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Demattio, Lukas. "Sportliche Leistung von Pferden, die als Fohlen intensivmedizinischer Behandlung bedurften." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere / Nutztiere 47, no. 06 (December 2019): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1037-3832.
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Studies AC, Chidlow H, Ere SG et al. Factors associated with long-term athletic outcome in Thoroughbred neonates admitted to an intensive care unit. Equine Vet J 2019; 51: 716–719 Für viele Pferdezüchter stellt sich immer wieder die Frage, wie viel Geld in ein Fohlen investiert werden soll, wenn dieses tierärztlicher Behandlung bedarf. Lohnt sich eine intensivmedizinische Behandlung für ein Fohlen, das für eine sportliche Nutzung vorgesehen ist? Diese Frage versuchten die Autoren in der Studie zu beantworten.
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McLean, Will. "‘We don't need another Scottish vet school’." Veterinary Record 189, no. 1 (July 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.712.
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Argo, Caroline McGregor. "‘Just another vet school? Most definitely not!’." Veterinary Record 189, no. 1 (July 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.713.
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al-Khûlî, Ramadân, and ‘Abd al-Râziq ‘Îsâ. "Un bilan controversé. Le point de vue des historiens égyptiens." Égypte/Monde arabe, no. 1 (June 30, 1999): 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ema.713.
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Cariou, Jean-Yves. "Démarche d’investigation : en veut-on vraiment ? Regard décalé et proposition d’un cadre didactique." RDST, no. 7 (November 18, 2013): 137–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rdst.717.
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LAWRENCE, E. J., G. M. ALLEN, M. WALSHE, M. ALLIN, R. MURRAY, L. RIFKIN, P. K. MCGUIRE, and C. NOSARTI. "The corpus callosum and empathy in adults with a history of preterm birth." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 16, no. 4 (May 5, 2010): 716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617710000500.
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AbstractReduced posterior corpus callosum (CC) area has been consistently observed in children and adolescents born very preterm (VPT). CC structural differences are also observed in people diagnosed with empathy disorders. This study examined empathy in relation to CC size in VPT adults and controls. CC area was manually measured for 17 VPT adults and 9 controls. Participants completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980) and the Empathy Quotient (Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004). VPT adults had reduced posterior CC area in contrast to controls, and a positive linear trend was observed between posterior CC size and gestational age. No between-group empathy differences were observed, although self-reported personal distress in response to social situations was higher in VPT adults, and negatively associated with anterior CC area. We conclude that VPT adults have a smaller posterior CC, which is associated with gestational age, and elevated social distress, which may be mediated by anterior CC size. (JINS, 2010, 16, 716–720.)
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Stepukonis, Faustas, Arvydas Martinkėnas, and Sigutė Norkienė. "SVEIKATINGUMO PERSPEKTYVOS ILGĖJANT VIDUTINEI TIKĖTINO GYVENIMO TRUKMEI." Visuomenės sveikata 29, no. 3 (June 12, 2019): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/sm-hs.2019.030.
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Darbo tikslas. Apžvelgti vidutinės tikėtinos gyvenimo trukmės (toliau – VGT) raidą Lietuvoje, lyginant su kitomis šalimis, nustatyti gyventojų sveikatingumo, sveikatos apsaugos sistemos rodiklių svarbą VGT, prognozuoti tolesnę visuomenių sveikatingumo raidą. Duomenys ir metodai. Tyrime analizuoti 43 pasaulio šalių gyventojų VGT rodiklio sąsajos su kitais demografiniais, gyventojų sveikatingumo, sveikatos apsaugos sistemos rodikliais. Rodiklių duomenys yra 2016 m. arba artimiausi 2016 m. duomenims. Rezultatai. VGT ilgumas statistiškai labai reikšmingai tiesiogiai siejasi su Sveiko gyvenimo trukme (toliau – SGT). VGT atotrūkis nuo SGT vidutiniškai sudaro 9,3 metus. VGT ilgėjant, šis atotrūkis išlieka panašaus dydžio. Be to, VGT statistiškai labai reikšmingai ilgesnė šalyse, kuriose aukštesni Sveiko gyvenimo trukmės įsivertinimai, kuriose daugiau gyventojų pasižymi labai gera arba gera sveikata bei kuriose vyrų Sveiko gyvenimo metų rodikliai aukštesni. Atlikta analizė rodo, kad kuo šalyse ilgesnė VGT, tuo jose statistiškai labai reikšmingai mažesnė dalis asmenų, kuriems reikia pagalbos atliekant kasdienes ar kitokias namų ūkyje kiekvienam individui būtinas veiklas. Pacientų gydymo trukmė ligoninėse statistiškai nesusijusi su VGT: tiek demografiškai senesnėse, tiek jaunesnėse šalyse pacientai ligoninėse vidutiniškai išbūna 7,4 dienas. VGT statistiškai nesusijusi su gydytojų skaičiumi, tenkančiu 100 tūkst. gyv., tačiau statistiškai labai reikšmingai ilgesnė tose šalyse, kuriose išlaidų sveikatai santykinė dalis didesnė. VGT statistiškai labai trumpesnė šalyse, kuriose didesnis mirtingumas dėl kardiovaskulinių ligų bei savižudybių. Išvados. Ilgiausios VGT šalių vyresnio amžiaus gyventojai ilgiau išlieka sveiki ir savarankiški, jiems rečiau reikia pagalbos kasdienėse žmonėms įprastinėse veiklose. Šiame laikotarpyje VGT ilgėjmas sietinas su senatvės nutolinimu, didėjančia geros sveikatos būklės asmenų santykine dalimi, senų žmonių slaugos ir priežiūros poreikio mažėjimu. Jei Lietuvoje VGT toliau ilgės kaip pastaraisiais metais, tikėtinos panašios pozityvios perspektyvos jos gyventojų sveikatingumo srityje. Sparčiai tobulėjančios medicinos technologijos turėtų dar padidinti galimybes vyriausio amžiaus žmonėms anksčiau diagnozuoti ligas, jas sėkmingiau išgydyti, ilgiau išsaugoti jų savarankiškumą.
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Ostanina, Yana A. "PRACTICAL ISSUES OF VAT ADMINISTRATION IN THE DIGITAL CROSSBORDER SERVICES." Ural Journal of Legal Research, no. 6 (2019): 718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34076/2658-512x-2019-6-718-726.
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Moriena, R. A., J. D. Alvarez, S. Pietrokovsky, D. Rubel, L. Prepelitchi, O. M. Racioppi, and C. Wisnivesky. "Presencia de Pseudosuccinea columella naturalmente infestada con Fasciola hepatica en Santo Tomé (Corrientes, Argentina)." Revista Veterinaria 19, no. 2 (July 1, 2008): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/vet.1921896.
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<p>La fasciolosis es una enfermedad producida por Fasciola hepatica. Esta parasitosis produce grandes pérdidas económicas en el ganado bovino de la Provincia de Corrientes, Argentina, y también tiene carácter zoonótico. En el norte de la Provincia, Pseudosuccinea columella es el caracol involucrado en la transmisión de la enfermedad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue ampliar los datos sobre la distribución de P. columella y su infestación natural por F. hepatica en la Provincia de Corrientes. Se recolectaron caracoles en un establecimiento ganadero del Departamento de Santo Tomé, al nordeste de la Provincia, que fueron identificados taxonómicamente, medidos y disecados para verificar la presencia de cercarias de F. hepatica. Los 115 caracoles recolectados fueron identificados como P. columella. La longitud de la conchilla varió entre 0,8–21,3 mm, con una media de 10,0 mm. La prevalencia de caracoles naturalmente infestados por F. hepatica fue de 8 (7,4%) sobre 108 examinados. La presencia de P. columella en distintos departamentos del norte y nordeste de la Provincia de Corrientes y las altas prevalencias de infestación natural por F. hepatica registradas, indicarían el asentamiento de un ciclo de transmisión enzoótica en esta zona.</p>
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Fazzio, L. E., M. J. Giuliodori, W. R. Galván, N. Streitenberger, and M. F. Landoni. "A metaphylactic treatment with double dose oxytetracycline reduces the risk of bovine respiratory disease in feedlot calves." Revista Veterinaria 26, no. 2 (March 31, 2016): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/vet.262213.
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El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del tratamiento metafiláctico con oxitetraciclina (OTC), a simple y doble dosis, en bovinos con alto riesgo de padecer enfermedad respiratoria bovina (ERB). El estudio se realizó en un establecimiento de engorde a corral donde se utilizaron 2.754 terneros que fueron considerados de alto riesgo de padecer ERB.
Se utilizó un diseño en bloque completamente al azar donde se consideró al animal como la unidad experimental y el corral (n=10) como bloque. Se formaron tres grupos experimentales: 1- control (CTL) el cual permaneció sin tratamiento, 2- recibió OTC 20 mg/kg SC (OTC20) y 3- recibió OTC 40 mg/kg SC (OTC40). El riesgo de ERB fue evaluado a través de una regresión logística. Los animales del grupo CTL tuvieron 2,85 y 7,14 veces más chances de enfermarse de ERB que los animales de los grupos OTC20 y OTC40 respectivamente (p<0,001). En conclusión, el tratamiento metafiláctico con OTC es útil para reducir el riesgo de padecer ERB en engorde a corral, siendo su efecto mayor cuando se aplica a la dosis de 40 mg/kg.
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Krivko, Mikhail, Lukáš Moravec, Gabriela Kukalová, Luboš Smutka, and Daniela Šálková. "Frequent Discounts and Loss of VAT for the State Budget of the Czech Republic: Scenario Estimations for Milk." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 1, 2021): 6229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116229.
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Frequent price discounts have become one of the features of retail chains in the Czech Republic. Discounts are most often provided for products popular with customers. One of the products that is subject to frequent discounts is milk. Several expert opinions estimate that up to 50% of milk is sold with frequent price discounts. Price pressure on farmers and food producers owing to frequent price promotions is supported by the purchasing power of retailers and, in extreme cases, leads to sub-cost purchasing prices. These facts set up the framework to assess the impact of frequent price discounts on policymaking, including tax administration. One of the effects of selling goods at discounts is lower VAT collection from shops, and thus lower revenue to the state budget. This paper attempts to estimate one of the potential impacts of frequent price discounts, namely the loss of VAT for the state budget due to low retail prices of milk. Theoretical estimation of the effect of frequent price discounts on VAT can help to assess policy that touches on mark-ups in specific markets, such as food. The estimation is based on data obtained from Czech Statistical Office, FADN, and Orbis databases and employs Monte Carlo simulation to capture the stochastic element of retail markups. Sub-cost prices of producers of milk have a more significant negative effect on VAT revenue than prices of other supply chain participants. The theoretical effect on VAT revenue is estimated to be in the range from a negative effect of 14.9 billion CZK to a positive effect of 7.4 billion CZK. Values of zero VAT effect points (mark-ups of producers, dairies, and retailers) are shown, as well as the critical value of price elasticity of demand (−0.1715), at which the effect of frequent price discounts on VAT revenue is zero.
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Wiltink, Lisette M., Remi A. Nout, Marta Fiocco, Elma Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg, Ina M. Jürgenliemk-Schulz, Jan J. Jobsen, Iris D. Nagtegaal, et al. "No Increased Risk of Second Cancer After Radiotherapy in Patients Treated for Rectal or Endometrial Cancer in the Randomized TME, PORTEC-1, and PORTEC-2 Trials." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 15 (May 20, 2015): 1640–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.58.6693.
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Purpose This study investigated the long-term probability of developing a second cancer in a large pooled cohort of patients treated with surgery with or without radiotherapy (RT). Patients and Methods All second cancers diagnosed in patients included in the TME, PORTEC-1, and PORTEC-2 trials were analyzed. In the TME trial, patients with rectal cancer (n = 1,530) were randomly allocated to preoperative external-beam RT (EBRT; 25 Gy in five fractions) or no RT. In the PORTEC trials, patients with endometrial cancer were randomly assigned to postoperative EBRT (46 Gy in 2-Gy fractions) versus no RT (PORTEC-1; n = 714) or EBRT versus vaginal brachytherapy (VBT; PORTEC-2; n = 427). Results A total of 2,554 patients were analyzed (median follow-up, 13.0 years; range 1.8 to 21.2 years). No differences were found in second cancer probability between patients who were treated without RT (10- and 15-year rates, 15.8% and 26.5%, respectively) and those treated with EBRT (10- and 15-year rates, 15.4% and 25.6%, respectively) or VBT (10-year rate, 14.9%). In the individual trials, no significant differences were found between treatment arms. All cancer survivors had a higher risk of developing a second cancer compared with an age- and sex-matched general population. The standardized incidence ratio for any second cancer was 2.98 (95% CI, 2.82 to 3.14). Conclusion In this pooled trial cohort of > 2,500 patients with pelvic cancers, those who underwent EBRT or VBT had no higher probability of developing a second cancer than patients who were treated with surgery alone. However, patients with rectal or endometrial cancer had an increased probability of developing a second cancer compared with the general population.
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Winarni, Endah, and Dewi Sahara. "Kajian Peningkatan Produktivitas Varietas Unggul Baru Padi Gogo di Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan Study on Increasing Productivity of New Superior Varieties Upland Rice in Rain-fed Rice Fields." JURNAL PANGAN 29, no. 1 (May 19, 2020): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33964/jp.v29i1.454.
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AbstrakVarietas unggul baru (VUB) merupakan salah satu solusi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi gogo. Tujuan pengkajian untuk mengetahui : 1) keragaan pertumbuhan tanaman, 2) tingkat serangan hama, dan 3) produktivitas (VUB) padi gogo di lahan sawah tadah hujan. Kegiatan pengkajian dilaksanakan di Desa Pucung, Kecamatan Bancak, Kabupaten Semarang, pada bulan Mei – Agustus 2016. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di lahan petani dengan metode OFCOR (On Farm Client Oriented Research) seluas 6,5 ha, terbagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu Inpago 5 (1,6 ha), Inpago 8 (1,25 ha), Inpago 9 (1,1 ha), Inpari 19 (1,3 ha) dan lokal/Umbul (1,25 ha). Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa daya tumbuh benih VUB padi gogo 87,31–99,92%, pada umur 90 HST tanaman tertinggi pada varietas Inpago 8, sedangkan jumlah anakan tertinggi pada Inpari 19. Jenis hama yang ditemui adalah penggerek batang dan hama putih palsu pada Inpari 19 dengan tingkat serangan masing-masing 32% dan 7,4 %. Produktivitas gabah tertinggi diperoleh pada Inpago 8, yaitu 5,52 ton/ha GKG, sedangkan produktivitas varietas lainnya berkisar antara 4,63–5,31 ton/ha GKG. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi gogo di lahan sawah tadah hujan dapat mengembangkan varietas Inpago 8. kata kunci : padi gogo, produksi, sawah tadah hujan, varietas unggul baru AbstractNew superior varieties (NSV) is one of the solutions to increase the productivity of upland rice. This study aimed to know : 1) the performance of plant growth, 2) the level of pest attack, and 3) the NSV productivity of upland rice in rain-fed rice fields. The study was conducted in Pucung Village, Bancak Dubdistrict, Semarang Districk in May-August 2016. The activity was carried out on the farmer's land using the OFCOR (On Farm Client Oriented Research) method in area of 6.5 ha, divided into Inpago 5 (1.6 ha), Inpago 8 (1.25 ha), Inpago 9 (1.1 ha), Inpari 19 (1.3 ha) and local/Umbul (1.25 Ha). The results showed that the vigor percentage of NSV seeds 87,31–99,92%, at the age of 90 DAP, the highest plant height was in the Inpago 8, while the highest number of tillers was Inpari 19. The types of pests found were stem borer and fake white pests on Inpari 19 with attack rates of 32% and 7.4% respectively. The highest productivity was obtained at Inpago 8 with 5,52 tons/ha of MPD, while the productivity of other varieties ranged from 4,63 – 5,31 tons/ha of MPD. Based on these results, to improve the productivity of upland rice in rain-fed rice fields can develop Inpago 8 varieties. key words: upland rice, productivity, new superior varieties
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Byrd, M., Taylor Dinyer, and Haley Bergstrom. "Sex Comparisons for Very Short-Term Dynamic Constant External Resistance Training." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 3, no. 4 (October 18, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk3040050.
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This study compared sex responses for strength and barbell velocity from very short-term resistance training (VST, consisting of 2–3 training sessions) for an upper body dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) exercise (bench press [BP]). Ten females (mean ± standard deviation (SD) age: 21.3 ± 3 years, height: 166.2 ± 6 cm, body mass: 71.4 ± 10.7 kg) and 10 males (mean ± SD age: 24.6 ± 4 years, height: 179.5 ± 8 cm, body mass: 88.6 ± 11 kg) completed a pre-test visit to determine the BP 1 repetition maximum (1RM) as well as the mean (BPMV) and peak (BPPV) barbell velocities from the BP 1RM. The VST involved three training visits where the participants performed 5 sets of 6 repetitions, at 65% of the 1RM. The post-test followed the same procedures as the pre-test visit. There were significant increases in 1RM strength for both the males (5.1%) and females (5.4%) between pre-test and post-test. There were no significance differences between sex for mean (BPMV) and peak (BPPV); however, overall there was a 32.7% increase in BPMV and a 29.8% increase in BPPV. These findings indicated an increase in strength and barbell velocity for both males and females as a result of VST upper body DCER exercise in untrained subjects.
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Sakitani, Kosuke, Kenichiro Enooku, Hirokazu Kubo, Akifumi Tanaka, Hisakatsu Arai, Shoji Kawazu, and Kazuhiko Koike. "Clinical characteristics of patients with diabetes mellitus and fatty liver diagnosed by liver/spleen Hounsfield units on CT scan." Journal of International Medical Research 45, no. 3 (May 28, 2017): 1208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060517707672.
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Objective The leading cause of liver injuries in diabetes mellitus may be associated with fatty liver. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between fatty liver and diabetes characteristics. Methods Retrospectively, 970 patients with diabetes were analysed. Fatty liver was diagnosed when the liver/spleen Hounsfield unit ratio by computed tomography was below 0.9. Clinical diabetes characteristics were compared between patients with and without fatty liver. Results Of 970 patients (717 male and 253 female; mean age 64.4 years), 175 males (24.4%) and 60 females (23.7%) had fatty liver. None of the 28 patients with type 1 diabetes had fatty liver. In male patients with type 2 diabetes, age, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), albumin, alanine amino-transferase (ALT), and triglycerides were independently associated with fatty liver. In females, age and bilirubin were associated with fatty liver. Conclusions Fatty liver is associated with type 2 diabetes characteristics, including younger age and elevated VAT, albumin, ALT, and triglycerides in males and younger age and elevated bilirubin levels in females.
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Pugh, Christopher J. A., Victoria S. Sprung, Graham J. Kemp, Paul Richardson, Fariba Shojaee-Moradie, A. Margot Umpleby, Daniel J. Green, N. Timothy Cable, Helen Jones, and Daniel J. Cuthbertson. "Exercise training reverses endothelial dysfunction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 307, no. 9 (November 1, 2014): H1298—H1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00306.2014.
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction is an early manifestation of atherosclerosis and an important prognostic marker for future cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was twofold: to examine 1) the association between liver fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and endothelial dysfunction in obese NAFLD patients and 2) the impact of supervised exercise training on this vascular defect. Brachial artery endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in 34 obese NAFLD patients and 20 obese controls of similar age and cardiorespiratory fitness [peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2 peak)] (48 ± 2 vs. 47 ± 2 yr; 27 ± 1 vs. 26 ± 2 ml·kg−1·min−1−1). Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy quantified abdominal and liver fat, respectively. Twenty-one NAFLD patients completed either 16 wk of supervised moderate-intensity exercise training ( n = 13) or conventional care ( n = 8). Differences between NAFLD and controls were compared using independent t-tests and effects of interventions by analysis of covariance. NAFLD patients had higher liver fat [11.6% (95% CI = 7.4, 18.1), P < 0.0005] and VAT [1.6 liters (95% CI = 1.2, 2.0), P < 0.0001] than controls and exhibited impaired FMD compared with controls [−3.6% (95% CI = −4.9, −2.2), P < 0.0001]. FMD was inversely correlated with VAT ( r = −0.54, P = 0.001) in NAFLD, although the impairment in FMD remained following covariate adjustment for VAT [3.1% (95% CI = 1.8, 4.5), P < 0.001]. Exercise training, but not conventional care, significantly improved V̇o2 peak [9.1 ml·kg−1·min−1 (95% CI = 4.1, 14.1); P = 0.001] and FMD [3.6% (95% CI = 1.6, 5.7), P = 0.002]. Endothelial dysfunction in NAFLD cannot be fully explained by excess VAT but can be reversed with exercise training; this has potential implications for the primary prevention of CVD in NAFLD.
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MELNYCHUK, Vitaliy, Valentyna YEVSTAFIEVA, Tetiana BAKHUR, Anatoliy ANTIPOV, and Diana FESHCHENKO. "The prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep (Ovisaries) in the central and south-eastern regions of Ukraine." TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES 44, no. 5 (October 27, 2020): 985–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/vet-2004-54.
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The article investigates into the species composition of agents causing gastrointestinal tract nematodes in sheep. It determines the forms of nematodes communities. For this purpose, 710 sheep were examined, 79.58% of which were infected. The fauna of nematodes was represented by 15 species of helminths from 12 genera: Bunostomum, Oesophagostomum, Nematodirus, Chabertia, Cooperia, Trichostrongylus, Ostertagia, Haemonchus, Тrichuris, Aonchotheca, Strongyloides, and Skrjabinema. The indicators of infestation intensity in sheep ranged from 1 to 93 specimens per animal, and the abundance index ranged from 0.01 to 16.96 specimens per animal. The most common nematodes are H. contortus (prevalence, 61.97%), O. circumcincta (59.58%), T. colubriformis (57.35%), Т. оvis (55.21%), N. spathiger (49.01%), Oe. venulosum (42.54%), S. ovis (41.13%), Ch. оvina (36.76%), and T. skrjabini (26.34%). Gastrointestinal nematodes in the body of 99.12% of the infected sheep proceeded as parasitic communities. Most frequently, coinvasions were represented by parasitic communities which consisted of five (prevalence, 14.51%), six (19.44%), or seven (15.92%) species. The study revealed 361 varieties of mixed coinvasions. The most frequent comembers were H. contortus, O. circumcincta, T. colubriformis, Т. оvis, N. spathiger, S. ovis, and Ch. оvina. The data obtained provide an opportunity to increase the effectiveness of measures to combat and prevent gastrointestinal tract nematodes in sheep farms.
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Hudda, N., S. Fruin, R. J. Delfino, and C. Sioutas. "Efficient determination of vehicle emission factors by fuel use category using on-road measurements: downward trends on Los Angeles freight corridor I-710." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2013): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-347-2013.
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Abstract. To evaluate the success of vehicle emissions regulations, trends in both fleet-wide average emissions as well as high-emitter emissions are needed, but it is challenging to capture the full spread of vehicle emission factors (EFs) with chassis dynamometer or tunnel studies, and remote sensing studies cannot evaluate particulate compounds. We developed an alternative method that links real-time on-road pollutant measurements from a mobile platform with real-time traffic data, and allows efficient calculation of both the average and the spread of EFs for light-duty gasoline-powered vehicles (LDG) and heavy-duty diesel-powered vehicles (HDD). This is the first study in California to report EFs under a full range of real-world driving conditions on multiple freeways. Fleet average LDG EFs were in agreement with most recent studies and an order of magnitude lower than observed HDD EFs. HDD EFs reflected the relatively rapid decreases in diesel emissions that have recently occurred in Los Angeles/California, and on I-710, a primary route used for goods movement and a focus of additional truck fleet turnover incentives, HDD EFs were often lower than on other freeways. When freeway emission rates (ER) were quantified as the product of EF and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per time per mile of freeway, despite a two- to three-fold difference in HDD fractions between freeways, ERs were found to be generally similar in magnitude. Higher LDG VMT on low HDD fraction freeways largely offset the difference. Therefore, the conventional assumption that freeways with the highest HDD fractions are significantly worse sources of total emissions in Los Angeles may no longer be~true.
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Jarreta, David Delagostini, Eduardo Netto de Souza, Oscar Balancin, and Celso Antonio Barbosa. "ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA BASE DE DADOS DE SOFTWARE DE SIMULAÇÃO NUMÉRICA PARA CONFORMAÇÃO A QUENTE DA LIGA VAT® 718." Tecnologia em Metalurgia e Materiais 5, no. 1 (2008): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/tmm.00501006.
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Lorente, Nicolas, Karen Champenois, Jérôme Blanche, Marie Préau, Marie Suzan-Monti, Marion Mora, Lionel Fugon, et al. "Investigating Recent Testing among MSM: Results from Community-Based HIV Rapid Testing Attendees in France." Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2013 (July 28, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/648791.
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Background. We aimed to identify factors associated with recent HIV testing in MSM who attended two experimental community-based and nonmedicalized voluntary counselling and testing programmes (CB-VCT) targeting MSM in France. Methods. This analysis was based on data collected in 2009–2011 through a self-administered pretesting questionnaire. An index measuring the level of participants’ sexual orientation disclosure was built: the higher the index, the greater the disclosure. Factors associated with recent HIV testing (last test ≤ 1 year) were identified using a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for the CB-VCT programme of enrolment. Results. 716 MSM provided data on testing history. Overall, 49% were recently tested for HIV and 51% were not. Recently tested MSM had a higher homosexuality disclosure index (adjusted OR [95% confidence interval]: aOR = 1.2 [1.1–1.4]), reported more inconsistent condom use during anal sex with men (aOR = 1.6 [1.2–2.1]), and were less likely to have sex under the influence of club drugs (aOR = 0.6 [0.4–1.0]). Conclusion. New testing strategies should focus on those who live their homosexuality relatively secretly and those who use club drugs before sex. Governments should develop policies which encourage improved social acceptance of homosexuality as concealment of sexual orientation represents a major barrier to testing.
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JAUHARI, SODIQ. "Keragaan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tiga Varietas Padi Pada Rekomendasi Pemupukan Yang Berbeda." JURNAL PANGAN 30, no. 1 (May 17, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33964/jp.v30i1.525.
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Peningkatan produktifitas dan kualitas hasil padi dapat dilakukan melalui penggunaan VUB yang bermutu dan aplikasi pemupukan spsifik lokasi. Kegiatan penelitian di lahan petani MT 2016/2017 tepatnya di Desa Rowoboni, Kecamatan Banyubiru, Kabupaten Semarang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan tiga padi VUB yaitu V1= Inbrida Inpari JT-6, V2= Hibrida Hipa C-5 dan V3= varietas lokal (Umbul) dan Tiga macam pupuk rekomendasi spesifik lokasi yaitu P1=Permentan No 40 2007, P2=pupuk rekomendasi hasil PUTS , P3=pemupukan rekomendasi kebiasaan petani. Hasil analisis sidik ragam perlakuan pemberian pupuk rekomendasi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil pada varietas yang sama, namun memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata antar varietas terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, umur berbunga dan hasil. Rekomendasi pemupukan PUTS memberikan perbedaan nyata antar varietas terhadap jumlah anakan produktif dengan hasil tertinggi padi Inbrida Inpari JT-6 16,10 batang dan hasil GKG sejumlah 7,4 t/ha . Sehingga ada peningkatan produktifitas 5,71 persen atau 0,4 ton/ha GKG. Rekomendasi pemupukan PUTS mampu memberikan tingkat penghematan penggunaan pupuk Urea sejumlah 58,41 kg/ha (29,2 persen), pupuk SP-36 sejumlah 112,5 kg (59,7 persen) dan pupuk KCl sejumlah 10 kg (20 persen) dibanding pemupukan kebiasaan petani.
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Hanuš, J., P. Vernazza, M. Viikinkoski, M. Ferrais, N. Rambaux, E. Podlewska-Gaca, A. Drouard, et al. "(704) Interamnia: a transitional object between a dwarf planet and a typical irregular-shaped minor body." Astronomy & Astrophysics 633 (January 2020): A65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936639.
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Context. With an estimated diameter in the 320–350 km range, (704) Interamnia is the fifth largest main belt asteroid and one of the few bodies that fills the gap in size between the four largest bodies with D > 400 km (Ceres, Vesta, Pallas and Hygiea) and the numerous smaller bodies with diameter ≤200 km. However, despite its large size, little is known about the shape and spin state of Interamnia and, therefore, about its bulk composition and past collisional evolution. Aims. We aimed to test at what size and mass the shape of a small body departs from a nearly ellipsoidal equilibrium shape (as observed in the case of the four largest asteroids) to an irregular shape as routinely observed in the case of smaller (D ≤ 200 km) bodies. Methods. We observed Interamnia as part of our ESO VLT/SPHERE large program (ID: 199.C-0074) at thirteen different epochs. In addition, several new optical lightcurves were recorded. These data, along with stellar occultation data from the literature, were fed to the All-Data Asteroid Modeling algorithm to reconstruct the 3D-shape model of Interamnia and to determine its spin state. Results. Interamnia’s volume-equivalent diameter of 332 ± 6 km implies a bulk density of ρ = 1.98 ± 0.68 g cm−3, which suggests that Interamnia – like Ceres and Hygiea – contains a high fraction of water ice, consistent with the paucity of apparent craters. Our observations reveal a shape that can be well approximated by an ellipsoid, and that is compatible with a fluid hydrostatic equilibrium at the 2σ level. Conclusions. The rather regular shape of Interamnia implies that the size and mass limit, under which the shapes of minor bodies with a high amount of water ice in the subsurface become irregular, has to be searched among smaller (D ≤ 300 km) less massive (m ≤ 3 × 1019 kg) bodies.
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Jiang, Cho Pei, M. Fahrur Rozy Hentihu, Tzu Yi Lei, and Shyh Yuan Lee. "Three-Dimensional Slurry Printing Technology in Ceramic and Metal Application." Solid State Phenomena 311 (October 2020): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.311.21.
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Vat photopolymerization is one of additive manufacturing and also known as photo-curable three-dimensional printing technology. It uses light energy with the proper wavelength to expose on the liquid photo-curable resin inducing the photopolymerization process and resulting in solidification layer-by-layer. The building method is classified into two ways: free-surface and constrained-surface. The advantage and disadvantage of both methods are described and analysed according to the different material property and requirement. The basic composition for photo-curable resin consists of photo-initiator and monomer. Adding powder into photo-curable resin makes the photo-curable slurry. Literatures report that high density powder such as zirconia oxide or Inconel 718 is suitable for free-surface building method because of poor suspension. However, the volume percentage in the slurry is less than 50% causing the higher shrinkage ratio and inaccuracy after sintering process. The coupling agent may increase the suspension of powder in slurry but experimental result shows that it still cannot improve the success rate in the constrained-surface building method. Therefore, this study proposes a combination method to overcome the difficulty of making high density ceramic or metal part. In addition, the sintering process is a key factor to obtain the high dense part with no crack occurrence and desirable microstructure. The optimized sintering parameters for zirconia oxide and Inconel 718 are also introduced.
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Basso, Gabriela Romanini, Álvaro Della Bona, Delton Luiz Gobbi, and Dileta Cecchetti. "Fluoride Release from Restorative Materials." Brazilian Dental Journal 22, no. 5 (2011): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402011000500001.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro fluoride (F) release from 4 restorative materials (3M ESPE): Ketak Molar Easymix [KME - conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC)]; Rely-X luting 2 [RL2 - resin-modified GIC (RMGIC)]; Vitremer (VIT- RMGIC); and Filtek Z250 [Z250 - negative control]. Disc-shaped specimens were fabricated according to the manufacturer’s instructions and placed into 10 mL of reverse osmosis water at 37°C until the analyses were done using a liquid membrane for selective F ion electrode (Orion 710). F release was evaluated every 6 h in the first day and thereafter daily during 28 days (d). The results were analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). Mean F release and standard deviation values (in ppm) were: KME: 6 h- 0.34 ± 0.04; 24 h- 1.22 ± 0.30; 7 d- 0.29 ± 0.09; 14 d- 0.20 ± 0.04; 28 d- 0.16 ± 0.01; RL2: 6 h- 2.46 ± 0.48; 24 h-12.33 ± 2.93; 7 d- 1.37 ± 0.38; 14 d- 0.80 ± 0.13; 28 d- 0.80 ± 0.21; VIT: 6 h- 0.98 ± 0.35; 24 h- 4.35 ± 1.22; 7 d- 0.66 ± 0.23; 14 d- 0.40 ± 0.07; 28 d- 0.39 ± 0.08; Z250: 6 h- 0.029 ± 0.001; 24 h- 0.024 ± 0.009; 7 d- 0.023 ± 0.004; 14 d- 0.025 ± 0.001; 28 d- 0.028 ± 0.001. RL2 RMGIC released more F than the other materials in all periods. The greatest release of F occurred in the first 24 h.
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Smiljanic, Sonja, Snezana Grujic, Mihajlo Tosic, Vladimir Zivanovic, Srdjan Matijasevic, Jelena Nikolic, and Vladimir Topalovic. "Effect of La2O3 on the structure and the properties of strontium borate glasses." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 22, no. 1 (2016): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq150213031s.
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The selected lanthanum-strontium-borate glasses were prepared by a conventional melt-quenching technique. The compositions of the investigated glasses were chosen to be: 5.7, 9.5, 14.3, 19.1 mol % for La2O3, 22.9, 19.1, 14.3, 9.5 for mol % SrO and 71.4 mol % for B2O3. The density, molar volume, oxygen molar volume, oxygen packing density, oxygen/boron ratios and structural transformations in the glass network were investigated according to the substitution of SrO by La2O3. The density and the molar volume increased in parallel with La2O3 content increase. Simultaneously, oxygen molar volume values increased while the oxygen packing density values decreased. A hot stage microscope (HSM) and a differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to determine the characteristic temperatures. By increasing the content of lanthanum, the glass transition temperatures, changed with the same trend as the molar volume. Glass stability parameters were calculated from the temperatures obtained by DTA and HSM. The HSM results were used to obtain the viscosity curves by applying Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT) equation.
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Trivanovic, Dragan, Stjepko Plestina, Renata Dobrilla-Dintinjana, Lorena Honovic, Lems Jerin, and Irena Hrstic. "Vitamin D3 supplementation to improve fatigue in patients with advanced cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 9097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.9097.
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9097 Background: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of patients diagnosed with cancer. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of mortality in oncology patients. We conducted a prospective vitamin D (cholecalciferol) supplementation study to analyse the response to oral D3 supplementation on fatigue in this population of chemo-naïve patients. Methods: Eligibility critera included life expectancy ≥ 6 months, ECOG PS 0-3, low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 at the time of diagnosis (using cutoff value of 32 ng/mL), and normal serum calcium level. Cancer related fatigue was measured with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Fatigue module (FACT-F). Patients were randomized to receive oral supplementation with 2,000 IU of Vitamin D3 daily for 3 months with standard cancer treatment or to continue standard treatment without vit D3 supplementation. Primary endpoint was changes in the FACT-F scale. Secondary endpoints was improvement of vitamin D serum levels and safety. Results: 69 vit D deficient patients enrolled in the this study between November 2009 and November 2011 returned a baseline FACT-F. The mean serum 25(OH)D levels were 18.7 ng/ml (SD = 7.4) at baseline. Patients in experimental arm showed marked improvement from baseline in fatigue (p<0.05) and vitamin D serum levels after 3 months (p<0.001). There were significant difference in fatigue score in patients with experimental arm and control arm after 3 months of treatment (p< 0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation resulted in a significant increase in Fatigue score and serum 25(OH)D levels in vitamin D deficient patients. Fatigue improve rapidly but remain worse in control arm. The safety profile of vitamin D in combination with chemotherapy or BSC was acceptable. [Table: see text]
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Ho, Aloysius YL, Pramila Krishnamurthy, ZiYi Lim, Michelle Kenyon, Aleksander Mijovic, Stephen Devereux, Antonio Pagliuca, and Ghulam J. Mufti. "A Decade of Reduced-Intensity Conditioned Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Myelodysplastic Syndromes Following Conditioning with Fludarabine, Busulphan and Alemtuzumab." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 2266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2266.2266.
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Abstract Abstract 2266 Poster Board II-243 Reduced-intensity conditioning haematopoietic stem cell transplantation has dramatically improved the accessibility and safety of transplantation in groups of patients previously ineligible because of age or comorbidity. We report the long term results of allografting following reduced intensity conditioning with Fludarabine® 30 mg/m2 i.v. ( Day –9 to Day –5); busulphan 4mg/kg/day oral or 3.2mg/kg/day i.v. (Day –3 to Day –2) & alemtuzumab 20mg i.v. ( Day –8 to Day –4) in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Immunosuppression comprised cyclosporine 1.5 mg/kg iv 12 hourly from Day –1 titrated to plasma trough levels of 150-200 ng/l. Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) or bone marrow was infused on Day 0. Filgrastim 300 mcg iv/sc was administered from Day +7 to neutrophil engraftment (neutrophils ≥ 0.5×109/l). 213 patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (RCMD-RS=5, RCMD=44, RAEB-1=19, RAEB-2=36, CMML=18, TLD-AML=91)(IPSS Low=7, Int-1=46, Int-2=39, High=12) received transplants from matched sibling donors (57) or volunteer unrelated donors (VUD)(156 ). The median age for sibling recipients was 56 years (38-72) and for VUD recipients 55 years (19-71). All had relative or absolute contraindications to receiving standard myeloablative conditioning allografts. 52 of 57 sibling HSCTs utilised PBSCs compared with 106 of 156 VUD HSCTs, with a median CD34 cell dose of 5.11×106 (0.7-17.5) and 5.2×106 (0.44-19.90) respectively. On high resolution typing 46 VUD grafts were mismatched. There was no difference in engraftment latency between sibling and VUDs, with the median time to neutrophil engraftment (>0.5×109/l) of 14 days (9-57) and 13 days (8-31) and platelets(>20×109/l), 14 days (7-120) and 15 days (3-120) respectively. With a median follow-up of 2202 days (718-3709)(siblings) and 1693 days (29-3659)(VUD), the treatment related mortality (TRM) at Day100, 200 and 360 and 5 years was 4%, 9% 13% and 27% respectively for siblings; 8%, 17% and 25% and 28% for VUD (p=0.48). 12% of TRM deaths were due to CMV and 8% to PTLD. The Kaplan-Meier overall survival at 5 years was 46% for siblings and 41% for VUD(p=0.28), with a disease free survival (DFS) of 30% and 35% (p=0.94) respectively. The prognostic significance of some of the IPSS and diagnostic groups was preserved with a DFS of 46% in the “Low & Int-1” group at 5 years; 23% in “Int-2”; 0 % in “High”, 21% in CMML and 37% in TLD-AML. (p=ns, except Low-Int-1 vs. CMML(0.005), H (0.002) and Int-2(0.014)). The DFS was 80% in RCMD-RS, 49% in RCMD, 19% in RAEB-1 and 13% in RAEB-2.(p=ns except RCMD vs. CMML(0.015), RAEB-2(0.023)). Patients with TLD-AML had received more pre-transplant chemotherapy (median 3 courses (1-6)) compared with IPSS-High (median 1(1-3)). Patients who did not require cytotoxic chemotherapy had a 5 year DFS of 60%(p=0.003). There was no statistical difference in 5 year DFS between patients requiring induction chemotherapy in CR1(29%), CR2 (25%), PR (20%), or with progressive/relapsed disease (22%). The median DFS for these groups were 410, 362, 158 and 271 days. Lineage specific (CD3 & CD15) chimerism results were available on 133 patients. 40% achieved full donor T-cell chimerism (>95%) with 72% achieving full donor engraftment in unfractionated bone marrow by Day100, with a 24% cumulative incidence of Grade II to IV denovo aGvHD and 9% extensive cutaneous cGvHD. 83 patients (41(74%) sibling & 42(26%)VUD) received the first dose of incremental DLI at a median of 195 days (60-1323) post transplant. 53 received DLI for persistent mixed or declining donor chimerism, 11 for cytogenetic relapses and 19 morphological relapses. The desired effect was achieved in 67%, 45% and 42% respectively. A graft versus leukaemia effect was demonstrable. RIC allogeneic HSCT with fludarabine, busulphan and alemtuzumab appears to be potentially curative with a plateaux in DFS after 5 years. Further follow-up in patients with Low-Int-1 and Int-2 MDS and CMML is required to determine if there is a survival advantage for transplanted patients. Disclosures: Off Label Use: fludarabine, alemtuzumab- used off-label for transplant conditioning.
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Zra Ganava, Venceslas, Sanda Mazi, Michelson Azo'o Ela, Sidonie Fameni Tope, and Fernand-Nestor Tchuenguem Fohouo. "Impact de l’activité de butinage de Dactylurina staudingeri Gribodo (Hymenoptera: Apidae) sur la pollinisation et les rendements de Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh (Fabaceae) à Dang (Ngaoundéré, Cameroun)." Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology 14, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v14i1.1.
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Les investigations ont été faites sur les fleurs de Cajanus cajan en vue d’estimer l’impact de l’activité de Dactylurina staudingeri sur la pollinisation, la production en gousses et en graines à Dang, en 2016 et 2017. Pour chacune de ces années, 540 boutons floraux ont été étiquetés sur 120 plantes réparties en quatre traitements: 120 fleurs laissées en libre pollinisation, 120 fleurs protégées des insectes, 200 fleurs protégées, puis découvertes, visitées exclusivement par D. staudingeri et de nouveau protégées et 100 fleurs protégées, découvertes et à nouveau protégées, sans visite d’insectes ou de tout autre organisme. Le taux de fructification, le nombre moyen de graines par gousse et le pourcentage de graines normales ont été comparés entre ces traitements. Sur 33 espèces d’insectes recensées, D. staudingeri était majoritaire avec 12,19% de 6037 visites. Cette abeille prélevait fortement le nectar et récoltait faiblement le pollen au niveau des fleurs de C. cajan. La vitesse moyenne de butinage était de 7,14 fleurs/min. Via l’efficacité pollinisatrice d’une visite florale, D. staudingeri a augmenté le taux de fructification de 14,71%, le nombre moyen de graines par gousse de 35,29% et le pourcentage de graines normales de 17,31%. La conservation des colonies de D. staudingeri à proximité des exploitations de C. cajan est recommandée pour assurer la hausse des rendements de cette culture et favoriser une bonne pratique de la méliponiculture dans la région.Abstract Investigations were made on the flowers of Cajanus cajan in order to estimate the impact of the activity of Dactylurina staudingeri on pollination and yields at Dang, in 2016 and 2017. For each of these years, 540 flowers buds labeled on 120 plants were divided into four treatments: 120 open-pollinated flowers, 120 bagged flowers, 200 flowers protected, then unbagged, exclusively visited once by D. staudingeri and rebagged, and 100 flowers bagged, unbagged and rebagged without insect or any other organism visit. The fruiting rate, the mean number of seeds per pod and the percentage of normal seeds were compared between these treatments. Among 33 insect species recorded, D. staudingeri was prominent with 12.19% of 6037 visits. This bee harvested intensely nectar and collected slightly pollen from C. cajan flowers. The mean foraging speed was 7.14 flowers/min. Through the pollinating efficiency of a single flower visit, D. staudingeri increased the fruiting rate by 14.71%, the mean number of seeds per pod by 35.29% and the percentage of normal seeds by 17.31%. The conservation of D. staudingeri colonies close to C. cajan farms is recommended to improve yields of the crop and to promote the good meliponiculture in the region.
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Lyutova, Olga I. "OBJECT OF TAXATION UNDER DIGITALIZATION." RUDN Journal of Law 24, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 695–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2020-24-3-695-716.
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The article investigates the problem of content change of the concept object of taxation in the Russian tax law on the path to digital economy. The purpose of the article is to analyze the provisions of the Russian tax legislation, international norms, as well as academic literature devoted to identification of certain new goods and phenomena as possible objects of taxation, thus updating the concept of the object of taxation itself. The development of information technologies generates the following unavoidable problems related to the object of taxation concept content, which allows reviving the discussion about the content of this tax and legal category: the impossibility to assess implementation operations as potential tax objects with the help of the classical triad product, work, service; recognition in certain situations (for example, in case of electronic money payment) as the object of taxation is not one, but a set of legal facts (cause of action); the need to establish the object of taxation through the so-called tax relationship between the object and the subject of taxation. In connection with the first problem, the author proposes to unambiguously define in the Tax Code the legal nature of transactions with digital products for tax purposes, treating them as a new type of service. The conclusion is based on the experience of international regulation and suggests supplementing the provisions of the Tax Code in terms of legal regulation of the concept taxation object as well as VAT taxation. The re-search of the second problem leads to the conclusion that it is necessary to clarify the rules of the Tax Code when the counterparties carry out taxable transactions, whose settlements are made with electronic money. In this situation, the object of taxation is not single, but suggests several legal facts-actions of the potential tax-payer. On the third problem the author raises the issues of identification of the taxpayer in case of certifying the taxable transaction by the digital signature analogue. Taking into account international experience, as well as national civil law regulations, it is considered necessary to include provisions on digital certificates and digital signatures in tax legislation.
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Woudberg, Nicholas J., Sandrine Lecour, and Julia H. Goedecke. "HDL Subclass Distribution Shifts with Increasing Central Adiposity." Journal of Obesity 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2107178.
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Although cross-sectional studies have shown that obesity is associated with lower concentrations of large high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses, it is unknown if changes in HDL subclasses are related to changes in body fat and its distribution over time. We therefore assessed changes in HDL subclass distribution over a 5.5-year free-living follow-up period in 24 black South African women. At baseline and follow-up, body composition and body fat distribution were measured using anthropometry, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and computerized tomography. HDL subclass distribution was quantified using Lipoprint®. Over the 5.5-year follow-up period, body fat (+17.3 ± 4.5 kg,p<0.05) and trunk fat mass (+7.4 ± 1.9%, % fat mass, FM,p<0.05) increased, while leg fat mass (−2.53 ± 0.56%, % FM,p<0.001) and the distribution of large (−6.43 ± 2.12%,p<0.05) HDL subclasses decreased. A percentage decrease in large HDL subclasses was associated with a percentage increase in central fat mass (visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area,p<0.05) and a percentage decrease in peripheral fat mass (leg fat mass). These preliminary findings suggest that a relative redistribution of body fat from the periphery to the abdominal region were associated with a decrease HDL subclass size in black South African women and provide a novel link between body fat distribution and lipidology in this population.
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Yusra, Elisda, Efrida Efrida, and Elmatris Sy. "Hubungan Karakteristik Klinis dengan Pemulihan Respons Imun Penderita HIV-1 yang Mendapat Terapi Antiretroviral di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang." Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas 7, no. 3 (December 10, 2018): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jka.v7.i3.p436-442.2018.
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Beberapa faktor telah diteliti berhubungan dengan pemulihan respons imun penderita HIV, diantaranya faktor demografi, faktor klinis, dan faktor pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyelidiki hubungan karakteristik klinis dengan pemulihan respons imun penderita HIV-1 yang mendapat terapi antiretroviral di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil. Ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional dengan metode purposive sampling. Pemulihan respons imun dinilai dari jumlah sel T CD4 setelah ≥1 tahun terapi antiretroviral. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien HIV yang berobat di Poliklinik Voluntary Conseling and Testing (VCT) RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 2010-2016. Besar sampel adalah sebanyak 70 penderita HIV. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan 40 subjek penelitian berada pada stadium III 85,9% dan stadium IV 71,4% tidak mengalami pemulihan respons imun. Riwayat koinfeksi lain sebanyak 68,6% tidak mengalami pemulihan respons imundiantaranya 13 subjek penelitian yang memiliki riwayat koinfeksi lain, 11 (84,6%) tidak terjadi pemulihan respons imun. Sebanyak 57 subjek penelitian yang tidak memiliki riwayat koinfeksi lain, sebanyak (64,9%) juga tidak terjadi pemulihan respons imun. Hasil uji Chi-Square didapatkan stadium klinis saat terdiagnosis (p=0,002), faktor risiko penularan (p=0,036), dan koinfeksi lain (p=0,204). Simpulan penelitian ini bahwa faktor-faktor yang terbukti berhubungan dengan pemulihan respons imun penderita HIV adalah stadium klinis saat terdiagnosis dan faktor risiko penularan, sedangkan yang tidak berhubungan adalah riwayat koinfeksi lain.
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Yusra, Elisda, Efrida Efrida, and Elmatris Sy. "Hubungan Karakteristik Klinis dengan Pemulihan Respons Imun Penderita HIV-1 yang Mendapat Terapi Antiretroviral di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang." Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas 7, no. 3 (December 10, 2018): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jka.v7i3.899.
Full textAbstract:
Beberapa faktor telah diteliti berhubungan dengan pemulihan respons imun penderita HIV, diantaranya faktor demografi, faktor klinis, dan faktor pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyelidiki hubungan karakteristik klinis dengan pemulihan respons imun penderita HIV-1 yang mendapat terapi antiretroviral di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil. Ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional dengan metode purposive sampling. Pemulihan respons imun dinilai dari jumlah sel T CD4 setelah ≥1 tahun terapi antiretroviral. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien HIV yang berobat di Poliklinik Voluntary Conseling and Testing (VCT) RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 2010-2016. Besar sampel adalah sebanyak 70 penderita HIV. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan 40 subjek penelitian berada pada stadium III 85,9% dan stadium IV 71,4% tidak mengalami pemulihan respons imun. Riwayat koinfeksi lain sebanyak 68,6% tidak mengalami pemulihan respons imundiantaranya 13 subjek penelitian yang memiliki riwayat koinfeksi lain, 11 (84,6%) tidak terjadi pemulihan respons imun. Sebanyak 57 subjek penelitian yang tidak memiliki riwayat koinfeksi lain, sebanyak (64,9%) juga tidak terjadi pemulihan respons imun. Hasil uji Chi-Square didapatkan stadium klinis saat terdiagnosis (p=0,002), faktor risiko penularan (p=0,036), dan koinfeksi lain (p=0,204). Simpulan penelitian ini bahwa faktor-faktor yang terbukti berhubungan dengan pemulihan respons imun penderita HIV adalah stadium klinis saat terdiagnosis dan faktor risiko penularan, sedangkan yang tidak berhubungan adalah riwayat koinfeksi lain.
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Golden, Mark. "(C.) Vout Sex on Show. Seeing the Erotic in Greece and Rome. Pp. 256, colour ills. London: The British Museum Press, 2013. Cased, £25. ISBN: 978-0-7141-2278-6." Classical Review 64, no. 2 (May 8, 2014): 634–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009840x14000948.
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Rodrigues, Ivanilce Nunes, Antônio Jackson Sousa Lima, Marina Silva Carvalho, Arêtha Hellen de Sousa e Silva, Nataly de Jesus de França Lima, Larisy Sterphany Araujo Barbosa Farias, Amanda da Costa Andrade, et al. "Descemetocele associada à distiquíase bilateral em cão: Relato de caso." Pubvet 15, no. 8 (August 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v15n08a877.1-5.
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Este trabalho objetiva relatar um caso de descemetocele bilateral associado à distiquíase, o qual recebeu tratamento cirúrgico. Realizou-se ceratoplastia bilateral com retalho conjuntival pediculado e epilação manual. A paciente (cadela da raça Shih Tzu, cinco anos de idade) foi atendida na clínica Doctor Vet (Núcleo de Especialidades Veterinária), localizada no Setor Comercial Local Residencial Norte, Quadra 712, Bloco G, Loja 15 Asa Norte - Brasília DF. A tutora relatou que a paciente, ficou mais quieta que o normal, com muita secreção ocular, mantendo os olhos sempre fechados e apresentando muita dor na hora de limpar. No exame físico específico, a paciente mostrou-se responsiva a ameaça, ao avaliar o bulbo ocular observou-se, distiquíase bilateral (pálpebras), presença de secreção esverdeada na mucosa de ambos os olhos, conjuntiva hiperêmica tanto do olho direito como esquerdo, na córnea notou-se, com o auxílio da lâmpada de fenda, o olho direito com edema intenso e difuso com vasos e descemetocele, já no olho esquerdo, além das mesmas alterações corneanas do olho direito, evidenciou ceratite bolhosa dorsal. O teste de fluoresceína foi realizado para fins diagnóstico. Diante do exposto o animal foi diagnosticado com descemetocele bilateral e distiquíase. Para tratamento foi indicado a ceratoplastia e epilação manual respectivamente. A ceratoplastia utilizando enxerto conjuntival pediculado mostrou-se eficaz, reparando e evitando a progressão da descemetocele e consequentemente ruptura corneal em ambos os olhos, restando apenas uma cicatriz na córnea. No entanto, por se tratar de uma paciente que apresenta distúrbios dos cílios, é fundamental o acompanhamento clínico periódico.
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Adam, C., and K. Ohnaka. "Exploring the innermost dust formation region of the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tauri with VLT/SPHERE-ZIMPOL and VLTI/AMBER." Astronomy & Astrophysics 628 (August 2019): A132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834999.
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Context. Low- and intermediate-mass stars on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) are known to be prevalent dust providers to galaxies, replenishing the surrounding medium with molecules and dust grains. However, the mechanisms responsible for the formation and acceleration of dust in the cool extended atmospheres of AGB stars are still open to debate. Aims. We present visible polarimetric imaging observations of the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tau obtained with the high-resolution polarimetric imager VLT/SPHERE-ZIMPOL at post-maximum light (phase 0.27) as well as high-spectral resolution long-baseline interferometric observations with the AMBER instrument at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). We aim to spatially resolve the dust and molecule formation regions, and to investigate their physical and chemical properties within a few stellar radii of IK Tau. Methods. IK Tau was observed with VLT/SPHERE-ZIMPOL at three wavelengths in the pseudo-continuum (645, 748, and 820 nm), in the Hα line at 656.3 nm, and in the TiO band at 717 nm. The VLTI/AMBER observations were carried out in the wavelength region of the CO first overtone lines near 2.3 μm with a spectral resolution of 12 000. Results. The excellent polarimetric imaging capabilities of SPHERE-ZIMPOL have allowed us to spatially resolve clumpy dust clouds at 20–50 mas from the central star, which corresponds to 2–5 R⋆ when combined with a central star’s angular diameter of 20.7 ± 1.53 mas measured with VLTI/AMBER. The diffuse, asymmetric dust emission extends out to ~73 R⋆. We find that the TiO emission extends to 150 mas (15 R⋆). The AMBER data in the individual CO lines also suggest a molecular outer atmosphere extending to ~1.5 R⋆. The results of our 2D Monte Carlo radiative transfer modelling of dust clumps suggest that the polarized intensity and degree of linear polarization can be reasonably explained by small-sized (0.1 μm) grains of Al2O3, MgSiO3, or Mg2SiO4 in an optically thin shell (τ550 nm = 0.5 ± 0.1) with an inner and outer boundary radius of 3.5 R⋆ and ≳25 R⋆, respectively. The observed clumpy structures can be reproduced by a density enhancement of a factor of 3.0 ± 0.5. However, the model still predicts the total intensity profiles to be too narrow compared to the observed data, which may be due to the TiO emission and/or grains other than homogeneous, filled spheres. Conclusions. IK Tau’s mass-loss rate is 20–50 times higher than the previously studied AGB stars W Hya, R Dor, and o Cet. Nevertheless, our observations of IK Tau revealed that clumpy dust formation occurs close to the star as seen in those low mass-rate AGB stars.
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Rios Rodriguez, V., M. Protopopov, F. Proft, J. Rademacher, B. Muche, A. K. Weber, S. Lüders, et al. "THU0401 IMPACT OF BODY COMPOSITION MEASURES ON THE RESPONSE TO BIOLOGICAL DISEASE-MODIFYING ANTI-RHEUMATIC DRUGS IN PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 438.2–438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6197.
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Background:Data on the impact of body weight and body mass index (BMI) on the response to biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) including ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are still contradictory. Data on the impact of different components of the body composition on the treatment response are lacking.Objectives:To investigate the impact of body composition on the response to biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARD) in patients with AS after 6 months of treatment.Methods:Patients with AS (radiographic axSpA), fulfilling the modified New York criteria and starting a bDMARD therapy were recruited between 2015 and 2019 in an extension of the prospective German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort (GESPIC-AS). All patients were required to be candidates for bDMARD therapy at baseline with high disease activity (BASDAI >=4 and/or ASDAS >=2.1) despite previous treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Disease activity measures (BASDAI, CRP, ASDAS), as well as body composition parameters were assessed at baseline and after 6 months of bDMARD treatment. Body composition was assessed by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), fat free mass index (FFMI), skeletal muscle mass value (SMM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), total body water (TBW), and extracellular water (ECW) values were collected. The primary measure of the treatment response was ASDAS change at month 6 as compared to baseline.Results:A total of 129 patients with AS were included in this cohort. BIA was performed in 77 patients. There were 71.4% males, and 85.7% were HLA-B27 positive. At baseline, BASDAI was 5.4±1.4, CRP was 12.8±16.5 mg/l, and ASDAS - 3.0±1.0. The baseline BMI was 25.0±4.3 kg/m2. A total of 75 patients were treated with TNFi, 2 patients received an IL-17 inhibitor.A higher BMI at baseline was associated with a worse response to bDMARD therapy that was attributable to both, the fat mass as reflected by FMI and to the fat-free mass reflected by FFMI, but not to SMM or VAT or water components – Table. This effect was independent of age, sex, symptom duration, HLA-B27 status and ASDAS at baseline.Table.Univariable and multivariable linear regression analysis of the association between response to bDMARD treatment (change in the ASDAS score after 6 months) and body composition parameters in patients with AS (n=77)VariablesUnivariableMultivariable analysis*Analysisß (95%CI)Model 1ß (95%CI)Model 2ß (95%CI)Model 3ß (95%CI)Model 4ß (95%CI)Model 5ß (95%CI)Model 6ß (95%CI)Model 7ß (95%CI)BMI, kg/m2-0.016(-0.063; 0.031)-0.043(-0.079;-0.006)------FMI, kg/m2-0.024(-0.103; 0.054)--0.065(-0.128;-0.003)-----FMMI,kg/m2-0.010(-0.133; 0.112)---0.138(-0.253;-0.022)----SMM, kg0.026(-0.020; - 0.071)---0.012(-0.044; 0.069)---VAT, liters0.069(-0.099; 0.238)-----0.095(-0.248; 0.057)--TBW, liters0.020(-0.016; 0.056)-----0.007(-0.036; 0.051)-ECW, liters0.054(-0.43; 0.150)------0.005(-0.98; 0.107)*Adjusted for age, sex, HLA-B27 status, symptom duration, and ASDAS at baseline.BMI: Body Mass Index; FMI: Fat Mass Index; SMM: Skeletal Muscle mass; VAT: Visceral Adipose Tissue; AS: ankylosing spondylitis; bDMARD: biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug; CI: 95% confidence interval.Conclusion:Both fat mass and fat free mass have an impact on the response to bDMARDs after 6 months of treatment in patients with AS. Interestingly, skeletal muscle mass, visceral fat as well as water components showed no association with treatment response.Acknowledgments:GESPIC has been financially supported by ArthroMark and METARTHROS projects.Disclosure of Interests: :Valeria Rios Rodriguez Consultant of: Abbvie, Novartis, Mikhail Protopopov Consultant of: Novartis, Fabian Proft Grant/research support from: Novartis Pharma GmbH, Consultant of: Consultancy / speaker fees from: Abbvie, BMS, Celgene, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Speakers bureau: Consultancy / speaker fees from: Abbvie, BMS, Celgene, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Judith Rademacher: None declared, Burkhard Muche: None declared, Anne Katrin Weber: None declared, Susanne Lüders: None declared, Hildrun Haibel Consultant of: Abbvie, Jansen, MSD, and Novartis, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Jansen, MSD, and Novartis, Maryna Verba: None declared, Joachim Sieper Consultant of: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB Pharma, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB Pharma, Denis Poddubnyy Grant/research support from: AbbVie, MSD, Novartis, and Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB
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Farkas, Csaba Bence, Dávid Petrétei, Gergely Babinszky, Gábor Dudás, Gergő Szabó, Csaba Bognár, and Márta Jäckel. "Elhunytakkal kapcsolatos teendők COVID–19-gyanús, valószínűsített és megerősített esetekben." Orvosi Hetilap 161, no. 17 (April 2020): 713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2020.31818.
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Absztrakt: A 2019. év végén, elsőként a kínai Vuhan városában megjelenő, SARS-CoV-2 béta-koronavírus okozta járványt 2020. március 11-én világjárvánnyá minősítette az Egészségügyi Világszervezet. Magyarországon 2020. március 4-én jelentették az első megerősített COVID–19-esetet, s március 15-én vesztette életét az első, új típusú koronavírussal fertőzött beteg. Az elhunyt halálának pillanatában nem állt rendelkezésre központi, egységes irányelv, mely tisztázta volna a szükséges óvintézkedések körét, illetve egyértelmű leírást nyújtott volna a tetem biztonságos kezeléséhez. A halottak patológiai osztályra való szállítása, tárolása, esetleges boncolása, majd végső nyughelyre helyezése, ezek mikéntje számtalan kérdést vet fel. A fertőző betegségekre, illetve a halottakkal kapcsolatos teendőkre vonatkozó hatályos jogszabályok nem tartalmaznak elégséges információt egy COVID–19-fertőzött beteg halála utáni feladatok végrehajtását illetően. Az országos tisztifőorvos március 19-én felfüggesztette a boncolások elvégzését, a törvényszéki boncolások kivételével, azonban a szállítás, tárolás továbbra is problémát jelent. Bár 2020. március 21-én az Emberi Erőforrások Minisztériuma Egészségügyi Szakmai Kollégiumának Patológia Tagozata kiadott egy hivatalos eljárásrendet, az ebben foglalt ajánlások a szakirodalom szűkebb spektrumát reprezentálják, több helyütt kiegészítésre szorulnak. Sajnálatosan a nemzetközi szakirodalomban szintén – a fontosságához mérten – alulreprezentált a post mortem eljárásokra vonatkozó adat. További problémát jelent, hogy a járványok okozta krízishelyzetek áldozatainak kezelésére írt cikkekben a fellelhető algoritmusok a magyarországitól eltérő jogi környezet mellett eltérő szervezeti és erőforrásbeli lehetőségekkel számolnak, mely körülmények a hazai adaptálást jelentősen nehezítik. Cikkünkben a szakirodalmi összefoglaláson túl a COVID–19-gyanús, valószínűsített és megerősített páciensek kezelésében részt vevő egészségügyi dolgozók, valamint a potenciálisan érintett patológiai osztályok számára kivitelezhető, az ellátók biztonságát növelő javaslatokat, ajánlásokat fogalmazunk meg.* Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(17): 713–722.
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Salaün, A., M. Le Galudec, P. Saliou, and M. Walter. "Le syndrome métabolique : prévalence et analyse des pratiques, résultats d’une expérience menée au CHRU de Brest." European Psychiatry 29, S3 (November 2014): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.250.
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ContexteLa prévalence du syndrome métabolique est nettement plus élevée chez les patients schizophrènes que dans la population générale, pouvant atteindre 41 % [1]. Par ailleurs, il est responsable d’un risque cardiovasculaire accru [2] ainsi que d’une augmentation du risque de diabète de type 2. Ainsi, la mortalité totale est deux à trois fois plus élevée chez les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie [3].ObjectifObtenir une prévalence du syndrome métabolique dans une population de schizophrènes suivis en ambulatoires et évaluer la qualité de l’identification de ce syndrome ainsi que de sa prise en charge.MéthodeDes patients schizophrènes, sous antipsychotiques depuis au moins 3 mois, ont été inclus lors d’une première consultation par leur psychiatre traitant dans le cadre de leur suivi habituel. Des mesures comprenant un bilan biologique (HDLc, glycémie, triglycérides…), la passation d’un entretien diagnostique structuré (le MINI), des mesures cliniques (tension artérielle, tour de taille, etc) ont été réalisées. Les patients ont été revus lors d’une seconde consultation par leur psychiatre traitant avec les résultats du bilan biologique. Enfin, nous avons effectué une hétéro-évaluation des pratiques professionnelles.RésultatsVingt et un patients ont été inclus dans l’étude, 3 ont été perdus de vue. La prévalence du syndrome métabolique s’élève à 38,9 %. Par ailleurs, 22,2 % des sujets répondent à 2 critères de la définition du syndrome métabolique. Seulement 42,9 % des syndromes métaboliques étaient bien identifiés par les psychiatres. L’action la plus fréquemment mise en place était les règles hygiéno-diététiques (71,4 % chez les patients avec syndrome métabolique). Enfin, aucun patient ne bénéficiait d’un suivi tensionnel et très peu d’un suivi du bilan biologique (28,6 % chez les sujets avec syndrome métabolique et 54,5 % chez les sujets sans syndrome métabolique).
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Razin, М. P., S. V. Ignatyev, and А. S. Semakin. "Coagulation Disorders in Children with Destructive Forms of Appendicitis." Novosti Khirurgii 28, no. 6 (December 24, 2020): 664–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18484/2305-0047.2020.6.664.
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Цель. Оценить состояние коагуляционного звена гемостаза у детей с деструктивными формами аппендицита в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 30 детей с деструктивными формами острого аппендицита в возрасте 7-14 лет. Группу контроля составили 50 здоровых детей. Выраженность интоксикационно-воспалительного синдрома оценивали по данным гемограммы, лейкоцитарного индекса интоксикации и биохимического анализа крови, состояние коагуляционного звена гемостаза – на основании скрининговых, локальных тестов и интегрального теста «Тромбодинамика». Результаты. Отмечено значимое увеличение количества лейкоцитов, палочкоядерных и сегменто-ядерных нейтрофилов, СОЭ у пациентов детского возраста с деструктивными формами острого аппендицита в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Лейкоцитарный индекс интоксикации соответствовал средней и тяжелой степени тяжести пациентов – 5,73; 3,6-7,4 (Ме; Q1-Q3), С-реактивный белок в исследуемой группе превышал норму в 32 раза – 163,8; 132,8-224,9 мг/л (Ме; Q1-Q3). Выявлено статистически достоверное увеличение концентрации фибриногена (5,9±1,0 г/л), растворимых фибринмономерных комплексов (204,0±59,1 мкг/мл), фактора VIII (301,3±96,6%), фактора фон Виллебранда (226,0±62,5%) и его активности (161,5±36,2%), значимое повышение показателей интегрального теста «Тромбодинамика» – начальной скорости роста сгустка Vi (60,5±3,9 мкм/мин), стационарной скорости роста сгустка Vst (41,1±3,9 мкм/мин), размера сгустка CS (1444,2±192,9 мкм) и плотности сгустка D (31157,6±2599,3 у.е.). Кроме того, у всех пациентов исследуемой группы установлено угнетение фибринолитической активности плазмы. Заключение. Деструктивные формы аппендицита сопровождаются выраженным интоксикационно-воспалительным синдромом в сочетании с гиперкоагуляционными нарушениями системы гемостаза, что обуславливает состояние повышенной тромботической готовности, которое при наличии дополнительных факторов может реализоваться в тромбоз. Это является основанием для дополнительных исследований и более тщательного диагностического поиска тромбоэмболических осложнений у детей. Научная новизна статьи Впервые изучены маркеры гиперкоагуляционных состояний и повреждения сосудистого эндотелия (фактора VIII, фактора фон Виллебранда, теста «Тромбодинамика») у детей с деструктивными формами аппендицита в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Впервые доказано наличие протромботической готовности у пациентов данной категории.
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Fensch, Jérémy, Pierre-Alain Duc, Sungsoon Lim, Éric Emsellem, Michal Bílek, Patrick Durrell, Chengze Liu, Éric Peng, and Rory Smith. "Shedding light on the formation mechanism of shell galaxy NGC 474 with MUSE." Astronomy & Astrophysics 644 (December 2020): A164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038550.
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Stellar shells around galaxies could provide precious insights into their assembly history. However, their formation mechanism remains poorly empirically constrained, regarding in particular the type of galaxy collisions at their origin. We present MUSE at VLT data of the most prominent outer shell of NGC 474, to constrain its formation history. The stellar shell spectrum is clearly detected, with a signal-to-noise ratio of ∼65 pix−1. We used a full spectral fitting method to determine the line-of-sight velocity and the age and metallicity of the shell and associated point-like sources within the MUSE field of view. We detect six globular cluster (GC) candidates and eight planetary nebula (PN) candidates that are all kinematically associated with the stellar shell. We show that the shell has an intermediate metallicity, [M/H] = −0.83−0.12+0.12, and a possible α-enrichment, [α/Fe] ∼ 0.3. Assuming the material of the shell comes from a lower mass companion, and that the latter had no initial metallicity gradient, such a stellar metallicity would constrain the mass of the progenitor at around 7.4 × 108 M⊙, implying a merger mass ratio of about 1:100. However, our census of PNe and earlier photometry of the shell would suggest a much higher ratio, around 1:20. Given the uncertainties, this difference is only significant at the ≃1σ level. We discuss the characteristics of the progenitor, and in particular whether the progenitor could also be composed of stars from the low-metallicity outskirts of a more massive galaxy. Ultimately, the presented data do not allow us to put a firm constraint on the progenitor mass. We show that at least two GC candidates possibly associated with the shell are quite young, with ages below 1.5 Gyr. We also note the presence of a young (∼1 Gyr) stellar population in the center of NGC 474. The two may have resulted from the same event.
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Agusthia, Mira, and Winda Ramadhana. "The Influence of Peer Education on The Change of Knowledge and Attitudes in The Prevention of HIV/AIDS in Fruit Vessel in Batu Ampar Port Area." IJECA (International Journal of Education and Curriculum Application) 2, no. 2 (August 30, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/ijeca.v2i2.2079.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the human immune system, especially all cells that have CD4 + markers on their surface such as macrophages and T lymphocytes, HIV infection can cause Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) which is characterized by gradual damage to immunity. AIDS affects immunity and even the autoimmunity. Kepulauan Riau health office notes Batam city is the highest case with 758 case HIV and 712 case AIDS. The result of mobile VCT service In BatuAmpar Health Quarantine at 2017 Showed from 2639 test of the high risk group (crewman, port warker, drivers ) 9 crewman infection HIV. The Purpose of This Studywas to determine the effect of giving peer education to change knowledge and attidues of crewman about prevention of HIV/AIDS in BatuAmpar International Cargo Port. This study was conducted on January 15, 2019. This study used a quasi-experimental method with the design of one group pretest-posttest design. The sample for this study used a purposive sampling method with a total sample of 20 respondents. The intervention that was carried out was the crew man which as the peer educator provided education about HIV/AIDS 3 times a week for 2 weeks in other crew man. Data were analyzed by paired T-tests (t-tests) which were previously tested for the Shapiro Wilk Normality Test. The results showed that there was an effect of peer education on changes in knowledge and attitudes in crew man in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in BatuAmpar port which was significant with a p-value of 0,000 (p <0.05). This study leads to the conclusion that there is an effect of peer education on changes in knowledge and attitudes in crew man in the prevention of HIV/AIDS. It is expected that the implementation of the peer education HIV/AIDS intervention will be increased at BatuAmpar port so that the crew man will know information about HIV/AIDS
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Vergeles, O. P., V. I. Sheremeta, and P. P. Dzhus. "DYNAMICS OF LIPID EXCHANGE IN BLOOD DONOR COWS FOR THE USE OF A BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PREPARATION." Animal Breeding and Genetics 58 (November 29, 2019): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.58.11.
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Introduction. The stimulation of superovulation in embryonic donor cows is a complex process that depends on the hormonal regulation of metabolism and biological functions of cells, as well as the influence of genetic, physiological, biotechnological and environmental factors. Crucially, the generative function of the ovaries depends on the functioning in the body of the female hypothalamic-pituitary system. Activation of its functioning causes maturation in the body of females of cattle of more follicles and ovulation of mature eggs. However, stimulation of the poliovulatory response of the gonadotropin foal mare serum (GSHK) causes impaired ordering of the metabolic processes and hormonal status of the animal body, which, in turn, is one of the reasons for the large number of non-ovulated follicles, which adversely affects the output. The long-term biological half-life of HCGC causes its residual concentration, which causes the growth of a new wave of follicles and an increase in the concentration of estrogens in the blood of the donor [2]
Currently, it is important to conduct research on the search and development of new biologically active drugs that could reduce the number of unvoluted follicles and increase the yield of bio embryos suitable for transplant recipients [3].
To improve the results of superovulation in donor cows based on the use of metabolically correcting adaptogenic and complexing properties of environmentally safe succinic and glutamic acids, we have developed a biologically active drug of neurotropic-metabolic action "Stimulin-Vet" [4]. To substantiate the modifying effect of the components of the drug preparation of the neurotropic-metabolic action "Stimulin-Vet" and to evaluate the degree of its impact on the processes of tissue metabolism, we conducted a biochemical study of the lipid profile of donor blood.
Materials and methods of research. The researches were carried out at the NULES of Ukraine «Velikosnitsynsky NDG named after. OV Muzychenko» on animals-analogues of Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed. Eight cows with a live weight of 500–615 kg and with a milk yield of higher lactation of 4600–5300 kg, which were kept under the same conditions, were selected.
To induce superovulation to the donor cows of the control and experimental groups on the 10 th day of steppe hunting, HCG Folligon was administered at a dose of 3 thousand IU. Donor cows of the experimental group on the 10 th and 11 th days of the sexual cycle was injected subcutaneously with 20 ml of the drug "Stimulin-Vet". 48 and 72 hours after the injection of gonadotropin, donor cows were injected with an intramuscular analogue of prostaglandin F2α-Estrofan at a dose of 2 ml/goal. Donors were inseminated by the rectocervical method three times at intervals of 12 hours of frozen-thawed semen of one boogie. In each dose of semen there were at least 30 million sperm with rectilinear movement.
Before washing the embryos, a rectal donor study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of hormonal treatment, counting the number of yellow bodies and non-ovulated follicles. The embryos were washed on the 7 th day of the sexual cycle by a non-surgical method using phosphate-buffered saline Dulbecco (Sigma, Germany) with the addition of 1% fetal calf serum and antibiotics. The number and quality of embryos were evaluated by microscopic method, taking into account their stage of development.
Blood sampling for biochemical studies from donors was performed prior to treatment with hormones, after administration of gonadotropin and Stimulin-Vet preparation, and before embryo leaching.
The activity of enzymes in serum was investigated: aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT,), alanine aminotransferase (AlAT), alkaline phosphatase (LF) by enzymatic-kinetic method using the semi-automatic biochemical analyzer Stat Fax 1904 (Awareness Technology, USA). Indicators of lipid profile of donor blood serum were also determined by the following methods: total cholesterol – cholesterol oxidase method; triacylglycerol – enzymatic, lipase hydrolysis; high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) – precipitation of lipoproteins with phosphotangic acid and magnesium chloride. The low cholesterol lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein (VLDLC) cholesterol were determined using the calculations.
Research results. The results of the studies showed that the activity of aminotransaminases in the donor cows of both groups on the 8 th day of the sexual cycle differed little.
Injection of Stimulin-Vet on the 10 th and 11 th day of the sexual cycle to the donor cows of the experimental group resulted in a 4.7% and 22.6% increase in the activity of AsAT and AlAT on the 12 th day compared to 8 – the day of the cycle. The AsAT, and AlAT parameters in the animals of the experimental group were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) and 8.3% and 14.6%, respectively, compared to the animals in the control group.
At 8 days after the second administration of the drug (on day 7 of the sexual cycle), the activity of AsAT and AlAT in the experimental animals decreased by 2.4% and 6.7% compared with the 12 th day of the sexual cycle, but was higher than in the control respectively by 3.7% and 10.6%.
It should be emphasized that the increase in the activity of the enzymes AlAT and AsAT in some cases is interpreted as diagnostic factors for the physiological state of the organism and the development of some pathologies. In cows of the control group, the activity of the three enzymes during the study days of the sexual cycle during stimulation of superovulation by gonadotropin FFA varied within the error, ie it was stable.
At the beginning of the experiment, the difference in LF activity between the test and control donors was within 3.4%. Following the administration of Stimulin-Vet to donors, enzyme activity increased by 10% (p ≤ 0.05) on day 12 of the sexual cycle, and 7.5% compared with day 8 and LF in control animals. In the control group, no differences in LF activity were observed between day 12 and day 7 of the sexual cycle. A similar pattern is typical of the experimental group. But the donor activity of the enzyme at day 7 of the sexual cycle was probably 9.1% higher than at the beginning of the experiment.
To establish the physiological norm or pathological state of the animal body by changing the activity of aminotransferases, use the de ritis factor, which, according to some authors, in the state of physiological norm should be equal to 2 with fluctuations in the direction of growth of this indicator [5]. The results of the studies showed that the increase in the activity of both aminotransferases on the 12 th and 7 th day of the sexual cycle in the experimental donors caused a decrease in the de Ritis factor by 7.4% and 8.2% compared to the control. The data obtained should not be interpreted as a negative factor, since the difference in the mean values of the coefficients was within the margin of error. In addition, the ratio of these enzymes was not lower than 2.
The analysis of the results shows that the donor cows biologically active drug "Stimulin-Vet" causes an increase in the activity of aminotransaminases (AsAT and AlAT) and LF, thus causing a prolonged effect in changing their activity.
Analysis of lipidogram indices in the donor cows of the control and experimental groups showed that the injection of the experimental donor cows of the gonadotropic drug FFA “Folligon®” and the biologically active drug “Stimulin-Vet” resulted in reduction of total cholesterol on day 12 and 7.6% and 16%, and in control by 8.9% and 7.2% compared to baseline.
It is worth noting that the reduction of cholesterol in the studied groups of donor cows did not occur uniformly with respect to transport lipoprotein fractions of blood, which may be due to the use in the study group of the drug "Stimulin-Vet".
As a percentage of the control group on the 12 th day of the sexual cycle, the dynamics of reduction of total cholesterol is due mainly to the LDLC fraction (16.8%) and to a small extent HDLC (5.3%), in contrast to the experimental group, where the concentration of probable concentrations was mostly observed HDLC (25.8%) relative to baseline) and control (p ≤ 0.05).
At day 7 of the sexual cycle, the control group noted a slight increase in cholesterol concentration, which was accompanied by a change in the metabolism of lipoprotein fractions and led to an increase in LDLC (by 6.13%) and a decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (by 4%) in the eyesight. A somewhat different situation in the redistribution of lipoprotein fractions was observed in similar days of the cycle in experimental donors, which led to a further decrease in total cholesterol (by 5%) in the blood plasma due to low density lipoprotein cholesterol (by 14.3%). 1.3 times HDLC.
The results of studies show that the forced change of hormonal status in the organism of donors in the stimulation of multiple ovulation influenced the cholesterol metabolism and the spectrum of lipoproteins. It is known that the intensity of cholesterol biosynthesis and its transport is subject to multifaceted regulation, both on the part of intracellular metabolites and hormones, including sexual [6].
In turn, the use of the biologically active drug "Stimulin-Vet" in the induction of gonadotropin FFA of superovulation in donor cows, to some extent adjusted the biochemical processes of cholesterol metabolism and the distribution of lipoprotein fractions during polyphysicolysis, 9%) and an increase in the number of embryos transplantable (by 27.6%) and reduced the number of unvoluted follicles by 2.7 times [7].
Conclusions. In the blood of donor cows during the growth of follicles induced by the introduction of exogenous gonadotropin FFA shows a decrease in the concentration of cholesterol, HDLC, LDLC and an increase in VLDLC content. The neurotropic-metabolic drug Stimulin-Vet, administered to the donors together with the gonadotropin FFA, intensifies the growth of AsAT, AlAT and LF activity on the 12 th day of the sexual cycle and causes a prolonged effect of increasing their activity until the 7 th day of the sexual cycle. within the physiological norm.
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Shtuts, Andrii. "COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE PROCESS OF STAMPING BY ROLLING CYLINDRICAL AND PIPE PREPARATIONS USING THE DEFORM - 3D SOFTWARE COMPLEX." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 4(99) (December 18, 2020): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2020-4-12.
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The purpose of modeling is the analysis of the stress-strain (VAT) [7,14] condition and deformation of tubular, cylindrical workpieces in the deformation process, determining the energy parameters of the process, as well as the geometry of the deforming tool. transverse and longitudinal directions, as well as the cleanliness of the surface of the profiled cavity. This article analyzes the features of local deformation, which define stamping by rolling as an independent type of metal pressure treatment in the metalworking industry. This problem is most effectively solved by using cold plastic deformation processes, which allow to bring the shape of the workpiece as close as possible to the shape of the finished product, and in some cases eliminate the need for further processing. Using the method of cold deformation instead of cutting, you can increase 2… 3 times the utilization of the metal. This ensures high quality of the workpiece surface, improves the physical and mechanical characteristics of the material, increases productivity and creates conditions for full automation of production. Examples of the most complete realization of advantages of stamping by rolling that provides efficiency of industrial use are resulted. In the priority areas of science and technology, a special role is given to energy and resource conservation. In [3] the simulation results for rolling stamping without restriction with one-sided and two-sided restriction of metal flow along the length of lead blanks are presented. Analysis of the experimental study showed that the process of stamping rolling (SHO) workpieces with conical and cylindrical rolls, allows you to control the flow of workpiece material by changing the size and direction of the axes of the workpiece roll, relative to the direction of rotation of the workpiece. The conducted modeling of SHO processes showed that the stress-strain state, deformation and deformability of the workpiece material also significantly depend on these parameters. The technological capabilities of the SHO are limited mainly by the loss of stability and destruction of the workpieces, which, in turn, significantly depends on the direction of flow of metal at the contact of the roll with the workpiece. Thus, the ability to control the direction of flow of the metal largely determines the ability to manufacture workpieces of the desired shape and size without destruction and loss of stability [2].
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Julie Grafstein, Ann. "Linguistics Abstracts Online2004202Edited by Terry Langendoen. Linguistics Abstracts Online. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Last visited December 2003. Annual cost US and Canada: $1,090 (+GST in Canada). Rest of the world: £715 (+VAT in the UK/Europe). Includes unlimited access to all members of a subscribing institution URL: www.linguisticsabstracts.com/LAO/index.jsp." Reference Reviews 18, no. 4 (June 2004): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09504120410535362.
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Marstein, H., K. Godang, B. Flatø, I. Sjaastad, J. Bollerslev, and H. Sanner. "AB0902 BONE HEALTH IN PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE ONSET DERMATOMYOSITIS ASSESSED AFTER LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP; A CASE CONTROL STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1754.3–1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5357.
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Background:Patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) are at risk of developing low bone mineral density (BMD) and not reach peak bone mass, mainly due to prednisolone (pred) treatment [1], making them prone to osteoporotic fractures later in lifeObjectives:To compare BMD in longterm JDM patients (Pts) with that of controls (Ctr); and in Pts explore how disease variables affect BMD.Methods:Pts (n=59) were clinically examined median 16.8y (range 6.6 - 27.0 y) after disease onset and compared 1:1 with age/sex matched Ctr. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure BMD and Z-scores in whole body (WB), lumbar spine at L2-L4 (spine). In those ≥ 20y; also proximal (PR) and distal 1/3 radius (DR), and total hip were examined. Pred at follow up was reported, and cumulative dose calculated. Bone remodeling factors: C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and 25(OH)Vitamin D (VitD), were measured in serum.Results:BMD WB was lower in Pts than Ctr, and both WB and spine BMD and Z scores were lower in Pts than Ctr <20 years (Tbl 1). DR BMD and Z-score were both lower in Pts ≥20y. Serum analysis showed lower VitD was lower in Pts than Ctr. In Pts ≥ 20y Vit D was lower and eSR was higher compared to Ctr.In Pts ≥ 20y: moderate negative associations were found between both BMD WB and spine, and pred use at follow up (R`s = -0.43), and between BMD PR and VitD (R= -0.34). There was a positive moderate association between Z-score PR and CTX (-0.45) not found in Ctr, and between Z-score total hip and cumulative pred dose (R = 0.38). All p <0.05.In Pts <20y moderate negative associations were found between Z-score for spine and months of pred use and cumulative pred doses (R`s = -0.40 and -0.48, p<0.05). Other associations found in Pts <20y were also found in respective Ctr.Conclusion:We found that Pts bone health was affected differently in young and adult JDM-Pts. Association analysis between BMD, Z-scores and medication and/or bone remodeling factors were not conclusive. We will perform linear regression analysis to determine if and how BMDs and Z-scores are dependent on pred use, time and doses, and factors important for bone remodeling.Table 1.Characteristics, disease variables, BMD and Z-scores in JDM Pts and CtrPts(n=59)Pts < 20y(n=28)Pts ≥ 20y(n=31)Ctr(n=59)Ctr < 20y(n=28)Ctr ≥ 20y(n=31)Age, y21.5 (6.7-55.4)15.3 (6.7-19.8)34.3 (20.4-55.4)21.6 (6.2-55.4)14.4 (6.2-20.1)34.2 (20.5-55.4)Female36 (61)20 (71.4)16 (51.6)36 (61)20(71.4)16 (51.6)BMI, kg/m222.3 (4.8)20.3 (4.6)24.0 (4.4)22.7 (4.5)21.4 (5.2)23.9 (3.5)Height, cm164.9 (14.7)157.1 (15.9)171.8 (9.1)167.3 (15.8)*159.8 (18.3)174.0 (9.2)Fracture any19 (32.2)NANA21 (36.8)NANABMD, g/cm2 Whole body1.10 (0.15)1.01 (0.13)1.18 (0.10)1.13 (0.14)*1.06 (0.16) †1.19 (0.08) Spine, L2-L41.12 (0.23)0.99 (0.21)1.24 (0.18)1.17 (0.22)1.07 (0.27)†1.26 (0.11) Distal radiusNA0.87 (0.09)NA0.93 (0.11) ††Z-score Whole body-0.07 (1.08)-0.39 (0.99)0.21 (1.10)0.27 (0.90)0.28 (1.01) † †0.26 (0.71) Spine, L2-L4-0.16 (1.2.)-0.39 (1.01)0.06 (1.34)0.4 (1.02)0.25 (1.21) †0.24 (0.84) Distal radiusNA-0.76 (1.03)NA-0.05 (0.87)**y: years, BMI: Body mass index, NA: not applicable. Values are: median age (range), median (IQR), n (%) or mean (SD). p-values *p<0.05, **p<0.01 when comparing Pts and Ctr and † p<0.05, †† p<0.01 when comparing Pts and Ctr < and ≥ 20 years.References:[1]Stewart, W.A., et al., Bone mineral density in juvenile dermatomyositis: assessment using dual x-ray absorptiometry. Arthritis Rheum, 2003. 48(8): p. 2294-8.Words: 3555Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Zullo, G., A. Salzano, G. Bifulco, V. Longobardi, G. Albero, G. Neglia, and B. Gasparrini. "135 EFFECT OF L-ERGOTHIONEINE SUPPLEMENTATION DURING CULTURE ON IN VITRO EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN BUFFALO (BUBALUS BUBALIS)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, no. 1 (2015): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab135.
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It is known that in vitro mammalian embryo development is negatively affected by the increased oxidative stress occurring under culture conditions. The oxidative damage of cell components via reactive oxygen species interferes with proper cell function. Buffalo embryos are particularly sensitive to oxidative stress because of their high lipid content (Boni et al. 1992 Acta Med. Vet. 38, 153–161). l-Ergothioneine (LE) is a powerful scavenger of hydroxyl radicals (OH) and an inhibitor of iron or copper ion-dependent generation of OH from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether enriching the in vitro-culture medium with LE improves in vitro embryo production efficiency in buffalo. Abattoir-derived buffalo oocytes (n = 854, over 6 replicates) were in vitro matured and fertilized according to standard procedures (Gasparrini et al. 2006 Theriogenology 65, 275–287). Twenty hours after IVF presumptive zygotes were cultured in SOFaa supplemented by 8 mg mL–1 BSA in a controlled gas atmosphere consisting of 5% CO2, 7% O2, 88% N2, in humidified air, at 38.5°C with 0 (control; n = 214), 0.05 mM LE (n = 217), 0.1 mM LE (n = 204), and 1 mM LE (n = 219). Cleavage rate was assessed at the time of change of culture (Day 5) and the cleaved elements were cultured for a further 2 days. The embryos obtained by the end of culture, i.e. on Day 7 post-IVF, were scored for quality, based on morphological criteria, and for developmental stage, as previously described (Robertson, Nelson 2010 Manual of the International Embryo Transfer Society 86–105). The percentages of total transferable embryos and Grade 1 and 2 blastocysts in relation to cleaved oocytes were recorded. Because the chronology of development is known to be one of the most reliable parameters for assessing quality, the percentage of fast-developing embryos, i.e. hatched and expanded blastocysts, was also recorded. Data were analysed by Chi-squared test. Cleavage rate was not affected by the treatment (71.4, 66.8, 68.7, and 63.0%, respectively, with 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 1 mM LE). The total embryo output increased in groups supplemented with 0.05 and 0.1 mM LE (31.3, 42.2, 43.8, and 21.7%, respectively, with 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 1 mM LE; P < 0.05). However, the enrichment of in vitro culture with 0.1 mM LE also increased the percentage of Grade 1 and 2 blastocysts compared with the control and to 1 mM LE (21.6, 30.9, 33.9, and 21.7%, respectively, with 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 1 mM LE; P < 0.05). Likewise, 0.1 mM LE gave higher percentages of fast developing embryos than the control and 1 mM LE groups. In conclusion, these results demonstrated a beneficial effect of LE during culture on buffalo in vitro embryo development. The dose response trial indicated that the optimal concentration is 0.1 mM that also influenced the chronology of development and hence embryo viability.
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Cassata, P., L. Morselli, A. Faisst, M. Ginolfi, M. Béthermin, P. Capak, O. Le Fèvre, et al. "The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey." Astronomy & Astrophysics 643 (October 27, 2020): A6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037517.
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Context. The Lyman-α line in the ultraviolet (UV) and the [CII] line in the far-infrared (FIR) are widely used tools to identify galaxies in the early Universe and to obtain insights into interstellar medium (ISM) properties in high-redshift galaxies. By combining data obtained with ALMA in band 7 at ∼320 GHz as part of the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate [CII] at Early Times (ALPINE) with spectroscopic data from DEIMOS at the Keck Observatory, VIMOS and FORS2 at the Very Large Telescope, we assembled a unique sample of 53 main-sequence star-forming galaxies at 4.4 < z < 6 in which we detect both the Lyman-α line in the UV and the [CII] line in the FIR. Aims. The goal of this paper is to constrain the properties of the Lyα emission in these galaxies in relation to other properties of the ISM. Methods. We used [CII], observed with ALMA, as a tracer of the systemic velocity of the galaxies, and we exploited the available optical spectroscopy to obtain the Lyα-[CII] and ISM-[CII] velocity offsets. Results. We find that 90% of the selected objects have Lyα-[CII] velocity offsets in the range 0 < ΔvLyα − [CII] < 400 km s−1, in line with the few measurements available so far in the early Universe, and significantly smaller than those observed at lower redshifts. At the same time, we observe ISM-[CII] offsets in the range −500 < ΔvISM−[CII] < 0 km s−1, in line with values at all redshifts, which we interpret as evidence for outflows in these galaxies. We find significant anticorrelations between ΔvLyα−[CII] and the Lyα rest-frame equivalent width EW0(Lyα) (or equivalently, the Lyα escape fraction fesc(Lyα)): galaxies that show smaller ΔvLyα−[CII] have larger EW0(Lyα) and fesc(Lyα). Conclusions. We interpret these results in the framework of available models for the radiative transfer of Lyα photons. According to the models, the escape of Lyα photons would be favored in galaxies with high outflow velocities, producing large EW0(Lyα) and small ΔvLyα-[CII], in agreement with our observations. The uniform shell model would also predict that the Lyα escape in galaxies with slow outflows (0 < vout < 300 km s−1) is mainly determined by the neutral hydrogen column density (NHI) along the line of sight, while the alternative model by Steidel et al. (2010, ApJ, 717, 289) would more highly favor a combination of NHI at the systemic velocity and covering fraction as driver of the Lyα escape. We suggest that the increase in Lyα escape that is observed in the literature between z ∼ 2 and z ∼ 6 is not due to a higher incidence of fast outflows at high redshift, but rather to a decrease in average NHI along the line of sight, or alternatively, a decrease in HI covering fraction.
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Krzyzanski, Wojciech, Asfiha G. Gebreegziabher, and Piotr Kawczak. "Exposure to Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Increases Survival of Red Blood Cells in Wistar Rats." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 5087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.5087.5087.
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Abstract Abstract 5087 Purpose The primary goal of this study was to determine if exposure to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) increases survival of RBCs in rats. A secondary objective was to test if rHuEPO prolongs survival of RBC by interaction with erythroid progenitor cells or by affecting cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Methods Normal male Wistar rats (337 ± 8 g) were divided into four groups (n=2). Animals in groups 0 and 1 were not treated whereas animals groups 2 and 3 received multiple doses of rHuEPO (Epogen, Amgen, CA) 450 IU/kg three times a week for two weeks via intravenous injections in the tail vein. Subsequently, blood samples (∼ 1-2 mL) were collected from all animals and labeled with water-soluble biotin as a tag for RBC. The biotinylated RBCs were injected back to animals according to the following pattern. Group 1 received blood from Group 2 and Group 2 from Group 1. Animals from Groups 0 and 3 were injected back with their own blood. Two days were allowed for a system equilibration. Next, blood samples (∼ 100 mL) were drawn weekly from each animal until the signal reached the limit of quantification. The biotinylated cells were detected by streptavidin conjugated to phycoerythin and analyzed by flow cytometry (FACSCalibur, Becton-Dickinson). The RBC absolute count was determined by a hematology analyzer (BC-2800 Vet, Mindray, China). The survival data were represented as the fraction of surviving cells. For quantification of RBC survival, the times necessary to reduce the size of the labeled sample by 25, 50, and 75% (T25, T50, and T75) were used. Results The mean survival curves for each group were compared to the control rats (Group 0). The survival curve for animals in Group 3 was distinctly higher that the survival curve for the control which was reflected by the T50 values of 31.5±1.6 and 13.6±0.1 days, respectively. This implies that the survival of RBCs is prolonged by the treatment with rHuEPO. If the effect of erythropoietin on RBC survival is mediated by its interaction with the erythroid progenitor cells, then an increase in the RBC survival in Group 1 is expected. This was somewhat confirmed by the survival curve for Group 1 that was above the control survival curve, however not to the extent of Group 3. Contrary, the survival curve for Group 2 overlapped with the control, supporting the hypothesis that the effect of rHuEPO on RBC survival is not mediated by its interaction with the reticuloendothelial system. The T50 values for Group 1 and 2 were 24.3±7.4 and 15.6±3.0 days, respectively. Conclusions The survival patterns of RBCs following two week long exposure to rHuEPO imply that their lifespan is prolonged when compared to control rats. Lack of an increase of RBC survival for Group 1 and a moderate increase of RBC survival for Group 2 support the endowment hypothesis that rHuEPO prolongs survival of RBCs possible by enhancing viability of the erythroid precursors. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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De Montalembert, Mariane, Frédéric Galacteros, Jean Antoine Ribeil, Uwe Kordes, Jean Benoit Arlet, M. Dimopoulou, V. Komninaka, et al. "Implementation of a European Cohort to Follow Sickle Cell Children and Adults Treated with Hydroxycarbamide." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.564.564.
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Abstract Hydroxycarbamide (HU) is a myelosuppressive drug marketed since 1968 for the treatment of hematological cancer, and authorized since 2007 in Europe as orphan medicinal product for the prevention of recurrent vaso-occlusive crises including acute chest syndrome in adults and children older than 2 years with sickle cell disease (SCD). ESCORT-HU (European Sickle Cell Disease Cohort – Hydroxyurea) is a multicenter prospective non interventional study implemented in Europe to collect more information about the safety profile of HU and morbi-mortality in SCD patients treated with HU. The study responds to EMA (European Medicines Agency) request and has been approved by the Ethical of Necker Enfants Malades Hospital (Paris, France).The ongoing study involves the largest number so far of patients with SCD treated with HU. Primary endpoints of ESCORT HU are to determine frequency of adverse events, and possible consequent changes of HU treatment. Secondary endpoints are to evaluate morbi-mortality of the disease although in the absence of control group. From June 2008 to June 2014, 483 patients (255 females; 228 males) were enrolled from 3 European countries, Greece (24%), Germany (19%), and France (56%). 67% patients were adults, median aged 37.35 yrs (17-83.5) and 33% were children, median aged 11.06 yrs (2.6-16.9). genotypes were HbS/HbS in 71.4% cases, and compound heterozygotous HbS/β-thalassemia in 22.8 % (Table 1). 137 (28.4%) patients experienced 421 events (Table 2). 132 (32.2%) of these events may be attributed to HU. The safety profile is roughly similar in children and adults. As expected the most frequent side effects were firstly blood disorders (n=86 events, 42.4%) such as neutropenia or thrombocytopenia. In all cases, these cytopenias were rapidly resolved with the transitory stop of HU. 71 events related to skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders were observed, mostly cutaneous dryness, skin reactions, alopecia and nails or skin pigmentation; 4 patients had a leg ulcer (34.8%). Most of these events are ongoing or stabilized despit the decrease of HU. No secondary cancer has been reported until now. Even if HU is an old drug with a relatively well-known safety profile, some uncertainties remain in terms of long-term safety as well as tolerance in the youngest people. The main interest of ESCORT HU is to offer the possibility of safety surveillance of hydroxycarbamide in European sickle cell patients. Table 1 Demographic data Adults Children < 17 years old Total Number of patients 322 (67%) 161 (33%) 483 Females/Males 183/139 72/89 255/228 Median age (yrs) (range) 37.35 (17-83.5) 11.06 (2.6-16.9) 28.58 Genotype SS 206 (64%) 139 (86.3%) 345 (71.4%) SC 1 (0.3%) 3 (1.86%) 4 (0.8%) Sβ0 51 (15.8%) 11 (6.8%) 62 (12.8%) Sβ+ 46 (14.2%) 2 (1.2%) 48 (9.9%) Other 18 (5.5%) 6 (3.7%) 24 (4.9%) Treatment with HU before enrollment in ESCORT HU No of pts 232 83 315 (65%) Median duration (range) of HU treatment before ESCORT HU 8.2 yrs (0.5 ans-24 yrs) 3. 1 yrs ( 71 days – 8.9 yrs) 6.85 (71 days-24 years)] HU ESCORT Daily mean dose (mg/kg/d) 16.11 ± 4.79 19.63 ± 4.69 17.32 ± 4.94 Abstract 564. Table 2 The most frequent events of hydroxycarbamide in the two populations of SCD patients ADULTS CHILDREN No ofGerman(%) No of adults No ofEpisodes(%) No of children Total(% /411) Events Related to HU treatment (Siklos®)(%**) Blood and lymphatic system disorders (%) 32 (17.7) 22 54 (31.03) 28 86 (20.9) 56 (65.1) Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (%) 42 (23.2) 28 29 (16.7) 19 71 (17.3) 46 (64.8) Nervous system disorders Headache (24), Dizziness/vertigo (14), 32 (17.7) 23 12(6.9) 10 44 (10.7) 11 (25) Gastrointestinal disorders Nausea (14), diarrhea (8), other (14) 20 (11) 17 23 (13.2) 16 43 (10.4) 7 (16.3) Metabolic and nutrition disorders: vit D deficiency (17), weight gain (5) 13 (7) 11 18 (18.3) 18 36 (8.75) 4 (11.1) Fever 11 (6) 10 12(6.9) 7 23 (5.6) 1 (4.3) Cardiac disorders (hypertension, bradycardia, chest pain, cardiomegaly) 4 4 2 2 6 1 (16.6) General disorders : fatigue 5 5 0 0 5 0 Hepatobiliary disorders 2 2 0 0 2 0 Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl. cysts and polyps) Harmatoma, benign vulvar sebaceous cyst 2 2 0 0 2 0 Renal & urinary disorders 2 2 0 0 2 0 Reproductive system and breast disorders 3 3 0 0 3 0 Other 13 13 21 14 34 6 (17.1%) 181 80 /181(24.8%) 174 57 / 174(35.4%) 411 132/411 (32.2%) ** compared to the total number of “system organ class” events Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Hovhannisyan, Narinée, Sylvain P. Chantepie, Meziane Ibazizene, Alain Manrique, Oumedaly Reman, Louisa Barre, and Michel Leporrier. "[18 F]-Fludarabine Positron Emission Tomography in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients: Results of a Phase I Study." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 5267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5267.5267.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction. [18 F]-Fludarabine is a promising novel positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer for lymphoid malignancies. The rationale supporting its development is the high selectivity of fludarabine uptake within lymphoid cells irrespective of their cycle activity, and the fluorine atom within the drug, which replaced by a [18 F] confers the positron-emitter property. Pre-clinical studies with [18 F]-fludarabine (Dhilly M et al, Mol Imaging Biol 2014,16:118-26; Hovhannisyan N et al, EJNMMI Res 2015,5:23) showed a marked tumor uptake in lymphoma-bearing mice. The aim of this study was to describe anatomical sites with abnormal [18 F]-fludarabine uptake in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), in whom [18 F]-FDG PET imaging appears to be less informative than in other lymphoid malignancies. This study was designed as a clinical proof of concept. Methods. [18 F]-Fludarabine was produced according to a method already described (Guillouet S et al, Mol Imaging Biol 2014,16:28-35). [18 F]-Fludarabine PET/CT (Discovery RX VCT 64, GE Healthcare) was performed in 5 patients (51-70 years old) with a diagnosis of B-CLL (according to current recommendations), without suspicion of Richter's syndrome. Successive partial body scans (skull vertex to mid-thigh) were acquired for 250 min after intravenous injection of [18 F]-fludarabine with an activity of 4MBq/kg. PET images were analyzed by drawing volumes of interest (VOI) over the uptake sites on a late scan and projected onto all co-registered scans of the same subject. The intensity of tracer uptake was evaluated with the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). The images of [18 F]-fludarabine PET/CT were visually compared with conventional modalities (high-resolution CT) and [18 F]-FDG PET in one patient. Results. No adverse event was recorded during and after the procedure. In the 5 patients studied, the uptake of [18 F]-fludarabine coincides with sites expected to be involved following conventional clinical and CT scan staging (i.e. lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils). Additionally, [18 F]-fludarabine PET/CT displayed a significant uptake in hematopoietic bone marrow, and unexpected uptake in the medulla of some bones (femur, humerus, sphenoid, calvarium), and in Peyer's patches. SUVmax were significantly greater in involved sites in comparison with normal tissues or organs (Figure 1). Within the involved sites, [18 F]-fludarabine demonstrated a wide range of uptake which would indicate heterogeneity and differing micro-environments. For instance, the most active sites of the case illustrated in Figure 1 (scan period 30-50 min) are lymph nodes (SUVmax 7.4), spleen (SUVmax 6.3) and bone marrow (SUVmax 3.8) with aortic uptake (SUVmax 1.5) as background level. Conclusion. These preliminary results showed a clear specificity of this novel radiotracer for lymphoid tissues. [18 F]-Fludarabine PET/CT appears to be a promising tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of B-CLL. These scans indicate variable activity within proliferation sites, information otherwise not accessible by current non-invasive procedures. Further studies for a more accurate comparison with [18 F]-FDG PET, evaluation of response during and after treatment and correlation with B-CLL prognostic criteria are underway. Figure 2. Figure 2. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.