Journal articles: 'W-band Coplanar Waveguide Power Amplifier'

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Lee, Jong-Wook, and Sang-Moo Heo. "A Ka-band CMOS power amplifier using new substrate-shielded coplanar waveguide." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, no. 11 (November 2008): 2815–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23827.

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SCHLECHTWEG, M. "HIGH FREQUENCY CIRCUITS BASED ON GaAs PHEMT TECHNOLOGY FOR MODERN SENSOR AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 10, no. 01 (March 2000): 393–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156400000404.

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For sensor and communication system applications, monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) feature performance, functionality, reliability, and competitive price. In this paper, the potential of PHEMT ICs for communication and sensor applications up to 100 GHz is discussed. Specifically, I will address the application of coplanar waveguide technology for rf ICs, millimeter-wave multifunctional ICs and power amplifiers, as well as mixed-signal ICs and OEICs. A 77-GHz transceiver MMIC designed for automotive collision avoidance radar is presented as an example of a very compact, multifunctional mm-wave chip. A chip set for active and passive imaging at 94 GHz includes low noise and high gain amplifiers, low phase noise oscillators, and phase shifters. An FMCW module is conceived for material characterization. A family of coplanar power amplifier MMICs for wireless communication in the range of 20 to 60 GHz with output powers up to 1 W is presented. Finally, integrated circuits for high-speed data transmission at 40 Gbit/s will be discussed.

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Amin, Najam Muhammad, Lianfeng Shen, Zhi-Gong Wang, Muhammad Ovais Akhter, and Muhammad Tariq Afridi. "60 GHz-Band Low-Noise Amplifier." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 26, no. 05 (February 8, 2017): 1750075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812661750075x.

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This paper presents the design of a 60[Formula: see text]GHz-band LNA intended for the 63.72–65.88[Formula: see text]GHz frequency range (channel-4 of the 60[Formula: see text]GHz band). The LNA is designed in a 65-nm CMOS technology and the design methodology is based on a constant-current-density biasing scheme. Prior to designing the LNA, a detailed investigation into the transistor and passives performances at millimeter-wave (MMW) frequencies is carried out. It is shown that biasing the transistors for an optimum noise figure performance does not degrade their power gain significantly. Furthermore, three potential inductive transmission line candidates, based on coplanar waveguide (CPW) and microstrip line (MSL) structures, have been considered to realize the MMW interconnects. Electromagnetic (EM) simulations have been performed to design and compare the performances of these inductive lines. It is shown that the inductive quality factor of a CPW-based inductive transmission line ([Formula: see text] is more than 3.4 times higher than its MSL counterpart @ 65[Formula: see text]GHz. A CPW structure, with an optimized ground-equalizing metal strip density to achieve the highest inductive quality factor, is therefore a preferred choice for the design of MMW interconnects, compared to an MSL. The LNA achieves a measured forward gain of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]dB with good input and output impedance matching of better than [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]dB in the desired frequency range. Covering a chip area of 1256[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m[Formula: see text]m including the pads, the LNA dissipates a power of only 16.2[Formula: see text]mW.

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Akinin, V. E., O. V. Borisov, K. A. Ivanov, Yu V. Kolkovskiy, V. M. Minnebaev, and Al V. Redka. "AIR-COOLED 350 W X-BAND SOLID-STATE POWER AMPLIFIER." Electronic engineering Series 2 Semiconductor devices 258, no. 3 (2020): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36845/2073-8250-2020-258-3-43-52.

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In this paper we present the results of the design and production of an air-cooled X-band solid-state power amplifier based on AlGaN/GaN/SiC Schottky FET. The power amplifier includes: preliminary power amplifier, output power amplifiers, set of secondary power supplies, digital control unit, monitoring system for the power amplifier performance, set of microwave power waveguide combiners.

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Rymanov, V., M. Palandöken, S. Dülme, T. Tekin, and A. Stöhr. "Compact Photonic Package for High-Power E-Band (60–90 GHz) Photoreceiver Modules." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2013, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 000883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2013-thp43.

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In this work, we present a novel photonic package for high-power photoreceiver modules operating within the E-band (60–90 GHz). The developed Kovar package features a compact size of only 6×3.5×2 cm3 and comprises an optical single-mode fiber (SMF) input, DC bias supply connections and a WR-12 output for coupling out of the radio frequency (RF) signal. As integration platform, a RF laminate submount with implemented planar bias-T based upon grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) transmission line circuitry is used for efficient mmW propagation, concluding in a GCPW-to-WR-12-transition. Finite element method (FEM) simulations have been carried out to analyze the frequency range of interest. Besides applied adhesive and wire bonding approaches for assembly inside the package, the RF submount exhibits sections for hybrid integration of single components, e.g. of a high-frequency waveguide photodiode. Optionally, up to two high-electron-mobility-transistor (HEMT) power amplifiers can be integrated within the GCPW circuitry. In addition, the RF laminate is mounted on a brass platform. For uniform thermal expansion within the module, a Peltier element is integrated. Concerning the saturation output power of given HEMT amplifiers, e.g. in the order of +17.5 dBm, corresponding power levels are achievable for packaged devices. For instance, an output RF power of only −19.5 dBm within the 71–76 GHz band is required from the photodiode in conjunction with two cascaded HEMT amplifiers, which results in a total gain of ~37 dB. A small series of the introduced device has been already fabricated. First experimental achievements with in-house fabricated modules will be presented.

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Bessemoulin, A., H. Massler, A. Hulsmann, and M. Schlechtweg. "Ka-band high-power and driver MMIC amplifiers using GaAs PHEMTs and coplanar waveguides." IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters 10, no. 12 (2000): 534–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/75.895094.

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Schwantuschke, Dirk, Christian Haupt, Rudolf Kiefer, Peter Brückner, Matthias Seelmann-Eggebert, Axel Tessmann, Michael Mikulla, Ingmar Kallfass, and Rüdiger Quay. "A high-gain high-power amplifier MMIC for V-band applications using 100 nm AlGaN/GaN dual-gate HEMTs." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 4, no. 3 (March 14, 2012): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078712000177.

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In this paper we present the design and realization of a high-power amplifier in grounded coplanar transmission line technology using AlGaN/GaN dual-gate High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with a gate-length of 100 nm to achieve a high gain per stage and high output power. A large-signal model was extracted for the dual-gate HEMT based on the state-space approach. For the fabricated dual-stage amplifier a continuous-wave saturatedoutput power of up to 24.8 dBm (0.84 W/mm) was measured at 63 GHz for 20 V drain bias. A small-signal gain of more than 20 dB was achieved between 56 and 65 GHz.

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He, Yue, Xian Jin Deng, Cheng Wang, and Bin Lu. "W-Band Quadrupler Based on Multi-Chip Module and Schottky Barrier Diodes." Key Engineering Materials 645-646 (May 2015): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.645-646.80.

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This paper reports a W-band solid-state quadrupler based on multi-chip module and nonlinear schottky barrier diodes. The quadruple consists of Q-band doubler and amplifier, branched-guide coupler and two parallel W-band doublers that are power-combined in-phase using T-juntion at output waveguide, and each W-band doubler channel includes two schottky barrier diodes featuring two anodes on a 127um-thick quartz substrate. The power-combined strategy decreases the size of W-band quadrupler to 56mm×33mm×20mm and increases the maximum stable output power by twice with regard to the traditional W-band doubler. The measured output power of the quadrupler is greater than 20mW over the 80 to 90 GHz and 40mW within 80.6 to 86.6 GHz with above 12% 3dB bandwidth when driven with 2mW input power at 300K. The spectrum of output signal is tested and analyzed to obtain the purity and noise performance of signal.

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Shin, Im-Hyu, Choul-Young Kim, Man-Hee Lee, Ji-Han Joo, Sang-Joo Lee, and Dong-Wook Kim. "A Ka-Band 8 W Power Amplifier Module Using 4-Way Waveguide Power Combiners with High Isolation." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 23, no. 2 (February 29, 2012): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2012.23.2.262.

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Song, Kaijun, Fan Zhang, Shunyong Hu, and Yong Fan. "Ku-band 200-W Pulsed Power Amplifier Based on Waveguide Spatially Power-Combining Technique for Industrial Applications." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 61, no. 8 (August 2014): 4274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2013.2284137.

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Bessemoulin, A., R. Quay, S. Ramberger, H. Massler, and M. Schlechtweg. "A 4-W X-band compact coplanar high-power amplifier MMIC with 18-dB gain and 25% PAE." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 38, no. 9 (September 2003): 1433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2003.815935.

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Giese, Malte, Sönke Vehring, Georg Böck, and Arne F. Jacob. "Dual-Polarized Antenna Arrays with CMOS Power Amplifiers for SiP Integration at W-Band." Frequenz 71, no. 9-10 (September 26, 2017): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2017-0162.

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Abstract This paper presents requirements and front-end solutions for low-cost communication systems with data rates of 100 Gbit/s. Link budget analyses in different mass-market applications are conducted for that purpose. It proposes an implementation of the front-end as an active antenna array with support for beam steering and polarization multiplexing over the full W-band. The critical system components are investigated and presented. This applies to a transformer coupled power amplifier (PA) in 40 nm bulk CMOS. It shows saturated output power of more than 10 dBm and power-added-efficiency of more than 10 % over the full W-band. Furthermore, the performance of microstrip-to-waveguide transitions is shown exemplarily as an important part of the active antenna as it interfaces active circuitry and antenna in a polymer-and-metal process. The transition test design shows less than 0.9 dB insertion loss and more than 12 dB return loss for the differential transition over the full W-band.

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Bae, Ikjong, Hyunje Chang, Wansik Kim, Mingi Kim, Jaesub Han, Kichul Kim, Jeungwon Choi, Juman Park, Byungwook Min, and Jongmin Yook. "Waveguide Power Combiner Using E-Plane Signal Transition Structure and Resistive Septum for W-Band High Power Amplifier Applications." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 33, no. 9 (September 2022): 673–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2022.33.9.673.

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Muramatsu, Masayuki, Shinji Nomura, Shuhei Harisaki, Yushi Kato, Yasushi Abe, Mihiro Watanabe, Ken Katagiri, and Atsushi Kitagawa. "Experiment of two-frequency heating for production of multiply charged ion at compact ECR ion source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2244, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012016.

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Abstract Several research and developments have been performed at a compact ECR ion source (Kei3) with a fixed magnetic field at HIMAC. The Kei3 is a testing machine for application of Kei series developed for high-energy carbon-ion radiotherapy. It is difficult for Kei3 to produce ions that are heavier than carbon ion because it uses the same magnetic field distribution as the Kei series. In order to improve the beam current of multiply charged ions such as neon and argon, the two-microwave-frequency heating method was tested in the Kei3. Microwaves are introduced into the plasma chamber with a WR-90 rectangular waveguide. A traveling wave tube (TWT) amplifier made by the NEC (LD79X75A1) is used as the microwave source. The frequency band is 9.75-10.25 GHz and the maximum output power is 750 W. The WR-75 waveguide is also introduced from the upper part of the upstream vacuum chamber and installed on top of the existing the WR-90 waveguide. A TWT amplifier manufactured by the Xicom (XTRD-300IJ) was used as a microwave source for the two-microwave-frequency heating. The frequency band is 10-18 GHz and the maximum output power is 300 W. A beam test with oxygen, neon, and argon was performed in order to confirm the effect of two microwave frequency heating. In this test, we focused on O6+, Ne7+, and Ar9+ ions. We measured the dependence of the XTRD-300IJ microwave frequency and the microwave power of the LD79X75A1 on a charge state distributions.

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Muramatsu, Masayuki, Shinji Nomura, Shuhei Harisaki, Yushi Kato, Yasushi Abe, Mihiro Watanabe, Ken Katagiri, and Atsushi Kitagawa. "Experiment of two-frequency heating for production of multiply charged ion at compact ECR ion source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2244, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012016.

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Abstract Several research and developments have been performed at a compact ECR ion source (Kei3) with a fixed magnetic field at HIMAC. The Kei3 is a testing machine for application of Kei series developed for high-energy carbon-ion radiotherapy. It is difficult for Kei3 to produce ions that are heavier than carbon ion because it uses the same magnetic field distribution as the Kei series. In order to improve the beam current of multiply charged ions such as neon and argon, the two-microwave-frequency heating method was tested in the Kei3. Microwaves are introduced into the plasma chamber with a WR-90 rectangular waveguide. A traveling wave tube (TWT) amplifier made by the NEC (LD79X75A1) is used as the microwave source. The frequency band is 9.75-10.25 GHz and the maximum output power is 750 W. The WR-75 waveguide is also introduced from the upper part of the upstream vacuum chamber and installed on top of the existing the WR-90 waveguide. A TWT amplifier manufactured by the Xicom (XTRD-300IJ) was used as a microwave source for the two-microwave-frequency heating. The frequency band is 10-18 GHz and the maximum output power is 300 W. A beam test with oxygen, neon, and argon was performed in order to confirm the effect of two microwave frequency heating. In this test, we focused on O6+, Ne7+, and Ar9+ ions. We measured the dependence of the XTRD-300IJ microwave frequency and the microwave power of the LD79X75A1 on a charge state distributions.

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Zhuge, Tianxiang, and Yulu Hu. "Design of a Novel High Power V-Band Helix-Folded Waveguide Cascaded Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/846425.

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A design of a V-band Helix-Folded Waveguide (H-FWG) cascaded traveling wave tube (TWT) is presented. In this cascaded structure, a digitized nonlinear theory model is put forward first to simulate these two types of the tubes by common process. Then, an initial design principle is proposed, which can design these two different kinds of tubes universally. Using this principle, a high-gain helix TWT is carefully designed as a first stage amplifier followed by a FWG TWT to obtain high power. Simulations predict that a peak power of 800 W with saturated gain of 60 dB from 55 GHz to 60 GHz can be achieved.

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Manuilov, V. N., S. V. Samsonov, S. V. Mishakin, A. V. Klimov, and K. A. Leshcheva. "Cusp Guns for Helical-Waveguide Gyro-TWTs of a High-Gain High-Power W-Band Amplifier Cascade." Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves 39, no. 5 (February 20, 2018): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10762-018-0473-7.

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Haas, Daniel, and Manfred Thumm. "Design Procedure for a Broadband TE11/HE11 Mode Converter for High-Power Radar Applications." Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves 42, no. 4 (March 9, 2021): 380–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10762-021-00773-y.

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AbstractThe HE11 hybrid mode, propagating in an overmoded corrugated circular waveguide, is widely used for low loss transmission of high-power microwaves. Due to the inherent broadband frequency behaviour, this will be also essential for future broadband high-power radar applications, like space debris observation in low earth orbit (LEO). A promising amplifier concept for such radar sensors is a helical gyro-TWT. However, since the HE11 hybrid mode is not suitable for electron-beam-wave interaction in this kind of vacuum electron device, an additional mode converter is required. The present paper addresses the design procedure of a broadband high-power mode converter, designed for a helical gyro-TWT intended for future broadband high-power radar applications in the W-band. The interaction mode of the helical gyro-TWT under consideration can be easily transferred to the circular waveguide TE11 mode. Therefore, a TE11 ↦ HE11 mode converter is addressed here. The design procedure is based on a scattering matrix formalism and leads to a high HE11 mode content of ≥98.6% within the considered frequency range from 92 GHz to 100 GHz. Inside this frequency band, the mode content is even better and reaches ≈ 99.7% at ≈95 GHz. This allows broadband frequency operation of a helical gyro-TWT and is suitable for broadband high-power radar applications.

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Elsheakh, Dalia N., Rawda A. Mohamed, Omar M. Fahmy, Khaled Ezzat, and Angie R. Eldamak. "Complete Breast Cancer Detection and Monitoring System by Using Microwave Textile Based Antenna Sensors." Biosensors 13, no. 1 (January 4, 2023): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13010087.

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This paper presents the development of a new complete wearable system for detecting breast tumors based on fully textile antenna-based sensors. The proposed sensor is compact and fully made of textiles so that it fits conformably and comfortably on the breasts with dimensions of 24 × 45 × 0.17 mm3 on a cotton substrate. The proposed antenna sensor is fed with a coplanar waveguide feed for easy integration with other systems. It realizes impedance bandwidth from 1.6 GHz up to 10 GHz at |S11| ≤ −6 dB (VSWR ≤ 3) and from 1.8 to 2.4 GHz and from 4 up to 10 GHz at |S11| ≤ −10 dB (VSWR ≤ 2). The proposed sensor acquires a low specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.55 W/kg and 0.25 W/kg at 1g and 10 g, respectively, at 25 dBm power level over the operating band. Furthermore, the proposed system utilizes machine-learning algorithms (MLA) to differentiate between malignant tumor and benign breast tissues. Simulation examples have been recorded to verify and validate machine-learning algorithms in detecting tumors at different sizes of 10 mm and 20 mm, respectively. The classification accuracy reached 100% on the tested dataset when considering |S21| parameter features. The proposed system is vision as a “Smart Bra” that is capable of providing an easy interface for women who require continuous breast monitoring in the comfort of their homes.

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He, W., L. Zhang, C. R. Donaldson, H. Yin, K. Ronald, A. W. Cross, and A. D. R. Phelps. "The Development of broadband millimeter-wave and terahertz gyro-TWAs." Terahertz Science and Technology 13, no. 3 (September 2020): 90–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tst/2020133090.

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The gyrotron travelling wave tube amplifiers (gyro-TWAs) presented in this paper can operate with high efficiency (30%), huge powers and wide bandwidths at high frequencies that no other amplifier can provide. In principle, this is a technology that can be scaled to >1 THz and operate with 20% bandwidths. Resonant coupling of two dispersive waveguide modes in a helically corrugated interaction region (HCIR) can give rise to a non-dispersive eigenwave over a wide frequency band. The synchronism between the ideal wave and an electron cyclotron mode, either fundamental or harmonic, of a large orbit electron beam contributes to the broadband amplification. An electron beam of 55 keV, 1.5 A with a velocity pitch angle of ~1 generated by a thermionic cusp gun is used in our 100 GHz gyro-TWA experiment, which achieves an unsaturated output power of 3.4 kW and gain of 36–38 dB. The design and experimental results of the many components making the gyro-TWA will be presented individually and then the whole system will be introduced. The amplification of a swept signal by the W-band gyro-TWA is demonstrated showing its capabilities in the field of telecommunications. Furthermore, the design studies of a cusp electron gun in the triode configuration and the realization of a 3-fold HCIR operating at 372 GHz will also be displayed.

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Ersoy, Erhan, Serguei Chevtchenko, Paul Kurpas, and Wolfgang Heinrich. "Potential of Coplanar X-band GaN-MMIC Power Amplifiers." Frequenz 68, no. 9-10 (January 30, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2013-0141.

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AbstractWhile the vast majority of GaN X-band PAs is realized as microstrip circuits, this paper reports design, fabrication and measurement of a coplanar version. The amplifier is processed using the FBH 4-inch GaN-on-SiC technology with 0.25 µm-gate GaN HEMTs. The two-stage power amplifier circuit delivers more than 12 W cw output power at 10 GHz, with a large-signal gain of 20 dB and a final stage drain efficiency of 45%. Benchmarking shows that these are best-in-class values for a coplanar X-band MMIC, which come very close to the state-of-the-art microstrip counterparts.

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Journal articles on the topic 'W-band Coplanar Waveguide Power Amplifier'

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