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Academic literature on the topic 'Wages Sex differences Bangladesh'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Wages Sex differences Bangladesh"

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Koenig, Michael A., and Stan D'Souza. "Sex differences in childhood mortality in rural Bangladesh." Social Science & Medicine 22, no. 1 (January 1986): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(86)90303-5.

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Chowdhury, Muhammad Abdul Baker, Mirajul Islam, Jakia Rahman, Mohammed Taj Uddin, Md Rabiul Haque, and Md Jamal Uddin. "Changes in prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adults in Bangladesh: An analysis of two waves of nationally representative surveys." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 2, 2021): e0259507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259507.

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Introduction Bangladesh is one of the countries where the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension is rising due to rising living standards, sedentary lifestyles, and epidemiological transition. Among the NCDs, hypertension is a major risk factor for CVD, accounting for half of all coronary heart disease worldwide. However, detailed research in this area has been limited in Bangladesh. The objective of the study was to estimate changes in the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among Bangladeshi adult population. The study also sought to identify socioeconomic status-related inequality of hypertension prevalence in Bangladesh. Methods Cross-sectional analysis was conducted using nationally representative two waves of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) in 2011 and 2017–18. Survey participants were adults 18 years or older- which included detailed biomarker and anthropometric measurements of 23539 participants. The change in prevalence of hypertension was estimated, and adjusted odds ratios were obtained using multivariable survey logistic regression models. Further, Wagstaff decomposition method was also used to analyze the relative contributions of factors to hypertension. Results From 2011 to 2018, the hypertension prevalence among adults aged ≥35 years increased from 25.84% to 39.40% (p<0.001), with the largest relative increase (97%) among obese individuals. The prevalence among women remained higher than men whereas the relative increase among men and women were 75% and 39%, respectively. Regression analysis identified age and BMI as the independent risk factors of hypertension. Other risk factors of hypertension were sex, marital status, education, geographic region, wealth index, and diabetes status in both survey years. Female adults had significantly higher hypertension risk in both survey years in the overall analysis in, however, in the subgroup analysis, the gender difference in hypertension risk was not significant in rural 2011 and urban 2018 samples. Decomposition analysis revealed that the contributions of socio-economic status related inequality of hypertension in 2011 were46.58% and 20.85% for wealth index and BMI, respectively. However, the contributions of wealth index and BMI have shifted to 12.60% and 55.29%, respectively in 2018. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension among Bangladeshi adults has increased significantly, and there is no subgroup where it is decreasing. Population-level approaches directed at high-risk groups (overweight, obese) should be implemented thoroughly. We underscore prevention strategies by following strong collaboration with stakeholders in the health system of the country to adopt healthy lifestyle choices.
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Chapman, Bruce J., and Charles Mulvey. "An Analysis of the Origins of Sex Differences in Australian Wages." Journal of Industrial Relations 28, no. 4 (December 1986): 504–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568602800402.

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Different levels of measured skills, geographic location and demographicfactors (such as marital status and country of birth) explain almost none of the hourly wage differences of Australian women and men in full-time employment. The major contribution to wage differences is apparently in the different returns paid by employers to men and women for observable characteristics. Usually this is considered as evidence for the existence of direct wage discrimination by employers but—at least for the data of this study—some questions remain as to the extent of this influence. Measurement issues related to both schooling and general labour market experience tend to exaggerate the role of direct employer discrimination, but even extreme assumptions as to the extent of mismeasurement of these variables do not eliminate such discrimination (although it is reduced from 13 to 3.5 per cent). Some part of the overall difference is likely to be a consequertce of (unmeasured) occupation factors and, of much greater contplexity, the possible influence of role-stereotyping and its interaction with family arrangements.
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CHAPMAN, BRUCE J. "SEX AND LOCATION DIFFERENCES IN WAGES IN THE AUSTRALIAN PUBLIC SERVICE." Australian Economic Papers 24, no. 45 (December 1985): 296–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8454.1985.tb00118.x.

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Freni-Sterrantino, Anna, Priscilla Afoakwah, Rachel B. Smith, Rebecca E. Ghosh, and Anna Hansell. "Birth weight centiles and small for gestational age by sex and ethnicity for England and Wales." Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, no. 12 (June 13, 2019): 1188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-316518.

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ObjectivesTo construct UK ethnicity birth weight centiles (UK-EBWC) for gestational age and cut-offs for small for gestational age (SGA) for England and Wales and to evaluate the SGA misclassification using the UK centiles.DesignAnalysis of national birth data.ParticipantsAll live singleton births in England and Wales in 2006–2012, as recorded by the Office for National Statistics and birth registrations, linked with National Health Service into numbers for babies.Main outcome measuresBoth sex-specific and ethnicity-sex-specific birth weight centiles for gestational age, and ethnicity-sex-specific SGA cut-offs. Centiles were computed using the generalised additive model for location, scale and shape.ResultsOur sex-specific centiles performed well and showed an agreement between the expected and observed number of births below the centiles. The ethnicity-sex-specific centiles for Black and Asian presented lower values compared with the White centiles. Comparisons of sex-specific and ethnicity-sex-specific centiles shows that use of sex-specific centiles increases the SGA diagnosed cases by 50% for Asian, 30% for South Asian (Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi) and 20% for Black ethnicity.ConclusionsThe centiles show important differences between ethnic groups, in particular the 10th centile used to define SGA. To account for these differences and to minimise misclassification of SGA, we recommend the use of customised birth weight centiles.
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Bayard, Kimberly, Judith Hellerstein, David Neumark, and Kenneth Troske. "New Evidence on Sex Segregation and Sex Differences in Wages from Matched Employee‐Employer Data." Journal of Labor Economics 21, no. 4 (October 2003): 887–922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/377026.

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Hills, Stephen M. "Race and Sex Differences in the Effects of Early Unemployment on Wages." Review of Black Political Economy 18, no. 4 (March 1990): 13–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02901188.

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Bridges, Sarah, and Samuel Mann. "Sexual Orientation, Legal Partnerships and Wages in Britain." Work, Employment and Society 33, no. 6 (October 28, 2019): 1020–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017019873265.

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This article uses data from the Labour Force Survey to examine the effect sexual orientation has on wages in Britain. In doing so it provides the first empirical investigation of the effect being in a same-sex legal partnership has on wages. The results show that gay cohabitees and lesbians face a wage premium compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Decomposition results show that for gay cohabitees this arises due to differences in observable characteristics, while lesbians not only earn significantly more due to differences in their observable characteristics, but they also receive a higher return for these characteristics. In contrast, although no significant difference in earnings is observed for men in a legal partnership, decomposition results suggest that legally partnered gay males should earn more due to differences in their observable characteristics, while there is also evidence that they face barriers to advancement to senior positions, or a glass ceiling.
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Ryczkowski, Maciej. "Effects of Being in an Occupation – Is ISCO 1 Digit Classification Enough to Model Wages in Poland?" Przegląd Statystyczny 62, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 321–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1756.

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Contrary to neoclassical assumptions of perfect competition, there is a consensus that factors affecting wages include sex, level of education, age, job experience, occupation, post, work-related responsibility and a whole set of personality traits. The paper presents an econometric model that allows to explain wage differences in Poland and extends analyses of wage determinants in Poland by taking into account occupations broken down in accordance with the 2-digit level of International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO). The analysis shows that ISCO 2 digit level is an important and statistically significant determinant of wages in Poland, while models of wages basing on ISCO 1 digit might be not enough to properly capture the role of occupations.
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Hellerstein, Judith K., and David Neumark. "Wage Discrimination, Segregation, and Sex Differences in Wages and Productivity Within and Between Plants." Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society 37, no. 2 (April 1998): 232–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0019-8676.00084.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wages Sex differences Bangladesh"

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Xiang, Jun. "How institutions affect workers' well-being an international study of differences in gender pay gap, rates of return to education, and workers' incomplete information on wages /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.

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Peña-Parga, Ximena. "Essays in labor markets." Connect to Electronic Thesis (ProQuest) Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2008. http://worldcat.org/oclc/436441641/viewonline.

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Paik, Myungho 1971. "Gender differences in demography and labor markets." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3975.

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Gender differences in labor markets and within households have been investigated by researchers for a long time. This dissertation adds new findings to the body of gender-related empirical studies on labor markets and demographic decisions. The first essay deals with the firm size selection behavior of workers and the firms' employment patterns by size in the United States. Using the Current Population Survey, I find that the changes in firm size distribution show different trends by gender between 1987 and 2001. While the percentage of female workers in large firms has increased gradually, that of male workers has hardly changed over time. These trends are not explained by changes in the distribution of demographic and job characteristics alone. I also find that the gender gaps in size-wage premia of workers in large firms decline over the period studied. Using these results, I show that gender wage convergence is partly accounted for by the changes in size distribution and size premia. The second essay examines how internet use affects job search and match outcomes of young workers in South Korea. Using the Youth Panel surveyed in 2001, I find that workers successfully employed through internet search have a significant wage premium over those employed through traditional methods, except for referrals or social networks. The positive wage effect is pronounced among women and previously unemployed workers. I also find that new employees who have ever searched online for jobs are more likely to search for other jobs. The third essay focuses on an idiosyncratic social norm and its effects on demographic outcomes. South Koreans have traditionally considered that the year of the Horse bears inauspicious implications for the birth of daughters. Using monthly longitudinal data at the region level between 1970 and 2003, I find that in the year of the Horse, the sex ratio at birth significantly increases while fertility decreases. The last essay examines how family cultural values, proxied by lunar calendar use for birthday, affect young individuals' marriage and fertility decisions in South Korea. Employing the Youth Panel, I find that young people with lunar birthdays, regardless of gender, are more likely to be married. More interestingly, young married men with lunar birthdays are more likely to have children, while young married women are not influenced by the tradition. These results are consistent with the hypotheses that young men from more traditional families enter into early marriages and that they are more likely to have offspring at earlier ages.
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"Inter-age cohort difference in the returns to education and the gender earning gap in Hong Kong." 1999. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889836.

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Li Yan.
Thesis submitted in: September 1998.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48).
Abstract also in Chinese.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.i
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
LIST OF TABLES --- p.v
Chapter
Chapter I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter II --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5
Chapter 2.1 --- Different Approach to Estimate the Rate of Return to Education --- p.5
Chapter 2.2 --- Age-Cohort Analysis --- p.8
Chapter 2.3 --- Gender Earning Gaps and Decomposition of Wage Differentials --- p.9
Chapter III --- DATA DESCRIPTION --- p.13
Chapter 3.1 --- Data and Methodology --- p.13
Chapter 3.2 --- Education Attainment of Males and Females of Different Cohort --- p.15
Chapter 3.3 --- Monthly Earnings of Individual with Different Educational Level --- p.17
Chapter IV --- REGRESSION ANALYSIS FOR THE RETURNS TO EDUCATION AND THE GENDER EARNING GAPS IN HONG KONG --- p.18
Chapter 4.1 --- Determinants of Monthly Earnings and the Returns to Education --- p.18
Chapter 4.2 --- Returns to Education with respect to Marrage and Age Cohorts --- p.22
Chapter 4.3 --- The Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition --- p.23
Chapter V --- MULTINOMIAL LOGIT ANALYSIS FOR THE RETURNS TO EDUCATION AND THE GENDER EARNING GAPS IN HONG KONG --- p.28
Chapter 5.1 --- The Occupational Distribution --- p.28
Chapter 5.2 --- The Gender Earning Gap across Occupations --- p.31
Chapter 5.3 --- Multinomial Logit Model and the Effect of Educational Attainment --- p.32
Chapter 5.4 --- Prediction of a Nondiscriminatory Occupational Structure for Female --- p.35
Chapter 5.5 --- Occupational Segregation and the Brown et al. Decomposition Method --- p.36
Chapter VI --- POLICY IMPLICATIONS --- p.43
Chapter VII --- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS --- p.45
REFERENCES --- p.47
TABLES --- p.49
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Books on the topic "Wages Sex differences Bangladesh"

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Daly, Anne Elizabeth. The gender wage gap in four countries. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2006.

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Konstantopoulos, Spyros. Gender differences across the earnings distribution: Evidence from NLS: 86 & HSB:92. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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Lavado, Pablo. Cognitive and non-cognitive skills and wages: The role of latent abilities on the gender wage gap in Peru. Oxford, UK: Young Lives, 2013.

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Blau, Francine D. Gender differences in pay. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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Albrecht, James W. Decomposing the gender wage gap in the Netherlands with sample selection adjustments. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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Tansel, Aysıt. Public-private employment choice, wage differentials and gender in Turkey. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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Papps, Kerry L. Income inequality and gender in New Zealand, 1998-2003. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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Mueller, Gerrit. Estimating the effect of personality on male-female earnings. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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Morissette, R. What is happening to earnings inequality in Canada ? Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 1993.

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Navon, Guy. The effects of rent-sharing on the gender wage gap in the Israeli manufacturing sector. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wages Sex differences Bangladesh"

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Bryan, E., E. Kato, and Q. Bernier. "Gender differences in awareness and adoption of climate-smart agriculture practices in Bangladesh." In Gender, climate change and livelihoods: vulnerabilities and adaptations, 123–42. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247053.0010.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on a range of practices that have been identified as climate-smart and appropriate for adoption at the family farm level in the context of Bangladesh, based on input from stakeholders and a review of the literature, as well as a review of ongoing agricultural interventions aimed at enhancing agricultural productivity and climate resilience in the country. Sex-disaggregated data from two communities in Bangladesh are used to assess the gender differences in access to different sources and types of agricultural and climate information. The gender dimensions of awareness and adoption of these CSA practices are then explored in order to understand the extent to which information and knowledge gaps contribute to the adoption patterns of female and male farmers. Given that awareness is likely not the only determinant of adoption of CSA practices, a Heckman selectivity regression model was used to examine the correlates of adoption of specific CSA practices, taking into account the endogeneity of awareness. The chapter concludes by discussing the implications of the results and the need for increasing awareness and adoption of CSA practices by both women and men.
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"Marriage, motherhood, and wages." In Sex Differences in Labor Markets, 65–80. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918-7.

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Korenman, Sanders. "Marriage, motherhood, and wages." In Sex Differences in Labor Markets. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918.ch2.

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"Wages, productivity, and worker characteristics." In Sex Differences in Labor Markets, 222–56. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918-15.

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Hellerstein, Judith, and Kenneth Troske. "Wages, productivity, and worker characteristics." In Sex Differences in Labor Markets. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918.ch9.

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"Fertility timing, wages, and human capital." In Sex Differences in Labor Markets, 107–35. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918-9.

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Bloom, David, and McKinley Blackburn. "Fertility timing, wages, and human capital." In Sex Differences in Labor Markets. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918.ch4.

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Hellerstein, Judith, Kimberly Bayard, and Kenneth Troske. "New evidence on sex segregation and sex differences in wages from matched employer–employee data." In Sex Differences in Labor Markets. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918.pt4.

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"New evidence on sex segregation and sex differences in wages from matched employer–employee data." In Sex Differences in Labor Markets, 315–48. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918-20.

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Chu, C. Y. Cyrus. "Income-Specific Population Models: Steady States and Comparative Dynamics." In Population Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195121582.003.0008.

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I mentioned in chapter 1 that the standard new household economics model of fertility, derived and modified by Becker (1960), DeTray (1973), Willis (1973), and later followers, emphasized the parental choices and tradeoffs between the quantity and the quality of their children. As Becker (1960) pointed out, one motivation for the new household economics approach to fertility decisions is to construct a demand-side household-decision structure to replace Malthus’s out-of-date supply-side population theory. The fertility decision theory along these lines has been called by Schultz (1981, 1988) and Dasgupta (1995) the demand-side demography theory. One difference between the demand-side demography theory and the classical Malthusian theory is that the former approach emphasized the static decision of a micro agent, whereas the Malthusian theory described the macro dynamic pattern of the population. Thus, from a theoretical point of view, the development of the demand-side demography lacks a macro dynamic counterpart. In this chapter I shall establish a macro dynamic population theory based on a fairly general version of Becker’s and others’ static setup of fertility demand. Once we shift our focus to the household fertility decision, it is natural that the household economic variables that affect female fertility decisions, such as her wages, family income, or the opportunity cost of babysitting, will become important explanatory variables of aggregate demographic patterns. Given that the fluctuation of mortality is no longer significant in recent years and that human fertility decisions are largely affected by the above-mentioned household economic variables, then in order to explain the aggregate pattern of population movement, it is natural to classify people by these economic variables rather than by ages. This is another motivation for the derivation of a non-age-specific stable population theory. As we focus upon the macro dynamic implications of Becker’s micro static fertility decision model, it is convenient to ignore sex differences and suppress the age structure of a person by assuming that everyone lives two periods, young and old. This is very much the same as the one-sex Samuelsonian (1958) overlapping-generation model: individuals who remain in the parental household are called young; they become old when they form their own families.
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Reports on the topic "Wages Sex differences Bangladesh"

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Bayard, Kimberly, Judith Hellerstein, David Neumark, and Kenneth Troske. New Evidence on Sex Segregation and Sex Differences in Wages from Matched Employee-Employer Data. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7003.

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