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Journal articles on the topic 'WALA ridge'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Kong-Zárate, Carla Y., Marcos J. Carruitero, and Will A. Andrews. "Distances between mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge in Peruvians with normal occlusion." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 22, no. 6 (November 2017): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.22.6.056-060.oar.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The purposes of this investigation were to determine the horizontal distances between the mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge in a sample of Peruvians with normal occlusion and to compare them by tooth type, sex, arch side, and age groups. Methods: 65 dental casts of subjects with normal occlusion were collected. Posterior teeth, except for third molars, were evaluated. The horizontal distances between the occluso-gingival midpoints of the buccal surfaces (FA points) of each tooth and the WALA ridge were measured using a modified digital caliper. The values between each different tooth type within the sample were compared using the ANOVA and Scheffe tests, while comparisons by sex, arch side and age groups, using the Student’s t-test. Results: The mean distances in the sample was 0.96 mm for first premolars, 1.45 mm for second premolars, 2.12 mm for first molars and 2.55 mm for second molars. Statistically significant differences between each of the four tooth types were found. There were no significant differences found between sex, arch side and age groups. Conclusion: The horizontal distances between the mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge increased progressively from the first premolars to the second molars in Peruvians with normal occlusion. The WALA ridge was a good landmark to evaluate the positions of posterior teeth in Peruvians with normal occlusion.

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2

Glass, Timothy R., Timothy Tremont, Chris A. Martin, and Peter W. Ngan. "A CBCT evaluation of root position in bone, long axis inclination and relationship to the WALA Ridge." Seminars in Orthodontics 25, no. 1 (March 2019): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.sodo.2019.02.004.

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3

Rasmussen, Chad M., Peini Zhu, Christine M. Lohse, John E. Volz, and Thomas J. Salinas. "Use of the WALA ridge to evaluate mandibular molar inclination measured to American Board of Orthodontics standards." Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists 8, no. 2 (June 2019): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejwf.2019.02.003.

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4

Cotrin, Paula, Tarso Esteves, KarinaMaria Salvatore Freitas, Darwin Vaz de Lima, RodrigoHermont Cançado, FabrícioPinelli Valarelli, MarcosRoberto De Freitas, and RenataCristina Gobbi de Oliveira. "Comparison of wala ridge and dental arch dimensions changes after orthodontic treatment using a passive self-ligating system or conventional fixed appliance." Indian Journal of Dental Research 30, no. 3 (2019): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_361_18.

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5

Xu, Jianwen, and Hu Yang. "Preliminary test almost unbiased ridge estimator in a linear regression model with multivariate Student-t errors." Acta et Commentationes Universitatis Tartuensis de Mathematica 15, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/acutm.2011.15.03.

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In this paper, the preliminary test almost unbiased ridge estimators of the regression coefficients based on the conflicting Wald (W), Likelihood ratio (LR) and Lagrangian multiplier (LM) tests in a multiple regression model with multivariate Student-t errors are introduced when it is suspected that the regression coefficients may be restricted to a subspace. The bias and quadratic risks of the proposed estimators are derived and compared. Sufficient conditions on the departure parameter ∆ and the ridge parameter k are derived for the proposed estimators to be superior to the almost unbiased ridge estimator, restricted almost unbiased ridge estimator and preliminary test estimator. Furthermore, some graphical results are provided to illustrate theoretical results.

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6

Vest, Jay Hansford C. "John Rollin Ridge: His Life & Works by James W. Parins." Western American Literature 27, no. 4 (1993): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wal.1993.0168.

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7

Matheson, Lauren. "Mathematical Lens: Raise High the Ridge Beam, Carpenters." Mathematics Teacher 104, no. 4 (November 2010): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.104.4.0258.

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During a walk around Toronto, Lauren Matheson noticed a shed being built in a very narrow corner of a triangular lot (see photographs 1, 2, and 3). The odd-shaped property made designing and building the shed difficult, but, thanks to a creative construction crew, the shed was built and by all accounts is well used. Lauren was then a preservice teacher candidate in Ron Lancaster's mathematics methods course, and he used images of the shed as the basis for his “Mathematical Lens” assignment. Lauren's photographs and questions are given here; the editors hope that readers agree that his work was worth an A+.

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8

Matheson, Lauren. "Mathematical Lens: Raise High the Ridge Beam, Carpenters." Mathematics Teacher 104, no. 4 (November 2010): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.104.4.0258.

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During a walk around Toronto, Lauren Matheson noticed a shed being built in a very narrow corner of a triangular lot (see photographs 1, 2, and 3). The odd-shaped property made designing and building the shed difficult, but, thanks to a creative construction crew, the shed was built and by all accounts is well used. Lauren was then a preservice teacher candidate in Ron Lancaster's mathematics methods course, and he used images of the shed as the basis for his “Mathematical Lens” assignment. Lauren's photographs and questions are given here; the editors hope that readers agree that his work was worth an A+.

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9

Schechtman, M. G. "Isolation of telomere DNA from Neurospora crassa." Molecular and Cellular Biology 7, no. 9 (September 1987): 3168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.7.9.3168.

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The most distal known gene on Neurospora crassa linkage group VR, his-6, was cloned. A genomic walk resulted in isolation of the telomere at VR. It was obtained from a library in which the endmost nucleotides of the chromosome had not been removed by nuclease treatment before being cloned, and mapping indicates that the entire chromosome end has probably been cloned. Sequences homologous to the terminal 2.5 kilobases of DNA from VR from these Oak Ridge N. crassa strains are found at other sites in the genome. To characterize these sites, I crossed an Oak Ridge-derived his-6 strain with a wild-type strain of different genetic background (Mauriceville) and characterized the hybridization patterns seen in the progeny. It appears that the sequences homologous to the VR terminus are found at genetically different sites in the two parental strains, and no hybridization to the VR telomere from Mauriceville was detected. The other genomic copies identified in the Oak Ridge parent were not telomeres. I suggest that any repeating sequence blocks found immediately adjacent to the VR terminus in Oak Ridge strains must be small and that the repeating element identified in that background may be an N. crassa transposable element integrated near the the chromosome end at VR.

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10

Schechtman, M. G. "Isolation of telomere DNA from Neurospora crassa." Molecular and Cellular Biology 7, no. 9 (September 1987): 3168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.7.9.3168-3177.1987.

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The most distal known gene on Neurospora crassa linkage group VR, his-6, was cloned. A genomic walk resulted in isolation of the telomere at VR. It was obtained from a library in which the endmost nucleotides of the chromosome had not been removed by nuclease treatment before being cloned, and mapping indicates that the entire chromosome end has probably been cloned. Sequences homologous to the terminal 2.5 kilobases of DNA from VR from these Oak Ridge N. crassa strains are found at other sites in the genome. To characterize these sites, I crossed an Oak Ridge-derived his-6 strain with a wild-type strain of different genetic background (Mauriceville) and characterized the hybridization patterns seen in the progeny. It appears that the sequences homologous to the VR terminus are found at genetically different sites in the two parental strains, and no hybridization to the VR telomere from Mauriceville was detected. The other genomic copies identified in the Oak Ridge parent were not telomeres. I suggest that any repeating sequence blocks found immediately adjacent to the VR terminus in Oak Ridge strains must be small and that the repeating element identified in that background may be an N. crassa transposable element integrated near the the chromosome end at VR.

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11

Lewis, David Rich. "Cherokee Tragedy: The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People by Thurman Wilkins." Western American Literature 21, no. 3 (1986): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wal.1986.0010.

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12

Ammirati, Mario, Jianya Ma, Melvin L. Cheatham, David Maxwell, Joseph Bloch, and Donald P. Becker. "Drilling the posterior wall of the petrous pyramid: a microneurosurgical anatomical study." Journal of Neurosurgery 78, no. 3 (March 1993): 452–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1993.78.3.0452.

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✓ Posterior approaches to the petroclival area requiring extensive drilling of the posterior pyramidal wall have been described in the last 10 years. If hearing is to be preserved, damage to the inner-ear structures must be avoided; however, the fine points of this pyramidal drilling technique have never been reported in detail. A microneurosurgical anatomical study was undertaken in 15 cadavers to determine the relationships between bone landmarks and labyrinthine structures that could be used to give some practical drilling guidelines. Drilling of the posterior pyramidal wall is facilitated on identification of the intersection of the petrous ridge with the most anterior portion of the bone ledge covering the sigmoid sinus (petrosigmoid intersection), the bony operculum of the endolymphatic sac, and the petrous ridge. Drilling may proceed rather safely at a minimum depth of 2.5 mm in an area 0.9 cm anterior and 1 cm inferior to the petrosigmoid intersection and petrous ridge, respectively. From there, identification of the vestibular aqueduct, genu, and horizontal portion is necessary to safely open the posterior wall of the internal auditory canal. The vestibular aqueduct represents the lateral and superior limits of drilling. The bone between these areas may then be safely drilled to a depth of at least 2.5 mm. A microneurosurgical dissection of the posterior pyramidal wall conducted in cadaveric material according to these guidelines did not violate any inner-ear structures.

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13

Wylder, Delbert E. "Ride South to Purgatory by James C. Work." Western American Literature 36, no. 2 (2001): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wal.2001.0042.

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14

Simpson, Elizabeth. "Ride With Me, Mariah Montana by Ivan Doig." Western American Literature 26, no. 3 (1991): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wal.1991.0129.

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15

Livingstone, Samuel. "Geometric Ergodicity of the Random Walk Metropolis with Position-Dependent Proposal Covariance." Mathematics 9, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9040341.

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We consider a Metropolis–Hastings method with proposal N(x,hG(x)−1), where x is the current state, and study its ergodicity properties. We show that suitable choices of G(x) can change these ergodicity properties compared to the Random Walk Metropolis case N(x,hΣ), either for better or worse. We find that if the proposal variance is allowed to grow unboundedly in the tails of the distribution then geometric ergodicity can be established when the target distribution for the algorithm has tails that are heavier than exponential, in contrast to the Random Walk Metropolis case, but that the growth rate must be carefully controlled to prevent the rejection rate approaching unity. We also illustrate that a judicious choice of G(x) can result in a geometrically ergodic chain when probability concentrates on an ever narrower ridge in the tails, something that is again not true for the Random Walk Metropolis.

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16

Dehghan nayeri, Hadi, Reza Asadi, and Mohammad Malek Mohammad. "Analysis of influence of wall defect in lithium niobate ridge waveguide." Iranian Journal of Physics Research 17, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.ijpr.17.1.61.

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17

Wiertlewski, Stefan. "Iść, czyli jechać. Językowy obraz świata w cyklolekcie." Investigationes Linguisticae, no. 42 (June 3, 2019): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/il.2018.42.6.

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Reconstructing the specific linguistic image of the world embedded in the social varieties of language is one of the major concerns of sociolinguistics. This paper shows that in Polish cycling sociolect two common verbs iść (walk) and chodzić (walk) are used with the meaning of jechać (ride). A huge number of word complexes and phraseological units with these verb analysed by the author justify the opinion reflected in the conceptual metaphor that RIDING A BIKE IS WALKING.

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18

Wang, Meiyue, Ruidong Li, and Shizhong Xu. "Deshrinking ridge regression for genome-wide association studies." Bioinformatics 36, no. 14 (May 7, 2020): 4154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa345.

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Abstract Motivation Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are still the primary steps toward gene discovery. The urgency is more obvious in the big data era when GWAS are conducted simultaneously for thousand traits, e.g. transcriptomic and metabolomic traits. Efficient mixed model association (EMMA) and genome-wide efficient mixed model association (GEMMA) are the widely used methods for GWAS. An algorithm with high computational efficiency is badly needed. It is interesting to note that the test statistics of the ordinary ridge regression (ORR) have the same patterns across the genome as those obtained from the EMMA method. However, ORR has never been used for GWAS due to its severe shrinkage on the estimated effects and the test statistics. Results We introduce a degree of freedom for each marker effect obtained from ORR and use it to deshrink both the estimated effect and the standard error so that the Wald test of ORR is brought back to the same level as that of EMMA. The new method is called deshrinking ridge regression (DRR). By evaluating the methods under three different model sizes (small, medium and large), we demonstrate that DRR is more generalized for all model sizes than EMMA, which only works for medium and large models. Furthermore, DRR detect all markers in a simultaneous manner instead of scanning one marker at a time. As a result, the computational time complexity of DRR is much simpler than EMMA and about m (number of genetic variants) times simpler than that of GEMMA when the sample size is way smaller than the number of markers. Contact shizhong.xu@ucr.edu Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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19

Schwerdtner, W. M., J. G. Torrance, and J. T. van Berkel. "Pattern of apparent total strain in the bedded anhydrite cap of a folded salt wall." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 26, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): 983–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e89-079.

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The dense anhydrite cap of the southern Muskox Ridge salt wall participated in the large-scale buckling of Mesozoic clastic strata at the western boundary of the Tertiary Eureka Sound fold belt on Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian Arctic. This Carboniferous anhydrite is an aggregate of strained diagenetic nodules and contains relict limestone beds that mark the paleohorizontal plane. The well-exposed cap provides an excellent example of fold decollement and redeformation of foliated rocks.The horizontal pattern of the nodule-shape fabric was delineated within folded and straight segments of the cap. Maps for a well-exposed folded segment show systematic variations in the intensity of apparent total strain (r) and the prolateness factor (k). If the nodule fabric pattern of adjacent straight walls represents the prefold structural state of all walls in the area, then the pattern of folding strain can be reconstructed in the southern Muskox Ridge cap. Here, the preflattened anhydrite was deformed by flexural shear in most localities, but was shortened passively near its contact with competent clastic rock.

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20

Shibuya, Takashi, Jun-ichi Kambayashi, Dong-Ik Kim, Tomio Kawasaki, Eiichi Shiba, Masato Sakon, and Takesada Mori. "Pseudointimal hyperplasia of ridged outer wall polytetrafluoroethylene vascular prostheses." Surgery Today 26, no. 5 (May 1996): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00311602.

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21

Thonon, I., H. Middelkoop, and M. van der Perk. "The influence of floodplain morphology and river works on spatial patterns of overbank deposition." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 86, no. 1 (April 2007): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600021326.

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AbstractFloodplain topography and related hydraulic patterns of overbank flow constitute a major control on the amounts and patterns of sediment deposition on floodplains. We studied the differences in sediment deposition at two scales along two river branches of the lower River Rhine in the Netherlands: the Waal and IJssel River. Human alterations like levelling and embankment construction have severely impacted the floodplains along the Waal River branch (average discharge: 1500 m3·s‒1), whereas the relatively wide floodplains along the IJssel River (average discharge: 250 m3·s‒1) still exhibit their characteristic ridge-and-swale topography and natural levees. We found that, in general, the amounts of sediment deposited sediment decreases with increasing distance to the sediment source. Clay and organic matter content generally increase with decreasing floodplain elevation. These trends are, however, far less pronounced in the Waal River floodplains than in the IJssel River floodplains. Sediment deposited on the IJssel River floodplains also contains significantly more sand than the sediment deposited on the Waal River floodplains, probably because of the absence of minor embankments along the IJssel River and its higher sinuosity. Furthermore, during inundation the individual Waal River floodplains receive more sediment per unit area than the IJssel River floodplains. At the scale of the river branch, however, the conveyance losses in the Waal River are less than in the IJssel River, because of the larger surface area of the floodplains along the IJssel River relative to its water and sediment discharge during flood events. This discrepancy stresses that both the individual floodplain sections and the total river branch should be taken into account when studying the role of overbank deposition as part of a river’s sediment budget.

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22

Manafi, Sara, Ljubodrag B. Boskovic, and Dejan S. Filipovic. "$H$ -Plane Narrow-Wall Double-Ridge Waveguide Coupler in $V$ - and $W$ -Bands." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 29, no. 3 (March 2019): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2019.2893385.

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23

Zhi, Ya’nan, Weijuan Qu, De’an Liu, Zhu Luan, Yu Zhou, and Liren Liu. "Ridge-shape phase distribution adjacent to 180° domain wall in congruent LiNbO3 crystal." Applied Physics Letters 89, no. 11 (September 11, 2006): 112912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2345277.

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24

Tucholke, Brian E. "Massive submarine rockslide in the rift-valley wall of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge." Geology 20, no. 2 (1992): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0129:msritr>2.3.co;2.

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25

Tanaka, Toshiaki, and Masayoshi Aikawa. "Ridge-shaped narrow-wall directional coupler. Tight coupling and high-power handling capability." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part II: Electronics) 71, no. 12 (1988): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecjb.4420711207.

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26

Samma, Hamidreza, Amir Khosrojerdi, Masoumeh Rostam-Abadi, Mojtaba Mehraein, and Yovanni Cataño-Lopera. "Numerical simulation of scour and flow field over movable bed induced by a submerged wall jet." Journal of Hydroinformatics 22, no. 2 (January 30, 2020): 385–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2020.091.

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Abstract Dam construction continues its rapid expansion around the world primarily for the purpose of hydropower generation. One important consequence of such projects is local scour at the downstream of the dam caused by outflow of excess reservoir water through spillways or bottom outlets that is associated with high velocities. The scour development endangers the dam foundation and river banks and undermines the stability of the hydraulic structures. In this study, a detailed three-dimensional (3D) flow simulation is conducted to investigate the complex fluid–sediment interactions leading to the formation of the scour hole and ridge systems downstream of a near-bottom jet. Three different bed-load equations, including Meyer-Peter–Müller, Nielsen, and Van Rijn formulas, are applied for calculating the bed-load transport rate. Comparison with a series of available experimental data shows that the Meyer-Peter–Müller equation results in better predictions than the two other relations. The performance of different turbulence models to reproduce vertical profiles of velocity and scour characteristic against the experimental data were evaluated. The vertical and horizontal profiles of the scour hole-ridge system are also compared with the corresponding experimental ones. The numerical model satisfactorily reproduces the geometric parameters representing the scour hole. However, the model overestimates the length of the scour hole.

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27

Chen, Tsung-Hao, Chen-Yuan Chen, Hsien-Chueh Peter Yang, and Cheng-Wu Chen. "A Mathematical Tool for Inference in Logistic Regression with Small-Sized Data Sets: A Practical Application on ISW-Ridge Relationships." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2008 (2008): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/186372.

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The general approach to modeling binary data for the purpose of estimating the propagation of an internal solitary wave (ISW) is based on the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) method. In cases where the number of observations in the data is small, any inferences made based on the asymptotic distribution of changes in the deviance may be unreliable for binary data (the model's lack of fit is described in terms of a quantity known as the deviance). The deviance for the binary data is given by D. Collett (2003). may be unreliable for binary data. Logistic regression shows that theP-values for the likelihood ratio test and the score test are both<0.05. However, the null hypothesis is not rejected in the Wald test. The seeming discrepancies inP-values obtained between the Wald test and the other two tests are a sign that the large-sample approximation is not stable. We find that the parameters and the odds ratio estimates obtained via conditional exact logistic regression are different from those obtained via unconditional asymptotic logistic regression. Using exact results is a good idea when the sample size is small and the approximateP-values are<0.10. Thus in this study exact analysis is more appropriate.

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28

Cervero, Robert. "Walk-and-Ride: Factors Influencing Pedestrian Access to Transit." Journal of Public Transportation 3, no. 4 (September 2001): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.3.4.1.

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29

Palmer, Kristi L. "Introduction to Indy: Walk, cycle, ride the Cultural Trail." College & Research Libraries News 73, no. 9 (October 1, 2012): 518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.73.9.8827.

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30

Dedyulin, Sergey N., Giovanni Fanchini, and Lyudmila V. Goncharova. "Reticular Growth of Silicon Ridges: Random Walk in Two Dimensions." Crystal Growth & Design 14, no. 3 (February 17, 2014): 1193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cg4017118.

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31

Ghasemi, Amirhossein, and Jean-Jacques Laurin. "Beam Steering in Narrow-Wall Slotted Ridge Waveguide Antenna Using a Rotating Dielectric Slab." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 17, no. 10 (October 2018): 1773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2018.2866086.

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32

Cole, Hank M., and Jeffrey C. Andrews-Hanna. "The anatomy of a wrinkle ridge revealed in the wall of Melas Chasma, Mars." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 122, no. 5 (May 2017): 889–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017je005274.

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33

Mallahzadeh, Ali Reza, and Sajad Mohammad Ali Nezhad. "Untilted slot array antenna at the narrow wall of the waveguide using double-ridge." International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 20, no. 6 (October 5, 2010): 699–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmce.20480.

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34

Abraham, B. M., and W. L. Keith. "Direct Measurements of Turbulent Boundary Layer Wall Pressure Wavenumber-Frequency Spectra." Journal of Fluids Engineering 120, no. 1 (March 1, 1998): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2819657.

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Direct measurements of streamwise wavenumber-frequency spectra of turbulent wall pressure fluctuations were made in an acoustically quiet water tunnel. A linear array of evenly spaced flush mounted pressure sensors was used to measure the wall pressure field at 48 streamwise locations. This array provided over 24 dB of resolution (sidelobe rejection) in the wavenumber domain, leading to an accurate estimate of the “convective ridge” and part of the subconvective and low wavenumber portions of the spectrum at discrete frequencies. Boundary layer parameters, including the mean wall shear stress, boundary layer thickness, displacement thickness, and momentum thickness, were derived from mean streamwise velocity measurements for 8100 < Rθ < 16,700. Time and length scales derived from these parameters were used to nondimensionalize the measured spectra. The effectiveness of different scalings for nondimensionalizing the low and convective wavenumber regions at discrete frequencies was evaluated.

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35

McAllister, Eddie, and Johnson R. Cann. "Initiation and evolution of boundary-wall faults along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 25–29°N." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 118, no. 1 (1996): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1996.118.01.03.

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36

Tien, Hsu Kuo, Won‐Ho Lee, Chang‐Sung Kim, Seong‐Ho Choi, Reinhard Gruber, and Jung‐Seok Lee. "Alveolar ridge regeneration in two‐wall‐damaged extraction sockets of an in vivo experimental model." Clinical Oral Implants Research 32, no. 8 (June 22, 2021): 971–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/clr.13791.

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37

Beskos, Alexandros, Gareth Roberts, Alexandre Thiery, and Natesh Pillai. "Asymptotic analysis of the random walk Metropolis algorithm on ridged densities." Annals of Applied Probability 28, no. 5 (October 2018): 2966–3001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/18-aap1380.

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38

Bartlow, Andrew W., Scott M. Villa, Michael W. Thompson, and Sarah E. Bush. "Walk or ride? Phoretic behaviour of amblyceran and ischnoceran lice." International Journal for Parasitology 46, no. 4 (April 2016): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.01.003.

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39

Carlson, Kristin, and Andrew Owen. "Accessibility Impacts of Park-and-Ride Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 9 (May 4, 2019): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119845665.

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This work presents a methodology for calculating park-and-ride (PNR) accessibility and provides case study results for the Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Minnesota (Twin Cities) facility system. PNR is a form of mixed-mode transit travel which is studied for its impacts on access to opportunities. Regional PNR systems offer a long-standing and widespread example of the collective benefits of mixed-mode travel. The Twin Cities metropolitan region has over 100 PNR facilities that are primarily connected to business districts through express and limited-stop transit service. PNR trip types require automobile and transit travel time matrices to link across space and time to capture mixed-mode travel characteristics. The resulting matrix is used in a cumulative accessibility analysis in which total jobs accessible within a travel time threshold is the variable of interest. Experimental results indicate that PNR facilities affect the suburban transit accessibility profile more than exurban or urban areas during the morning commute. The average worker-weighted job accessibility for a 30-min PNR trip increases by 230% from the comparable walk-to-transit measure. The transit accessibility made available through PNR facilities highlights the need to include PNR trip types in transit accessibility analyses and suggests that current methods underestimate transit accessibility in suburban regions.

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40

Woods, A. M., and A. Beckett. "Wall structure and ornamentation of the urediniospores of Uromyces viciae-fabae." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 10 (October 1, 1987): 2007–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-274.

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The development of the spines and the structure and composition of the urediniospore wall of Uromyces viciae-fabae have been studied by low-temperature scanning electron microscopy, cytochemical localization, chemical, and enzymic digestion techniques. Spine formation was similar to that previously described for urediniospores of other rust fungi. Swollen collars that are distinct from the annular ridges are only evident in frozen-hydrated spores and surround the bases of spines. Pockets of endoplasmic reticulum line the periphery of spores and mark the sites of spine development. This endoplasmic reticulum may have a role in the production of enzymes and (or) structural proteins or glycoproteins. Microfibrils are present in digested and shadowed wall preparations, often associated with spines. Enzymic digestion treatment suggests that these microfibrils are chitin. Around the bases of the spines, microfibrils are orientated circumferentially and contribute in part to the thickened, annular ridges evident in all spore preparations. The spore wall matrix consists of polysaccharides. Colloidal iron staining indicates acid mucopolysaccharides. Differences in reaction of the urediniospore wall to colloidal iron at what appears to be the same stage of development suggests in situ chemical change(s), which may in turn be linked with changes in wall plasticity.

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Miyagi, H., and K. Yahazu. "A mechanism to ride across obstacles on a wall for wheel drive type wall climbing vehicles." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2002 (2002): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2002.110_6.

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Wegerif, Marc C. A. "The ride-along: a journey in qualitative research." Qualitative Research Journal 19, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-d-18-00038.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show why and how the “ride-along” can add great value to qualitative research. Design/methodology/approach The paper is primarily based on ethnographic research into food systems that the author carried out in Tanzania and draws on other research experience and existing literature on the “go-along” and “walk-along”. Findings Transport choices are made in all social science research and therefore deserve greater attention in research design. Transport will influence how the researcher is perceived and what they will experience and find. The ride-along, when done well, minimises the risks and adds value to qualitative research. Practical implications Researchers need to be reflexive about transport choices and give them greater consideration in research design and practice. The examples from field experience and the considerations identified in this paper will assist researchers and their supervisors in this process. Originality/value Despite the ubiquity of mobility in social science research, there is surprisingly little literature on the subject, especially related to the use of different modes of transport. The originality is in elaborating the importance of the ride-along and the value is in the clearly identified lessons for qualitative research methodology teaching and practice.

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Leibeling, Markus, Martin Pawliczek, Daniel Kratzert, Dietmar Stalke, and Daniel B. Werz. "A Ridge Walk between Reaction Modes: An Unprecedented Pd-Catalyzed Domino Sequence of Diynyl-Substituted Bromoarenes." Organic Letters 14, no. 1 (December 13, 2011): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol2030923.

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Hutchinson, Mark R., and Stephen A. Ash. "Resident’s ridge: assessing the cortical thickness of the lateral wall and roof of the intercondylar notch." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 19, no. 9 (November 2003): 931–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2003.09.002.

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Bedrunka, Dawid, Katarzyna Buchta, Patryk Szary, Katarzyna Maniakowska, Pawel Kiper, Anna Rutkowska, and Sebastian Rutkowski. "The effect of virtual reality exercise on physical fitness." Rehabilitacja Medyczna 23, no. 2 (August 26, 2019): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3717.

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess physical fitness (PF) in healthy volunteers using the Senior Fitness Test (SFT) after a series of training sessions in virtual reality (VR) using the X-box 360 Kinect System. Materials and methods: This pilot study consisted of 32 healthy subjects aged 19 to 24 years (12 males and 20 females) with the mean age of 20.6±1.4 years and the mean BMI of 23.29±2.3. The subjects participated in the study for 2 weeks, at a frequency of 4 sessions weekly. Each session comprised 4 Kinect Adventures games: 20 000 Leaks, Curvy Creak, Rally Ball and Reflex Ridge. The Senior Fitness Test was used to assess physical fitness. Results: Analysis of data showed improvement in Arm-Curl (30.0 repetitions (rep.)) vs. 35.8 rep., p<0.001), Chair Stand (26.6 rep. vs. 30.2 rep., p<0.001), Back Scratch (3.1 cm vs. 6.1 cm, p<0.033), Chair Sit-and-Reach (1.0 cm vs. 5.3 cm, p<0.001), Up-and-Go (3.5 sec. vs. 3.2 sec., p<0.001) and 6-Minute Walk Test (731.3 m vs. 747.8.m, p<0.220). Statistically significant improvement was noted in 5 out of 6 STF trials. Only the 6-Minute Walk test results were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Training using a console with the Kinect motion sensor had positive effects on the physical fitness of the healthy volunteers.

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Bonnemains, D., J. Escartín, C. Mével, M. Andreani, and A. Verlaguet. "Pervasive silicification and hanging wall overplating along the 13°20′N oceanic detachment fault (Mid-Atlantic Ridge)." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 18, no. 6 (June 2017): 2028–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017gc006846.

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Bunnarong, Somluk, and Prapatpong Upala. "Improving Pedestrian Environment and Traffic Sign System with the Participatory Design at Anuban Ranong School." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 2, no. 5 (March 19, 2017): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v2i5.625.

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The objective of this study is to design and improve the pedestrian environment and traffic signs with the participatory design at Ranong Kindergarten School. The result of this study was brought to identify the promotion of pedestrian safety zone. In the participatory process, the four groups were started up for collaboration including teacher and student group, local community group, academics group, and private organization group. The important finding was the “Brave Walk Unit,” the volunteer students who are the driven mechanism to promote other students who live near the school to walk or ride the bicycle to school on their own.Keywords: Participatory Design; Pedestrian Environment; Traffic Signs System, School zoneISSN: 2398-4287© 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

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McCarthy, Conal. "Destination Museum." Museum Worlds 7, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/armw.2019.070106.

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What was the first museum you remember visiting?I was born in September 1942 during the war. My parents came from Poland. Three weeks after I was born, 6,500 Jews from my father’s hometown, Opatów (Apt, in Yiddish), 65% of the population, disappeared overnight. All but 500 were sent to the Treblinka death camp, and the rest to a forced labour camp. So I grew up in an immigrant neighbourhood in the immediate postwar years. I went through an ultra-Orthodox period (my parents were horrified). I became not only strictly kosher, but also I observed the Sabbath very strictly. That meant I could not ride, spend money, turn on the radio, write, tear paper . . . I could do almost nothing. Except . . . I could walk to the Royal Ontario Museum. . . . and I did. So this was before the era of helicopter parents. At the age of 10, 11, 12 years old, I would walk out of my house, through Queen’s Park, to the ROM, and that was my beloved childhood museum.

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Okamura, Hiroshi, Yuuho Yamashita, Momoko Ichinokawa, and Shota Nishijima. "Comparison of the performance of age-structured models with few survey indices." ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, no. 6 (September 12, 2018): 2016–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsy126.

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Abstract Age-structured models have played an important role in fisheries stock assessment. Although virtual population analysis (VPA) was once the most widely used stock assessment model for when catch-at-age information is available, (hierarchical) statistical catch-at-age analysis (SCAA) is about to take that position. However, the estimation performance of different age-structured models has not been evaluated sufficiently, especially in cases where there are few available abundance indices. We examined the performance of VPA and SCAA using simulation data in which only the abundance indices of spawning stock biomass and recruitment were available. The simulation demonstrated that VPA with the ridge penalty selected by minimizing retrospective bias provided near-unbiased abundance estimates without catch-at-age error and moderately biased estimates with catch-at-age error, whereas SCAA with random-walk selectivity suffered from problems in estimating parameters and population states. Without sufficient information on abundance trends, naïvely using SCAA with many random effects should be done cautiously, and comparing results from various age-structured models via simulation tests will be informative in selecting an appropriate stock assessment model.

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Bertorello, Alejandro M., Yulia Komarova, Kristen Smith, Ingo B. Leibiger, Riad Efendiev, Carlos H. Pedemonte, Gary Borisy, and Jacob I. Sznajder. "Analysis of Na+,K+-ATPase Motion and Incorporation into the Plasma Membrane in Response to G Protein–coupled Receptor Signals in Living Cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 14, no. 3 (March 2003): 1149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e02-06-0367.

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Dopamine (DA) increases Na+,K+-ATPase activity in lung alveolar epithelial cells. This effect is associated with an increase in Na+,K+-ATPase molecules within the plasma membrane ( Ridge et al., 2002 ). Analysis of Na+,K+-ATPase motion was performed in real-time in alveolar cells stably expressing Na+,K+-ATPase molecules carrying a fluorescent tag (green fluorescent protein) in the α-subunit. The data demonstrate a distinct (random walk) pattern of basal movement of Na+,K+-ATPase–containing vesicles in nontreated cells. DA increased the directional movement (by 3.5 fold) of the vesicles and an increase in their velocity (by 25%) that consequently promoted the incorporation of vesicles into the plasma membrane. The movement of Na+,K+-ATPase–containing vesicles and incorporation into the plasma membrane were microtubule dependent, and disruption of this network perturbed vesicle motion toward the plasma membrane and prevented the increase in the Na+,K+-ATPase activity induced by DA. Thus, recruitment of new Na+,K+-ATPase molecules into the plasma membrane appears to be a major mechanism by which dopamine increases total cell Na+,K+-ATPase activity.

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