Journal articles on the topic 'Walking routine'
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Konradi, Donna B., and Brenda L. Lyon. "Measuring Adherence to a Self-Care Fitness Walking Routine." Journal of Community Health Nursing 17, no. 3 (September 2000): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327655jchn1703_04.
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Ezati, Mahdokht, Majid Khadiv, and S. Ali A. Moosavian. "An Investigation on the Usefulness of Employing a Two-Segment Foot for Traversing Stairs." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 14, no. 04 (November 16, 2017): 1750027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021984361750027x.
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In this paper, effects of employing toe-off and heel-contact gait phases on the performance of bipedal robots traversing stairs are examined. The main goal is to demonstrate the hypothesis that employing toes and heels during walking up and down stairs improves the gait performance in terms of actuating joint torques and energy consumption. For this purpose, a comprehensive dynamics model for a 3D biped robot is developed and the inverse dynamics solutions during various walking phases are presented. To realize walking up and down stairs, a zero moment point (ZMP)-based pattern generation routine in the task space is proposed. In this routine, first, trajectories for the feet and the pelvis in the task space are designed to realize the desired task and preserve the feasibility constraints. Then, consistent with the topology of walking, suitable trajectory for the toe joint is generated. To examine the effects of heel-contact and toe-off gait phases, three walking topologies for walking up stairs and four walking topologies for walking down stairs, depending on the use of toe-off and heel-contact motions, are considered. For these topologies, the optimization procedure is conducted to yield the optimal patterns. Finally, the obtained patterns are compared in terms of energy consumption and joint torques, while obtained results show a significant improvement in the gait performance in terms of considered cost functions.
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Bethoux, Francois. "Should We Routinely Monitor Walking in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis?" US Neurology 10, no. 02 (2014): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usn.2014.10.02.109.
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Walking is frequently affected by multiple sclerosis (MS), and mounting evidence demonstrates the impact of walking limitations on the lives of our patients, based on self-report measures and clinical assessments. While assessing the various aspects of walking can be complex and time-consuming, simple tools have been validated, which open the door to routine quantitative measurement of walking in the clinical management of our patients. The use of newer, widely available, and relatively affordable technologies, may improve the feasibility of such measurements, and potentially bring them into the patients own environment.
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Duvall, Jason, and Raymond De Young. "Some Strategies for Sustaining a Walking Routine: Insights From Experienced Walkers." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 10, no. 1 (January 2013): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.10.1.10.
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Background:This study explores the strategies that experienced walkers felt were most useful for sustaining outdoor walking routines. To investigate this issue, a survey-based instrument was used in combination with a Conceptual Content Cognitive Mapping (3CM) exercise.Methods:Seventy-one experienced walkers were asked to complete the 3CM exercise to explore the strategies that have helped them regularly walk outdoors. After 1 week these same individuals received a survey investigating these same issues as well as demographics and physical activity participation.Results:There was general agreement between 3CM and survey data with respect to the strategies used by experienced walkers. The most highly endorsed strategies involved using health goals and supportive walking environments. Survey results also revealed that those more likely to endorse the use of social support took fewer walks per week, but engaged in more nonwalking related physical activity.Conclusions:Overall, the findings suggest that experienced walkers use a variety of strategies. Strategies such as focusing of the positive health outcomes, using attractive natural settings, and developing realistic action plans appeared to be the most useful. These results also indicate the 3CM technique may be an effective way to explore beliefs and motivations regarding physical activity.
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Reynolds, Andrew N., Ian Moodie, Bernard Venn, and Jim Mann. "How do we support walking prescriptions for type 2 diabetes management? Facilitators and barriers following a 3-month prescription." Journal of Primary Health Care 12, no. 2 (2020): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc20023.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONPrescribing physical activity is an inexpensive method to promote patients’ long-term health, but determinants of adherence with physical activity prescriptions are seldom considered. AIMTo identify facilitators and barriers experienced by adults with type 2 diabetes when prescribed regular walking. METHODSParticipants were prescribed a regular walking routine that met current physical activity guidelines for type 2 diabetes management for a period of 3 months. Pre- and post-intervention questions considered participants’ self-rated health and physical activity amount. Thematic analysis of recorded interviews held after the 3-month prescription identified barriers and facilitators to adherence for participants. RESULTSTwenty-eight adults (aged 60±9 years, body mass index 32.3±4.0kg/m2, HbA1c 59±16mmol/mol) participated in the 3-month intervention, providing 7 years of lived experience. Self-rated health (14%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 7–22%) and time spent walking (+11 min/day; 95% CI 4–18 min/day) increased following the prescription. Major themes motivating participants were: establishing a walking routine; the support of their family members; observing health benefits; and being monitored by a health professional. The greatest barriers were associated with walking in the evening and included feelings of insecurity in the dark or a preference for sedentary behaviour. DISCUSSIONA prescription to walk increased time spent in physical activity and self-rated health in adults with type 2 diabetes. Health-care professionals can support walking prescriptions by promoting facilitators and reducing barriers to prescription adherence. Practical solutions to barriers include identifying alternative physical activity opportunities within the house or advice to develop support networks to provide company while walking.
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Ladru, Danielle Ekman, and Katarina Gustafson. "‘Yay, a downhill!’: Mobile preschool children’s collective mobility practices and ‘doing’ space in walks in line." Journal of Pedagogy 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 87–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jped-2018-0005.
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Abstract In the field of early childhood research children’s mobility is usually discussed only in terms of physical activity in the preschool yard. More seldom is it discussed in terms of mobility practices and how young children move in public spaces. With unique detailed video-ethnographic data on mobile preschools and a new combination of theories on space, mobilities and peer culture this article analyses how young children negotiate mobility practices and engage in embodied learning in the collective preschool routine of walking in line. Two empirical examples of walking in line in contrasting public spaces show how the mobile preschool group moves in space as a collective body co-produced by children’s and teachers’ individual bodies. It is argued that walks in line are not merely a form of ‘transport’ between places but are important as social and learning spaces. While walking in line, children collectively ‘do’ space in diverse ways depending on where and how they move, and in relation to where and when teachers negotiate safety issues. In this process, the spaces, activities and routines alike are transformed.
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Seekamp, Sarah, James Dollman, and Susan Gilbert-Hunt. "Previously inactive rural adults’ experiences of commencing and maintaining a walking routine following participation in a walking intervention." Australian Journal of Rural Health 24, no. 3 (December 23, 2015): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajr.12254.
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Hongu, Nobuko, Mieko Shimada, Rieko Miyake, Yusuke Nakajima, Ichirou Nakajima, and Yutaka Yoshitake. "Promoting Stair Climbing as an Exercise Routine among Healthy Older Adults Attending a Community-Based Physical Activity Program." Sports 7, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7010023.
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Stair climbing provides a feasible opportunity for increasing physical activity (PA) in daily living. The purpose of this study was to examine the daily walking and stair-climbing steps among healthy older adults (age: 74.0 ± 4.9 years; Body Mass Index (BMI): 22.3 ± 2.5 kg/m2). Participants (34 females and 15 males) attended a weekly 6-month community-based PA program. During the entire program period, daily walking and stair-climbing steps were recorded using a pedometer (Omron, HJA-403C, Kyoto, Japan). Before and after the 6-month program, height, body weight and leg muscle strength were assessed. After the 6-month program, the mean walking and stair-climbing steps in both women and men increased significantly (p ≤ 0.01). Daily stair-climbing steps increased about 36 steps in women and 47 steps in men. At the end of 6 months, only male participants had significant correlation between the number of stair steps and leg muscle strength (r = 0.428, p = 0.037). This study reported that healthy older adults attending the community-based PA program had regular stair-climbing steps during daily living. Promoting stair climbing as an exercise routine was feasible to increase their walking and stair-climbing steps.
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Moneta, G. L. "Walking Exercise in Patients With Intermittent Claudication. Experience in Routine Clinical Practice." Yearbook of Vascular Surgery 2006 (January 2006): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-4041(08)70170-2.
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Raine, Rosi, Anne Roberts, Lynne Callaghan, Zoe Sydenham, and Katrina Bannigan. "Factors affecting sustained engagement in walking for health: A focus group study." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 80, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308022616662283.
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Introduction Health guidance recommends walking as a means to achieve advised levels of physical activity. The aims of the research were to consider the experience of the occupation of walking in relation to health and wellbeing, factors that lead to sustained engagement in walking and factors influencing the sustainable provision of walking groups, to inform practice. Method This phenomenological study considered the experience of eight walking group members and six walk leaders. Data were gathered using three focus groups. Transcriptions were thematically analysed. Findings Participants perceived that the experience of walking groups included improved feelings of wellbeing, and meaning derived from social support and connection with nature. Participants reported changes that improved the health of walkers and their families. Factors considered to influence sustained engagement in walking included appropriate challenge and variety, woodland developments, accommodation of routine, use of local green space and consideration of barriers. Factors considered to influence the sustainable provision of walking groups included facilitation style, health champions, marketing approaches and clarity and collaboration with primary care referrers. Conclusion Walking groups can be used to support individuals to engage in health-promoting occupations. An occupational perspective can usefully inform practice.
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Bethoux, Francois, and Susan Bennett. "Evaluating Walking in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis." International Journal of MS Care 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073-13.1.4.
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Walking limitations are among the most visible manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS). Regular walking assessments should be a component of patient management and require instruments that are appropriate from the clinician's and the patient's perspectives. This article reviews frequently used instruments to assess walking in patients with MS, with emphasis on their validity, reliability, and practicality in the clinical setting. Relevant articles were identified based on PubMed searches using the following terms: “multiple sclerosis AND (walking OR gait OR mobility OR physical activity) AND (disability evaluation)”; references of relevant articles were also searched. Although many clinician- and patient-driven instruments are available, not all have been validated in MS, and some are not sensitive enough to detect small but clinically important changes. Choosing among these depends on what needs to be measured, psychometric properties, the clinical relevance of results, and practicality with respect to space, time, and patient burden. Of the instruments available, the clinician-observed Timed 25-Foot Walk and patient self-report 12-Item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale have properties that make them suitable for routine evaluation of walking performance. The Dynamic Gait Index and the Timed Up and Go test involve other aspects of mobility, including balance. Tests of endurance, such as the 2- or 6-Minute Walk, may provide information on motor fatigue not captured by other tests. Quantitative measurement of gait kinetics and kinematics, and recordings of mobility in the patient's environment via accelerometry or Global Positioning System odometry, are currently not routinely used in the clinical setting.
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An, Ning, and Jing Chuo. "Walking and Activeness: The First Step toward the Prevention of Strokes and Mental Illness." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (March 14, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3440437.
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Physical activity, especially routine walking, is an imperative factor for the prevention of strokes, mental illness, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The NIH (National Institute of Health) has also acknowledged walking as the most important factor of the stroke rehabilitation program. Many research studies are presented by physicians and researchers in the literature that highlight the positive impacts of walking on human health (physical and mental). This paper has the objective of studying the impact of regular walking, especially on mental illness, CVDs, and strokes. The C-reactive protein (CRP), P-selectin protein, and homocysteine biomarkers are considered to decide the improvement in the health of an individual with respect to CVDs and strokes. The other parameters considered for the recommendations of physicians and healthcare experts for mental health are PSS (perceived stress score) and ESS (Epworth sleepiness score) that control mental illness. The values are measured for the participating subjects before participating in the walking activity and after the end of the walking schedule to see the impact on individuals. The overall mental and physical health of an individual contributes to the chances of occurrence of CVDs, mental illness, and strokes in individuals aged between 40 years and 55 years, as per the study presented in this paper. The results show that the PSS and ESS scores are improved after the walking activity. Eventually, it improved recovery from many kinds of mental illness and also reduced the chances of strokes. Similarly, the levels of the biomarkers that determine the chances of an individual having CVD or stroke also improved. Walking can impact our overall health in many ways, however, in this paper, the focus is given to ailments, such as strokes, CVDs, and mental illness. The results show that stress and improper sleepiness can impact mental health negatively. The research outcome is measured by adding walking in a routine life so that every individual can get rid of many physical and mental ailments. The results presented in the paper reveal that the 90-day walking program has created a good impact on the health of individuals by improving their physical and mental health.
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Fonseca, Fernando, Elisa Conticelli, George Papageorgiou, Paulo Ribeiro, Mona Jabbari, Simona Tondelli, and Rui Ramos. "Levels and Characteristics of Utilitarian Walking in the Central Areas of the Cities of Bologna and Porto." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 3064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063064.
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Walking is a mode of transport that offers many environmental and health benefits. Utilitarian walking refers to walking trips undertaken to fulfil routine purposes. The aim of this paper is to examine the extent to which walking is used as a transport mode for short urban trips in the city centers of Bologna and Porto and the barriers preventing utilitarian walking. Based on a questionnaire (n = 1117) administered in the two cities, results indicated that 21% of the individuals travel by foot, while 47% combine walking with other modes. This means that 68% of the daily trips to these city centers involve walking activity. From the overall trips, 84% were made to reach work and school/university. Statistical tests showed that utilitarian walkers were more likely to be females (p < 0.001) and undergraduates (p < 0.001). People from Bologna were more likely to engage in utilitarian walking than people from Porto (p < 0.001). Travel distance and time were the main barriers preventing people from engaging in utilitarian walking. The findings described in this paper provide a better understanding of utilitarian walking in the central areas of both cities, which can guide policies to promote healthier lifestyles and sustainable mobility.
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Katzel, Leslie I., Frederick M. Ivey, John D. Sorkin, Richard F. Macko, Barbara Smith, and Lisa M. Shulman. "Impaired Economy of Gait and Decreased Six-Minute Walk Distance in Parkinson's Disease." Parkinson's Disease 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/241754.
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Changes in the biomechanics of gait may alter the energy requirements of walking in Parkinson's Disease (PD). This study investigated economy of gait during submaximal treadmill walking in 79 subjects with mild to moderate PD and the relationship between gait economy and 6-minute walk distance (6 MW). Oxygen consumption (VO2) at the self-selected treadmill walking speed averaged 64% of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). Submaximal VO2levels exceeded 70% of VO2peak in 30% of the subjects. Overall the mean submaximal VO2was 51% higher than VO2levels expected for the speed and grade consistent with severe impairment in economy of gait. There was an inverse relationship between economy of gait and 6MW (r=−0.31,P<0.01) and with the self-selected walking speed (r=−0.35,P<0.01). Thus, the impairment in economy of gait and decreased physiologic reserve result in routine walking being performed at a high percentage of VO2peak.
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Smith, Amber. "Walking and Collecting: How can our thinking on materials and process in contemporary collection-based art be realised through the act and purpose of walking?" Journal of Public Pedagogies, no. 5 (November 10, 2020): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15209/jpp.1213.
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Walking and art have long been intertwined, much like collecting and art. As best put by artist Patrick Pound, it’s the notion of a ‘gathering of thoughts, through things’ (Pound, 2017) – a way of combatting the dispersive and entropic nature of the artefact-centric world we live in. Walking is it the ‘modality of lived experience’ (Forgione, 2005); an everyday, routine activity and yet one that as conscious beings, we know to be much more than just walking. What walking and collectingshare is a preoccupation with time, scope, and a need to find a sense of completion to – or perhaps dominion over – the overwhelming expanse of our existence. It can then be theorised that walking and collecting when done in unison, are the process and method that provide the artist with the contextual and conceptual mechanisms for the acquisition and subsequent display of these thoughts.
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Bastos, Alana Maria Ferreira Guimarães, Carolina Souza Neves da Costa, and Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira Rocha. "Do sit-to-stand performance changes during gait acquisition?" Motriz: Revista de Educação Física 20, no. 2 (June 2014): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-65742014000200008.
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In a child's daily routine, sit-to-stand (STS) is a prerequisite activity for many functional tasks. The relationship between gait and other abilities has been pointed out by many authors, but there is no study investigating the changes in STS during gait acquisition in children. The purpose of this study was to analyse, in healthy children, changes that occur in STS performance during gait acquisition. Five healthy children were initially assessed with an average age of 13.6 months. The kinematics in STS movement performance of the children was evaluated longitudinally during different periods of walking experience: children who have not acquired independent walking, 8.2 (±8.4) days of independent walking experience, and 86.2 (±8.7) days of independent walking experience. At the gait acquisition period we found a significant decrease in the final trunk flexion angle and an increase in amplitude of the trunk flexion. The walking experience may have changed the execution of the STS movement.
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Leister, Iris, Lukas D. Linde, Anh Khoa Vo, Thomas Haider, Georg Mattiassich, Lukas Grassner, Wolfgang Schaden, et al. "Routine Blood Chemistry Predicts Functional Recovery After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Post Hoc Analysis." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 35, no. 4 (February 22, 2021): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968321992328.
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Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to various degrees of lifelong functional deficits. Most individuals with incomplete SCI experience a certain degree of functional recovery, especially within the first-year postinjury. However, this is difficult to predict, and surrogate biomarkers are urgently needed. Objective We aimed to (1) determine if routine blood chemistry parameters are related to neurological recovery after SCI, (2) evaluate if such parameters could predict functional recovery, and (3) establish cutoff values that could inform clinical decision-making. Methods We performed a post hoc analysis of routine blood chemistry parameters in patients with traumatic SCI (n = 676). Blood samples were collected between 24 and 72 hours as well as at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 52 weeks postinjury. Linear mixed models, regression analysis, and unbiased recursive partitioning (URP) of blood chemistry data were used to relate to and predict walking recovery 1 year postinjury. Results The temporal profile of platelet counts and serum levels of albumin, alkaline phosphatase, and creatinine differentiated patients who recovered walking from those who remained wheelchair bound. The 4 blood chemistry parameters from the sample collection 8 weeks postinjury predicted functional recovery observed 1 year after incomplete SCI. Finally, URP defined a cutoff for serum albumin at 3.7 g/dL, which in combination with baseline injury severity differentiates individuals who regain ambulation from those not able to walk. Specifically, about 80% of those with albumin >3.7 g/dL recovered walking. Conclusions Routine blood chemistry data from the postacute phase, together with baseline injury severity, predict functional outcome after incomplete SCI.
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Shanthini, J., P. Arunkumar, S. Karthik, and N. Karthikeyan. "Interpretation of Gait Supervising Mechanism Using Sensor Integrated Makeshift and Analysing Pattern by K-Means Clustering Algorithm." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): 2598–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3847.
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Human mobility or walking pattern(gait) is described as the interpreter movements of the rotatory body to achieve extensive range of locomotion. Gait analysis is foremost widely used technique for identifying abnormalities in the lower extremities and gait characteristics essentially support HAT (Head, Arm & Trunk). The act of walking is unconscious when there are no dysfunctions, but for ambulated the continuous monitoring is required. The existing clinical analysis method couldn’t achieve the daily walking routine within the confinement of a room.The proposed method focuses on developing an ambulatory system on daily routines by incorporating feasible techniques for achieving the gait pattern which is not confined to a room atmosphere where all possibilities of walking pattern can’t be reached.This system has expounded an ideology, to interpret the gait parameters using an insole type shoe integrated sensor system. Here, a wearable gait system which is incorporated with force resistive sensors, piezo sensors, inertial sensors and IR sensors are interfaced to the ESP 32. The corresponding sensors extract the data of kinematic angles, kinetics, foot pressure, step count and foot stride investigations.The system proved to be efficient in finding the phases and orientation of the individual by interpreting values from the device. Acquired data can be clustered together to find the abnormal and normal values by applying K-Means clustering algorithm, later the values are utilized in biomechanics for rectifying posture or movement related problems.The device will have several applications in sports, rehabilitation medicine and post-surgery treatment.
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Calve, Tatiane, and Ana Maria F. Barela. "The use of a non-pedal tricycle to promote physical activity in nursing home residents: a pilot study." Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v15i2.194.
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BACKGROUND: Elderly individuals living in nursing homes are usually inactive and do not seem motivated to engage in physical activity. Therefore, it is important to investigate new possibilities that enable them to be active in these environments. AIM: To investigate the feasibility of a protocol using a non-pedal tricycle in elderly individuals living in nursing homes and its effects on improving endurance, walking speed, and functional mobility. METHOD: Fourteen nursing home residents aged from 60 to 93 years were included in the study protocol. They were randomly allocated into two groups: control (CG) and intervention (IG). The CG kept their routine during the engagement in the study, and the IG, in addition to the routine, used a non-pedal tricycle to move around the nursing home twice a week for 12 weeks. Participants from both groups underwent the 6-minute walk, 10-meter walk, and timed-up and go tests, one week before the first practice session and one week after the last practice session provided to the IG. RESULTS: Before the intervention, there was no group difference in any test, and after the intervention, only IG participants presented an increase in walking distance and walking speed. Both groups did not change their time to conclude the timed-up and go test. CONCLUSION: The use of a non-pedal tricycle seems appropriate in stimulating physical activity in individuals living in nursing homes. Besides the motivation to move around, walking resistance and speed improved.
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Mesquita, Ricardo Neves de Oliveira, Heikki Kyröläinen, and Daniela Schäfer Olstad. "Reliability and validity of time domain heart rate variability during daily routine activities – an alternative to the morning orthostatic test?" Biomedical Human Kinetics 9, no. 1 (February 23, 2017): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bhk-2017-0010.
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SummaryStudy aim: To determine the reliability and validity of a time domain heart rate variability (HRV) index during free-living physical activity (FLPA).Material and methods: Eight white-collar workers participated in this study. RR intervals (time between consecutive R-peaks of the PQRS complex) were recorded using the Polar V800 heart rate (HR) monitor upon awakening and at work on 16 different days. A total of 127 cycles of sitting periods followed by walking breaks were included for consecutive pairwise analysis for reliability. The HR values from the orthostatic test (OT) were compared with the corresponding values at work.Results: The HR values showed high levels of repeatability [the coefficient of variation (CV) during sitting and walking at work was 4.71 and 3.99%, respectively, with a typical error (TE) of 3.73 (3.34-4.25) and 3.65 (3.31-4.09)], but they did not correlate with the corresponding OT HR upon awakening (r = 0.28 for supine vs. sitting and r = 0.05 for standing vs. walking, p > 0.05). The root-mean-square difference of successive normal RR (RMSSD) was revealed not to be repeatable [CV values during sitting and walking were 19.99 and 29.05%, respectively, with a TE of 7.9 (7.15-8.85) and 9.43 (8.53-10.57)].Conclusions: Analyzing RMSSD from daily routine activities was not reliable, and therefore validity cannot be assumed. RMSSD should therefore be calculated from RR intervals recorded in standardized conditions, such as during the OT upon awakening.
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Conroy, Susan S., Min Zhan, William J. Culpepper, Walter Royal, and Mitchell T. Wallin. "Self-directed exercise in multiple sclerosis: Evaluation of a home automated tele-management system." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 24, no. 6 (April 25, 2017): 410–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357633x17702757.
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Introduction Physical rehabilitation is one of the few non-pharmaceutical therapies for maintaining or improving walking ability for patients with multiple sclerosis. However, travel distance to rehabilitation clinics, neurological disability and insurance coverage often limit access to specialised rehabilitation services. To address these issues, we utilised a web-based system to support a home-based self-directed exercise programme. Methods Patients ( n = 24) were randomised to either routine home rehabilitation or to the multiple sclerosis home automated tele-management system for a six-month period. The study group had a mean age of 50.4 years, 56% of patients were male, and 67% had progressive multiple sclerosis with an overall mean Patient Determined Disease Steps score of 4.4 (cane or crutch required for walking). Key outcomes included the timed 25-foot-walk, six-minute-walk and the Berg Balance Scale. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the change of the primary walking outcome measure, timed 25-foot-walk, at six months between the home automated tele-management intervention and control groups ( p = 0.44). Similarly, change scores for the six-minute-walk were not significantly different between the home automated tele-management or control groups at six months. Discussion Maintaining overall gait abilities in this group of predominantly progressive multiple sclerosis patients is notable. Exercise adherence was positively associated with higher multiple sclerosis disability and self-reported walking ability. Study engagement and participation in routine home-based exercise for the entire study period was challenging. Further research using clinical video telerehabilitation techniques that optimise patient involvement warrants further study.
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Jacobson, AC, B. Bakashi Nategh, LK Fellows, and N. Mayo. "Real-time tracking of functional performance using accelerometers on the acute-stroke unit: proof-of-concept study." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 42, S1 (May 2015): S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2015.125.
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Background: Acute stroke care pathways are increasingly implemented to improve integration of best-practices, but evidence for impact on functional outcomes is not strong. Elements missing from care-pathways are those directly targeting improvement in function: sit-to-stand and time spent walking. The Stroke Team uses care-pathways to track functional capacity, what the patient can and cannot do, but performance on these key outcomes is difficult to track as the patient is observed by multiple people throughout the day. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility and added-value of real-time tracking of patients’ mobility. Methods: A chart review was carried out to identify the extent to which functional capacity and performance is tracked routinely by the Stroke Team. Ethical approval was gained for routine use of accelerometers to be affixed to the unaffected thigh. Results: Swallowing, bladder control, toileting, and feeding were consistently tracked for ~90% of patients. Bed-mobility and capacity to transfer rarely tracked (<12%). Capacity for walking and sit-to-stand was noted but never frequency (performance). Conclusion: Our proof-of concept study will test 30 patients over the next 2 months and link real time performance on transitions and walking to stroke severity and outcome.
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Shaikh, Javaria Manzoor. "3 Augmenting Walkability, Visibility and Arrangement for Korean ICU." Sir Syed Research Journal of Engineering & Technology 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2015): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33317/ssurj.v1i1.53.
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Clinical teams are facing increasing demands toperform more consistently and efficiently in delivering improvedhealth outcomes. Hospital management team in Korea facedifficulties in complex routine task for nurse, which result inworkforce burnout, fatigue, foot and hip ailments from thenecessary walking during a single shift on corridors asquestionnaire suggested.Three analysis of variance as walkability, visibility andarrangement are applied as programmed attributes from a set ofseven Korean adult intensive care units (ICUs), namely SNUH,SSMU, SCC, DUIH, KUMC, PNUH, YUHS. These ICUs areaccepted as the best- performing prototypes by the KoreanInstitute of Healthcare Architecture as Acute Care Medicine.This study systematically analyses the Nurse Station (NS) visit tothe patient bed, than calculates minimum round route on theICUs depth map plan; with aid of the connectivity on supplychain simulation analytical tool ‘route stop’ of LogWare. It wasfound that the maximum walk was calculated for the singular NSat KUMC where primary NS walks 542.005 feet zigzag path andsecondary NS walks 214.814 feet linear path. Conclusively,ANOVA predicted three optimum arrangements which wereconcentric around NS: L-Shape, U- Space or O- Shape scored 5/5thus walking for nurse reduces and utmost visibility wasillustrated. On the contrary I shape and zigzag pattern wasrecognized as not very efficient arrangement with 2/5 score, dueto an increase in walking and reduction in visibility to the lastpatient in the row.
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Shaikh, Javaria Manzoor. "Augmenting Walkability, Visibility and Arrangement for Korean ICU." Sir Syed University Research Journal of Engineering & Technology 5, no. 1 (December 19, 2015): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33317/ssurj.v5i1.53.
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Clinical teams are facing increasing demands toperform more consistently and efficiently in delivering improvedhealth outcomes. Hospital management team in Korea facedifficulties in complex routine task for nurse, which result inworkforce burnout, fatigue, foot and hip ailments from thenecessary walking during a single shift on corridors asquestionnaire suggested.Three analysis of variance as walkability, visibility andarrangement are applied as programmed attributes from a set ofseven Korean adult intensive care units (ICUs), namely SNUH,SSMU, SCC, DUIH, KUMC, PNUH, YUHS. These ICUs areaccepted as the best- performing prototypes by the KoreanInstitute of Healthcare Architecture as Acute Care Medicine.This study systematically analyses the Nurse Station (NS) visit tothe patient bed, than calculates minimum round route on theICUs depth map plan; with aid of the connectivity on supplychain simulation analytical tool ‘route stop’ of LogWare. It wasfound that the maximum walk was calculated for the singular NSat KUMC where primary NS walks 542.005 feet zigzag path andsecondary NS walks 214.814 feet linear path. Conclusively,ANOVA predicted three optimum arrangements which wereconcentric around NS: L-Shape, U- Space or O- Shape scored 5/5thus walking for nurse reduces and utmost visibility wasillustrated. On the contrary I shape and zigzag pattern wasrecognized as not very efficient arrangement with 2/5 score, dueto an increase in walking and reduction in visibility to the lastpatient in the row.
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Dewolf, Arthur H., Francesca Sylos-Labini, Germana Cappellini, Yury Ivanenko, and Francesco Lacquaniti. "Age-related changes in the neuromuscular control of forward and backward locomotion." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): e0246372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246372.
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Previous studies found significant modification in spatiotemporal parameters of backward walking in healthy older adults, but the age-related changes in the neuromuscular control have been considered to a lesser extent. The present study compared the intersegmental coordination, muscle activity and corresponding modifications of spinal montoneuronal output during both forward and backward walking in young and older adults. Ten older and ten young adults walked forward and backward on a treadmill at different speeds. Gait kinematics and EMG activity of 14 unilateral lower-limb muscles were recorded. As compared to young adults, the older ones used shorter steps, a more in-phase shank and foot motion, and the activity profiles of muscles innervated from the sacral segments were significantly wider in each walking condition. These findings highlight age-related changes in the neuromuscular control of both forward and backward walking. A striking feature of backward walking was the differential organization of the spinal output as compared to forward gait. In addition, the resulting spatiotemporal map patterns also characterized age-related changes of gait. Finally, modifications of the intersegmental coordination with aging were greater during backward walking. On the whole, the assessment of backward walk in addition to routine forward walk may help identifying or unmasking neuromuscular adjustments of gait to aging.
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie, Nikos Ntoumanis, Hannah Uren, Afroditi Stathi, Catrina Wold, and Keith D. Hill. "Perceptions of Group-Based Walks and Strategies to Inform the Development of an Intervention in Retirement Villages: Perspectives of Residents and Village Managers." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 25, no. 2 (April 2017): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2015-0138.
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The aim of the current study was to explore perceptions of group-based walking and gather suggestions to inform the development of a group-based walking intervention among older adults in retirement villages. Twenty-four physically inactive residents (16 female, 8 male; age range: 69–88) and four managers from four retirement villages were interviewed. Inductive thematic analysis revealed six broad themes: lack of motivation, values versus constraints, fears and confidence, need for structure, creating a sense of belonging, and the physical environment as a double-edged sword. Proposed intervention strategies included using trained walk leaders, using small groups, planning for flexibility, setting attainable goals, creating a routine, creating opportunities for sharing experiences, and planning a variety of walks. Group-based walking programs may be used to promote physical activity but careful planning of such programs is needed to make them appealing and feasible to a diverse group of residents.
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Wei, Nian, Yuehui Du, and Shiyu Chen. "Application of Doctor-Nurse-Patient Co-Decision-Making Nursing Intervention Based on Evidence-Based Problems in the Rehabilitation of Acute Ankle Lateral Collateral Ligament Injury." Emergency Medicine International 2022 (August 19, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2363230.
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Objective. The aim of this study is to study the application effects of doctor-nurse-patient co-decision-making nursing intervention based on evidence-based problems in the rehabilitation of acute ankle lateral collateral ligament injury. Methods. 150 patients with acute ankle lateral collateral ligament injury who were treated in the hospital between December 2020 and December 2021 were selected, and they were divided into the routine group and the evidence-based group by the random number table method, with 75 cases in each group. The patients in the routine group received routine nursing intervention, while the patients in the evidence-based group adopted doctor-nurse-patient co-decision-making nursing intervention based on evidence-based problems, and both groups were intervened for 1 month. The rehabilitation time (swelling subsidence time, fixation removal time, and normal walking time), ankle active range of motion (dorsiflexion and plantar flexion), ankle function (ankle Kofoed score) before and after intervention, and the total incidence rate of complications (tendon injury, ankylosis, and traumatic arthritis) within 1 month of intervention were compared between the two groups of patients. Results. The swelling subsidence time, fixed removal time, and normal walking time in the evidence-based group were significantly shorter than those in the routine group ( P < 0.05 ). After 1 month of intervention, the ranges of motion of dorsiflexion and plantar flexion and ankle Kofoed scores of the two groups were significantly higher than those before intervention, and the abovementioned indicators in the evidence-based group were significantly higher than those in the routine group ( P < 0.05 ). Within 1 month of intervention, the total incidence rate of tendon injury, ankylosis, and traumatic arthritis was significantly lower in the evidence-based group than that in the routine group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Nursing intervention of doctor-nurse-patient co-decision-making based on evidence-based problems in patients with acute ankle lateral collateral ligament injury can promote postoperative rehabilitation and restore the ankle function of patients.
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Li, Linghui, and Huiqin Chen. "Application of Intelligent Exercise Training Equipment in Clinical Nursing of Neurology Department." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2021 (November 15, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8432868.
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To investigate the effect of intelligent exercise training equipment on lower limb function and standing stability of stroke patients with hemiplegia in clinical nursing of neurology department. Forty-eight stroke patients with a course of 1 to 3 months were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 24 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation training, and the treatment group was treated with intelligent training system, twice a day, 20 min each time. Lower extremity motor function (using the FMA-L scale) and walking function (using the functional walking scale FAC) were assessed before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. The results showed that there was no statistical difference between the control group and the treatment group in the t-test of lower limb motor function scores before rehabilitation treatment ( P > 0.05 ). After treatment, the lower extremity motor function scores of the two groups were tested by group design T-test, and the results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups ( P < 0.05 ); The effect of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Intelligent exercise training equipment combined with routine rehabilitation therapy in clinical nursing of neurology department could improve the lower extremity motor function and walking ability of patients with convalescence stroke hemiplegia, and the effect was better than that of routine rehabilitation therapy alone.
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Gharebaghi, Amin, Mir-Abolfazl Mostafavi, Geoffrey Edwards, and Patrick Fougeyrollas. "User-Specific Route Planning for People with Motor Disabilities: A Fuzzy Approach." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 2 (February 3, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020065.
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Mobility is fundamental for social participation. Everyone benefits from pedestrian networks for their mobility and daily activities. People without disabilities may have little difficulty walking on narrow sidewalks, over potholes, and so on. However, people with motor disabilities (PWMD) may find it more difficult to deal with such conditions. For PWMD, even routine trips are often fraught with problems, with many different obstacles restricting their mobility and consequently rendering their participation in social and recreational activities difficult. The potential problems and risks associated with mobility for PWMD could be significantly reduced if navigation systems provided them with appropriate accessible routes. These routes should consider PWMD’s personal capabilities as well as sidewalk-network conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for computing a user-specific route for PWMD. Such a route is personalized based on the user’s confidence to deal with obstacles such as slopes, uneven pavement, etc. We show how user reported confidence levels could be used to aggregate sidewalk conditions in a routing model to offer user-specific routes. The proposed methodology was developed using a fuzzy approach and is evaluated by manual wheelchair users in Quebec City.
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Orme, Mark W., Ilaria Pina, and Sally J. Singh. "The untapped potential of physical activity monitoring for quality assurance of field-based walking tests in clinical respiratory trials." Chronic Respiratory Disease 19 (January 2022): 147997312210893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14799731221089318.
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Field-based walking tests are well-established outcome measures in clinical research trials and in the evaluation of routine clinical services, including pulmonary rehabilitation. Despite widespread use, there has been little attention to, or reporting of, the quality assurance of these tests. Physical activity monitoring has become increasingly popular and data from activity monitors could be used for quality assurance of field-based walking tests. We provide examples in this article of data-driven insights possible with this approach, using data from waist-worn accelerometry, for the incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT), endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) and six-minute walk test (6MWT). Given the multitude of devices to measure physical activity and the range metrics to describe physical activity, we also comment on some of the technical considerations to using activity monitors for walking test quality assurance. Data-driven approaches to quality assurance are already commonplace for other outcome measures in clinical respiratory trials, but little is known about this approach for field-based walking tests. The application of physical activity monitoring may be extended to other field-based exercise tests and additional rehabilitation services. This may be more challenging for self-paced walking tests such as the 6MWT. Future work should apply this approach to research trials and service evaluations to explore the impact of field-based walking test quality on performance (e.g. distance on the ISWT or time achieved for the ESWT), responsiveness to interventions (e.g. pulmonary rehabilitation) and effectiveness of training procedures (e.g. remote training for multi-site trials).
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Danilovich, Margaret K., David E. Conroy, and T. George Hornby. "Feasibility and Impact of High-Intensity Walking Training in Frail Older Adults." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 25, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2016-0305.
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To investigate the impact of high-intensity walking training (HIWT) on prefrail and frail older adults, five assisted living residents underwent a supervised 12-session intervention. The intervention consisted of 30 min of HIWT at 70–80% of heart rate reserve or ratings of 15 to 17 (hard to very hard) on the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion scale. Training included walking at fast speeds, multi-directions, stairs, and outdoor surfaces with and without an assistive device. Training significantly reduced frailty using the SHARE-FI (p = .008), increased fast gait speed (p = .01), improved 6-min walk test distance (p = .03), and enhanced Berg Balance Scale scores (p = .03). There were no adverse events and all participants reached target training intensity in all 12 sessions. Participants viewed the walking intervention as highly satisfactory (9.6/10 on a Likert scale) and 100% recommended that the assisted living facility should offer HIWT as part of routine programming.
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Meyer, Christian, Tim Killeen, Lilla Lörincz, Armin Curt, Marc Bolliger, Michael Linnebank, Björn Zörner, and Linard Filli. "Repeated assessment of key clinical walking measures can induce confounding practice effects." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 26, no. 11 (May 13, 2019): 1298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458519845839.
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Accurate functional outcome measures are critical for both clinical trials and routine patient assessments. Many functional outcomes improve with test repetition, a phenomenon that can confound the findings of longitudinal assessments. In this viewpoint, we tackle the poorly considered issue of practice effects in prevailing clinical walking tests based on current literature, while also presenting the original data from our own work, in which we investigated practice effects in the timed 25-foot walk (T25FW), timed-up and go (TUG), and 2-minute walk test (2MWT). In these tests, performed on 3 consecutive days in 10 patients with multiple sclerosis and 40 healthy controls, we observed significant practice effects in several established walking outcomes, including a 9.0% improvement in patients’ TUG performance ( p = 0.0146). Pre-training in these walking tests prior to baseline measurement may mitigate practice effects, thereby improving the accuracy and value of their repeated use in research and clinical settings.
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Smith, Beth A., Masayoshi Kubo, and Beverly D. Ulrich. "Gait Parameter Adjustments for Walking on a Treadmill at Preferred, Slower, and Faster Speeds in Older Adults with Down Syndrome." Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/782671.
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The combined effects of ligamentous laxity, hypotonia, and decrements associated with aging lead to stability-enhancing foot placement adaptations during routine overground walking at a younger age in adults with Down syndrome (DS) compared to their peers with typical development (TD). Our purpose here was to examine real-time adaptations in older adults with DS by testing their responses to walking on a treadmill at their preferred speed and at speeds slower and faster than preferred. We found that older adults with DS were able to adapt their gait to slower and faster than preferred treadmill speeds; however, they maintained their stability-enhancing foot placements at all speeds compared to their peers with TD. All adults adapted their gait patterns similarly in response to faster and slower than preferred treadmill-walking speeds. They increased stride frequency and stride length, maintained step width, and decreased percent stance as treadmill speed increased. Older adults with DS, however, adjusted their stride frequencies significantly less than their peers with TD. Our results show that older adults with DS have the capacity to adapt their gait parameters in response to different walking speeds while also supporting the need for intervention to increase gait stability.
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Stallard, J., P. J. Woollam, K. Miller, I. R. Farmer, N. Jones, and R. Poiner. "An infant reciprocal walking orthosis: Engineering development." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 215, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954411011536208.
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The growing trend of prescription of reciprocal walking orthoses for children under the age of 5 years has created a requirement for a new design of orthosis in this category. In response to this new demand, a prototype orthosis for infants, incorporating a specially developed hip joint and manufactured as a rehabilitation engineering device within the provisions of the EC Medical Devices Directive, has been produced and tested. A design feature that strongly influences the efficiency of walking is the rigidity of the body brace structure. Monitoring the specific structural performance of the body brace intended for infants showed that it would equal or improve the stiffness achieved in an orthosis for adults. Additionally its strength was comparable with the adult design, which has proven to be safe and reliable in many years of routine prescription. Incorporation of the infant body brace within a complete orthosis provided a structure of more acceptable physical dimensions for these more diminutive patients. The orthosis showed no incipient sign of failure after 100 000 cycles of representative service loading equivalent to that imposed by a 20 kg (5-year-old) patient. The results of structural assessment and cyclic load testing confirm that the design of the orthosis sufficiently satisfies the statutory requirements for devices that are safe and fit for purpose to permit field trials with patients.
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Kuys, Suzanne, Sandra Brauer, and Louise Ada. "Routine physiotherapy does not induce a cardiorespiratory training effect post-stroke, regardless of walking ability." Physiotherapy Research International 11, no. 4 (2006): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pri.344.
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Peters, Sue, Tara Klassen, Amy Schneeberg, Sean Dukelow, Mark Bayley, Michael Hill, Sepideh Pooyania, Jennifer Yao, and Janice Eng. "Step Number and Aerobic Minute Exercise Prescription and Progression in Stroke: A Roadmap." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 36, no. 2 (December 23, 2021): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15459683211062894.
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Background While higher therapeutic intensity improves motor recovery after stroke, translating findings from successful studies is challenging without clear exercise intensity targets. We show in the DOSE trial 1 more than double the steps and aerobic minutes within a session can be achieved compared with usual care and translates to improved long-term walking outcomes. Objective We modeled data from this successful higher intensity multi-site RCT to develop targets for prescribing and progressing exercise for varying levels of walking impairment after stroke. Methods In twenty-five individuals in inpatient rehabilitation, twenty sessions were monitored for a total of 500 one-hour physical therapy sessions. For the 500 sessions, step number and aerobic minute progression were modeled using linear mixed effects regression. Using formulas from the linear mixed effects regression, targets were calculated. Results The model for step number included session number and baseline walking speed, and for aerobic minutes, session number and age. For steps, there was an increase of 73 steps per session. With baseline walking speed, for every 0.1 m/s increase, a corresponding increase of 302 steps was predicted. For aerobic minutes, there was an increase of .56 minutes of aerobic activity (ie, 34 seconds) per session. For every year increase in age, a decrease of .39 minutes (ie, 23 seconds) was predicted. Conclusions Using data associated with better walking outcomes, we provide step number and aerobic minute targets that future studies can cross-validate. As walking speed and age are collected at admission, these models allow for uptake of routine measurement of therapeutic intensity. Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov ; NCT01915368.
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Maranhão-Filho, Péricles A., Eliana Teixeira Maranhão, Marco Antônio Lima, and Marcos Martins da Silva. "Rethinking the neurological examination II: dynamic balance assessment." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 69, no. 6 (December 2011): 959–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2011000700022.
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The authors propose that the neurological exam needs reevaluation with respect to the dynamic balance test (walking). Validated tests such as: preferred and maximum gait speed, dynamic gait index, five-times-sit-to-stand test, timed up & go cognitive and manual, should be part of the neurological examination routine. In the neurological exam of older patients, these same bedside tests bring the plus of evaluation the risk of occasional falling.
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Azam, Ahmed M. "Efficacy of sub-occipital muscles decompression techniques in restoring functional walking capacity in hemiplegic cerebral palsy children." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 4 (June 21, 2017): 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20172657.
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Background: This work was carried out to investigate the efficacy of sub-occipital muscles decompression in restoring functional walking capacity in hemiplegic cerebral palsy children.Methods: Thirty children were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned into two groups; group A (sub-occipital muscles decompression techniques plus traditional physiotherapy program) and group B (Traditional physiotherapy program only). 6 minutes walking test (6MWT) was used to quantify, evaluate and follow functional walking capacity also flexibility tests were used to detect and follow hamestring and calf muscles elasticity. This measurement was taken before treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment for all patients. The children parents in both groups A and B were instructed to complete 3 hours of home routine program.Results: Data analysis was available on the 30 hemiplegic cerebral palsy children participated in the study. No significant difference was recorded between the mean values of all parameter of the two groups before treatment. By comparison of the two groups 'results after treatment there was significant improvement in functional walking capacity in favor of the study group. The difference between pre-and post-treatment results of each group was significant.Conclusions: According to the results of this study supported by the relevant literature it can be concluded that the combined effect of physiotherapy training program in addition to sub-occipital muscles decompression techniques can be recommended in restoring functional walking capacity in hemiplegic cerebral palsy children.
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Aldred, Rachel. "Built Environment Interventions to Increase Active Travel: a Critical Review and Discussion." Current Environmental Health Reports 6, no. 4 (November 26, 2019): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40572-019-00254-4.
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Abstract Purpose of Review To review the literature on built environment interventions to increase active travel, focusing on work since 2000 and on methodological choices and challenges affecting studies. Recent Findings Increasingly, there is evidence that built environment interventions can lead to more walking or cycling. Evidence is stronger for cycling than for walking interventions, and there is a relative lack of evidence around differential impacts of interventions. Some of the evidence remains methodologically weak, with much work in the ‘grey’ literature. Summary While evidence in the area continues to grow, data gaps remain. Greater use of quasi-experimental techniques, improvements in routine monitoring of smaller schemes, and the use of new big data sources are promising. More qualitative research could help develop a more sophisticated understanding of behaviour change.
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Janpathompong, Shusak, and Akinobu Murakami. "Understanding Thai Urban Pedestrian Culture During Noon Break: How Sidewalk Users Experience the Walking Infrastructure in Bangkok, Thailand." Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning 20 (December 24, 2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.54028/nj202120115.
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The noon break or lunch hour in Bangkok’s central business district (CBD) is when pedestrians wander around for various activities and purposes, in addition to having a meal, within a limited time frame. It is the only break from their daily working routines for energy recovery or socializing, which, in turn, increases readiness to continue working in the afternoon. Commercial activities preferred by pedestrians during this break contribute to increased economic activity. Since pedestrian behavior depends on the cultural context, this research aims to understand Thai urban pedestrian culture that benefits the public, both socially and economically, and to investigate pedestrians’ experience of the physical quality of their walking infrastructure, reflecting their preferences.
According to the information gained from observation, a field survey of four hundred thirty observations, and descriptive statistics, the urban pedestrian culture in the CBD of Bangkok is a combination of various activities related to a way of life; 69.4% and 44.9% of observed pedestrians have secondary and tertiary purposes. These multi-purpose trips during lunch hours include having meals, shopping, recovery from work, socializing, and taking care of business or running errands. The routine of lunch outings declined only slightly after the start of the pandemic in early 2020 compared to the pre-pandemic level (81.8% compared to 94.9%). Socializing has strong presence in the culture; 90.5% of group outings occur at least once or twice a week.
On the physical side, the walking infrastructure, mainly comprising sidewalks, is used for circulation and as a place for social and economic settings. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, pedestrians’ concerns about the physical environment were divided into five groups, as follows: Cluster 1, people concerned about thermal comfort, surface conditions, and sidewalk obstructions. Cluster 2, people concerned about thermal comfort and walking distance. Cluster 3, people concerned about level changes and walking distance. Cluster 4, people concerned about surface conditions and sidewalk obstructions. Lastly, cluster 5, people concerned about sidewalk obstructions, traffic safety, and level changes.
In conclusion. significant problems experienced or causing concern to pedestrians include sidewalk obstructions of flow due to insufficient width of the walking space as well as blockages caused by utility infrastructure, or social or economic activities, walking distance, surface conditions of sidewalks, level changes, thermal comfort, and traffic safety, respectively. These experiences and concerns reflect pedestrians’ preference for better quality of walking infrastructure. Therefore, inducing walkability is a promising physical strategy for promoting and sustaining Thai urban pedestrian culture.
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Ranawat, Anil S., Michael A. Gaudiani, Pablo A. Slullitel, James Satalich, and Brian J. Rebolledo. "Foot Progression Angle Walking Test." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 232596711667964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967116679641.
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Background: Determining an accurate clinical diagnosis for nonarthritic hip pain may be challenging, as symptoms related to femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) or hip instability can be difficult to elucidate with current testing methods. In addition, commonly utilized physical examination maneuvers are static and do not include a dynamic or weightbearing assessment to reproduce activity-related symptoms. Therefore, implementing a dynamic assessment for FAI and hip instability could help to improve diagnostic accuracy for routine clinical examinations of patients with nonarthritic hip pain. Purpose: To assess the efficacy of a novel diagnostic foot progression angle walking (FPAW) test for identifying hip pathology related to FAI or hip instability. Study Design: Prospective cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This prospective study included 199 consecutive patients who were evaluated for unilateral hip pain and who underwent FPAW testing along with standard physical examination testing. Demographic data, including age, sex and hip laterality, were collected from each patient. FPAW testing was performed with directed internal and external foot progression angles from their baseline measurements, with a positive test reproducing pain and/or discomfort. Comparisons were then made with flexion adduction internal rotation (FADIR) and flexion abduction external rotation (FABER) tests as the designated diagnostic standard examinations for FAI and hip instability, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity, along with the McNemar chi-square test for group comparison, were used to generate summary statistics. In addition, areas under the combined receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of test performance were calculated for both FPAW and the designated standard examination tests (FADIR, FABER). Radiographic imaging was used subsequently to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The average age of the study cohort was 35.4 ± 11.8 years, with 114 patients being female (57%). Positive internal FPAW testing demonstrated 61% sensitivity and 56% specificity for an FAI diagnosis, compared with the 96% sensitivity and 11% specificity seen with FADIR testing. Internal FPAW was less sensitive, yet more specific compared with FADIR ( P < .001). Combined testing had improved accuracy (AUC = 0.58; P < .05) compared with FADIR (AUC = 0.52; P = .21) or FPAW (AUC = 0.57; P = .057) alone. Positive external FPAW revealed 67% sensitivity and 70% specificity for hip instability, while FABER testing was 54% sensitive and 90% specific. External FPAW was significantly more specific but had similar sensitivity to FABER. Combined testing had greater accuracy (AUC = 0.77) compared with FABER (AUC = 0.70) or FPAW (AUC = 0.67) alone ( P < .001). Conclusion: The FPAW examination can be used as an adjunct examination to assist and improve the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis for FAI and hip instability.
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Mulvenna, Claire, and Anika Leslie-Walker. "Exploring the Role of Identity in Motivating Walking Netball Participants." ATHENS JOURNAL OF SPORTS 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajspo.8-1-4.
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This paper examines the experiences of participants (n = 12) on the England Netball, ‘Walking Netball’ (WN) programme. Previous research has sought to explore participant experiences on programmes similar to WN, suggesting greater social engagement and an increase in desire for life were positive consequences from participation. Semi structured interviews explored the motivations held for participation in the programme with regards to social identity and the affective consequence of participation. Four themes emerged from data analysis; (1) WN as a form of physical activity, (2) collaborative identity, (3) group inclusion, and (4) regulatory routine. Findings suggest that participants on England Netball’s WN programme, are primarily motivated to continue attending WN by the collective identity they experience through being involved in the programme. Further research however on the construction of collective group identity is required to further enable project funders and deliverers in ensuring projects can effectively meet the motivations of their participants. Keywords: Physical activity, identity, relatedness
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Kalinkina, Svetlana, Maria Nikiforova, Valentina Kulik, Natalya Lazitskaya, and Irina Tregulova. "Development strategy of informative footpaths of the Crimea." E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 05027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199105027.
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In modern conditions of development of the Russian tourism market, the practice of introducing “informative paths” routes as one of the forms of interpretation of a healthy lifestyle and a desire to protect the environment is becoming popular. For high-quality functioning of walking routes in Russia in general and the Republic of the Crimea in particular, it is necessary to carry out systematization and expert assessment of old routes, to carry out routine planning of the new ones. For the development and deployment of the existing and new informative walking tours, working out and adaptation of the development strategy of such tourist routes are necessary. The authors claim that a necessary element in developing a strategy for organizing informative walking tours is the diagnosis of the current strategy for managing informative walking tourism. During the research, its own development strategy of modern informative footpaths was developed, which is based on four main forms of strategic development: strategy of growth, development strategy, strategy of business, and strategy of competitiveness. Proceeding from the proposed mechanisms for the development strategy of informative footpaths, quality indicators can be achieved through a methodical approach to the development of a strategy for the development of “informative paths” to achieve compliance with the requirements of the tourist services market, existing goals, forms, methods, procedures, and projects.
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Kruavit, Anuk, Eugene Teh, Imogen Clark, and Vikas Vadhwa. "The Role of Music in Improving Exercise Capacity in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease as Measured by the 2-minute Walking Test." Music and Medicine 7, no. 4 (October 31, 2015): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v7i4.433.
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Background: Studies have shown that music has positive effects on quality of life and increases exercise capacity of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We evaluated the effects of music on exercise capacity in COPD inpatients. Method: This was a prospective, interventional study involving patients with an acute exacerbation of COPD. Patients selected, from a pre-determined list, their preferred song rated as having the best motivational score, as per the Brunel Music Rating Inventory. A 2-minute walking test was undertaken with and without music. The walking distance and degree of dyspnoea were recorded after each walking test. Secondary outcomes included walking time, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation with and without music. Results: 17 patients were recruited, with a mean age of 73.9 ± 8.6 years. 9 were males and 8 were females. There was a significant increase in the walking distance with music, with a mean increase in distance of 7.94 metres (95% CI, 3.58 – 12.31). There was a non-significant trend that patients could walk for a longer time with music therapy. Diastolic blood pressure also increased significantly with music therapy, but other physiological parameters did not show any significant changes. The motivational score of the preferred song used did not lead to any significant correlation with the outcome variables. Conclusion: The use of music with a patient-preferred song may lead to significant clinical benefits in hospital inpatients with acute exacerbation of COPD. Larger studies are warranted to provide further evidence for its potential use in routine clinical practice.
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Hahn, Andreas, Ivana Sreckovic, Sebastian Reiter, and Milana Mileusnic. "First results concerning the safety, walking, and satisfaction with an innovative, microprocessor-controlled four-axes prosthetic foot." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 42, no. 3 (February 5, 2018): 350–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364617747976.
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Background: The microprocessor-controlled foot Meridium is a prosthetic component with adjustable stance-phase characteristics. Objectives: To investigate subjects’ and prosthetists’ perception of safety, walking, and satisfaction during first routine fittings. Study design: Multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study. Methods: Data regarding demographics, fitting process, safety, daily life activities, and satisfaction were obtained through questionnaires. The follow-up period was 7 months. Results: In all, 89% of 70 users were satisfactorily fitted within the first two visits. Compared to previous feet, users reported improvements in walking on level ground (54% of subjects), uneven ground (82%), ascending (97%), and descending ramps (91%). More than 45% of the users perceived an improvement in safety and stability while standing and walking. No difference was observed in concentration, exertion, and pain. Overall user satisfaction with Meridium was 50% and the foot was preferred by 40% of users. Amputation level, age and mobility grade did not influence subjects’ preference. Prosthetists recommended Meridium for 59% of subjects. A correlation analysis revealed that transfemoral amputees fitted with Genium and/or having a long residual limb strongly preferred Meridium ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Meridium was appreciated by amputees with a preference for natural walking and requirement to safely and comfortably negotiate uneven terrain and slopes. Clinical relevance Amputees preferring Meridium perceive benefits with safe, comfortable, and natural walking. While the perception of benefits regarding the negotiation of uneven terrain and slopes is very high, the correlation to product preference is moderate. Individual assessment and trial fitting might be essential to identify patients who benefit greatly.
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Bregar, Poredoš, Šabovič, Jug, and Šebeštjen. "The influence of atorvastatin on walking performance in peripheral arterial disease." Vasa 38, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526.38.2.155.
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Background: Recently it has been shown that statins can improve walking distance in patients with peripheral arterial disease. We examined whether statins used in moderate dosages with the aim of reaching the target levels for hypercholesterolemia could improve walking performance in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Patients and methods: 37 patients with hypercholesterolemia (LDL cholesterol = 3.46 ± 0.13 mmol/l), who had previously not been treated by statins, were randomized in a double-blind study to a group receiving either atorvastatin at 20 mg/day (N = 20) or placebo (N = 17). All patients had stable intermittent claudication (Fontaine class IIa or IIb). At baseline, after one and three months the pain-free walking distance was measured in all patients. Results: After 3 months patients in the treated group had reached target cholesterol values (LDL cholesterol = 2,34 ± 0.9 mmol/l), whereas no significant change in lipids was observed in the control group. The ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) did not change significantly in either group. After 3 months the pain-free walking distance was increased significantly (p < 0.001), but similarly in both groups (at entry: 56 (53–108) m vs 53 (53–106) m; after 3 months: 79 (53–108) m vs 106 (66–159) m, for the treated and placebo group, respectively). Therefore this effect had to be attributed to regular exercise and not to statin use. Conclusions: Our results show that routine treatment with statin (atorvastatin 20 mg/day), which is effective in reducing the level of cholesterol, does not produce an improvement in walking performance in patients with peripheral arterial disease.
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Schwartz, Michael H., Katherine M. Steele, Andrew J. Ries, Andrew G. Georgiadis, and Bruce A. MacWilliams. "A model for understanding the causes and consequences of walking impairments." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 28, 2022): e0270731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270731.
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Walking is an important skill with positive impacts on health, function, and well-being. Many disorders impair walking and its positive impacts through a variety of complex and interrelated mechanisms. Any attempt to understand walking impairments, or the effects of interventions intended to treat these impairments, must respect this complexity. Therefore, our main objectives in conducting this study were to (1) propose a comprehensive model for quantifying the causes and consequences of walking impairments and (2) demonstrate the potential utility of the model for supporting clinical care and addressing basic scientific questions related to walking. To achieve these goals, we introduced a model, described by a directed acyclic graph, consisting of 10 nodes and 23 primary causal paths. We gave detailed descriptions of each node and path based on domain knowledge. We then demonstrated the model’s utility using a large sample of gait data (N = 9504) acquired as part of routine care at a regional referral center. We analyzed five relevant examples that involved many of the model’s nodes and paths. We computed causal effect magnitudes as Shapley values and displayed the overall importance of variables (mean absolute Shapley value), the variation of Shapley values with respect to underlying variables, and Shapley values for individual observations (case studies). We showed that the model was plausible, captured some well-known cause-effect relationships, provided new insights into others, and generated novel hypotheses requiring further testing through simulation or experiment. To aid in transparency, reproducibility, and future enhancements we have included an extensively commented Rmarkdown file and a deidentified data set.
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Cohen-Mansfield, Jiska. "New Ways to Approach Manifestations of Alzheimer's Disease and to Reduce Caregiver Burden." International Psychogeriatrics 8, S1 (October 1996): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610296003158.
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) results in severe cognitive decline, deterioration in the ability to perform routine activities such as bathing or walking, and changes in affect and behavior. It severely diminishes the quality of life of the affected person and presents a colossal burden to caregivers and a tremendous financial liability to society. The impetus for research relates specifically to these burdens by testing new ways to approach the manifestations of the disease and effectively communicating these ways to caregivers.
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Müller-Bühl, Kirchberger, and Wiesemann. "Die Bedeutung der Klaudikationsstrecke für Patienten mit arterieller Verschlußkrankheit der Beine." Vasa 28, no. 1 (February 1, 1999): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526.28.1.25.
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Background: Determination of both the pain-free and the maximum walking distances is part of a routine program in the angiological examination of patients with PAOD. It is however as yet not clear which of these two parameters is more relevant in determing a patient’s pathological condition. Patients and methods: In 150 patients with stable intermittent claudication, the claudication pain distance (CPD) and the maximum pain distance (MPD) were determined on a treadmill at 3,0 km/h and 12% inclination. The results were compared with the angiographic findings, the Doppler pressure values and the subjective quality of life (PAVK-86-Questionnaire). Results: The average pain-free walking distance was 89 ± 71m, and the maximum walking distance was 198 ± 141 m. There was no correlation between both walking distances and the angiographic extent of PAOD. Only the MPD correlated with the ankle systolic Doppler pressure and the ankle/brachial pressure index of the claudicating leg (r = 0.16, p < 0.05 and r = 0.20, p < 0.01). Both the CPD and the MDP had a significant influence on the life quality of the patients (CPD: r = –0.41, p < 0.001; MPD: r = –0.47, p < 0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, beside the body mass index, the MPD was found to be the greatest predictor for the pathologically relevant quality of life dimensions pain, complaints and functional status. Conclusions: The maximum walking distance correlated in a better way than pain-free walking distance with the objective and subjective assessment criteria of PAOD. Therefore, as regards the stage of the disease and the life quality of the patient, this parameter has a greater importance. This fact deserves to receive greater attention in everyday clinical practice and when conducting clinical trials.
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Pina, Ilaria, Pauline Ndagire, Winceslaus Katagira, Lorna Latimer, Jakub Zatloukal, Bruce Kirenga, Sally J. Singh, and Mark W. Orme. "Deriving personalised physical activity intensity thresholds by merging accelerometry with field-based walking tests: Implications for pulmonary rehabilitation." Chronic Respiratory Disease 19 (January 2022): 147997312211292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14799731221129286.
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During pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), patients receive individually tailored walking exercise training. The personalised nature of exercise prescription is a fundamental component of PR. Despite this, the measurement of physical activity (PA) has been limited to a ‘one size fits all’ approach and can be challenging to translate into clinically meaningful or real-world units, such as cadence. This discrepancy may partly explain the inconsistent evidence for the impact of PR on PA. It may also provide an opportunity to standardise PA assessment in the context of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) and PR, where field-based walking tests are routine measures. This technical note provides an example of how to develop personalised PA intensity thresholds, calibrated against an individual’s performance on the Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT; maximal) and Endurance Shuttle Walk Test (ESWT; sub-maximal). These are externally paced tests, with each level (speed) of the tests denoting a specific speed (intensity); ranging 1.8 km/h (ISWT Level 1) to 8.5 km/h (ISWT Level 12). From the ESWT, it becomes possible to evaluate adherence to each individual’s walking exercise prescription. Future research should explore this approach and its responsiveness to PR. It may be possible to extend this methodology with the inclusion of physiological parameters (e.g., heart rate, calorimetry, and oxygen consumption) to derive relative intensity markers (e.g. moderate-to-vigorous), accounting for individual differences in exercise capacity, under the same paradigm as PR exercise prescription.