Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vulnérabilité (psychologie) – Dans la littérature'
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Sénat, Marion. "L'essai méditatif au prisme de la vulnérabilité : suivi de Exercices du vertige." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030046.
Full textThis research suggests that the literary essay, because it thinks through the form, allows us to understand a part of the vulnerability which resists the philosophical approaches of the concept. Vulnerability demands to take into account ways of relating to the world that depart the universalizing and dualistic model which structures the paradigm of knowledge. It also requires a rethinking of the notional couplings on which the occidental “partage du sensible” is based and escapes the political space as configured by twentieth-century philosophy. The four contemporary literary essays that make up the corpus are all concerned with thinking reality from its places of opacity and engaging their vulnerability in thought. In Suzanne Jacob's La Bulle d’encre (1997), Leslie Kaplan's Les Outils (2003), René Lapierre's Renversements (2011), and Frédéric Boyer's Là où le cœur attend (2017), the reflection confronts its own limit in language and stands in places where the fabric of the world unravels. They welcome in language the nonsense and loss of symbolic markers that characterize, in part, vulnerability. Working from a negative logic, these texts turn the ambivalence with which philosophy characterizes vulnerability into an open unity, whose coherence does not imply the absence of contradiction. By doing so, they bring to light the singular intelligence of essay. This theoretical research is followed by a creative part entitled "Exercising desiquilibrium" which pursues the connection posed by the essay between writing and life and employs its research method, which involves both an archaeology of forms and the exercise of confidence in language
Olié, Emilie. "Douleur psychologique et exclusion sociale dans les conduites suicidaires." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON1T023/document.
Full textCurrent knowledge suggests that suicidal behavior: 1) are pathological entities per se, with a specific neurobiology, 2) may be studied according to a stress-diathesis model, 3) may be better characterized by identifying biomarkers. Emphasizing that pain is the core of the suicidal process, we propose an outline of a model of suicide based on clinical neuropsychological and neuroimaging data. Psychosocial stressors cause psychological pain. Through dysfunctional vasopressinergic system and cerebral regions involved in social cognitions, psychosocial stress would be maintained or give rise to new stresses, perpetuating or increasing psychache. We suggest a modification of pain thresholds in vulnerable subjects for suicide leading to an increased perception of psychache, which is associated with suicidal ideation. Then, interpersonal difficulties are associated with impaired decision-making underpinned by prefrontal dysfunction that has been associated with suicidal vulnerability. This would cause the subject to promote a choice (suicide) associated with immediate reward (pain relief), although it is associated with deleterious consequences (death). Thus, psychological pain is central to suicidal behavior as an immediate consequence of psychosocial stressors, and influencing the suicidal vulnerability favoring pain perception and increasing susceptibility to social events, based on neuroanatomical and biochemical bases. Finally the hypothesis that a change of pain perception is involved in the suicidal process would open new avenues for understanding suicidal pathophysiology. It allows considering the psychological pain as a potential therapeutic target to prevent suicide
Weinberger, Gerhard. "La sensibilité dans la pensée d'Emmanuel Lévinas et de Maurice Merleau-Ponty." Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100135.
Full textThe respective approaches of Levinas and Merleau-Ponty are analyzed starting with the way they read Husserl : both credit him with the "rehabilitation of the sensuous", but read him differently. Then, Merleau-Ponty's and Levinas' own thinking on centra notions like "sensation" and "original impression" are described, showing that differences already perceptible in their respective interpretations of Husserl become more evident : Merleau-Ponty perceives sensation and original impression mainly as transmitters of sensuous qualities paving the way to knowledge ; Levinas, on the other hand, thinks them as first contact of the subject with an alterity containing the possibility to meet this alterity through ways other than the mind. The same differences are finally found concerning the role of the body and the problem of incarnation : in Merleau-Ponty's thinking, a sensibility which, as "flesh", occupies a more and more dominating place between the subject and its world, leading to a kind of "dilution" of the subject into the flesh. Levinas elaborates a passive sensibility, exposing, as vulnerability, the subject to the other and receiving him without appealing to theintentional consciousness, thus preparing the way towards an ethic of responsibility to the other. In conclusion, Levinas' critical comments on Merleau-Ponty does not discern clearly enough knowledge and feeling, thus foregoing the possibility to think a subject effectively responsible towards the world and the other
Ferreri, Florian. "Marqueurs diagnostiques et pronostiques dans la schizophrénie : intérêt des signes neurologiques mineurs et des marqueurs lipidiques membranaires." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066328.
Full textSŏ, Sŭng-sŏk. "L'identification dans l'oeuvre de Paul Éluard." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040063.
Full textIdentification, in the work of paul eluard, is an experience fundamental in one existence. It coincides with the act of poetry; to create is to identify with what one names. The poet never ceases to search for his identity by projecting himself in the world that surrounds him. It is in the course of this quest that he develops in harmonious relation with others and with the world. According to eluard, identification consists not only in "leaving oneself" but also in penetrating the essence of things, of the world, and in participating in the totality of the universe in order to better communicate with the universal soul. The eyes of the beloved woman, in which the lover multiplies his reflection, are the privileged site of identification. The exchange of looks between the lovers results in a single look. The act of seeing becames the act of identification itself. Eluard's identification is a means of going beyand the human condition. Through the multiplication of his likenesses, which consitutes a constant affirmation of his presence, the poet overcomes his fear of solitude and death. Through the perfect fusion with his beloved, he becomes, like androgynus, the total man, and through his ceaseless birth he becames immortal like phoenix. In his universe everything unites in a total, eternal harmony. Thanks to his power to found he is a master of time, and he invents a free space for his own use. Through the poetic experience of identification eluard achieves the total overcaming of himself, the supreme state of liberation, and thus he opens to humanism a new horizon of perfection
Cadichon, Jeff Matherson. "Vulnérabilité psychologique, résilience scolaire et processus identitaires chez les adolescents et les jeunes adultes dans l’Haïti post-séisme." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH034.
Full textIntroductionThis research focuses on the risks of psychological vulnerability and school resilience in the construction of identity of adolescents (14-17 years) and young adults (18-24 years) more than six years after the earthquake of January 12, 2010 in Haiti. It aims to explore long-term consequences of this traumatic event among survivors, to analyze their strategies to overcome them, and to understand the evolution of the identity processes.Methods723 adolescents and young adults (including 364 girls and young women) aged 14-24 were assessed using questionnaires on PTSD symptoms, resilience and identity processes. In addition, a qualitative phase (N = 8) allowed to analyze the narrative processes and to identify the psychological dynamics (conflicts / defenses) based on the projective tests (Rorschach and TAT).ResultsIn our sample, 35.82% reported clinically significant symptoms of PTSD with a higher prevalence for girls and young women. There was also an average resilience score, moderately high of 136.72 (SD = 23.65). A cluster analysis showed that 40.22% of the subjects presented an achievement identity status. The qualitative results highlight four transversal analysis categories to the clinical cases: psychic disturbances; God, as a way of giving sense to the event; Identity restructuration; multifactorial resilience with a predominance of school.DiscussionClinically, the results suggest that other social factors, such as political unrest, cholera epidemic and precarious living conditions, seem to explain this high vulnerability. Social instability also seems to explain anxiety and anguish of survivors with an achievement identity status. Otherwise, the moderately high level of resilience would reflect the survivors' ability to find psychological, social and cultural resources sufficient to recover despite psychic disturbances. The results may prove useful for setting up mental health programmes and devising tools appropriate for the youth population in Haiti
Déry, Maude. "Requiem (roman) : suivi de Poïétique et vulnérabilité sous tension dans le roman du peintre contemporain (essai)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33907.
Full textRequiem déploie un univers intimiste où deux narrateurs, l’un modèle nu, l’autre peintre ecclésiastique, vivent en huis clos dans le couvent du village qui les ont vus naître. Christophe et Frédérique, alias Sœur Hortense, n’entretiennent aucun lien de parenté. Leur rencontre, issue de circonstances troublantes, bouleverse leurs univers en même temps qu’elle leur donne l’occasion de réfléchir sur leur passé. Chacun d’eux est aux prises avec ses propres démons, comme des plaies impossibles à cicatriser. Pourtant, c’est cette fragilité qui les réunira et permettra à la toile de Frédérique de prendre chair. L’œuvre s’élaborera patiemment, dans le silence de l’atelier, là où les masques pourront enfin tomber. L’art devient, par le fait même, le reflet de leur fragilité, en même temps qu’une façon d’évoluer vers une certaine sérénité. L’essai critique de la seconde partie porte sur le roman du peintre contemporain, un sujet qui permet de prolonger la réflexion autour de la relation entre le personnage du peintre et du modèle. Comme dans Requiem, les récits de Monique Proulx, de Jane Urquhart et d’Henry Bauchau s’éloignent d’une dynamique axée sur l’érotisme et la nudité parfaite de la muse en la plaçant plutôt au cœur d’une poïétique fictionnelle qui la mobilise tout entière. La séduction ne se joue plus sur le mode de la passion charnelle, mais tire plutôt son origine des manques et des failles du modèle, qui, ultimement, seront transformés, transfigurés par la création. Cette analyse, inspirée des réflexions philosophiques sur la vulnérabilité (Ricœur, Levinas), nous a permis de mieux comprendre en quoi cette dernière est le gage de l’universalité des œuvres inscrites au cœur des récits étudiés. Elle a également légitimé un discours moins pessimiste autour du mythe de l’artiste, l’échec n’étant plus considéré comme une fin en soi, mais bien comme le tremplin vers une création résolument authentique.
Requiem sets in motion an intimate world where two narrators, one a nude model, the other an ecclesiastical painter, live in seclusion in the village convent, near where both characters were born. Christophe and Frédérique (Sister Hortense), do not have a relationship; their encounter, the product of troubling circumstances, turns their world upside down even as it gives them the opportunity to reflect upon their past. Both struggle with their own demons, like wounds that refuse to heal. However, it is this fragility that unites them and allows Frédérique’s canvas to become flesh and blood. In the silence of the workshop, where masks can finally crumble, the painting patiently takes shape. Consequently, art becomes a reflection of the narrators’ fragility as well as a way to evolve towards a certain serenity. The critical essay portion concerns contemporary artist’s novel, which is a subject that allows for a prolonged reflection on the relationship between the character of the painter and the model. As in Requiem, the stories of Monique Proulx, Jane Urquhart, and Henry Bauchau distance themselves from a dynamic centered on eroticism and the nude perfection of the painter’s muse by placing this one at the heart of a fictional poïétique that completely mobilises her. Seduction no longer plays out through physical passions, but rather originates from the shortcomings and flaws of the model, which will be transformed and transfigured by the act of creation. This analysis, inspired by philosophical reflections on vulnerability (Ricœur, Levinas), will allow us to better understand how the latter is the proof of the universality of the artwork inscribed at the heart of the stories studied here. This analysis also legitimates a less pessimistic discourse around the myth of the artist, in which failure is no longer considered as an end in and of itself, but as a springboard towards a resolutely authentic creation.
Dion, Jeanne. "Les passions dans l'oeuvre de Virgile : sémantique, psychologie, humanisme." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040019.
Full textThe first part of this study examines the four fundamental passions, according to the order Virgil himself stated: fear and desire, pain and joy. The second part is devoted to their amplification: love, horror and misfortune, rage, follow one another. This research is founded on words and their frequency: passion is revealed a privileged place where human being deals with "the sacred", both in revolt and obedience. But, however strong it may be, passion is fated to give way to smiling gentleness
Bénac, Karine. "Le statut du sujet de la parole dans l'oeuvre de marivaux." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030125.
Full textGarrau, Marie. "L’importance de la vulnérabilité : essai sur la signification et les implications de la catégorie de vulnérabilité dans la philosophie morale et politique contemporaine." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100154.
Full textThe notion of vulnerability has recently become central in contemporary moral and political philosophy and in contemporary sociology. This work starts from the assumption that this notion carries with it a new conception of the subject, distinct both from the liberal conception and from the conception promoted by the moral tradition that defines autonomy as self-mastery. In order to define the concept of vulnerability, we first compare the way Martha Nussbaum, Axel Honneth, and care theorists such as Carol Gilligan and Joan Tronto use that notion. This comparison leads us to develop a dual conception of vulnerability according to which vulnerability should be understood as an anthropological category and a sociological one: vulnerability primarily refers to the situation of exposition and dependence in which corporeal and relational subjects are necessarily placed; that we are vulnerable means that our autonomy is dependent on the way others treat us. But vulnerability can also refer to the subjective effects produced by social situations or social contexts that deprive the subject of the conditions that are necessary for the development of her autonomy. We then show that this conception can be confirmed by an analysis of the way sociology makes use of the notion. We focus on the sociology of disaffiliation, social disqualification and domination. Finally, we try to highlight the normative implications of our conception of vulnerability. We argue that neorepublicanism, as developed by Philip Pettit, can help us to define a politics of vulnerability committed to the promotion of the relational and social conditions of autonomy, if we rework it by including in it the major contributions of care ethics and recognition theory
Benmarhnia, Tarik. "Vulnérabilité à la chaleur dans le contexte des changements climatiques." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T003/document.
Full textClimate change is one of the biggest public health threats in the 21th century. An increase in temperatures will lead to an increase in mortality attributable to temperature. In addition, some populations and territories are particularly vulnerable to the impact of increases in heat. It is thus necessary to identify these populations and territories as well as examine future heat-Related health impacts in order to recommend equity-Oriented policies today and in the future. The general objective of this thesis is to document current and future heat-Related vulnerability factors in the context of climate change. In order to address this general objective, the thesis involved four components: a) to conduct a systematic review and a meta-Analysis to assess the heterogeneity in the heat-Mortality associations with respect to individual and contextual population characteristics; b) to identify whether and how the magnitude of mean temperature effects on all-Cause mortality were modified by chronic air pollution exposure, social deprivation, and a combination of these two dimensions; c) to develop a method to quantify the climate change impacts on heat-Related mortality using climate modeling; d) to assess historical and future social disparities in years of life lost caused by ambient temperature in Montreal and Paris, and compare these estimates as well as the impact of climate change on social disparities between the two cities. This thesis highlights which populations are more vulnerable to heat and shows that several differences exist with regard to guidelines from international public health institutions for the identification of vulnerable populations. This thesis also identified chronic air pollution exposure as a new vulnerability factor in heat-Related mortality and that it has a double interaction with social deprivation. Furthermore, in this thesis a novel method to quantify future heat-Related mortality was developed which emphasized the strong evidence of an increase in heat-Related mortality under climate change. This method was then applied to estimate the increase in daily years of life lost social disparities in both Montreal and Paris under climate change which showed that this increase would be greater in Montreal compared to Paris in the future. Thus, this thesis which used a variety of epidemiologic methods has clarified which populations are particularly vulnerable to heat impacts and challenges guidelines for the identification of vulnerable populations from international public health institutions. It has also highlighted the climate change impacts on health inequalities and aims to reorient equity-Focused policies
Kim, Hee-Kyung. "Expression de l'opinion et du jugement dans un corpus contemporain." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1019.
Full textLartillot, Françoise. "L'expression subjective dans l'oeuvre poétologique et poétique d'Ernst Meister (1911-1979) : une question d'identité." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040198.
Full textStarting from historical hermeneutical presuppositions and therefore a redefinition of poetical modernity,we demonstrate that the works of Ernst Meister (1911-1979) follow the poetical lineage defined by its problematic,subjective and discursive identity constitution,the conceptual and structural frameworks of which are respectively those of F. Schiller and F. Hölderlin. .
Jantzen, René. "Réalités et symbolisme de la montagne dans la littérature." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOL003.
Full textA natural obstacle, mountains bring together those who originate from them as well as those who display a passion for them. However the hard living conditions of the alpine peasant is now known only through a few writers. That life in a state of nature has been too often considered as the confirmation of the eden-related origins of mankind. 19th century writers projected themselves into that world of wonders propitions to supernatural meetings and animated or peopled by them with fantastic beings. The bravest among them conveyed to us the hard battles they were fighting in their quest for a hypothetical grail. Now then, that privileged environment appears to be the center of the world where the axis mundi rises, a traditional route enabling the connection between the immanent and the transcendental across the earthly paradise, that cloister for the elect which conceals the celestial steps intended to allow the dreamer as well as the mystic to accomplish, in Dante's manner, the ultimate ascent towards heaven. If many climbers, until the beginning of this century, were persuaded they would meet god on these summits, they were not often aware that sloping lands were places propitions to a form of initiation which entitled them to experience enlightenment after the descent to hell they had known, the anabasis after the catabasis; the glacier and the steep slopes that lead to the pinnacles played there the part of the labyrinth, that place of trial which opens the way to the initiatory cave, a symbolic inverted image of the mountain. Following the same movement, mystics and poets, dispensing with the physical support of mountains or their monumental representations, perform in their existence an endlessly renewed ascent in accordance with the descensus-ascensus process achieved by the son of man
El, Helou Rachelle. "La vulnérabilité dans la fiction de Toni Morrison : De l'aliénation à la reconstruction identitaire par le langage." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ2029.
Full textDuring an interview with Nellie McKay in 1983, Toni Morrison confided to her the following words: “I'm interested in survival―who survives and who does not, and why […] It''s the complexity of how people behave under harshness that is of interest to me―the qualities they show at the end of an event when their backs are up against the wall.” Therefore, in her works which are characterized by a force of vision and a poetic power which has made her writings famous all over the world, the novelist aspires to rectify the errors as well as the omissions of the official History over a period which extends from before the arrival of the first slave ship in Virginia in the 17th century to more contemporary times that go beyond the struggle of black Americans for desegregation and equal civil rights in the 1960s. In her texts that are sometimes elliptical, sometimes ostentatious, Toni Morrison wants to give a voice to marginalized, vulnerable and often “fragmented” characters who are deeply wounded in the flesh in order to put an end to the silence of several decades of racial discrimination which hinder their quest for identity. It is therefore through her pen that the writer reveals the struggles, the tribulations, but also the passions, the hopes, and the strategies of survival which animate her characters who strive to free themselves from the chains of oppression and from the weight of the past. By means of a language which was in turn an instrument of oppression and an instrument of redemption, Morrison makes out of language a mode of expression which reinvests the text with typically Afro-American ways/voices thus creating a symbolic space where Black people can now face the oppression of which they were once a victim and finally reconstitute their own subjectivity
Arniac, Adeline. "De Landscape à Ashes to Ashes : spectralité et dépendance dans les pièces de Harold Pinter." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30017/document.
Full textThis study focuses on a selection of Harold Pinter’s plays, from Landscape (1968) to Ashes to Ashes (1996), commonly referred to by critics as “memory plays”. Their emphasis on the past and their meditative dimension is often commented on, but tackling these plays through the notion of spectrality reveals how they go beyond a representation of memory to highlight the impact of the past on the present as well as the impact of lives on other lives. The image of the solitary and independent Pinterian character gives way to the vision of a subject taking into account his/her dependence and interdependence and the links uniting him/her to others.The first part explores dependence through its opposite, rupture, looking at how ghosts may seem radically other, in between the visible and the invisible, past and present, representation and the failure of representation. Nevertheless, the second part suggests that spectrality can actually only be understood as necessarily linked: what seemed foreign is revealed as familiar, absence is perceived as loss and the obstacles to representation become clues hinting at the orectic nature of the individual. The third part focuses on the vulnerability revealed beneath dependence: by highlighting the limits of embodiment as well as of rational knowledge, spectrality repeatedly emphasizes the limitations of the subject. However, this vulnerability lays the foundation for an ethics in which the subject would accept to bear responsibility for the other to whom s/he is inevitably related
Emtcheu, André. "Processus, types et rôles psycho-sociaux dans la littérature d'Afrique Noire." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100072.
Full textSusani, Jean-Paul. "La question du double dans la psychanalyse et dans les contes : « Ombres et lumières du double »." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://scbd-sto.uni-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2017_susani.pdf.
Full textAn unusual movement of a retlective reciprocity, impels the relationships between The Double and the fields of thought and narration. Even before the development of philosophy and psychoanalysis, ,mages of the Twins and the Double appeared in the major constituent symbols of cultural organization, and were already clearly conveyed in tales. The Double is both at the heart 9f, as well as, the border of thought. It is also at work in our relationships to mirrors, gazes, in the search for our own faces. For some, The Double joins psychological modalities expressed by the languages of being, and the diversity of these figurations are seen in both classic and modern tales, in multiple and prolific ways. These literary theories and their 1 typologies, should therefore be examined in relation to the traditional meanings of the Double, in orde to fully ml-'Jerstari.d the journey and find the axes that bring coherence to a diffracted enseri1ble. Duality, and the faces of the double will also be the object of a typological proposai combining these two aspects to define the trajectories of the double. Starting in a position of recognizing the convergence and the interdependence of thought and narration, and after integrating the diverse contributions of psychoanalytical and literary theories, this thesis will study the creative and curative contributions of the genre to pursue a new psychoanalytical perspective The conclusions of this journey, illustrated through various children clinical studies and their relationship to the Double, imaginary companions and to tales, will allow a more global view of this problem
Yano, Taku. "La littérature engagée en France." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT3010.
Full textThis thesis underlines the numerous parallels that exist during the period between the French and Japanese situation. It examines the work of writers such as Jean-Paul Sartre, Michel Leiris, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Claude Simon, Georges Perec, Shohei Ooka, Yukio Mishima, Kobo Abe, Junnosuke Yoshiyuki, Kenzaburô Oe as well as example of literary and political movement such as Les Temps modernes, Nouveau Roman, Tel Quel, Kindai bungaku (Modern Literature), « Daisan no shinjin » (the new writers of the third type), « Be-hei-ren » (Citizen’s League for Peace in Vietnam). The expression of « Engaged literature » (literature of commitment), born immediately just after the Second World War in France deeply influenced French and Japanese writers in the literary history of the second half of the twentieth century. Indeed, their literary manifesto in its relationship to History maintained its effectiveness until the end of the 1960s. Above all, the conception of « Engaged literature » emphasizes the social responsibility of writers to the public. Their novelistic works also reconcile literature and the history of ideas through Marxism. However, on several occasions these writers met with difficulties when faced with international political events. Their adherence to revolutionary ideology collapsed definitively with the fall of socialism and the prosperity of the society of consumption in the 1980s. The failure of the myth of History led the writers toward the question of the « era of Postmodern emptiness ». However, the end of History promised new beginnings. The incomplete attempts of writers from the post-war period thus put forward the possibility to reconstruct a new form of literary engagement
Miguel-Mazoyer, Anne-Valérie de. "Psychologie de l'identité féminine au risque de la création littéraire." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30037.
Full textBordered by the maternal one, the female identity is called in question to each crisis of life. The maternity, considered as one of these crises, can result in an impossibility to work out around maternal, as the sign the private clinic of the termination of pregnancy and infantile ill-treatment. With the place of a crossing of maternal, the suffering settles. This work proposes to analyze the incidence of maternal in the literary creation of four women writers (Mac Cullers, Hebert, Morrison, Huston). The exit of the release of maternal at the personal level marks the writing of these women: either their hero remains under the icy influence of maternal possessive, or it faces the specific crisis, while emancipant himself. The destiny of maternal points out that of the exile, connecting the four female authors. The exile can announce the change (language, of culture. . . ) but it can also remain with the state of unsatisfied running away. If the confrontation of with the maternal one is not balanced by an incomprehensible loss, then the writing becomes the sum of the female experiments. On the contrary, if the maternal one remains morbid (absence, death, ill-treatment), then the heroes choose imaginary solutions (recourse to the double, with the dream) or irreversible passages to the act (suicide, murder). The two types of writing, one marking the hero of fundamental instability and the other of sufficient bases to be maintained in spite of the crisis, account for the shelves in the crossing, which must lead to the stamping from the woman by the medium of creation
Franceschi, Élisabeth de. "Pulsion de mort et sublimation : la création littéraire et artistique." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040085.
Full textThe aim of this research is to study the impact of death instinct on sublimation, particularly its influence on the act of artistic creation ; the fields of exploration are literature, music, plastic arts ; the method of investigation is psychoanalytical. The first part is focalized on the concept of death instinct in psychoanalytical theory, referring to sublimation (symbolized by osiris) and creation (symbolized by orpheus) ; then the "passion" suffered by the subject (the creator) during his proper act is examined : death or absence of the ego, metamorphosis, transfiguration of the creator ; one chapter in devoted to psychosis and the root of sublimation. The vanishing, the desire of nothing, can be considered as the end (termination or aim) of the creation and of the creator. Finally occurs the study of the passion inflicted by the creator to the object (the original object, the modification or the metamorphosis of products the created object - the work of art) and of its consequences : the various kinds of relief (aufhebung) after the "murder" or the normal corrosion of the object - resurrection, fictitious incarnation, transfiguration and vanishing in the nothing or in the abstraction. The example were chosen as well in ancient times (the bible, plato, the myth of helen) as in nowadays (pierre jean jouve, abstract painters)
Zaugg, Brigitte. "Femmes et féminité dans l'oeuvre d'Ellen Glasgow." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOL007.
Full textThis thesis is a re-reading of four novels by Ellen Glasgow, Virginia, Life and Gabriella, Barren Ground, and the sheltered life. It means to be faithful to the novelist's intentions and aims but not to analyse her fiction from a biographical perspective. My approach to the subject is a cultural one and is based on the novelist's avowed aim to write a social history of Virginia. The thesis is divided into two parts of unequal length which correspond to Glasgow’s twofold project, i. E. To denounce women's position in Virginian society from 1884 to 1924 (ch. 1 & 2) and to establish a system freeing women of bondage, based on their economic independence (ch. 3). Chapter 1 is devoted to the main principles on which the dominant ideology is based that defines woman both as an ideal and a biological body and maintains her in service and in a web of sentimental illusion. It also deals with Glasgow’s criticism of this ideology and studies its concrete and perverse effects: woman is kept in the domestic sphere and forbidden any access to knowledge; her very clothes are emblematic of her service, so is her inability to speak. Chapter 2 studies love, which in these novels invariably occurs at first sight. This choice of Glasgow’s enables her to denounce the influence of sentimental fiction and the far too great idealization that follows up. The chapter then examines the issue of marriage as necessity and illusion and focuses on the character of Eva Birdsong. Chapter 3 points out Glasgow’s claim for the equality of the sexes and her trust in woman's manifold abilities. It focuses on the heroines of life and Gabriella and Barren Ground who thanks to their will to power become successful business women yet retain a humanity Glasgow deems fundamental. It also shows how her way of thinking on the joint issues of economy and love became more radical as age wore on
Degryse, Bouillot Carine. "Les gestes et les attitudes corporelles dans la littérature narrative des XIIème et XIIIème siècles en France : étude de psychologie, de mentalité et de sémiotique." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040126.
Full textLorenz, Catherine. "Les contes de Maupassant ou les morceaux du "je"." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040269.
Full textMaupassant doesn't believe in the harmonious cohesion of the whole. Therefore, in his tales, he tries to describe the explosion of each composed structure, and, first of all, the shattering of the individual identity into a multitude of autonomous fragments. In the tales, the dividing up of the human being applies to the external aspect (the body) as well as to the inner self (thought). Deprived of control over his organism by an obscure force that dominates him, the human being watches, powerless, as his corporal machine races out of control. He can no longer master his movements. Torn between his consciousness that remains clear and his acts that seem no longer to belong to him, the individual observes the mechanization and the reification of his body. The "human thing" is a simple puppet emptied of all its substance, or vulgar goods intended to be sold or bought on the market of a new economic slave system. As for the inner division of the individual, it expresses itself mainly in dual personalities. But the Horla, is not the only illustration of the double. Maupassant uses the unit of the couple to represent this unbearable dichotomy. Faced with the animal bestiality, confronted with feminine otherness, with his likeness to his child, his father or brother, in front of the foreign image reflected in the mirror, the individual, divided into two incompatible egos, questions his identity. The duality of the person leads to an irreversible deprivation of the ego. The only way out lies in death, whether it be exteriorized in a criminal act, interiorized by retreat into madness, actualized by a suicidal act, or represented by images of disappearance. The pessimist vision of the author concerning this fragmented being destined to be destroyed appears in a number of stories. It illustrates the singularity of a world pervaded by the fragments of an inner fantastic unique to Maupassant
Park, Hae-Sook. "Les types féminins dans les romans de George Sand." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040243.
Full textImura, Manami. "Poétique de la négation dans "Derniers vers" d'Arthur Rimbaud." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA081257.
Full text" negative " aspect, singular " negativity" in dernies vers containing 18 texts of which 12 are dated in 1872 is often refered. With the aide of lexical, syntactic, linguistic and psychoanalytic definitions indicating a negation process capable of surprising a potential stratum, a reading is intrrogated about the opening of text and its ending. The first vision is susceptible tobe swung by the subject whose aim is to transfom what is into what is not. The theme of water points out the strategy of subject who faces a fluid material to lose himself his proper unity (negation and vision). To this vision of things with uncertain outlines corresponds the moment when a strange comes to disturb the familiar universe: dialectic of outside and inside (negation and familiar). The frequency of space colored in "blue" aims for eroding a stability which will instal between subject and object (negation and space). If the negation process allows to open to a potential space, arrives a moment when this space change into another space in which the subject lose (second party). In "age d'or", the subject introduces another voice, which resists being integrated and propagates until it covers the voice of subject (negation and language). Hunger and thirst signify a situation in which the subject let to be treated by his desire, and reaches the end of text (negation and desire). The problem of body, present in poesies, but absent in derniers vers, will clear the relation of subject with his exterior world (negation and body). In derniers vers, where the subject occupies a uncertain position mais strategic, the writing is elaborated by the ambivalence, and a stranger, searched in beginning of poems, is found too strong that he forces the end of text
Le, Marc'hadour Rémi. "Identité et individuation dans l'oeuvre de Jorge Luis Borges." Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20005.
Full textThe analysis of Jorge Luis Borges's imaginary framework permits to value some essential structures or the subject's thinking and writing. But these structures go beyond the individual ; they reveal symbolical or archetypical substratum that supports an original conception of man an world. Borges's literary adventure is first an individual identity quest, an attempt at self definition. The split personality appears in a dual writing process and in the specular play of the ego and the other. A deep aspiration to the coincidence of opposites, to the establishment of an authentic individuation springs forth from this tension. This quest also transcribes a general matter of identity through the characters of the narrative prose. Some Borges's protagonists suffer an obvious deficiency of individuation, others maintain conflictual but basic relations with the name, a symbol of identity
Laharpe, Nicole de. "Les stereotypes nationaux dans les tischreden de luther. Image de l'autre et image de soi." Strasbourg 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR20076.
Full textLuther's tischreden (table talk), an important medium of the reformer's concepts, have often been overlooked by critics. Yet the diversity of the themes he tackled gives us an overall view of his ideas and concerns during the latter part of his life which was characterized by his polemics against the turks, the jews and the pope. Based on the weimar edition, the present study establishes luther's perception of the germans and foreigners (italians, jews, turks) and endeavours to bring to the fore the extent to which this image was dependent on existing stereotypes or created new ones. If due to the cultural antagonism between germany and italy, one notices a symmetry concerning a number of stereotypes (the simplicity, naivety, love of truth of the germans as opposed to the cleverness, cunning and mendacity of the italians), and if the image of italy suffers from its identification with the papacy, one is not aware in luther of any particular glorification of germany; on the contrary the faults of the germans in general and of each german region in particular are denounced without any pity. The christian anti-judaism and the prejudices it conveys are taken up by luther, as by the majority of his contemporaries; however the tischreden, often filled with hostility, do not peddle the calumny contained in his last writings. Despite his visceral suspicion, luther does not remain insentive to the fate of the jewish people. The image of the turks is centred on the fear raised by the political and military events on the one hand and on the muslim religion on the other; the latter lutter refuses to view any differently than as a lie. The comparison between the qualities and defects of each group with those of the world in general reveals that luther's arguments are essentially religious. His intention is not to stigmatize the particular defects of each nation but to denounce everywhere the different forms of sin from which man cannot escape
Djaziri, Najib. "La ville enchantée dans les mille et une nuits : approche psychanalytique." Toulouse 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985TOU21008.
Full textLétot-Douglas, Virginie. "La subversion dans la fiction non-réaliste contemporaine pour la jeunesse au Royaume-Uni : 1945-1995." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040123.
Full textThis study analyses about a hundred British children’s novels and short stories published between 1945 and 1995 from the point of view of subversion. Thematically subversion makes it possible to take the child reader’s specificity into account, endeavouring to bring little peopleʺ’s viewpoint into the foreground thanks to devices such as miniaturization, animalization and inversion, making underdogs triumph over authority figures. When it concerns time and space subversion implies exploring otherness and leading the child towards independence through the crossing of thresholds and borders. Such themes are expanded in travel narratives and above all in the transgression of time and space provided by the numerous secondary worlds, which help the individual to reach unity beyond the multiplicity of other places. This experience of otherness is further developed in the subversion of sexual identity and categories, though sexual subversion in children’s books remains lukewarm or underground. By encouraging the questioning of such concepts as the masculine and the feminine, some recent books favour a better balance in the representation of both male and female characters. Subversion is particularly striking in textual and intertextual play and creativity: tradition is revised in a playful way thanks to the use of references the young reader can grasp because they resort to intertextuality in the broad sense of the term and by making the most of the potential plasticity and reversibility of language. Even didacticism, apparently a characteristic of children’s books, is subverted: education is renewed rather than suppressed and aims at teaching not the moralizing lessons of the past but the ability to put things into perspective and to apply critical distance to discourse, including the discourse of narration
Robin, Frédérique. "Stratégies cognitives dans la description des configurations spatiales." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H070.
Full textSeveral research have shown that speakers use dominant strategies to describe spatial networks. The first aim of the present study was to examine to what extent the structure of an object places constraints on the order in which its parts are entered into a description. The aim of the second part of the experiment was to evidence similarities between the strategies used to describe objects and those used to describe visual images of objects. Subjects (adults) were first involved ina perceptual condition, where they had to describe visually presented networks, and then in the imaginal condition (two weeks later). The results reveal that the structure of descriptions are similar for perceptual and imagined networks. In both conditions, increasing the complexity of networks resulted in increase latencies. Nevertheless, latencies differ as a function of individual differences in imagery abilities. The use of dominant strategies to describe spatial networks have only been evidenced in adult production. A second study was designed to explore the development of cognitive processes involved in the description of spatial networks by children aged 6 to 10. The findings evidence that the dominant strategies which characterize adult production do not develop in consistent way. The strategies used by children aged 8 to 10 to describe mental images are similar to those used to describe perceptual networks
Lévy, Clara. "Les écrivains juifs contemporains de langue française : déclinaisons identitaires et modes d'expression littéraire." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHESA010.
Full textFlorent, Adriana Coelho. "Memoires d'un engagement : graciliano ramos et le role de l'ecrivain dans le societe bresilienne de 1930 a 1945." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10013.
Full textGalibert, Thierry. "Poesie et modernite la crise de l'individu chez les poetes francais les jeunes-france au grand jeu." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30039.
Full textBetween 1830 and 1945, modernity climaxed with several concomitant phenomena. The death of god, the birth of democracy, the development of bourgeois capitalism, the advent of mass culture, the totalitarian systems. . . So many tensions that the individual was forced to cope with. Subjected to the atomizing double logic of philosophical and economic rationalization, the poet represented the ideal archetype of modern man. In this study, the author analyses from diachronic and synchronic angles how, among the "jeunes-france", the poets' disenchantment followed the world disenchantment, how the process intensified and took form with baudelaire and the very next generation, and last how social positioning organized itself in the light of the assessment of the situation and how heavy it weighed on the very nature of the poetic output. Confronting "surrealism" and "grand jeu", the study shows how 20 th century strategies for creativity are a continuation of 19 th century strategies with their resolutely libertarian attitude, and how the question of action and dreams finally imposes several conceptions of the individual, which was already obvious amond the "jeunes-france"
Woodroffe, Graham. "L'oeuvre de harold pinter des annees cinquante et soixante : etude d'une fantasmatique." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070062.
Full textIn common with all discourse, the literary text bears the traces of its own determinations, both psychical and socio-historical; it is as much the product of a society as it is of an individual psyche and the signifiers that constitute it can refer to both these sets of conditions of production. This study in literary anthropology takes six texts by pinter, the room, the dumb waiter, the birthday party, the caretaker, the homecoming and betrayal and seeks to throw light on their psychical and socio-historical conditions of production. An analytical approach, based primarily on the theoretical and clinical writings of freud and lacan, is used to "listen" to the discourse of the subject (in the lacanian sense) of these texts. Particularly noticeable is a preoccupation with the theme of identity both at the psychical and sociological levels of interpretation. New perspectives on the oedipal components of the unconscious fantasies present in pinter's works are added to interpretations already put forward by critics such as gabbard, gordon and esslin. Principally, however, this study draws attention to the preponderance of representations that hark back to earlier stages of psychical development, especially the symbiotic relationship with the mother. Another discrouse - no less unconscious - is also to be heard in some of these plays. It has to do with pinter's jewish background that has enabled him to instill his dramatic writings with metaphors that express not only his own sense of guilt about the betrayal of assimilation but also the racial tensions that arose in britain with the arrival of coloured british citizens from the former colonies who were confronted, as jewish immigrants had been, with the paradoxes of integration. The desire for perfect integration into society on the one hand, the hallucinatory desire for "fusion" with the mother on the other : this is one of the points of contact made between the psychical and the sociological levels of interpretation. This search for coherence in the subject's unconscious discourse is based on detailed analysis of the dialogues and stage directions of the plays making up the corpus. Other plays by pinter, as well as some poems, unpublished texts and the manuscripts of his plays are also examined. The study also draws on the recent biography by michael billington
Monachesi, Maria Teresa. "La représentation du migrant dans la littérature narrative italienne contemporaine." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCH039.
Full textAbstractIn this study I propose to give a record on the special feature of Italian literary works concerning the subject of migration.My corpus includes the essential of the writings (eight autobiographical stories and four novels) published in Italy between 1990 (year that marks in Italy the growing of this new literary genre) and 2015.Authors taken into consideration are mostly Italians with an immigrant background, they are first-generation or second-generation immigrants.It’s a question of six men and six women. One of the issues of my comparative study is to try to determine the special features of an immigrant female writing study.For the first part of my work I trace the history of the migratory phenomenon during the last century analyzing the transformation of Italy from an emigration land into an immigration land.I also analyze the evolution of the lexicon gone with this transformation from 80’s.The second part is characterized by an interpretation of the works composing the corpus, concentrating my attention on the immigrant’s representation, on the way every writer reports his life conditions, on the personal experience, on his relationship often ambivalent with natives.I analyze the variety on the ways of representation (and self-representation) of the immigrant, according to the sexual identity, to the geographical, cultural and social origin of the writer, but also the die-hard singularity of his process.The last part is concerned with the analysis of the critical reception of this production in Italy.Key-words: migrant, migration, literature, stereotype, discrimination, racism
Herbert, Catherine Deming. "Féminisme et féminité dans l'œuvre de Jules Laforgue." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30009.
Full textIn the final decades of the nineteenth century, as Romanticism waned and was replaced by various movements such as Parnassianism, Decadence, and Symbolism, a poet emerged who was to have an influence on literature in France and abroad that far exceeds his short life. Before his death in 1887 at the age of 27, Jules Laforgue spent most of his writing career in Berlin, where he met his future wife, the Englishwoman Leah Lee, and where he wrote the majority of his poetry and prose. These same years also marked an evolution of the portrayal of women in literature, the misogyny of poets such as Baudelaire gradually being replaced by an optimistic willingness to empower women by giving them a voice and allowing them some control over their destiny. Jules Laforgue played an important role in this literary development, and his work reflects the sexist prejudices of his time, which he left behind in order to embrace a vision of women as the companion and equal of men, whether in a fraternal or romantic sense. Laforgue, sensitive to artistic and literary tendencies, took on popular subjects of his day – Salomé, Ophelia, the femme fatale, the female vampire, the Eternal Feminine – and put his own stamp on them through a mixture of parody, irony, anachronism, and feminist ideas. The silent, powerless women of the earlier poems discover, especially in the Moral Tales and the Last Verse, a voice and a determination which can lead to their death (Salomé) or the fulfillment brought by free will and true love (Andromeda). While Laforgue was never an outspoken feminist, he made a major contribution to the literary evolution of women in the years leading up to the twentieth century
Beaumard-Montout, Marie-Annick. "L'écriture militante dans les nouvelles d'Olive Senior." Angers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ANGE0048.
Full textBorn in 1941, Olive Senior, a Jamaican writer, became famous in 1987 when she received the Commonwealth Writers' Prize for her first collection of short stories Summer Lightning and Other Stories published in 1987. Two other collections were to follow : Arrival of the Snake-Woman and Other Stories (1989) and Discerner of Hearts and Other Stories (1995). In each of the three collections she questions the history of Jamaica in relation to the influence of colonialism on the life of the people. She equally questions it as to its responsibility in embracing the white Western values, especially the American ones, only too readily. She uses the playful spirit inherent in the reading activity to design a didactic game in which she invites the Jamaican reader to ponder over his/her difficulties to find a different original voice. She also suggests that changing some of his/her cultural habits might prove helpful. To do so she equips him/her with a variety of ways of liberating his/her subjectivity in which she resorts to the carnaval tradition
Jaunay, Pascale. "L'imaginaire dans les oeuvres romanesques de Daniel Moyano : sous le signe du lien." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT5011.
Full textEscobar, Livia. "La quête identitaire dans l'oeuvre romanesque d'Edmundo Paz Soldán." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUEL022.
Full textThis essay intends to show that the identity in the novels of Edmundo Paz Soldán, whether collective or individual, is a process in constant motion and that never ends to be realized. The aesthetics of his work shows the ambivalence of this concept in a world that is increasingly unstable, fluctuating and hybrid. This aesthetic can be criticized because it provides no certainty, but allows the possibility of the medium, the in-between, or simply the alternative of "doubt". The work of Paz Soldán marks in Bolivian and Latin American literature a new path: he focuses more on human being, its existence and importance of the Other in the definition of identity without abandoning historical realism or the social question. The ontological approach to his work addresses problems of modern man facing the crisis of representation of the late twentieth century and early twenty-first and that challenges the authority represented by the figures of the State and the Father, the former bosses of collective and individual identity. While identity is ofen approached from two, it is not limited to two entities but several. A plural identity is perhaps the only perspective we can adopt towards to idea of a globalized world
Tanquerel, Sylvain. "L'invention du coeur dans les Cahiers de Rodez d'Antonin Artaud." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040190.
Full textThis approach seeks to describe artaud's cahiers de rodez as a series of " experiences based on love and poetry " and to clarify a certain " labor " of the feminine. Prefigured in the writings of 1937, then progressively replayed with the virginal maternity of mary in the christianity of the first phase of artaud's asylum years, the " filles de cŒur " become, by the summer of 1945, the main motif of the cahiers. Through these successive metamorphoses, we witness the emergence of a " heart " inextricably linked to a visionary practice, itself based on an imagination that embodies. Rather than engaging in clinical categorization, our reading instead attempts to understand these feminine figures as they present themselves in the cahiers, in the same phenomenal rhythm as their appearance, and to explore thereby a peculiar production of reality. The enigmatic love of the " filles de cŒur ", these creatures who create their creator, allows us, finally, to come up against the mystery of the " body " announced in artaud's late writings
Forest, Marjolaine. "La condition masculine dans le roman français de l'entre-deux-guerres : le temps des vacillements." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/forest_m.
Full textThe thesis we present propose a reflection about masculine condition in French literature between the two World Wars. In a France which fights to recover from the First World War while foreseeing more and more surely the approach of the Second one, the man holds a central place, for his manhood intends him to the higher sacrifice. This is the man of these restless times that we have wished to understand better in this work ; we have tried to demonstrate the huge awkwardness implied by the fact of being a man. Along the variations of this major period that goes from 1919 until 1939, the French man feels lost : right after the First World War, forever linked to nightmarish or glorious memories, the soldier become a civilian again, become a man again, is face to a new society in which past hegemony will be from now taken on by the one whose he had always thought she was his inferior : the woman. Through the study of several French novels from 1919 until 1939, we make the analysis of this relentless evolution of masculine condition. Heroes of hackneyed masculinity or antiheroes in a social, psychical or emotional suffering, crude or uncommon instances of masculine identity, the characters of the novels which make up our corpus, whether they show the front trials, the readjustment to civil life ones, or ones generated by the new definition of relationships between both sexes, show, everyone in a different way, the deep intricacy of masculine condition between the two World Wars, between power and overwhelm
Ginfray, Denise. "Identité et création : le masculin et le féminin dans l'oeuvre de Virginia Woolf." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30002.
Full textThis study aims to show how Virginia Woolf's work, confronted to the modernist crisis, is structured around a dialectics between identity – and more precisely gender identity – and artistic creation. The first part of the analysis focuses on the subversion of cultural codes and sexual paradigma ; on the split in the characters' consciousness, on the failure of verbal and emotional communication. The stress is also laid on sexual difference at work in the creative process. The second part, exclusively devoted to the text as artefact, brings to light Virginia Woolf's disruption of conventional modes of representation – a means to put into question an ideological and normative discourse based on the repression of otherness. The exploration of the narrative and discursive strategies helps to clarify the nature of Virginia Woolf's aesthetics founded on the interrelationship between literary works, linear and causal discontinuity, the rejection of bourgeois conformity, as well as on the introduction of heterogeneity and ambiguity. Finally, this study tries to draw a portrait of the woolfian artist, to bring out the desire-as-lack which creation proceeds from, and to determine the finality of any work of art at large, of writing in particular : a perpetual quest for identity and wholeness, an insatiable yearning for the other
Ghamdi, Abdullah Al. "Le mythe arabe dans des textes d'orientalistes français et d'auteurs francophones du Maghreb." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE2032.
Full textIt is worth nothing that without a number of definitions and a view theoretical analysis, this work would not be complete. French literature, be it ot past centuries orientalists or XX th century writers essentially from the Maghreb, displays a number of general views and images about the arab world as awhole. This paper is concerned firstly and foremostly with such views that usually prevail in literary texts and which draw a particular picture of the arab muslim society from the inside and for the outside. As can be seen through the texts, i have studied, the prevalent vision about the easem part of the arab world is somewhat ambiguous. It has a legendary figure, and converys long-held stereotyped images that can or rather shu'd be viewed as mythical. My approach differs from that of both orientalists and Maghreb writers when the subject affects the arabs in their culture, religion or sense of being. Also, when the image is likely to arouse general discomfort. The analysis of Maghreb writers were note able to create a coherent and real vision of their society. Theres were dominated by ideological and myth very often borrowed from their western culture. More interstingly, this doctorat helps readers conceive of mythical questions in this particulor area which have so far been grotesquely caricatured
Yeo, Lacina. "La réhabilitation de l'Afrique noire dans le littérature moderne d'expression germanique (1960-2000) : Une éude au discours postcolonial." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040179.
Full textA detailed analysis of the German literature, starting with the year 1960, when many African states gained independence, that includes heterogeneous texts in content and form, mixing fiction and reality, reflects a strong accusation of certain German authors against the marginalization of Africa. This subversive discourse extends beyond the limitations of a bilateral dialogue (Africa/ Germany) by taking the form of a "trialogue" (Germany/ Africa/ France). The texts, originating from the postcolonial discourse, evidently represent a clear offence to the verbal violence in colonial literature. With the aim to strengthen an independent African German Studies, this study represents as well a new opening for classical German Studies
Nestelbaum-Guez, Maya. "Le cri de la judéïté et de la Shoah dans l'œuvre littéraire de Romain Gary." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083415.
Full textVallejo, Isabelle. "Littérature et engagement : analyse de l'écriture engagée dans l'oeuvre de Mario Benedetti de 1953 à 1985." Lille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL30016.
Full textFlajoliet, Alain. "La première philosophie de Sartre (1) : métaphysique - psychologie - phénoménologie transcendentale." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010632.
Full textOwona, Ndouguessa François-Xavier. "Crise d'identité et volonté d'auto-définition dans les romans de Toni Morrison." Paris 12, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA120009.
Full textIn each of morrison's novels published until 1987, the hero reveals a crisis of his identity and searches for self-definition either through alienation in the bluest eye, revolt in sula, or solidarity in song of solomon. Tar baby, the fourth novel, is an illustration of some traps set in front to the here in his adventure. As regards writing, morrison constantly associates to that of identity which is central, the following themes: sexuality, desalienation, the naming of characters and places, race mixing and negritude
Vieira, Marie Isabelle. "Regards croisés francophones et portugais : images des Portugais dans la littérature romanesque contemporaine (1950-2000)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100058.
Full textThis study in the field of literary imagology investigates the representations of the Portuguese both in French and Portuguese narratives, from 1950 to 2000. By the end of the 70s, Portuguese have become the most important foreign community in France. We analyze the speeches and the images conveyed by human and social sciences, but also by the Portuguese propaganda agencies and various guides intended for foreigners. Thus, we try to define the main aspects of the Portuguese imaginary identity and to shed light on the myths that are related to it. It appears that some images issued by Salazar and his ideologues have survived until today. They have been conveyed by writers who were admirers of the dictator and who developed certain topics, often related to the history of Portugal. But, after the “Revolution of the carnations”, the literary figures of the Portuguese become less conventional. Fiction concentrates on families and young people stemming from the immigration, who are often presented as dominated or eccentric figures. A few writers have preferred to write about their wanderings in Lisbon, daydreaming without ever meeting “real” Portuguese. In Portugal, the censorship silenced the authors who resisted the dictatorship. In order to be published, works had to harp on the ideology of the Portuguese adventurer or to evoke the failure of emigration (such an image was supposed to prevent Portuguese from leaving their country). With the advent of democracy, political exile and emigration, two topics that were previously held in contempt, became important Portuguese literary themes. The authors have tended to question their identity as well as the meaning of the return to their native country. Ultimately, it appears that the two literatures intersected very rarely, as the low number of translations would show