Academic literature on the topic 'War memorials – Norway'

The author raises the issue on relevance of international search for the names of killed persons during the Second World War, as well as provides information on the archives of Norway. The article deals with the presence of Soviet prisoners of war in Norway during 1941–1945 and the problem of searching for the names of the dead and buried prisoners in this territory. The author analyzes access to the electronic database on the names and places of burial of Soviet prisoners through the archival centers in Norway. This paper stresses the humanitarian role of Norwegian researchers in finding names and burial places of the thousands of Soviet prisoners of war.

This article describes the all-Russian scientific conference “International Intervention and Civil War in Russia and the Russian North: key problems, historical memory, and lessons of history”, held in Arkhangelsk, September 10–11, 2020. Co-organizers of the conference were the Russian Military-Historical Society and its Arkhangelsk branch, the Government of the Arkhangelsk Region, the M. V. Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University , and the Association of the Russian Civil War Scholars. Conference sponsors were the Russian Military- Historical Society and the Government of the Arkhangelsk Region. Established and younger scholars from 14 regions of Russia, as well as from Ukraine and Norway, took part in the conference and its proceedings. Conference participators considered the key problems of genesis, origins, and causes for the Russian Civil War, its modern conceptualization, the role of international intervention in Russia and the Russian North, results, consequences, and historical lessons of this war. Special attention was given to preparing of Volume XII (in two books), Civil War in Russia, 1917–1922, of the 20-volume academic series History of Russia and problems of historical and cultural memory of the Russian Civil War. Four sections and three roundtables considered questions of the dialectical relationship of international intervention and Civil War in Russia and the Russian North; of international, national, regional, and local dimensions of the Civil War; and of the individual at war. Conference participators pointed out the necessity of responsible, competent, and objective historical studies of the Russian Civil War, an attitude of care towards existing monuments and memorials, and strict examination and scientific expertise of new memorial projects devoted to this war.

A prominent feature of Norwegian nationalism in the second half of the nineteenth century and in the first half of the twentieth century was its use of Norway’s Viking and medieval history. This use is visible in Norwegian popular and political culture of the period with, among other things, the Norwegianization of city names and the emergence of the Dragon style. This article examines the role of commemoration of Viking heroes in Norwegian street names and memory sites in the period 1850-1940. In doing so, the article identifies who were remembered, when and where, and shows how there was an increase in Viking and medieval street names in the lead-up to 1900. The article also shows how the Norwegian population embraced and partook in the remembrance of these heroes through the case studies of the restoration of Trondheim Cathedral for 1930 and the construction of Haraldshaugen monument in 1872. By comparing these case studies with the spread of street names referencing the medieval, this article shows how there is a correlation between the increase in street names and the popular contributions to the construction of national memorials which suggests an increased participation in the national community. This shows the link between the spread of nationalism and medievalism in Norway in the period leading up to the Second World War opening the way to examine Norwegian medievalism as a component of the popularisation of the idea of an independent Norway.

During the First World War, more than 800 Norwegian ships were sunk by hostile action, with a loss of about 2,100 seafarers. The Norwegian merchant fleet was extremely important for Norway's economy and for securing the import of vital goods. In addition, Britain and her allies needed goods carried in Norwegian merchant ships, such as coal shipped across the Channel to France. This article examines the relationship between Britain and Norway during the war, concentrating on the roles of two important resources, coal and maritime labour. The first part of the article outlines the wartime Anglo-Norwegian relationship. Negotiations around the so-called ‘coal trade surplus’, and how the surplus was allocated, are analysed in the second section. The coal trade surplus derived from British coal exports to Norway and was transferred from the British to the Norwegian Government in 1919. The British Ministry of Shipping, in recognition of the efforts of Norwegian seafarers, demanded that part of the surplus should be allocated to their well-being and to a memorial for the Norwegian merchant seafarers who had perished during the war.

This paper covers the results of the All-Russian Scientific Conference “Allied Intervention and the Civil War in the Russian North: Key Problems, Historical Memory and Lessons of History” that was held in Arkhangelsk in September 10–11, 2020. Scholars from 14 regions of Russia as well as from Ukraine and Norway took part. The participants discussed important problems of the War’s origins and reasons, contemporary conceptualization, results and consequences, historical lessons and memory about the war, as well as the role of Allied Intervention in Russia and the Russian North. In addition, the questions of dialectic of Allied Intervention and the Civil War in Russia and the Russian North were considered, as well as the War’s international, national, regional and local dimensions, its military, political, economic, social, and cultural processes, and the issue of humans in the war. The participants attended the opening of the Yuryev Military Line memorial in the military-historical park located at the battlefield of 1918–1919 along Arkhangelsk–Moscow railroad.

Amy’s Marathon of Reading continues westward. Her Marathon of Hope project was mentioned in this column before but as it continues to gather momentum and as it relevant to the topic of this special issue, I thought it pertinent to mention it again. From her website: “ Inspired by Terry Fox’s and Rick Hansen’s Canadian journeys, Amy Mathers decided to honour her passion for reading and Canadian teen literature while working around her physical limitations through a Marathon of Books. Realising that Terry Fox could run a kilometre in six minutes during his Marathon of Hope, she figured out that she could read ten pages in the same amount of time. Thus, on her journey, ten pages will represent one kilometre travelled across Canada. Amy will be reading teen fiction books from every province and territory, exploring Canada and promoting Canadian teen authors and books by finishing a book a day for each day of 2014. She will write a review for each book she reads, and invites people to share their thoughts on the books she reads too.” For more information and to see how far Amy’s marathon has taken her so far, go to http://amysmarathonofbooks.ca/Upcoming events and exhibitsKAMLOOPS WRITERS FESTIVAL, Nov. 7-9, 2014, Old Courthouse Cultural Centre. Guest authors include children’s author Lois Peterson.WORKSHOP: Reading Challenges and Options for Young People with Disabilities. Friday, November 14, 2014; 11:30 am to 1:00 pm. REGISTRATION and more information: https://www.microspec.com/tix123/eTic.cfm?code=BOOKFAIR14 International and Canadian experts will discuss reading challenges and options for children and teens with disabilities, with examples from the IBBY Collection of Books for Young People with Disabilities. This outstanding international collection, formerly in Norway and now housed at North York Central Library, encompasses 3,000 books in traditional formats and accessible formats including sign language, tactile, Braille, and Picture Communication Symbols.There are two major opportunities to hear award winning author Kit Pearson in Toronto and Vancouver in the upcoming months. Kit will be presenting “The Sanctuary of Story” for the 8th Annual Sybille Pantazzi Memorial Lecture on Thursday November 13, 8 p.m., in the Community room, Lillian H. Smith branch of the Toronto Public Library.Kit Pearson will also be the guest speaker at A Celebration of Award Winning BC Authors and Illustrators of 2014 at A Wine and Cheese event from 7 – 9 p.m. at January 21, 2015. (Event venue still to be confirmed. Please check www.vclr.ca for updates.) The event celebrates many other BC winners and finalists of the Governor General’s Literary Awards, the BC Book Prizes, the VCLR Information Book Award, and several other important awards.For those of you in the Toronto area be sure to check out the exhibit Lest We Forget: War in Books for Young Readers, September 15 – December 6, 2014, at the Osborne Collection. In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the beginning of the First World War.Do not forget to Celebrate Freedom to Read Week, February 22-28, 2015, the annual event that encourages Canadians to think about and reaffirm their commitment to intellectual freedom, which is guaranteed them under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.Serendipity 2015 promises to be a tantalizing affair. An Edgy, Eerie, Exceptional Serendipity 2015 (Saturday March 7, 2015) with Holly Black, Andrew Smith, Mariko Tamaki, Molly Idle, and Kelli Chipponeri will have captivating discussions ranging from haunted dolls and worlds of nightmare, to the raw emotion and exceptional beauty of growing up. The event, a members-only event, includes breakfast, lunch, and snacks. [This may be a very good incentive to become a member!] More information at http://vclr.ca/serendipity-2015/Call for papers and presentationsYALSA is currently seeking program proposals and paper presentations for its 2015 Young Adult Services Symposium, Bringing it All Together: Connecting Libraries, Teens & Communities, to be held Nov. 6-8, 2015, in Portland, Ore. The theme addresses the key role of connection that librarians have for the teens in their community. YALSA invites interested parties to propose 90-minute programs centering on the theme, as well as paper presentations offering new, unpublished research relating to the theme. Applications for all proposals can be found http://www.ala.org/yalsa/yasymposium . Proposals for programs and paper presentations must be completed online by Dec. 1, 2014. Applicants will be notified of their proposals’ status by Feb. 1, 2015.Book Award newsThe 2014 Information Book Award Finalists. The winner and honor title, voted by members of the Children’s Literature Roundtables, will be announced November 17, 2014 in Vancouver.Before the World Was Ready: Stories of Daring Genius in Science by Claire Eamer. Annick Press. Follow Your Money by Kevin Sylvester and Michael Hlinka. Annick Press.Looks Like Daylight: Voices of Indigenous Kids by Deborah Ellis. Groundwood Books. Pay It Forward Kids: Small Acts, Big Change by Nancy Runstedler. Fitzhenry & Whiteside.Pedal It! How Bicycles are Changing the World by Michelle Mulder. Orca Book Publishers.The list of nominees for the 2015 Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award (ALMA) includes 50 first-time nominees among a total of 197 candidates from 61 countries. Canadian nominees include The Canadian Children’s Book Centre (Organisation, nominated by IBBY Canada) and authors Sarah Ellis and Marie-Francine Hébert. Full list available at http://www.alma.se/en/Nominations/Candidates/2015/The winners of the 2014 Governor General’s Literary Award will be announced November 18, 2014. The nominated titles for children’s literature (English text) are:Jonathan Auxier, (Pittsburgh, Pa.) – The Night Gardener (Penguin Canada)Lesley Choyce, (East Laurencetown, N.S.) – Jeremy Stone (Red Deer Press)Rachel and Sean Qitsualik-Tinsley – Skraelings (Inhabit Media Inc.)Raziel Reid, (Vancouver) – When Everything Feels like the Movies (Arsenal Pulp Press)Mariko Tamaki, (Oakland, Calif.) – This One Summer (Groundwood Books/House of Anansi Press)Nominations for illustration in (English) children’s literature are:Marie-Louise Gay, (Montreal) – Any Questions?, text by Marie-Louise Gay (Groundwood Books/House of Anansi Press)Qin Leng, (Toronto) – Hana Hashimoto, Sixth Violin, text by Chieri Uegaki (Kids Can Press)Renata Liwska, (Calgary) – Once Upon a Memory, text by Nina Laden (Little, Brown and Company)Julie Morstad, (Vancouver) – Julia, Child, text by Kyo Maclear (Tundra Books)Jillian Tamaki, (Brooklyn, N.Y.) – This One Summer, text by Mariko Tamaki (Groundwood Books/House of Anansi Press)Nominations for (French) children’s literature (text) are:Linda Amyot, (St-Charles-Borromée, Que.) – Le jardin d'Amsterdam (Leméac Éditeur)India Desjardins, (Montreal) – Le Noël de Marguerite (Les Éditions de la Pastèque)Patrick Isabelle, (Montreal) – Eux (Leméac Éditeur)Jean-François Sénéchal, (Saint-Lambert, Que.) – Feu (Leméac Éditeur)Mélanie Tellier, (Montreal) – Fiona (Marchand de feuilles)Nominations for (French) children’s literature (illustration):Pascal Blanchet, (Trois-Rivières, Que.) – Le Noël de Marguerite, text by India Desjardins (Les Éditions de la Pastèque)Marianne Dubuc, (Montreal) – Le lion et l'oiseau, text by Marianne Dubuc (Les Éditions de la Pastèque)Manon Gauthier, (Montreal) – Grand-mère, elle et moi…, text by Yves Nadon (Éditions Les 400 coups)Isabelle Malenfant, (Montreal) – Pablo trouve un trésor, text by Andrée Poulin (Éditions Les 400 coups)Pierre Pratt, (Montreal) – Gustave, text by Rémy Simard (Les Éditions de la Pastèque)Online resources:Welcome to the Teachers' Book Bank! This database of Canadian historical fiction and non-fiction books is brought to you by the Canadian Children's Book Centre with Historica Canada, and funded by the Government of Canada. These titles may be used by teachers to introduce topics and themes in Canadian history and by students carrying out research projects. Many of the books also offer opportunities for cross-curricular connections in language arts, geography, the arts, science and other subjects. In most cases, publishers have indicated specific grade levels and age ranges to guide selection. For lesson plans to go with these books, visit Historica Canada's Canadian Encyclopedia. http://bookbank.bookcentre.ca/index.php?r=site/CCBCChairing Stories on Facebook Created in response to requests from former students of Gail de Vos’s online courses on Canadian Children’s Literature and Graphic Novels and comic books, this page celebrates books, their creators, and their audiences. Postings for current students too! Check it out at https://www.facebook.com/ChairingStoriesPresented by Gail de VosGail de Vos, an adjunct instructor, teaches courses on Canadian children's literature, Young Adult Literature and Comic Books and Graphic Novels at the School of Library and Information Studies for the University of Alberta and is the author of nine books on storytelling and folklore. She is a professional storyteller and has taught the storytelling course at SLIS for over two decades

Defence date: 2 July 2007
Examining board: Prof. Bo Stråth (EUI) ; Prof. Heinz-Gerhard Haupt (EUI) ; Prof. Annette Warring (Roskilde University) ; Prof. Øystein Sørensen (University of Oslo)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
Since the 1970s numerous museums and exhibitions have been opened and new monuments erected in many European countries. This 'memory boom' came to a head in the middle of the 1990s with the arrangements for the half-centenary anniversary of the end of the Second World War. The last 15 years have seen a tremendous change in international politics.

This chapter reviews the book To the Gates of Jerusalem: The Diaries and Papers of James G. McDonald, 1945–1947 (2015), edited by Norman J.W. Goda, Barbara McDonald Stewart, Severin Hochberg, and Richard Breitman. To the Gates of Jerusalem examines the origins, deliberations, and final report of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry Regarding the Problems of European Jewry and Palestine. The committee, of which U.S. diplomat James G. McDonald was a member, was created in November 1945 by the British Labour government and the Truman administration to address the humanitarian problem faced after World War II by Jews who survived the Holocaust. The diaries deal solely with this humanitarian plight and discuss only British and American policies. They reflect McDonald’s staunch support for the cause of the Holocaust survivors.

This chapter tests to what extent variation in political support over time is influenced by political events. Analyzing an event within the realm of “normal politics,” i.e. a policy decision in a local community to close down schools in an affluent Swedish municipality, the authors study changes in political support among affected citizens and non-affected citizens before decision, after decision, and after implementation. They identify four mechanisms that cause citizens to maintain political support even when faced with a policy decision that affects them negatively: procedural fairness, compromise decisions, fading memories, and constitutional arrangements for vertical division of power. The chapter explores to what extent each of these mechanisms mediates the effect of a policy decision on political support, and find that the partial recovery of political support among negatively affected citizens was mainly driven by compromise decisions and procedural fairness.

The chapter begins with a reflection on historical notions of sacred place and how senses of sacred place are perceived and understood. Pilgrimage networks are constructed from memories of sacred places and ritualized in relationship to holy people or events. In medieval Norway, the notion of sacred landscape emerged as an interweaving of Norse and Christian elements. This sacred geography was transformed by the development of modern energy forms, transportation, and infrastructure projects made possible in part through Norway’s petroleum wealth. Even so, the pilgrimage network sought to re-establish a route network from forgotten and reimagined paths, which slowly was pieced together from the 1960s onward. The chapter ends by asking how notions of landscape, interspecies relationships, and political theologies have reconstructed notions of sacred place, sainthood, and landscape in a secularizing, increasingly multiethnic and multireligious Norway.

In 2008, both Norway and Denmark delivered major contributions to the cinematic genre of the ‘occupation drama’ (Norwegian), or ‘occupation film’ (Danish): the Norwegian film was Max Manus: Man of War (Max Manus, Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg, 2008) and the Danish Flame & Citron (Flammen og citronen, Ole Christian Madsen, 2008). In Scandinavia, these generic markers refer to many films set during the Second World War and depicting the fates of Danes and Norwegians in the years 1940–5, when their respective countries were occupied by Nazi Germany. Thus, both Norway and Denmark eventually came to be on the victorious allied side of the war. The other Nordic countries had different obligations. Sweden, most importantly in the present context, was neutral and kept its independence throughout the war. This chapter will study how Max Manus: Man of War and Flame & Citron can be understood in a Swedish context, referring to Swedish history during the war, textual analyses of mainly the scenes from Sweden in the films, and the reception of the films in Sweden. That is, I analyse Norwegian and Danish perceptions of Sweden during the war, but strictly from a Swede’s point of view.

Robert Norman William Blake (1916–2003), a Fellow of the British Academy, had published admired revisionist studies of the soldier Lord Haig (1952) and the politician Andrew Bonar Law (1955), but unquestionably it was the brilliant success of his biography of Benjamin Disraeli in 1966 that stimulated support for his election to the Academy. He was born in the Manor House, Brundall, on the Yare, Norfolk, a little outside Norwich, on December 23, 1916 to William Joseph Blake and Norah Lindley. In 1935, Blake went to Magdalen College, Oxford, with a view to preparing for a legal career. He read ‘Modern Greats’, philosophy, politics, and economics. Blake was eloquent on the depressing peculiarities of World War II. He related in a manuscript fragment, ‘Memories of Christ Church’, that his two closest friends in the Senior Common Room were Hugh Trevor-Roper and Charles Stuart. In his biography of Disraeli, Blake made the British prime minister much less convincing as a heroic legend, but made him much more interesting as a man.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world today. Mammography screening gives vital information about normal and abnormal regions. The task is to detect the lesion in mammograms using computer-aided diagnosis techniques. The automated detection of cancer decreases the mortality rate and manual error. In this work, the statistical (mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, energy and entropy) and tamura features (coarseness, contrast and directionality) were extracted from the Cranial-Caudal (CC) view of mammogram images collected from the M.S. Ramaiah Memorial Hospital, Bangalore. The support vector machine was used for classification. Different support vector machine kernels were used and results were tabulated. The highest accuracy was obtained for linear and quadratic kernels with 95.7% with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 91%.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world today. Mammography screening gives vital information about normal and abnormal regions. The task is to detect the lesion in mammograms using computer-aided diagnosis techniques. The automated detection of cancer decreases the mortality rate and manual error. In this work, the statistical (mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, energy and entropy) and tamura features (coarseness, contrast and directionality) were extracted from the Cranial-Caudal (CC) view of mammogram images collected from the M.S. Ramaiah Memorial Hospital, Bangalore. The support vector machine was used for classification. Different support vector machine kernels were used and results were tabulated. The highest accuracy was obtained for linear and quadratic kernels with 95.7% with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 91%.

Memory is one of the most important cognitive functions in a person’s life. Memory is essential for recalling personal memories and for performing many everyday tasks, such as reading, playing music, returning home, and planning future actions, and, more generally, memory is crucial for interacting with the world. Determining how humans encode, store, and retrieve memories has a long scientific history, beginning with the classical research by Ebbinghaus in the late 20th century (Ebbinghaus, 1964). Since this seminal work, the large number of papers published in the domain of memory testifies that understanding memory is one of the most important challenges in cognitive neurosciences. With population growth and population aging, understanding memory failures both in the healthy elderly and in neurological and psychiatric conditions is a major societal issue. A substantial body of evidence, mainly from double dissociations observed in neuropsychological patients, has led researchers to consider memory not as a unique entity but as comprising several forms with distinct neuroanatomical substrates (Squire, 2004). With reference to long-term memory, episodic memory may be described as the conscious recollection of personal events combined with their phenomenological and spatiotemporal encoding contexts, such as recollecting one’s wedding day with all the contextual details (Tulving, 2002). Episodic memory is typically opposed to semantic memory, which is viewed as a system dedicated to the storage of facts and general decontextualized knowledge (e.g., Paris is the capital of France), including also the mental lexicon. Episodic memory was initially defined by Tulving as a memory system specialized in storing specific experiences in terms of what happened and where and when it happened (Tulving, 1972). Later, phenomenological processes were associated with the retrieval of memories (Tulving, 2002). Episodic memory is assumed to depend on the self, and involves mental time travel and a sense of reliving the original encoding context that includes autonoetic awareness (i.e., the awareness that this experience happened to oneself, is not happening now, and is part of one’s personal history).

This chapter concerns the way in which the incessant and exponential use of photography in social media, as a means to form and visually communicate experiences, not only permeates our lives, but also shapes our experience of the world. On the basis of the visual research outputs and findings in the form of the exhibition Norwegian Sublime: Landscape Photography in the Age of the iPhone (Frank Moran Memorial Hall Gallery, Brisbane, Australia), this chapter is an in depth look at our contemporary aesthetic experience of nature and the world around us, through photography and Instagram in particular. Drawing on Susan Sontag and Alva Nöe, this chapter discusses how the digital, social media landscape and our addiction to it does more than merely amplify dissociative seeing. It makes dissociative seeing a new normal.

This chapter analyzes the work of Primo Levi. Levi's revisions of his experiences in Auschwitz stand alone. He wrote with hindsight because during his thirteen months in Auschwitz he was unable to write: normal life was brutally suspended, and he poured all his physical energies and intellect into the struggle to survive. Traumatic memories are especially persistent and his various forms of memoir, and reaction to his experiences have come to represent the most developed and searing Holocaust testimony that since the later 1940s has evolved in many different forms. Levi's writing epitomizes the ethical incentives of prison writing as testimony for mankind that not only engages new readers but also challenges them, going well beyond testimony as an end in itself.

Introduction: The experience of motherhood for primiparous women is a moment of passage and concerns physical and emotional changes. This experience needs to be welcomed by health teams from primary care to medium and high complexity. Therefore, in the usual risk prenatal care, the generalist nurse and the obstetrician nurse must be in the care teams, maintaining the quality of prenatal, childbirth and postpartum care. The attention to women in a humanized way can contribute to the experience of a more satisfactory postpartum period. Objectives: to recognize the perceptions of puerperal women in the care actions given by nurses in a School Hospital. Methods: qualitative, exploratory study, carried out in a Federal School Hospital, linked to a public university. The group in this study was composed of 13 primiparous women, who gave birth to their children through normal delivery or cesarean section in the second half of 2021. An interview was carried out using the Google Meet platform between the 30th and 45th day postpartum with the following question: What does it mean to me to be a woman and a puerperal for the first time? The analysis was performed using the Iramuteq software (Interface R pous les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires – Version 0.7 alpha 2) Results: the corpus of the 13 interviews generated 308 Elementary Context Units (ECU). The Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) retained 254 UCE, with an 82.47% success rate and five classes; the most frequent lexicon was nurse (a), with a frequency of 23 citations in the text segments. Conclusions: it was possible to recognize the nurse as a professional promoter of humanized practices in childbirth care, by the participants' reports about the reception received at the time of childbirth and the immediate postpartum period.

This paper aims to test efficiency, in its weak form, in the cap­ital markets of the Netherlands (AEX), Belgium (BEL 20), France (CAC 40), Ireland (ISEQ 20), Norway (OSEBX), Portugal (PSI 20), in the period from April 4, 2019 to April 1, 2021. The sample was partitioned into two sub­periods, the first and second wave of the global pandemic: April 4, 2019 to April 30, 2020; May 4, 2020 to April 1, 2021. To carry out this analysis, different approaches were undertaken to analyze whether: (i) Euron­ext’s stock markets have more significant long memories in the first or second wave of the global pandemic? The results show the presence of sharp long memories during the first wave of the global pandemic, par­ticularly in the stock indices OSEBX (0.67), PSI 20 (0.67), AEX (0.66), BEL 20 (0.64), CAC 40 (0.62), ISEQ 20 (0.61), which implies that the yields are au­tocorrelated in time and, there is a reversal of the average, in all indexes. Regarding the second wave of the global pandemic, we found that most Euronext stock markets don’t reject the random walk hypothesis, with the exception of the Norwegian (0.56) and Portugal (0.55) stock markets. These findings show that the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic was ac­centuated during the first wave, but from May 2020 the markets adjust­ed and showed balance. The authors believe that the results achieved will be a benefit to international investors seeking efficient diversifica­tion into their portfolios.

Aim/Purpose: In this research the authors present the designs of three different knowledge object meta-data wrapper models as a supportive technology to assist the knowledge intensive operations of a network of knowledge, such as a living lab. Background: Within any knowledge driven network environment there is a need to increase the corporate knowledge capacity of the network. The role of experts and knowledge brokers are emphasized, and the exchange of knowledge based on prior experiences informing corporate memories of the members, is the departure point of this research. Methodology: The primary research method applied is that of the design science research methodology supported by experience and application research and the literature. Contribution: Three different metadata models are presented that will when implemented support the informing process within the network of knowledge. The models are grounded on the utilization of metadata elements composing of various key descriptors as found in activity theory and normal means of heuristic enquiry which entail common questions. The elements are annotated and fur-ther enriched using standard JSON-LD IRI pairs. The presented models expand on the extant knowledge of the use of metadata annotations and present a novel way in encapsulating the corporate memories of knowledge workers in the form of knowledge object wrappers. Findings: The results of the evaluation process of the design science research methodolo-gy applied, showed that there is a consensus that the use of knowledge object wrappers as additional metadata, containers could enhance the knowledge ca-pacity and efficiency of a LL and in particular the knowledge brokers.

The objective of this study was to train the visuospatial and semantic working memory of a sample of Colombian older adults through the design of a serious game. The sample was composed of 20 older adults whose ages ranged from 50 to 77 years and showed signs of normal ageing. The sample belonged to the Edad de Oro group from the Universidad de Ibagué in Colombia. Participation in this study was voluntary, and the socio-demographic data and Mini-Mental state examination questionnaires were administered. The video game’s creative process was developed over six months by a team made up of psychologists and systems engineers. The video game was created using 2D Construct3 game editor, and the use of JavaScript programming language and an advanced knowledge of HTML were required. Before training, two pilot sessions were carried out to adjust the video game structure. After that, the procedure was applied to the sample for 20 sessions. The time spent and errors made in the video game’s five levels were registered. The results show values of significant effect size. In conclusion, the Latin American samples help corroborate the central training hypothesis. Training through video games leads to improved visuospatial and semantic working memory performance.

Abstract Rising like lotus blooms from bloodied war-torn devastation and muddied destitution of war crimes, divided societies and imperialistic ravages of Western colonialism, the two Indochina nations of Vietnam and Cambodia have shown amazing power of resurgence in less than 50 years. In many regional league tables, Vietnam notably, have even pulled ahead to show amazing achievements in GDP and education. What has happened seems like a distant past today. What are the unique cultural roots of this human resilience and socio-economic dynamism? At an individual level, it is not often that post traumatic stress disorder of abused victims show their mental and emotional suffering. One can only note the behavioral signs which impede normal life and block success. Part of this presentation is to share with the audience the clues to help one recognize such indicative signs with the objective of supporting those who are suffering. There is an effective way to uproot the self-blame, anger and hatred associated with suppressed memories and to overcome the submerged negativities in subconscious minds of the afflicted. Forgiveness meditation is a mindful self-healing way of peaceful living, and when paired as an integral part Insight Meditation, the underlying benefits can empower the healed to progress onward to bigger success. Real-life cases of two personalities who have taken different paths to demonstrate the power of mindful living towards human resilience and effective healing in the midst of bleak uncertainties are shared: A. A Cambodian (multiple) noble peace prize nominee who demonstrated not only to his people, but also the world, to seek the only resource where we can find true peace and genuine understanding of truths... in our own hearts. Like many of his compatriots, his entire family, friends and disciples were massacred. A forest monk and meditation master turned peacemaker at the United Nations, he walked step by step bringing forth the spring of hope in the hearts of the shell shocked survivors. Tens of thousands wept as he chants the timeless metta verses of loving kindness and other traditional spiritual chants lost in the unspeakable sorrows of war and ideological conflicts. B. A postwar Vietnamese case study of a globally successful social entrepreneur, she was left to fend for herself aged 16 years after her entire family was killed by foreign powers. Her social enterprise employed the war destitutes, former prostitutes and the disabled to produce quality handicrafts and furniture made from organic resources. Her voice is recorded here to illustrate her maxim of “one must forgive to move on but the painful lessons must never be forgotten” in order to sustain success. Keywords: forgiveness, meditation, self-healing, mindfulness

1. IntroductionA report by the United Nations has revealed the number of older adults in the world is projected to reach 1.4 billion by 2030, and this number is expected to increase to 2.1 billion by 2050. This development will place enormous pressure on current healthcare and social protection systems. If life expectancy continues to rise while fertility constantly declines over many years. the ageing of the population will continue to throughout the world. The gigantic numbers of elderly people will place significant pressure on current systems of social protection and global health care. By 2024, it is expected to have nearly 400,000 people over the age of 80 in Hong Kong —a 24.8% increase over the figure recorded in 2014. 2. Problem StatementLike in other Asian cities, the population of Hong Kong exhibits a continuous ageing trend.The change in the population structure will need an improved housing policy and health care system and infrastructure in order to tackle these resulting social problems. The more older adults are living in the city, the greater the numbers of people who are living with dementia. 3. Older Adults Living with Mild Cognitive ImpairmentDementia is characterised by the loss of mental abilities,and by further degeneration over time.This condition is not inevitable, as the hallmark symptoms of cognitive deterioration are not considered to be a normal part of ageing. It is a typical biomedical disease that might appear when the brain is affected by some specific diseases, such as a series of small strokes damage the brain and cause confusion, speech problems and progressive loss of memory and cognition. This gradual decline in cognitive functions causes people to need extra support for daily living. A person who is having slightly problems with planning, reasoning and also remembering may be classified as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI). 4. Universal DesignUD (universal design) is classified as the practice of making things in ways that involve almost no extra cost, but offer attractive yet functional styles that are fulfilling all people, regardless of each individual’s ability or disability. UD addresses the complete span of functionality through making each element and space accessible to its deepest extent by careful planning at all different stages of a project. 5. Participant Observation An interpretive approach is adopted as a research paradigm for understanding the meanings that human beings attach to their experiences. For this study, a centre manager of the well-established Yan Oi Tong Elderly Community Centre recruited three older adults to participate for nine months. These people were living with MCI in a rural district. Prior to this study, these three elders engaged in a participative design workshop that was organised by the same researcher. The workshop had two sessions, and explored the participants’ latent needs concerning home decoration and product design for public housing.Observational visits were conducted with each participant every two weeks for a nine-month period. The participants are referred to as CH, CP and SK, and they were aged between 79 and 85 years old.6. DiscussionTheme 1: Fear of being alone.The participants described their experiences of facing loneliness. Although they felt that their memories were getting worse, they could still express how loneliness was one of the most difficult challenges that they had to face day-by-day. SK said that ‘I want to do my preferred activities,and don’t want to stay at home all the time!’ Theme 2: Recognition of incompetence.The older persons suffering from MCI believed that they were, to varying degrees, incompetent in dealing with day-to-day activities. As CP explained, ‘I have become useless and cannot remember things recently…’ Theme 3: Lack of neighbourhood spirit. For older people living alone in public housing, neighbours become the most reliable people after their families. Older participants reported that they commonly displaced their house keys due to their gradual memory loss. They had to make duplicate front door keys, and gave them to neighbours who they trusted.To deal with such problems, a product design or system could be pre-installed in housing facilities that would enable better communication or connection between neighbours, and allow older residents to become closer to others.7. ConclusionThis ethnographic study has investigated the latent, unfulfilled needs of older persons living with MCI. Building rapport with these older participants was an important step at the beginning of the study.This finding of “Fear of being alone”, “Lack of neighbourhood spirit”also revealed that regular visits by community centre staff and local social workers should be organised to provide older community members and stakeholders with more attention regarding their day-to-day activities and their relations to society as a whole in order to eliminate “Recognition of incompetence”.

Climate and hydrology are major drivers of ecosystems. They dramatically shape ecosystem structure and function, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Understanding changes in climate, groundwater, and water quality and quantity is central to assessing the condition of park biota and key cultural resources. The Sonoran Desert Network collects data on climate, groundwater, and surface water at 11 National Park Service units in southern Arizona and New Mexico. This report provides an integrated look at climate, groundwater, and springs conditions at Chiricahua National Monument (NM), Coronado National Memorial (NMem), and Fort Bowie National Historic Site (NHS) during water year (WY) 2019 (October 2018–September 2019). Overall annual precipitation at Chiricahua NM and Coronado NMem in WY2019 was approximately the same as the normals for 1981–2010. (The weather station at Fort Bowie NHS had missing values on 275 days, so data were not presented for that park.) Fall and winter rains were greater than normal. The monsoon season was generally weaker than normal, but storm events related to Hurricane Lorena led to increased late-season rain in September. Mean monthly maximum temperatures were generally cooler than normal at Chiricahua, whereas mean monthly minimum temperatures were warmer than normal. Temperatures at Coronado were more variable relative to normal. The reconnaissance drought index (RDI) indicated that Chiricahua NM was slightly wetter than normal. (The WY2019 RDI could not be calculated for Coronado NMem due to missing data.) The five-year moving mean of annual precipitation showed both park units were experiencing a minor multi-year precipitation deficit relative to the 39-year average. Mean groundwater levels in WY2019 increased at Fort Bowie NHS, and at two of three wells monitored at Chiricahua NM, compared to WY2018. Levels in the third well at Chiricahua slightly decreased. By contrast, water levels declined in five of six wells at Coronado NMem over the same period, with the sixth well showing a slight increase over WY2018. Over the monitoring record (2007–present), groundwater levels at Chiricahua have been fairly stable, with seasonal variability likely caused by transpiration losses and recharge from runoff events in Bonita Creek. At Fort Bowie’s WSW-2, mean groundwater level was also relatively stable from 2004 to 2019, excluding temporary drops due to routine pumping. At Coronado, four of the six wells demonstrated increases (+0.30 to 11.65 ft) in water level compared to the earliest available measurements. Only WSW-2 and Baumkirchner #3 have shown net declines (-17.31 and -3.80 feet, respectively) at that park. Springs were monitored at nine sites in WY2019 (four sites at Chiricahua NM; three at Coronado NMem, and two at Fort Bowie NHS). Most springs had relatively few indications of anthropogenic or natural disturbance. Anthropogenic disturbance included modifications to flow, such as dams, berms, or spring boxes. Examples of natural disturbance included game trails, scat, or evidence of flooding. Crews observed 0–6 facultative/obligate wetland plant taxa and 0–3 invasive non-native species at each spring. Across the springs, crews observed six non-native plant species: common mullein (Verbascum thapsus), spiny sowthistle (Sonchus asper), common sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus), Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana), rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis), and red brome (Bromus rubens). Baseline data on water quality and water chemistry were collected at all nine sites. It is likely that that all nine springs had surface water for at least some part of WY2019, though temperature sensors failed at two sites. The seven sites with continuous sensor data had water present for most of the year. Discharge was measured at eight sites and ranged from < 1 L/minute to 16.5 L/minute.