Relevant bibliographies by topics / Voting data

Academic literature on the topic 'Voting data'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Voting data"

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Valsamidis, Stavros, Sotirios Kontogiannis, Theodosios G. Theodosiou, and Ioannis Petasakis. "A Web e-voting system with a data analysis component." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 20, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-01-2017-0002.

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Purpose Currently, electronic election is one of the most popular issues of e-democracy. This has led to the development of applications and several security mechanisms to address such necessity. The problem that arises is that such applications are created either on demand for a specific election process, or experimentally for scientific purposes. The purpose of this study is to present a new e-voting system, called VOTAN. The VOTAN system involves a combination of new features with basic advantages, the implementation as open source software, its modular organization covering the functional requirements of a typical electronic voting system (EVS) and the capability of data analysis of candidates and voters. Design/methodology/approach VOTAN stands for VOTes Analyzer. It is a secure application for the conduct of electronic elections through the internet based on its own security protocol. It also includes a data analysis component which analyzes the election results and investigates the factors that play a crucial role. The major advantages of the system are that it is an open source and includes a data analysis module that can distinguish important variables from the elections and help make predictions for the outcome based on the selected variables. It is a practical solution to the existing e-voting applications and is ideal for small communities such as organizations, universities and chambers. Findings Its main advantage, compared to similar e-voting systems, is the integration of the data analysis component. The analysis of the data produced from elections is considered a critical process to fully comprehend the outcome of the elections and its correlation to specific attributes/variables of the election process. The data analysis module is a unique feature of VOTAN. It facilitates the selection of the most important attributes that influence the outcome of elections and creates a mathematical model to predict the outcome of an election based on the selected attributes. The method used in the module is the LDA. Originality/value The originality of the paper derives from the data analysis component and its security protocol/schema that fulfils several requirements.
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Lin, Huaizhong, and Chun Chen. "Optimistic voting for managing replicated data." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 17, no. 6 (November 2002): 874–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02960779.

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ZHU, SHANFENG, QIZHI FANG, and WEIMIN ZHENG. "SOCIAL CHOICE FOR DATA FUSION." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 03, no. 04 (December 2004): 619–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622004001288.

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Social choice theory is the study of decision theory on how to aggregate separate preferences into group's rational preference. It has wide applications, especially on the design of voting rules, and brings far-reaching influence on the development of modern political science and welfare economics. With the advent of the information age, social choice theory finds its up-to-date application on designing effective Metasearch engines. Metasearch engines provide effective searching by combining the results of multiple source search engines that make use of diverse models and techniques. In this work, we analyze social choice algorithms in a graph-theoretic approach. In addition to classical social choice algorithms, such as Borda and Condorcet, we study one special type of social choice algorithms, elimination voting, to tackle Metasearch problem. Some new algorithms are proposed and examined in the fusion experiment on TREC data. It shows that these elimination voting algorithms achieve satisfied performance when compared with Borda algorithm.
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Chakrabarti, Shakya, and Neelanjan Acharya. "PROPOSITION OF A SECURE SYSTEM OF VOTING USING UIDAI DATA VIA IOT." International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 6, no. 1 (June 19, 2018): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2018.616.

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Purpose of the study: The paper proposes a secure system of voting using UIDAI Data and implementing IoT to save a copy of the voting statistics via VMAC encryption. Methodology: The paper proposes a secure system which will utilize the Aadhar database along with the Electronic Voting Machine units, to authenticate voters by bio-metric means which will be synchronized by Internet of Things. After successful casting of vote, two sets of voting statistics will be stored in the local polling station as well as a centralized register respectively; through a cascade of servers. These will be secured from virtual third-party vulnerability by VMAC encryption. Finally, an impenetrable system of voting can be established by the above method. Applications of this study: If the proposed system of voting is practically implemented, then a proper consensus can be obtained by avoiding poll-day violence. Furthermore, if UIDAI data is used then the voter’s authenticity is also verified. Novelty/Originality of this study: The use of biometric data, as well as storage of a second set of data using VMAC encryption to a secondary storage site.
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Rifa Hanifatunnisa and Muhammad Ismail. "Desain dan Implementasi Sistem Pencatatan Pemungutan Suara dengan Teknologi Blockchain pada Jaringan Peer-to-Peer." Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro dan Teknologi Informasi 9, no. 4 (December 10, 2020): 354–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jnteti.v9i4.648.

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Proses voting (pemungutan suara) merupakan salah satu bagian penting dalam sistem demokrasi, yang sampai saat ini masih banyak dilakukan secara konvensional menggunakan kertas. Pelaksanaan kegiatan voting yang dikelola oleh satu pihak atau organisasi membuat data hasil voting rentan manipulasi. Blockchain sebagai sebuah teknologi yang mampu menjaga keamanan data dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi kecurangan dalam proses voting. Data hasil voting dicatat di dalam blockchain, kemudian data tersebut didistribusikan ke banyak pihak. Data yang terdistribusi ini juga menghilangkan ketergantungan pada satu pihak mengenai data hasil voting. Makalah ini membahas penerapan sistem pencatatan voting menggunakan teknologi blockchain dan proses pendistribusian data tersebut dalam jaringan peer-to-peer. Pada sistem ini, TPS merupakan node pada jaringan yang akan mencatat, menandatangani, dan menyebarkan data voting di tempatnya ke node lain yang saling terhubung dalam jaringan peer-to-peer. Dengan begitu, salinan data hasil voting tiap node akan disimpan di semua node. Selain itu, hasil voting dapat dilihat secara real-time dan membuat proses penghitungan hasil voting menjadi lebih cepat.
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Cassel, Carol A. "Hispanic Turnout: Estimates from Validated Voting Data." Political Research Quarterly 55, no. 2 (June 2002): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3088058.

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Tsai, Rung-Ching. "Structural equation modeling of approval voting data." Behavior Research Methods 42, no. 3 (August 2010): 798–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/brm.42.3.798.

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Krilavičius, Tomas, and Antanas Žilinskas. "On Structural Analysis of Parliamentarian Voting Data." Informatica 19, no. 3 (January 1, 2008): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/informatica.2008.219.

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Brown, Philip J., and Clive D. Payne. "Aggregate Data, Ecological Regression, and Voting Transitions." Journal of the American Statistical Association 81, no. 394 (June 1986): 452–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1986.10478290.

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Cassel, Carol A. "Hispanic Turnout: Estimates from Validated Voting Data." Political Research Quarterly 55, no. 2 (June 2002): 391–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591290205500206.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Voting data"

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陳志昌 and Chee-cheong Chan. "Compositional data analysis of voting patterns." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977236.

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Chan, Chee-cheong. "Compositional data analysis of voting patterns." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13787160.

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Dimitriadou, Evgenia, Andreas Weingessel, and Kurt Hornik. "Fuzzy voting in clustering." SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/742/1/document.pdf.

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In this paper we present a fuzzy voting scheme for cluster algorithms. This fuzzy voting method allows us to combine several runs of cluster algorithms resulting in a common fuzzy partition. This helps us to overcome instabilities of the cluster algorithms and results in a better clustering.
Series: Report Series SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"
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Riemann, Robert. "Towards Trustworthy Online Voting : Distributed Aggregation of Confidential Data." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN099/document.

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L’agrégation des valeurs qui doivent être gardées confidentielles tout en garantissant la robustesse du processus et l’exactitude du résultat est nécessaire pour un nombre croissant d’applications. Divers types d’enquêtes, telles que les examens médicaux, les référendums, les élections, ainsi que les nouveaux services de Internet of Things, tels que la domotique, nécessitent l’agrégation de données confidentielles. En général,la confidentialité est assurée sur la base de tiers de confiance ou des promesses de cryptographie, dont les capacités ne peuvent être évaluées sans expertise.L’ambition de cette thèse est de réduire le besoin de confiance dans les autorités, de même que la technologie, et d’explorer les méthodes d’agrégations de données à grande échelle, qui garantissent un degré élevé de confidentialité et ne dépendent ni de tiers de confiance ni de cryptographie. Inspiré par BitTorrent et Bitcoin, les protocoles P2P sont considérés. La première contribution de cette thèse est l’extension du protocole d’agrégation distribuée BitBallot dans le but de couvrir les agrégations dans les réseaux P2P comprenant des pairs adversaires avec un comportement défaillant ou byzantin. Les changements introduits permettent éventuellement de maintenir un résultat précis en présence d’une minorité adversaire. Les limites de scalabilité rencontrées conduisent à la deuxième contribution dans le but de soutenir les agrégations à grande échelle. Inspiré par BitBallot et BitTorrent, un nouveau protocole distribué appelé ADVOKAT est proposé.Dans les deux protocoles, les pairs sont affectés aux noeuds feuilles d’un réseau de superposition d’une structure arborescente qui détermine le calcul des agrégats intermédiaires et restreint l’échange de données. La partition des données et du calcul entre un réseau de pairs équipotent limite le risque de violation de données et réduit le besoin de confiance dans les autorités. Les protocoles fournissent une couche middleware dont la flexibilité est démontrée par les applications de vote et de loterie
Aggregation of values that need to be kept confidential while guaranteeing the robustness of the process and the correctness of the result is necessary for an increasing number of applications. Various kinds of surveys, such as medical ones, opinion polls, referendums, elections, as well as new services of the Internet of Things, such as home automation, require the aggregation of confidential data. In general, the confidentiality is ensured on the basis of trusted third parties or promises of cryptography, whose capacities cannot be assessed without expert knowledge.The ambition of this thesis is to reduce the need for trust in both authorities and technology and explore methods for large-scale data aggregations, that ensure a high degree of confidentiality and rely neither on trusted third parties nor solely on cryptography. Inspired by BitTorrent and Bitcoin, P2P protocols are considered.The first contribution of this thesis is the extension of the distributed aggregation protocol BitBallot with the objective to cover aggregations in P2P networks comprising adversarial peers with fail-stop or Byzantine behaviour. The introduced changes allow eventually to maintain an accurate result in presence of an adversarial minority.The encountered scalability limitations lead to the second contribution with the objective to support large-scale aggregations. Inspired by both BitBallot and BitTorrent, a novel distributed protocol called ADVOKAT is proposed.In both protocols, peers are assigned to leaf nodes of a tree overlay network which determines the computation of intermediate aggregates and restricts the exchange of data. The partition of data and computation among a network of equipotent peers limits the potential for data breaches and reduces the need for trust in authorities. The protocols provide a middleware layer whose flexibility is demonstrated by voting and lottery applications
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Uminsky, David. "Generalized Spectral Analysis for Large Sets of Approval Voting Data." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2003. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_theses/157.

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Generalized Spectral analysis of approval voting data uses representation theory and the symmetry of the data to project the approval voting data into orthogonal and interpretable subspaces. Unfortunately, as the number of voters grows, the data space becomes prohibitively large to compute the decomposition of the data vector. To attack these large data sets we develop a method to partition the data set into equivalence classes, in order to drastically reduce the size of the space while retaining the necessary characteristics of the data set. We also make progress on the needed statistical tools to explain the results of the spectral analysis. The standard spectral analysis will be demonstrated, and our partitioning technique is applied to U.S. Senate roll call data.
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Nielsen, Niels Bech. "Using electronic voting systems data outside lectures to support learning." Connect to e-thesis. Move to record for print version, 2007. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/46/.

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Thesis (MSc. (R)) - University of Glasgow, 2007.
MSc. (R) thesis submitted to the Department of Computing Science, Faculty of Information and Mathematical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 2007. Includes bibliographical references.
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John, Shirley Diane. "The analysis of House of Commons' division list data." Thesis, University of Bath, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235796.

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Deng, Lin. "Mining user preference using SPY voting for search engine personalization /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?COMP%202006%20DENG.

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Thomas, Michael Kyle. "Implementation of the Security-Dependability Adaptive Voting Scheme." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32542.

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As the world moves further into the 21st century, the electricity demand worldwide continues to rapidly grow. The power systems that supply this growing demand continue to be pushed closer to their limits. When those limits are exceeded, system blackouts occur that have massive societal and economical impact. Power system protection relays make up a piece of these limits and can be important factors in preventing or causing a system blackout. The purpose of this thesis is to present a working implementation of an adaptive protection scheme known as the adaptive voting scheme, used to alter the security/dependability balance of protection schemes. It is argued that as power system conditions change, the ability of protection relays to adjust the security/dependability balance based on those conditions can allow relays to play a part in preventing power system catastrophes. It is shown that the adaptive voting scheme can be implemented on existing protection technology given Wide Area Measurements (WAMs) provided by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The proposed implementation characteristics allow numerous existing protection practices to be used without changing the basic operation of the practices.
Master of Science
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Barrows, Sam George. "Political Responses to Educational Performance Data." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13065019.

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Researchers have found considerable evidence that information about school performance affects people's choices about which schools to send their children to and even where to live. In contrast, little attention has been paid to the effects of school performance information on people's political behavior. Yet Hirschman (1970) famously highlighted the importance of taking seriously not only economic forces, but also the role of "political mechanisms", that is, "non-market forces" or "voice", in analyzing people's responses to school performance and the implications of these responses for school outcomes. This dissertation explores the effect of information about student and school performance on people's political attitudes and behavior. I first present findings from an original dataset of school board elections in Florida that indicate that voters fail to punish school board incumbents in response to information signaling poor school performance. There is even evidence that voters sometimes reward incumbents for failure. I next analyze a dataset that links student test scores in England to a subsequent survey, and find that that informational signals about individual student performance can have long−lasting effects on parental behavior. Finally, I analyze the results of a survey experiment administered to a nationally representative sample of Americans, and find that information about the relative performance of local schools depresses average perceptions of local school quality and increases support for school reforms.
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Books on the topic "Voting data"

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Füle, Erika. Ecological inference on voting data. Lund: Dept. of Statistics, University of Lund, 1994.

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Gow, David John. Electoral behaviour: Introduction to theories, methods, and data. Canberra: Australian Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1992.

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Valgopgørelsesudvalget, Denmark Indenrigsministeriet. Valg og edb: Betænkning. [Copenhagen]: Indenrigsministeriet, 1993.

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Saltman, Roy G. Accuracy, integrity, and security in computerized vote-tallying. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1988.

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Saltman, Roy G. Accuracy, integrity, and security in computerized vote-tallying. Washington, D.C: National Bureau of Standards, 1988.

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Luxembourg), VOTE-ID 2009 (2009 University of. E-voting and identity: Second international conference, VOTE-ID 2009, Luxembourg, September 7-8, 2009 proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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1957-, Ryan Peter, and Schoenmakers Berry, eds. E-voting and identity: Second international conference, VOTE-ID 2009, Luxembourg, September 7-8, 2009 proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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Luxembourg), VOTE-ID 2009 (2009 University of. E-voting and identity: Second international conference, VOTE-ID 2009, Luxembourg, September 7-8, 2009 proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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Great Britain. Working Group on Automated Vote Counting. Report of the Working Group on Automated Vote Counting. [London]: Home Office, 1994.

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New York State Temporary Commission on Voting Machine Equipment and Voter Registration Systems. The report. [New York, N.Y: The Commission, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Voting data"

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Zhang, Bingsheng, and Hong-Sheng Zhou. "Statement Voting." In Financial Cryptography and Data Security, 667–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32101-7_38.

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Rodríguez-Pérez, Adrià. "My Vote, My (Personal) Data: Remote Electronic Voting and the General Data Protection Regulation." In Electronic Voting, 167–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60347-2_11.

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Passarelli, Gianluca. "Hypotheses, Data, and Methodology." In Preferential Voting Systems, 59–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25286-1_2.

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Zhu, Shanfeng, Qizhi Fang, Xiaotie Deng, and Weiming Zheng. "Metasearch via Voting." In Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning, 734–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45080-1_98.

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Das, Suman Kumar, Soumyabrata Saha, and Suparna DasGupta. "Decentralized Voting: A Blockchain-Based Voting System." In Studies in Autonomic, Data-driven and Industrial Computing, 33–45. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7305-4_3.

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Ehin, Piret, and Mihkel Solvak. "Party Cues and Trust in Remote Internet Voting: Data from Estonia 2005–2019." In Electronic Voting, 75–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86942-7_6.

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Boyd, Colin, Thomas Haines, and Peter B. Rønne. "Vote Selling Resistant Voting." In Financial Cryptography and Data Security, 345–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54455-3_25.

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Akula, Abhilash, Jeshwanth Ega, Kalyan Thota, and Gowtham. "Biometric Voting System." In Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, 231–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24643-3_28.

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Volkamer, Melanie. "Electronic Voting in Germany." In Data Protection in a Profiled World, 177–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8865-9_10.

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Elkind, Edith, and Helger Lipmaa. "Small Coalitions Cannot Manipulate Voting." In Financial Cryptography and Data Security, 285–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11507840_25.

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Conference papers on the topic "Voting data"

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Djanali, Supeno, Baskoro Adi Pratomo, Karsono Puguh Nindyo Cipto, Astandro Koesriputranto, and Hudan Studiawan. "Design and development of voting data security for electronic voting (E-Voting)." In 2016 4th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoict.2016.7571928.

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Behar, Rachel, and Sara Cohen. "Representative Query Results by Voting." In SIGMOD/PODS '22: International Conference on Management of Data. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3514221.3517858.

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Zhu, Yan, Melody Moh, and Teng-Sheng Moh. "Multi-layer text classification with voting for consumer reviews." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2016.7840821.

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Tan, Xinlan, Zaid Shaikh, Alice Mello, and Fiona Creed. "The UN General Assembly Voting Coincidence and Clustering Analysis." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata52589.2021.9671587.

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Guo, Lei, Hongzhi Yin, Qinyong Wang, Bin Cui, Zi Huang, and Lizhen Cui. "Group Recommendation with Latent Voting Mechanism." In 2020 IEEE 36th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icde48307.2020.00018.

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Hyvonen, Ville, Teemu Pitkanen, Sotiris Tasoulis, Elias Jaasaari, Risto Tuomainen, Liang Wang, Jukka Corander, and Teemu Roos. "Fast nearest neighbor search through sparse random projections and voting." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2016.7840682.

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Yuan, Jing, Yu Zheng, Chengyang Zhang, Xing Xie, and Guang-Zhong Sun. "An Interactive-Voting Based Map Matching Algorithm." In 2010 Eleventh International Conference on Mobile Data Management. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mdm.2010.14.

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Rodrig, Maya, and Anthony LaMarca. "Decentralized weighted voting for P2P data management." In the 3rd ACM international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/940923.940939.

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Chen, Yu, Jian Cao, and Pinglei Guo. "CPU Load Prediction Based on a Multidimensional Spatial Voting Model." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Data Intensive Systems (DSDIS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dsdis.2015.100.

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Hsieh, Yu-Tung, Chuan-Yu Lee, Ching-Chi Lin, Pangfeng Liu, and Jan-Jan Wu. "A Bicameralism Voting Framework for Combining Knowledge from Clients into Better Prediction." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata47090.2019.9005528.

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Reports on the topic "Voting data"

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Chen, M. Keith, Kareem Haggag, Devin Pope, and Ryne Rohla. Racial Disparities in Voting Wait Times: Evidence from Smartphone Data. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26487.

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Facchini, Giovanni, Brian Knight, and Cecilia Testa. The Franchise, Policing, and Race: Evidence from Arrests Data and the Voting Rights Act. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27463.

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Scartascini, Carlos, and Razvan Vlaicu. Research Insights: Are Young Latin American Voters Politically Engaged? Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003571.

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Data on political engagement of newly eligible young voters in 34 countries during 2004-2016 indicate that voting eligibility is associated with higher political engagement, casting doubt on the view that voters are rationally ignorant. Voting eligibility is associated with higher political interest, more discussion of political issues and attendance of political meetings, and more political knowledge. These effects are stronger in countries with enforced mandatory voting. The increase in political engagement is larger closer to the prior election, and it is driven by the engagement of eligible voters, implying that young voters acquire political information in anticipation of elections rather than ex post.
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Keefer, Philip, and Razvan Vlaicu. Voting Age, Information Experiments, and Political Engagement: Evidence from a General Election. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004648.

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We exploit new experimental and quasi-experimental data to investigate voters' intrinsic motivation to engage politically. Does having the right to vote increase engagement or, given significant incentives to free ride, do eligible voters remain rationally unengaged? Does knowledge that ones group is pivotal reduce free riding? And are the politically engaged influenced by election-relevant policy information in the run-up to a major election? To address these questions, we fielded an original survey of 5,400 Mexican high school seniors just prior to the historic 2018 general election. Age-based regression discontinuity results show that the just-eligible score higher on measures of low-cost political engagement compared to the just-ineligible. A first survey experiment reveals that information that the youth vote will be pivotal increases the eligible respondents' interest in the presidential debate and in the election result. In the second experiment, information about current policy outcomes affects future policy priorities in ways consistent with the incentives of eligible respondents to collect relevant information on salient policy issues.
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5

Lalisse, Matthias. Measuring the Impact of Campaign Finance on Congressional Voting: A Machine Learning Approach. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp178.

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How much does money drive legislative outcomes in the United States? In this article, we use aggregated campaign finance data as well as a Transformer based text embedding model to predict roll call votes for legislation in the US Congress with more than 90% accuracy. In a series of model comparisons in which the input feature sets are varied, we investigate the extent to which campaign finance is predictive of voting behavior in comparison with variables like partisan affiliation. We find that the financial interests backing a legislator’s campaigns are independently predictive in both chambers of Congress, but also uncover a sizable asymmetry between the Senate and the House of Representatives. These findings are cross-referenced with a Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) linking legislators’ financial and voting records, in which we show that “legislators who vote together get paid together”, again discovering an asymmetry between the House and the Senate in the additional predictive power of campaign finance once party is accounted for. We suggest an explanation of these facts in terms of Thomas Ferguson’s Investment Theory of Party Competition: due to a number of structural differences between the House and Senate, but chiefly the lower amortized cost of obtaining individuated influence with Senators, political investors prefer operating on the House using the party as a proxy.
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Lucas, Brian. Lessons Learned about Political Inclusion of Refugees. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.114.

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Most refugees and other migrants have limited opportunities to participate in politics to inform and influence the policies that affect them daily; they have limited voting rights and generally lack effective alternative forms of representation such as consultative bodies (Solano & Huddleston, 2020a, p. 33). Political participation is ‘absent (or almost absent) from integration strategies’ in Eastern European countries, while refugees and other migrants in Western Europe do enjoy significant local voting rights, stronger consultative bodies, more funding for immigrant organisations and greater support from mainstream organisations (Solano & Huddleston, 2020a, p. 33).This rapid review seeks to find out what lessons have been learned about political inclusion of refugees, particularly in European countries.In general, there appears to be limited evidence about the effectiveness of attempts to support the political participation of migrants/refugees. ‘The engagement of refugees and asylum-seekers in the political activities of their host countries is highly understudied’ (Jacobi, 2021, p. 3) and ‘the effects that integration policies have on immigrants’ representation remains an under-explored field’ (Petrarca, 2015, p. 9). The evidence that is available often comes from sources that cover the entire population or ethnic minorities without specifically targeting refugees or migrants, are biased towards samples of immigrants who are long-established in the host country and may not be representative of immigrant populations, or focus only on voting behaviour and neglect other forms of political participation (Bilodeau, 2016, pp. 30–31). Statistical data on refugees and integration policy areas and indicators is often weak or absent (Hopkins, 2013, pp. 9, 28–32, 60). Data may not distinguish clearly among refugees and other types of migrants by immigration status, origin country, or length of stay in the host country; may not allow correlating data collected during different time periods with policies in place during those periods and preceding periods; and may fail to collect a range of relevant migrant-specific social and demographic characteristics (Bilgili et al., 2015, pp. 22–23; Hopkins, 2013, p. 28).
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Engel, Bernard, Yael Edan, James Simon, Hanoch Pasternak, and Shimon Edelman. Neural Networks for Quality Sorting of Agricultural Produce. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613033.bard.

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The objectives of this project were to develop procedures and models, based on neural networks, for quality sorting of agricultural produce. Two research teams, one in Purdue University and the other in Israel, coordinated their research efforts on different aspects of each objective utilizing both melons and tomatoes as case studies. At Purdue: An expert system was developed to measure variances in human grading. Data were acquired from eight sensors: vision, two firmness sensors (destructive and nondestructive), chlorophyll from fluorescence, color sensor, electronic sniffer for odor detection, refractometer and a scale (mass). Data were analyzed and provided input for five classification models. Chlorophyll from fluorescence was found to give the best estimation for ripeness stage while the combination of machine vision and firmness from impact performed best for quality sorting. A new algorithm was developed to estimate and minimize training size for supervised classification. A new criteria was established to choose a training set such that a recurrent auto-associative memory neural network is stabilized. Moreover, this method provides for rapid and accurate updating of the classifier over growing seasons, production environments and cultivars. Different classification approaches (parametric and non-parametric) for grading were examined. Statistical methods were found to be as accurate as neural networks in grading. Classification models by voting did not enhance the classification significantly. A hybrid model that incorporated heuristic rules and either a numerical classifier or neural network was found to be superior in classification accuracy with half the required processing of solely the numerical classifier or neural network. In Israel: A multi-sensing approach utilizing non-destructive sensors was developed. Shape, color, stem identification, surface defects and bruises were measured using a color image processing system. Flavor parameters (sugar, acidity, volatiles) and ripeness were measured using a near-infrared system and an electronic sniffer. Mechanical properties were measured using three sensors: drop impact, resonance frequency and cyclic deformation. Classification algorithms for quality sorting of fruit based on multi-sensory data were developed and implemented. The algorithms included a dynamic artificial neural network, a back propagation neural network and multiple linear regression. Results indicated that classification based on multiple sensors may be applied in real-time sorting and can improve overall classification. Advanced image processing algorithms were developed for shape determination, bruise and stem identification and general color and color homogeneity. An unsupervised method was developed to extract necessary vision features. The primary advantage of the algorithms developed is their ability to learn to determine the visual quality of almost any fruit or vegetable with no need for specific modification and no a-priori knowledge. Moreover, since there is no assumption as to the type of blemish to be characterized, the algorithm is capable of distinguishing between stems and bruises. This enables sorting of fruit without knowing the fruits' orientation. A new algorithm for on-line clustering of data was developed. The algorithm's adaptability is designed to overcome some of the difficulties encountered when incrementally clustering sparse data and preserves information even with memory constraints. Large quantities of data (many images) of high dimensionality (due to multiple sensors) and new information arriving incrementally (a function of the temporal dynamics of any natural process) can now be processed. Furhermore, since the learning is done on-line, it can be implemented in real-time. The methodology developed was tested to determine external quality of tomatoes based on visual information. An improved model for color sorting which is stable and does not require recalibration for each season was developed for color determination. Excellent classification results were obtained for both color and firmness classification. Results indicted that maturity classification can be obtained using a drop-impact and a vision sensor in order to predict the storability and marketing of harvested fruits. In conclusion: We have been able to define quantitatively the critical parameters in the quality sorting and grading of both fresh market cantaloupes and tomatoes. We have been able to accomplish this using nondestructive measurements and in a manner consistent with expert human grading and in accordance with market acceptance. This research constructed and used large databases of both commodities, for comparative evaluation and optimization of expert system, statistical and/or neural network models. The models developed in this research were successfully tested, and should be applicable to a wide range of other fruits and vegetables. These findings are valuable for the development of on-line grading and sorting of agricultural produce through the incorporation of multiple measurement inputs that rapidly define quality in an automated manner, and in a manner consistent with the human graders and inspectors.
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