Journal articles: 'Voluntary charities'

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Bilodeau, Marc. "Voluntary contributions to united charities." Journal of Public Economics 48, no. 1 (June 1992): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(92)90044-g.

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Greenaway, Kathleen E., and David C. H. Vuong. "Taking Charities Seriously." International Journal of Knowledge Management 6, no. 4 (October 2010): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jkm.2010100105.

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The voluntary service not-for-profit sector (VSNFP), also called the charitable sector, is a neglected setting for knowledge management research. It is also an area with distinctive characteristics that preclude direct importation of knowledge management approaches developed for the for-profit sector. In this paper, the authors adapt a model for examining knowledge management research issues to the charitable sector and examine what is known about knowledge management in this important sector of society. Research and practitioner suggestions are provided.

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Mohan, John, Yeosun Yoon, Jeremy Kendall, and Nadia Brookes. "The financial position of English voluntary organisations: relationships between subjective perceptions and financial realities." Voluntary Sector Review 9, no. 3 (December 17, 2018): 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204080518x15428929809816.

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The financial position of English social policy charities has received much attention, with a particular focus on the difficulties that small- and medium-sized organisations are experiencing. However, in this article we show that the evidence base has a number of limitations. We then demonstrate, analysing data from a survey of more than 1,000 charities, that organisational size, per se, is only one dimension of the problem: perceptions that the operating and financial environment is challenging are related to other organisational characteristics. We then add to the survey data indicators of financial vulnerability to investigate whether there is a relationship between perception (responses to questions about the resources available to charities) and financial reality (the recent financial history of these charities). Somewhat reassuringly, however, we demonstrate that there is a degree of consistency between the perceptions that organisations report and we discuss the implications of the findings.

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Mohan, John, and Matthew R. Bennett. "Community-level impacts of the third sector: Does the local distribution of voluntary organizations influence the likelihood of volunteering?" Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 4 (February 27, 2019): 950–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x19831703.

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Scholars have attributed various beneficial outcomes to the presence and density of the voluntary, third or non-profit sector in communities. One way in which the distribution of such organizations may benefit communities is through providing opportunities for volunteering. We hypothesize that the distribution of third-sector organizations has an influence, after controlling for relevant individual and area characteristics, on the likelihood of engaging in formal volunteering (defined as unpaid help given through, and to, third-sector organizations, rather than directly to individuals). Using administrative data from the Charity Commission, we classify organizations in terms of their geographical scale of operation. We then construct indicators of the distribution of charities, and their expenditures, for local authorities in England. We obtain data on volunteering by individuals from the Citizenship Survey and link this to administrative data contained in the Charity Commission register on the distribution of charities. We find that there is a positive relationship between the numbers of charities operating locally and the likelihood of volunteering. Other measures, however, including the distribution of charities operating either regionally or nationally, have no statistically significant effects. We find no relationship between a measure of the size of charities (the median expenditures of charities within local authorities) and the likelihood of volunteering. These findings are relevant beyond the UK to debates about the understanding of variations in voluntary action, and to discussions about the impact of the third sector upon communities.

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Morris, Debra. "Charities in the contract culture: survival of the largest?" Legal Studies 20, no. 3 (September 2000): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2000.tb00151.x.

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Drawing on the findings of a year-long empirical study of 15 charities in the county of Merseyside, this article examines some of the implications for charities of entering into the ‘contract culture’. Although not the focus of the empirical study as a whole, the particular aim of this article is to consider the effect of the contract culture on the typically small charity. After a brief consideration of the legal status of charities funding documents within the contract culture, a number of problems faced by small charities that are embraced by the contract culture, together with their legal consequences, are examined. A number of survival tactics for small charities are then discussed. In the light of the publication of the government Compact on relations between itself and the voluntary and community sector, a plea is made for more equal partnerships to be forged between charities and their funders within the contract culture.

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Kent, Wendy. "The value of working with charities and voluntary agencies." British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 1, no. 3 (August 2005): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2005.1.3.18610.

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Khovrenkov, Iryna. "Does Foundation Giving Stimulate or Suppress Private Giving? Evidence from a Panel of Canadian Charities." Public Finance Review 47, no. 2 (September 22, 2017): 382–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142117730634.

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As non-governmental providers of public goods, charities are funded by governments and also by individuals and foundations. How do foundation grants to charities affect private donations to these organizations? The standard economic theory on voluntary contributions to the public good hypothesizes that foundation giving will crowd out private donations. An alternative giving dynamic may arise whereby foundations act as complements to private donations because they can provide a signal of charity quality to individuals and thereby influence their decisions to give. This article offers a rigorous empirical analysis of the relationship between foundation and private donations by utilizing a unique data set on Canadian social welfare and community charities matched with their foundation donors. Empirical findings confirm that an additional dollar of foundation grants to charities crowds in private giving by three dollars on average, suggesting that private donors may look to foundation grants for information on charities to make informed giving decisions.

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Nelson, Ashlyn Aiko, and Beth Gazley. "The Rise of School-Supporting Nonprofits." Education Finance and Policy 9, no. 4 (October 2014): 541–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00146.

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This paper examines voluntary contributions to public education via charitable school foundations, booster clubs, parent teacher associations, and parent teacher organizations. We use panel data on school-supporting charities with national coverage from 1995 to 2010, which we geocode and match to school districts. We document the meteoric rise of school-supporting nonprofits during this panel, and then estimate a series of regression models to examine the distributional consequences of voluntary contributions. We find relatively large districts have higher probabilities of receiving revenues from a school-supporting nonprofit but the level of per-pupil voluntary contributions declines with student enrollment. In addition, we find school districts with higher endowments have higher probabilities of being served by at least one school-supporting nonprofit and higher levels of per-pupil contributions. Finally, we find no evidence that impressive recent growth in the number and financial size of these school-supporting charities relates to reductions in the public financing of schools.

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Louise, Jary. "Placing the future in safe hands: review and future directions of legacy fundraising at the College." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 88, no. 8 (September 1, 2006): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363506x124125.

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Charitable bequests currently provide approximately a fifth of total voluntary income to the College and as such are a vitally important source of funding supporting a varied programme including education and research projects. These figures are in line with the UK charities average as estimated by the Charities Aid Foundation. Over the ten-year period from 1995 to 2005 the College has received approximately £14.4 million in legacy income, with an average annual income of £1.6 million.

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Dunn, Alison. "To foster or to temper? Regulating the political activities of the voluntary and community sector." Legal Studies 26, no. 4 (December 2006): 500–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2006.00027.x.

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A recent consultation by the European Commission on a draft code of conduct for the voluntary and community sector to combat illegal political activities highlights the regulation of the sector. This paper considers the European Commission’s code in light of the current regulation for charities and the wider voluntary and community sector, questioning whether sector-specific regulation of political activities is achievable and how such regulation could be best achieved.

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Deans, Tom, and Alan Ware. "Charity-State Relations: A Conceptual Analysis." Journal of Public Policy 6, no. 2 (April 1986): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00006450.

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ABSTRACTThis article examines the issues and the problems confronted by those conducting comparative research of charity-state relations in England, Canada and the United States. It also provides an explanation of why the interaction between charities and the state is important for political science: in part this is because in all three countries charities have become increasingly dependent on government for their income. In section I, the article examines the relationship between the concepts of a third sector, voluntary sector, non-profit sector and charity and concludes that the last might be the most appropriate to employ in comparative analysis. In section 2, the authors argue that in both England and Canada the state is formally responsible for the formation of certain kinds of charities; they also argue that in the United States a stricter separation between state and charity exists but that, in practice, the boundaries between charities and the state and the market are not clear ones.

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Ohalehi, Paschal. "Fraud in small charities: evidence from England and Wales." Journal of Financial Crime 26, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-12-2017-0122.

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Purpose Despite the increasing awareness of fraud in organisations and the potential benefits of strong fraud management through deterrence and prevention in the UK, there remains limited research on fraud in small charities. This paper aims to examine astonishing cases of fraud in small charities whilst raising awareness of the impact of fraud and its wider implication in the charity sector. Design/methodology/approach This research used a qualitative approach amongst randomly selected 24 charity trustees with income of £0-250,000 and over £250,000. Recent statistics from fraud survey published in Annual Fraud Indicator by the National Fraud Authority and the United Kingdom Fraud Costs Measurement Committee were presented and the theory of why people commit fraud is described. Findings This paper summarises evidence that shows the frequency and severity of fraud in charities, which remains increasingly high. Furthermore, smaller charities are not immune from fraud and suffer losses due to lack of segregation of duties and weak control systems when compared to larger charities with stronger control systems and better governance structure. This paper addresses a very important topic in the charity sector. Whilst fraud and fund misappropriation receive significant media coverage in large charities, smaller charities also suffer losses occasioned by fraud even in large proportion albeit with less reporting in the media. Practical implications Charity managers and trustees will benefit from having sufficient knowledge in deterrence and prevention of charity fraud. Originality/value This is a novel research as it looks into the nature of fraud in small charities of which there is limited research both in the voluntary and fraud literature.

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CLIFFORD, DAVID. "International Charitable Connections: the Growth in Number, and the Countries of Operation, of English and Welsh Charities Working Overseas." Journal of Social Policy 45, no. 3 (March 7, 2016): 453–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279416000076.

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AbstractThis paper provides new empirical evidence about English and Welsh charities operating internationally. It answers basic questions unaddressed in existing work: how many charities work overseas, and how has this number changed over time? In which countries do they operate, and what underlies these geographical patterns? It makes use of a unique administrative dataset which records every country in which each charity operates. The results show a sizeable increase in the number of charities working overseas since the mid-1990s. They show that charities are much more likely to work in countries with colonial and linguistic ties to the UK, and less likely to work in countries with high levels of instability or corruption. This considerable geographical unevenness, even after controlling for countries’ population size and poverty, illustrates the importance of supply-side theories and of institutional factors to an understanding of international voluntary activity. The paper also serves to provide a new perspective on international charitable operation: while it is the large development charities that are household names, the results reveal the extent of small-scale ‘grassroots’ registered charitable activity that links people and places internationally, and the extent of activity in ‘developed’ as well as ‘developing’ country contexts.

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Moraes, Caroline, Athanasia Daskalopoulou, and Isabelle Szmigin. "Understanding Individual Voluntary Giving as a Practice: Implications for Regional Arts Organisations in the UK." Sociology 54, no. 1 (July 19, 2019): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038519860376.

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This research examines individual voluntary giving as an integrative practice. Our research speaks to the new funding challenges traversing the British arts sector. Historically reliant on government funds, increasingly regional non-profit arts organisations must diversify their income sources and target a range of voluntary givers. By drawing on practice theories and interpretive qualitative data, we illuminate how giving understandings, procedures and engagements interconnect and interact, coming together in ways that lead to specific giving choices that prioritise cause-based charities over the arts. In doing so, we make two original contributions towards existing sociological research on voluntary giving. First, we transform and broaden the scope of empirical research by conceptualising voluntary giving as an integrative practice. Second, we offer a lens through which to investigate and explicate shared social processes, mechanisms and acts that traverse structures and individuals, co-construing and reproducing voluntary giving patterns.

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Iacobucci, G. "New competition rules threaten role of voluntary sector in NHS, charities say." BMJ 346, apr19 3 (April 19, 2013): f2571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f2571.

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Gulland, A. "Charities are disappointed with the voluntary nature of new agreement on aid." BMJ 343, dec02 2 (December 2, 2011): d7878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d7878.

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Montagné-Villette, Solange, Irene Hardill, and Boris Lebeau. "Faith-Based Voluntary Action: A Case Study of a French Charity+." Social Policy and Society 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2011): 405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746411000121.

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Following legal changes in the 1980s, the Voluntary and Community sector/économie sociale in France has become culturally diverse as faith-based organisations serving minority ethnic communities have developed, including charities inspired by religious and cultural principles of charitable giving. In this article, we use a case study of a social welfare charity established in a Parisian suburb with a culturally diverse population. Worldwide social welfare work is a priority; the charity responds to disasters, but it prioritises long-term development actions, encouraging the direct involvement of local communities. In recent years, its work has also embraced distressed communities within France.

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CLIFFORD, DAVID. "Charitable organisations, the Great Recession and the Age of Austerity: Longitudinal Evidence for England and Wales." Journal of Social Policy 46, no. 1 (May 20, 2016): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279416000325.

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AbstractThere has been extensive concern about the effect of recession and of subsequent public spending austerity on the voluntary sector – but a lack of comprehensive sector-wide data to examine this empirically. We construct a unique longitudinal dataset, which follows through time the population of charitable organisations in England and Wales since 1999, and assess the impact of recession and austerity by placing organisations’ recent annual income within the context of longer-term trends. The results reveal the scale of the impact on charities’ incomes for the first time: since 2008 median real annual growth in income has been negative for six consecutive years, leading to sizeable cumulative real income decline over the period. Mid-sized charities, and those in more deprived local areas, have been most significantly affected, consistent with concerns about a ‘hollowing out’ of the charitable sector and about the uneven impact of austerity. However, there has also been considerable variation in the fortunes of charities working in different fields of activity. The analysis in this paper helps to widen our perspective on the implications of the Great Recession and of public spending austerity for social policy.

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Hogg, Eddy, and Susan Baines. "Changing Responsibilities and Roles of the Voluntary and Community Sector in the Welfare Mix: A Review." Social Policy and Society 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2011): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746411000078.

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Many Western states have sought in recent years to harness the energies of voluntary agencies and charitable bodies in the provision of welfare (Brandsen and Pestoff, 2006; Milligan and Conradson, 2006; Haugh and Kitson, 2007). More than ever is expected of the Voluntary and Community Sector (VCS) in supporting people and communities, entering into partnerships with governments, and delivering public services (Lewis, 2005; Macmillan, 2010). The mainstreaming of the VCS has been associated with a push towards market reform and reducing state obligations for welfare provision (Amin, 2009). In some European states – for example, Germany and the Netherlands – a three-way mix of state, market and voluntary sector dates back to the nineteenth century (Brandsen and Pestoff, 2006). In the UK too, on which this review article focuses, the delivery of public services by voluntary organisations and charities is far from new, but over the past decade local government and health services, especially in England, have been required to step up their engagement with VCS organisations (VCSOs) (Alcock, 2009; Di Domencio et al., 2009; Macmillan, 2010). Commitment to this sector by the government under New Labour was signalled by the creation for England of the Office of the Third Sector within the Cabinet Office in 2006 and the associated appointment of the first dedicated Minister of the Third Sector, initially Ed Miliband MP. Working with charities, social enterprises and community and faith-based organisations appeals to politicians across the mainstream British political spectrum (Di Domencio et al., 2009; Alcock, 2010); the ‘Big Society’ agenda of the Coalition government elected in 2010 promises a continuation in this direction of travel, albeit in a new regime of reduced budgets, service cuts and demands of more for less.

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Hurd, H., C. Mason, and S. Pinch. "The Geography of Corporate Philanthropy in the United Kingdom." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 16, no. 1 (February 1998): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c160003.

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The shift away from a state-dominated welfare state towards a pluralistic mix of diverse welfare agencies is placing a greater reliance upon the voluntary sector. The role of company support for the voluntary sector has become an issue of considerable significance in recent years, yet has been little analysed by geographers. Considerable variations are revealed in the geographical distribution of funds allocated by directly funded corporate charitable trusts to voluntary organisations in the United Kingdom; the patterns may be related to the sector of the companies that fund the trusts together with the location and nature of the charities receiving funds, The patterns suggest that the key element determining the geography of corporate philanthropy is the nature of the audience which the company is seeking to address through their donations policy. Manufacturing companies would appear to have stronger traditions of philanthropy being directed towards the communities where their production facilities are based, whereas service-based companies tend to disperse their donations more widely.

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Carter, Brian. "Catholic Charitable Endeavour in London 1810–1840. Part II." Recusant History 25, no. 4 (October 2001): 648–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200030533.

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In the first part of this study, attention was focused primarily on three organisations; first, the Society of Charitable Sisters, founded in 1814, a society unique in Catholic affairs of the time, being a voluntary self regulating society of lay women, married and single, who devoted their lives to assisting the impoverished in London; second, the Catholic Club founded by W.E. Andrews, also in 1814, with the purpose of bringing together the Catholic artisan and working class Catholics to collaborate in raising funds for a variety of charities; third the evolution of Catholic libraries in London from 1822, which generated unexpected and fruitful diversification. What became clear from the study of these three groups and others connected to them was the range and variety of the charities and the fact that many of these were established and run by people from the working and artisan classes, a large proportion of whom were Irish.

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Carapico, Sheila. "Private Voluntary Organizations in Egypt." American Journal of Islam and Society 13, no. 2 (July 1, 1996): 269–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v13i2.2321.

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Over the past five years or so, the considerable western interest inthe role played by nongovernmental voluntary associations in Egypt hasbeen reflected in a growing English-language literature on the subject.Researchers tackle the question from a range of perspectives.One approach, relatively state-centered and legalistic, focuses on howCairo manages to control, co-opt, or "corporatize" autonomous organizationsincluding labor and professional syndicates, agricultural and othercooperatives, and private not-for-profit groups. The principle tool for reiningin private voluntary and community associations is the notorious Law32 of 1964. Under Law 32, the Ministry of Social Affairs can interferedirectly in all aspect of associational life-articulation of goals, election ofofficers, pursuit of projects, allocation of funds, and so on. Among the wellknownsecular nonprofit groups with international linkages that have beendenied licenses from the Ministry are the Egyptian Organization of HumanRights and the Arab Women's Solidarity Association. In this legal and policymilieu, many scholars and human rights activists argue that no registeredassociation in Egypt can properly be deemed "nongovernmental."Other analysts, however, accept Cairo's position that the threat of radicalIslam justifies authoritarian restrictions on independent organizations.The second group of studies is inspired partly by these concerns over theradicalization of Islamist associations. Scholars familiar with social, economic, and political circumstances in the Nile Valley usually try to counteracthysterical mass media portraits of "Muslim terrorists" with inquiries intothe structure, function, membership, activities, and ideologies of a range ofIslamist institutions including welfare and charitable associations. The particularstrength of politicized Islam in the 1990s, this research suggests, restson the capacity of Islamist charities to provide a crucial layer of social servicesto a burgeoning, underemployed, increasingly impoverished population.Opinion is divided, however, on the question of whether this circumstancefavors containment and stability or frustration and insurrection.A third set of studies, sometimes overlooked by scholars, comes fromwithin the Cairo-based donor community, the "development practitioners" ...

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Bane, Mary Jo. "Social Conscience and Politics in the United States of America: Reflections." International Journal of Public Theology 5, no. 3 (2011): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156973211x581588.

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AbstractThis article argues that the United States of America is quite different from other OECD countries in its religiosity (America is much more religious) and also in its public safety nets, which are considerably less generous and comprehensive than those of Europe. There are some institutional and ideological patterns in American religion that perhaps underlie both these tendencies. Patterns of religious life and practice in America may be part of the ‘problem’ in American responses to poverty; they may also, however, be part of the solution, and not simply because of gospel teaching. America is distinctive in the breadth, diversity and vitality of associations and charities, including religiously based voluntary organizations. The voluntary sector cannot replace the public sector, but it can, perhaps, provide the organizational foundation for the development of social conscience and civic dialogue, and a counter to the increasingly toxic political sphere. The voluntary sector may be the best hope for the emergence of an American social conscience, and may also provide an interesting framework for other nations to consider.

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GARSIDE, PATRICIA L. "Reassessing Voluntary Action in English Housing Provision post 1900." Journal of Social Policy 30, no. 4 (October 2001): 613–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279401006419.

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This article considers the public and voluntary sector relationship in housing provision from an historical and social science perspective. It pays particular attention to models based on markets, hierarchies and networks and presents an overview of voluntary action and state intervention in English housing since 1900. The article focuses on housing agencies with charitable status, and on three periods – pre-1914, the 1950s and the 1970s. For the first two periods, the emphasis is on the William Sutton Trust, England's largest house-building charity. In the latter period, attention shifts to Shelter, founded in 1967 and the most successful of the homelessness charities. In these case studies, the role of the courts, charity commissioners, government legal officers, Ministries responsible for housing, parliament and local authorities are discussed. The importance of attempts to politicise charity law and charitable status throughout the twentieth century is underlined. Central government is shown to play a significant part in this process, legitimising its preferred response from local authorities and voluntary agencies. A hierarchical interpretation of state intervention is tempered, however, by stressing the significance of unintended consequences attending central government's successive interventions in housing provision.

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Damm, Christopher. "The relationship between state funding and volunteer levels in voluntary sector organisations: a quantitative analysis of regulatory data." Voluntary Sector Review 11, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 293–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204080519x15740562469345.

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There is a long-standing debate within voluntary sector studies concerning the relationship between state funding and volunteer levels within voluntary sector organisations (VSOs). Due to a lack of suitable data, this debate has previously suffered from a lack of aggregate, quantitative evidence at the sector level. This article helps to fill this gap by exploring the relationship among larger charities in England and Wales (those with an annual income over £500,000), using a relatively new regulatory dataset on charity funding sources. The findings reveal a complicated relationship, with some small to moderate associations between the key variables. Among VSOs with at least some state funding, state income is correlated with smaller proportions of volunteers, even after controlling for size and industry. However, those with no state funding at all appear less likely to use volunteers, and to use them in lower average numbers, than those with at least some state income.

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Luova, Outi. "Charity paradigm change in contemporary China: From anti-socialist activity to civic duty." China Information 31, no. 2 (July 2017): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x17715759.

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This article addresses a remarkable conceptual change in China: the replacement of the perception of charities as organizations associated with anti-governmental activity by one that views charities as organized expressions of civic duty. This shift occurred within a period of just 20 years. Following theories of public policy paradigm change, this study analyses the specific societal, institutional and rhetorical changes that were required for the rehabilitation of charity in China; the articulation of a blueprint for the new paradigm; and the implementation of the model in practice, focusing on attempts to foster a charitable spirit and culture. This study is based on official documents and articles in the People’s Daily (人民日报). Furthermore, the analysis is complemented by interviews with staff members of charity associations carried out in Tianjin in 2007 and 2008. The findings contribute to the broader discussion of the features of China’s civil society by elaborating on the boundaries of acceptable civic action. The study shows how the party-state has permitted the emergence of a space for the expression of a voluntary charitable spirit while still expecting that charitable spirit to be expressed within the confines of state-defined morally correct acts.

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Finnegan, Anjelica. "A Historical Guide to NGOs in Britain: Charities, Civil Society and the Voluntary Sector Since 1945." Contemporary British History 27, no. 4 (December 2013): 529–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13619462.2013.845378.

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McCabe, Ciarán. "‘The Going Out of the Voluntary and the Coming in of the Compulsory’: The Impact of the 1838 Irish Poor Law on Voluntary Charitable Societies in Dublin City." Irish Economic and Social History 45, no. 1 (August 14, 2018): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0332489318790981.

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The introduction of the workhouse-centred Poor Law system into Ireland on the eve of the Great Famine transformed the provision of poor assistance in the country. Throughout various urban centres, the plethora of charitable societies that had been prominent in the provision of corporate assistance to the poor faced an increasingly uncertain future, fearing that the levying of compulsory poor rates would result in a withdrawal of support from subscribers and donors. This article analyses the impact of the Poor Law system on charitable societies in Dublin city, covering the fifteen-year period between the 1830 Select Committee on the State of the Poor in Ireland to the eve of the Great Famine in 1845. The article outlines how the establishment of the statutory Poor Law system resulted in confusion among the managers of existing welfare institutions and demonstrates that the opening of Poor Law Union workhouses greatly affected charitable societies’ pauper lists and income levels; yet the impact on the many charities that dotted Dublin’s crowded welfare landscape was not uniform.

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Ellis Paine, Angela, Daiga Kamerāde, John Mohan, and Deborah Davidson. "Communities as ‘renewable energy’ for healthcare services? a multimethods study into the form, scale and role of voluntary support for community hospitals in England." BMJ Open 9, no. 10 (October 2019): e030243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030243.

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ObjectiveTo examine the forms, scale and role of community and voluntary support for community hospitals in England.DesignA multimethods study. Quantitative analysis of Charity Commission data on levels of volunteering and voluntary income for charities supporting community hospitals. Nine qualitative case studies of community hospitals and their surrounding communities, including interviews and focus groups.SettingCommunity hospitals in England and their surrounding communities.ParticipantsCharity Commission data for 245 community hospital Leagues of Friends. Interviews with staff (89), patients (60), carers (28), volunteers (35), community representatives (20), managers and commissioners (9). Focus groups with multidisciplinary teams (8 groups across nine sites, involving 43 respondents), volunteers (6 groups, 33 respondents) and community stakeholders (8 groups, 54 respondents).ResultsCommunities support community hospitals through: human resources (average=24 volunteers a year per hospital); financial resources (median voluntary income = £15 632); practical resources through services and activities provided by voluntary and community groups; and intellectual resources (eg, consultation and coproduction). Communities provide valuable supplementary resources to the National Health Service, enhancing community hospital services, patient experience, staff morale and volunteer well-being. Such resources, however, vary in level and form from hospital to hospital and over time: voluntary income is on the decline, as is membership of League of Friends, and it can be hard to recruit regular, active volunteers.ConclusionsCommunities can be a significant resource for healthcare services, in ways which can enhance patient experience and service quality. Harnessing that resource, however, is not straight forward and there is a perception that it might be becoming more difficult questioning the extent to which it can be considered sustainable or ‘renewable’.

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KENDALL, JEREMY, JOHN MOHAN, NADIA BROOKES, and YEOSUN YOON. "The English Voluntary Sector: how Volunteering and Policy Climate Perceptions Matter." Journal of Social Policy 47, no. 4 (April 5, 2018): 759–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279418000107.

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AbstractThis paper considers the situation of the English voluntary sector in relation to austerity-driven social policies. Existing characterisations are outlined and it is argued that the quantitative evidence used to represent the situation of these organisations to date has been partial because it relies too narrowly on financial resource input measures. We argue that the situation of these organisations needs to be conceptualised in a more holistic way and, to initiate a move in this direction, we identify and explicate two relevant dimensions: the perceived capacity of organisations to rely on volunteers for support (a non-financial resource input); and their perception of the effect of the policy climate in shaping their capacity to flourish, including their ability to perform multiple roles beyond service provision alone. We draw on an original mixed methods empirical study undertaken in England in 2015 to operationalise these dimensions, combining qualitative interviews with national ‘policy community’ members with a large scale on-line survey of social policy charities. We find a complex and variegated situation that, while acknowledging the fundamental importance of financial resource pressures, also points to the salience of the volunteering situation, and to the relevance of the challenging policy climate that these organisations have to navigate.

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Laybourn, Keith. "The Guild of Help and the changing face of Edwardian philanthropy." Urban History 20, no. 1 (April 1993): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926800009998.

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The Guild of Help was formed at Bradford in 1904 with the idea of introducing a new, more community-based, approach to deal with the increasingly important problem of poverty. It emerged to overcome the failures of charity and the threat of increased state intervention, seeking instead to get all the community to take responsibility for the poor. The movement spread rapidly and soon became a major constituent of voluntary urban relief in Britain. Yet, in the end, its community approach failed, largely because solving the problem of poverty was well beyond its means, and intent, but also because it was unable to draw the churches, the working classes and charities into working with the well-regulated system of help for the poor which it envisaged.

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Peate, Ian. "NHS screening programmes." British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 13, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjha.2019.13.8.378.

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This is the first article in a series that will focus on a range of NHS screening programmes that are available across the UK. The provision of NHS screening programmes available in each country of the UK differs slightly, as do public health services. This first article provides insight and understanding of the thinking behind population screening, and explains the differences between screening and testing. Various charities and voluntary organisations are working with statutory bodies to encourage screening uptake among various populations; they are calling for better information and easier access to the various screening programmes. The healthcare assistant and assistant practitioner (HCA and AP) are public health practitioners, whose role in improving screening uptake is highlighted in this article.

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Berry, Lynne. "An age of opportunity for the voluntary sector." Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 16, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qaoa-11-2014-0038.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to put the issue of ageing on the agenda of the English voluntary sector; to support the development of strategies about resourcing, supporting, governing and making relevant the voluntary sector for the next 20 years. Design/methodology/approach – An independent Commission hosted by New Philanthropy Capital and the International Longevity Centre, funded by the Big Lottery and the Prudential Methodology: issuing a discussion paper, created by the Commissioners and based on futures work and an evidence review; holding national and international seminars and conferences. Findings – Our ageing society has the potential to lead the voluntary sector into a viable future by building bridges between generations and communities, by expanding the resources available to it through rethinking its workforce, both paid and unpaid, by inspiring and delivering a more integrated and committed sense of social obligations and mutuality – if it embraces “The Age of Opportunity”. Research limitations/implications – This is a policy and practice led review with implications for the UK voluntary sector, its role in society and its resourcing. Practical implications – The Commission on the Voluntary Sector & Ageing takes as its basic premise that if we can grasp the potential, we can invest the skills and resources available to us to create a thriving, relevant and creative place for the voluntary sector and civil society. The Commission is setting a challenge to charities and social enterprises. The authors want them to rethink their work so that they can help make Britain a great place to grow old and one that encourages reciprocity between generations and over a lifetime. Social implications – A more integrated and mutually empowering society that builds on an asset-based model of ageing. Originality/value – The work of the Commission has never been done before and has been seen as creating an opportunity for rethinking the role, purpose and potential of the voluntary sector.

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Al-Fahdi, Rashid S., Wajeha T. Al-Ani, and Muhammed A. Lashin. "Alternatives Strategies to Empower Youth Volunteering in Omani Society Using SWOTAnalysis Technique." Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] 14, no. 1 (February 11, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jeps.vol14iss1pp1-22.

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The study aimed to develop strategic alternatives to activate volunteer work among Omani youth. SWOT analysis was used to indicate the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges faced by youth. A questionnaire of 32 items with two domains was developed. An estimation of reliability using Cronbach-Alpha indicated 0.887 for level of effectiveness, and 0.918 for level of existences. A sample of 89 experts from civil society organizations and higher education institutions from different Omani governorates was selected. The results revealed that the most powerful aspects of volunteering were the incentives to encourage youth, notably the Sultan Qaboos Award for Volunteerings at the national level, and the existence of many charities, including those related to women associations, and others that provide voluntarily services to special needs people. The overall average weight of the strengths and weaknesses was 194.44 and 186.46 respectively. The main opportunities were reflected by existing governmental departments to follow up the work of the voluntary institutions, and the NGO civil societies’ global awareness of volunteering. Further, the study results showed that average percentage means of opportunities and challenges were 145.04 and 143.79 respectively. Considering these results, four strategic alternatives were developed.

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Doyle, Barry M. "The structure of elite power in the early twentieth-century city: Norwich, 1900–35." Urban History 24, no. 2 (August 1997): 179–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926800016382.

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ABSTRACTThrough a study of middle-class power in Norwich in the first third of the twentieth century, this paper tests a number of hypotheses concerning the behaviour of British urban elites. Analysis of networks (freemasons, business organizations and family) assesses the level of social unification among the middle class; elite involvement in chapel, charities and voluntary organizations addresses the question of social leadership; whilst elite politics is considered through three questions: did they become unified behind a single anti-socialist stance? Did the more important members of the elite leave urban politics? And did they abandon faith in grand civic projects? Its conclusions suggest that the power and involvement of the elite continued into the 1930s, maintaining a positive approach to the scope and function of municipal authority.

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Fitzgibbon, Wendy, and John Lea. "Defending probation: Beyond privatisation and security." European Journal of Probation 6, no. 1 (April 2014): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2066220314523226.

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The current debate about the privatisation of probation in the UK has tended to set up a false dichotomy between state and private that diverts attention from the fact that privatisation as part of a ‘rehabilitation revolution’ intends, in fact, to continue the domination of the risk management approach. What is emerging is a public–private combination of increasingly centralised public sector probation and the private ‘security-industrial complex’ of global security corporations. An important consequence of this process is the annihilation of both residual elements of voluntary sector and community work within probation itself and of the smaller private charities and third sector organisations that have long collaborated with probation in traditional desistance work. This complex dynamic is a reflection of some of the key internal inconsistencies of neoliberalism as a political strategy.

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Morris, Andrew. "How the State and Labor Saved Charitable Fundraising: Community Chests, Payroll Deduction, and the Public–Private Welfare State, 1920–1950." Studies in American Political Development 29, no. 1 (April 2015): 106–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x14000145.

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Payroll taxes and payroll deductions became ubiquitous in the United States by the mid-1940s, crucial to the financing of the emerging “mixed” welfare state as well as World War II. While scholars have firmly established the importance of elements of the warfare/welfare state such as Social Security, employer-based pensions and health insurance, and the mass income tax, voluntary sector institutions have garnered less attention. The history of payroll deduction demonstrates how this “infrastructural power” also advantaged institutions outside of the state, notably, charitable fundraising organizations commonly known as Community Chests (the forerunners of the United Way). Chests began to look toward the payroll deduction in the 1920s as an efficient and effective way of extracting donations from workers of modest means—though these were often fiercely resisted by an empowered labor movement in the 1930s. But it took the state's vast expansion of deductions during World War II, and the patriotic impulse of donating to war-related charities, to convince industrial unions and employers to support this method of donation. Like the income tax, this change in charitable giving remained in place after the war and became a vital element of financing this part of the public–private social safety net—a crucial boost to the voluntary sector from the state.

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Aaronson, Mike. "Book Review: The Governance and Management of Charities by Andrew Hind. London, The Voluntary Sector Press, 1995, pp. 494." Journal of International Development 10, no. 1 (January 1998): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1328(199801)10:1<147::aid-jid432>3.0.co;2-m.

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Chan, Kathryn. "Charitable according to whom ? The clash between Quebec’s societal values and the law governing the registration of charities." Les Cahiers de droit 49, no. 2 (April 3, 2009): 277–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/029648ar.

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In the course of considering the public’s views on the accommodation of cultural minorities in Quebec, the Bouchard-Taylor Commission has produced a valuable record of the views held by Quebec’s voluntary sector organizations, and the societal values that are important to Quebec. In particular, it has underlined Quebec’s strong commitment to three broad public objects — the advancement of the French language and Quebec culture, the encouragement of interculturalism, and the promotion of secularism — that are not recognized as charitable objects under the common law. The Bouchard-Taylor Commission has therefore provided a timely and relevant backdrop against which to consider the real-life implications of using the common law of charitable trusts to give meaning to the statutory concept of charity (bienfaisance) in Quebec. Based on her observations of the Commission experience, the author suggests that the disjuncture between the law demarcating Quebec’s charitable sector and the social context within which the sector operates has become significant enough to merit a reconsideration of this longstanding approach.

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Moulvi, Nikhat Abbas, and Camille Nakhid. "Understanding the Community and Voluntary Sector in New Zealand: Exploring the Information Potential in the New Zealand Charities Register Data." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Organizational Studies 11, no. 4 (2016): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2324-7649/cgp/v11i04/63-78.

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McDonnell, Diarmuid, John Mohan, and Paul Norman. "Charity Density and Social Need: A Longitudinal Perspective." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 49, no. 5 (March 16, 2020): 1082–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0899764020911199.

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The distribution of charitable organizations in an equitable and socially just manner is a long-standing policy concern in the United Kingdom and many other jurisdictions. Geographic variations are important as they are linked to potentially inequitable service provision and opportunities for participation in voluntary activities. This study links large-scale administrative data on charities registered in England and Wales with local authority-level measures of material deprivation for 5 U.K. census years (1971–2011). Count and spatial regression models show evidence of nonlinear associations between charity density and social need, and changes in the shape of this distribution over time. In general, charity density is highest in the least deprived local authorities but this varies across different types of organizations and census years. These results provide important new insights into the evolving relationship between charity density and social need, and demonstrate the value of adopting more advanced, longitudinal statistical approaches for studying this phenomenon.

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Whitlam, M. R. "George, Peter L., Making Charities Effective: A Guide for Charities and Voluntary Bodies, Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 1989, 160pp, hbk £16.95, pbk £7.95, ISBN 1 85302 023 0, pbk ISBN 1 85 302 019 2." British Journal of Visual Impairment 7, no. 3 (October 1989): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026461968900700317.

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Andrew, Donna T. "On Reading Charity Sermons: Eighteenth-Century Anglican Solicitation and Exhortation." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 43, no. 4 (October 1992): 581–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900001974.

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Neither charity nor charity sermons were new to the eighteenth century. Giving to the needy was a long–established feature of Christianity. In his ‘Rule and Exercise of Holy Living’ (1650), an extreme expression of such Christianity, Jeremy Taylor urged good Christians to ‘Give, looking for nothing again, that is, without consideration of future advantages: give to children, to old men, to the unthankful, and the dying, and to those you shall never see again; for else your Alms or courtesie is not charity, but traffick and merchandise.’ By the eighteenth century the City of London already had a tradition of sponsored annual sermons, called ‘spital’ sermons, for its own hospitals, i.e. St Thomas's, Barts, Bethlem, etc. However, as associated charities, charities conceived by, supported and directed by contributors, grew increasingly numerous in the course of that century, charity sermons also increased in number and importance. Associated or joint–stock voluntary charity welcomed its need for ongoing financial support; this, its supporters claimed, would ensure efficiency and accountability. The problem with such support, however, was not only that the charity needed to attract, and continue to attract, large numbers of donors, but also that it needed to convince those donors to repeat their contributions annually. The charity sermon became a central instrument in this process. Thus, usually on the anniversary of the establishment of the charity, the society would invite a prominent or popular clergyman to address present and potential donors, and a collection would be taken afterwards. After one such sermon on 9 July 1762, the governing committee of the Asylum for Orphaned Girls congratulated itself, well pleased with a collection of over £226 ‘and many new subscribers added’.1

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Shelton, Katherine H., Coralie Merchant, and Jane Lynch. "The Adopting Together Service: how innovative collaboration is meeting the needs of children in Wales waiting the longest to find a family." Adoption & Fostering 44, no. 2 (July 2020): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308575920920390.

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Significant concerns remain in many countries about the high numbers of children needing an adoptive placement relative to the low numbers of prospective adopters, the high level of long-term therapeutic support needs for many adopted children and their families, and whether there are appropriate services to meet them. There has been an increase in ‘priority’ children waiting over 12 months to find a family. These are often children aged four years and over, in care with siblings, with additional needs or developmental uncertainties and from minority ethnic backgrounds. The financial and emotional costs of long-term fostering when plans are changed are huge. This article describes a major development in child care practice in Wales that has occurred over the past two years. The Adopting Together Service (ATS) involves a unique, innovative and multi-layered collaboration between the voluntary adoption agencies (VAAs – non-governmental charities) and regional adoption teams (statutory agencies) to secure permanence for children who wait the longest to find families. It explains how the ATS has been developed and embedded, including an account of the referral process, the approach to recruitment, linking and matching, and therapeutic activity before, during and after placement. It also describes the process of securing sustainable social procurement under the guidance of the British Standard for Collaborative Working (ISO 44001; British Standard Institute, 2017), the creation of a Joint Relationship Management Plan between VAAs, and the implementation of service level agreements between the voluntary and statutory sectors. These developments are considered in the context of the Welsh Government’s implementation of the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015, which lays out collaborative expectations to the statutory sector as one of its sustainable development principles. The article concludes with an initial evaluation of progress, noting challenges to the service and the views of the social workers, foster carers and adoptive parents involved.

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ADLOFF, FRANK. "What encourages charitable giving and philanthropy?" Ageing and Society 29, no. 8 (October 15, 2009): 1185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x08008295.

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ABSTRACTIn recent years, increasing public attention has been paid to voluntary action, civic engagement and philanthropy. It is in this framework that the growing numbers of childless older people are regarded as a valuable source of charitable giving. In fact, by giving to philanthropic foundations – instead of consuming their wealth or leaving inheritances – childless donors may develop into pioneers in the field of post-familial civic engagement. The article explores the circumstances under which childless older people adopt this behaviour in both Germany and the United States of America. It is found that making large donations or setting up philanthropic foundations is still an elite phenomenon, but on the other hand that establishing a foundation is attractive for childless people, both as a means of ensuring that one's name lives on, and as a way of organising bequests. Educational level, ill-health, social capital and religiosity all positively reinforce the inclination of childless people to transfer resources to charities. It is also shown that the institutional framework or organised fundraising has a large role in fostering charitable giving among the childless. The framework of charity organisations and fund raising in the country of residence plays an important role in determining the expansion and democratisation of charitable giving.

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Dietz, Nathan, Putnam Barber, Cindy Lott, and Mary Shelly. "Exploring the Relationship between State Charitable Solicitation Regulations and Fundraising Performance." Nonprofit Policy Forum 8, no. 2 (September 26, 2017): 183–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npf-2017-0009.

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AbstractIn the USA, the regulatory framework for fundraising by charitable organizations has been described as a “50-state mix of fees, registration, auditing, and financial reporting requirements” (Irvin 2005, “State Regulation of Nonprofit Organizations: Accountability Regardless of Outcome.” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 34 (2):161–178). However, little is known about how differences in state fundraising regulations might affect the ability of organizations to raise funds from donors. State charities regulation is intended to cultivate an environment that incentivizes giving and reduces fraud, where donor dollars are maximized for the mission to which they are given. Whether current charitable solicitation regulations actually succeed or impede this regulatory goal is the subject of this paper. For this research, we create an index of fundraising regulatory breadth, based on the presence or absence of key components of state charitable solicitation regulations. We use a nationally representative, longitudinal database to examine the impact of state fundraising regulations on fundraising performance. The database, which contains details of over 110 million gift transactions recorded by charities between 2006 and 2016, permits the creation of several organization-level metrics used by professional fundraisers. These metrics serve as dependent variables in multivariate models, where the control variables characterize the charitable environment of the states where the organizations are located. Although space does not permit a complete description of our results, we suggest that further research will add to the understanding of how to construct effective regulation of these and other transactions. The analysis compares state-level measures of fundraising performance, which summarize the organization-level metrics calculated from the multivariate analysis, with the state-level values of the regulatory breadth index. The results of the analysis suggest that organizations tend to have lower values for these fundraising metrics, controlling for the characteristics of the state’s charitable environment, in states that have more robust regulatory regimes (where more activities are covered). However, these results appear to be largely a result of the influence of those states where both (1) regulatory breadth is greater and (2) the oversight system is bifurcated: that is, oversight of fundraising is located in both the state attorney general’s office and another state agency, such as a secretary of state’s office.

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Hammack, David C. "Matthew Hilton, Nick Crowson, Jean-François Mouhot and James McKay: A Historical Guide to NGOs in Britain: Charities, Civil Society, and the Voluntary Sector Since 1945." VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 25, no. 3 (September 4, 2013): 842–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-013-9416-z.

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Clements, Charlotte. "A Historical Guide to NGOs in Britain: Charities, Civil Society and the Voluntary Sector since 1945. By Matthew Hilton, Nick Crowson, Jean-François Mouhot and James McKay." Cultural and Social History 12, no. 1 (March 2015): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/147800415x14135484867540.

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Brewis, G. "A Historical Guide to NGOs in Britain: Charities, Civil Society and the Voluntary Sector Since 1945. By Matthew Hilton, Nick Crowson, Jean-Francois Mouhot and James McKay." Twentieth Century British History 25, no. 2 (May 9, 2013): 333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwt009.

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McCarthy, H. "A Historical Guide to NGOs in Britain: Charities, Civil Society and the Voluntary Sector since 1945, by Matthew Hilton, Nick Crowson, Jean-Francois Mouhot and James McKay." English Historical Review 129, no. 537 (April 1, 2014): 505–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceu009.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Voluntary charities'

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