Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'War Initiation'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: War Initiation.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 42 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'War Initiation.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Van, Orden Patrick. "The Foreign Policies of Revolutionary Leaders: Identity, Emotion, and Conflict Initiation." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/24192.
Full textAbstract:
This manuscript addresses an important empirical regularity: Why are revolutionary leaders more likely to initiate conflict? With the goal of explaining this regularity, I offer an identity-driven model of decision making that can explain why certain leaders are more likely to take risky gambles. Broadly, this manuscript provides a different model of decision making that emphasizes emotion and identity as key to explain decision making. I offer a plausibility probe of the identity-driven model with four in-depth case studies: The initiation of the Iran-Iraq War, the initiation of the Gulf War, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the start of the Korean War. I use the congruence method and process tracing to test the plausibility probe. I find strong support in two cases—the initiation of the Iran-Iraq War and the Gulf War—and mixed support for the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Korean War.
2
Addei, Cecilia. "Childhoods dis-ordered: Non-realist narrative modes in selected post-2000 West African war novels." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5447.
Full textAbstract:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis study explores how selected West African war novels employ non-realist narrative modes to portray disruptions in the child’s development into adulthood. The novels considered are Chris Abani’s Song for Night (2007), Ahmadou Kourouma’s Allah is Not Obliged (2006), Uzodinma Iweala’s Beasts of No Nation (2005) and Delia Jarrett-Macauley’s Moses, Citizen and Me (2005). These novels strain at the conventions of realism as a consequence of the attempt to represent the disruptions in child development as a result of the upheavals of war. A core proposition of the study is to present why the authors in question are obliged to employ non-realist modes in representing disrupted childhoods that reflect the social and cultural disorder attendant upon war. The dissertation also asks pertinent questions regarding the ideological effect of these narrative strategies and the effect of the particular stylistic idiosyncrasies of each of the authors in figuring childhood in postcolonial Africa. The novels in question employ surrealism, the absurd, the grotesque and magical realism, in presenting the first person narratives of children in war situations, or the reflections of adult narrators on children affected by war. This study further analyses the ways the aesthetic modes employed by these authors underscore, in particular, children’s experiences of war. Through strategic use of specific literary techniques, these authors highlight questions of vulnerability, powerlessness and violence on children, as a group that has been victimised and co-opted into violence. The study further considers how these narrative transformations in the representations of children in novels, capture transformations in ideas about childhood in postcolonial Africa.
3
Lee, Jong Sun. "Attitudes of civilian and military leaders toward war initiation : application of Richard Betts' analysis of American cases to other countries /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148775868016317.
Full text
4
Lichtenberg, Bianca. "Kindersoldaten in Afrika : Sozialisations- und Entwicklungsbedingungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Kriegsgebieten am Beispiel von Kindersoldaten in Afrika." Master's thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1985/.
Full textAbstract:
In ca. 75% der weltweiten Kriege und bewaffneten Konflikte sind Kindersoldaten involviert; diese Fakten lassen die Kindersoldatenproblematik zu einem weltumspannenden Problem werden. Weltweit sind ca. 300.000 Kindersoldaten unter achtzehn Jahren in kriegerische Konflikte eingebunden und als Soldaten, Träger, Boten, Minensucher oder in anderweitigen Diensten tätig.
Das Schicksal der Kindersoldaten lässt sich vor allem in Asien und Afrika feststellen. Auf beiden Kontinenten werden sogar 7- bis 12-Jährige in kriegerische Auseinandersetzungen verwickelt. Nach dem United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) ist die größte Anzahl an Kindersoldaten in Afrika zu finden, was auch mit der Tatsache in Zusammenhang steht, dass die meisten Konflikte heutzutage auf dem Afrikanischen Kontinent ausgetragen werden.
Von großer erziehungswissenschaftlicher Bedeutung ist das Thema, da Kinder und Jugendliche, die mit kriegerischen Konfliktsituationen aufwachsen und unter diesen Bedingungen sozialisiert werden, selbst bereit sind, Gewalt auszuüben. Das gilt selbstverständlich bereits für Kinder und Jugendliche, die zwar nicht als Kombattanten in das Kriegsgeschehen verwickelt werden, aber von denen dennoch Gewalt als ein alltäglicher Zustand erfahren wird. Gesellschaftliche Werte, wie zum Beispiel Hilfsbereitschaft oder der friedliche Umgang miteinander, werden durch die generalisierte Gewalt auf eine harte Probe gestellt. Das Handeln der Erwachsenen ist durch den kriegerischen Kontext bestimmt und die gesellschaftlichen Werte werden dadurch insgesamt verändert. Kinder und Jugendliche, die in kriegerischen Situationen aufwachsen, haben zudem nur selten die Möglichkeit, eine Ausbildung zu absolvieren und sich somit eine Perspektive für die Zukunft abseits des Kampfes zu sichern. Sie fühlen sich häufig allein gelassen, machtlos und schutzlos.
In diesen hoffnungslosen Lebensumständen ist ein Anschluss an eine gewaltbereite Gruppe für einige Kinder und Jugendliche ein Weg, Nahrung, Schutz und eine kurzfristige – am bloßen Überleben orientierte - Perspektive zu gewinnen. Werden die Kinder und Jugendlichen zu Mitgliedern gewaltbereiter Gruppen, so wachsen sie in einem System der Gewalt auf, in dem sie lernen, sich mit Gewalt ihren Lebensunterhalt und ihr Überleben zu sichern.
Ein Teufelskreis entsteht, in dessen Kern die Frage steht, wie Kinder und Jungendliche, die keinen Frieden und auch keinen friedvollen Umgang mit sich selbst und anderen Personen kennen, als Zivilisten Frieden schaffen können.
Die Problematik der Kindersoldaten stellt also nicht nur eine Bedrohung der Kindheit, sondern eine Bedrohung der zivilen Gesellschaftsstruktur dar, gefährdet die regionale Stabilität und somit die Chancen folgender Generationen, dem Schicksal des Kindersoldatentums zu entgehen.Worldwide about 300,000 child soldiers under eighteen years of age are involved in armed conflicts as soldiers, porters, messengers or other services. The fate of child soldiers is particularly in Asia and Africa identified. On both continents are even 7 - up to 12-year-old implicated in armed conflicts. According to the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) the largest number of child soldiers is found in Africa, which is also related to the fact that most conflicts today are held on the African continent. Children and adolescents, who grow up during armed conflict and are socialiesed under these conditions are willing to use violence. They experience violence as a condition of everyday. Social values, such as peaceful dealings with each other, are affected by the generalized violence. Children and young people who grow up in war situations, have also rarely the possibility of training and school education. They often feel alone, helpless and defenceless without having a perspective for their future. In these desperate living conditions an active affiliation with a violent group is for some children and adolescents a way to gain food, protection and a short-term-perspective which is oriented on mere survival.
5
Daugey, Marie. "Les lions qui ne parlent pas : cycle initiatique et territoire en pays Kabyè (Togo)." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE5020.
Full textAbstract:
Chez les Kabyè du Togo, le cycle de l'initiation masculine occupe une place centrale dans la construction du rapport au territoire. Échelonnée sur dix années et composée de quatre grades, l'initiation est la voie d'accès au statut d'homme adulte. Les rites d'entrée dans les différents grades procèdent conjointement à l'inscription de tous dans le territoire villageois, et à l'identification progressive des jeunes hommes à des créatures de brousse. Le dispositif rituel construit des jeunes gens aptes à pénétrer en brousse ― chaque grade le faisant selon ses propres modalités ― pour pouvoir finalement faire face aux menaces qu'elle recèle. L'articulation de l'initiation au cycle annuel des rites agraires et cynégétiques, et au cycle quinquennal des rites de régénération du territoire est étudiée. Elle permet de mettre en évidence que le lien des initiants à la brousse est réinvesti par le système rituel, de telle sorte que les initiants sont d'importants intervenants dans les rites permettant le maintien des conditions d'existence au village. Leurs actes complètent ceux des responsables du culte aux divinités du territoire : des grands prêtres aux accents de rois sacrés. La façon dont les initiants prennent part aux rites liés à la pluie, au vent et à la terre, et les interdits auxquels ils sont soumis, appuient l'hypothèse qu'ils partagent avec les grands prêtres un pouvoir immédiat sur les éléments naturels. L'initiation masculine peut être comprise comme une initiation à la royauté sacrée qui, pour la majorité des jeunes hommes, n'ira pas jusqu'à son terme. Dans la phase ultime de l'initiation, certains pourront être intronisés grands prêtresAmong the Kabye of Togo, the male initiation cycle is central to building the relationship to the territory. Completed over a period of ten years and divided into four grades, the initiation cycle is the route to the adult male status. The rites of access to the different grades jointly proceed to the inclusion of all in the village territory, and to the progressive identification of young men to bush creatures. The ritual system makes sure young people are able to penetrate the bush — each grade according to its own terms — and cope with the threats it holds. The link between the initiation and the annual cycle of the agricultural and hunting rites, as well as the quinquennial cycle of regeneration of the territory, is studied hereafter. This highlights that the link between the initiates and the bush is reinvested by the ritual system, in such a way that the initiates are important contributors to the rites, allowing the conditions of existence in the village to be maintained. Their actions complete those of the people in charge of worshipping the territory divinities: great priests resembling sacred kings. The way the initiates take part in rituals linked to rain, wind and earth, in addition to the taboos they face, support the hypothesis that they share with the great priests an immediate power on natural elements. The male initiation cycle can be understood as an initiation to sacred kingship which, for the majority of young men, will not be fully completed. In the ultimate phase of the initiation cycle, some will be enthroned as great priests
6
Rawls, Orlando Julius. "Bes: The Ancient Egyptian Way of Initiation." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2018. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/124.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to explore Osiris’s role in the Book of the Dead[1] to unearth the ancient Egyptian connotation for the term death. This study contends that western scholars have debased the arcane expression of death to literal interpretation. The basic function of ancient Egyptian scripture was to instruct man’s soul into deity—in the earthly realm. This investigation suggests the ancient Egyptian priesthood instituted this esoteric philosophy in scripture to adumbrate this grand idea death, which was Bes—to be initiated. The third century A.D. witnessed the development of Christianity in northeast Africa and subsequent rise of the Western world, delivering the fatal blow to ancient theology sending the art of esotericism into obscurity for centuries. The discovery of the Rosetta Stone would help to reestablish portions of this lost science. Thus, this inquiry aims to restore the sublime philosophy to the Book of the Dead so that its purpose is properly understood.
[1] The indigenous term for the Book of the Dead is prt m hrw or Book of Coming Forth by Day.
7
Couples, Christopher E. III. "The National Information Infrastructure Initiative: Space, Discipline, War Machine." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37044.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis concerns itself with the changes wrought by the movement from analog to
digital spaces. These changes are mirrored by changes in the way states practice
sovereignty. Examples of new practices of sovereignty are found in the documents of the
National Information Infrastrucure Advisory Council. Close analysis of these examples
reveals the disciplinary projects of spatial (re)construction implied by these new
practices. The effects of these types of spatial disciplinarity on individual subjectivities
are also discussed.Master of Arts
8
Judge, Sean M. ""Who has the puck?" : strategic initiative in modern conventional war /." Maxwell AFB, Ala. : School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 2008. https://www.afresearch.org/skins/rims/display.aspx?moduleid=be0e99f3-fc56-4ccb-8dfe-670c0822a153&mode=user&action=downloadpaper&objectid=59437903-4851-4b9b-8de0-4bb83fb7ea61&rs=PublishedSearch.
Full text
9
Lazzari, Luigi L. "The Strategic Defense Initiative and the end of the cold war." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/08Mar%5FLazzari.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Europe, Eurasia))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Tsypkin, Mikhail ; Siegel, Scott. "March 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on May 1, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-104). Also available in print.
10
Valiquette, Matt J. "Assessing the U.S. counter proliferation initiative considerations for Military Operations other than war /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA384711.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2000.Thesis advisor(s): Wirtz, James J. "December 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-61). Also available in print.
11
Sun, Jiming. "Ice initiation and ice multiplication processes in a warm-based preciptating cumulus cloud model." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22001.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on ice initiation and ice multiplication processes in warm-based precipitating shallow cumulus clouds. The five principal components of the investigation are: (1) development and application of a two-cylinder cloud and aerosol interaction model which allows sensitivity tests on the microphysical processes; (2) analysis of the role of perturbation pressure in the evolution of cloud drop spectra; (3) analysis of the impacts of cloud drop spectra on ice formation; (4) evaluation of the impacts of concentration of cloud condensation nuclei on the ice formation and the dynamics of warm-based precipitating shallow cumulus clouds; and (5) analysis of the influences of ice-active bioaerosols on ice bursts. A time-dependent cloud and aerosol interaction two-cylinder model is formulated which incorporates the explicit microphysical processes of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN). Perturbation pressure is determined explicitly by a Fourier Bessel series expansion. The aerosol masses of CCN and IN in hydrometeors are calculated explicitly in the warm rain formation and the ice crystal riming processes. Simulation results show that the updraughts induced by the gradient force of the dynamic pressure result in the new activation of cloud droplets at the cloud-clear air interface. The broadening of the droplet spectra at the cloud top results in a continuous feeding process of small cloud droplets. This feeding process can accelerate the speed of warm rain formation due to large differences in gravitational settling velocities between the small-sized cloud drops originally activated at the cloud top and large-sized cloud drops activated at the cloud base. The existence of the cloud drop activation process at the interface of cloud and clear air at the cloud summit allows the occurrence of the condensation freezing process. On the other hand, the processes of immersion freezing and contact freezing become significant when precipitation-sizedCette étude s'intéresse à la nucléation de la glace ainsi qu'a sa multiplication durant les processus chaud de formation de précipitation dans les cumulus. Les cinq principaux aspects de cette étude sont (1) le développement et l'application d'un modèle de nuages à deux cylindres incluant l'interaction des nuages et des aérosols. Ce modèle permet de faire des tests de sensibilité des processus microphysiques; (2) L'analyse de l'effet du changement de pression durant l'évolution du spectre de gouttelettes de nuages; (3) L'analyse de l'impact du spectre de gouttelettes de nuages sur la formation de glace; (4) L'analyse de l'impact de la concentration de noyaux de condensation de gouttelettes d'eau sur la glaciation des nuages ainsi que la dynamique des formations chaudes de précipitation dans les cumulus; (5) L'analyse de l'influence de la glace issue de bio-aérosols sur la multiplication rapide de glace. Un modèle à deux cylindres dépendant du temps reposant sur l'interaction entre les nuages et les aérosols est développé. Ce modèle inclut aussi les processus microphysiques des noyaux de condensation de nuages (CCN) et des noyaux de glace (IN). La variation de pression est explicitement représentée par un développement en série de Fourier Bessel. La masse des aérosols (CCN et IN) dans les hydrométéores est calculée explicitement dans les processus chauds de formation de la pluie ainsi que dans les processus de givrage des cristaux de glace. Le mouvement ascendant de l'air induit par le gradient de la pression dynamique entraine l'activation de gouttelettes de nuages à l'interface entre l'air et le nuage. L'élargissement du spectre de gouttelettes d'eau au sommet du nuage génère un processus d'alimentation continue de petites gouttelettes de nuages. Ce processus d'alimentation peut accélérer la vitesse de formation de pluie chaude car il existe une grande différence entre la vitesse de chute des petites gouttelettes
12
Duric, Mira. "The strategic defence initiative and the end of the Cold War : US policy and the Soviet Union." Thesis, Keele University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343246.
Full text
13
Ness, Hansen Mette. "Endring av rutiner som fremmer amming ved fødeenheteri Norge i perioden 1973-2009." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3631.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrunn: Norskehelsemyndigheter anbefaler i tråd med WHO / UNICEF at spedbarn bør få morsmelk som eneste næring i de første seks levemånedene. Ammingen bør opprettholdes gjennom hele det første leveåret samtidig med at fast føde introduseres. Rutiner ved føde-/ barselavdelingene har stor innvirkning på etablering og varighet av ammingen. Bruk av tilleggsnæring uten medisinsk grunnkan føretil at færre mødre fullammer og at de har en kortere ammeperiode. Mål: Studere endring av rutiner som fremmer amming ved norske fødeenheter med et spesielt fokus på perioden1991-2009, rett før og etter lanseringen av Mor-barn-vennlig initiativ (MBVI). Beskrive situasjonen med den fortløpende registreringen av amming og spedbarn som får tilleggsnæring ved landets fødeenheter. Metode: Ammeundersøkelsen som er gjennomført hvert 9. år, er en deskriptiv tverrsnitt studie. Fødeenhetene besvarte et tilsendt spørreskjema med spørsmål om avdelingens ammerutiner for det forutgående år, retrospektivt. En fortløpende registreringpå tilsendt registreringsskjema, av amming og bruk av tillegg til 20 friske, fullbårne barn ved hver fødeenhet, tilsammen 984 barn, ble gjort prospektivt. Resultat: Fødeenhetenes rutinerhar i hovedsak endret seg i tråd med helsemyndighetenes anbefalinger, bortsett frapraksis med å gi tilleggsnæring til friske, fullbårne barn som skal ammes. Registreringen av amming og bruk av tilleggbekrefter svarene fra Ammeundersøkelsen. 30 % av de registrerte barna fikk tilleggsnæring minst en gang under barseloppholdet, og de fleste fikk det av en ikke medisinsk grunn. Konklusjon: Unødig bruk av tilleggsnæring er en indikator på at avdelingens ammepraksis ikke fungerer tilfredsstilende.Background: In concurrence with the World Health Organization and UNICEF, Norwegian health authorities recommend exclusive breastfeeding for infants during the first six months of life. Thereafter, recommendations suggest the continuance of breastfeeding for the first year of life, while introducing complementary food. Routines in maternity wards have a huge impact on the establishment and duration of breastfeeding. Consequently, supplemental nutrition that lacks medical justification may reduce exclusive breastfeeding, and associates with early termination of breastfeeding. Objective: This study aimed to examine changes in maternity ward routines with regard to breastfeeding, focusing particularly on the period between 1991 and 2009, immediately before and after Norway launched the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. In addition we examined the continuous registration of breastfeeding and the provision of breast-milk substitutes in the maternity units. Methods: Norway conducts a descriptive and cross-sectional National Breastfeeding Survey (Ammeundersøkelsen) every 9th year. The 53 head midwifes responded retrospectively to a questionnaire about their units’ breastfeeding practices the preceding year. In addition each unit registered breastfeeding and the use of breast milk substitutes for 20 healthy term infants, a total of 984 infants, prospectively. Results: Except for non-medical use of breast-milk substitutes, changes in breastfeeding routines mostly adhered to health authority recommendations. The registration of breastfeeding and breast-milk substitutes confirms our findings. Thirty percent of registered babies received breast-milk substitutes at least once during their stay in the maternity ward, and most received a substitute due to a non-medical reason. Conclusion: The use of breast-milk substitutes for non-medical reasons indicates that hospitals’ breastfeeding routines are not satisfactory.
ISBN 978-91-86739-97-3
14
Matsubara, Nao. "The prospect for Okinawa's initiative : towards getting rid of the U.S. Military presence in Okinawa." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armm4344.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references (leaves [56]-[62]) Focusses on issues concerning the U.S. military presence on the island. Elaborates on Okinawa's suffering due to the military bases which have hindered Okinawa's economic development, created serious pollution and encouraged crime
15
Judge, Sean Michael. "The Turn of the Tide, July 1942-February 1943: Shifting Strategic Initiative in the Pacific in World War II." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1310056182.
Full text
16
Liao, Wen-Chun. "Effects of warm foot bathing on distal-proximal skin temperature gradient, PSG sleep and perceived sleep quality in older adults with sleep disturbance /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7352.
Full text
17
Lo, Kwok-kuen. "The changing pattern of dependency of a residents' organization : from initiation to consolidation /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12325867.
Full text
18
Andreoni, Edoardo. "Ronald Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative and transatlantic relations, 1983-86." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270343.
Full textAbstract:
My doctoral project investigates the impact of Ronald Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative on transatlantic relations during the period 1983-86. The dissertation focuses on the three main European powers, namely Britain, France, and the Federal Republic of Germany, and examines their reaction to SDI both individually and comparatively. The study exploits SDI’s position at the intersection of nuclear strategy, political ideology, Cold War diplomacy, and industrial politics to offer a multifaceted, multi-national, and primary source-based analysis of US-European relations during the Reagan Presidency. The picture of the transatlantic relationship which emerges from the dissertation is a complex and nuanced one. On the one hand, the analysis argues that relations across the Atlantic during the Reagan era cannot be reduced to a scenario of accelerating ‘drift’ between the United States and Western Europe. Instead, on SDI as well as on other matters, moments of acute friction alternated with a constantly renewed search for dialogue, cooperation, and compromise on the part of the Europeans and also, if to a lesser degree, of the Americans. On the other hand, the ‘exceptionalist’ ideology and worldview underpinning SDI, the prevailing indifference in Washington to its implications for NATO, and most importantly the persistent anti-nuclear rhetoric and ambitions associated with the initiative revealed a distinct lack of sensitivity to European interest by the Reagan administration. As the dissertation shows, the anti-nuclear drive inherent in SDI, which both reflected and reinforced Reagan’s deep-seated interest in nuclear abolition, constituted the most disruptive aspect of the initiative from the viewpoint of European leaders. In these respects, the SDI controversy epitomises the unilateral tendencies and increasingly divergent priorities from those of the European allies which characterised much of the Reagan administration’s foreign policy – making the 1980s a decade of recurrent tensions in transatlantic relations.
19
Bergmann, Helene. "Wettodry Initiative : Leading the Way to a Sustainable Fashion Supply Chain through E-Mass Customization." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16797.
Full textAbstract:
For this thesis, the concept of e-mass customization, supported through e-commerceand away from mass production is considered as an alternative and sustainable strategyfor fashion and textile companies of western markets. Since the need for selfactualization and individualization increases among western societies, in addition tosustainably conscious consumption patterns, mass customization is one strategicsolution to face current market trends. In accordance to that, it is aimed to find highlyflexible supply chain possibilities suitable for this volatile industry sector. This isaccompanied by exploring modern and innovative production and information andcommunication technologies to ease cost, location and risk advantages. The main effortis placed on digital textile printers since this technological integration is regarded as ahub that supports a digital, yet flexible supply chain setup, regardless of point ofproduction.Program: Master programme in Applied Textile Management
20
Knoblauch, William M. "Selling the Second Cold War: Antinuclear Cultural Activism and Reagan Era Foreign Policy." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1330967967.
Full text
21
Yuen, Dick Kwan Kenneth. "Brake disc life prediction for material evaluation and selection : the application of finite element and fatigue analysis to the prediction of crack initiation in brake discs during operation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363977.
Full text
22
Hatfield, Jeremy R. "For God and Country: The Religious Right, the Reagan Administration, and the Cold War." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1365158195.
Full text
23
Lin, Chorng-Yau. "The 'Blair initiative' and the development of ESDI/ESDP : continuity and change in British post-Cold War foreign policy towards European security and defence cooperation, 1989-2000." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441629.
Full text
24
Underwood, Aubrey. "The Apocalypse will be Televised: Representations of the Cold War on Network Television, 1976-1987." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_diss/27.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines how the major television networks, in conjunction with the Reagan administration, launched a lingering cloud of nuclear anxiety that helped to revive the Cold War during the 1980s. Placed within a larger political and cultural post-war context, this national preoccupation with a global show-down with the Soviet Union at times both hindered and bolstered Reagan’s image as the archetypal conservative, cowboy President that could free America from its liberal adolescent past now caustically referred to as “the sixties.” This stalwart image of Reagan, created and carefully managed by a number of highly-paid marketing executives, as one of the embodiment of peaceful deterrence, came under attack in the early 1980s when the “liberal” Nuclear Freeze movement showed signs of becoming politically threatening to the staunch conservative pledging to win the Cold War at any cost. And even if the nuclear freeze movement itself was not powerful enough to undergo the Herculean task of removing the President in 1984, the movement was compassionate enough to appeal to a mass audience, especially when framed in narrative form on network television. In the early 1980s, debates over the possibility of nuclear war and other pertinent Cold War related issues became much more democratized in their visibility on the network airwaves. However, the message disseminated from the networks was not placed in an educational framework, nor did these television productions clarify complicated nuclear issues such as nuclear winter theory and proliferation. I argue this renewed network attention on nuclear issues was not placed in an historical framework and likely confused American viewers because it routinely exposed audiences to both fact and fiction, undifferentiated at the level of the mass media.
25
Greenham, Felicity J. "How the New Labour Government Third Way policies (1998-2010) and the delivery of the New Deal for Communities (NDC) regeneration programme impacted on participation in health care in an area-based initiative. A longitudinal study using action-learning research methodology in a New Deal for Communities Area Based Initiative." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16922.
Full textAbstract:
The research examines New Labour’s Third Way policies and the impact New Deal for Communities (NDC) regeneration programme had on participation in health care. This longitudinal study (1998-2007) explores participatory joint working, welfare state, social capacity, health inequalities, citizen involvement and community capacity. It captures the experiences of local community and front-line workers whilst delivering the Health Focus Group (HFG) in the NDC programme. Using action learning reflection techniques, the study analyses a purposeful sample of 15 from the local community, front-line workers, and strategic respondents involved in the NDC health programme. The research demonstrated the NDC did increase participation, joint working and involvement of local actors 1998–2003. The importance of communication, leadership and relationships was recognised as an important catalyst for developing community governance models. The new action learning spaces initiated, designed and delivered 19 new models of joint local clinical, community and complementary health and well-being projects.
In 2001, New Labour introduced public private finance initiatives with the Primary Care Trust (PCT) which conflicted with the local actors’ involvement in the participatory joint decision-making. The reconfiguration of health and social care services and the new public health models introduced complex governance and monitoring models, further distancing the local actors from the process. Strategic staff changes in key governance positions also adversely affected the communication and trust established with local actors. The research concluded operational, tactical, and strategic alignment is necessary to maximise joint participation in decision-making.
26
Jex, Erin. "Canadian Foreign Aid and the Christian Right: Stephen Harper, Abortion, and the Global Culture Wars in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2006-2015." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36969.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis expands upon the concept of the global culture wars in sub-Saharan Africa from a Canadian perspective, focusing on the growing division within Canada between conservative, religious values and liberal, progressive ones (Caplan, 2012). This division led to a political and cultural realignment alongside the increased visibility and leadership of religious and faith communities in Canadian public and political life. Amidst this polarization, Conservative Party leader Stephen Harper was elected Prime Minister in February 2006. Under his leadership, a conservative, pro-family agenda was established. This agenda, which advocates a traditional understanding of family life and structure, in particular refers to a legally married, heterosexual couple with children. It was supported by the evangelical Christian population in Canada, which grew from a united religious community in Canada into a significant constituency of the Conservative Party. Harper’s tenure, coupled with the increased visibility and leadership of faith and religious communities significantly affected domestic and international policies during his tenure as Prime Minister, from 2006 to 2015. This thesis examines the Muskoka Initiative on Maternal, Child, and Newborn Health (Muskoka-MNCH) and shows how this initiative, which fostered anti-abortion rhetoric abroad, was utilized to appease the evangelical community’s anti-abortion position in Canada.
27
Bagayoko, Karim. "L'importance et l'avenir du coton en Afrique de l'Ouest : cas du Mali." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959321.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse vise à démontrer l'intérêt du coton dans l'économie africaine particulièrement malienne basée à 70% sur le secteur primaire dans lequel la part de l'agriculture est estimée à environ 60 à 70% avec un taux d'employabilité dépassant plus de 60% de la population active. Aussi, elle soulève des interrogations quant au devenir de cette culture au regard des perturbations que connaît depuis plus d'une décennie le marché mondial du coton. Ce faisant, dans un premier temps, et sur plusieurs périodes, l'analyse des données statistiques à travers les tableaux, les graphiques, les figures et mêmes des cartes a permis de mettre en évidence l'importance pluridimensionnelle (économique, socioculturelle et environnementale, etc.) de cette culture au triple plan mondial, africain et notamment malien. Face, au grand intérêt suscité par la production du coton, des divergences vont naître à plusieurs niveaux conduisant à ce qu'on a appelé la guerre du coton. Ensuite, si d'une part les raisons historiques et géopolitiques ont été avancées pour justifier cette guerre autour du coton, d'autre part, il a été rappelé que celle-ci se manifeste à travers les nombreuses négociations et discussions qui s'enlisent sur le dossier coton notamment au niveau de l'Organisation Mondiale du Commerce qui, peine à faire respecter, ses propres règles de base (visant la suppression des barrières tarifaires et non tarifaires ) par certains pays appelés "Price makers". Autre manifestation de la guerre du coton a été expliquée par le volume important des subventions américaines, européennes et chinoises versées sous toutes les formes par les pays développés à leurs producteurs au détriment de ceux des pays pauvres singulièrement africains. Plusieurs études à l'appui des modèles et outils d'analyse d'impacts ont confirmé la corrélation négative entre les subventions et le cours mondial du coton exprimé par l'indice Cotlook A. A cet effet, il s'avère que les subventions versées par les pays développés se traduisent par une baisse du cours mondial du coton en moyenne de 15% (entre 3 à 28% selon les cas). Pour arrêter cette pratique des subventions, plusieurs ententes se sont constituées au premier chef, l'Initiative Sectorielle Africaine constituée des pays du C4 depuis la conférence ministérielle de Cancun en septembre 2003 et au second, viennent les initiatives au sein de l'UEMOA et du partenariat UE-Afrique autour du dossier coton. Enfin, dans la dernière partie de ce travail, le problème du coton va au-delà des questions de subventions et de prix qui semblent conjoncturelles. Ainsi, certains chercheurs proposent, outre l'abandon des subventions, une réforme structurelle des filières cotonnières en passant par la libéralisation du secteur et la valorisation (transformation) du coton et de ses sous produits, l'opportunité de cultures alternatives au coton conventionnel, sans oublier la formalisation des aides bilatérales et multilatérales afin de soutenir en perspective les actions envisagées.
28
Öhnander, Fred. "An Attempt Towards FE-Modelling of Fracture Propagation in Railway Wheels." Thesis, KTH, Spårfordon, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-234468.
Full textAbstract:
The demand for higher velocities and heavier axle loads for freight trains leads to higher forces on the railway wheels which in turn lead to an increase in stresses on and below the surface of the wheel-rail contact. By time, this induces wear on the wheels which consequently lead to higher maintenance costs and in some cases accidents. The ability to predict the evolution of wheel profiles due to uniform wear has been demonstrated with a rather accurate precision in most operational conditions. These wear models are based on wear coefficients and since they are not usually valid for real operational conditions, the models are generally calibrated against real-life scenarios in order to adjust the coefficients from test conditions to real-life lubrication conditions. This engineering approach can be useful in prediction of wear in systems where the materials and contact conditions do not vary. However, when addressing material development focused on reducing specific damage modes, the approach is of limited use because the obtained wear coefficients are not directly related to material properties. Therefore, attempts towards developing physical fracture propagation models that relates to the contact conditions and material properties have been made. The purpose has been to retrieve vital information about where a fracture initiates and how it propagates. In the long run, it is of great interest to be able to attain information about how a material particle is removed from the contact surface. Studies for this type of model was done in the 70’s and 80’s mainly with pin-disk experiments but has not been utilized in the specific field of wheel-rail contact. The thesis is part of the FR8RAIL project arranged by the European rail initiative Shift2Rail. Literature studies have been the basis for the thesis in order to gain vital insights into fracture mechanics and other related fields. The physical fracture propagation models have been constructed in the FE software Abaqus with the implementation of the XFEM. For the 2D model, the fracture initiates at the top of the implanted inclusion when the friction coefficient is and propagates upwards a few elements. For , the fracture initiates at the right surface boundary where the pressure distribution and traction is applied. The fracture propagation angle increases relative to the surface as the friction coefficient value is increased. The fracture for the 3D model extends broader compared to the 2D model at the top of the inclusion in the case of . The fracture initiates at the same surface location as for the 2D model for . The fracture propagation is however non-existent due to convergence problems. The FE-models constructed are initial steps towards analysing the fracture propagation and closely related phenomena for a railway freight wheel in detail. At the end of the thesis, the simplified models give mainly information about the fracture initiation, propagation and its patterns. From this first phase, further adjustments and improvements can take place in order to eliminate the margins of error. In the long run, fully integrated models with further implementations such as detailed microstructure for the contact conditions, plastic behaviour for the material, and complete three-dimensional models can finally be employed.Efterfrågan på högre hastigheter och tyngre axelbelastningar för godståg leder till högre krafter på järnvägshjulen som i sin tur leder till ökade spänningar på och under ytan vid hjul-räl-kontakten. Med tiden induceras slitage på hjulen som följaktligen leder till höga underhållskostnader och i vissa fall olyckor. Förmågan att förutse utvecklingen av hjulprofiler på grund av enhetligt slitage har visats kunna ske med en noggrann precision under de flesta driftsförhållanden. Dessa slitagemodeller bygger på slitagekoefficienter, och eftersom de vanligtvis inte är giltiga under realistiska driftsförhållanden är modellerna i allmänhet kalibrerade mot verkliga händelseförlopp för att justera koefficienterna från testförhållandena till realistiska smörjförhållanden. Detta tekniska tillvägagångssätt kan vara användbart vid prognos av slitage i system där material och kontaktförhållanden inte varierar. När man addresserar materialutveckling inriktad på att reducera specifika skadelägen är emellertid tillvägagångssättet av begränsad användning eftersom de erhållna slitagekoefficienterna inte är direkt relaterade till materialegenskaper. Därför har försök gjorts till att utveckla fysikaliska sprickbildningsmodeller som relateras till kontaktförhållanden och materialegenskaper. Syftet har varit att erhålla viktig information om var en spricka initieras och hur den fortskrider. I det långa loppet är det även av stor vikt att kunna erhålla information om hur en materialpartikel avlägsnas från kontaktytan. Studier för denna typ av modeller har gjorts på 70- och 80-talet i huvudsak med stift- och skivexperiment men har inte använts inom det specifika området för hjul-räl-kontakt. Avhandligen ingår i FR8RAIL-projektet som arrangeras av det europeiska järnvägsinitiativet Shift2Rail. Literaturstudier har varit grunden för avhandlingen för att få väsentlig insikt i frakturmekanik och andra relaterade områden. De fysiska sprickbildningsmodellerna har konstrueras i FE-mjukvaran Abaqus med XFEM som implementering. För 2D-modellen initieras sprickan överst vid den implanterade imperfektionen när friktionskoefficienten är och propagerar uppåt några få element. För initieras sprickan på högra ytgränsen där tryckfördelning och friktionskraft appliceras. Utbredningsvinkeln för sprickan ökar relativt till ytan då friktionskoefficienten ökar. Sprickan för 3D-modellen breder ut sig mer jämfört med 2D-modellen överst vid imperfektionen då . Sprickan initieras på samma ytplats som för 2D-modellen vid . Sprickbildningen är dock obefintlig på grund av konvergensproblem. De konstruerade FE-modellerna är initiala steg mot att analysera sprickutbredningen och närbesläktade fenomen för ett godstågs järnvägshjul i detalj. I slutet av avhandlingen ger de förenklade modellerna huvudsakligen information om sprickinitiering, utbredning och dess mönster. Ytterligare justeringar och förbättringar kan ske efter denna första fas i syfte att eliminera felmarginalerna. På lång sikt kan slutligen helt integrerande modeller med ytterligare implementeringar såsom detaljerad mikrostruktur för kontaktförhållandena, oelastiskt materialbeteende och kompletta tredimensionella modeller användas.
FR8RAIL
29
Smrž, Peter. "Odolnost slinutého karbidu vůči vzniku a šíření tepelných trhlin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230951.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to compare the relationship of physical-mechanical properties of tool materials made of WC-Co sintered carbides with their resistance to initiation and propagation of thermal cracks. The paper presents the results of testing the basic physical-mechanical properties of the three samples sintered carbides with different percentage of Co binder. Next, this thesis describes the progress and results of quench experiment and cutting tests using, which was described resistance of the tested samples to thermal and mechanical shock, depending on the values of physical-mechanical properties.
30
Куришко, Олександр Олександрович, Александр Александрович Курышко, and Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Kuryshkо. "Національна система фінансового моніторингу в Україні." Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/51405.
Full textAbstract:
У дисертаційній роботі розвинуто категоріально-понятійний апарат дослідження ФМ, досліджено концептуальні основи формування НСФМ, розвинуто критерії ідентифікації моделей її побудови, оцінено ефективність її функціонування в Україні; виявлено специфіку відносин між суб’єктами НСФМ України на різних рівнях і розроблено пропозиції щодо підвищення рівня координації їх діяльності; удосконалено наукові засади оцінювання ризику використання країни в процесах ЛДОЗШ, здійснено практичні розрахунки для України; удосконалено підхід до оцінювання ділової репутації ініціатора фінансової операції, розроблено економетричну модель оцінювання ризику участі страхувальника в процесах ЛДОЗШ через страхову компанію.The dissertation develops the categorical-conceptual apparatus of study of financial monitoring, investigates the conceptual basis of formation of the national system of financial monitoring, develops the criteria for identifying models of its construction, estimates the efficiency of its operating in Ukraine; it discovers the specific relationship between the subjects of the national system of financial monitoring of Ukraine for various levels and develops the proposals for improving the level of coordination of their activities; it improves the scientific basis for risk assessment of using country in the process of legalization of income obtained by criminal way, makes practical calculations for Ukraine; it improves the approach to the evaluation of goodwill of initiator of financial transaction, develops an econometric model for risk assessment participation of insurer in the process of legalization of income obtained by criminal way through the insurance company.
31
Searle, Deane. "Low Intensity Conflict: Contemporary Approaches and Strategic Thinking." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2591.
Full textAbstract:
Low Intensity Conflict (LIC) is a significant feature of the contemporary world and it is a particular challenge to the armed forces of many states which are involved is such conflict, or are likely to become so. This thesis is not concerned with how such difficult conflict situations arise. Rather it is concerned with how, from the point of view of the state, they may be contained and ultimately brought to a satisfactory resolution. The work is thus concerned with the practicalities of ending LIC. More specifically, the purpose of this research is to establish a framework of doctrinal and military principles applicable to the prevention and resolution of LIC. The principles of this thesis are based in numerous historical examples of LIC and six in depth case studies. These distilled principles are analysed in two central chapters, and are then applied in two latter defence force chapters so as to ensure there practicality and resilience. Numerous defence academics and military practitioners have been consulted in the production of this thesis; their contribution has further reinforced the functionality of the principles examined in this research. The research illustrates the criticality of a holistic approach to LIC. The function of this approach is to guarantee the stability of the sovereign state, by unifying civil, police, intelligence and military services. The effectiveness of the military elements must also be ensured, as military force is central to the suppression of LIC. Consequently, the research makes strategic and operational prescriptions, so as to improve the capability of defence forces that are concerned with preventing or resolving LIC.
32
Tachibana, Tomoaki. "L’intensification de la vie : La pensée religieuse de Fichte (1799-1806)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAL023.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail est une tentative de penser, avec Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), les rapports entre vie et philosophie. Après 1799 ceux-ci s’avancent en effet comme fil conducteur de l’œuvre fichtéenne. Notre hypothèse est celle-ci : la philosophie, c’est-à-dire la Doctrine de la science pour Fichte, apporte une intensification de la vie humaine, dans la mesure où l’intérêt de cette vie advient en se fondant sur la science. La philosophie est par conséquent, dans sa signification essentielle, une doctrine de la vie. Le philosopher est pour chacun un acte en lequel accomplir sa vie en son sens le plus haut.Dans cette optique, cette thèse se divise en trois parties. Dans la première partie, en suivant en détail le débat extraordinairement dense, à propos de l’héritage kantien, entre Fichte et Jacobi, nous voyons que l’origine de ce débat relève de la question de la réalité des objets extérieurs au sujet pensant. Les textes de référence de cette partie sont ainsi la Lettre ouverte de Jacobi à Fichte datée de mars 1799 et la Destination de l’homme de 1800. Ensuite, nous discutons le rapport d’interpénétration de la vie et de la philosophie, en abordant les écrits théoriques rédigés autour de 1804-1805. En introduisant dans son système la conception jacobienne de la vie, ainsi que l’idée schellingienne de l’absolu, Fichte décrit l’être comme seul vivant et inconcevable. Cette tâche, proprement fichtéenne et inévitablement difficile pour la philosophie, exige que le savoir soit reconduit à l’être et que celui-ci se déploie comme celui-là. La Doctrine de la science se comprend donc elle-même comme double chemin. Enfin, à travers les deux œuvres populaires de 1805-1806, le Caractère de l’époque actuelle et l’Initiation à la vie bienheureuse, la troisième partie montre qu’un tel enseignement de la Doctrine de la science rejoint l’enseignement du christianisme, et plus précisément celui de l’Évangile de Jean ; Fichte justifie là l’identité de sa doctrine de l’être-là et du logos du Prologue du quatrième Évangile. Seul le sacrifice de soi par l’amour vers l’être ou Dieu rend possible de réconcilier l’être-là et l’être. Cet amour réciproque, en effet, permet que l’homme et Dieu s’immergent l’un dans l’autre : « celui qui demeure dans l’amour demeure en Dieu et Dieu demeure en lui » (1 Jn 4, 16).Le plus difficile à comprendre pour la philosophie de Fichte se formule par la question suivante : comment comprendre à la fois l’immanence de l’être en l’être-là et leur rupture ? La pensée religieuse de Fichte s’avance ici sous son visage le plus propre. L’être humain se comprend lui-même en tant qu’être-là de l’être ; il voit le soi dans un rapport à l’être. Cela signifie qu’il voit à la fois son affaiblissement et l’aspiration qui le porte vers l’être. C’est en elle que l’homme se sacrifie. Dans un tel sacrifice de soi, le plus radical, l’homme n’est cependant pas supprimé, mais il est écarté de soi-même. Il se dépasse soi-même dans ce sacrifice. Or ceci n’est rien d’autre que l’intensification de son propre sens d’être. La Doctrine de la science est donc, en ce sens, la tentative de penser cette grande affirmation de soiThis work is an attempt to think, with Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), about the relationship between life and philosophy. After 1799, these came forward as the main problem of the Fichtean work. Our hypothesis is: philosophy, that is, the Science of Knowledge for Fichte, brings an intensification of human life, insofar as the interest of this life occurs on the basis of science. Philosophy is therefore, in its essential meaning, a doctrine of life. To philosophize it is for each one an act in which to accomplish his life in its highest sense.From this perspective, my PhD thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, by following in detail the extraordinarily dense debate on the Kantian heritage between Fichte and Jacobi, we see that the origin of this debate lies in the question of the reality of objects outside the thinking subject. The reference texts in this part are Jacobi's Open Letter to Fichte dated March 1799 and the Vocation of Man (1800). Then, we discuss the interpenetration of life and philosophy, addressing the theoretical writings written around 1804-1805. By introducing the Jacobian conception of life into the system of his philosophy, as well as the Schellingian idea of the absolute, Fichte describes the being as the only living and inconceivable being. This task, which is strictly a Fichtean and inevitably difficult for philosophy, requires that knowledge be reduced to the being and the being be deployed as the knowledge. The Science of Knowledge therefore understands itself as a double path. Finally, through the two popular works of 1805-1806, the Characteristics of the Present Age and the Way towards the Blessed Life, the third part shows that Fichte’s Science of Knowledge joins Christianity, and more precisely that of the Gospel of John; Fichte justifies the identity of his doctrine of the “being there (Dasein)” and the logos of the Prologue of the fourth Gospel. Only self-sacrifice through love towards the being or God makes it possible to reconcile the being there and the being. This reciprocal love, in fact, allows man and God to immerse themselves in each other: “Whoever lives in love lives in God, and God in them” (1 Jn 4:16).The most difficult question for Fichte's philosophy to understand is the following: how to understand both the immanence of the being in “being there” and their rupture? Fichte's religious thought shows here his own character. The human being understands himself as the being there of the being; he sees the self in a relationship with the being. This means that he sees both his weakening and the aspiration that leads him to being. It is in it that man sacrifices himself. In such a self-sacrifice, the most radical, man is not suppressed, however, but he is excluded from himself. He surpasses himself in this sacrifice. But this is nothing more than the intensification of one's own sense of being. The Science of Knowledge is, in this sense, the attempt to think about the great self-assertion of human being
33
Finau, Emily. "Transparency and learning spaces." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39593.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the various meanings and implications of transparency in architecture and in learning environments in particular. Architectural transparency, achieved through choice of materials and principles of formal composition, creates a diversity of relationships and can facilitate visual, conceptual, and functional clarity as well as offering simultaneous perception of different spaces. It offers a range of phenomenological qualities and so provides an opportunity to explore and complicate such dichotomies as translucency and opacity, openness and closure, and public space and private space.
While celebrated throughout modern and contemporary architecture, transparency raises issues of privacy and safety even as it breaks down hierarchies and social boundaries. The research-based design of transparency in a school building necessitates careful planning to achieve a balance between the access to views, natural light, fresh air, and social interaction that transparency may bring and the continuing obligation to provide a safe, secure environment for schoolchildren.
34
Scarlato, Michele. "Sicurezza di rete, analisi del traffico e monitoraggio." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3223/.
Full textAbstract:
Il lavoro è stato suddiviso in tre macro-aree.
Una prima riguardante un'analisi teorica di come funzionano le intrusioni, di quali software vengono utilizzati per compierle, e di come proteggersi (usando i dispositivi che in termine generico si possono riconoscere come i firewall).
Una seconda macro-area che analizza un'intrusione avvenuta dall'esterno verso dei server sensibili di una rete LAN.
Questa analisi viene condotta sui file catturati dalle due interfacce di rete configurate in modalità promiscua su una sonda presente nella LAN.
Le interfacce sono due per potersi interfacciare a due segmenti di LAN aventi due maschere
di sotto-rete differenti. L'attacco viene analizzato mediante vari software.
Si può infatti definire una terza parte del lavoro, la parte dove vengono analizzati i file
catturati dalle due interfacce con i software che prima si occupano di analizzare i dati di
contenuto completo, come Wireshark, poi dei software che si occupano di analizzare i dati di
sessione che sono stati trattati con Argus, e infine i dati di tipo statistico che sono stati trattati
con Ntop.
Il penultimo capitolo, quello prima delle conclusioni, invece tratta l'installazione di Nagios, e
la sua configurazione per il monitoraggio attraverso plugin dello spazio di disco rimanente su
una macchina agent remota, e sui servizi MySql e DNS. Ovviamente Nagios può essere
configurato per monitorare ogni tipo di servizio offerto sulla rete.
35
Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
36
Fenollosa, Artés Felip. "Contribució a l'estudi de la impressió 3D per a la fabricació de models per facilitar l'assaig d'operacions quirúrgiques de tumors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667421.
Full textAbstract:
La present tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en el repte d’aconseguir, mitjançant Fabricació Additiva (FA), models per a assaig quirúrgic, sota la premissa que els equips per fer-los haurien de ser accessibles a l’àmbit hospitalari. L’objectiu és facilitar l’extensió de l’ús dels prototips com a eina de preparació d’operacions quirúrgiques, transformant la pràctica mèdica actual de la mateixa manera que en el seu moment ho van fer tecnologies com les que van facilitar l’ús de radiografies. El motiu d’utilitzar FA, en lloc de tecnologies més tradicionals, és la seva capacitat de materialitzar de forma directa les dades digitals obtingudes de l’anatomia del pacient mitjançant sistemes d’escanejat tridimensional, fent possible l’obtenció de models personalitzats. Els resultats es centren en la generació de nou coneixement sobre com aconseguir equipaments d’impressió 3D multimaterials accessibles que permetin l’obtenció de models mimètics respecte als teixits vius. Per facilitar aquesta buscada extensió de la tecnologia, s’ha focalitzat en les tecnologies de codi obert com la Fabricació per Filament Fos (FFF) i similars basades en líquids catalitzables. La recerca s’alinea dins l’activitat de desenvolupament de la FA al CIM UPC, i en aquest àmbit concret amb la col·laboració amb l’Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloc de la tesi inclou la descripció de l’estat de l’art, detallant les tecnologies existents i la seva aplicació a l’entorn mèdic. S’han establert per primer cop unes bases de caracterització dels teixits vius -sobretot tous- per donar suport a la selecció de materials que els puguin mimetitzar en un procés de FA, a efectes de millorar l’experiència d’assaig dels cirurgians. El caràcter rígid dels materials majoritàriament usats en impressió 3D els fa poc útils per simular tumors i altres referències anatòmiques. De forma successiva, es tracten paràmetres com la densitat, la viscoelasticitat, la caracterització dels materials tous a la indústria, l’estudi del mòdul elàstic de teixits tous i vasos, la duresa d’aquests, i requeriments com l’esterilització dels models. El segon bloc comença explorant la impressió 3D mitjançant FFF. Es classifiquen les variants del procés des del punt de vista de la multimaterialitat, essencial per fer models d’assaig quirúrgic, diferenciant entre solucions multibroquet i de barreja al capçal. S’ha inclòs l’estudi de materials (filaments i líquids) que serien més útils per mimetitzar teixits tous. Es constata com en els líquids, en comparació amb els filaments, la complexitat del treball en processos de FA és més elevada, i es determinen formes d’imprimir materials molt tous. Per acabar, s’exposen sis casos reals de col·laboració amb l’HJSD, una selecció d’aquells en els que el doctorand ha intervingut en els darrers anys. L’origen es troba en la dificultat de l’abordatge d’operacions de resecció de tumors infantils com el neuroblastoma, i a la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalment, el Bloc 3 té per objecte explorar nombrosos conceptes (fins a 8), activitat completada al llarg dels darrers cinc anys amb el suport dels mitjans del CIM UPC i de l’activitat associada a treballs finals d’estudis d’estudiants de la UPC, arribant-se a materialitzar equipaments experimentals per validar-los. La recerca ampla i sistemàtica al respecte fa que s’estigui més a prop de disposar d’una solució d’impressió 3D multimaterial de sobretaula. Es determina que la millor via de progrés és la de disposar d’una pluralitat de capçals independents a fi de capacitar la impressora 3D per integrar diversos conceptes estudiats, materialitzant-se una possible solució. Cloent la tesi, es planteja com seria un equipament d’impressió 3D per a models d’assaig quirúrgic, a fi de servir de base per a futurs desenvolupaments.La presente tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el reto de conseguir, mediante Fabricación Aditiva (FA), modelos para ensayo quirúrgico, bajo la premisa que los equipos para obtenerlos tendrían que ser accesibles al ámbito hospitalario. El objetivo es facilitar la extensión del uso de modelos como herramienta de preparación de operaciones quirúrgicas, transformando la práctica médica actual de la misma manera que, en su momento, lo hicieron tecnologías como las que facilitaron el uso de radiografías. El motivo de utilizar FA, en lugar de tecnologías más tradicionales, es su capacidad de materializar de forma directa los datos digitales obtenidos de la anatomía del paciente mediante sistemas de escaneado tridimensional, haciendo posible la obtención de modelos personalizados. Los resultados se centran en la generación de nuevo conocimiento para conseguir equipamientos de impresión 3D multimateriales accesibles que permitan la obtención de modelos miméticos respecto a los tejidos vivos. Para facilitar la buscada extensión de la tecnología, se ha focalizado en las tecnologías de código abierto como la Fabricación por Hilo Fundido (FFF) y similares basadas en líquidos catalizables. Esta investigación se alinea dentro de la actividad de desarrollo de la FA en el CIM UPC, y en este ámbito concreto con la colaboración con el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloque de la tesis incluye la descripción del estado del arte, detallando las tecnologías existentes y su aplicación al entorno médico. Se han establecido por primera vez unas bases de caracterización de los tejidos vivos – principalmente blandos – para dar apoyo a la selección de materiales que los puedan mimetizar en un proceso de FA, a efectos de mejorar la experiencia de ensayo de los cirujanos. El carácter rígido de los materiales mayoritariamente usados en impresión 3D los hace poco útiles para simular tumores y otras referencias anatómicas. De forma sucesiva, se tratan parámetros como la densidad, la viscoelasticidad, la caracterización de materiales blandos en la industria, el estudio del módulo elástico de tejidos blandos y vasos, la dureza de los mismos, y requerimientos como la esterilización de los modelos. El segundo bloque empieza explorando la impresión 3D mediante FFF. Se clasifican las variantes del proceso desde el punto de vista de la multimaterialidad, esencial para hacer modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, diferenciando entre soluciones multiboquilla y de mezcla en el cabezal. Se ha incluido el estudio de materiales (filamentos y líquidos) que serían más útiles para mimetizar tejidos blandos. Se constata como en los líquidos, en comparación con los filamentos, la complejidad del trabajo en procesos de FA es más elevada, y se determinan formas de imprimir materiales muy blandos. Para acabar, se exponen seis casos reales de colaboración con el HJSD, una selección de aquellos en los que el doctorando ha intervenido en los últimos años. El origen se encuentra en la dificultad del abordaje de operaciones de resección de tumores infantiles como el neuroblastoma, y en la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalmente, el Bloque 3 desarrolla numerosos conceptos (hasta 8), actividad completada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años con el apoyo de los medios del CIM UPC y de la actividad asociada a trabajos finales de estudios de estudiantes de la UPC, llegándose a materializar equipamientos experimentales para validarlos. La investigación amplia y sistemática al respecto hace que se esté más cerca de disponer de una solución de impresión 3D multimaterial de sobremesa. Se determina que la mejor vía de progreso es la de disponer de una pluralidad de cabezales independientes, a fin de capacitar la impresora 3D para integrar diversos conceptos estudiados, materializándose una posible solución. Para cerrar la tesis, se plantea cómo sería un equipamiento de impresión 3D para modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, a fin de servir de base para futuros desarrollos.
37
Cherkasova, Anna 1987. "War initiation by weaker powers : Georgia-Russia war 2008." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-08-2003.
Full textAbstract:
This paper tries to determine to what extent US diplomatic and military support for Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries influences these countries’ decisions to become more assertive in the region, thereby provoking Russia’s aggressive behavior. It employs Robert Jervis’s framework of ‘deterrence and perception’ which, among other things, suggests that a weaker state will or will not be deterred from initiating a conflict against its stronger adversary depending on whether this state receives strong signals of third-party support and whether this state receives strong signals of threat. The case studies explored are Georgia and Ukraine, with particular attention to both countries’ relations with the United States (as the source for third-party support) and Russia (as the source for threat). The main finding is that Georgia’s perception of the US support was not sufficient to motivate Georgia to invade South Ossetia and thereby initiate a five-day war with Russia in August 2008. Georgia’s perception of Russia’s threat to carry out the policy of “creeping annexation” of South Ossetia and Abkhazia was the primary motivator behind Georgia’s behavior.text
38
HE, ZHI-GANG, and 何志剛. "Exploring the strategic implications of the Belt and Road Initiative from the perspective of Sun Tzu's Art of War." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rj59k4.
Full textAbstract:
碩士華夏科技大學
資訊管理系碩士在職專班
107
During Xi Jinping’s visits to Kazakhstan and Indonesia, he successively proposed two important national strategies, the "Silk Road Economic Belt" and the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road", collectively known as the "Belt and Road". This article hopes to use "The Grandson." The strategic guidance of the Art of War is to study the practice of Sun Yat-sen's art of the "One Belt, One Road" in mainland China through the viewpoint of "striking troops". This is the motivation for me to study this strategy. Over 2,100 years ago ,Changqian took up the post of Western Regions and opened up the Silk Road on the land that connects East and West to the Eurasia .Further to rise and develop the Maritime Silk Road in Qin and Han Dynasties. Both Silk Roads became the economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West. Since then, these roads become the significant traffic passageway for Chinese and Western. Nowadays, countries around the world are getting closer and closer. No one can rely on its own strength for developing and promoting .Strengthening regional cooperation has become a grand trend of international economic development. In September and October of 2013,XiJinping proposed the strategic concept of jointly building “the Silk road Economic Belt”and“the 21stCentury maritime Silk Road”during the visits to Central Asia and Southeast Asian countries. It has received wide attention from the international community and positive response by the countries in the region. It’s called the “Belt and Road” and it is the strategic idea proposed for the CCP in accordance with the changes in global economic development, international and regional situation variation, also to confront the situation of the fundamental national conditions and development of the mainland for strengthening cooperation and complotting development with countries in the region. “Sun Tzu’s Art of War”is a wisdom treasury in the excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation back to 2,500 years ago. It is still widely used in military,political,economic,cultural and other fields nowadays .“Sun Tzu’s Art of War”can become the guidance of the King, the guidance of the General,and the guidance of the Merchant. The CCP is good at using the“Sun Tzu’s Art of War”.This thesis will explore how the CCP applied the“Sun Tzu’s Art of War” to direct the strategic decision of the “Belt and Road” for achieving the win-win situation of the regional and the global economics with the wisdom of sages and virtuous to elaborate the absolute advantages.
39
Chanunkha, Robert Amos. "Music education in Malawi : the crisis and the way forward." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28200.
Full textAbstract:
Policy goals stipulated by the Ministry of Education of the post-colonial government of Malawi advocate music education and inclusion of indigenous music in education. In spite of such stipulations, music education is non-practical and the integration of indigenous music in education is unsatisfactory. This thesis attempts to address these issues while focusing on the meaning and purpose of music to Malawians. The thesis begins by tracing the history of music in classroom education in Malawi from 1875 to the present with an attempt to investigate the factors that have contributed to the current crisis in music in schools. This historical-ethnographic study sets out to demonstrate that the ideals and practices of foreign religions as well as Western education denied indigenous music of Malawians a place in classroom education as well as inside and outside the church or the mosque. The thesis strives to portray the consequences of this denial on issues of purpose, outcome, content, methodology and support for music education; trends in indigenous music in ethnic societies; policy goals and statements of music education in the Malawian education; and attitude towards music and music education. Adopting the approaches of both musicology and ethnomusicology, the thesis discusses the role played by indigenous music in ethnic societies and the rationalised views of this music as provided by the musically informed native Malawian practitioners. This discussion further demonstrates how indigenous music structures reflect the social realities of Malawians such as the sharing of resources and theories of life. The thesis argues musical issues that would be the basis for remedying the crisis in music education. A philosophical proposition for modern music education, and the significance of indigenous music in classroom education are argued. An introduction to music education that promotes the use of indigenous music in study and performance is suggested. Sources relied on in the thesis include published and unpublished studies of music and music education; audio/video recordings; and field research undertaken to obtain information about existing indigenous music and their knowledge systems known in Malawian ethnic societies, but not yet covered by existing publications.Thesis (DMus)--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Music
unrestricted
40
Paulino, Rosario Leandra. ""U.S.-Mexican Counterdrug Security Cooperation: The Merida Initiative a Possible Solution?"." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-368873.
Full textAbstract:
Mexico and the United States share not only an approximately 3000 km border but also important roles concerning drug traffic. With the U.S. as the major consumer and Mexico as its principal supplier, they make the perfect supply and demand equation. As a result, they share the threats related to drug traffic which affects the political, social, and economic level of both countries. During the last decade, the Mexican drug cartels have gained control of the drug entering the United States, so Mexico is a crucial issue in drug matters to their American neighbors. Currently, both nations accepted a shared responsibility in drug traffic cases and are working hand in hand to limit the capabilities of DTOs, but there remains the open question if such efforts are significantly useful. This thesis presents an analysis of the U.S. influence on the escalation of the fight against illicit drugs in Mexico during Bush and Obama administrations and the effectiveness of the counter-drug assistance program: the Merida Initiative. I argue that the Merida Initiative has been successful improving the U.S.-Mexican relations regarding bilateral counter-drug policies. However, the Mexican drug cartels have reached their momentum and seem to be leading the drug market. Besides, it is necessary to pursue a critical...
41
Sousa, Fábio André Esteves. "Modelo de avaliação de usabilidade e acessibilidade para os websites da Administração Pública Portuguesa: Portal Cultura Açores." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/11587.
Full textAbstract:
Nos dias de hoje a Usabilidade e Acessibilidade Web são essenciais para garantir o
acesso à Internet a todas as pessoas, principalmente àquelas com mobilidade reduzida ou
deficiência que mesmo na atualidade, em indeterminadas situações, são impossibilitadas
de alcançar conteúdos por existirem barreiras específicas que lhes impedem o acesso, isto
é, que lhes impossibilitam de perceber, entender, navegar, interagir e até criar conteúdos
na Web.
Por esse facto, nos dias correntes existem comunidades como o World Wide Web
Consortium (W3C) que, através da sua Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI), definem diretrizes tais como as Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) e as Accessible Rich Internet
Applications (WAI-ARIA), ou mesmo iniciativas governamentais, através de Decretos-Lei,
que têm o intuito de reduzir estas barreiras de acessibilidade em diversos contextos, não
só na Web mas também diariamente no acesso a instalações, equipamentos, transportes,
informação, entre outros, quer de uso público ou mesmo privado e de domínio coletivo. É
aqui que entra o conceito de Design Universal, que nada mais é que uma mentalidade que
promova a usabilidade e acessibilidade, não como caridade, mas como algo que facilita o
acesso a todos, ou seja, um direito comum, através da criação de ambientes, produtos e
serviços que possam ser usados comummente independentemente da condição a que se
está sujeito.
Os Websites da Administração Pública Portuguesa devem ser um exemplo disso
mesmo. Acontece, no entanto, que em 2019 apenas 3 dos seus 124 Websites oficiais respeitavam as diretrizes WCAG 2.1, ou mesmo as diretrizes WAI-ARIA 1.1, ao contrário do que indica o Decreto-lei n.º 83/2018 que obriga todos os Websites da Administração Pública a darem resposta às mesmas (Público, 2019). Para eliminar este problema apresentarei um Modelo que visa auxiliar as entidades governamentais na avaliação da Usabilidade e Acessibilidade Web dos seus portais, dando a conhecer e ensinando a aplicar um
conjunto de métodos que possibilitam a deteção de erros relativamente ao que aconselham as diretrizes WCAG 2.1 e WAI-ARIA 1.1. Este Modelo será explicado tendo como
exemplo de aplicação o Portal Cultura Açores, da Direção Regional da Cultura dos Açores.Nowadays, Web Usability and Accessibility are essential to guarantee Internet access to all people, especially to those with reduced mobility or disability who even today, in indeterminate situations, are unable to reach contents due to specific barriers that prevent them from accessing, that is, that make it impossible for them to perceive, understand, navigate, interact and even create contents on the Web. For this fact, on current days there are communities such as the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) which, through their Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI), define guidelines such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and the Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI-ARIA), or even government initiatives, through a Decree-Law, which aims to reduce these accessibility barriers on different contexts, not only on the Web, but also on a daily basis, in accessing facilities, equipment, transport, information, among others, whether for public or even private use and in the collective domain. This is where the concept of Universal Design comes in, which is nothing more than a mentality that promotes usability and accessibility, not as charity, but as something that facilitates access for everyone as a common right, through the creation of environments, products and services that can be commonly used regardless of the condition to which the person are subject. The Portuguese Public Administration Websites should be an example of this. It happens, however, that in 2019 only 3 of their 124 official Websites complied with the WCAG 2.1 guidelines, or even the WAI-ARIA 1.1 guidelines, on the contrary of what is indicated in Decree-Law No. 83/2018, which obligates all Public Administration Websites to respond to them (Público, 2019). To eliminate this problem, I will present a Model that aims to assist government entities in evaluating the Usability and Web Accessibility of their portals, making known and teaching how to apply a set of methods that enables the detection of errors in relation to what the WCAG 2.1 and WAI-ARIA 1.1 guidelines advise. This Model will be explained using the Portal Cultura Açores of the Regional Directorate of Culture of the Azores, as an example for its application.
Usabilidade e Acessibilidade Web, W3C, WCAG, WAI, Avaliação de Usabilidade e Acessibilidade Web, Portal Cultura Açores
42
Celliers, Charmaine. "Beskerming van kinderregte in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg in die lig van die Kinderwet 38 van 2005." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/8615.
Full textAbstract:
Afrikaans textSuid-Afrika het ‘n ver pad gekom sedert die 16de eeu in die erkenning en ontwikkeling van kinderregte. Kinderregte word vandag ten volle erken in die Grondwet, wat die hoogste gesag in die land is. Hierdie studie het ten doel om die beskerming van kinderregte in die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg te ondersoek, met verwysing na die rol wat internasionale reg, soos die United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (“die Konvensie”) en die African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child 1990 (“Afrika Handves”) in die ontwikkeling van kinderregte gespeel het. Spesifieke voorskrifte ingevolge waarvan die regte van kinders beskerm word is ondersoek,insluitend artikel 28 van die Grondwet en sekere bepalings van die Kinderwet. Weens die beperkte omvang van hierdie verhandeling, is sekere afgebakende voorbeelde uit die Kinderwet ondersoek met spesifieke verwysing na kinders se regte en tradisionele waardes soos manlike besnydenis, vroulike besnydenis en maagdelikheidstoetse. Daar is gekyk of die praktiese probleme op regeringsvlak, byvoorbeeld die voorsiening en befondsing van maatskaplike dienste, die implementering van die bepalings van die Kinderwet vertraag. Skrywer kom tot die slotsom dat die bepalings van die Kinderwet alleenlik nie voldoende is om effektiewe beskerming aan sekere groepe kinders te verleen nie en hierdie probleme lei daartoe dat kinderregte nie behoorlik gerealiseer en geïmplementeer word nie, en dat daar nie ‘n behoorlike balans tussen die regte en verantwoordelikhede van die kind, die ouers en die staat bereik word nie. Moontlike oplossings vir die probleem en tekortkominge in die uitvoering van die Kinderwet word voorgestel in die slot hoofstuk.
South Africa has come a long way since the 16th century in the recognition and development of children's rights. Children's rights are now fully recognized in the Constitution, the supreme authority in the country. This study aims to investigate the protection of children's rights in South African law, with reference to the role of international law, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Charter on the rights and Welfare of the child 1990, in the development of children's rights. Specific provisions under which the rights of children protected is examined, including Section 28 of the Constitution and certain provisions of the Children’s Act. Due to the limited scope of this paper, some designated examples from the Children’s Act are examined with particular reference to children's rights and traditional values such as male circumcision, female circumcision and virginity testing. It is looked at if whether the practical problems experienced on government level, the provision and funding of social services delay the implementation of the provisions of the Children's Act .Author comes to the conclusion that the provisions of the Children alone is not sufficient to ensure effective protection of the rights of certain groups of children and that these problems led to children's rights not properly realized and implemented, and that a proper balance between the rights and responsibilities of the child, the parents and the state is not reached. In the concluding chapter possible solutions to the problems and shortcomings in the implementation of the Children’s Act is suggested.
Jurisprudence
LLM