Journal articles: 'Voltage supply'

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Wanjari, Prof A. V., Kalyani Sawarkar, Mohammad Hussain, and Shubhangi Layabar. "Modelling and Simulation of Dynamic Voltage Restorer in Power System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41322.

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Abstract: Recently, Power quality is one of major concerns in the present era. It has become important, especially, with the introduction of sophisticated devices, whose performance is very sensitive to the quality of power supply. To improve the power quality, custom power devices are used. The device considered in this work is Dynamic Voltage Restorer. Thispresents modelling, analysis and simulation of a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) constructed in Simulink environment. Here, different supply voltage conditions are considered for linear loads. The major problems dealt here are voltage sag, voltage swell, and voltages unbalances. The role of DVR to compensate load voltage is investigated during the different supply conditions like voltage sag, voltage swell, and supply voltage unbalance. Therefore, it is a highly prospective branch of energy, which would play a significant role in the future.

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McCue, B. M., R. L. Greenwell, M. I. Laurence, B. J. Blalock, S. K. Islam, and L. M. Tolbert. "SOI Based Voltage Regulator for High-Temperature Applications." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, HITEC (January 1, 2012): 000207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/hitec-2012-wp12.

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Developments in automotive (particularly hybrid-electric vehicles), aerospace, and energy production industries have led to expanding research interest in integrated circuit (IC) design toward high-temperature applications. A high-voltage, high-temperature silicon-on-insulator (SOI) process allows for circuit design to expand into these extreme environment applications. Nearly all electronic devices require a reliable supply voltage capable of operating under various supply voltages and load currents. These supply voltages and load currents can be either DC or time-varying signals. In this work, a stable supply voltage for embedded circuits is generated on chip via a voltage regulator producing a stable 5-V output voltage. Although applications of this voltage regulator are not limited to gate driver circuits, this regulator has been developed to meet the demands of a gate driver IC. The voltage regulator must be able to provide reliable output voltage over an input range from 10 V to 30 V, a temperature range of −25°C to 200°C, and output loads from 0 mA to 200 mA. Additionally, low power stand-by operation is provided to help reduce heat generation resulting in lower operating junction temperature. The designed voltage regulator has been successfully tested from −50°C to 200°C while demonstrating an output voltage variation of less than 10 mV under the full range of input voltage. Additionally, line regulation tests from 10 V to 30 V show a 12-ppm/V supply sensitivity. Full temperature and input voltage range tests reveal that the no-load supply current draw is within 17 mA while still providing in excess of 200-mA load current upon demand. Modifications to the existing design or off-chip biasing can widen the range of attainable output voltages and drive capabilities.

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Tsai, Wen Chang. "Design and Implementation of a Voltage Booster Circuit for High-Pressure Injector Drives in GDI Engines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 128-129 (October 2011): 1367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.128-129.1367.

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A DC/DC voltage booster circuit is essential to design for the high-pressure (H.P.) injector driving circuit since the power supply voltages for various H.P. injectors are DC 60~90 V rather than DC 12~14V battery voltages. The DC 12~14V battery voltages have to be boosted up to the stable DC 60~90 V voltages supply for being able to drive various H.P. injectors. The new H.P. injector driving circuit consists of a voltage booster circuit and an originally designed three-stage power MOSFETs injector driving circuit to control the dc-link power supply voltage. The dynamic performance of a H.P. injector driven by the designed electrical driving circuit with the voltage booster are simulated and analyzed. The stability and electrical characteristics for the voltage booster under various injection pulse durations and engine speeds are investigated. The fuel injection quantities, supply voltages and injector driving currents of the H.P. injector fed by the new injector driving circuit is illustrated and analyzed in the paper. The experimental results show that this injector driving circuit with a newly designed voltage booster is capable of operating stably to drive the H.P. injector and obtain the accurate fuel injection quantities in the air-fuel ratio control of engines.

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Blakiewicz, Grzegorz. "Low-Voltage LDO Regulator Based on Native MOS Transistor with Improved PSR and Fast Response." Energies 16, no. 12 (June 20, 2023): 4825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124825.

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In this paper, a low-voltage low-dropout analog regulator (ALDO) based on a native n-channel MOS transistor is proposed. Application of the native transistor with the threshold voltage close to zero allows elimination of the charge pump in low-voltage regulators using the pass element in a common drain configuration. Such a native pass transistor configuration allows simplification of regulator design and improved performance, with supply voltages below 1 V, compared to commonly used regulators with p-channel MOS transistors. In the presented design of ALDO regulator in 180 nm CMOS X-FAB technology, an output voltage of 0.7 V was achieved with an output current of 10 mA and a supply voltage of 0.8 V. Simulation results show that despite the low supply voltage, output voltage spikes do not exceed 70 mV at the worst technology corner when output current transients from 100 µA to 10 mA. Under such conditions, stable operation and power supply rejection PSR = 35 dB were achieved with an output capacitance of 0–500 pF. The proposed regulator allows to push the limit of ALDO regulator applications to voltages below 1 V with only slight degradation of its performance.

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Bargagli-Stoffi, A., J. Sauerbrey, J. Wang, and D. Schmitt-Landsiedel. "Challenges of VDD scaling for analog circuits: an amplifier." Advances in Radio Science 3 (May 13, 2005): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-3-377-2005.

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Abstract. With the shrinking of the device dimensions, the power supply voltage value is continuously decreasing. Since the threshold voltage value does not decrease as much as the power supply and the drain source saturation voltage becomes an important fraction of the power supply, many amplifier architectures are no more suitable for modern processes. A transconductance amplifier based on current mirrors is analyzed highlighting the main challenges of a low-voltage analog design. Among the many proposed amplifier architectures, a topology based on current mirrors has been chosen as the most promising to operate with low voltages. Simulations with 90nm CMOS prove the feasibility of circuit operation with satisfactory performance at an operating power supply voltage as low as 0.6V.

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Hu, Jian Ping, and Jia Guo Zhu. "Voltage Scaling for SRAM in 45nm CMOS Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 39 (November 2010): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.39.253.

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Scaling supply voltage is an efficient approach to achieve low energy. Scaling supply voltage to sub-threshold region can reach minimum energy consumption but only suits for ultra-low operation frequencies. In order to attain more extensive application, scaling supply voltage to medium-voltage region is an attractive approach especially suiting for mid performances. This paper investigates performances of conventional SRAMs in near-threshold and super-threshold regions in terms of energy dissipation and max operating frequency. All circuits are simulated with HSPICE at PTM 45nm CMOS technology by varying supply voltages from 0.4V to 1.1V with 0.1V steps. The simulation results demonstrate that the conventional SRAMs operate on medium-voltage region can not only keep reasonable speed but also reduce greatly energy consumptions.

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Rąbkowski, Jacek, Andrzej Łasica, Mariusz Zdanowski, Grzegorz Wrona, and Jacek Starzyński. "Portable DC Supply Based on SiC Power Devices for High-Voltage Marx Generator." Electronics 10, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030313.

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The paper describes major issues related to the design of a portable SiC-based DC supply developed for evaluation of a high-voltage Marx generator. This generator is developed to be a part of an electromagnetic cannon providing very high voltage and current pulses aiming at the destruction of electronics equipment in a specific area. The portable DC supply offers a very high voltage gain: input voltage is 24 V, while the generator requires supply voltages up to 50 kV. Thus, the system contains two stages designed on the basis of SiC power devices operating with frequencies up to 100 kHz. At first, the input voltage is boosted up to 400 V by a non-isolated double-boost converter, and then a resonant DC-DC converter with a special transformer elevates the voltage to the required level. In the paper, the main components of the laboratory setup are presented, and experimental results of the DC supply and whole system are also shown.

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Hu, Jianping, Chenghao Han, Yuejie Zhang, Beibei Qi, and Haiyan Ni. "Super-Threshold Adiabatic FinFET Circuits Based on PAL-2N Operating in Medium Strong Inversion Regions." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001408010263.

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Lowering supply voltage of FinFET circuits is an effective way to achieve low power dissipations. In this paper, the super-threshold adiabatic FinFET circuits based on PAL-2N operating on medium strong inversion regions are addressed in terms of energy consumption and operating frequency. The supply voltage of the super-threshold circuits is much larger than the threshold voltage of the transistors, but it is lower than the normal standard supply voltage. The performance of a mode-10 FinFET PAL-2N counter is investigated with different source voltages ranging from 0.2V to 1.0V. All circuits are simulated with HSPICE at a PTM (Predictive Technology Model) 32nm FinFET technology. The simulation results show that the adiabatic FinFET circuits based on PAL-2N achieve the minimum EDP in the supply voltages of about 700mV - 800mV, the devices of which operate in medium strong inversion regions. The super-threshold adiabatic FinFET logic circuits can attain low energy consumption with favorable performance, since FinFET devices can provide better drive strength than bulk CMOS ones.

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Chu, Kai Bin, Nu Wang, Shu Yue Chen, and Bao Xiang He. "Development of Switching Power Supply with Precision Continuously Adjustable High Voltage." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 1512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1512.

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The techniques for developing a kind of the precision continuously adjustable high-voltage switching power supply are proposed, based on the constant frequency pulse width modulation strategies with SG3525, and the continuous output voltage adjustment effect is achieved through a gain amplifier controlled by MCU. The circuit is of the significant features such as high precision output voltages, continuously adjustable, a wide adjustment range and a low power consumption. The results of the experiments show that the output voltage is adjustable between 1KV and 25KV, and the maximum output voltage error is 1.6%.

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10

Shao, Zhu Lei. "Research on 5V Internal Power Supply Circuit of Switching Power Supply." Applied Mechanics and Materials 571-572 (June 2014): 950–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.571-572.950.

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In order to guarantee the stability working of internal circuit of switching power supply, an internal power supply circuit with stabilization output was designed in this paper. Based on the voltage stabilization principle of zener diode, the internal power supply circuit put the high input voltage into 5v output voltage. Because of using module circuit, the circuit structure is simplified effectively. Based on 0.35um BCD technology, the internal power supply circuit was built in PSPICE. According to the experimental result, the internal power supply circuit can output stably in different input voltage and environmental temperature.

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11

LIN, HONGCHIN, NAI-HSIEN CHEN, and JAINHAO LU. "DESIGN OF MODIFIED FOUR-PHASE CMOS CHARGE PUMPS FOR LOW-VOLTAGE FLASH MEMORIES." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 11, no. 04 (August 2002): 393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126602000537.

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A new four-phase clock scheme for the four-phase charge pumping circuits using standard 0.5 μm CMOS technology at low supply voltages to generated high boosted voltages is proposed. Boosted clocks without high drivability are applied on the capacitors coupled to the gates of the main charge transfer transistors to compensate body effects. Thus, the high-voltage clock generation circuit can be easily achieved for clock frequency of 10 MHz. Due to the nearly ideal pumping gain per stage, the design methodology to optimize power efficiency is also presented. With the new clock scheme, it can efficiently pump to 9 V at supply voltage of 1 V using 10 stages by simulations, while pump to 4.7 V at supply voltage of 1.5 V using four stages by measurements.

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12

Melikyan, Vazgen Sh, Andranik K. Hayrapetyan, Hakob T. Kostanyan, Hayk V. Margaryan, Hayk T. Grigoryan, and Armen A. Martirosyan. "Power Supply Ratio Improvement Using Self-Calibration in Voltage Regulators." Proceedings of Universities. Electronics 24, no. 3 (June 2019): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24151/1561-5405-2019-24-3-248-256.

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Cao, Peng, Wei Bao, and Jingjing Guo. "An Accurate and Efficient Timing Prediction Framework for Wide Supply Voltage Design Based on Learning Method." Electronics 9, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040580.

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The wide voltage design methodology has been widely employed in the state-of-the-art circuit design with the advantage of remarkable power reduction and energy efficiency enhancement. However, the timing verification issue for multiple PVT (process–voltage–temperature) corners rises due to unacceptable analysis effort increase for multiple supply voltage nodes. Moreover, the foundry-provided timing libraries in the traditional STA (static timing analysis) approach are only available for the nominal supply voltage with limited voltage scaling, which cannot support timing verification for low voltages down to near- or sub-threshold voltages. In this paper, a learning-based approach for wide voltage design is proposed where feature engineering is performed to enhance the correlation among PVT corners based on a dilated CNN (convolutional neural network) model, and an ensemble model is utilized with two-layer stacking to improve timing prediction accuracy. The proposed method was verified with a commercial RISC (reduced instruction set computer) core under the supply voltage nodes ranging from 0.5 V to 0.9 V. Experimental results demonstrate that the prediction error is limited by 4.9% and 7.9%, respectively, within and across process corners for various working temperatures, which achieves up to 4.4× and 3.9× precision enhancement compared with related learning-based methods.

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KISLYAKOV, Maxim A., Kirill K. KRUTIKOV, and Vyacheslav V. ROZHKOV. "Controlling a Direct Matrix Frequency Converter of Secondary Power Supply Sources for Autonomous Objects." Elektrichestvo 7, no. 7 (2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/0013-5380-2021-7-41-50.

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A version of using "sliding modes" in performing discontinuous control of dynamic objects for matrix frequency converters (MFC) as part of an on-board aircraft network is proposed. Unlike the way used in the existing MFC control algorithms, the sinusoidal voltages available in the primary network are processed according to the proposed modernized technology of "sliding modes". The level of discontinuous voltages is selected from the condition of minimum deviations from the target, which has a favorable effect on the spectrum of output voltages. On the selected time interval, the input primary network phase voltages and the specified output network phase voltages are sampled. A positive minimum difference between the primary network phase voltage closest to its desired value and the specified secondary network phase voltage is produced. This difference acts as a positive discontinuous control. A negative difference acts as a negative discontinuous control. Over the calculated interval, the average deviation from the specified phase voltage is zero. Owing to this feature, the smallest distortions in the MFC output voltage spectrum are obtained at arbitrary loads and evolutions of the primary network voltage frequency and amplitude. Versions of three-phase and six-phase primary sources are considered. The effectiveness of the proposed version of using "sliding modes" has been confirmed by simulation.

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Meyer, H. O., and P. T. Smith. "A photovoltaic high-voltage supply." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 647, no. 1 (August 2011): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.05.030.

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Yang, Xing Wu, Hong Chao Ji, and Wei Gan. "Study of Vehicle Power Supply with AC and DC Mixed Output." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 1225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.1225.

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The paper proposes a AC and DC mixed output VPS(vehicle power supply). It is composed of a two-stage circuit with the input stage and the output stage. The input stage contains a single-phase PWM inverter, a HFT (high-frequency transformer) and an uncontrolled rectifier. The single-phase PWM inverter adopts the open-loop control strategy to convert the low DC voltage into a high-frequency one with square wave. The HFT enhances the voltage and insulates the low-voltage side from the high-voltage side. The uncontrolled rectifier transforms the square voltage into DC voltage. In the output stage, one output uses single-phase PWM inverter and the other uses a DC chopper, both of which adopt the double-loop PWM control mode. The mode consists of an outer voltage loop and an inner current loop to produce desirable voltage and power. With the two-stage control strategy, ideal output currents and the output voltages are obtained, and the input power factor is controllable. The VPS model is established on MATLAB/SIMULINK, and this system is also implemented in laboratory based on DSP TMS320F28335. The results of simulation and experiment verify the proposed VPS system.

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Lin, H., and K. H. Chang. "Substrate-connected high voltage pumping circuits for low supply voltages." Electronics Letters 38, no. 13 (2002): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20020461.

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Phiriyawirut, M., N. Rodchanacheewa, N. Nensiri, and Pitt Supaphol. "Morphology of Electrospun Mats of Soy Protein Isolate and its Blend." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 733–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.733.

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Electrospinning has been recognized as an efficient technique for the forming of polymer nanofibers. In this project interest fabricated Soy Protein Isolate (SPI) nanofibers by electrospinning with different supply voltages, positive and negative charge. SPI was dissolved in 80%-95% w/w acetic acid solution and 80%-90% w/w formic acid solution. Only droplet formation of SPI were found instead of fibril formation, and the droplet morphology of SPI is depended on supply voltage, and type of solvent. SPI droplets from the negative supply voltage have smaller and more nodular than droplets from positive supply voltage. Formic acid SPI solution gives smaller size of droplet and more nodular than acetic acid SPI solution. In order to forming SPI nanofibers, zein/SPI blend were performed. The zein/SPI blend was studied at difference blending ratio. The 95/5 Zein/SPI was found to be the best blend composition for electrospun fiber. In addition, the effects of electrostatic distance and electrostatic voltage on electrospun fiber were also investigated. Increasing electrostatic distance or increasing voltage, smaller size of fiber was obtained.

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Zawawi, Ruhaifi Bin Abdullah, Wajahat H. Abbasi, Seung-Hwan Kim, Hojong Choi, and Jungsuk Kim. "Wide-Supply-Voltage-Range CMOS Bandgap Reference for In Vivo Wireless Power Telemetry." Energies 13, no. 11 (June 10, 2020): 2986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112986.

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The robustness of the reference circuit in a wide range of supply voltages is crucial in implanted devices. Conventional reference circuits have demonstrated a weak performance over wide supply ranges. Channel-length modulation in the transistors causes the circuit to be sensitive to power supply variation. To solve this inherent problem, this paper proposes a new output-voltage-line-regulation controller circuit. When a variation occurs in the power supply, the controller promptly responds to the supply deviation and removes unwanted current in the output path of the reference circuit. The proposed circuit was implemented in a 0.35-μm SK Hynix CMOS standard process. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed reference circuit could generate a reference voltage of 0.895 V under a power supply voltage of 3.3 V, line regulation of 1.85 mV/V in the supply range of 2.3 to 5 V, maximum power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of −54 dB, and temperature coefficient of 11.9 ppm/°C in the temperature range of 25 to 100 °C.

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Saponara, Sergio. "Integrated Bandgap Voltage Reference for High Voltage Vehicle Applications." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 08 (August 12, 2015): 1550125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812661550125x.

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This work presents a bandgap voltage reference (BGR) integrated in 0.25-μm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology. The BGR circuit generates a reference voltage of 1.22 V. It is able to withstand large supply voltage variations of vehicle applications from 4.5 V, e.g., in case of cranking, up to 60-V, maximum value in case of emerging 48-V battery systems for hybrid and electrical vehicles. The circuit has an embedded high-voltage (HV) pseudo-regulator block that provides a more stable internal supply rail for a cascaded low-voltage bandgap core. HV MOS are used only in the pre-regulator block thus allowing the design of a BGR with compact size. The proposed architecture permits to withstand large input voltage variations with a temperature drift of a hundred of ppm/°C, a line regulation (LR) of few mV/V versus the external supply voltage and a power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) higher than 90 dB.

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Jeong, Se Yeong, Jae Yong Cho, Seong Do Hong, Wonseop Hwang, Hamid Jabbar, Jung Hwan Ahn, Jeong Pil Jhun, and Tae Hyun Sung. "Self-Powered Operational Amplifying System with a Bipolar Voltage Generator Using a Piezoelectric Energy Harvester." Electronics 9, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9010041.

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Piezoelectric devices previously studied usually generated a single voltage to power an electronic device. However, depending on the user’s purpose, the electronic device may need dual power supply. Here, we report a self-powered bipolar voltage generator using a piezoelectric energy harvester with two piezoelectric devices. When a force is applied to the piezoelectric energy harvester, the two piezoelectric devices separately supply positive and negative voltages to the operational amplifier that requires dual power supply to amplify an AC signal that have positive and negative polarity. At the same time, the harvester supplies additional power to an electronic device through a DC-to-DC converter with an output voltage of 3.3 V. This technique proves the feasibility of applying the piezoelectric energy harvester to operational amplifying systems in the field of sound, earthquake, and sonar that require both bipolar and single voltages without external power sources.

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Hu, Han Mei, Ya Jing Shi, Yan Hua Zhang, and Ya Ling Fu. "Study on Power Supply of the Feeder Terminal Equipment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 914–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.914.

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Converter transformer is one of the most important equipments of UHVDC power transmission system, its faults directly affects the safe and stable operation of DC system. The valve winding of converter transformer needs to withstand the voltage that consist of DC voltage and serious distortion of AC voltages (harmonic bound) which are similar to the AC sine waveform compound voltage, so in the design and manufacture of the valve side of converter transformer, bushing is much more complex and difficult than alternating current casing. Valve bushing is weak spot of converter transformer insulation. Through the anatomy of failure bushing, the reason of bushing failure is analyzed. Without changing body size of the converter transformer, the bushing of new structure is developed and the old bushing is replaced to improve the reliability of equipment operation.

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Hassan, Turki, and Muntadher Abdullah. "Control Strategy for Three-Phase PWM Boost Rectifier Operating Under Different Supply Voltage Conditions." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.11.1.9.

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In this paper, a proposed control strategy is presented to improve the performance of the pulse width modulation (PWM) boost type rectifier when operating under different supply voltage conditions (balanced, unbalanced, and distorted three-phase supply voltages). The proposed control strategy is divided into two parts, the first part is voltage controller and the second part is current controller. In the voltage controller, Repetitive Controller (RC) is used to reduce the even order harmonics in the regulated output dc voltage so small output capacitor (filter) is used instead of large capacitor. RC also reduces the even order harmonics which appear in the reflected dc current (IMAX), this leads to reduce the odd order harmonics which appear in the input currents. While in the current controller, Enhanced Phase Locked Loop (EPLL) technique is used to obtain sinusoidal and balanced three phases, to construct the reference currents, which are in phase with the fundamental supply voltages. Therefore, the supply-side power factor is kept close to unity. A proportional controller is used to give excellent tracking between the line and the reference currents. The complete system with the proposed control strategy are simulated using Matlab/Simulink. The results for the complete system using repetitive voltage controller are obtained and compared to the results of the system with the conventional voltage controller (Proportional-Integral (PI) controller connected in series with a Low Pass Filter (LPF)). The results with the repetitive controller show better response and stable operation in the steady state under different input voltage conditions, as well as in the transient response under changing the load condition.

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Ai, Yu, Yunming Shi, Shaoyong Chen, Zehui Zhang, Shuai Zhao, and Jianqiang Liu. "High-Voltage Isolated Multiple Output Auxiliary Power Supply with Output Voltage Self-Regulation." Energies 15, no. 6 (March 13, 2022): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062106.

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Power electronic transformers (PETs) have high voltage isolation requirements and a large number of modules, which requires the auxiliary power supply (APS) to achieve high voltage isolation and multiple outputs. This paper proposes a parameter optimization method for the current source APS applied to PETs, enabling the APS to have multiple output voltage self-regulation capabilities. By optimizing the excitation inductance and leakage inductance for the current transformer of the APS, the excitation current plays a regulating role in energy transmission, thus realizing the self-regulation of the output voltages. The proposed method enables the voltage deviation and voltage change of the output modules to be suppressed under the unbalanced loads and large load fluctuations. Moreover, the APS can still operate normally when a short-circuit or an open-circuit fault occurs on the output sides. Therefore, the stability and reliability of the APS are improved, and the design difficulty of the post-stage voltage regulator circuit is also reduced. Finally, the simulation results are given, and a prototype containing three output modules was built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed parameter optimization method.

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Nawaz, Gareeb, and Chhagan Charan. "The Design of An LDO Regulator." ITM Web of Conferences 54 (2023): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20235402010.

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In today’s modern systems on chip (SOCs), a crucial power management circuit is the low-dropout (LDO) regulator. Of course, the need for supply voltage regulation, goes back many years in the past since the circuits have been designed. Today, LDO based voltage regulators are frequently used in a number of mixed-signal systems to produce local supply voltages that feed different building blocks. LDOs try to isolate the noise of the circuit and noise from the global supply and try to reduce their effect on device performance. For the state of desired achievement, each LDO’s architecture is circuited to the specific cell it feeds. An LDO designed to feed a flash analog-to-digital converter, for instance, differs greatly from one designed to input a VCO. In this paper, we direct an LDO for a VCO of 5-GHz LC and point the particulars of 1.2 V as input voltage, produces 1V as output voltage, 5 mA of maximum output current, power supply rejection greater than 40 dB up to 10 MHz and noise voltage present at output that is less than 25nV/√Hz at 1 MHz.

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Bolaño Martínez, Adrián, Isaac Jimenez Navarro, Vladimir Sousa Santos, Enrique Ciro Quispe, and Pablo Daniel Donolo. "MATLAB/Simulink modeling of electric motors operating with harmonics and unbalance." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 5 (October 1, 2022): 4640. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i5.pp4640-4648.

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This paper aims to present a simulation model for the analysis of the operational characteristics of electric motors (EMs). The model was developed on the Simulink platform of the MATLAB program and allows analysis in supply conditions with harmonics and voltage unbalance. The contribution of the model is that it considers the mechanical losses and provides for the study of the effect of each component of the electrical sequence of the harmonics and the voltage unbalance on the electromechanical characteristics of the EM. The model developed was tested in a 37.3 kW EM, operating under four power supply conditions: balanced sinusoidal voltages, balanced non-sinusoidal voltages (i.e., harmonics), unbalanced sinusoidal voltages, and non-sinusoidal unbalanced voltages. The results showed that under the conditions of harmonics and unbalance, the efficiency was reduced by 2%, respectively and that with the combined effects, the efficiency decreased by 4%. The results made it possible to quantify, from the current, voltage, and electrical power values of each sequence, the adverse effects caused by voltage unbalance and harmonics.

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Attia, Hussain. "Novel 9-Steps Automatic AC Voltage Regulator based on Two Step-down Transformers." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i2.pp576-583.

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A novel design and simulation results of 9-steps automatic AC voltage regulator based on one step-down transformer is presented in this paper. Avoiding the problem of surge at the AC load during controlling jump steps is done through the proposed design. Accurate and smooth controlling function is achieved as well. Instead of the necessity of increasing the number of taps of the used multi tap transformer for wide controlling range of fluctuated AC supply voltage, the proposed designed adopts using only two step down transformers with 10 Vrms, and 30 Vrms secondary voltages respectively. Through the controlling of the proposed design of AV voltage regulator, the resultant load voltage is equal the AC supply voltage as well as the suitable voltage step which may one of the following voltages; +40V, +30V, +20V, +10V, 0V, -10V, -20V, -30V, -40V. The electronic design is done Multisim software while the electrical circuit connection of step down transformers and relays contacts that is made by using PSIM software for power circuit design.

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Ariyarathne, Y. S. S., C. A. N. W. K. Jayatissa, and D. S. M. De Silva. "A Study of DC Switching Electric ARC Characteristics for Low Voltages." Journal of Energy Research and Reviews 15, no. 1 (August 29, 2023): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jenrr/2023/v15i1301.

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Aims: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the DC electric arc characteristics for low voltages. And explore the relationship among arc time, arc voltage and arc current. Study Design: The experimental setup mainly consisted of a switch contact pair, variable resistive load, and a variable power supply. An oscilloscope was used to collect the voltage variations of the switch and the load. The voltage variation data were used to do further analysis. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physics and Electronics, University Of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka between September 2021 and May 2022. Methodology: Voltage variations between the contact pair and the load voltage were measured using an oscilloscope for both switching on and off operations. The experiment was performed for four voltage levels; 60 VDC, 80 VDC, 100 VDC, and 120 VDC. For each voltage level, four load conditions were tested. Therein, a total of 16 different conditions were tested. Five tests were done for each condition. The average values were taken for analysis. Conclusion: When the switch contacts start to separate, the arc voltage must reach the arc starting voltage to form an arc. Moreover, according to the supply voltage and current, there is always a maximum voltage value that arc can reach, which is less than the supply voltage (arc ending voltage). After the arc was formed in DC systems, the arc voltage variation with time can be modeled using the trigonometry tan function.

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Mohammed, Jamal Abdul-Kareem, Sahar R. Al-Sakini, and Arkan Ahmed Hussein. "Assessment of disturbed voltage supply effects on steady-state performance of an induction motor." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 2259. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2259-2270.

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An electric power system is usually exposed to unequal and variable loads across its three phases, which leads to voltage unbalance and variation, making the three-phase voltages asymmetrical in nature at the distribution end. This problem is clearly evident in Iraq country, particularly with regard to the fluctuating voltage levels of electricity distribution during peak hours. Providing a three-phase motor with asymmetric voltages is badly affecting its working performance. Estimating the performance of this motor at steady-state under different conditions of voltage disturbances is investigated in this paper through Matlab simulation using Symmetrical component approach. The motor performance represented by active and reactive input powers, output put power, developed torque, power losses, efficiency and power factor is analyzed under full load conditions. Also, the steady-state power losses- and torque-slip characteristics at certain degrees of voltage unbalance have been calculated and plotted

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30

Falka, Rachmat Firdaus, and Yahya Bahar. "Pengukuran Nilai Selisih Error Tegangan Keluaran Catu Daya DC dengan Menggunakan Multimeter Digital dan Multimeter Analog pada Praktikum Laboratorium Dasar Elektronika dan Rangkaian Listrik Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Sriwijaya." Jurnal Pengelolaan Laboratorium Pendidikan 4, no. 2 (June 14, 2022): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jplp.4.2.48-56.

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The power supply as a voltage source with a DC (Direct Current) output voltage or direct current is often used for electronic equipment, both office equipment and household equipment (Imam Saukani, 2020). In using the power supply, the output voltage is selected and high accuracy is required to obtain the output voltage that suits the user's needs. Often times, the power supply used in the practicum does not produce the right output voltage. The purpose of this study is to determine the value of the difference in the output voltage error generated after first determining the voltage value to be used at no-load using a digital multimeter and an analog multimeter as a comparison. After measuring the output voltage of the power supply, the correct voltage value is obtained in each practicum, measurements made at the same time can give definite results of the value of the output voltage of the power supply, the relatively small difference in results ensures that the power supply is in good condition, the output voltage of the power supply is measured using the measuring instrument with repeated measurements 7 (seven) times at each predetermined voltage and obtained a difference of 0.01V – 0.02V. After taking measurements using digital and analog multimeters, it can be concluded that measurements made before the practicum by measuring the output voltage of the power supply can help get the correct voltage value in each practicum, measurements by comparing measuring instruments at the same time can provide definite results of the resulting voltage value by the power supply, the difference in the results obtained is relatively small so as to ensure that the power supply is in good condition, the power supply can be used on loads or electronic equipment that requires a DC voltage source (Genta Subni Ananda Putra, et al, 2020). Practicum can be done well by measuring the output voltage of the power supply. This difference in output voltage results is what the author uses as research material for scientific writing which aims to find solutions to existing errors.

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Souilem, Malek, Rui Melicio, Wael Dghais, Hamdi Belgacem, and Eduardo Rodrigues. "Analysis of Pre-Driver and Last-Stage Power—Ground-Induced Jitter at Different PVT Corners." Sensors 22, no. 17 (August 30, 2022): 6531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176531.

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This paper presents the study of power/ground (P/G) supply-induced jitter (PGSIJ) on a cascaded inverter output buffer. The PGSIJ analysis covers the IO buffer transient simulation under P/G supply voltage variation at three process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) corners defined at different working temperatures and distinct P/G DC supply voltages at the pre-driver (i.e., VDD/VSS) and last stage (i.e., VDDQ/VSSQ). Firstly, the induced jitter contributions by the pre-driver, as well as the last, stage are compared and studied. Secondly, the shared and decoupled P/G supply topologies are investigated. The outcomes of these simulation analyses with respect to worst case jitter corners are determined, while highlighting the importance of modeling the pre-driver circuit behavior to include the induced jitter in the input–output buffer information specification (IBIS)-like model. Accordingly, the measured PGSIJ depends on the corners to be analyzed and, therefore, the designer needs to explore the worst-case corner for the driver’s technology node and the most supply voltage noise affecting the jitter output for signal and power integrity (SiPI) simulations. Finally, the jitter transfer function sensitivity to the amplitude and frequency/phase variations of the separate and combined impacts of the pre-driver and last stage are explored, while discussing the superposition of the power supply induced jitter (PSIJ) induced by both the driver’s IO stages under small signal and large signal supply voltage variations. The linear superposition of the separate PSIJ effects by the pre-driver and last stage depends on the amplitude of the variation of the supply voltage that can drive the transistor to their nonlinear working regions.

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Hartungi, Rusdy. "Investigation of The impact of Unbalanced and Non-sinusoidal Supply Voltages on Converters." International Journal of Smart Grid and Sustainable Energy Technologies 2, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36040/ijsgset.v2i1.218.

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In this paper two input current modulation strategies for matrix converters are experimentally analyzed under two different supply conditions: sinusoidal unbalanced voltages and non-sinusoidal balanced voltages. Both strategies use the Space Vector Modulation (SVM) technique in order to control the matrix converter accordingly to the input and output constraints. Strategy A modulates the input currents keeping the corresponding space vector in phase with the input voltage vector. Strategy B operates in order to keep the input current vector in phase with the positive sequence fundamental component of the input voltage vector. A comparison between the two strategies is made in terms of the reduction of the input current disturbances due to the unbalanced and non sinusoidal voltage on the grid. It is found that a dynamic current modulation strategy, independent of the voltage disturbances such as Strategy B, is more effective for the reduction of the RMS value of input current disturbances. The validity of the theoretical investigation i.e. the effectiveness of the current modulation strategy conforms to experimental tests result carried out on a matrix converter prototype.

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Makov, Sergei, Boris Kudryavcev, Ilya Grinev, and Alexander Minaev. "High voltage energy efficiency power supply." E3S Web of Conferences 279 (2021): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127902012.

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This article discusses the selection of operating modes for the high voltage power supply of the electrostatic dust collector. Methods of high voltage generation, voltage regulation in converters and the choice of the converter operation mode are considered.

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He, Yong Tai, and Li Xian Xiao. "A High Efficiency Solar PV Micro-Power Supply Integrated with Wireless Sensor Nodes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.495.

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In the wireless sensor nodes integrated with the solar PV micro-power supply, the solar energy conversion efficiency and utilization efficiency directly determine working life and stability of the wireless sensor nodes. Thus, a novel solar PV micro-power supply is designed which four solar cell arrays with same open voltage are designed and they are placed in top and three sides of the wireless sensor nodes. Simultaneous, the optimal voltage control technology is used to control work voltage of four solar cell arrays in the design. In addition, the prototype of wireless sensor node integrated with the solar PV micro-power supply is done. Moreover, the working characteristics of the prototype are tested in natural condition. The working voltages of four solar cell arrays are controlled in range of optimal voltage, and the solar cell arrays have high conversion efficiency. The output energy of system is increased about 50% by adding side solar cell arrays.

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35

Drabek, Tomasz, and Krzysztof Krzyściak. "Operation of the induction motor in non-sinusoidal voltage supply conditions." Science, Technology and Innovation 8, no. 1 (May 6, 2020): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1367.

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The paper presents the theoretical basis of the mathematical expression derived from the American standard, used to determine the thermally permissible torque load capacity of the cage induction motors when supplied with distorted voltages. The results of the measurement verification of this expression for different voltage shapes supplying the tested motor are presented. The test results confirmed the correctness of the expression when the motor is supplied with distorted voltage with a limited number of higher harmonics.

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36

Do, Thanh Lich. "Research, assessment and proposals on resolving power quality problem for the power supply system of Lam Dong alumina refinery, Vietnam." Gornye nauki i tekhnologii = Mining Science and Technology (Russia) 6, no. 2 (July 14, 2021): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2021-2-121-127.

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Alumina production is rather complex technological process of processing mineral raw materials that requires development of effective technological solutions, including in terms of efficiency of using electric energy. The paper is devoted to studying the power supply system of an alumina refinery inLam Dong Province,Vietnam. The tasks that need to be solved for improving the power quality in the power supply system were analyzed. It was shown that non-linear loads significantly degrade the power quality that in turn leads to equipment damage, malfunction and decreasing the refinery productivity. Models of the refinery power supply system were developed and, using which, the quality of power was assessed at the 6 kV voltage utility bus of the power supply system, as well as at the 6 kV and 0.4 kV buses of distribution substations of individual refinery’s subdivisions. Analysis of the simulation findings showed that the nonlinear loads lead to significant distortions of sinusoidal forms of voltages and currents, and decreasing the power factor. Based on the simulation results, it was concluded that voltage harmonics and current harmonics at nonlinear load at the low voltage buses of 0.4 kV and at the buses of 6 kV exceed the permissible limits of the harmonics in accordance with IEEEST519-1992 international standard. Proposals were developed for improving the power quality in the refinery power supply system. For suppressing higher harmonics of current and voltage, it was recommended to use special power quality regulators in the alumina refinery power supply system. It was proposed to use active harmonic filters as the power quality regulators. The proposed solutions allowed obtaining practically sinusoidal forms of voltages and currents in the alumina refinery power supply system.

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37

Vinnal, T., K. Janson, J. Järvik, H. Kalda, and T. Sakkos. "Supply voltage quality in low voltage industrial networks of Estonia." Estonian Journal of Engineering 18, no. 2 (2011): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/eng.2012.2.02.

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38

Wu, Meng-Chen, Ming-Ching Lu, Hung-Ming Chen, and Jing-Yang Jou. "Performance-constrained voltage assignment in multiple supply voltage SoC floorplanning." ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems 15, no. 1 (December 2009): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1640457.1640460.

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39

Basyurt, Pinar Basak, Edoardo Bonizzoni, Devrim Yilmaz Aksin, and Franco Maloberti. "Voltage reference architectures for low-supply-voltage low-power applications." Microelectronics Journal 46, no. 11 (November 2015): 1012–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2015.08.005.

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40

MATSUDA, T. "A Temperature and Supply Voltage Independent CMOS Voltage Reference Circuit." IEICE Transactions on Electronics E88-C, no. 5 (May 1, 2005): 1087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietele/e88-c.5.1087.

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41

Ulfa, Husnul, Zahra Dea Syafila, Tryadi Herlambang, Aliffa Nur Hasana, and Nadhira Aliya Zahra. "Perancangan dan Simulasi Power Supply Simetris pada Yenka." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Elektro 3, no. 2 (October 10, 2022): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jpte.v3i2.206.

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This research was conducted to test the accuracy of the symmetric power supply circuit based on the data made in the table. Symmetrical power supply circuit is designed based on bipolar power supply, have wave power supply and full wave power supply. with the circuit test data made in the table. A power supply, also known as a dual output power supply, is a type of adapter in a circuit that produces two output voltages (output) in a balanced but opposite direction to ground (zero). when at the voltage level at the negative and positive terminals to ground (Reference) with a position of 180 ° inverse from each other. The power supply circuit can work from a symmetrical adapter circuit as a voltage reducer, to switch alternating or AC voltages so that they are reversed into direct or DC voltages. The current source of the power supply converts the alternating current from the AC power plant which is then converted into DC. In addition, the result of this output makes +Vcc and –Vcc. The power supply circuit plays an important role in electronic devices such as computers, phone chargers, and televisions. On a computer the power supply can be found on the cable that is connected to the supply. The power supply can also function to protect electronic components from damage that occurs due to electrical damage that occurs. Testing the accuracy of the symmetrical power supply circuit using the yenka simulator to support the research. This simulator has complete features that make it easier for researchers to assemble circuits. In the simulation of symmetrical power supply bipolar output, full wave power supply and have wave power supply.

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42

Lau, K. T. "On-chips MOS supply voltage converter." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 35, no. 4 (1989): 872–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/30.106911.

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43

Katalin, Ágoston. "Voltage Monitoring and Supply Controlling System." Procedia Manufacturing 32 (2019): 380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.229.

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44

Goedbloed, Jasper. "Transients in Low-Voltage Supply Networks." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC-29, no. 2 (May 1987): 104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.1987.304349.

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45

Wu, Xiao Peng, Cheng Ning Zhang, and Yu Gang Dong. "Effect of DC Supply Voltage on Eddy Current Loss in Permanent Magnet of Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicle Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 310 (February 2013): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.310.262.

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The 2-D time-stepping finite element method is adopted to systematically analyze the effect of DC supply voltage of inverter on eddy current loss in permanent magnet of PMSM for EV application. The finite element model and inverter model are built to calculate the winding currents, eddy current losses in permanent magnet and air-gap flux densities with different DC supply voltages when the motor runs in flux-weakening area. Analysis shows that, the eddy current increases significantly with the increase of DC supply voltage, although the fundamental winding current decreases. The temperature-rise experiment of permanent magnet is carried out, proving the validity of analysis.

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46

Nizov, Anatoly S., Andrey N. Shtin, Konstantin G. Shumakov, and Dmitry V. Lesnikov. "Operation modes of a semiconductor voltage-boosting device for voltage regulation at traction substations." Innotrans, no. 4 (2022): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/2311-164x-2022-4-58-64.

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One of the ways to strengthen the DC power supply system of the main railways of Russia is the use of semiconductor voltage-boosting devices for voltage regulation at traction substations. The work of diode and thyristor bridge rectifiers connected in series with it is considered in the article. The analysis is performed under the condition that active and reactive resistances of the supply network and the converter transformer are zero. It was found out that, depending on the magnitude of the control angle, such a converter can have two modes of operation. For these modes, time diagrams of the rectified voltages of both the thyristor bridge and the entire converter are constructed. Expressions are obtained for determining the average values of the rectified voltages of a 12-pulse diode rectifier of a serial type and a 12-pulse thyristor rectifier of a parallel type connected in series with it. The calculation of the adjustment characteristics of this adjustable converter is performed.

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47

Endrawadi, Gede, I. Wayan Sukerayasa, and Wayan Gede Ariastina. "STUDI PENGARUH TIDAK BEROPERASINYA PLTSa SUWUNG TERHADAP PROFIL TEGANGAN PADA PENYULANG SERANGAN." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 5, no. 2 (December 19, 2018): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2018.v05.i02.p38.

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The power plant with renewable energy sources is needed to reduce the pollution. One of this kind is in Bali, that is PLTSa (Garbage Power Plant) Suwung. However, PLTSa Suwung is no longer operating for now. PLTSa Suwung is connected with Serangan feeder, this connection named Distributed Generation. When PLTSa Suwung doesn’t operate, it will affect the Serangan feeder’s voltage profile. The change of voltage profile will be analyzed with EDSA Technical 2000 Service Pack 3.5 software. The research will give five scenarios with different electrical power supply from each scenario. The gap of the voltage profile between scenario 1 (100% power supply from PLTSa) and scenario 5 (0% power suplly from PLTSa) is 0,0079% for medium voltage bus and 0,0062% for low voltage bus. This small gap shows that the connected PLTSa Suwung doesn’t give effect to voltage profile of Serangan feeder.

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48

Olmos, Alfredo, Fabricio Ferreira, Fernando Paixão Cortes, Fernando Chavez, and Marcelo Soares Lubaszewski. "A 2-Transistor Sub-1V Low Power Temperature Compensated CMOS Voltage Reference: Design and Application." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 10, no. 2 (December 28, 2015): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v10i2.408.

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This paper presents the design and application of a CMOS sub-1V voltage reference using a 2-transistor Self-Cascode MOSFET (SCM) structure able to get low power consumption, temperature compensation, and small area. An efficient design procedure applied to this simple topology relying on NMOS transistors with different threshold voltages allows attaining large immunity against bias current and supply voltage variations. The two transistors can operate in weak, moderate, or strong inversion making the design flexible in terms of area and power consumption. Implemented in a > 0.18mm standard CMOS technology, the circuit provides a 400mV voltage reference with a variation of ±0.18% from -20°C to 75°C (or less than 15ppm/°C), operates from 3.6V down to 800mV while biased with a 5nA resistor-less PTAT current source that varies ±30% over PVT, and consumes less than 20nA with an area of 0.01mm2. The same concept was used to create a temperature compensated voltage drop with regard to a monitored power supply voltage but using a 2-PMOS SCM structure with transistors of different threshold voltages. These two circuits were adopted as part of a Power Management (PM) system for RFID tag applications. The PM includes a LDO voltage regulator and a low voltage detector that require both the voltage reference and the low voltage monitor. The LDO regulated output voltage and the trip-point of the voltage detector vary +/-5.5% and +/-3.3%, respectively, over temperature, without trimming.

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Li, Zheng Da, and Lin Xie. "One Kind of Band-Gap Voltage Reference Source with Piecewise High-Order Temperature Compensation and Power Supply Rejection Ratio." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 3575–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.3575.

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This paper designed a new band-gap voltage reference circuit with two-stage temperature compensation.It realizes non-linear temperature compensation by using NMOS-pipe leakage current and increases the power supply rejection ratio of the band-gap voltage reference source by introducing negative feedback between the operational amplifier and the power supply. What is more, the paper simulates the band-gap voltage reference source based on CSMC 0.5μm CMOS technique. The result as follow: the band-gap voltage reference source has the temperature coefficient of 8.2ppm/oC among-40-120oC with the supply voltage of 3V, the low-frequency power supply rejection ratio is 83dBat 27oC and the power supply rejection ratio is 71dB in 1KHz, the output voltage regulation is 1.05mV/V in the supply voltage range from 2.4V to 5V.

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50

Antsiferov, N. S. "Ways to Reduce Power Losses in Mining Power Supply Lines." Mining science and technology 4, no. 2 (August 25, 2019): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2019-2-150-156.

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Electric energy is the most common and universal form of energy. It can be produced in large quantities near energy sources, transmitted to large distances, easily distributed between consumers and converted into mechanical, thermal, and light energy. Ensuring reliable and economical quality electric energy supply to mining enterprises with the optimal use of energy resources is one of the most important tasks facing the country's energy sector. In the Russian Federation, high degree of concentration of generating capacities at power plants has been achieved. The main capacities are concentrated in power plants with installed capacity of more than 1 million kW. High importance of the electric power industry is determined by the infrastructural nature of the industry and the direct relationship between the country's economic growth and the level of its development effectiveness. One of the most pressing problems of modern electricity supply is the problem of ensuring the quality of electric energy. The main reason for the deterioration in the electricity quality is widespread non-linear loads that create non-sinusoidal currents and voltage unbalance during their operation. The voltage unbalance is most often caused by the presence of an unbalanced load. Unbalanced load currents flowing through the elements of the power supply system cause unbalanced voltage losses in them. This results in appearance of unbalanced voltages on the terminals of electric apparatus. The voltage deviations at electric apparatus overdriven phase may exceed the normally acceptable values, while the voltage deviations at electric apparatus other phases may remain within the normal limits. In addition to the deterioration of the voltage mode at electric apparatus under the unbalanced voltage conditions, the operating conditions of both the electric apparatus and all the network elements are significantly worsened, and the reliability of the electrical equipment and the power supply system as a whole decreased. The paper considers the issues of reducing the voltage losses in power supply networks by improving quality of electric power.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Voltage supply'

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