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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Wages – European Economic Community countries'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Field, Heather. "Consequences of concentration on the CAP for European integration." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/123114.

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This sub-thesis deals with the concentration of the European Community (EC) on the Common Agricultural Policy or CAP as its main policy to date, and the consequences of this for the process of integration. This process of integration is considered to be both economic and political, with both the economic welfare and the influence in international affairs of the integrated whole, the European Community, being greater than the sum of these from the individual parts, in this case the member states.

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2

Marinova, Yona Georgieva. "Bifurcation of parallel trade in the European Community." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=25821.

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This thesis examines the regulation of parallel imports of trade marked goods in the European Community (EC), demonstrates its deficiencies and advocates its amendment by the Community legislator. The thesis identifies as a primary characteristic of the regulation the bifurcation of intra-EC and extra-EC parallel importation, that is to say, the fundamental divergence of the regimes of parallel imports coming from another EC Member State and imports coming from third countries. The split as to the rationale, justification and outcome of the two regimes is so substantial that it is viewed as the existence of ‘parallel regulations on parallel trade’ in the Community. The study establishes four different manifestations of this bifurcation, the most evident one concerning the fact that while internal imports are lawful under EC law, external ones could be repelled by the mark owner as trade mark infringement. It is submitted that this variable legal tolerance to parallel trade has been legitimised through the Community rule of limited, regional exhaustion of trade mark rights and the manner in which the European Court of Justice has interpreted its application. Against this background, the thesis raises three groups of legal arguments for reviewing the current Community exhaustion policy and implementing a rule of international trade mark exhaustion. They relate to trade mark law, competition law and certain proclamations of the importance of free unrestricted global trade, made by the Community on international level and in the EC context as well. Finally, the study complements the above legal arguments with socio-economic justifications in support of international exhaustion. The research suggests that the Community should consider the implementation of international trade mark exhaustion and carry out the necessary preparatory steps outlined by the study in this regard.

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3

Marinova, Yona Georgieva. "Bufurcation [sic] of parallel trade in the European Community /." Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted access until May 22, 2014, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25821.

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4

Li, Kwan-leung, and 李君樑. "The European currency crisis: a replay of strains on bretton woods system." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954522.

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5

Cross, Peter John. "Negotiating a comprehensive long-term relationship between South Africa and the European Union: from free trade to trade and development." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002978.

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On 10 May 1994 the European Union offeredSouth Africa a package of measures to ... send a strong political signal to the incoming govemment and to the South African population, thus proving its firm determination to support the transition towards democracy and its willingness to contribute to the reconstruction and economic development of South Africa after the elections. This package consisted of two parts: 1. A series of short term implementations to take place with immediate effect to help South Africa's development and transition, and 2. An offer to negotiate a comprehensive long-term relationship with South Africa should the new government so request. South Africa accepted the European Union's offer to negotiate a long-term relationship, and in response requested membership of the structure governing the Union's relations with the rest of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in the Caribbean and Pacific, namely the Lomé Convention. Due to various incompatibilities South Africa was not allowed to join this organisation. In its place the European Union offered to negotiate an agreement with South Africa that would lead to a Free Trade Area. This agreement was in keeping with the rules as laid down by the World Trade Organisation. It envisaged the lowering of tariffs and trade barriers between the Union and South Africa over a period not exceeding 12 years, allowing for asymmetry in terms of time constraints in implementation only. South Africa saw this type of agreement as inconsistent with the desire expressed by the European Union to support the countries development and the integration of the Southern African region. In its place South Africa proposed a new concept in trade agreement, this concept, known as the Trade and Development Agreement, embodied both trade liberalisation and support for development. This agreement would introduce a new paradigm of thought to govern trade between developed countries and developing countries within the World Trade Organisation's rules. This paper explores the events that unfolded in these negotiations. It attempts to discover whether, in the current global environment, it is possible, or beneficial, for the developed world to act in an altruistic manner towards another state in order to assist its development.

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6

LEAL, ARCAS Rafael. "Theory and practice of EC external trade law and policy." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/13171.

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Defence date: 11 March 2008
Examining board: Prof. Bruno De Witte, European University Institute (Supervisor) ; Prof. Francesca Martines, Faculty of Economics, University of Pisa ; Prof. Petros C. Mavroidis, Columbia Law School, NY and University of Neuchâtel ; Prof. Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, European University Institute
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
Both the European Community (EC) and its Member States agree that it is in their best interest to coordinate their action vis-à-vis the rest of the world in international trade agreements. Theory and Practice of EC External Trade Law and Policy looks at the intricacies of the institutional framework of EC trade law, and with special emphasis on services trade, examines the law and practice of EC external trade relations from a policy, economic, legal and an overarching European constitutional perspective. The objective of the author’s analysis is not only to find ways to nurture and preserve the unitary character of EC external trade relations in areas of shared competence between EU Member States and EU institutions, but also to understand the management of the EC’s external trade relations. The book begins with an analysis of the evolution of the EC common commercial policy, through which the author examines the checks and balances at the micro, meso and macro levels. The author then proceeds to analyse the problems faced by the EU in its external relations and the legal complexity of mixed agreements. This unique legal phenomenon is tackled from an intra-EC perspective as well as from an extra-EU perspective taking into account various implications for third parties. The major EU institutions are examined: the Commission as the negotiator of international trade agreements, the role of the EU Council and the European Parliament in concluding and ratifying of agreements and the European Court of Justice in relation to judicial enforcement. The EU’s decision-making process in the trade arena and its relation with national institutions are examined. The book concludes with an analysis of the EC’s contribution to the Doha Round in the area of services trade.

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7

Ward, Stuart. "Discordant communities : Australia, Britain and the EEC, 1956-1963." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1998. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27667.

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This work is concerned with the demise of ‘British race patriotism’ in Australian political culture in the late 19505 and early 1960s. The organic ideal of British racial community was a founding ideological pillar of Australian nationality for much of this century, yet the declining relevance of these ideas, and the emergence of a more limited, exclusive conception of Australian ‘community’ has not been adequately addressed in the existing historical literature. In many respects, the waning appeal of ‘Britishness’ in Australia was a gradual and piecemeal process, but at the level of Australian political culture the shifts in outlook and assumptions occurred surprisingly rapidly, and converged largely around a single key event; namely, the first British application for membership of the European Economic Community in the years 1961 to 1963. The Macmillan Govemment’s painful choice between the discordant communities of ‘Europe’ and the ‘the British race’ provoked a crisis of British race patriotism in Australia, and prompted long overdue reflection, discussion and debate about the changing determinants of Australian nationhood in the post-war world. This occurred, not under the impetus of an instinctive dawning of an innate and assertive Australian nationalism as is often suggested, but in reaction to the demise of British race patriotism as a viable and credible framework for the ordering of Australian loyalties, priorities and policies. In the case of Britain's EEC membership application, it is significant that the revision of sentimental assumptions took place after it had become painfully self-evident that the United Kingdom was determined to pursue national interests and a national destiny that could no longer be reconciled with the traditional conception of organic Anglo-Australian community. The tensions and contradictions between ‘sentiment’ and 'self—interest‘, long inherent in Australia's political and economic ties to Great Britain, imploded under the impetus of the Macmillan Government's EEC aspirations. Before any limited. sovereign, national community could become fully imaginable in Australian political culture, it was a necessary precondition that the wider sense of British racial community should become ‘unimaginable’.

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8

Ifestos, Panayiotis J. "Some aspects of external relations and foreign policy of the European Community: European political cooperation and defense / security issues." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213536.

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9

Kouba, Cox Martina. "The approximation of EC law in the Czech Republic : transposiiton or transformation?" Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78217.

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This thesis examines the process of approximating EC law that the Czech Republic has undertaken both under the Europe Agreement and in order to fulfill one of the conditions for membership in the European Union. The thesis aims to determine whether the transposition of EC legislation has been undertaken with a view to effective implementation of the acquis communautaire and to assess what implications this process will have for the Czech Republic. To this end, three areas of law which are subject to approximation are examined, namely competition law, environmental law and company law. Accordingly, Chapter I provides a general overview of the process of approximation and the challenges it poses for the Czech Republic. The process of approximation in the field of competition law is examined in Chapter II, followed by environmental law in Chapter III. The area of company law is addressed in Chapter IV. Finally, Chapter V concludes with an analysis of the findings of the previous chapters with a discussion of the implications of approximation for the legal order of the Czech Republic.

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10

Doutrelepont, Carine. "Incidence du droit communautaire sur l'évolution du droit d'auteur: perspectives de rapprochement des législations nationales? analyse à travers certaines composantes du droit d'auteur :étude de droit comparé et de droit européen." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212993.

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11

Perone, Francesco. "Settlement of anti-dumping cases by price undertaking : the European Community and United States practice." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23963.

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The GATT Anti-Dumping Code provides that anti-dumping proceedings may be concluded without the imposition of duties if the exporters of the dumped product offer undertakings which the authorities of the importing country consider acceptable. Undertakings are, in essence, formal commitments by exporters under anti-dumping investigation to abstain from dumping or to ensure that their exports will not injure the domestic producers of the product concerned. In accordance with the GATT rules, he anti-dumping laws of the European Community and the United States contain provisions allowing the anti-dumping authorities to accept price undertakings. In practice, however, the use of undertakings in the two jurisdictions has been considerably different. This thesis analyzes and compares the law and practice of the European Community and the United States with regard to price undertakings.

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12

Hengari, Alfredo Tjiurimo. "A regional economic partnership agreement between SADC and the European Union within the Cotonou framework : opportunities and challenges for the political economy of regional integration in SADC." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49851.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: One of the most notable features of the relations between the European Union and SADC is the current reconfiguration of their trading architecture as encapsulated in the Cotonou Agreement. Such a process of change can be shown to have inevitably been the result of policy shifts, which are salient characteristics of a global political economy, whose ontology is embedded theoretically in neo-liberalism. Nevertheless, any process of change in the structure of global trading relations has the logical outcome of systemically imposing either challenges or opportunities, and in some cases both, on the participants of that structure. This study represents a scholarly attempt at creating a lucid and descriptive embodiment of the challenges and opportunities involved for SADC in the negotiation and implementation of a Regional Economic Partnership Agreement (REPA) with the European Union. These challenges and opportunities, obligatory within a REPA framework are theoretically pronounced in as far as they shape the political economy of regional integration in SADe. The process of negotiating such a multifaceted agreement with a sophisticated partner, calls for institutional and negotiating capacity. Undoubtedly, such capacity is beyond the membership of SADe. The point is also emphasized that the process of trade liberalization, ingrained in a REPA will create a complex and difficult interface with the current SADC initiatives underway to deepen regional integration. Tellingly, these would contradict the cautious developmental and bottom up approach taken by SADC in its drive for regional integration. Conversely, this study concedes that a REPA with the EU holds a number of novel opportunities for SADC because such a process would provide scope for the fundamental restructuring of the SADC economies. The competitive pressures through decreased levels of protection within a REPA can create an upward convergence of low performing industries in the region. These, amongst others are important aspects if the political economy of SADC is to move into a virtuous cycle of deeper integration and ultimate insertion in the global economy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Een van die mees opvallende kenmerke van verhoudinge tussen die Europese Unie (EU) en Suider-Afrikaanse Ontwikkelingsgemeenskap (SAOG) is die huidige rekonjigurasie van handelsbetrekkinge, soos vervat in die Cotonou Ooreenkoms. Hierdie proses is die onafwendbare gevolg van beleidsveranderinge in die internasionale politieke ekonomie, met 'n. ontologie wat teoreties in neo-liberalisme gewortel is. Sodanige veranderinge in die struktuur van internasionale handelsverhoudinge. bied uitdagings sowel as geleenthede, en soms beide, aan deelnemers van sodanige struktuur. Hierdie studie is 'n akademiese poging om 'n helder en deskriptiewe blik te werp op die uitdagings en geleenthede vir die SAOG met betrekking tot die onderhandeling en implimentering van die Regionale Ekonomiese Venootskapsooreenkoms (REVO) met die EU Hierdie uitdagings en geleenthede, wat verpligtend is binne die REVO struktuur, is teoreties belangrik in soverre as wat dit die politeke ekonomie van regionale integrasie in SADC beinvloed. Die onderhandelingsproses van so 'n komplekse dokument met gesofistikeerde vennote vereis intitusionele en onderhandelingskapasiteit. Hierdie kapasiteit is nie in SAOG te vinde nie. Die punt word ook benadruk dat die proses van handelsliberalisering, wat deel uitmaak van REVO, botsend kan wees met SAOG inisiatiewe om regionale integrasie te versterk. In essensie sal dit die huiwerige ontwikkelings en 'onder na ba' benadering, wat die SAOG tans volg, weerspreek. Aan die ander kant, gee die studie toe dat 'n REVO met die EU 'n hele aantal voordele inhou, aangesien so 'n proses momentum kan voorsien vir verreikende herstrukturering van SAOG ekonomieë. Die kompeterende druk a.g. v. 'n afname in beskermingsvlakke onder die REVO, kan lei tot 'n opwaartse neiging onder tradisionele swakpresterende nywerhede in die streek. Hierdie is onder andere belangrike aspekte wat SADC in gedagte moet hou, ten einde deel te word van die deugsame kringloop van dieper integrasie, en uiteindelike deelwording van die internasionale ekonomie.

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13

SEGNI, Laura. "L'esecuzione del bilancio europeo." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/13170.

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Defence date: 15 October 2007
Examining Board: Prof. Jacques Ziller, Relatore (IUE) ; Prof. Giuliano Amato, (IUE) ; Prof. M.P. Chiti, (Università di Firenze) ; Prof. Giacinto della Cananea, (Università di Napoli Federico II)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
no abstract available

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14

Aina, Tosin Philip. "A critical overview of the impact of economic partnership agreement with European Union on trade and economic development in the West African Region." Thesis, UWC, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3216.

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15

O'Malley, Terence T. "The impact of participation in the European monetary union of the abnormal returns to U.S. target companies acquaired by European firms." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2002. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/291.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Business Administration
Finance

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16

Gobin, Corinne. "Consultation et concertation sociales à l'échelle de la Communauté économique européenne: étude des positions et stratégies de la Confédération européenne des syndicats, 1958-1991." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212339.

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17

Shen, Chyi. "Great power trade competition in East Asian markets /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988699.

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18

Bribosia, Emmanuelle. "La protection des droits fondamentaux dans l'ordre juridique communautaire: le poids respectif des logiques fonctionnelle et autonome dans le cadre normatif et jurisprudentiel." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211769.

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19

Fox, Timothy William. "Euros, pounds and Albion at arms: European monetary policy and British defense in the 21st century." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FFox.pdf.

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20

Sievers, Monika. "Liberalization of foreign direct investment : Europe 1992 and the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42049.

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The recent developments in the European Community evoked by the Single European Act and commonly referred to as the creation of "Fortress Europe" by the end of 1992 have been attracted considerable attention with respect to economic and political integration in the international arena. Similarly, the conclusion of the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement aiming at a loose form of economic integration received significant recognition. These two agreements cover not only liberalization of trade in goods and services but moreover, include foreign direct investment. This is of particular significance since little progress has been made in its regulation on an international level in comparison to the regulation of trade in goods. Due to the fact that direct investment is primarily exercised by large multinational enterprises it has a larger political impact on the host countries than trade in goods and services. Foreign ownership of local industry creates the concern of economic dependence and of a loss of sovereign powers among host governments. Consequently, governments introduce laws and regulations aiming at the restriction of direct investment of foreign investors. However, as foreign investment augments economic growth, it is of common benefit to both investors and host countries to provide an investment climate which balances the conflict of interest between the need of legal certainty and flexibility for foreign investors arid the safeguard of economic independence and political freedom of host country governments to introduce and maintain measures deemed necessary for the benefit of their national economies. This thesis will demonstrate the most effective regime to solve this conflict through comparison of the Free Trade Agreement with the Treaty of Rome as amended by the Single European Act. These agreements have been chosen since they involve two of the triad world economic powers and thus, represent industrialized nations with the highest degree of foreign direct investment aiming at the liberalization of direct investment in their "enlarged" markets. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first and second parts will discuss the degree of liberalization of foreign investment within the Common Market including the progress made under the Single European Act of 1986 and within the free trade area established by the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement in 1989. The analysis will centre around the issues of free establishment of companies, the National Treatment Principle, capital movement, and mergers and acquisitions. The third part consists of the comparative analysis and will provide the final conclusions. The conclusions will show that the two agreements share few similarities but they are characterized by their divergent approach to direct investment liberalization. It is submitted that the more comprehensive form of liberalization is reached in the Common Market due to its broad restraint on sovereign powers of its Member States and coherently implemented elimination of restrictions on foreign investment. In contrast, the Free Trade Agreement only imposes selected obligations on the parties to liberalize direct investment. It will become clear that the Free Trade Agreement stands for a settlement of the most vexing investment issues between the parties rather than a commitment to virtually liberalize investment between the U.S. and Canada. In view of this result, recommendations are made to further liberalize investment under the Free Trade Agreement. These have to be seen, however, in the light of numerous economic and political divergencies between the Common Market and the U.S.- Canadian free trade area.
Law, Peter A. Allard School of
Graduate

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21

Badinger, Harald, and Fritz Breuss. "Do small countries of a trade bloc gain more of its enlargement? An empirical test of the Casella effect for the case of the European Community." Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2002. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1732/1/document.pdf.

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Casella (1996) derives theoretically the result that the gains from enlarging a trade bloc fall disproportionately on its small member states. Testing this hypothesis for the Member States of the European Community and its enlargements since 1973, we find mixed results, indicating that such a small country bonus may well exists, but that it is partly neutralized or dominated by economic forces that tend to favour large countries.
Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut

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22

Gordon, H. William (Harold William). "Trade Negotiations in Agriculture: A Comparative Study of the U.S. and the EC." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935682/.

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This study applies Destler's institutional counterweights to Putnam's two-level analysis, substituting Liberal Institutionalism and Realism for internationalism and isolationism, in a comparative case study of the roles played by the U.S. and the EC in multilateral trade negotiations in agriculture under the aegis of the General Agreement for Tariffs and Trade during the first half of the Uruguay Round. Using game theory as an analytical tool in the process, this present study demonstrates that a clear pattern emerges in which stages of cooperation and deadlock can be easily anticipated in games of Chicken and Prisoners' Dilemma in accordance with various but predictable levels of institutional influence.

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23

Vida, Irena. "Impacts of the EC 1992 single market on international marketing activities of American interior furnishing textile manufacturers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42226.

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The US textile industry has traditionally been import-impacted rather than export-oriented. Recent data reveal a significant growth in US textile and apparel exports, indicating that US manufacturers are aware of the importance of expanding internationally. Europe represents the second most important export destination for American textiles. The purpose of this research was to examine the export involvement and marketing characteristics of eight US interior furnishing textile (IFT) manufacturers who market to the EC, and to determine their perceptions of how the creation of the EC 1992 Single Market would affect their future marketing strategies and market potential. The case study method, i.e., personal interviews, was used to investigate the expectations of IFT exporters regarding the EC 1992 market potential, and investigated whether they plan to adapt their export marketing strategies to the changing regulatory and business environment in the EC 1992 Single Market. The informants were drawn from the US IFT companies participating at the Heimtextil 1993 trade show in Frankfurt, Germany. Multiple sources of evidence were used for compilation of final case study reports. Cross-case comparisons revealed that IFT manufacturers exported up to 20 percent of their total sales in 1992, and half of the respondents considered the EC as their primary export market. The firms were direct exporters, catered to wholesalers and distributors, and utilized a focus market niche strategy. Styling and price competitiveness were most commonly mentioned as firms’ competitive advantages. The EC market was viewed merely as an extension of the domestic market. An EC-wide pricing strategy was utilized, and the profit structure in the EC tended to be higher than in the US. Marketing functions in the EC were performed by agents/distributors. Trade shows and product samples were commonly utilized as promotional tools. The executives of the companies under investigation were sensitive to the changing EC external environment and optimistic about the future market potential in the EC 1992 Single market. Major adjustments of their marketing strategies in the new Europe were related to entry modes, distribution and products.
Master of Science

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24

Macheru, Maryanne Wambui. "East African community-European Union economic partnership agreement, to be or not to be? Will conomic partnership agreement undermine or accelerate trade development within the East African community." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4327_1363780584.

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Kar, Anirban. "Is the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) detrimental to the Euro-area firms' performance?" Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Management, c2012, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3361.

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This thesis provides new insight into the EMU’s impact on the Euro-area firms’ performance, by examining the firms’ accounting rates of return and financial cash flows. The impact is evaluated separately for the EMU formation and the physical Euro adoption, and over different time horizons. The existing literature does not directly examine these issues. This study uses the regression model of the difference-in-differences approach to examine 121 Euro-area and North American firms, covering 14 sectors, over the period from 1992 to 2008. The results indicate a positive impact of the EMU on the firms’ financial cash flows, especially after the Euro adoption, which support the related literature. However, the accounting rates of return suggest a mostly negative impact. The magnitude of the impacts declines over time. The results are robust with respect to GDP as a control variable. The study also reports the EMU’s impact on 4 major industrial sectors.
viii, 68 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm

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26

Mourre, Gilles B. P. "Five essays on performance and structural rigidities in European labour markets." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210306.

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The thesis investigates the role of structural rigidities in recent labour market performances in Europe through various and complementary angles in five essays. By structural rigidities, we mean a lasting feature caused by a set of institutions, which prevents a market from operating efficiently. The approach is essentially empirical and macro-economic, while the scope of the analysis is definitely European, which is technically reflected in the use of either euro area aggregates or panels and cross-sections of European countries.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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27

Van, Raepenbusch Sean. "La sécurité sociale des travailleurs migrants en droit européen." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213117.

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28

Van, der Holst Marieke. "EPA negotiations between the EU and SADC/SACU grouping: partnership or asymmetry?" Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1931.

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Thesis (MA (Political Science. International Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
Europe and Africa share a long history that is characterized both by oppression and development. The relationship between the European Union (EU) and the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries is a particularly important aspect of EU development cooperation policy. The developmental history between the EU and Africa started with the Yaoundé Conventions of 1963 and 1969, which were replaced by the Lomé Convention. Unfortunately, the favourable terms and preferential access for the ACP countries to Europe failed and the Lomé Convention was replaced by the Cotonou Partnership Agreement (CPA) in 2000. As a result of a WTO-waiver, the discriminatory non-reciprocal trade preferences, which were previously enjoyed under the Lomé Convention, continued until December 2007. The Cotonou Agreement points out that these trade preferences will be replaced by joint WTOcompatible Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs). During the EPA negotiations, the EU preferred to negotiate on a regional basis instead of negotiating with the ACP as a whole or with individual countries. Consequently, Sub-Saharan Africa formed two negotiation groups; the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) EPA group and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) EPA group, represented by the five Southern African Customs Union (SACU) countries, together with Mozambique and Angola. Although Southern Africa is the region that leads the continent; from an economic perspective, the Southern African states show considerable disparities. Due to the economic differences between South Africa and the BLNS countries (Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia and Swaziland), the interests of the individual SACU countries are diverse and often contradictory, which resulted in complicated EPA negotiations. However, maintaining a favourable long-term trading relationship with the EU is of great importance to the economic and political well-being of the SADC, since the EU is the main trading partner of most African countries. By December 2007, an interim EPA (IEPA) was initialled by the BLNS countries as a result of the pressure to fall back to the unfavourable Generalized System of Preferences (GSP). Due to the bilateral Trade Development and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA) that is in force between South Africa and the EU, South Africa was not negatively influenced by the expiry of the WTO-waiver. The EPA will have a negative impact on regional integration within SADC and will promote distinction within the regional economic communities. Duty free, quota free access was offered to the BLNS countries, but the EU did not extend this offer to South Africa because of the developmental status of the country and the pre-existing TDCA. Consequently, South Africa will be required to export at higher prices and will experience increased competition within the region. The downside of the removal of import tariffs for the BLNS countries is that government revenues will decrease, which might result in income losses and will accentuate poverty. The standstill-clause of the IEPA prevents the SACU countries from diversifying economically and from developing new industries. The Most- Favoured Nation clause primarily impacts negatively on South Africa, since it prevents South Africa from negotiating freely with other countries such as Brazil and China. Furthermore, the strict intellectual property rules of the IEPA undermine access to knowledge and hereby fail to support innovation. The content of a chapter on liberalization of services, that will be included in the full EPA, is still being negotiated. Liberalization of services might lead to more foreign investments in the BLNS countries, as a result of which the quality of services will increase, leading to better education, infrastructure and more job opportunities. However, foreign companies will gain power at the expense of African governments and companies. South Africa is the main supplier of services in the BLNS countries and will therefore be confronted with economic losses when the services sector is liberalized. From an economic nationalist perspective, the EU included numerous provisions in the IEPA that were not necessary for WTO compatibility. However, the EU is aware of the importance of trade agreements for the BLNS countries and found itself in the position to do so to fulfil its own interests. By making use of the expiry date of the WTO waiver; the IEPA was initialled by the BLNS countries within a relatively short period of time. South Africa, in its own national interests, opposed the provisions of the IEPA, which has led to the negotiations deadlock. Because of the economic power and negotiating tactics of the EU and the selfinterested attitude of South Africa in this respect, regional integration is undermined and the poorest countries are once again the worst off. Although Economic Partnership Agreements have to be established, the partnership-pillar is, in my opinion, hard to find.

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29

Belebema, Michael Nguatem. "The incorporation of competition policy in the New Economic Partnership Agreement and its impact on regional integration in the Central African sub-region (CEMAC)." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9186_1307086015.

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The Central African Monetary and Economic Community, known by its French acronym CEMAC (Communauté
Economique et Moné
taire de l&rsquo
Afrique Centrale), is one of the oldest regional economic blocs in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group of states. Its membership comprises of Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. It has a population of over 32 million inhabitants in a three million (3 million) square kilometre expanse of land. The changes in the world economy, and especially between the ACP countries, on the one hand, and the European Economic Community-EEC (hereinafter referred to as European Union (EU)), on the other hand, did not leave the CEMAC region unaffected. CEMAC region, like any other regional economic blocs in Africa was faced with the need to readjust in the face of a New International Economic Order (NIEO). The region which had benefited from preferential access to the EU market including financial assistance through the European Development Fund (EDF) had to comply with the rules laid down in the World Trade Organisation (WTO). This eventually led to a shift in the EU trade policy, in order to ensure that its trade preferences to developing countries were compatible to the rules and obligations of the WTO.

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30

Rubio, Luis Arnoldo. "La Communauté européenne dans le cadre de la crise centre-américaine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213228.

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31

Müller, Ralf. "Europäische Entwicklungspolitik zwischen gemeinschaftlicher Handelspolitik, intergouvernementaler Außenpolitik und ökonomischer Effizienz /." Frankfurt am Main [u. a.] : Lang, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/523584253.pdf.

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32

Au, Si-mi Anna, and 區仕美. "A review on problems faced by land development corporation in launching urban renewal programmes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967991.

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33

Dony, Marianne. "La responsabilité des pouvoirs publics en cas d'intervention dans une entreprise en difficulté." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213118.

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34

Notaro, Nicola. "Judicial approaches to trade and environment : the EC and the WTO /." London : Cameron May, 2003. http://lib.hku.hk/hkspc/wto/index.html.

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35

ISAOGLU, Aysen. "Empirical Essays on Occupations, Reallocation and Wage Differentials." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/12853.

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Defense date: 09/11/2009
Examining Board: Professor Francis Vella, Georgetown University, Supervisor Professor Andrea Ichino, University of Bologna Professor Harmut Lehmann, University of Bologna Professor Ana Rute Cardoso, Institut d’Anàlisi Economica, Barcelona
In this thesis I aim to contribute to the labor economics literature by casting more light on i) measurement errors regarding data on occupational affiliations, ii) worker mobility across occupations and iii) wage differentials between part-time and full-time workers with comparable skills. Throughout, I focus on German labor markets. Germany is one of the major economies in the world and the most important one in Europe. I employ individual level panel data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP). The GSOEP has started in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1984 with around 12,000 respondents representative of the entire residential population. Since then, several samples are added occasionally to reflect the changing population structure of the Germany, like the expansion of the GSOEP to the former German Democratic Republic in June 1990. GSOEP has several advantages as it is based on a rather stable set of questions regarding the demographics, education, earnings and labor market dynamics. Due to its panel data structure, individuals can be followed over time. Together with recently developed econometric methods for panel data, this allows for analyzing the importance of dynamics in individual’s decisions.

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36

VAN, DEN BOSSCHE Peter. "European Community food aid as an instrument for economic and social development and humanitarian relief? : prospects for and constraints on further changes in European Community food aid law." Doctoral thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4575.

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37

BEAUCHESNE, Benedicte. "La protection juridique des entreprises en droit communautaire de la concurrence." Doctoral thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4558.

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Defence date: 27 May 1992
Examining board: Prof. Marie-Chantal Boutard-Labarde (Université de Paris X-Nanterre) ; Prof. Fausto Capelli (Université de Parme) ; Prof. Peter Müller-Graff (Université de Trier) ; Prof. Jürgen Schwarze (Supervisor - EUI) ; Prof. Jean Vergès (Université de Paris I)
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38

DEVILLE, Volker. "Die Europäische Währungseinheit (ECU) : vom Währungskorb zur Europäischen Währung?" Doctoral thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4891.

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Defence date: 2 December 1988
Examining board: Prof. Emil Claassen (Paris/Berlin/Firenze) ; Prof. Paul de Grauwe (Leuven) ; Prof. Wolfgang Gebauer, supervisor (Frankfurt/Firenze) ; Prof. Leonhard Gleske (Frankfurt) ; Prof. Niels Thygesen (København)
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39

BAQUERO, CRUZ Julio. "The economic constitutional law of the European Community: between competition and free movement." Doctoral thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4554.

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Defence date: 5 March 2001
Examining board: Prof. Giuliano Amato, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri; European University Institute (supervisor) ; Prof. Gráinne de Búrca, European University Institute ; Prof. Koen Lenaerts, Judge, Court of First Instance of the European Communities; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ; Prof. Jean-Victor Louis, European University Institute; Université libre de Bruxelles (supervisor) ; Dr. Peter Oliver, Legal Adviser, European Commission
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40

SONG, Ying. "Treaty-making power of the European communities." Doctoral thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4793.

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41

ARPIO, SANTACRUZ Juan Lorenzo. "State aids in the European Community : framework exceptions and implications for national economic policies." Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4545.

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42

POIARES, PESSOA MADURO Luis Miguel. "We the Court : the European Court of Justice, the European economic constitution and article 30 of the EC treaty." Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4753.

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43

STADLER, Klaus-Dieter. "Die Europäische Gemeinschaft in den Vereinten Nationen : die Rolle der EG und ihrer Mitgliedsstaaten im politischen und wirtschaftlichen Entscheidungsprozess der UN-Hauptorgane am Beispiel der Generalversammlung." Doctoral thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5390.

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Defence date: 2 October 1991
Examining Board: Prof. Gerard Braunthal, University of Massachussetts at Amherst ; Prof. Roger Morgan, European University Institute, supervisor ; Simon Nuttall, Director, Commission of the European Communities ; Rüdiger Freiherr von Wechmar, Ambassador a.D., MEP ; Prof. Dr. Werner Weidenfeld, University of Mainz, co-supervisor
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44

CARTEI, Gian Franco. "Gli accordi di programma nel diritto comunitario e nazionale." Doctoral thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5499.

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45

HÜBSCHER, Evelyne. "The joint impact of party politics and institutional constraints on social policy reforms in open economies." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/14710.

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Defence date: 29 September 2010
Examining Board: Evelyne Huber (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill), Peter Mair (EUI) (Supervisor), Philip Manow (University of Heidelberg), Alexander Trechsel (EUI)
Financial resources. My study contributes to the welfare state reform literature by proposing and testing a novel argument based on a multi-dimensional framework of social policy-making. In a nutshell, the results of the nested-analysis of social policy-making show that in institutional settings where political constraints are high, left-wing party government have an adverse effect on the very poor and unskilled in society and do not meet the general expectations that left-wing policy-making increases the outcome equality. My thesis thus extends the standard welfare state research that generally focuses on a single dimension, e.g. the size of expenditure. Unlike previous research that mainly focuses on the size of spending, this project also takes into account compensatory and redistributive aspects of policies as relevant dimensions. A major shortcoming of the many studies on welfare state reforms is their one-dimensional approach. The empirical analysis is based on a nested analysis design, which combines a quantitative macro-analysis with three case studies. The macro-analysis shows that leftist governments increase compensation, particularly in political systems with high institutional constraints, whereas the size of expenditure is not affected by government partisanship. The case country case studies on a series of unemployment insurance and labor market reforms in Germany, Ireland, and Switzerland trace the underlying policy-making processes that led to these macro-level outcomes. The overall results suggest that party politics in social policy-making still matters, especially in countries with high institutional constraints. However, the mechanisms work differently than generally assumed. The strong linkages between left-wing parties and labor unions may have a partially adverse effect on outcome equality. A high level of political constraints combined with a leftist party government leads to redistributive effects that are predominantly beneficiary for `insiders' which are represented by labor unions. The preferential outcome for the `insiders' comes at the expenses of `outsiders' (mainly unskilled, long-term unemployed and part-time employees), which are not represented by powerful interest organizations (Rueda 2007, 2005). My project thus integrates the apolitical institutionalist theory of welfare state development (`New Politics' approach by Pierson) with theories that assign more importance to political struggles, such as the `power resource' approach by Korpi (1989), Korpi and Palme (1998, 2003).

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46

"Die invloed van handelsbetrekkinge tussen Suid-Afrika en die te stigte Europese enkelmark op die vervoer van massavragkommoditeite per spoor." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10566.

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47

MEAD, Philip. "The European Community as an International Actor : Does the Community possess an international personality and responsibility separate from its Member States?" Doctoral thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/26188.

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48

MOREIRO, GONZALEZ Carlos Javier. "Banking in Europe : the harmonization process in establishment and services." Doctoral thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4717.

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Supervisor: F. Snyder
Defence date: 6 March 1992
First made available online on 10 September 2013.
This research is an interdisciplinary approach to the EEC banking harmonization process. The methodology employed consists in focusing the subject from the legal, economic and political Science perspectives. Therefore, the underlying purpose of the research is to study the legal outcomes within their context. The research is subdivided in several parts. The first part is a legal approach to both the first and second Banking Directives as the cornerstones of the EEC banking harmonization process. The detailed analysis of both Directives from an EEC legal perspective is a condition precedent for the understanding of how is being shaped the Community Financial Policy. The Second Part is a political science approach to the role of interest within the EEC decision making process. More specifically, it is an attempt to show how banks can influence legislators for the achievement of their objectives. An additional study to this second part, is constituted by the analysis of the Community policies in consumer protection. This sector provides us with comparative information for an estimation of the importance of "interest” within the shaping of regulatory policies within the EEC. A socioeconomic approach to credit institutions strategies1 for the controlling of financial markets is the subject of the third part. Through the study of the United States current "deregulatory" trends, we show the interrelationship between the world financial markets. A second stage of this part connects the European context with the other representative world financial markets. Thus, similar behaviours can be remarked, which leads the author to the conclusion that neither national governments, nor the European Institutions are currently capable to regulate financial markets without a previous “consensus" with the financial institutions. The fourth part of the research consists in a critical approach to the institutional behaviour of the Community as regards policy-making for the achievement of an integrated financial market by 1992. This analysis shows that credit institutions, whose profits are greatly affected by public policy, have an extraordinary capacity to innovate and adapt, notably as a way of lawfully avoiding the effects of "public Controls”. Each of the four parts of the research used the same methodology. First, there is an introduction to establish the guidelines of the research approach to the subject. Secondly, there is a detailed analysis of the main issues constituting the field of the study. Thirdly, we draw some conclusions from the research.

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49

SHULMAN, Ann R. "Environmental citizen suits in the United States and the European Community." Doctoral thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5621.

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50

BULLAIN, LÓPEZ Inigo. "Las regiones autonomas de la Comunidad Europea y su participacion en el proceso de integracion." Doctoral thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4583.

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Defence date: 29 September 1989
Examining Board: Prof. Iñaki Lasagabaster, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Bilbao ; Prof. Yves Mény, Université de Paris I ; Dr. Roland Bieber, European Parliament ; Prof. Bruno de Witte, EUI (Supervisor)
First made available online: 16 October 2015

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