Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Walter Smith'

This thesis focuses specifically on what was taught in schools in South Australia in the context of art and design education. The period covered by the study extends from the 1880s, when a Central Educational Authority was established in South Australia, to the late 1920s, when significant changes to art and design philosophies and course designs became identifiable. The nature and content of the art and design courses designed and used in South Australia is examined against an historical background of influences such as the South Kensington System of drawing and that devised by Walter Smith for the Massachusetts educational system in the United States of America. The significant contribution of Harry Pelling Gill to the teaching of art and design in schools is closely examined. It is posited that his single influence affected the teaching of art and design in South Australian schools until well into the twentieth century. The process of the study looks in detail at the overall philosophies behind the teaching of art and design, the methodologies employed and the classroom practice which pupils and teachers undertook in the pursuit of courses outlined. Issues such as methods of teacher training, correspondence courses, examinations and exhibitions are considered as these relate to the central theme of the study. The study concludes in the late 1920s, with the advent of a revised course of instruction for public elementary schools, which heralded significant changes in both the content and methodology of art and design teaching in South Australian schools.

Entre as pragas de plantas cultivadas o complexo de espécies do gênero Spodoptera é uma das mais importantes. Spodoptera cosmioides e Spodoptera eridania têm sido relatadas como pragas de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum) e soja (Glycine max), enquanto que Spodoptera frugiperda de milho (Zea mays) e algodão. Este estudo teve por objetivo selecionar estirpes de Bacillus thuringiensis altamente patogênicas a S. cosmioides, S. eridania e diferentes populações de S. frugiperda, além de identificar proteínas Cry para o controle dessas espécies. O intuito deste trabalho também foi caracterizar, por métodos morfológicos e moleculares, estirpes de Bacillus thuringiensis que possam ser empregadas no controle biológico de S. cosmioides, S. eridania e S. frugiperda através de uma formulação. Cem estirpes que apresentaram toxicidade a insetos da ordem Lepidoptera foram avaliadas através de bioensaio seletivo quanto a patogenicidade a três espécies de Spodoptera Bioensaios de dose foram realizados com estirpes de B. thuringiensis que causaram mortalidade acima de 70% no bioensaio seletivo. Foi determinada a concentração letal (CL50) de estirpes de B. thuringiensis sobre S. eridania, S. cosmioides e populações de S. frugiperda dos estados da Bahia e Paraná. Após a caracterização molecular, as proteínas Cry, identificadas e comuns entre as estirpes, foram purificadas para a realização do bioensaio de dose contra as três espécies estudadas. As estirpes que demonstraram serem promissoras no controle das três espécies de Spodoptera foram formuladas. Para os bioensaios de dose e avaliação dos formulados preliminares, as concentrações foram preparadas e inoculadas em dieta artificial. A avaliação da mortalidade das lagartas foi realizada no segundo e quinto dia após o inicio do bioensaio de dose e dos formulados. As estirpes S608, BR9, BR10, BR37 e BR45 proporcionaram alta mortalidade sobre S. eridania, S. cosmioides e S. frugiperda, tendo sido identificadas, através de PCR, os genes cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B e cry2; cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B, cry2; cry1Aa cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B, cry3; cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ad, cry1C, cry1D, cry1E, cry2 e cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B, cry3 no DNA das estirpes S608, BR9, BR10, BR37 e BR45 respectivamente. S. eridania e S. cosmioides foram mais susceptíveis a proteína Cry2A e Cry1Ab respectivamente, já S. frugiperda apresentou alta mortalidade às proteínas Cry1Aa e Cry1Ab. Com relação aos formulados, todos proporcionaram mortalidade de 100% na dose estudada. A identificação de estirpes de B. thuringiensis patogênicas oferece novas perspectivas de controle dessas três espécies de Spodoptera.
Among the pests of cultivated plants the species of the gender Spodoptera is one of the most important. Spodoptera cosmioides and Spodoptera eridania were reported as cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and soybean pests (Glycine max), while Spodoptera frugiperda corn (Zea mays) and cotton pests. The objectives of this research were select strains of Bacillus thuringiensis could be effective against S. cosmioides, S. eridania and different geographical populations of S. frugiperda, besides identifying proteins Cry for the control of those species. The intention of this work also was characterized by morphologic and molecular methods, strains that can be used in the biological control of S. cosmioides, S. eridania and S. frugiperda through a formulation. One hundred strains that presented toxicity to insects of the order Lepidoptera had been tested against larvae of three species of Spodoptera through selective bioassay. Dose Bioassay was accomplished with strains of B. thuringiensis that caused mortality above 70% in the selective bioassay. The CL50 of S. eridania, S. cosmioides and populations of S. frugiperda of the states of Bahia and Paraná were determinated by strains of B. thuringiensis. After the molecular characterization, the proteins Cry, identified and common among the strains, were purified for the accomplishment of the dose bioassay against the three species. The strains that demonstrated are promising in the control of the three species Spodoptera were formulated. For the dose bioassay and evaluation of the formulated preliminaries, the concentrations were prepared and inoculated in artificial diet. The mortality evaluation of the caterpillars was accomplished in the second and fifth day after the dose bioassay and the formulation test. The strains S608, BR9, BR10, BR37 and BR45 showed high mortality to the larvae of S. eridania, S. cosmioides and S. frugiperda, were identified, through PCR, the genes cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B and cry2; cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B, cry2; cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B, cry3; cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ad, cry1C, cry1D, cry1E, cry2 and cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1B, cry3 in DNA of the strains S608, BR9, BR10, BR37 and BR45 respectively. S. eridania and S. cosmioides were more susceptibility the protein Cry2A and Cry1Ab respectively, S. frugiperda presented high mortality to the proteins Cry1Aa and Cry1Ab. The formulations caused 100% mortality. The identification of strains of B. thuringiensis with high level of insecticidal activity of three species Spodoptera offers new perspectives of control.

The development of major commercial airports promotes the air transport industry and generates positive economic benefits to the airport and to its host economy. However, external costs are associated with these benefits. Any increase in aircraft movement causes negative environmental impacts, especially noise pollution. Governments have reduced aircraft noise levels at their sources, or introduced aircraft noise management strategies (ANMS); however the problems have never been satisfactorily resolved. This research aims at developing a better understanding of the impacts of aircraft noise on community health and well-being by exploring two core research questions: (1) ???Is health related quality of life worse in communities chronically exposed to aircraft noise than in communities not exposed????; and (2) ???Does long-term aircraft noise exposure associate with adult high blood pressure level via noise stress as a mediating factor????. The Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport has been selected as a case study. The health survey instruments have been developed and piloted, and then translated from English into Greek and Arabic. A postal self-administrative health survey (with follow-up letters) has been implemented in the areas surrounding Sydney Airport (called ???aircraft noise exposure group???) and in the matched control group. The total sample size was 1,500 with 47% response rate. This thesis has developed a ???new??? noise index (named Noise Gap Index, NGI) to describe and assess aircraft noise in such a way that is easily understood by the layperson. Factorial analysis of covariance revealed that ???Health related quality of life, in term of physical functioning, general health, vitality, and mental health, of community chronically exposed to high aircraft noise level were worse than the matched control area???. Binary logistic regression analysis found that ???Subjects (aged 15 ??? 87) who have been chronically exposed to high aircraft noise level have the odds of 2.61 of having chronic noise stress. In addition person who have chronic noise stress have the odds of 2.74 of having hypertension compared with those without chronic noise stress???. Finally, the robust hypotheses of effects of aircraft noise on community health and well-being for future experimental study were proposed.

The Laie Hawaii Temple majestically overlooks the beaches of Oahu and has stood as an emblem of the Latter-day Saint faith to the world since 1919. Although the structure is iconic and highly significant to Latter-day Saints, a comprehensive history of the Laie Hawaii Temple has never been published. This thesis provides such a history from the conception of the temple until its dedication. The history of this particular temple is important for several reasons. At its dedication, the temple in Laie became the fifth operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It was the first dedicated temple outside of the state of Utah (following the exodus) and outside of North America. It was also the first temple built in one of the missions of the Church. It was a pioneering temple as one of the first that catered to a large number of patrons from different cultures speaking different languages. Its multi-cultural, multi-lingual integration is something that would not be seen in other temples for several decades. Over the years, the temple and the attractions built around it have drawn millions of other visitors as well. Its location has made it an internationally recognized edifice and a valuable tool for the Church to introduce its message to the world. This history is also compelling because of what the temple in Laie, Hawaii represents in terms of the Latter-day Saint conception of the doctrine of the "gathering." As the first temple built outside of the traditional centers of Mormon colonization, this temple became an early prototype of a method of gathering that does not appear to begin taking hold Church-wide until the mid-twentieth century. Ahead of its time in other ways, the temple was built in a place where, according to the thinking of the time, Church membership was not yet sizable enough to warrant a temple. This thesis explains why the temple was built in Hawaii. These aspects of the temple's history produced ramifications that continue to impact the Church today, nearly 100 years later. As with many temples, a folk history of oral tradition has developed around the story of the Laie Hawaii Temple. This thesis will also provide a review of the historical record and offer clarity in sorting through that tradition.

Image and Imagination: Creative Photography and the South Wales Valleys, explores the development of practices within photography undertaken in and about the South Wales Valleys during the second half of the twentieth century. Central to this study is an examination of the work of the American photographer W. Eugene Smith, who photographed in the Valleys in 1950, and how his practice influenced the wider development of 'creative photography'. The term 'creative photography' is applied here as a description of photography during a period of its transition, moving beyond a recognised position as a pragmatic communicative medium, toward its wider acknowledgement as a significant form of artistic expression. This study considers a range of processes through which photography largely achieved this acceptance. Particular consideration is given to the development of Smith's career, and how his work moved between ever shifting photo-journalistic and photo-art contexts. Photographers working in the Valleys subsequent to Smith are also examined, including those engaged in the Valleys Project' undertaken during the I980's. This study reveals how social, economic and political factors not only shaped Smith's work, but also shaped the increasingly varied modes of photographic representation seen in the latter part of the twentieth century. The study initially considers the South Wales of the mid-twentieth century and how both cinematic and photographic imagery of the region in the decades prior to 1950 engendered particular photographic responses from later visitors. The national and international contexts for the developments in photographic practice such as magazine and book publishing, along with the growing institutional advocacy for exhibiting photography are also examined. The study concludes with an evaluation of the current status of photographic practice relating to the Valleys of South Wales.

A la suite de l'introduction accidentelle du puceron russe du ble diuraphis noxia (mordvilko, 1913) aux etats-unis en 1986, un programme de lutte biologique contre ce ravageur a ete mis en place. Les recherches ont ete realisees dans divers domaines pour mettre au point des strategies de lutte, telles que la selection et l'introduction de parasitoides, de predateurs et d'organismes pathogenes. L'etude presentee ici a ete realisee dans le but d'evaluer la pathogenicite de l'hyphomycete paecilomyces fumosoroseus (wise) brown & smith sur le puceron russe du ble, ainsi que les effets directs et indirects du champignon sur aphelinus asychis (walker), un endoparasitoide primaire du ravageur. Cette etude a ete conduite dans diverses conditions environnementales, en laboratoire et au champ. L'activite pathogene, basee sur une forte mortalite pendant les trois premiers jours apres l'application du champignon ainsi que sur le pourcentage eleve d'insectes mycoses, montre pour la premiere fois le potentiel represseur de p. Fumosoroseus contre d. Noxia. Les resultats de l'interaction hote-pathogene-parasitoide montrent que le comportement discriminatoire d'a. Asychis vis-a-vis de d. Noxia infecte par p. Fumosoroseus apres le sondage de l'hote reduit la possibilite de ponte dans les pucerons malades et augmente les chances de transmission du champignon. Par ailleurs, aucun effet negatif n'a ete observe, sur la longevite, la fecondite et la taille des femelles de la generation f1 emergees de d. Noxia, quel que soit l'intervalle de temps note entre l'application fongique et le parasitisme par a. Asychis. Ces constatations montrent bien l'effet combine entre p. Fumosoroseus et a. Asychis. Cependant, dans les conditions les plus favorables au champignon, p. Fumosoroseus provoque une forte mortalite des adultes d'a. Asychis et reduit la vitesse de marche et la distance parcourue des femelles survivantes traitees, ce qui pourraient entrainer dans les conditions naturelles une reduction du taux de parasitisme et/ou de predation du parasitoide. Contrairement a ce que l'on observe au laboratoire, le champignon n'a eu aucun effet defavorable sur le parasitoide quand les deux agents ont ete associes au champ. Ces nouvelles connaissances sur les interactions entre a. Asychis et les champignons entomopathogenes de d. Noxia pourront permettre de definir une meilleure strategie pour les programmes de lutte integree

Through the use of mixed media, I explore imagery that reveals the trauma of returning combat veterans, of which I am one, as we try to reintegrate into a society that does not understand the war that still lingers within us. In my work, I depict emotional disturbances that are related to my personal encounters with war. My working process starts by referencing mainstream media imagery, which I juxtapose against harsh images inspired by veterans' drug and alcohol use, trauma and death. My black-and-white pixelated paintings feature the fragmented memories of a hostile combat environment, and although “Out of My Mind” depicts the chaotic emotions associated with PTSD, my whimsical style of illustration suggests a detachment from reality. Whether we call it shell shock, battle fatigue or PTSD, the war-related disorder is real. I want society to be aware of the hidden scars that our veterans carry with them. I do not anticipate my subject matter changing any time soon.
M.F.A.
Masters
Visual Arts and Design
Arts and Humanities
Emerging Media; Studio Art and the Computer

UBC's Drs. Walter Hardy, Doug Bonn and Ruixing Liang were awarded the 2006 Brockhouse Canada Prize for Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Engineering. A partnership between Dr. Helen Burt's reseach laboratory and Angiotech Pharmaceuticals has earned the 2006 NSERC Synergy Award for Innovation.

Feeling forgotten charts a shift in late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century English literature that is structured on a crisis of memory. This shift consists in a movement towards a literary construction of aesthetic and moral self-forgetfulness that draws its intense power from an anxiety about human mortality and historical forgetting. Through analyses of texts that depict the need to overcome individual and cultural loss through a desire for oblivion, Feeling forgotten contends that the Romantic period gave birth to anti-mnemonic aesthetic in which the displacement of a perceived loss of the feeling of lived memories into various literary fictions preserves the past in such a way as to answer an unavoidable loss of feeling by asserting that the past, one's own and others, can be felt (again) in the complex affective experience found in reading about the past. In a more ambitious sense, Feeling forgotten attempts to point the way towards an understanding of Romantic and post-Romantic nostalgia as a strong rejection of its melancholic forbearers and as a response to late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century self-forgetting. Indeed, the rejection of this more complex Romantic form of nostalgia, one in which the always frustrated attempt to inscribe forgetfulness itself into the text of memory is productive of the ongoing act of writing, would become the founding principle for later forms of nostalgia that seek to render forgetting as an act that resides outside the written text. Based on a reorientation of Charlotte Smith's poetic archive of feelings, which defines feeling as the failure of poetry to contain and defuse feelings themselves, and the passionate rationalism of William Godwin's early nineteenth century texts, in which self-analysis serves as both the generator and corruptor of the sympathetic feelings found in sentimental literature, Walter Scott's passive, amnesiac romances stage the fantasy of an evasion from the political and material significance of history.
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A Romantic Bildung: The Development of Coming-of-Age Novels in the Romantic Period (1782-1817) explore la naissance et le développement du roman de formation en Europe à l’époque romantique. Celle-ci est le témoin de nombreuses discussions sur les Droits de l’homme et de la montée du nationalisme en Europe. Au même moment, la littérature se transforme pour laisser plus de place à la subjectivité du personnage. Tout cela donne naissance à un nouveau genre littéraire : le Bildungsroman, ou roman de formation et d’éducation. Contrairement à la définition actuelle du genre, le Bildungsroman est transnational, c’est-à-dire qu’il ne provient pas exclusivement d’Allemagne, mais de partout en Europe. A Romantic Bildung se penche donc sur le sujet en analysant de façon thématique la trame narrative de Cecilia, or Memoirs of an Heiress (1782), Emmeline, the Orphan of the Castle (1788), Mansfield Park (1814), Waverley; or, 'Tis Sixty Years Since (1814), Emma (1815), ainsi que d’Ormond, a Tale (1817) et sur leur appartenance au roman de l’époque romantique. En comparant les étapes d’éducation, d’indépendance, et de retour à la société des protagonistes, ces romans font ressortir les similitudes qui caractérisent le Bildungsroman.
A Romantic Bildung: The Development of Coming-of-Age Novels in the Romantic Period (1782-1817) explores the birth and development of the Bildungsroman during the Romantic period. The latter is characterized by the numerous discourses on the Rights of men as well as the rise of nationalism. At the same time, Romantic writers transform literature by increasing the protagonist’s subjectivity and in turns, create a new genre of narrative: the Bildungsroman, in which the protagonist’s development and growth is the main focus. Contrary to current definition of the genre, the Bildungsroman—or coming-of-age novel—is a transnational product: it is obviously found in Germany, but also in France, England, Ireland, and Scotland, to name a few, during the Romantic period. Through a thematic analysis of Cecilia, or Memoirs of an Heiress (1782), Emmeline, the Orphan of the Castle (1788), Mansfield Park (1814), Waverley; or, 'Tis Sixty Years Since (1814), Emma (1815), and Ormond, A Tale (1815), A Romantic Bildung traces the narrative structure of the genre and it locates its essence in the Romantic novel. By comparing the narrative’s steps of education, independence, and return to society, the characteristics of the genre are revealed.

Analyzing novels by Sheri Reynolds, Lee Smith, Barbara Kingsolver, Alice Walker, Gloria Naylor, and Sue Monk Kidd, I argue that these authors challenge religious structures by dramatizing the struggle between love and resentment that brings many women to the point of crisis but also inspires imaginative and generative processes of appropriation and revision, emphasizing not destination but process. Employing first-person narration in coming-of-age stories, Smith, Reynolds, and Kingsolver highlight the various narratives that govern the experiences of children born into religious cultures, including narratives of sexual development, gender identity, and religious conversion, to portray the difficulty of articulating female experience within the limited lexicon of Christian fundamentalism. As they mature into adulthood, the girl characters in these novels break from tradition to develop new consciousness by altering and adapting religious language, understood as open and malleable rather than authoritative and fixed. Smith, Kidd, and Naylor incorporate the Virgin Mary and divine maternal figures from non-Christian traditions to restore the mother-daughter relationship that is eclipsed by the Father and Son in Christian tradition. Identifying the female body as a site of spiritual knowledge, these authors present a metaphorical return to the womb that empowers their characters to embrace divine maternal love that transgresses the masculine symbolic order, displacing (but not necessarily destroying) the authority of God the Father and His human representatives. Reynolds and Walker portray physical pain, central to the Christian image of crucifixion, as destroying the ability of women to speak, denying them subjectivity. Through transgressive sexual relationships infused with religious significance, these authors disrupt the Christian moral paradigm by presenting bodily pleasure as an alternative to the Christian valorization of sacrifice. The replacement of pain with pleasure inspires imaginative work that makes private spirituality shareable through artistic creation. The novels I study present themes that also concern Christian and non-Christian feminist theologians: the development of feminine images of the divine, emphasis on immanence over transcendence, the apprehension of the divine in nature, and the necessity of challenging the reification of religious images and dualisms that undermine female subjectivity. I show the reciprocal relationship between fiction and theology, as theologians treat women's literature as sacred texts and fiction writers give life to abstract religious concepts through narrative.