Dissertations / Theses: 'War and religion'

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Dickerson, Curtis. "Wage This War." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1408015785.

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Price, Neil S. "The Viking way : religion and war in late Iron Age Scandinavia /." Uppsala : Dept. of Archaeology and Ancient History, 2002. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/24659.

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Davidson, Melissa. "Preaching the Great War: Canadian Anglicans and the war sermon 1914-1918." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114214.

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When the British declared war on Germany on August 4, 1914, the Dominion of Canada, as part of the British Empire, was also at war. As an overwhelmingly Christian nation, Canada's mobilization included not only its manpower, industrial capacity, and agricultural wealth, but also its spiritual resources. This thesis focuses on views of the Great War offered by Canada's Anglican clerics from 1914 to 1918 through an analysis of sermons and other documents. Situated at a crucial junction between the religious and political life, clerical rhetoric about the war provides an invaluable tool for understanding how a people's religious and national identities shaped one another during this critical period. Rather than painting the conflict in stark terms of 'good and evil,' Canada's Anglican clerics appealed to theological ideas of repentance and righteousness. The clerics denounced national sins and called on Canadians to shoulder their responsibilities both as citizens of the Empire and as Christians. Identifying and negotiating the responsibilities of citizenship in the crucible of war were key elements in the clerical rhetoric, as they sought to construct and connect their overlapping identities as Anglicans, citizens of the Empire, and as Canadians.
Quand l'Angleterre a déclaré la guerre à l'Allemange le 4 août 1914, le Dominion du Canada a été impliqué parce qu'il faisait partie de l'Empire britannique. La mobilisation du Canada a principalement inclus des gens et des capacité industrielles et agricol. Toutefois, comme le pays était majoritairement de religion chrétienne, la mobilisation du Canada a aussi collaboré à l'élaboration de nombreuses ressources spirituelles. Cette thèse se concentre donc sur les opinions à propos de la Première Guerre mondiale présentées par les prêtes anglicans du Canada entre 1914 et 1918. Ell fait une analyse des sermons et autre documents écrits par les prêtes anglicans nous permettant d'examiner la 'rhétorique des ecclésiastiques'. La rhétorique des ecclésiastiques de la guerre fournis un outil inestimable pour la connaissance de comment l'identité religieuse et nationale des gens rejoignent, parce que la rhétorique des ecclésiastiques est au même temp religieuse et politique. Au lieu d'aborder directement l'idée «du bien» et «du mal», les prêtes anglicans ont utilisés les idées théologiques comme «le repentir» et «la vertu» pour justifier la guerre. Les prêtes anglicans ont aussi dénonçé les péchés nationaux et ont demandé aux Canadiens de répondre à leur responsabilités en tant que citoyens de l'Empire britannique et chrétiens. Les gens ont donc dû identifier et négocier pendant cette épreuve la notion de citoyenneté, afin d'identifier leurs responsabilités. Cette question est donc particulièrement importante dans la rhétorique des ecclésiastiques alors que les prêtes anglicans ont essayé construire et associer des identités chevauchant la religion anglicane, la citoyenneté de l'Empire britannique, et la citoyenneté du Canada.

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Hartley, Brandon. "War and Tolerance: Catholic Polemic in Lyon During the French Religious Wars." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195996.

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This dissertation studies the content of Catholic polemic printed in the city of Lyon from 1560 to 1594, a period ranging from the first hints of wider Protestant unrest to the submission of the city to Henry IV and the resumption of royal control. The time frame corresponds to an era of zealous Catholic activity in which combating Protestantism, or heresy as they usually labeled it, was a primary focus of the Lyonnaise Catholic Church and the presses which supported it. By studying the thematic content of these cheap print sources, I will provide a glimpse into the types of issues that appear most prominently in this particular type of print medium and trace how such issues change, or remain static, over time. Most important of these themes are the importance of concord or unity and the willingness of God to punish his followers for their sins and, frequently, mankind's unwillingness to reunify the church and create concord through force. This dissertation has grown into a commentary on this dynamic more than any other single issue and readers will detect tangential comments concerning the importance of unity and God's punishment throughout earlier chapters. Time and again, polemicists make clear that the only means to a lasting "peace" is to achieve religious unity by any means necessary. Only this purity within the faithful will ease God's hand and cure France of its ills. Sources were drawn from the principal libraries in Lyon and the Rhone valley, in addition to occasional pieces scattered in Paris and other libraries throughout France.

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Chiu, Loi-fat Christopher. "The Hong Kong media war and the crackdown on Falun Gong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24534158.

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Allbritton, Jay Michael. "Religion and politics in films about the Vietnam war." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001227.

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Burns-Watson, Roger. "Co-Starring God: Religion, Film, and World War II." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1273520794.

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Newman, Jennifer Ann Noe Kenneth W. "Writing, religion, and women's identity in Civil War Alabama." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1629.

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Walters, Kevin L. "BEYOND THE BATTLE: RELIGION AND AMERICAN TROOPS IN WORLD WAR II." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/21.

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This dissertation examines the ways in which military personnel interacted with religion during World War II. It argues that the challenges of wartime service provided the impetus and the opportunity to improvise religious practices, refine religious beliefs amid new challenges, and broaden religious understanding through interaction with those from other traditions. Methodologically, this dissertation moves beyond existing analyses that focus primarily on institutions and their representatives such as military chaplains. Instead, it explores first-person accounts left by men and women who were not part of the chaplain corps and analyzes ways in which non-chaplains engaged religion. The exigencies of war contributed to religious innovation as soldiers and sailors improvised religious practices. Lay leaders sometimes filled in to lead services as chaplains were often not available. Soldiers and sailors also modified individual religious practices such as diet, fasting, and prayer to fit the context of military service. The challenges of wartime service also led troops to refine previously held religious beliefs as well as to adopt new interpretations based on personal experiences. Soldiers and sailors often clung to whatever religious beliefs or practices they saw as potentially beneficial. Finally, religious mixing combined with social dislocation and stress to create an atmosphere in which troops questioned and reformulated their religious identities. As soldiers and sailors formed bonds with those from other traditions, it became more difficult to maintain previous assumptions rooted in suspicion and rumor about other faiths. Understanding how soldiers and sailors interacted with religion in World War II anticipates significant aspects of what many scholars have described as a religious revival in the two decades following the war. It suggests that many veterans returned to civilian life with more confidence in their own religious agency and with sharpened conceptions of what they considered religious essentials.

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Drapac, Vesna. "War and religion : catholics in the churches of occupied Paris /." Washington (D.C.) : the Catholic university of America press, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37072218w.

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Sandenbergh, Hercules Alexander. "How religious is Sudan's Religious War?" Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3470.

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Thesis (MPhil (Political Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2006.
Sudan, Africa’s largest country has been plagued by civil war for more than fifty years. The war broke out before independence in 1956 and the last round of talks ended in a peace agreement early in 2005. The war started as a war between two different religions embedded in different cultures. The Islamic government constitutionalised their religious beliefs and imposed them on the whole country. This triggered heavy reaction from the Christian and animist people in the South. They were not willing to adhere to strict marginalising Islamic laws that created cleavages in society. The Anya-Anya was the first rebel group to violently oppose the government and they fought until the Addis Ababa peace accord that was reached in 1972. After the peace agreement there was relative peace before the government went against the peace agreement and again started enforcing their religious laws on the people in the South. This new wave of Islamisation sparked renewed tension between the North and the south that culminated in Dr John Garang and his SPLM/A restarting the conflict with the government in 1982. This war between the SPLA and the government lasted 22 years and only ended at the beginning of 2005. The significance of this second wave in the conflict is that it coincided with the discovery of oil in the South. Since the discovery of oil the whole focus of the war changed and oil became the centre around which the war revolved. Through this research I intend to look at the significance of oil in the conflict. The research question: how religious is Sudan’ Religious war? asks the question whether resources have become more important than religion.

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Gaur, Meenu. "Kashmir on screen : region, religion and secularism in Hindi cinema." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.561285.

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The Kashmir dispute has led to two wars (1947-1948, 1965), serious military encounters (1999,2001) between India and Pakistan, as well as a militant and nonmilitant separatist movement seeking independence for Kashmir (1989- ). While this conflict has been subjected to sustained analysis by academics and journalists, Kashmir's centrality to the public culture ofIndia, explored here through a study of Hindi cinema, has received little to no attention in the considerable literature on the area. The articulations of Kashmir in Hindi cinema - as a paradise on earth, sacred site of Hinduism, home ofIndia's spiritual and syncretistic traditions, pivotal to the idea of an eternal Indian civilization - help to reveal the attachments that guide 'Indian' claims on Kashmir. This study addresses the question of how, why and in what ways Kashmir is presented as a 'special' region in Hindi cinema. In doing so it initiates a discussion on region and religion in Hindi cinema, scholarship on which has long prioritized the 'nation'. As India's only Muslim-majority regional state, divided between India and Pakistan, Kashmir became a symbol of Indian secularism, a fact that is often reiterated in political discourse, as well as in academic research on the Kashmir dispute. Paradoxically, this symbol of Indian secularism, it is argued, is a site for religious contestations in Hindi cinema. The synonymy between Indian and Hindu in Kashmir films rests on the disavowal of a 'Muslim' Kashmir, so as to allay a Hindu majoritarian anxiety about a Muslim majority region in post-partition India. Therefore, the abstract equality of secularism, and the neutrality of 'national culture' remain merely 'ideals' in India's dominant form of public culture, namely Hindi cinema. The representations of Kashmir in Hindi cinema make explicit the regional and religious contestations over the national and the secular, providing a far more diverse account of history, culture and politics in India than is commonly acknowledged by 'official' discourses, mainstream historiography, and nation-centred (film) scholarship.

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Adlington, Hugh Christian. "John Donne and the Thirty Years' War : religion, diplomacy and law." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/john-donne-and-the-thirty-years-war--religion-diplomacy-and-law(ccb78ae3-8e43-436b-b6ad-15b5b475871b).html.

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Gorry, Jonathan Linden. "The British Council of Churches and just war : 1945-59." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2617/.

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Using previously unresearched archives from the British Council of Churches (BCC), a constituent assembly of the World Council of Churches and the established vehicle for communicating official non-Catholic approaches of the nuclear dilemma, this thesis raises two questions: (1) How did Christians in the BCC evaluate the role of the British State and their responsibility as citizens in the Cold War years 1945-59? (2) How did such evaluations affect a Christian policy-making process that aimed to influence Western defence attitudes? Answers are provided by analysing the BCC's role in developing and promoting the limited war nuclear strategy, a just war alternative to the Macmillan Government's formula of massive retaliation. The study contends that the British Churches' stance vis-à-vis the ethics of nuclear deterrence was largely influenced by judgements on the legitimacy of the State and its compatibility with Christian values. These judgements determined the nature of advice offered to Government and favoured the articulation of an 'Augustinian' form of political realism. The thesis makes two substantive claims. On one hand it suggests that the significance of the BCC approach lay, not in its challenge to Government policy, but in its role as a counter to the radical idealism represented by the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament. On the other hand it argues that the just war should be conceptually located within the realist rather than idealist theoretical frameworks. The study concludes that discussions of just war cannot be separated from qualitative judgements about the character of the State. Christian attitudes to war are grounded in particular assumptions about legitimate social authority, the right of the State to determine policy, personal and collective political responsibility.

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Penn, Nicole Marie. "Apocalypse Now: War and Religion in Late Colonial and Early Republic America." W&M ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068557.

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ABSTRACT French “Idolators,” British “Heretics,” Native “Heathens”: The Seven Years’ War in North America as a Religious Conflict With France and Great Britain as its primary belligerents, the Seven Years' War was an international conflict with a decidedly religious dimension, one based on the longstanding rivalry between Catholicism and Protestantism. In North America, the conflict galvanized clergymen in both the British and French colonies to frame the war as a religious struggle with potentially apocalyptic consequences. This discourse remains understudied by historians, and efforts to address religion's role in America during the Seven Years' War is usually one-sided, focusing either on the French or British experience. This paper aims to fill this historiographic gap by analyzing both sermons produced by Protestant ministers from across the American colonies and pastoral letters issued by the Catholic Bishop of Quebec between 1755 and 1763. Moreover, this paper argues that both French and British religious leaders viewed the Seven Years' War as an extension of the Catholic-Protestant European religious wars of the previous century, and believed that the conflict's outcome would determine the survival of their respective religions in North America. This paper also describes how Native Americans figured in this discourse, employing a combination of captivity narratives written by Protestant ministers and the reports of Jesuit missionaries to further illustrate the war's perceived apocalyptic significance. ABSTRACT “The English Establishment Is, Itself, of a Beastly Nature”: Catholicizing Great Britain in Pro-War American Discourse During the War of 1812 In order to catalyze support for their cause against the British during the War of 1812, pro-war writers in the United States revived a rhetorical device that had once served their Revolutionary predecessors: the casting of Great Britain as an anti-Protestant and practically Catholic agent. Specifically, these writers were reacting to claims made by certain New England religious and political authorities shortly after the war’s inception that Great Britain was Protestantism’s “bulwark,” and as a result should be viewed as an American ally rather than as an enemy. An examination of pro-war newspaper articles and published sermons ranging in origin from Vermont to Maryland demonstrates how pro-war writers deconstructed Great Britain’s historically accepted role as Protestantism’s defender. It also reveals how this rhetorical strategy intensified in comparison to its brief employment during the Revolutionary period, thanks to the manner in which Napoleonic France was perceived as an effective check against the Papacy. Finally, these sources demonstrate the extent to which pro-war writers employed apocalyptic imagery from the biblical Book of Revelation to bolster their denunciation of Great Britain, which they argued stood alongside the Catholic Church as one of the beasts of the Apocalypse.

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Camur, Ayse. "Three Theorists on Religious Violence in an Islamic Context: Karen Armstrong, Mark Juergensmeyer, and William T. Cavanaugh." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7756.

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Religion is often invoked as a driving force behind violence, disentangled from political, social, and economic reasons. In this thesis, we will be exploring the viewpoints of three prominent religious thinkers in investigating the principal causes behind what is called religious violence. The works of Karen Armstrong, Mark Juergensmeyer, and William T. Cavanaugh are considered as theoretical frameworks for understanding violence in an Islamic context. While Armstrong argues that the root cause of violence can be traced back to economic, political, and cultural reasons, Juergensmeyer contests that religion is the most important cause underlying all violence. In their analyses, both thinkers rely heavily on a distinction between religious and secular violence. Cavanaugh, on the other hand, regards such a distinction as itself a legitimation of secular forms of violence that obscures the real causes of what we call religious violence.

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Boucher, François-Emmanuël. "Montaigne et l'herméneutique des guerres de religion." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28248.

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The purpose of the research paper is to study and analyze the criticism expressed by Montaigne on different doxic themes that pervade the social discourse of his time. To do so, we consider two problems connected and coextensive to the second part of the XVI century.
The first one that extends over the first two chapters analyzes the way by which the religious wars of the era have found their justification in God. In the first chapter, we try to analyze the discursive vector of the divine ire whereas in the second chapter, we investigate the relationship between the tide of a battle and the elect sign that is supposed to give to the winner.
The second problem, that deals with various attempts of pacification, forms the third chapter of this paper. It focuses on the efforts undertaken by some "well intentioned" jurists to end "fratricidal" wars by royal by-laws (edits) whose unfortunate results are to stir up hatred among different ideological factions.
The fourth chapter is a reflection on some criticism stated by XVI century thinkers who perceived actual wars as lacking religious foundation, and even as a carnage where nobody really knew why the fighting was going on.
Finally, we put forward some hypotheses on the specificity of the Essais in the sociodiscursive context of this age.

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Guiler, Peter Scott. "Quaker Youth Incarcerated: Abandoned Pacifist Doctrines of the Ohio Valley Friends During World War II." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1312390917.

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Turnbull, Emma C. "Anti-Popery in early modern England : religion, war and print, c. 1617-1635." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b8dfa993-21af-4370-8008-e84edb17d272.

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This thesis is about anti-popery in early modern England, how its meanings and political uses in printed literature changed in response to the dramatic developments of the Thirty Years' War. I contend that the languages of anti-popery, though structured by binary oppositions, were being used to express complex, multifaceted views about Catholic states in the 1620s and 1630s. The new perspective that this research offers is two-fold. Firstly, it asserts that anti-popery was an active and flexible tool of English Protestant debate about foreign affairs. 'Popish' tyranny, variously embodied in the Counter-Reformation papacy or Habsburg imperialism, was a malleable concept that adapted its meanings and associations with the political circumstances. Our early modern subjects were capable of separating anti-Catholic beliefs about idolatrous worship from political questions of how to identify, and combat, the threat of papal tyranny. Thus, this thesis argues that a greater range of irenic attitudes towards relations with Catholic powers were circulating than previously thought. Secondly, this thesis argues that several different anti-papal languages were operating alongside, and in competition with, one another in early Stuart political culture. As a fluid set of tropes, associations and prejudices, anti-popery had different meanings for different authors and incorporated a range of political and religious agendas. Anti-popery, therefore, was not simply a tool of Puritan opposition to the non-interventionist policy of the Stuarts, but, I argue, was also compatible with a more moderate or conciliatory attitude to Catholic states, including Habsburg Spain. The printed debates of the 1620s and 1630s expose the tensions that existed between competing ideas about the nature of the external popish threat. By 1635 and the reversal of Protestant fortunes on the Continent, these competing anti-papal ideas were exposing the tensions within England about the nature of its Protestantism, and thus helped precipitate the Civil Wars.

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Chiu, Loi-fat Christopher, and 趙來發. "The Hong Kong media war and the crackdown on Falun Gong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3197241X.

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Sclafani, Michael Thomas. "In Honor of God and Country: The Clergy of Occupied Virginia during the Civil War." W&M ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626463.

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Kirby, Dianne. "The Anglican Church in the period of the Cold War : 1945-55." Thesis, University of Hull, 1990. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3564.

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Kerrin, Jonathan D. "Religious Trends within the Syrian Civil War : an Analysis of Religion as a Dynamic and Integral Part of the Conflict." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46157.

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The civil war that started in Syria in 2011 began as a series of political disputes between government forces and opposition groups. Tension mounted when citizens of Syria called for their president, Bashar al-Assad, to step down from power. When government forces resisted the will of the people, and instead used force against them, the country descended into all-out war. Two distinct groups surfaced in opposition to one another, with opposition rebels fighting against the Syrian regime. But as the war progressed these two groups began to display religious characteristics. Opposition groups began to represent a Sunnī Muslim rebel force, while regime forces where represented by the Alawite sect, and as the war continued elements of jihādism began to surface within the fighting. Syria’s sectarian rifts began to reveal themselves as religious factions became more involved in the fighting. These rifts are a result of centuries of violence and tension between Sunnī Muslim and Alawites in the country. Their theological beliefs differ extensively from one another, and over the course of history these differences have led to clashes between the two groups. The study looks at the historical interactions between Sunnī Muslims and the Alawites in Syria, and identifies the theological differences between the two groups. The study then uses these two elements to understand the religious violence that Syria is experiencing, and why such intolerance is happening between the religious factions of the country.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
tm2015
Science of Religion and Missiology
MA
Unrestricted

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Burton, Thomas. "Michael and the War in Heaven." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://amzn.com/1570723419.

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"... a highly allusive narrative revolving around Michael in the victory over his recreant friend and rival, Lucifer. Physically, mentally, ethically, Michael exemplifies the traditional qualities of the hero and the values of Western culture. Figuratively, he represents good in the universal struggle with evil. Allegorically, through the Creative Spirit (epitomized by Gabrielle), he focuses on reality in opposition to appearances, prevails over despair, and attains spiritual realization. Allusive classical, Miltonic, Shakespearean, and other literary figures complement the three main characters in this essentially human, spiritual, nonreligious gest. Besides all that, Michael's story is a good one in the telling. A literary guide is included as a complement to the text for individuals, classes, and other groups who wish to pursue the analytical items provided." --Amazon

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Shoemaker, Terry Dewayne. "Star Spangled Saints: Ritual Practices that Legitimate War and Violence in the American Church." TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1260.

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The objective of this research is to analyze the ways in which the conservative,American church has been ideologically and ritualistically shaped by an imperial culture enamored with war, the military, and violence; and how those positions and practices, in effect, legitimate war and the military. While many authors have surveyed historical Christian positions regarding war and the current nationalistic tendencies of conservative Christians, little research has been conducted to assess the effects of violence, nationalism, patriotism, and military enchantment on Christian rituals, practices, and ethos. Within this research, I argue that contemporary, conservative Christians have surpassed previously held nuanced positions of pacifism, just-war, and Christian Realism into a confluence of conservative Christian theology and American nationalism because of the American culture in which it is embedded. I refer to this typology as “church militant.” In addition, ritual practices which indirectly legitimate war and violence, influenced by an adopted position of church militant, are investigated. In order to accomplish this task, I have provided a brief survey of historical Christian typologies as they pertain to attitudes toward war and violence, while paying particular attention to the social context for each of these positions. Second, a typology of Christian hyper-religious patriotism, referred to as “church militant,” will be introduced by locating my argument within personal fieldnotes recorded during multiple visits to three Christian megachurches and current literature pertaining to Christian attitudes and participation in military and war efforts. After establishing the Christian typology toward war and violence, the subsequent sections of the paper detail specific practices of the contemporary, conservative church which serve to justify American military endeavors. Although much more could be stated regarding the militaristic cultural influence on ritual practices of conservative, American Christians, I focus on ritual songs and symbols of protection, a liturgy for religious warriors, and a practice of elevating soldiers as the Christian ideal which all legitimate United States war efforts. My objective is not to defend or attack the religious institutions which were studied; but, rather to augment the growing literature regarding conservative, American Christians vis-à-vis nationalism, patriotism, and militarism by identifying and interpreting the various ways that these ideas have shaped the conservative Christian culture.

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Terasawa, Kunihiko. "Modern Japanese Buddhism in the Context of Interreligious Dialogue, Nationalism and World War II." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/200626.

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Religion
Ph.D.
This dissertation studies the critical and historical examination of modern Japanese Buddhism in terms of its collaboration with and resistance to ultranationalism and militarism before and during World War II. It also examines how Buddhism came to Japan and transformed itself according to the historical, social and political contexts throughout history. Also it shows how and why Japanese Buddhism has transformed the Gautama Buddha's teachings, the Dhamma and the notion of community, Sangha to its own in terms in relationship to the state. In order to examine the Japan's modern-nation-state's invention of installing a national consciousness and identity in the people through the means of State Shinto and the emperor, kokutai ideology after the Meiji Restoration in 1868, I apply the methodologies of social critical theories of James Scott, Benedict Anderson, Michel Foucault and Pierre Bourdieu. After the Tokugawa shogunate's long patronage of Buddhism (1602-1868), the dissertation examines how modern Japanese Buddhism was challenged by the Meiji state, and transformed itself to meet the need of the modern-nation-state centered on State Shinto and kokutai ideology. Moreover, it exposes how Japanese Buddhism struggled to meet the modernity itself such as individuality and socialization. Furthermore, in the 1930-40's, in the context of rise of ultranationalism and militarism in the name of "overcoming modernity," this dissertation explores how the Japanese Buddhist sects such as True Pure Land, Nichiren, Zen, and the Kyoto School collaborated with and resisted to them. Despite the main Japanese Buddhism's active participation in the war, there were few Japanese Buddhists' resistances. The dissertation examines why and how they could not effectively resist but failed. Moreover, the dissertation shows that there were several opportunities that Japanese Buddhism might have stopped the state's control of religions--the rise of ultranationalism and war ideology in the cases of Uchimura Kanzô's lese majeste in the 1890's, the state's failures of ratification on the Religious Organization Law twice in the 1920's, and Seno'o Girô's anti-fascist movements in the 1930's--the Buddhists had had critical minds and organizational wills alongside with the interreligious cooperation with Christianity and new religions. Thus, this dissertation critically examines Japanese Buddhism in three terms; the social critical ethics, the interreligious dialogue, and the trans-national dialogue. It shows why and how Japanese Buddhism lost the Buddha's critical mind, social ethics, the democratic origin of Sangha, as well as the trans-national dialogue with Korean, Chinese and South Asian Buddhists and eventually justified the Japanese imperial aggression against Asia. I hope that my dissertation will help the Japanese Buddhists undertake a self-critical examination of their involvement in World War II, and would set up a good example of self-criticism of religion and nationalism. It could certainly help the current Islamic people's struggles for democracy, nationalism and holy war. Also in case of China's nationalistic expansionism which resembles the Japan of 1930-40's, in the name of nationalism and social harmony, religious freedom was limited to the inner private realm, but its public role in checking nationalism was suppressed. Tibetan Buddhism, Falun Gong and house Christian churches cried out for their freedom. Therefore the self-critical examination of the rise and fall of the Japanese empire in terms of religion, religious freedom and ultranationalism might help Chinese religions and intellectuals as well as other cases involving religion, nationalism and war.
Temple University--Theses

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Parker, Stephen George. "Faith on the home front : aspects of church life and popular religion in Birmingham, 1939-1945." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288418.

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Anderson, Paul D. Jr. "Religious Differences in Attitudes about Divisive Social Issues, 1972 to 2010: A Test of the Polarization Hypothesis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1329510766.

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McNutt, James E. "Rendering to Caesar: secular obedience and confessional loyalty in Moritz of Saxony's Diplomacy on the Eve of the Scmalkaldic War /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487868114113753.

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Diaz, Caceres Margarita J. "Religion, Politics and War In the Creation of an Ethos of Conflict in Colombia; The case of the War of the Thousand Days (1899-1902)." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3657.

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The purpose of this thesis is to understand the way in which religion and politics played a role in the formulation of a cyclical ethos of conflict, focusing in the last and most important civil war of nineteenth-century Colombia: The War of the Thousand Days (1899-1902). A historiographical review was used to understand the interactions between these two structures, and it pointed at a main problem centered in the political use of religion, as well as the transformation of political debate into a matter of political faith. In conclusion, the War of the Thousand days strengthened narratives of vengeance, worsened the situation of the country, and solidified an ethos of conflict in which the State used the Church to legitimize itself against the threats to the status quo of systemic inequality.

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Naser, Samir. "Religion, reason and war : a study in the ideological sources of political intolerance and bellicosity." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6153/.

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The thesis critically examines the view that associates religion with bellicosity in politics. It is argued that the structural link between religion and the propensity to (political) violence is inaccurate because (1) religious theories of just war can be shown to be tolerant of difference in important instances and thus not belligerent; (2) secular ideology can be shown to be intolerant and bellicose in important cases; and consequently (3) the more important explanatory factor of bellicosity is not necessarily religion but it can be found elsewhere. It is argued that the true source lies in the association of a monistic ideological commitment and the willingness of its political agents to impose it on those with different ideological views. The thesis is a critical and comparative discussion of those who have dealt with ideological violence. It compares interventionist theorists with those who are not in religious tradition and contemporary theory of just war to reveal that the cause of violence is located in an avoidable failure to reconcile religious morality and politics. The thesis adds a new perspective on the debate, calling for a rethink of the relationship between religion and violence in politics. It also proposes greater scepticism about widely held assumptions about the bellicose tendency of religiously motivated political agents, arguing that theorists should rethink the real cause of bellicosity beyond the religious domain and pay closer critical attention to the sources of the belligerence of secular agents.

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Rosenthal, Joshua Lee. "The Sword That Divides And Bonds That Tie: Faith And Family In The French Wars Of Religion." Diss., Tucson, Ariz. : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1295%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Bowlus, David A. "The Relationship between Religious Coping and Resilience among Senior Army Leaders in the United States Army War College." Thesis, Nyack College, Alliance Theological Seminary, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10744091.

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The purpose of writing “The Relationship Between Religious Coping and Resilience Among Senior Leaders at the United States Army War College” was to determine the relationship of resilience and religious coping among senior Army officers. It measured religious coping, resilience, religious orientation, and explored service-related stresses as experienced by a representative sample of officers.

Chapter One develops the purpose out of a context with senior Army officers who carry a significant burden of responsibility as they are entrusted with the war-fighting effectiveness of soldiers in combat and serve in a culture which places enormous pressures on its senior leaders. The ministry problem is that the stressors faced and methods of religious coping with these stresses have not been fully studied and are not clearly understood by religious leaders, churches, and the military enterprise.

Chapter Two provides a review of the literature pertaining to a working definition and discussion of religion, coping in general, the role of religion in coping, religious orienting systems and how they impact one’s coping patterns, religion’s role in well-being, resilience and coping, spiritual fitness, and military culture.

Chapter Three describes the research design, procedures for data collection, and methodology utilized to measure and understand the relationship between religious coping and resilience.

Chapter Four presents the results and interpretative analysis. The findings indicated a moderate positive correlation between religious coping and resilience. There were several significant correlations between the demographic and religious variables which offer insight into the relationship between religious coping and resilience.

Chapter Five offers observations, implications, and recommendations based on the findings of the research. The results are applied to the ministry of military chaplains, churches, religious organizations serving the military, and the defense enterprise in terms of improved solutions to better support senior military leaders.

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Bellavia, Steven Robert. "Building Cold War Warriors: Socialization of the Final Cold War Generation." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu152293636915038.

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Keeter, Gregory T. "Can Religion Help? Using John Howard Yoder and Mohandas Gandhi to Conceptualize New Approaches to Intractable Social and Political Problems such as Violence and War." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04112006-180956/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Title from title screen. Timothy Renick, committee chair; Kathryn McClymond, Jonathan Herman, committee members. Electronic text (89 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 24, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-89).

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Gaitzsch, Jens. "Wie jüdisch war die Gräfin Cosel?" Sandstein Verlag, 2012. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A37756.

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Zahlreich sind die Legenden über die Gräfin Cosel. Dazu gehört die Behauptung, sie sei zum jüdischen Glauben übergetreten. Tatsächlich hat sie sich im fortgeschrittenen Alter intensiver mit den Religionen beschäftigt. Im hohen Alter bekannte sie sich zu jüdischen Glaubensvorstellungen und lebte nach jüdischen Lebensregeln. Ein Religionsübertritt jedoch war unmöglich und ist auch als ernsthafte Absicht nicht nachzuweisen.

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Coffman, Natalie Brooke. "The Mormon Battalion's Manifest Destiny: Expansion and Identity during the Mexican-American War." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/509.

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This thesis examines the experience of the Mormon Battalion, a group of five hundred Mormon soldiers commissioned by President James K. Polk to enlist in the U.S. military and aid in the newly declared war against Mexico in 1846. The war was a result of a belligerent and aggressive form of territorial expansion justified by the ideology of Manifest Destiny. Polk and many other Americans believed it was their Manifest Destiny to dominate a continental nation, and the Mormon Battalion was assigned to march to California to conquer Mexican territory for the United States. An examination of the Mormon soldiers' journals and letters, as well as official Mormon Church records and correspondence, reveals that, despite participating in a war that promoted aggressive expansion, the Mormons' understanding of Manifest Destiny contained unique perspectives regarding racial hierarchies and displays of masculinity, key elements of that popular ideology. The peculiar approach that the Mormons' had to Manifest Destiny was directly influenced by their history as a persecuted body of believers. Ultimately, the Mormon soldiers agreed to volunteer for the war not because they wanted to express patriotism, but because they had a firm dedication to their church and resolved obedience to their leader, Brigham Young. Additionally, an examination of popular contemporary media outlets and their responses to the enlistment of the Mormon Battalion, as well as the relevant historiography, is included to demonstrate the evolution of the Mormon Battalion in historical memory, both inside and outside the Mormon Church. The treatment of the battalion by popular media outlets reflected changing attitudes regarding the implications of promoting a martial and aggressive society, while the role of the battalion in Mormon history evolved in tandem with Mormons' fluctuating identities as U.S. citizens.

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Fallaize, James. "Supreme Threat: The Just War Tradition and the Invasion of Iraq." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09012006-130923/.

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Thesis (honors)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Title from title screen. Robert D. Sattelmeyer, committee chair. Electronic text (61 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed May 7, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-61).

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Berry, Damon T. "Cosmic Racial Holy War:Biopolitics and Bare-Life from the Creativity Movement to the War on Terror." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1247255675.

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Hall, Matthew J. "Cold Warriors in the Sunbelt: Southern Baptists and the Cold War, 1947-1989." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/17.

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Cold Warriors in the Sunbelt studies the ways in which the Cold War experience shaped the attitudes, values, and beliefs of white evangelicals in the South. It argues that for Southern Baptists in particular—the region’s most dominant religious majority—the Cold War provided a cohesive and unifying fabric that informed the world views Southern Baptists constructed, shaping how they interpreted everything from global communism, the black freedom movement, the Vietnam War, and controversies regarding the family and gender. This dissertation further contends that the Cold War experience, and the formative influence it had over several decades, laid the groundwork for the political realignment of the South, gradually entrenching Southern Baptists within the Republican Party.

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Tryon, Suzanne Y. "Sacrilege in the Sanctuary: Thucydidean Perspectives on the Violation of Sacred Space during the Peloponnesian War." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rs_theses/36.

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Few have paid attention to the role that pan-Hellenic religious norms play in Thucy-dides‟s The Peloponnesian War. This thesis investigates the trope of religious sacrilege in the form of violated sacred space. By examining how this trope functions within his chosen rhetori-cal presentation, I will argue that a secular interpretation of Thucydides does not accord with what he tries to accomplish within his narrative, and that scenes describing such sacrilege actual-ly function in crucial ways to support a major premise of his work. Two specific instances of sacrilege will be examined: the civil war on Corcyra in 427 BCE; and the Battle of Delion in 424/3 BCE. I will demonstrate that Thucydides incorporates sacrilege to serve as evidence for his readers that the Peloponnesian War was the worst war the Greek-speaking world had everexperienced, and that religio-cultural norms, however unanimously conceived and internally ob-vious, are inherently fragile and unstable.

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Davis, Aaron K. "American Protestants and U.S. Foreign Policy toward the Soviet Union during the Eisenhower Administration: Billy Graham, Reinhold Niebuhr, and G. Bromley Oxnam." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35407.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of History
Robert D. Linder
This dissertation considers American Protestant perceptions of U.S. foreign policy directed toward Soviet Union during the Dwight D. Eisenhower presidency (1953-1961). The question of what a culture dominated by Protestant denominations thought of its global adversary has not yet been sufficiently explored by scholars of either American religious history or diplomatic history. Most scholars who deal with the intersection of religion and foreign policy during the Eisenhower Administration tend to accentuate the close relationship that existed between government policy and general religious attitudes. That is to say, a general, widespread Protestant support of foreign policy objectives stands as the prevailing interpretation. Most historians conclude that America’s Protestant church leaders—preachers, pastors, and bishops—either actively supported government foreign policy objectives or sought to insert their own stances into existing policy. More recently, historians have published monographs that further explore Protestant Christianity with regard to foreign policy in the 1950s. By acknowledging the different strands of Protestant Christianity, scholars have raised significant questions that have heretofore gone unanswered. The primary question is the one that this dissertation seeks to answer—how widespread was American Protestant denunciation of communism and, simultaneously, how broad was American Protestant support for foreign policy objectives? Billy Graham, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Garfield Bromley Oxnam represent the three most prominent representatives of Protestant Christianity’s three major strands. These three acknowledged opinion makers that serve as the focus of this dissertation were not uniform in their perspectives of U.S. foreign policy, yet they all denounced communism and—to a degree—supported America’s efforts to combat the Soviet Union’s sphere of influence throughout the course of the Eisenhower Administration (1953-1961). This conclusion helps explain the tremendous perseverance of containment as a strategy by attributing its success, in part, to the large, Protestant body of supporters that continued to sustain and encourage Washington’s policies directed toward the Soviet Union.

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Cebula, Claude. "L'Eglise et la Guerre : Réflexion sur le rapport entre le droit du conflit armé, la religion et la patrie glorifiée : Etude sur la guerre par l'exemple ou la fatalité nécessaire." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874323.

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Si la loi du conflit dicte la conduite des hommes, tant dans leurs relations individualisées qu'au regard des communautés, elle emporte la nécessité de la contenir. Le droit de la guerre et de la paix, suscité par les Pères de l'Église, puis repris par les jurisconsultes, tout en s'en émancipant, reste l'instrument privilégié de cette maîtrise. Néanmoins, devant un danger potentiel, par le discours de revanche devant la défaite, préparer la guerre vise à assurer une cohésion nationale forte. Les institutions républicaines, qui se veulent indépendantes de toutes Églises, et l'Église Catholique elle-même, notamment par son clergé français, y travailleront, fût-ce par des voies au départ opposées. A cet égard, la Troisième République reste le cadre politique privilégié. La France, terre d'exemplarité dit-on et écrit-on, devient le terreau de la guerre sublimée. De cette analyse s'évincent cependant deux problématiques. Existe-t-il une constante au sein de l'Église de Rome relativement au droit de la guerre, une guerre qu'il faut gérer" au moins pire" possible, à l'instar de ce prescrivent les conventions internationales? La guerre n'est-elle qu'un moyen de survivre face à la peur de la mort, autrement dit ne serait-elle qu'une fatalité nécessaire ?

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Kunselman, David E. "Arab-Byzantine War, 629-644 AD." Ft. Leavenworth : Army Command and General Staff College, 2007. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA494014.

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Fenwick, Luke Peter. "Religion in the wake of 'total war' : Protestant and Catholic communities in Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt, 1945-9." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:65aa7e61-37ce-492a-8024-c94ac5b028bc.

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By May 1945, most major German cities lay in ruins, and a largely demoralised population struggled for subsistence in many areas. National Socialist remnants, Christian faith and communist ideology met in the rubble of the Third Reich. The Protestant and Catholic Churches attempted to ‘re-Christianise’ the Volk and reverse secularisation, while the German communists sought to inspire dynamism for their socialist project in Eastern Germany. This thesis recreates the religious world of Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia in the Soviet zone, 1945-9, and analyses ‘religio-politics’ (the interactions between the secular authorities and the Churches), the affairs of the priesthood/pastorate, and the behaviours, mentalities and emotions of ‘ordinary people’ amongst the pews. After the American withdrawal in July 1945, the Soviet authorities occupied the entirety of Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt, and they proclaimed a ‘freedom of religion’. The realities of this policy were different in each state, and the resolution or non-resolution of local-level disputes often determined Church and State relations. At the grassroots, though, many people engaged in a latent social revolt against all forms of authority. The Churches’ hopes of ‘re-Christianisation’ in 1945 were dashed by 1949, despite a brief and ultimately superficial ‘revival’. The majority of people did not attend church services regularly, many allegedly practiced ‘immorality’, and refused to adopt ‘Christian neighbourly love’ in helping often-destitute refugees. ‘Re-Christianisation’ also did not incur comprehensive denazification or a unified pastorate, and there was even a continuation of the Third Reich Kirchenkampf in some areas. Christian ideas of guilt for a popular turning from God, much less for Nazism and its crimes, rarely resonated amongst the population and some sections of the pastorate. This mentality encapsulated the popular rejection of authority, whether spiritual or political, that endured up to and beyond the foundation of the German Democratic Republic in October 1949.

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Bergman, Zandra. "“Holy” War on Human Rights : A hermeneutic study of the complex situation of human rights activists in Afghanistan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446122.

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Title: “Holy” War on Human Rights - A hermeneutic study of the complex situation of human rights activists in Afghanistan Author: Zandra Bergman Supervisor: Maud Eriksen Examiner: Johanna Romare Department of TheologyMaster program of Religion in Peace and ConflictMaster’s thesis, 15 credits In September 2020, the latest attempt to bring peace to Afghanistan, the intra-Afghan peace talks formally began. The opening of the peace negotiations failed to produce the long-desired ceasefire. Instead, it marked an increase of violence: a sharp number of deliberate killings of human rights defenders. The purpose of this study is to examine lived experiences of human rights activists in Afghanistan and the complex situation in which they are operating and to gain a deeper understanding of why they have increasingly been subject to violence. Furthermore, it is an attempt to explore the meaning of violence against Afghan human rights activists promoting women's rights. This is a hermeneutic study primarily based on data collected through interviews with two Afghan human rights activists. Rather than touch every topic and present data about an objective reality or truth, the aim is to shed light on the shared experiences of the respondents, providing snapshots of the current situation of Afghan human rights defenders, and to discuss their stories in the light of selected theories. The following research questions have been used to guide the study: (1) How can we understand the complex situation of human rights activists in Afghanistan, and (2) What are the underlying reasons they are being targeted? By adopting mainly, the concepts of hegemony: to decode underlying dimensions of power struggles, and a critical feminist approach: to grasp the gender dimensions of the conflict, I have exposed how my respondents in their positions of human rights defenders bring new life to a historical conflict of interests impinging on the future nature of Afghanistan. Moreover, they expose a recurrent clash between opposing hegemonic aspirations: a struggle over the maintenance of social order in the Afghan society, in which they are being placed at the center.

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Camilli, Coralie. "Messianisme, violence et conversion." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0011.

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Notre recherche s’autorise d’une réflexion sur le messianisme continûment menée à partir des sources juives, essentiellement bibliques et talmudiques. Depuis cet indispensable point de départ, elle s’interroge centralement sur la possibilité d’une conversion de la violence en tout autre chose qu’elle-même, à savoir en droit, dès lors que celui-ci est entendu à la lumière du droit hé-braïque, c’est-à-dire ouvert sur son propre au-delà. Cette ouverture est ici comprise à partir du temps et de la loi, de leur relation. Car le juridique et le messianique s’entre-confortent, moyennant toute une série de mises au point et de clarifications quant à leurs temporalités propres. Le messianisme ap-paraît ainsi au fil de notre investigation comme un défi conceptuel par où tentent de s’articuler les particularités de l’existence historique, les exigences politiques et les promesses prophétiques. Il permet ainsi d’engager une ré-flexion originale et singulière sur l’Etat, la politique, l’histoire, les rapports entre le religieux et ses formes sécularisées, le droit et la vie
Our thesis develops a reflection on the messianism continuously led from the Jewish, essentially biblical and talmudic sources. Since this essential starting point, we think here about the possibility of a conversion of the vio-lence in something quite different that itself, namely right or law, since this one is understood in the light of the Hebraic right, that is opened on his own beyond. This opening is understood here from time and law, from their rela-tion. Because the legal and the messianic enters consolidate, as a result of a whole series of clarifications and clarifications as for their appropriate tem-porality. The messianism so appears in our investigation as a theoretical challenge, which try to articulate the peculiarities of the historic existence, the political requirements and the prophetic promises. He so allows to have an original and singular reflection on State, politics, history, the relation-ships between religion and its secularized forms, right and life

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Neste, Berit Van. "Cicero and St. Augustine's Just War Theory: Classical Influences on a Christian Idea." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001467.

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Cohen, Shira. "“...Members of One and the Same Mystical Body…” Development of a British Protestant Identity During the Thirty Years War." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1557261154351325.

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Phillips, William. "Extremist religious ideologies and military strategy /." Fort Leavenworth, KS : Army Command and General Staff College, 2006. http://stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA463803.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'War and religion'

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