Journal articles: 'Voluntary simplifiers'

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Craig-Lees, Margaret, and Constance Hill. "Understanding voluntary simplifiers." Psychology and Marketing 19, no. 2 (January 17, 2002): 187–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.10009.

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Zamwel, Einat, Orna Sasson-Levy, and Guy Ben-Porat. "Voluntary simplifiers as political consumers: Individuals practicing politics through reduced consumption." Journal of Consumer Culture 14, no. 2 (March 20, 2014): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540514526277.

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This article seeks to contribute to the discourse on the politicization of voluntary simplifiers’ consumption patterns. Some scholars argue that voluntary simplifiers’ consumption practices are individualistic and escapist in nature, and therefore cannot be defined as political, and that they are likely to become such only if they organize for collective action. Conversely, we argue that voluntary simplifiers’ lifestyle is an individual political choice that should be analyzed using theories of political consumption. This article, based on interviews with voluntary simplifiers in Israel, identifies four characteristics of voluntary simplifiers that attest to their political nature: (1) multidimensional political discourse, (2) embracement of a holistic and uncompromising lifestyle of simplicity, (3) lifestyle changes as ongoing political process, and (4) the desire to exert influence. We therefore argue that voluntary simplifiers are not only political, but they represent a clear-cut instance of noninstitutionalized political activity realized through individual practices in the private realm.

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Rahman, Mohammad Ataur. "Purchase Intension of Second Hand Product that Unconsciously Move toward Voluntary Simplicity: A Netnographic Observation from Sweden and Bangladesh." American Journal of Trade and Policy 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v5i1.430.

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Voluntary simplicity is one of the desired lifestyle that modern consumers wants to live. But, becoming voluntary simplifiers is not an easy task. There are several ways of becoming voluntary simplifiers and one of the common way is buying second hand products. Purchase intension of second hand consumers is maintained by consumers’ conscious and unconscious mind. Unconscious mind mainly decide whether a consumer will go for the second hand product or not? In this study, consumers of Sweden and Bangladesh has been focused to check their purchase intension of second hand product that unconsciously move them to become voluntary simplifiers. From the Netnographic observation, it has been found that, Bangladeshi consumers are more voluntary simplifiers than that of Swedish consumers because of their unconscious mind.

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Walther, Carol S., Jennifer A. Sandlin, and Kristi Wuensch. "Voluntary Simplifiers, Spirituality, and Happiness." Humanity & Society 40, no. 1 (January 8, 2015): 22–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160597614565698.

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Kraisornsuthasinee, Suthisak, and Fredric William Swierczek. "Beyond consumption: the promising contribution of voluntary simplicity." Social Responsibility Journal 14, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 80–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-02-2017-0029.

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Purpose Greater contribution of voluntary simplicity to sustainability may extend beyond the scope of consumption behavior. This paper aims to argue that work behavior is also important and it explores how and why personal consumption of the voluntary simplifiers relates to the way they work. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study uses in-depth interviews to explore the consumption–work experience relationship and driving values of voluntary simplifiers. Thailand is the chosen context, as it represents an emerging economy aiming to converge economic growth and sufficiency. Findings The findings demonstrate that, driven mainly by contentment and integrity, simple living complements leisurely, meaningful and, most intriguingly, ethical work. In return, such work behavior provides enough earnings and fulfills the beginners, as well as the progressive and extensive simplifiers. Research limitations/implications The consumption–work relationship model of the voluntary simplifiers provides an alternative starting point for further research and practice to tackle overconsumption, inequality, inequity and corruption – the critical challenges of sustainability. Originality/value This research takes a more complete approach to study the voluntary simplifiers. The empirical results demonstrate the greater scope of voluntary simplicity literature beyond sustainable consumption and work–life balance. Based on the consumption–work relationship driven mainly by contentment and integrity, this paper proposes meaningful and ethical work as the promising contribution of voluntary simplicity to sustainability.

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McDonald, Seonaidh, Caroline J. Oates, C. William Young, and Kumju Hwang. "Toward sustainable consumption: Researching voluntary simplifiers." Psychology and Marketing 23, no. 6 (2006): 515–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.20132.

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Balsa-Budai, Nikolett, Marietta Kiss, Bence Kovács, and Zoltán Szakály. "Attitudes of Voluntary Simplifier University Students in Hungary." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 25, 2019): 1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061802.

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The Lifestyle of Voluntary Simplicity (LOVOS) segment is composed of consumers who attempt to achieve sustainable consumption. The segment has been examined by only a few research studies so far, and none of them were conducted among Hungarian consumers. Therefore, the aim of our exploratory research is to examine the occurrence of the LOVOS consumer group among university students from Debrecen, Hungary. To achieve our aim, we first identified the five main value groups of the LOVOS lifestyle with an expert focus group interview. Based on the interview, a questionnaire survey was conducted among university students from Debrecen (N = 500). Based on the results, four value-based segments were identified, of which the Voluntary simplifiers’ cluster (39.6% of respondents) reflected the characteristics of the LOVOS lifestyle to the greatest extent. Based on the literature, it seemed necessary to segment this group further in terms of their commitment to individual values. As a result, three further clusters were created, of which, the Holistic simplifiers’ group (9.8% of respondents) showed the greatest commitment to the values of the LOVOS lifestyle. We concluded that the characteristics of voluntary simplifiers have already appeared among university students from Debrecen, but further research is needed to reveal the value orientation of the whole of Hungarian society.

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Peyer, Mathias, Ingo Balderjahn, Barbara Seegebarth, and Alexandra Klemm. "The role of sustainability in profiling voluntary simplifiers." Journal of Business Research 70 (January 2017): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.07.008.

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Ballantine, Paul W., and Sam Creery. "The consumption and disposition behaviour of voluntary simplifiers." Journal of Consumer Behaviour 9, no. 1 (January 2010): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cb.302.

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Cua, Francisco Chia, and Steve Reames. "Why Technologists Resist Negative Change." International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change 3, no. 4 (October 2012): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jissc.2012100106.

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This paper is a critical and non-empirical review of innovation resistance and anti-consumption: the concepts, concerns, conflicts, and convergence. Both resistances to innovation and anti-consumptions converge to one another which influence the opinions (i.e., market mavens) of the market segment or non-adopters (voluntary simplifiers). Voluntary simplifiers or non-adopters represent over fifty percent (50%) of the market segment. This paper focuses on the embedded (hidden) assumptions of the resistance to innovation and anti-consumption and describes how the two concepts are different. When both converge, the exact reasons in favor of action will occur. The paper concludes that the technologist can adapt to negative change if they better understand why non-adopters resist innovation and consume products against their better judgment.

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Rebouças, Raquel, and Ana Maria Soares. "The consumption behaviour of beginner voluntary simplifiers: an exploratory study." J. for Global Business Advancement 14, no. 4 (2021): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/jgba.2021.118751.

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Soares, Ana Maria, and Raquel Rebouças. "The consumption behaviour of beginner voluntary simplifiers: an exploratory study." J. for Global Business Advancement 14, no. 4 (2021): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/jgba.2021.10041749.

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Pashkevich, Vladimir. "Voluntary Simplicity and Materialism: Different Cognitive and Attitudinal Drivers and Different Effects on Self-Brand Connections." International Review of Business and Economics 3, no. 1 (2019): 11–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.56902/irbe.2019.3.1.4.

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Although "simple" brands encouraging mindfulness and favoring minimalism are becoming popular at rapidly increasing rates, the relationship between consumer materialism or voluntary simplicity (VS) ideology and formation of consumer self/brand connections after exposure to the ads with materialistic or VS theme has not been studies and directly compared. The process underlying the formation of self/brand connections has not being empirically tested either. This paper addresses these gaps in the literature by using an experimental approach. The findings indicate that after exposure to the ad with VS (but not materialistic) appeal, voluntary simplifiers form strong bonds with the brand. On the other hand, materialistic consumers form strong self/brand connections when exposed to the ads with both materialistic and VS appeals. The findings show that both high materialists and simplifiers form brand connections when exposed to the ads with VS appeal, but for fundamentally different reasons. Materialism fosters self-brand connections by evoking thoughts about wisdom and good life, while voluntary simplicity fosters self-brand connections by evoking ad-related nostalgic thoughts and thoughts about equality. The results have important implications for brand managers trying to forge strong brand connections while targeting segments of consumers with different values.

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McGouran, Cathy, and Andrea Prothero. "Enacted voluntary simplicity – exploring the consequences of requesting consumers to intentionally consume less." European Journal of Marketing 50, no. 1/2 (February 8, 2016): 189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-09-2013-0521.

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Purpose – This paper aims to explore the impact intentional non-consumption has on consumer practices, the resulting consumption experiences and meanings attached to the actions of participants and what is learned from this relative to voluntary simplicity, most specifically when participants are asked to become voluntary simplifiers versus volunteering to do so. Design/methodology/approach – A phenomenological approach was applied utilising unstructured interviews and autoethnography. Data were analysed through the theoretical lens of voluntary simplicity within the contexts of contemporary Irish consumer culture and the collapse of the Celtic Tiger. Findings – The study highlights findings in four key areas: self-imposed parameters of intentional non-consumption and subsequent voluntary simplicity categories; motivations, practices and experiences of participants; the role intentional non-consumption plays relative to personal satisfaction, fulfilment and happiness; and how participant consumption practices reverted to “normal” once the study was complete. Research limitations/implications – This study focuses on an all-female group of participants; future research is warranted that explores the issue from a male perspective. Social implications – Findings are of particular interest to policy makers seeking to develop initiatives that reduce consumption practices and contribute to discussions that explore the role of consumption in modern society – in particular the wide-ranging debate on whether consumption leads to happiness and how consumers might be persuaded to consume in a more sustainable manner. Originality/value – This study adopts an innovative methodology that explores voluntary simplicity and contributes to an understanding of consumption culture by exploring what happens when consumers are asked to reduce their consumption and become voluntary simplifiers. An extension of Huneke’s definition of voluntary simplicity is offered, which recognises the role non-material consumption plays in consumption practices, and explores voluntary simplicity relative not only to individuals’ values and beliefs, as discussed in the literature, but also to their lifestyle activities and wider sociocultural and institutional factors.

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Dellech Debabi, Dorsaf, Khaled Guesmi, and Jean-Michel Sahut. "The attitude of voluntary simplifiers as a vector of behavioral differentiation." Gestion 2000 35, no. 5 (2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/g2000.355.0103.

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Perea, Céline, and Cédric Masclet. "Designing products for material simplifiers: antinomy or prospective for design?" Proceedings of the Design Society 4 (May 2024): 1409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2024.143.

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AbstractConsidering the growing change towards material simplicity of consumers which consists in rejecting the consumer society by decreasing material needs and their consumption we interrogate in this research the possibility of products to support its transition of consumers. We address in a matrix product characteristics adaptation to pathways of consumers stemming from non-voluntary to radical disadopters. The main question of this work interrogates how products can address the disadoption/material simplicity phenomenon.

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Pelikán, Vojtěch, Lucie Galčanová, and Lukáš Kala. "Ecological habitus intergenerationally reproduced: The children of Czech ‘voluntary simplifiers’ and their lifestyle." Journal of Consumer Culture 20, no. 4 (November 22, 2017): 419–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540517736560.

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The intergenerational reproduction of values and lifestyles has been at the centre of attention for the social sciences for several decades. However, only rarely has this topic been examined from the perspective of environmentally friendly lifestyles. In this article, we build on unique longitudinal research that includes generations of parents and children from Czech ‘voluntarily simple’ families. Drawing on sociological theories of consumption and the Bourdieusian concept of habitus, we deal with the question of whether and how the intergenerational transmission of eco-habitus emerges. The original research with the parents – called ‘the Colourful’ – was conducted by the Czech sociologist Hana Librová in 1992, 2002 and 2015. We participated in the third wave, conducting 12 in-depth interviews with the Colourful and supplementing it with 21 interviews with their adult children, focusing on how they look back on their childhood and in what respect their lifestyles and attitudes differ from those of their parents. We describe the reproduction of the Colourful’s habitus and identify the main lines of influence that may play a role in this process: positive reflections on a non-affluent childhood, awareness of the values behind simplicity, a liberal model of upbringing, the higher cultural capital of the families, the family atmosphere, religiosity and diverse experiences among siblings related to their birth order. We show that while for the Colourful it was typical to revolt against parents, their own habitus has been reproduced relatively successfully.

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Balderjahn, Ingo, Barbara Seegebarth, and Michael S. W. Lee. "Less is more! The rationale behind the decision-making style of voluntary simplifiers." Journal of Cleaner Production 284 (February 2021): 124802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124802.

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Rich, Stacey A., Sharon Hanna, and Bradley J. Wright. "Simply Satisfied: The Role of Psychological Need Satisfaction in the Life Satisfaction of Voluntary Simplifiers." Journal of Happiness Studies 18, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10902-016-9718-0.

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Eimermann, Marco, Urban Lindgren, and Linda Lundmark. "Nuancing Holistic Simplicity in Sweden: A Statistical Exploration of Consumption, Age and Gender." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 26, 2021): 8340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158340.

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Studies of sustainable ways of life have hitherto made limited use of register data since, e.g., voluntary simplicity is usually identified through characteristics that cannot be found in data registers. Despite this, claims about these trends have been made in many countries, at times generalising the phenomena both in academia and media, based on anecdotal examples. This article draws on a quantifiable definition of holistic simplicity that includes certain fully measurable aspects, such as living in more affluent suburbs, moving to less affluent places and a significant reduction in individual work income. Other aspects are partially observable in register data, such as housing and car consumption. The advantage of this study is that it combines relevant theories around voluntary simplicity with register data that capture important characteristics of the entire national population (in this case, in Sweden) and thus, to some extent, also captures the magnitude of the phenomena. The article aims to statistically explore different demographic groups’ probability of becoming holistic simplifiers in Sweden, regarding their consumption, gender and age. It discusses opportunities and limitations for advancing our knowledge on voluntary simplicity in Sweden, with current findings suggesting more of the same consumption patterns and only initial paths to degrowth. This is discussed in the context of individuals’ agency in a state such as Sweden, which is changing from collectivist social democratic values to more neo-liberal conditions.

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Garcia-Ruiz, Pablo, and Carlos Rodriguez-Lluesma. "Consumption Practices: A Virtue Ethics Approach." Business Ethics Quarterly 24, no. 4 (October 2014): 509–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/beq20147313.

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ABSTRACT:Ethical research on consumption has focused mainly on the obligations, principles and values guiding consumers' actions and reasons for action. In doing so, it has concerned itself mostly with such bounded contexts as voluntary simplifiers, anti-consumption movements or so-called ‘ethical consumers,’ thereby fostering an artificial opposition between ethical and non-ethical consumption. This paper proposes virtue ethics as a more apt conceptual framework for the ethical analysis of consumption because it takes into account the developmental dynamic triggered by engagement in consumption practices. We build on MacIntyre's goods-virtues-practices-institutions framework and Beabout's concept of a domain-relative practice and argue that when engaging in consumption activities, agents may pursue goods internal to practices, further their individual life narratives and contribute to the good of their communities, thus developing virtues that perfect themselves both as consumers and as ethical agents.

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Ergen, Ahu, Filiz Bozkurt, and Caner Giray. "Activism: A Strong Predictor of Proactive Environmentally Friendly Buying Behavior in Turkey." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) 3, no. 1 (January 9, 2016): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v3i1.93.

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<p>The market for environmentally friendly products in Turkey is growing, and marketing experts are trying to understand the behavior of the consumers in this market with the help of variables such as demographic factors, information, attitudes, values and life styles. This study analyzes the effects of environmental activism, environmental knowledge and the perceived seriousness of environmental problems on green buying behavior. The study involved 516 Turkish consumers, over eighteen years of age. The results show that environmental activism, environmental knowledge and the perceived seriousness of environmental problems are all meaningful factors in environmentally friendly buying behavior. It was found that the most explanatory variables are environmental activism for proactive environmentally friendly buying behavior and the perceived seriousness of environmental problems for optional environmentally friendly buying behavior. The study is significant since it will offer insights for green marketing experts who especially target specific segments as activists, voluntary simplifiers or green consumers in Turkey.</p>

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Ergen, Ahu, Filiz Bozkurt Bekoglu, and Caner Giray. "Activism: A Strong Predictor of Proactive Environmentally Friendly Buying Behavior in Turkey." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 3, no. 1 (January 15, 2014): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v3i1.215.

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The market for environmentally friendly products in Turkey is growing, and marketing experts are trying to understand the behavior of the consumers in this market with the help of variables such as demographic factors, information, attitudes, values and life styles. This study analyzes the effects of environmental activism, environmental knowledge and the perceived seriousness of environmental problems on green buying behavior. The study involved 516 Turkish consumers, over eighteen years of age. The results show that environmental activism, environmental knowledge and the perceived seriousness of environmental problems are all meaningful factors in environmentally friendly buying behavior. It was found that the most explanatory variables are environmental activism for proactive environmentally friendly buying behavior and the perceived seriousness of environmental problems for optional environmentally friendly buying behavior. The study is significant since it will offer insights for green marketing experts who especially target specific segments as activists, voluntary simplifiers or green consumers in Turkey.

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Khamis, Susie. "The aestheticization of restraint: The popular appeal of de-cluttering after the global financial crisis." Journal of Consumer Culture 19, no. 4 (September 16, 2019): 513–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540519872071.

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The concept of consumer restraint has had a popular makeover. This is seen in the worldwide popularity of books, video tutorials and online discussion groups devoted to de-cluttering, and specifically the stunning success of professional organizer Marie Kondo and her best-selling book, The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying. De-cluttering sits on a broad continuum of alternative consumption that champions the benefits of consumer restraint, on multiple fronts: economic, environmental, psychological, and so on. Through Kondo, this is framed in positive, uplifting ways. This is distinct from the more critical, nuanced, or anti-consumerist rhetoric associated with more subversive advocates of alternative consumption, such as voluntary simplifiers or Occupy Wall Street. That said, just as the Occupy movement channeled growing frustration with how the reigning tenets of capitalist culture had shackled and misled the “99%,” de-cluttering finds cultural traction in the midst and wake of the Global Financial Crisis. Unlike Occupy though, Kondo’s appeal rests less on the logic and language of political economy than the more emotive vernacular of pop psychology. In this way, de-cluttering positions restraint as reflective of a highly developed and sophisticated sensibility, whereby individuals “own” their consumption choices and in turn craft carefully curated spaces. Therein lies the aestheticization of restraint: freed of any negative connotations (dour, miserly or miserable), the de-cluttered subject is autonomous, self-aware, and chic. Crucially, it also pivots on the slippery assumptions of the (new) neo liberal economy, which requires individuals to be agile, creative, and empowered.

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Ryu, Seunghwan, and Sanbae Choi. "The Effect of Simplified Manual Sign Intervention using Sensory Integration on the Communication Functions for Nonverbal Children." Special Education Research Institute 28, no. 2 (October 31, 2023): 145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.56460/kdps.2023.28.2.145.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of simplified manual sign intervention using sensory integration on communication using simplified manual sign and speech voluntarily in the initial communication function of nonverbal children. In the study, four nonverbal children aged 3 to 5 years were evaluated every time. The intervention was divided into introduction and development activities, and after the intervention, the evaluation was completed, and two simplified manual sign were divided into 1st and 2nd stages according to the 5 communication functions. Considering generalization, each communication function was evaluated by providing 10 opportunities for each simplified manual sign for communication (requiring, rejecting, answering, and naming) and one for greeting so that measurements were made in natural situations. As a result of the study, in simplified manual sign intervention using sensory integration, the simplified manual sign communication function was improved, and gradually used voluntary simplified manual sign to communicate. In the speech communication functions, individual differences were for each subject, but it showed improvement in children A and B, and vocalization appeared with simplified manual sign for the first time, and speech was gradually used as simplified manual sign and articulation increased. In this study, the challenge behavior of the subjects was reduced, improving attention concentration and creating an environment for communication, proving the effectiveness in communication using simplified manual sign and speech. This is meaningful that simplified manual sign intervention using sensory integration can serve as a foundation for creating manual signs and verbal communication.

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Rosenthal, R. R., and H. Howe. "Simplified Method for Eucapnic Voluntary Hyperventilation (EVH) Challenge." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 127, no. 2 (February 2011): AB10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.053.

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Besstremyannaya, G. E. "Informal taxes for the provision of public goods in Russian regions." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2019-1-124-134.

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The article studies the example of informal taxes in Russia — a phenomenon when citizens provide voluntary payments for financing local public goods. This so-called “self-taxation” has attracted attention in 2017 upon the adoption of the changes to the local government law, which simplified the procedure for local referendum. The article outlines institutional reasons for the emergence of this mechanism and its risks for Russia and other countries. The empirical analysis exploits the data by the Russian Statistical Agency and the Russian Treasury. Our results reveal a positive relationship between the coefficient of regional cofinancing of municipal projects and the growth in the share of voluntary payments in the non-tax revenues of local budgets. Therefore, self-taxation by citizens may be viewed as a signalling tool for enhancing the quality of local public goods.

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Berger, Alan L. "The Holocaust, Second-Generation Witness, and the Voluntary Covenant in American Judaism." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 5, no. 1 (1995): 23–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.1995.5.1.03a00020.

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Widespread discourse about the Holocaust entered American popular culture in the seventies in two main ways: a series of television shows that purportedly focused on the destruction of European Judaism and two books that dealt specifically with the children of survivors. The television miniseries, Gerald Green's Holocaust (1978), suited the national need for simplified history and melodrama. Moreover, given the American penchant for ethnic identifiers, Holocaust became known as the Jewish Roots. The networks soon aired other Holocaust programs, including Herman Wouk's far less commercially successful The Winds of War. The resultant Holocaust discourse was frequently poorly informed and historically naive. On the one hand, it reflected a tendency in Western culture to think that the Holocaust ended definitively in 1945. On the other hand, this discourse frequently neutralized the evil of nazism.

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Aditya, Chandrika. "The Presumptive Tax Regime on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia." Syntax Literate ; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 5, no. 6 (June 20, 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v5i6.1323.

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In July 2013, Indonesia implemented the presumptive tax regime on micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) by assigning Government Regulation No.46/2013. This regulation simplified the tax administration and provides tax cuts to MSMEs to help them grow and encourage voluntary tax compliance, which eventually will increase their contribution to state revenue. This study provides an analysis of the implementation of this new tax regime by comparing related literature on practices of this tax regime in many countries with the recent conditions in Indonesia after this regulation was applied. It seems that the new tax regime encourages voluntary tax compliance and stimulates the contribution of MSMEs to state revenue. However, some challenges, such as different definitions, lack of tax knowledge, impartiality to business losses, and the indication of tax avoidance must be overcome by the government by improving policies that favor MSMEs. Keywords: Indonesia, MSMEs, presumptive tax, threshold

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Rosenthal, R. "P205 Experience with a simplified eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (evh) device for diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchospasm." Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 119, no. 5 (November 2017): S50—S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2017.08.243.

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Li, Simon SW, and Daniel HK Chow. "Modified electromyography-assisted optimization approach for predicting lumbar spine loading while walking with backpack loads." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 234, no. 5 (February 13, 2020): 527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411920906243.

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This study modified an electromyography-assisted optimization approach for predicting lumbar spine loading while walking with backpack loads. The modified-electromyography-assisted optimization approach eliminated the electromyography measurement at maximal voluntary contraction and adopted a linear electromyography–force relationship. Moreover, an optimal lower boundary condition for muscle gain was introduced to constrain the trunk muscle co-activation. Anthropometric information of 10 healthy young men as well as their kinematic, kinetic, and electromyography data obtained while walking with backpack loads were used as inputs in this study. A computational algorithm was used to find and analyse the sensitivity of the optimal lower boundary condition for achieving minimum deviation of the modified-electromyography-assisted optimization approach from the electromyography-assisted optimization approach for predicting lumbosacral joint compression force. Results validated that the modified-electromyography-assisted optimization approach (at optimal lower boundary condition of 0.92) predicted on average, a non-significant deviation in peak lumbosacral joint compression force of −18 N, a standard error of 9 N, and a root mean square difference in force profile of 73.8 N. The modified-electromyography-assisted optimization approach simplified the experimental process by eliminating the electromyography measurement at maximal voluntary contraction and provided comparable estimations for lumbosacral joint compression force that is also applicable to patients or individuals having difficulty in performing the maximal voluntary contraction activity.

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Valero-Cuevas, Francisco J. "Predictive Modulation of Muscle Coordination Pattern Magnitude Scales Fingertip Force Magnitude Over the Voluntary Range." Journal of Neurophysiology 83, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 1469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.3.1469.

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Human fingers have sufficiently more muscles than joints such that every fingertip force of submaximal magnitude can be produced by an infinite number of muscle coordination patterns. Nevertheless, the nervous system seems to effortlessly select muscle coordination patterns when sequentially producing fingertip forces of low, moderate, and maximal magnitude. The hypothesis of this study is that the selection of coordination patterns to produce submaximal forces is simplified by the appropriate modulation of the magnitude of a muscle coordination pattern capable of producing the largest expected fingertip force. In each of three directions, eight subjects were asked to sequentially produce fingertip forces of low, moderate, and maximal magnitude with their dominant forefinger. Muscle activity was described by fine-wire electromyograms (EMGs) simultaneously collected from all muscles of the forefinger. A muscle coordination pattern was defined as the vector list of the EMG activity of each muscle. For all force directions, statistically significant muscle coordination patterns similar to those previously reported for 100% of maximal fingertip forces were found for 50% of maximal voluntary force. Furthermore the coordination pattern and fingertip force vector magnitudes were highly correlated ( r > 0.88). Average coordination pattern vectors at 50 and 100% of maximal force were highly correlated with each other, as well as with individual coordination pattern vectors in the ramp transitions preceding them. In contrast to this consistency of EMG coordination patterns, predictions using a musculoskeletal computer model of the forefinger show that force magnitudes ≤50% of maximal fingertip force can be produced by coordination patterns drastically different from those needed for maximal force. Thus when modulating fingertip force magnitude across the voluntary range, the number of contributing muscles and the relative activity among them was not changed. Rather, the production of low and moderate forces seems to be simplified by appropriately scaling the magnitude of a coordination pattern capable of producing the highest force expected.

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Burakauskaitė, Ieva, and Andrius Čiginas. "An Approach to Integrating a Non-Probability Sample in the Population Census." Mathematics 11, no. 8 (April 8, 2023): 1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11081782.

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Population censuses are increasingly using administrative information and sampling as alternatives to collecting detailed data from individuals. Non-probability samples can also be an additional, relatively inexpensive data source, although they require special treatment. In this paper, we consider methods for integrating a non-representative volunteer sample into a population census survey, where the complementary probability sample is drawn from the rest of the population. We investigate two approaches to correcting non-probability sample selection bias: adjustment using propensity scores, which models participation in the voluntary sample, and doubly robust estimation, which has the property of persisting possible misspecification of the latter model. We combine the estimators of population parameters that correct the selection bias with the estimators based on a representative union of both samples. Our analysis shows that the availability of detailed auxiliary information simplifies the applied estimation procedures, which are efficient in the Lithuanian census survey. Our findings also reveal the biased nature of the non-probability sample. For instance, when estimating the proportions of professed religions, smaller religious communities exhibit a higher participation rate than other groups. The combination of estimators corrects such selection bias. Our methodology for combining the voluntary and probability samples can be applied to other sample surveys.

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Harahonych, O. V. "The problems of joint stock company liquidation and ways of their settlement." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2021.01.10.

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The article explores the problematic aspects of joint stock company liquidation. The essence and types of liquidation of joint stock companies have been analysed. The distinctive features of voluntary, compulsory and enforced liquidation of joint stock companies, as well as the liquidation of a bankrupt joint stock company and the liquidation on the basis of the law have been determined. The elements of the legal composition constituting the basis for the termination of joint stock companies by voluntary liquidation have been investigated. The complexity of the procedure of voluntary liquidation has been established. The expediency of introducing a simplified mechanism of voluntary liquidation has been substantiated. The main factors that hinder the liquidation of joint stock companies in Ukraine in the current context have been identified. The main problems of terminating joint stock companies through forced liquidation and the reasons for their emergence have been revealed. The main obstacles to compulsory liquidation of joint stock companies by judicial and administrative procedure have been elucidated. It has been ascertained that the current Ukrainian legislation on liquidation is still in its formative stage, characterized by inconsistencies, internal contradictions and fails to solve the main problem – a civilized exit of business entities, including joint stock companies, from the sphere of economic relations. Special emphasis is placed on researching the prospects for the development of legal regulation of relations connected with the liquidation of joint stock companies in the context of solving the revealed issues. It has been proposed as a priority step to address the problems of liquidation of joint stock companies by ensuring an adequate level of legal and regulatory regulation of the relations to terminate such organisations through liquidation. It has been reasoned that further research should be conducted into specific recommendations for solving the problems of JSC liquidation in order to consider them in the preparation of Draft No. 2493 for the second reading in the Supreme Council of Ukraine, as well as the systematisation of general rules on voluntary and compulsory liquidation in the Civil Code of Ukraine.

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RANGONE, Nicoletta. "Making Law Effective: Behavioural Insights into Compliance." European Journal of Risk Regulation 9, no. 3 (September 2018): 483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/err.2018.51.

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This paper investigates traditional and new tools for increasing the effectiveness of rules and enforcement strategies. As a preliminary concern, it underlines that there are two sides to effectiveness that cannot be approached separately: effectiveness as perfect compliance with the terms of rules, and effectiveness as a result of rules which incentivise behaviours to meet the “spirit of the law”. In order to achieve this comprehensive approach to effectiveness, rules must be evidence-based, plain, understandable and accepted. Moreover, a clear understanding of compliance drivers is needed. Deterrence and all other possible motivations that go beyond the rational calculus should be assessed by decision-makers, such as internal motivation, procedural fairness, cooperation, social norms, heuristics and bias. Enriching the rationality assumption with other drivers of compliance does not mean dismissing traditional rules or enforcement tools, which conversely remain crucial for the purpose of supporting voluntary compliance and for preventing non-compliance. However, deterrence should be calibrated by a risk-based, responsive and proportional approach to (simplified) rules and enforcement strategies. Trust in public authorities, supportive and cooperative public administrations are also fundamental in order to increase voluntary compliance, and a cognitive-based approach should complement these views.

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Pesudovs, Andris. "The civil procedure principles as the essential basis for undisputed enforcement of obligations." SHS Web of Conferences 51 (2018): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185101011.

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Not always are a legal transaction and the legal consequences thereof limited to complete and voluntary fulfilment of the mutual obligations of the parties. In cases when a commitment has not been fulfilled, there is an option for a creditor to request for judicial protection in order to prove substantiality of his claim and to receive confirmation to his right to recover the debt in a form of court judgment. However, in the civil legal relationship such impairment of a right is possible which exists outside the dispute regarding the right. A debtor fails fulfilling his obligation and not denies doing it. In such circumstances, notwithstanding recognition of the debt, in order to achieve compulsory execution of the obligation, a document to be enforced is also needed. Provided the type of transaction allows establishing of such type of legal consequences, simplified procedural arrangements may be applied, and restricted principle of contest may result in the possibilities of procedural economy being exercised. Admissibility of such procedural possibility also inevitably activates the discussion regarding what the preconditions of the simplified procedure are and how the simplified procedure of establishing the debtor's obligation can be consistent with protection of his rights. The article focuses on the procedural legal principles, which are involved in the alternative to claim proceedings action of the expedited proceedings and the mutual coherency thereof. Attention is also paid to the form of the transaction and significance thereof in the simplified proceedings.

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Mućko, Przemysław, Andrzej Niemiec, and Wanda Skoczylas. "Voluntary coercion? Conditions for sustainable reporting by small and medium-sized enterprises." Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowości 45, no. 4 (December 18, 2021): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5744.

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the determinants and possibilities of dis-seminating sustainability reporting among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on the basis of the accounting theory, legal regulations, and the opinions of SME representa-tives. Methodology/approach: A review of the literature and other sources. Cluster analysis, the k-means method, and the one-way ANOVA test were used to prepare the results of the survey conducted through AAP. Findings: Only stakeholder theory provides explanations that are useful for identifying the determinants of the dissemination of sustainability reporting among SMEs. The major-ity of SMEs are indirectly obliged to report, as a result of maintaining relationships with entities that are required to report non-financial information on the entire value chain. In our survey, we identified two groups. The first represents skeptics. They do not report non-financial information and do not support the introduction of a single, simplified, EU sus-tainability reporting standard for SMEs. The second group believes that SMEs should report non-financial data. They are usually entities that already report such information. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the study are due to sample se-lection and size. In the implications, we emphasized the advantages of indirectly obliging SMEs to report non-financial information by requiring that their key stakeholders collect such information. Originality/value: The article fills a gap in the literature by providing empirical research on non-financial reporting in SMEs. Keywords: non-financial reporting, corporate sustainability reporting, small and medium enterprises.

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Flaxman, Teresa E., Nicholas Romanchuk, Mohammad S. Shourijeh, Sasha Carsen, Michael Del Bel, and Daniel L. Benoit. "Quantifying Knee Strength Deficits and Muscular Contribution to Torque Generation in ACL-Injured Adolescents Using A Simple Musculoskeletal Model." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 5_suppl2 (May 1, 2022): 2325967121S0046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00461.

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Background: Surface electromyography (sEMG) is commonly used to elucidate the effect of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on neuromuscular function. To facilitate comparisons, sEMG is normalized to a known value, such as peak activation during a maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). However, voluntary muscle inhibition after an injury compromises one’s ability to achieve a true MVIC value. Musculoskeletal modeling can be used to quantify this strength deficit by comparing a theoretical MVIC torque to the actual MVIC torque. Purpose: This study sought to evaluate voluntary knee extensor and flexor strength deficits and individual muscle contribution to peak torque generation in ACL injured (ACLi) and uninjured (CON) adolescent populations using a simplified subject-specific modeling framework. Methods: Thirty-nine ACLi (25 females) and 39 CON (25 females) adolescents (12-17years) completed knee extension and flexion MVICs on an isokinetic dynamometer. Peak experimental torque (TE) was identified. A subject-specific modeling framework used normalized sEMG of the quadriceps, hamstrings, and gastrocnemius muscles to determine theoretically ideal torque (TI) for each exercise, assuming agonist muscles were fully activated. Strength deficit ratios (TE/TI) and individual muscle contribution to TE were computed. Group mean differences were compared using independent t-tests. Results: ACLi demonstrated significantly lower extension (2.53±0.94 vs 3.07±0.57Nm/kg, p<0.001) and flexion (1.14±0.50 vs 1.37±0.31Nm/kg, p<0.001) peak TE compared to CON (FIG 1.A). Significant between group differences in sEMG of antagonist muscles were observed. Both groups demonstrated similar TI values (FIG 1.B-upper). Significantly lower trends in strength ratios (TE/TI) were maintained between groups (FIG 1.B-lower). However, percent between group differences were minimized from 17.8% to 6.3% for knee extension, and 16.7% to 10.0% for knee flexion, when TE is expressed relative to TI. Significantly lower medical gastrocnemius contribution to flexion TE was also observed in the ACLi (24.7±0.08%) compared to CON (30.9±10.1%, p=0.037). Conclusion: Significant between group differences in peak extensor or flexor torques were observed. Our model confirmed a strength deficit in ACLi compared to CON, however, between group differences were less prominent when described relative to TI. This may be attributed to between group differences in antagonist contributions (i.e. co-contraction) during MVIC exercise. Simplified modeling frameworks that can incorporate muscle activations as well as torque generation may be more appropriate for evaluating functional outcomes of ACLi populations in a clinical setting. [Figure: see text]

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Holm Jensen, Niels, Lisbeth Fyhn Reuss, and Stephan Rasmussen. "Increasing Public Debt Collection with Nudging." Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration 22, no. 4 (November 18, 2022): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.58235/sjpa.v22i4.8701.

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Using two natural field experiments, we tested whether nudging could contribute as a cost-free instrument to increase voluntary public debt collection. We manipulated standard reminder notices sent to two samples (N = 396 and N = 549) with public debt in a municipality in Denmark, a country with a high tax morale. Results from both studies showed that initial debt payment rates were significantly higher in intervention groups receiving a simplified, kind, and attractive reminder notice as compared to a control groups receiving a standard and complex reminder notice. The results suggest that nudging may contribute to public debt collection in countries with a high tax morale.

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KOO, Choongwan, and Taehoon HONG. "DEVELOPMENT OF A DYNAMIC INCENTIVE AND PENALTY PROGRAM FOR IMPROVING THE ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF EXISTING BUILDINGS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 24, no. 2 (February 19, 2017): 295–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1212741.

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The positive effectiveness of energy policy instruments such as national carbon emissions reduction target (CERT) and energy performance certificates can be achieved by encouraging the voluntary participation of the public in the energy-saving campaign. Towards this end, this study aimed to develop a dynamic incentive and penalty program for improving the energy performance of existing buildings. Four types of incentive programs and four types of penalty programs were established based on three comparison criteria. As a building-level, the first comparison criterion is the averaging approach based on similar cases that can be retrieved using a simplified case-based reasoning model. As a community-level, the second comparison criterion is one-step higher operational and letter rating than the grade of a given building. As a national-level, the third comparison criterion is the operational and letter rating as the minimum criteria for achieving the national CERT. In this study, an elementary school facility located in Seoul, South Korea was selected to validate the applicability of the developed program. As a result, besides the category benchmark, the various comparison criteria should be provided to the public to encourage the voluntary participation of the public in the energy-saving campaign.

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Resch, E., M. K. Wiik, L. G. Tellnes, I. Andresen, E. Selvig, and S. Stoknes. "FutureBuilt Zero - A simplified dynamic LCA method with requirements for low carbon emissions from buildings." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012047.

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Abstract FutureBuilt is a voluntary program for ambitious low-carbon construction projects. To incentivize measures that lead to the lowest climate change impact from all aspects of buildings and according to national Paris agreement pledges, FutureBuilt Zero introduces an ambition level and a novel calculation methodology for net climate change impacts over the life of a building. The ambition level is tightened over time to help Norway achieve its climate goals. A comprehensive simplified calculation method is introduced, which considers how the timing of emissions during the building life affects the contribution to global warming. Both direct and indirect emissions throughout the lifetime are included; energy use in operation and at the construction site, material production and transport of materials to the construction site, and waste management (incineration). In addition, the climate-positive effects of biogenic carbon uptake, carbonation of cement, potential for future reusability, and exported energy are included. This paper presents the criteria, describes the method and the scientific basis as well as the principles and logic behind the choices made.

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Reus-Netto, Gabriela, Pilar Mercader-Moyano, and Jorge D. Czajkowski. "Methodological Approach for the Development of a Simplified Residential Building Energy Estimation in Temperate Climate." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (July 26, 2019): 4040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154040.

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Energy ratings and minimum requirements for thermal envelopes and heating and air conditioning systems emerged as tools to minimize energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency and promote greater transparency with regard to energy use in buildings. In Latin America, not all countries have building energy efficiency regulations, many of them are voluntary and more than 80% of the existing initiatives are simplified methods and are centered in energy demand analysis and the compliance of admissible values for different indicators. However, the application of these tools, even when simplified, is reduced. The main objective is the development of a simplified calculation method for the estimation of the energy consumption of multifamily housing buildings. To do this, an energy model was created based on the real use and occupation of a reference building, its thermal envelope and its thermal system’s performance. This model was simulated for 42 locations, characterized by their climatic conditions, whilst also considering the thermal transmittance fulfilment. The correlation between energy consumption and the climatic conditions is the base of the proposed method. The input data are seven climatic characteristics. Due to the sociocultural context of Latin America, the proposed method is estimated to have more possible acceptance and applications than other more complex methods, increasing the rate of buildings with an energy assessment. The results have demonstrated a high reliability in the prediction of the statistical models created, as the determination coefficient (R2) is nearly 1 for cooling and heating consumption.

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Jovanović, Rastko, Miloš Davidović, Ivan Lazović, Maja Jovanović, and Milena Jovašević-Stojanović. "Modelling Voluntary General Population Vaccination Strategies during COVID-19 Outbreak: Influence of Disease Prevalence." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 8, 2021): 6217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126217.

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A novel statistical model based on a two-layer, contact and information, graph is suggested in order to study the influence of disease prevalence on voluntary general population vaccination during the COVID-19 outbreak. Details about the structure and number of susceptible, infectious, and recovered/vaccinated individuals from the contact layer are simultaneously transferred to the information layer. The ever-growing wealth of information that is becoming available about the COVID virus was modelled at each individual level by a simplified proxy predictor of the amount of disease spread. Each informed individual, a node in a heterogeneous graph, makes a decision about vaccination “motivated” by their benefit. The obtained results showed that disease information type, global or local, has a significant impact on an individual vaccination decision. A number of different scenarios were investigated. The scenarios showed that in the case of the stronger impact of globally broadcasted disease information, individuals tend to vaccinate in larger numbers at the same time when the infection has already spread within the population. If individuals make vaccination decisions based on locally available information, the vaccination rate is uniformly spread during infection outbreak duration. Prioritising elderly population vaccination leads to an increased number of infected cases and a higher reduction in mortality. The developed model accuracy allows the precise targeting of vaccination order depending on the individuals’ number of social contacts. Precisely targeted vaccination, combined with pre-existing immunity, and public health measures can limit the infection to isolated hotspots inside the population, as well as significantly delay and lower the infection peak.

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Miroshnуchenko, Olesia, and Myroslava Monastyruk. "PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SIMPLIFIED TAXATION SYSTEM IN UNCERTAINTY CONDITIONS." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu 2022, no. 4 (2022): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2022.4-34.

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The article investigates the peculiarities of the simplified taxation system in Ukraine and the main changes that were caused by the beginning of the war. It was determined that such a system has several shortcomings that affect the single tax's fiscal, regulatory and incentive efficiency. Nevertheless, the simplified taxation system plays a crucial role in the development of the direct entrepreneurial activity, which directly impacts the level of technological, investment and economic development of the country, as entrepreneurs are the driving force behind the development of IT, trade and services. Based on the analysis of tax changes in the direction of the simplified taxation system and experts' opinions on their appropriateness and vice versa, we believe that such a system is necessary for the functioning of the current small and medium-sized businesses. In the case of increasing tax rates or changing tax objects, it can contribute to the shadowing of business. Especially the issue of abandonment of the simplified taxation system cannot be raised in the current military conditions when one of the important items of budget formation is the voluntary payment of the single tax by entrepreneurs. That is, the practical analysis of the application of permitted tax mechanisms to minimize tax payments during the war made it possible to summarize the simplified taxation system's shortcomings and propose appropriate recommendations that will increase the fiscal and stimulating effect of the single tax. The identified recommendations will ensure the filling of the budget by introducing a progressive single tax rate, providing for a separate taxation group for IT specialists, controlling the legality of the use of benefits provided for the period of war, etc. At the same time, the stimulating function of the single tax is possible due to free consultations (the need for which was proved by the Google Trends tool), the launch of social media, and the increase of additional opportunities for expanding activities for all areas of economic activity. We believe that the implementation of the proposed recommendations will stimulate the further development of small and medium-sized businesses.

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Rosenthal, Richard R., Lorie Shora, Harvey Howe, and Paul Knause. "The Simplified Method for Eucapnic Voluntary Hyperventilation (EVH) Challenge May Be Useful to Discriminate Exercise Induced Asthma (EIA) From Deconditioning." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 131, no. 2 (February 2013): AB63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.888.

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Lin, Shyan Lung, Ching Kun Chen, and Ching Sheng Chien. "Implementation and Validation of ECG-Derived Respiration with QRS Characteristics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 479-480 (December 2013): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.479-480.457.

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This study presents a method for reconstructing respiration signals from ECG tracings based on average electrical-cardiac-axis theory with heart rate variability. The algorithm is simplified to use QRS characteristic points and subsequent spectrum analysis. The experiments were conducted on eight healthy patients during rest with spontaneous (voluntarily) and paced breathings. Five QRS characteristic series are constructed, and the corresponding electrocardiography (ECG)-derived respiration (EDR) is compared with measured data. The experiment results show the R-Q-S series-derived respiration exhibited superior correlation with the original respiration from the perspective of breathing frequency.

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Wang, He, Kiriaki J. Rajotte, Haopeng Wang, Chenyun Dai, Ziling Zhu, Xinming Huang, and Edward A. Clancy. "Simplified Optimal Estimation of Time-Varying Electromyogram Standard Deviation (EMGσ): Evaluation on Two Datasets." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 5165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155165.

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To facilitate the broader use of EMG signal whitening, we studied four whitening procedures of various complexities, as well as the roles of sampling rate and noise correction. We separately analyzed force-varying and constant-force contractions from 64 subjects who completed constant-posture tasks about the elbow over a range of forces from 0% to 50% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). From the constant-force tasks, we found that noise correction via the root difference of squares (RDS) method consistently reduced EMG recording noise, often by a factor of 5–10. All other primary results were from the force-varying contractions. Sampling at 4096 Hz provided small and statistically significant improvements over sampling at 2048 Hz (~3%), which, in turn, provided small improvements over sampling at 1024 Hz (~4%). In comparing equivalent processing variants at a sampling rate of 4096 Hz, whitening filters calibrated to the EMG spectrum of each subject generally performed best (4.74% MVC EMG-force error), followed by one universal whitening filter for all subjects (4.83% MVC error), followed by a high-pass filter whitening method (4.89% MVC error) and then a first difference whitening filter (4.91% MVC error)—but none of these statistically differed. Each did significantly improve from EMG-force error without whitening (5.55% MVC). The first difference is an excellent whitening option over this range of contraction forces since no calibration or algorithm decisions are required.

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Koskinen, Kaisa. "Kääntäjän habitus fiktiivisten rakkaus- ja erokirjeiden valossa." Mikael: Kääntämisen ja tulkkauksen tutkimuksen aikakauslehti 8 (December 1, 2014): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.61200/mikael.129504.

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This article reports on a research project that elicited translators’ emotional narratives of their work with the aim of better understanding the contemporary scene of professional translation. The respondents (n = 102) represent EU translators, Finnish professional translators and translation students from two countries (Ireland and Finland). The method of data collection was “love letter/hate letter”, an exploratory tool borrowed from user experience research (Hanington & Martin 2012: 114). A total of 148 letters drafted by the respondents has been analysed, and the findings are contrasted with the notion of habitus put forward by Daniel Simeoni in his classic essay from 1998. A content and discourse analysis of translators’ predominantly positive emotions, their spatial discourses, preference for efficiency and yearning for freedom largely supports Simeoni’s hypothesis of translators’ voluntary subservience, but the results also suggest that his model is too simplified to fully capture the variability of empirical data.

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Chen, Shan, and Yuanzhao Ding. "Tackling Heavy Metal Pollution: Evaluating Governance Models and Frameworks." Sustainability 15, no. 22 (November 12, 2023): 15863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152215863.

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Water pollution by heavy metals represents a significant threat to both the environment and public health, with a pronounced risk of stomach cancer and fatalities linked to the consumption of heavy metal-contaminated water. Consequently, the need for effective governance in heavy metal remediation is paramount. Employing a comprehensive review of the existing literature, this study delves into prevalent governance models, including state-centric governance, market governance, network governance, and voluntary governance. The primary objective of this research is to pinpoint the optimal framework for heavy metal remediation and the most efficient governance model. Through an analysis informed by the simplified Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method, this study presents key findings, offering valuable insights for policymakers, environmental agencies, and industries seeking holistic strategies to combat heavy metal pollution and alleviate its detrimental consequences. These findings significantly contribute to the ongoing global efforts to safeguard the environment, enhance public health, and mitigate the adverse impacts of heavy metal contamination.

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Rosenthal, Richard R., Harvey Howe, and Paul Knause. "The Simplified Method For Eucapnic Voluntary Hyperventilation (EVH) May Be Useful To Discriminate Between Hyperventilation and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Induced Bronchospasm." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 133, no. 2 (February 2014): AB243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.866.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Voluntary simplifiers'

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