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Academic literature on the topic 'VVUQ'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "VVUQ"

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Marie, Nathalie, Simon Li, Amandine Marrel, Michel Marquès, Sophie Bajard, Annick Tosello, Jorge Perez, et al. "VVUQ of a thermal-hydraulic multi-scale tool on unprotected loss of flow accident in SFR reactor." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 7 (2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2021002.

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Within the framework of the French 4th-generation Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor safety assessment, methodology on VVUQ (Verification, Validation, Uncertainty Quantification) is conducted to demonstrate that the CEA's thermal-hydraulic Scientific Computation Tools (SCTs) are effective and operational for design and safety studies purposes on this type of reactor. This VVUQ-based qualification is a regulatory requirement from the French Nuclear Safety Authority (NSA). In this paper, the current practice of VVUQ approach application for a SFR accidental transient is described with regard to the NSA requirements. It constitutes the first practical, progressively improvable approach. As the SCT is qualified for a given version on a given scenario, the transient related to a total unprotected station blackout has been selected. As it is a very complex multi-scale transient, the SCT MATHYS (which is a coupling of the CATHARE2 tool at system scale, TrioMC tool at component scale and TrioCFD tool at local scale) is used. This paper presents the preliminary VVUQ application to the qualification of this tool on this selected transient. In addition, this work underlines some feedback on design and R&D aspects that should be addressed in the future to improve the SCT.
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Huyghe, Jordan, Vanessa Vallet, David Lecarpentier, Christelle Reynard-Carette, and Claire Vaglio-Gaudard. "How to obtain an enhanced extended uncertainty associated with decay heat calculations of industrial PWRs using the DARWIN2.3 package." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 5 (2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2019002.

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Decay heat is a crucial issue for in-core safety after reactor shutdown and the back-end cycle. An accurate computation of its value has been carried out at the CEA within the framework of the DARWIN2.3 package. The DARWIN2.3 package benefits from a Verification, Validation and Uncertainty Quantification (VVUQ) process. The VVUQ ensures that the parameters of interest computed with the DARWIN2.3 package have been validated over measurements and that biases and uncertainties have been quantified for a particular domain. For the parameter “decay heat”, there are few integral experiments available to ensure the experimental validation over the whole range of parameters needed to cover the French reactor infrastructure (fissile content, burnup, fuel, cooling time). The experimental validation currently covers PWR UOX fuels for cooling times only between 45 minutes and 42 days, and between 13 and 23 years. Therefore, the uncertainty quantification step is of paramount importance in order to increase the reliability and accuracy of decay heat calculations. This paper focuses on the strategy that could be used to resolve this issue with the complement and the exploitation of the DARWIN2.3 experimental validation.
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Santiago, Alfonso, Constantine Butakoff, Beatriz Eguzkitza, Richard A. Gray, Karen May-Newman, Pras Pathmanathan, Vi Vu, and Mariano Vázquez. "Design and execution of a verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification plan for a numerical model of left ventricular flow after LVAD implantation." PLOS Computational Biology 18, no. 6 (June 13, 2022): e1010141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010141.

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Background Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are implantable pumps that act as a life support therapy for patients with severe heart failure. Despite improving the survival rate, LVAD therapy can carry major complications. Particularly, the flow distortion introduced by the LVAD in the left ventricle (LV) may induce thrombus formation. While previous works have used numerical models to study the impact of multiple variables in the intra-LV stagnation regions, a comprehensive validation analysis has never been executed. The main goal of this work is to present a model of the LV-LVAD system and to design and follow a verification, validation and uncertainty quantification (VVUQ) plan based on the ASME V&V40 and V&V20 standards to ensure credible predictions. Methods The experiment used to validate the simulation is the SDSU cardiac simulator, a bench mock-up of the cardiovascular system that allows mimicking multiple operation conditions for the heart-LVAD system. The numerical model is based on Alya, the BSC’s in-house platform for numerical modelling. Alya solves the Navier-Stokes equation with an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation in a deformable ventricle and includes pressure-driven valves, a 0D Windkessel model for the arterial output and a LVAD boundary condition modeled through a dynamic pressure-flow performance curve. The designed VVUQ plan involves: (a) a risk analysis and the associated credibility goals; (b) a verification stage to ensure correctness in the numerical solution procedure; (c) a sensitivity analysis to quantify the impact of the inputs on the four quantities of interest (QoIs) (average aortic root flow Q A o a v g, maximum aortic root flow Q A o m a x, average LVAD flow Q V A D a v g, and maximum LVAD flow Q V A D m a x); (d) an uncertainty quantification using six validation experiments that include extreme operating conditions. Results Numerical code verification tests ensured correctness of the solution procedure and numerical calculation verification showed a grid convergence index (GCI)95% <3.3%. The total Sobol indices obtained during the sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the ejection fraction, the heart rate, and the pump performance curve coefficients are the most impactful inputs for the analysed QoIs. The Minkowski norm is used as validation metric for the uncertainty quantification. It shows that the midpoint cases have more accurate results when compared to the extreme cases. The total computational cost of the simulations was above 100 [core-years] executed in around three weeks time span in Marenostrum IV supercomputer. Conclusions This work details a novel numerical model for the LV-LVAD system, that is supported by the design and execution of a VVUQ plan created following recognised international standards. We present a methodology demonstrating that stringent VVUQ according to ASME standards is feasible but computationally expensive.
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Tuckett, David. "Towards a more facilitating peer environment." International Journal of Psychoanalysis 82, no. 4 (August 2001): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1516/wa1v-abcr-4lrg-vvuq.

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Vozdova, Miluse, Svatava Kubickova, Halina Cernohorska, Jan Fröhlich, and Jiri Rubes. "Satellite DNA Sequences in Canidae and Their Chromosome Distribution in Dog and Red Fox." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 150, no. 2 (2016): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000455081.

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Satellite DNA is a characteristic component of mammalian centromeric heterochromatin, and a comparative analysis of its evolutionary dynamics can be used for phylogenetic studies. We analysed satellite and satellite-like DNA sequences available in NCBI for 4 species of the family Canidae (red fox, Vulpes vulpes, VVU; domestic dog, Canis familiaris, CFA; arctic fox, Vulpes lagopus, VLA; raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides, NPR) by comparative sequence analysis, which revealed 86-90% intraspecies and 76-79% interspecies similarity. Comparative fluorescence in situ hybridisation in the red fox and dog showed signals of the red fox satellite probe in canine and vulpine autosomal centromeres, on VVUY, B chromosomes, and in the distal parts of VVU9q and VVU10p which were shown to contain nucleolus organiser regions. The CFA satellite probe stained autosomal centromeres only in the dog. The CFA satellite-like DNA did not show any significant sequence similarity with the satellite DNA of any species analysed and was localised to the centromeres of 9 canine chromosome pairs. No significant heterochromatin block was detected on the B chromosomes of the red fox. Our results show extensive heterogeneity of satellite sequences among Canidae and prove close evolutionary relationships between the red and arctic fox.
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Steinman, David A., and Francesco Migliavacca. "Editorial: Special Issue on Verification, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification of Cardiovascular Models: Towards Effective VVUQ for Translating Cardiovascular Modelling to Clinical Utility." Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology 9, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13239-018-00393-z.

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Galappaththige, Suran, Richard A. Gray, Caroline Mendonca Costa, Steven Niederer, and Pras Pathmanathan. "Credibility assessment of patient-specific computational modeling using patient-specific cardiac modeling as an exemplar." PLOS Computational Biology 18, no. 10 (October 10, 2022): e1010541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010541.

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Reliable and robust simulation of individual patients using patient-specific models (PSMs) is one of the next frontiers for modeling and simulation (M&S) in healthcare. PSMs, which form the basis of digital twins, can be employed as clinical tools to, for example, assess disease state, predict response to therapy, or optimize therapy. They may also be used to construct virtual cohorts of patients, for in silico evaluation of medical product safety and/or performance. Methods and frameworks have recently been proposed for evaluating the credibility of M&S in healthcare applications. However, such efforts have generally been motivated by models of medical devices or generic patient models; how best to evaluate the credibility of PSMs has largely been unexplored. The aim of this paper is to understand and demonstrate the credibility assessment process for PSMs using patient-specific cardiac electrophysiological (EP) modeling as an exemplar. We first review approaches used to generate cardiac PSMs and consider how verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification (VVUQ) apply to cardiac PSMs. Next, we execute two simulation studies using a publicly available virtual cohort of 24 patient-specific ventricular models, the first a multi-patient verification study, the second investigating the impact of uncertainty in personalized and non-personalized inputs in a virtual cohort. We then use the findings from our analyses to identify how important characteristics of PSMs can be considered when assessing credibility with the approach of the ASME V&V40 Standard, accounting for PSM concepts such as inter- and intra-user variability, multi-patient and “every-patient” error estimation, uncertainty quantification in personalized vs non-personalized inputs, clinical validation, and others. The results of this paper will be useful to developers of cardiac and other medical image based PSMs, when assessing PSM credibility.
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Marks, David F. "Construct Validity of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire." Perceptual and Motor Skills 69, no. 2 (October 1989): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1989.69.2.459.

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Chara (1989) recently questioned the construct validity of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) on empirical grounds. Unfortunately, Chara in that paper has erroneously construed construct validity as independent of criterion-related validity. This error is compounded by Chara and Verplanck's 1986 assumption that the VVIQ assesses purely memory imagery. Further problems arise from Chara's 1989 selective reporting of the relevant literature. Comprehensive review of the VVIQ literature in its totality is necessary before conclusions are possible concerning the questionnaire's construct validity.
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Marks, David F. "Bibliography of Research Utilizing the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire." Perceptual and Motor Skills 69, no. 3-1 (December 1989): 707–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00315125890693-101.

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The Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) is receiving increasing use as a self-report measure of mental, visual imagery vividness. This bibliography contains lists of the publications and dissertations which report investigations of experimental, correlational, and factor analytical research. It also includes publications in which research utilizing the VVIQ is reviewed, critiqued, and discussed. The bibliography provides a resource for investigators.
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Runge, Matthew, Valery Bakhilau, Faisa Omer, and Amedeo D’Angiulli. "Trial-by-Trial Vividness Self-Reports Versus VVIQ." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 35, no. 2 (June 17, 2015): 137–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276236615587490.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "VVUQ"

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Nicolini, Cristina. "Uhakiki wa tamthilia za kiswahili zihusuzo VVU/UKIMWI." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-220452.

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Makala haya yanalenga kuchambua fani na maudhui, muundo na dhamira za tamthilia za Kiswahili zihusuzo VVU/UKIMWI, hasa tamthilia kutoka Tanzania, na uhusiano baina ya VVU/UKIMWI na mila za jadi kama sherehe za jando na unyago. Dhamira muhimu ya kujadili ugonjwa katika kazi za fasihi barani Afrika ilichimbuka katika sanaa za maonyesho ya jadi ya Kiafrika yaani katika shughuli za ngoma na miviga ya kidini kama matambiko kwa miungu, kumtolea Mungu kafara ili mgonjwa apate dawa au kupona. Maudhui yanayohusu ugonjwa yameingia katika tamthilia mamboleo kwa nia ya kuoanisha tamthilia ya kigeni na ngoma ya kijadi, hasa baada ya miaka ya 1980 (ling. Mlama 1983; Hussein 1983). Katika tamthilia za Tanzania za kisasa magonjwa yanayozungumziwa ni mengi, lakini kuanzia miaka ya themanini ugonjwa mpya, yaani VVU/UKIMWI, unachukua nafasi ya dhamira kuu katika kazi nyingi. Lengo kuu la makala haya ni kuchambua na kuhakiki tamthilia teule sita zihusuzo VVU/UKIMWI na kuandikwa zote na waandishi wa kutoka Tanzania. Ninachambua vipengele mbalimbali vya fani na maudhui nikiangalia uhusiano baina ya sifa za kimapokeo na za mamboleo. Ninafafanua pia athari za kimagharibi kutoka tamthilia ya Wayunani yaani vigezo vya Aristotle na dhana ya tanzia. Kwa kuunganisha nadharia za kale za Kimagharibi na za kisasa kutoka Afrika Mashariki, nitatumia pia nadharia ya korasi (Mutembei 2012), na vilevile kuchambua athari za ki-Brecht yaani ukengeushi ambazo zimekuwa na umuhimu mkubwa kwa tamthilia ya kutoka nchini kwingi Afrika na ulimwenguni kote.
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Laws, Eric L. "An Investigation of Color Memory as a Function of Hue, Saturation, Lightness and Observer Imagery Vividness for Blue, Green and Orange Test Hues." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26367.

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Fifty-two college-aged observers participated in an experiment assessing color memory via a PowerPoint '97 computer display program which varied one of the three dimensions of hue, saturation and lightness at a time. Consistent with previous research, errors were greater for the lightness conditions followed by saturation, and least for hue conditions Additionally, a signal detection analysis indicated that d-prime was greatest for the hue conditions, less for saturation and lowest for lightness conditions. There were also significant but unpredicted differences in response criterion which may reflect task difficulty. Scores on the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (Marks, 1973) were, in general, not correlated with performance on these color memory tasks, inconsistent with previous research. The role of complexity of neuronal circuitry, the significance for opponent-process, trichromatic and retinex color vision theories and the relationship to Sokolov's model of color memory were discussed. Also, it was concluded that investigators of color memory using a computer display are well-advised to calibrate the monitor with a colorimeter because the internal computer units may be unreliable indexes of changes in hue, saturation and lightness.
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Henry, Kristin. "Dancing across borders women who become lesbians in mid-life /." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20041018.095939/.

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Radermacher, Harriet. "Participatory action research with people with disabilities exploring experiences of participation /." 2006. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20060904.160428/index.html.

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Neven, Ruth Schmidt. "Constructing mental health problems a critical inquiry into the views of professionals working with children, parents and families /." 2007. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20070514.155102/index.html.

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O'Flaherty, Veronica A. "A very dim light, a very steep hill women in the Victorian branch of the Australian Labor Party /." 2005. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20070517.155054/index.html.

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Knezevic, Neven. "Ba ne'bé where are you going? : the changing nature of United Nations peacekeeping in Timor Leste /." 2007. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20070810.141645/index.html.

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Livings, Earl. "Open silence an application of the perennial philosophy to literary creation /." 2006. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20061010.142535/index.html.

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Fryer, Gary. "Distinguishing characteristics of thoracic medial paraspinal structures determined as abnormal by palpation." 2006. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20070405.125420/index.html.

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Achren, Lynda. "Whose development? a cultural analysis of an AusAID English language project in the Lao People's Democratic Republic /." 2007. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20070917.125308/index.html.

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Books on the topic "VVUQ"

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Nguynen, Đình Phùng. Tireng gọi vvuc sâu: Truyuen dài. Houston, Tex: Nguson Ý, 1997.

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Remarque, Erich Maria. Tình yêu bên vvuc thlam =: Arc de Triomphe. TP. HCM [i.e.TP. Hso Chí Minh]: NXB Trke, 2001.

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Hà, Mai Kim. Thoát bxo vvuc thlam: Tuyten tuap truyuen ngoan. Los Alamitos, CA: Xuân Thu, 1996.

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Ngô, Viret Trọng. Dương Vân Nga: Non cao và vvuc thlam : titeu thuyret lịch syu. [Sacramento, Calif.]: Thanh Thkuy, 2005.

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Hky, Thiuen. Vvuc sâu không đáy, hay là, Im lqang hro thlam trên nhzung chqang đưxong đxoi. Monterey Park, CA: Viuen triret lý Viuet Nam & triret học thre giwoi, 1995.

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Rwebangira, M. K. Mapitio na tathmini ya sheria zinazoathiri VVU/UKIMWI nchini Tanzania: Kijitabu cha muhtasari. Dar es Salaam]: TAWLA, 2003.

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Tume ya Kudhibiti Ukimwi Tanzania. Mada zinazojitokeza katika mwitikio wa kupambana na VVU na UKIMWI: Maswali na majibu. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Commission for AIDS, 2008.

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Ng'hwelo, Dotto Justo. Sheria ya kuzuia na kupambana na virusi vya UKIMWI: Mambo mengine yahusuyo VVU na UKIMWI Tanzania. Dar es Salam,Tanzania: National Organization for Legal Assistance, 2010.

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Atwell, Shirl Jae. VVQ -- Violin Viola Quartet: Conductor Score and Parts. Alfred Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "VVUQ"

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Simmering, Dietmar, Gunther Geller, Detlef Glücklich, Annette Otte, Laurent Richard, and Reinhard Perfler. "Gestaltung von Siedlungsökosystemen am Beispiel der Valley View University (VVU)." In Zukunftsfähige Siedlungsökosysteme, 43–113. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39706-6_4.

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Geller, Gunther, and Detlef Glücklich. "Design, Implementation and Operation of Human Ecosystems: The Example of Valley View University (VVU)." In Sustainable Rural and Urban Ecosystems: Design, Implementation and Operation, 35–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28261-4_4.

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"Summary -VVUQ: verification, validation, uncertainty quantification." In Optimal Modified Continuous Galerkin CFD, 459–74. Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118402719.ch10.

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Conference papers on the topic "VVUQ"

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Abate, Giuseppe, Matteo Daniele, Neda Taymourtash, and Giuseppe Quaranta. "Verification, Validation and Calibration Under Uncertainty for a Scaled Experimental Rotor Model." In Vertical Flight Society 78th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0078-2022-17583.

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Virtual Engineering (VE) in rotorcraft design is a well-established approach to support decision-making throughout the rotorcraft's life-cycle (Ref. 1). The effectiveness of structural design, analysis and CAD software, CFD solvers and rotor aeromechanics codes is crucial throughout rotorcraft life-cycle, from preliminary design phase development to certification process (Ref. 2). The required fidelity level and reducing the number of physical tests during development can be achieved by building a reliable and repeatable protocol for Verification, Validation and Uncertainty Quantification (VVUQ) of numerical models (Refs. 3-5). UQ can be exploited to both determine how much the variability of numerical and physical parameters affect the simulation outcome and perform a calibration of numerical models. This paper aims to perform the three steps of VVUQ for a digital twin of a scaled helicopter designed for wind tunnel tests. In this study, the experimental setup and numerical model will be introduced. Then, the statistical methods implemented for each step will be explained in more detail.
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Irick, Kevin W., Tyler Voskuilen, and Phil Sakievich. "Europa Lander Terminal Sterilization Subsystem (TSS) Thermal Model Verification and Validation (V&V) and Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) Processes." In ASME 2022 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2022 16th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2022-81162.

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Abstract The Jet Propulsion Laboratory has a keen interest in exploring icy moons in the solar system, particularly Jupiter’s Europa. Successful exploration of the moon’s surface includes planetary protection initiatives to prevent the introduction of viable organisms from Earth to Europa. To that end, the Europa lander requires a Terminal Sterilization Subsystem (TSS) to rid the lander of viable organisms that would potentially contaminate the moon’s environment. Sandia National Laboratories has been developing a TSS architecture, relying heavily on computational models to support TSS development. Sandia’s TSS design approach involves using energetic material to thermally sterilize lander components at the end of the mission. A hierarchical modeling approach was used for system development and analysis, where simplified systems were constructed to perform empirical tests for evaluating energetic material formulation development and assist in developing computational models with multiple tiers of physics fidelity. Computational models have been developed using multiple Sandia-native computational tools. Three experimental systems and corresponding computational models have been developed: Tube, Sub-Box Small, and Sub-Box Large systems. This paper presents an explanation of the application context of the TSS along with an overview description of a small portion of the TSS development from a modeling and simulation perspective, specifically highlighting verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification (VVUQ) aspects of the modeling and simulation work. Multiple VVUQ approaches were implemented during TSS development, including solution verification, calibration, uncertainty quantification, global sensitivity analysis, and validation. This paper is not intended to express the design results or parameter values used to model the TSS but to communicate the approaches used and how the results of the VVUQ efforts were used and interpreted to assist system development.
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Budzien, Joanne, James Byerly, Rob Aulwes, Rao Garimella, Angela Herring, and Jon Woodring. "Linking Material Models Between Codes: Establishing Thermodynamic Consistency." In ASME 2022 Verification, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvs2022-86808.

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Abstract One increasingly important workflow for multiphysics simulations is linking simulation codes that have different physics models and different regimes for which they have been optimized. The science question for this scoping work was evaluating the compatibility of physics models on both sides of a link to ensure a smooth simulation continuation was possible. The VVUQ aspects were establishing the most important physics aspects for a credible simulation. The most important aspect was determined to be thermodynamic consistency such that nothing unphysical would be encountered during the simulation. The second most important aspect is ensuring adequate handling of mechanical deformation. The specific problem was driving a Taylor cylinder into an infinitely hard wall. The material was cerium, which has a complicated enough phase diagram to show some interesting thermodynamic behavior during the deformation. The main software involved is Abaqus for the initial simulation, Zelda (a LANL code) for linking, and FLAG (a LANL Lagrangian finite volume code). The basic process is using nominally the same material models in both Abaqus and FLAG to: • perform a calculation in Abaqus • output an ODB file from Abaqus with fields (e.g., density, stress) • use Zelda to extract fields and remap them onto a new mesh suitable for FLAG • continue the simulation in FLAG The remapping of fields onto the new mesh is a negligible source of error. Thermodynamic consistency is a much larger source of overall error and can be large enough to prevent initialization in the receiving code. The situation arises because of the way that the two codes treat different fields. Both codes have interpolation processes for evaluating the thermodynamics. Differences in which variable is primary and which is interpolated lead to numerical errors that can be irrelevant in one code and unusably large in the other code. This paper will explain the VVUQ issues in linking the codes, even with nominally the same material models, and propose some activities to answer some important VVUQ questions.
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Hazelrigg, George A., and Georgia-Ann Klutke. "Models, Uncertainty, and the Sandia V&V Challenge Problem." In ASME 2018 Verification and Validation Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvs2018-9308.

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In this paper, we argue that the Sandia V&V Challenge Problem is ill-posed in that the answers sought do not, mathematically, exist. This effectively discredits both the methodologies applied to the problem and the results, regardless of the approach taken. We apply our arguments to show the types of mistakes present in the papers presented in J. of VVUQ along with the Challenge Problem. Further, we show that, when the problem is properly posed, both the applicable methodology and the solution techniques are easily drawn from the well-developed mathematics of probability and decision theory. The unfortunate aspect of the Challenge Problem as currently stated is that it leads to incorrect and inappropriate mathematical approaches that should be avoided and corrected in the current literature.
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Bodner, Jeff, and Vikas Kaul. "A Framework for In Silico Clinical Trials for Medical Devices Using Concepts From Model Verification, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification (VVUQ)." In ASME 2021 Verification and Validation Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvs2021-65094.

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Abstract The rising costs of clinical trials for medical devices in recent years has led to an increased interest in so-called in silico clinical trials, where simulation results are used to supplement or to replace those obtained from human patients. Here we present a framework for executing such a trial. This framework relies heavily on ideas already developed for model verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification. The framework uses results from an initial cohort of human patients as model validation data, recognizing that the best model credibility evidence usually comes from real patients. The validation exercise leads to an assessment of the model’s suitability based on pre-defined acceptance criteria. If the model meets these criteria, then no additional human patients are required and the study endpoints that can be addressed using the model are met using the simulation results. Conversely, if the model is found to be inadequate, it is abandoned, and the clinical study continues using only human patients in a second cohort. Compared to other frameworks described in the literature based on Bayesian methods, this approach follows a strict model build-validate-predict structure. It can handle epistemic uncertainties in the model inputs, which is a common trait of models of biomedical systems. Another idea discussed here is that the outputs of engineering models rarely coincide with measures that are the basis for clinical endpoints. This manuscript discusses how the link between the model and clinical measure can be established during the trial.
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Reports on the topic "VVUQ"

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Kuongeza ushahidi unaojulikana kwa kuzuia maambukizi ya Virusi vya UKIMWI (VVU) miongoni mwa wasichana na wanawake [Scaling up evidence-informed HIV prevention for adolescent girls and young women]. Population Council, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2014.1000.

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This brief offers priority interventions for programmers based on evidence from successful programming for women and girls; though a number of the interventions listed also benefit men and boys. The brief is divided into three parts: evidence-informed priority areas for programming; implementation and research gaps that must be addressed; and considerations for scaling up successful programming for girls and young women. The interventions described here are based on a thorough review of global evidence; however, each country and community response must be tailored to meet the specific opportunities and challenges faced locally.
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