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Journal articles on the topic 'Wairarapa'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 January 2023

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1

Falloon, J. "The Wairarapa region." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 77 (January 1, 2015): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2015.77.467.

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Wai'ra'rapa - The place Maori called "Land of Glistening Waters". Wairarapa is a region of big skies, wide valleys rolling hill country and rugged coastline. It has a total land area of 8423 square kilometres. The region is named after Lake Wairarapa, which situated at the bottom of the Wairarapa Plain, North of Palliser Bay. Wairarapa is located on the South Eastern Corner of the North Island bounded by the Pacific Ocean in the East, Tararua district in the North and the Tararua Ranges in the west.

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2

Chiswell, Stephen M. "The Wairarapa Coastal Current." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 34, no. 2 (June 2000): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2000.9516934.

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3

Grapes, Rodney. "Geomorphology of faulting: The Wairarapa Fault, New Zealand." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie Supplement Volumes 115 (July 1, 1999): 191–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfgsuppl/115/1999/191.

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4

Grapes, Rodney, and Gaye Downes. "The 1855 Wairarapa, New Zealand, earthquake." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 30, no. 4 (December 31, 1997): 271–368. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.30.4.271-368.

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Nearly 200 historical accounts have been examined and analysed in order to determine the effects of the magnitude 8+ 1855 Wairarapa, New Zealand, earthquake. The documents examined include contemporary diaries, letters and journals, newspaper reports and articles, archives, memoranda and reports of the Wellington Provincial Government as well as later reminiscences, extracts from published scientific papers, books and other articles. Other than the published accounts of Sir Charles Lyell, who, in 1856, first recognised the importance of the earthquake as causing the greatest deformation and surface fault rupture then known, there has been no comprehensive account of the effects of the earthquake in the scientific literature until now. Much or the data is presented with extensive quotations from the source material, especially where conflicting accounts on important aspects have been found. All material is analysed with an understanding of the geographical, social and political conditions at the time. The reliability of the material is taken account of so that first-hand accounts, that have been recorded no more than several years after the earthquake, and in which there are no obvious inconsistencies or confusion with other earthquakes, are valued most highly. Using the historical accounts as the primary source of data, but also taking into account the results of more recent geological, geomorphological and seismological investigations of the deformation, many aspects of the earthquake are discussed in detail. These are mainshock magnitude and epicentre; felt intensity distribution: descriptive account of the effects of the mainshock on people (including casualties) and man-made structures by location throughout New Zealand (including a resume of contemporary building techniques): effects on the environment from strong shaking such as fissuring, liquefaction, spreading, subsidence and landslides, and from tectonically produced uplift, subsidence and faulting; biological effects; tsunami and seiche; aftershock occurrence and social response and recovery.

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5

Downes, G. L., D. J. Dowrick, R. J. Van Dissen, J. J. Taber, G. T. Hancox, and E. G. C. Smith. "The 1942 Wairarapa, New Zealand, earthquakes." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 34, no. 2 (June 30, 2001): 125–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.34.2.125-157.

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In 1942, two large earthquakes, on June 24 (Mw 7.2) and August 1 (UT) (Mw 6.8), strongly shook the lower North Island, causing widespread moderate to severe damage. A third earthquake (Ms 6.0) occurred in the same area on December 2. These earthquakes have now been studied in detail by re-analysing seismograms from 1942 and by the collection and analysis of contemporary technical information and descriptive accounts from many sources. Results include new locations for the three main earthquakes and other moderate magnitude earthquakes in the sequence, summaries of building, lifelines and ground damage, new isoseismal maps and maps showing the distribution of landslides, liquefaction and other ground damage. The study has provided valuable information on the performance of buildings and lifelines in urban and small town environments at high intensities (MM8) and on the distribution of damaged buildings in central Wellington in relation to published ground shaking hazard microzoning maps and foreshore reclamation units. An important result is that scarp-like features described after the June earthquake as surface fault rupture are probably landslide-related rather than tectonically produced. This result and the lack of evidence for any other surface fault rupture, the closeness in time and space of the earthquakes both within the sequence and with the 1934 Pahiatua earthquake, and the similarity of the sequence to the 1990 Weber earthquakes have important implications for seismic hazard assessment of this part of the Hikurangi Margin.

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6

Chiswell, Stephen M. "Circulation within the Wairarapa Eddy, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 37, no. 4 (December 2003): 691–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2003.9517199.

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7

HAWKINS, J., W. McLEA, G. NEEF, and P. VELLA. "Two River Captures, Northwestern Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Geographer 47, no. 1 (April 1991): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7939.1991.tb01976.x.

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8

Abdul-Ghaffar, N., T. Matthews, J. Roseingrave, J. Trower, E. Jo, and N. Sharpe. "The Wairarapa Heart Health Quality Improvement Programme." Heart, Lung and Circulation 19 (January 2010): S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2010.04.002.

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9

Neale. "CREDIBILITY OF PUBLIC WEATHER FORECASTS: A WAIRARAPA PERSPECTIVE." Weather and Climate 12, no. 2 (1992): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/44279836.

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10

Woolfe, Ken J. "Lakes Onoke and Wairarapa as modern analogues for the Hautotara and Te Muna Formations (Mid-Pleistocene), southern Wairarapa, New Zealand." Sedimentary Geology 84, no. 1-4 (April 1993): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(93)90050-f.

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11

Orsborn, S., P. W. Gawith, and D. J. Cameron. "Cost-benefits of supplementing ewes with willow and poplar foliage on a model hill country farm in Wairarapa." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 10 (January 1, 2003): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.10.2003.2990.

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An estimate of the financial benefits from feeding willow/poplar, was attempted by applying results from a three-year trial at Massey University's Riverside Farm, near Masterton, to a typical Wairarapa hill country farming situation using computer modelling. The model assumed poplar and willow planting started ten years ago, and results for Year 10 and Year 20 were compared with a control where sheep were grazed only on pasture typical of Wairarapa farms in late summer/early autumn. After repairs, maintenance and wages were accounted for, the difference in gross margins was $4,755 between the ten-year model and the control model, and $10,236 between the twenty-year model and the control model. While a drought will always affect costs on a hill country farm, protecting the following year's income is crucial. Feeding willow and poplar foliage to ewes during mating can help to sustain lambing percentages and is a drought management option available to farmers having this supplementary feed resource on their properties. Keywords: economic analysis; financial benefits; poplars; willows; feed supplementation

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12

Bromley. "A Trans-Tasman Smoke Plume Event, Wairarapa, December 1997." Weather and Climate 23 (2004): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26169667.

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13

McLoughlin, Chris, Malcolm Ingham, Kathy Whaler, and Don McKnight. "A magnetotelluric transect of the Wairarapa region, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 45, no. 2 (June 2002): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2002.9514972.

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14

Von Borstel, Olaf Ingo, and Malcolm Ingham. "Imaging the Wairarapa Fault at Tauwharenikau using magnetotelluric sounding." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 47, no. 2 (June 2004): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2004.9515055.

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15

Belliss, S. E., A. D. W. Fowler, and M. J. McDonnell. "Linear features in Wairarapa: Quantitative study using Landsat imagery." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 28, no. 2 (April 1985): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1985.10422233.

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16

Vella, P., G. Neef, and W. Kaewyana. "River piracy at Kakariki, north-western Wairarapa, New Zealand." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 17, no. 4 (December 1987): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03036758.1987.10426478.

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17

Darby, Desmond J., and Sarah Beanland. "Possible source models for the 1855 Wairarapa Earthquake, New Zealand." Journal of Geophysical Research 97, B9 (1992): 12375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92jb00567.

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18

Knowles, I. M., T. J. Fraser, and M. J. Daly. "White clover: loss in drought and subsequent recovery." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 11 (January 1, 2003): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.11.2003.2997.

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There are limitations to the production and persistence of white clover in drought prone regions. We report on the population dynamics of white clover during the summer/autumn drought of 2000. Seventeen paddocks were selected from Marlborough, Mid Canterbury, South Canterbury and North Otago on the east coast of the South Island, and Wairarapa in the North Island. The pastures were sown in 1998/99 and are comprised of ryegrass, tall fescue, cocksfoot or combinations of these as the grass base, with white clover included in the mix. White clover populations were monitored pre- and post-drought using tiller cores. The percentage of each region's long-term mean rainfall received during the 6-month "drought period" had the largest influence on the presence of white clover in these pastures. Marlborough, with only 73 mm of rainfall during November 2000-April 2001 (23% of its expected rainfall) suffered a 95% reduction in white clover. Mid Canterbury, South Canterbury and North Otago, at 53-61% of expected rainfall had a 40-78% loss. In contrast, Wairarapa, with 303 mm of rainfall, lost only 8%. The rate of recovery was closely related to the magnitude of white clover loss during drought. In regions where large losses occurred, further sampling after 18 months showed little increase in white clover presence. Key words: drought, persistence, populations, seedling, Trifolium repens, white clover

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19

Hines, BR, DK Kulhanek, CJ Hollis, CB Atkins, and HEG Morgans. "Paleocene–Eocene stratigraphy and paleoenvironment at Tora, Southeast Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 56, no. 4 (December 2013): 243–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2013.836112.

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20

Trodahl, MI, ABH Rees, RM Newnham, and MJ Vandergoes. "Late Holocene geomorphic history of Lake Wairarapa, North Island, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 59, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 330–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2015.1133663.

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21

Chiswell, Stephen M. "Mean and variability in the Wairarapa and Hikurangi Eddies, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 39, no. 1 (March 2005): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2005.9517295.

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22

Barnes, Philip M., and Russell J. Korsch. "Structural analysis of a middle Cretaceous accretionary wedge, Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 33, no. 2 (April 1990): 355–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1990.10425693.

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23

Barnes, Philip M., and Russell J. Korsch. "Melange and related structures in Torlesse accretionary wedge, Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 34, no. 4 (December 1991): 517–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1991.9514487.

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24

Lewis, Anthony J., Stephen J. McNeill, and A. D. W. Fowler. "Interpretation of Almaz‐1A SAR Imagery of the Wairarapa, New Zealand." Geocarto International 14, no. 3 (September 1999): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106049908542120.

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25

Vucetich, C. G., P. Vella, and P. N. Warnes. "Antepenultimate glacial to last glacial deposits in southern Wairarapa, New Zealand." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 26, no. 4 (December 1996): 469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1996.9517521.

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26

Cape, C. D., S. H. Lamb, P. Vella, P. E. Wells, and D. J. Woodward. "Geological structure of Wairarapa Valley, New Zealand, from seismic reflection profiling." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 20, no. 1 (March 1990): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03036758.1990.10426734.

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27

Collins, D. M. "DNA typing ofMycobacterium bovisstrains from the Castlepoint area of the Wairarapa." New Zealand Veterinary Journal 47, no. 6 (December 1999): 207–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1999.36145.

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28

Collective, Mata Aho, and Tim Corballis. "Mata Aho." Counterfutures 5 (June 1, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/cf.v5i0.6396.

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Mata Aho is a contemporary Māori women’s art collective. Its four members, artists Erena Baker (Te Atiawa ki Whakarongotai, Ngāti Toa Rangātira), Sarah Hudson (Ngāti Awa, Ngāi Tūhoe), Bridget Reweti (Ngāti Ranginui, Ngāi Te Rangi), and Terri Te Tau (Rangitāne ki Wairarapa), work together on large, often textile-based, installations linked to mana wāhine—the ‘empowerment and integrity of Māori women’ as they put it in this interview. Tim Corballis asks them about their approach to collective work, and how their artistic collectivity relates to political forms of collectivity.

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29

Van Dissen, R., D. Rhoades, T. Little, N. Litchfield, R. Carne, and P. Villamor. "Conditional probability of rupture of the Wairarapa and Ōhariu faults, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 56, no. 2 (June 2013): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2012.756042.

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30

Barnes, Philip M. "Provenance of Cretaceous accretionary wedge sediments: The Mangapokia Formation, Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 33, no. 1 (January 1990): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1990.10427578.

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31

Faulkner, J. Praat J. Sukias T., and A. Bichan. "Benefits and costs of a constructed wetland on a Wairarapa dairy farm." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 77 (January 1, 2015): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2015.77.474.

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A demonstration wetland was constructed with community support in what was a "wet" 0.75 ha of a Wairarapa dairy farm. This has reduced the level of nitrate-nitrogen leaving the farm, and has also added biodiversity to the farm and the region. Comparison of nitrate-N levels of water flowing in and out of the wetland over three months show this water quality benefit may reduce farm N loss from 14 down to 13 kg N/ha/yr, which equates to an ongoing reduction of around 7% for a one-off investment of at least $55l000. However, other contaminants such as dissolved reactive phosphate may not necessarily be reduced, while counts of Escherichia coli increased in wetland outflow. This project required a range of skills unlikely to be available to an individual farmer without wider community support but now that the wetland is established it will demonstrate what is possible when more complex solutions are implemented for nutrient loss mitigation. Keywords: dairy farm, constructed wetland, denitrification, nitrate-N, water quality, biodiversity

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32

Wells, Patricia E. "Record of an Upper Miocene fossilGoniocorellacoral thicket, Mt Bruce, Wairarapa, New Zealand." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 16, no. 2 (June 1986): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03036758.1986.10418174.

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33

Chiswell, SM, and JD Booth. "Rock lobster Jasus edwardsii larval retention by the Wairarapa Eddy off New Zealand." Marine Ecology Progress Series 183 (1999): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps183227.

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34

Collen, J. D., R. H. Grapes, and S. H. Eagar. "Moa fossils and chronology of a Pleistocene terrace sequence, Tauweru, Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 43, no. 4 (December 2000): 483–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2000.9514904.

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35

Chiswell, Stephen M. "Wairarapa Coastal Current influence on sea surface temperature in Hawke Bay, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 36, no. 2 (June 2002): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2002.9517085.

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36

Wells, Patricia E. "An estuarine fossil assemblage from the Mangaoranga Formation (Upper Miocene), Wairarapa, New Zealand." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 16, no. 4 (December 1986): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03036758.1986.10416810.

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37

Wells, Patricia E. "Late Neogene stratigraphy of the Carrington area, western Wairarapa, North Island, New Zealand." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 19, no. 3 (September 1989): 283–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03036758.1989.10427183.

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38

Mcneill, M. R., D. E. Hume, R. Ashby, M. Ashby, P. Brandon, P. Guscott, B. Tosswill, and R. Barton. "Ryegrass production in Wairarapa, New Zealand: is biological control of Argentine stem weevil important?" NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3148.

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To investigate the interaction between Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis), its parasitoid Microctonus hyperodae, fungal endophyte (Neotyphodium lolii) and its grass host, four endophyte-ryegrass (Lolium perenne) treatments were established on four farms in Wairarapa in autumn 2003. A diploid ryegrass contained either wild-type or AR1 endophyte or was endophytefree, while a tetraploid ryegrass contained AR1 endophyte. Wild-type, AR1 and endophyte-free ryegrasses average 52%, 91% and 2% endophyte-infected tillers for the 3 years of measurement. Moderate increases over time in the proportion of wild-type infected tillers indicated selection pressures favoured endophyte-infected tillers. Endophyte-free tiller populations were 11% lower than AR1 or wild-type but not significantly so. L. bonariensis populations were highest in endophyte-free and wild-type pastures and 80% lower in AR1 pastures. Mean rates of parasitism in L. bonariensis were lower in spring (9%) than autumn (35%), tended to be higher in wild-type than in AR1 diploid ryegrass, and only had a weak relationship with percent endophyte-infection. Keywords: endophyte, Neotyphodium lolii, Lolium perenne, dry matter yields, plant persistence, Listronotus bonariensis, Microctonus hyperodae

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39

Barnes, Philip M., and Jean‐Christophe Audru. "Quaternary faulting in the offshore Flaxbourne and Wairarapa Basins, southern Cook Strait, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 42, no. 3 (September 1999): 349–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1999.9514851.

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40

Schermer, E. R., R. Van Dissen, K. R. Berryman, H. M. Kelsey, and S. M. Cashman. "Active faults, paleoseismology, and historical fault rupture in northern Wairarapa, North Island, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 47, no. 1 (March 2004): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2004.9515040.

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41

Palmer, A. S., C. G. Vucetich, M. McGlone, and M. A. Harper. "Last Glacial loess and early Last Glacial vegetation history of Wairarapa Valley, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 32, no. 4 (October 1989): 499–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1989.10427557.

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42

Hawke, R. M., and S. A. Summers. "Land application of farm dairy effluent: Results from a case study, Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 4 (October 2003): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2003.9513562.

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43

Gao, Jay, and Jimmy Maro. "Topographic controls on evolution of shallow landslides in pastoral Wairarapa, New Zealand, 1979–2003." Geomorphology 114, no. 3 (January 2010): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.08.002.

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44

Horn, P. L., and R. J. Hurst. "Age and stock structure of gemfish (Rexea solandri) in New Zealand waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 2 (1999): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98084.

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Age determination of gemfish by counting hyaline zones in otoliths was validated by following the progression of modes in length–frequency distributions and the progression of strong and weak year classes in age–frequency distributions. Length–frequency and otolith samples were examined from four areas (west Northland, east Northland and Bay of Plenty, Wairarapa coast, and the Stewart- Snares shelf). Age–frequency distributions and von Bertalanffy growth parameters were calculated and compared between areas. Two gemfish stocks are indicated on the basis of patterns of year class strengths, trends in commercial landings and likely spawning areas; one off the east and north of the North Island, and another off the west and south of the South Island. Estimates of natural mortality are presented for the two stocks.

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45

MacDonald, A. J., M. Walter, M. C. Trought, C. M. Frampton, and G. Burnip. "Survey of olive leaf spot in New Zealand." New Zealand Plant Protection 53 (August 1, 2000): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2000.53.3664.

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Olive leaf spot (OLS) or peacock spot caused by the fungal pathogen Spilocaea oleagina can cause reduced growth and yield in olive trees (Olea eurapaea) Investigations were carried out during December 1999 and January 2000 to measure the prevalence and severity of olive leaf spot in the Auckland Waiheke Island Wairarapa Marlborough and Canterbury growing regions of New Zealand The susceptibility of six cultivars (Barnea Manzanillo Frantoio Leccino Nabali and Souri) to OLS was assessed OLS was found in all study areas with Auckland and Marlborough the worst affected OLS appeared to be particularly severe on trees that were growing in sheltered parts of an olive grove Severity increased with age and a correlation between prevalence and severity was found Souri and Nabali were the worst affected cultivars while Frantoio and Leccino were least affected

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46

Dowrick, D. J., and D. A. Rhoades. "Damage ratios for low-rise non-domestic brick buildings in the magnitude 7.1 Wairarapa, New Zealand, earthquake of 24 June 1942." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 35, no. 3 (September 30, 2002): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.35.3.135-148.

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An analysis of damage costs to low-rise non-domestic brick buildings in the MM8 intensity zone of the Mw 7.1 Wairarapa earthquake of 24 June 1942 has evaluated the vulnerability of such buildings in New Zealand for the first time. The buildings studied were mostly of unreinforced brick of average workmanship and material quality, i.e. the second most vulnerable class of New Zealand buildings. Approximate vulnerabilities were also determined for partly reinforced and partly retrofitted buildings, and for one and two-storey buildings. The costs of damage were derived from insurance claims and local government records. The indicators of vulnerability that were determined were the statistical distributions and mean values of damage ratios, and the percentage of buildings damaged. Comparisons have also been made with results from studies of other earthquakes.

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47

Tarbali, Karim, and Brendon A. Bradley. "Representative ground-motion ensembles for several major earthquake scenarios in New Zealand." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 47, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.47.4.231-252.

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In this paper, representative ground motion ensembles for several major earthquake scenarios in New Zealand are developed. Cases considered include representative ground motions for the occurrence of Alpine, Hope and Porters Pass earthquakes in Christchurch city, and the occurrence of Wellington, Wairarapa and Ohariu fault ruptures in Wellington city. For each considered scenario rupture, ensembles of 20 and 7 ground motions are selected using the generalized conditional intensity measure (GCIM) approach, ensuring that the ground motion ensembles represent both the mean and distribution of ground motion intensity which such scenarios could impose. These scenario-based ground motion sets can be used to complement ground motions which are often selected in conjunction with probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, in order to understand the performance of structures for the question “what if this fault ruptures?”

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48

Sirisena, KA, CJ Daughney, M. Moreau, KG Ryan, and GK Chambers. "Relationships between molecular bacterial diversity and chemistry of groundwater in the Wairarapa Valley, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 48, no. 4 (September 15, 2014): 524–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2014.923921.

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49

Lian, Olav B., Ningsheng Wang, R. H. Grapes, and J. D. Collen. "Optical dating of sediments associated with a fossil moa skeleton near Tauweru, Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 43, no. 4 (December 2000): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2000.9514905.

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Neef, G. "Cretaceous and Cenozoic geology east of the Tinui Fault Complex in northeastern Wairarapa, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 38, no. 3 (June 1995): 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1995.9514664.

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