Relevant bibliographies by topics / Voltage ratios

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Voltage ratios'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Voltage ratios"

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Arbutina, Dalibor, Aleksandra Vasić-Milovanović, and Uroš Kovačević. "Probabilistic analysis of voltage divider ratios." FME Transactions 47, no. 3 (2019): 624–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fmet1903624a.

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Galliana, Flavio, Pier Paolo Capra, Roberto Cerri, and Marco Lanzillotti. "Automated precision DC voltage fixed ratios divider." Measurement 122 (July 2018): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2018.03.045.

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Ali, E., A. Helal, H. Desouki, K. Shebl, S. Abdelkader, and O. P. Malik. "Power transformer differential protection using current and voltage ratios." Electric Power Systems Research 154 (January 2018): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.08.026.

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Ragheb, A., and Hyung Kim. "Reference-Free Dynamic Voltage Scaler Based on Swapping Switched-Capacitors." Energies 12, no. 4 (February 15, 2019): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040625.

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This paper introduces a reference-free, scalable, and energy-efficient dynamic voltage scaler (DVS) that can be reconfigured for multiple outputs. The proposed DVS employs a novel swapping switched-capacitor (SSC) technique, which can generate target output voltages with higher resolution and smaller ripple voltages than the conventional voltage scalers based on switched-capacitors. The proposed DVS consists of a cascaded 2:1 converter based on swapping capacitors, which is essential to achieve both very small voltage ripple and fine-grain conversion ratios. One of the serious drawbacks of the conventional voltage scalers is the need for external reference voltages to maintain the target output voltage. The proposed SSC; however, eliminates the needs for any reference voltages. This significant benefit is achieved by the self-charging ability of the SSC, which can recharge all its capacitors to the configured voltage by simply swapping the two capacitors in each stage. The proposed SSC-DVS was designed with a resolution of 16 output levels and implemented using a 130 nm CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide semiconductor) process. We conducted measured results and post-layout simulations with an input voltage of 1.5 V to produce an output voltage range of 0.085–1.4 V, which demonstrated a power efficiency of 85% for a load current of 550 µA with a voltage ripple of as low as 2.656 mV for a 2 KΩ resistor load.
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Jabberi, Henda, and Faouzi Ben Ammar. "New advanced concept of the flying capacitor asymmetric multilevel voltage source inverter." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 37, no. 3 (May 8, 2018): 1166–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-04-2017-0168.

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Purpose To improve the voltage quality in AC adjustable high-power-speed-drive applications, the purpose of the paper is to provide a large number of output levels without increasing the number of commutation cells in the three-phase, n-cells flying capacitor voltage source asymmetric Multilevel Inverter (MI). The concept is based on the selection of different ratios between the breakdown voltages of two successive power devices. The new mathematical model is developed under various ratios, allows a thorough investigation of the harmonic distortions, flying capacitor energy storage, flying capacitor voltage balancing controllability and blocking voltage insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) capability. Design/methodology/approach The asymmetrical design provides a large number of output levels without increasing the number of commutation cells. The important new analytical expression of capacitors voltage distribution is derived and extended to any ratio between the switch breakdown voltages of two successive power devices. Findings The detailed simulation study of the proposed concept has been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink. The power switches control of the three-phase three-cell MI is assured by new phase-shifted-multi-carrier pulse width modulation. The space vector representation is used to show the regular and irregular step output voltage in the complex plan (α,β). Originality/value In the paper, the n cells flying capacitor inverter, which typically operates in the (n + 1) levels mode, was extended to (n + 2), (n + 3) … until 2n levels with regular or irregular step output voltage. Consequently, the claimed advantages of the asymmetric MI are to improve power quality by reducing harmonic distortions and to reduce the requirement on capacitive energy storage in the circuit.
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Lv, Caifeng, Xiujie Huang, and Shancheng Zhao. "A Nonuniform Reference Voltage Optimization Based on Relative-Precision-Loss Ratios in MLC NAND Flash Memory." Computer and Information Science 14, no. 2 (April 13, 2021): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v14n2p75.

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In Multi-Level-Cell (MLC) NAND flash memory, cell-to-cell interference (CCI) and retention time have become the main noise that degrades the data storage reliability. To mitigate such noise, a relative precision loss (RPL) nonuniform reference voltage sensing strategy is proposed in this paper. First, based on the NAND flash channel model with CCI and retention noise, we simulate the data storage process of MLC NAND flash by Monte Carlo method, and find that the threshold-voltage of each disturbed storage state shows approximately to be Gaussian distributed. Then, by Gaussian approximation, the distribution of threshold voltage can be estimated easily in mathematics with a little loss. Second, we introduce a concept of log-likelihood ratio (LLR)-based RPL ratio to determine the dominating overlap regions, and then propose a new nonuniform reference voltage sensing strategy. This strategy does not only reduce the memory sensing precision (i.e., the number of reference voltages), but also maintains the reliability of the soft information of NAND flash memory channel output for soft decoding. Third, we implement extensive simulations to verify the performance of the new nonuniform sensing strategy. The BER performances of LDPC codes for different sensing strategies are provided to show that the proposed LLR-based RPL-nonuniform sensing strategy can make a good compromise between memory sensing latency and error-correction performance.
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Di Fazio, Anna, Mario Russo, and Michele De Santis. "Zoning Evaluation for Voltage Optimization in Distribution Networks with Distributed Energy Resources." Energies 12, no. 3 (January 26, 2019): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030390.

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This paper deals with the problem of the voltage profile optimization in a distribution system including distributed energy resources. Adopting a centralized approach, the voltage optimization is a non-linear programming problem with large number of variables requiring a continuous remote monitoring and data transmission from/to loads and distributed energy resources. In this study, a recently-proposed Jacobian-based linear method is used to model the steady-state operation of the distribution network and to divide the network into voltage control zones so as to reformulate the centralized optimization as a quadratic programming of reduced dimension. New clustering methods for the voltage control zone definition are proposed to consider the dependence of the nodal voltages on both active and reactive powers. Zoning methodologies are firstly tested on a 24-nodes low voltage network and, then, applied to the voltage optimization problem with the aim of analyzing the impact of the R/X ratios on the zone evaluation and on the voltage optimization solution.
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Norris, Joseph D., and Ndaona Chokani. "Rapid Scanning of Overheat Ratios Using a Constant Voltage Anemometer." AIAA Journal 41, no. 8 (August 2003): 1619–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.2122.

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Ado, Muhammad, Awang Jusoh, Tole Sutikno, Mohd Hanipah Muda, and Zeeshan Ahmad Arfeen. "Dual output DC-DC quasi impedance source converter." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 3988. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp3988-3998.

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A double output port DC-DC quasi impedance source converter (q-ZSC) is proposed. Each of the outputs has a different voltage gain. One of the outputs is capable of bidirectional (four-quadrant) operation by only varying the duty ratio. The second output has the gain of traditional two-switch buck-boost converter. Operation of the converter was verified by simulating its responses for different input voltages and duty ratios using MATLAB SIMULINK software. Its average steady-state output current and voltage values were determined and used to determine the ripples that existed. These ripples are less than 5% of the average steady-state values for all the input voltage and duty ratio ranges considered.
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Akhmetbayev, Dauren S., Abdigali R. Dzhandigulov, and Svetlana V. Bystrova. "Topological system method of formation of transformer transformation coefficients." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601087.

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A systematic approach to determining the control range of the on-load tap-changer of transformers from the standpoint of the synthesis of the voltage mode is proposed. Transformations of the equation of nodal voltages, formalized on the basis of the topology of a complex electrical network, with respect to the transformation ratios of transformers are given.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Voltage ratios"

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Dupuis, Sebastien. "Influence des ratios de co-expression précis Cx43 : Cx45 sur la formation des canaux de jonction et leurs propriétés électriques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0375/document.

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Les canaux de jonctions (CJ) composés des connexines (Cxs) assurent la communication intercellulaire directe qui par leur propriétés électriques régulent la propagation du potentiel d’action (PA) cardiaque. Dans les myocytes ventriculaires Cx43 et Cx45 exprimées à des niveaux et ratios physiopathologiques variables assurent cette fonction. Cette étude détermine la contribution de Cx43 et Cx45 dans la formation des CJ et leurs propriétés électriques. La lignée cellulaire épithéliale de foie de rat exprimant la Cx43 endogène et transfectée de manière stable pour exprimer des ratios Cx43:Cx45 précis a été utilisée. Les propriétés électriques des CJ ont été obtenues par double voltage clamp sur paires de cellules. L’expression de la Cx45 diminue le couplage électrique et augmente la dépendance au potentiel de jonction indépendamment du ratio. Les cinétiques de désactivation sont ralenties avec l’augmentation du niveau d’expression de Cx45 et les cinétiques de restitution sont modifiées en fonction du ratio. Les conductances unitaires suggèrent la formation de CJ composés de Cx43 et Cx45. La diminution du niveau d’expression de Cx43 par ARNi anti-Cx43 entraine une diminution du couplage électrique tandis que les autres propriétés électriques restent inchangées. Ces résultats montrent une contribution spécifique de Cx43 et Cx45 dans la régulation de la formation et des propriétés électriques des CJ caractérisées. Ces propriétés seront corrélées à la participation des CJ dans la régulation de la propagation du PA en fonction des profils d’expression des Cxs en conditions physiologiques et pathologiques
Gap junction channels (GJCs), composed of connexins (Cxs) allow a direct intercellular communication that ensures the cardiac action potential (AP) propagation. Cx43 and Cx45 co-expressed in ventricular myocytes with changing expression levels and ratios in the healthy and the diseased heart ensure this function. The purpose of this study is to determine the contribution of Cx43 and Cx45 on the formation of GJCs and their electrical properties. Rat Liver Epithelial cells that endogenously express Cx43 and stably transfected to co-express accurate Cx43:Cx45 ratios have been used. The electrical properties of GJCs at each ratios were obtained by performing dual voltage clamp recordings on cell pairs. Expression of Cx45 decreases the electrical coupling and increases the voltage dependence independently of the ratio. The kinetics of deactivation are slowed with the increases of Cx45 level of expression and the kinetics of recovery are modified in a Cx43:Cx45 ratio dependent manner. Unitary conductances suggest a formation of GJCs composed by Cx43 and Cx45. The decreases of Cx43 level of by a SiRNA treatment induces a decrease of the electrical coupling, while other electrical properties are not affected. Our data show a specific contribution of Cx43 and Cx45 in regulation of the GJCs characterized by specific electrical properties. Such properties will be correlated to the function of GJCs in regulating the AP propagation in the specific patterns of expression of Cxs in the healthy and diseased heart
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Kolařík, Robin. "Analýza energetických toků v obci do 3 000 obyvatel a vysokou úrovní penetrace střešních FV instalací." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442542.

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This diploma thesis is focused on the issue of connecting new sources to the distribution system and their subsequent operation in the network. The theoretical part describes the conditions of connection and operation of resources in the network according to the established rules. In the practical part, a number of photovoltaic sources and battery vehicles are implemented into the current system according to selected scenarios. Subsequently, the daily course of power flow and voltage conditions in the network is calculated.
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Thomas, Stephan [Verfasser]. "A Medium-Voltage Multi-Level DC/DC Converter with High Voltage Transformation Ratio / Stephan Thomas." Aachen : Shaker, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1049383176/34.

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Theed, Justin Edward. "Environmental parameter for cable ratings." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287344.

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Jonsson, Erik. "Load Current Interruption in Air for Medium Voltage Ratings." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elkraftteknikk, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-24327.

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Load break switches (LBSs) are common inside metal clad switchgear assemblies where space is a limiting factor. SF6 is usually used in this application due to its superior electrical characteristics, but is unfortunately also a strong greenhouse gas. Therefore development of new products, utilizing air which is an environmental friendly alternative, is in progress. Since air has much lower dielectric strength than SF6, the main challenge with this is therefore to reduce the size. Compact SF6 products have created a retrofit market, and in many existing installation sites larger products will not fit. Current interruption is a complex process and depends on several parameters, and it is not straight forward to optimize the design of a medium voltage (MV) switch. Numerical simulation which is a common for product development in other areas is difficult for this application. Due to the long dominance of SF6 products, little research has been published about the design criteria for LBS technology in air. The scope of the thesis covers current interruption of MV LBSs in air with respect to various design parameters, such as nozzle geometry, nozzle materials, gas flow, and contact movement. Both gas blow-assisted current interruption (associated with puffer breakers) and ablation-assisted current interruption are addressed. The material in the nozzle can enhance the interruption capability. Such a nozzle material is called ablation material. When the arc is burning close to the surface of an ablation material, gas is evaporated which cools the arc. This technology is used to some extent for low voltage switchgear, but much less for higher voltages. The objective is therefore to investigate the potential of this technology for the MV LBS application. All work is done experimentally with similar test conditions as are used for product type testing. A direct powered MV laboratory and a test switch are built. The test switch is designed particularly for parameter studies. The result from air blow experiments reveal the minimum upstream pressure drop required for current interruption for various basic nozzle geometries, and at different contact positions. One study is particular relevant for the 24 kV / 630 A class, and it is found that 0.25 - 0.3 bar upstream pressure drop appears to be a threshold value for successful interruption. It is also presented how the minimum upstream pressure drop varies for different MV LBS ratings. The results show that the needed pressure drop is approximately proportional, both towards the current and towards the rate of rise of recovery voltage. This investigation is made so that the majority of all MV LBS ratings (7 - 52 kV and up to 900 A) are covered. From the ablation experiments it was found that high content of hydrogen in the ablation material is favorable for enhancing the current interruption capability. In a comparison experiment between different polymers, polypropylene shows best interruption capability. This material was therefor applied as ablation material in the test switch, and tested in the MV laboratory. The results reveal high capability to interrupt the thermal phase (over the needs for most MV LBSs), but also that the transient recovery voltage several milliseconds after current zero often leads to dielectric re-ignition. This is opposite to a puffer breaker where the thermal interruption instead appears to be the crucial part.
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Bilgili, Hulusi Birol. "Pressure, Gas Ratio And Operation Voltage Optimization Of A Helium-neon Laser." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605917/index.pdf.

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Aim of this thesis is to investigate the optimum working parameters of a helium-neon laser. Partial pressure ratios, total pressures of the gases and voltage-current characteristics were studied. The analysis of the results includes the minor factors (impurity, volume, etc.) and their effects to main parameters (laser power, voltage, current). Tables, which were formed by measured optical parameters as wavelength and power, converted to graphs and from these graphs optimal working conditions for the laser are obtained.
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Huang, Ziyi. "Rating methodology of high voltage mass impregnated DC cable circuits." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/372744/.

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With the continuing growth in energy consumption worldwide, the move towards a European wide super grid will result in significant changes in how modern transmission and distribution networks are operated. Fundamental to this is the need to accurately know or determine the available ampacity of high voltage cable circuits, because huge bulk power volumes need to be transmitted between maritime nations through dc power cables. Therefore, an accurate cable rating becomes paramount towards an efficient and safe operation of transmission networks, while the finance for large scale network construction schemes is limited. Although the standardised thermal-limited rating has been successfully implemented for traditional ac cable networks for over 50 years, the move towards dc cable transmission imposes extra physical constraints on the cable rating, which are not considered by standard rating approaches. The two main concerns are the potential dielectric electrical breakdown prior to a normal thermal runaway and the development of dielectric cavities during cable cooling. In addition, the thermal-limited rating of submarine dc cable crossings, within a complex marine environment, requires an advanced numerical modelling method, where the traditional IEC thermal-limited rating method does not apply. Besides the technical value, significant interest exists both within the electrical power industry and organizations such as Cigré and IEC, because this work will inform future international standards for rating high voltage dc cables. Considering the dielectric electrical stress constraint as the limiting factor for cable ratings, an analytical electrical stress-limited rating method has been developed and successfully benchmarked by numerical simulations for a practical cable design. This method allows ratings to be calculated against a criterion of maximum dielectric electrical strength. Considering the dielectric cavity creation threshold as the limiting factor for cable ratings, a comprehensive study has been conducted, including thermal dynamics, theory of elasticity and electrical circuit theory. Subsequently, the analytical calculation of the cable internal pressure has been originally developed, together with a concept of the mechanical pressure-limited rating. The method has been successfully demonstrated for a practical cable design, yielding a rating which prevents the creation of cavity due to potential plastic deformations of the cable sheath. When crossings are inevitably installed, cables are pushed towards their thermal limit, as a result of the mutual heating. In order to accurately rate these circuits under various ambient conditions; Finite Element Analysis (FEA) methods have been developed. Compared to the traditional IEC calculation, FEA modelling provides a more reasonable and accurate solution, by releasing idealistic assumptions in the IEC method. In addition, a systematic cable rating strategy has been suggested and successfully demonstrated through rating submarine high voltage dc cable crossings, which considers highly coupled physics: thermal, electrical and mechanical. In summary, this thesis contributes towards the modern rating methodology development for hvdc mass impregnated cable circuits, under a purpose of efficient and reliable long-term operation.
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Radić, Aleksandar. "Comparative analysis of high input voltage and high voltage conversion ratio step-down converters equipped with silicon carbide and ultrafast silicon diodes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/861.

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DC to DC step-down applications with high input voltage and high voltage conversion ratio operational requirements, such as photovoltaic battery chargers, are subject to high conduction losses, high switching losses and substantial reverse-recovery losses when minority carrier principle diodes are used. The recent introduction of silicon carbide diodes with high breakdown voltages has made possible the elimination of reverse-recovery losses at high voltage levels and as such has sparked interest in their use due to the potential efficiency improvements. This report presents the results of a comprehensive analysis on the use of silicon carbide diodes and their counterparts, ultrafast silicon diodes, in conventional buck converters and isolated current-fed buck converters in high input voltage and high voltage conversion ratio step-down applications. The analysis illustrates both theoretically, with the use of steady-state average models, and experimentally the substantial efficiency benefits of the use of reverse-recovery free silicon carbide diodes in the conventional buck converter and the small but significant improvement in the efficiency of the isolated current-fed buck converter. The improvements of the conventional buck converter paired with silicon carbide diodes are shown to be significant enough to grant the variant the most efficient position for power levels below 1 kW. In addition, the four variants are categorized based on their cost and performance; therefore, providing engineers with a convenient guide to aid their selection of the appropriate converter depending on the operational requirements.
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Xu, Jing. "Technology for Planar Power Semiconductor Devices Package with Improved Voltage Rating." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26373.

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The high-voltage SiC power semiconductor devices have been developed in recent years. They cause an urgent in the need for the power semiconductor packaging to have not only low interconnect resistance, less noise, less parasitic oscillations, improved reliability, and better thermal management, but also High-Voltage (HV) blocking capability. The existing power semiconductor packaging technologies includes wire-bonding interconnect, press pack, flip-chip technology, metal posts interconnected parallel plates structure (MIPPS), dimple array interconnection (DAI), power overlay (POL) technology, and embedded power (EP) technology. None of them meets the requirements of low profile and high voltage rating. The objective of the work in this dissertation is to propose and design a high-voltage power semiconductor device packaging method with low electric field stress and low profile to meet the requirments of high-voltage blocking capability. The main contributions of the work presented in this dissertation are: 1. Understanding the electric field distribution in the package. The power semiconductor packaging is simulated by using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software. The electric field distribution is known and the locations of high electric field concentration are identified. 2. Development of planar high-voltage power semiconductor device packaging method With the proposed structure in the dissertation, the electric field distribution of a planar device package is improved and the high electric field intensity is relieved. 3. Development of design guidelines for the propsed planar high-voltage device packaging method. The influence of the structure dimensions and the material properties is studied. An optimal design is identified. The design guideline is given. 4. Fabrication and experimental verification of the proposed high-voltage device packaging method A detailed fabrication procedure which follows the design guideline is presented. The fabricated modules are tested by using a high power curve tracer. Test results verify the proposed method. 5. Simplification of the structure model of the proposed device package The package structure model is simplified through the elimination of power semiconductor device internal structure model. The simplified model can be simulated by a non-power device simulator. The simulation results of the simplified model match the simulation results of the complete model very well.
Ph. D.
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Dantas, Bruna Priscilla Vasconcelos. "Participação dos canaisTRP nos efeitos cardiovasculares induzidos por carvacrol em ratos." Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6854.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:00:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2275378 bytes, checksum: fcb4196c739d83997818dc074daf738f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-11
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The pharmacological effects of carvacrol, a monoterpenoid phenol, on the cardiovascular system were studied in normotensive rats, using in vivo and in vitro techniques. In superior mesenteric artery rings isolated from rats with functional endothelium carvacrol (10-8 - 3 ₓ 10-4 M) concentration-dependently relaxed phenylephrine-induced contractions (pD2 = 4.59  0.02, MR = 103.03  1.5%, N=8) and this effect was not altered after removal of the endothelium (pD2 = 4.36  0.02, MR = 111.03  4.8%, N=8), suggesting that the vasorelaxant response induced by carvacrol appears to be independent of vascular endothelium. Furthermore, carvacrol antagonized the vasoconstriction induced by high K+ solution (Tyrode with 80 mM of KCl) (pD2 = 4.12  0.01, MR = 94.38  3.97%, N=6), inhibited contraction elicited by CaCl2 in depolarizing (KCL 60 mM) nominally without Ca2+ medium out carvacrol also antagonized the contractions induced by the L-type Ca2+ channel agonist, S(-)-Bay K 8644 (pD2 = 4.537  0.023, MR = 9.8  3.58%, N=6), indicating that the vasodilatation involve probably the inhibition of Ca2+ influx through L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels (Cav type-L). Additionally, carvacrol antagonized the contractions induced by CaCl2 in nominally without Ca2+ medium in the presence of PHE and nifedipine, suggesting a possible inhibition of calcium influx by store operated channels (SOC), receptor operated channels (ROC) and/or TRP channels. Interestingly, in a depolarizing (KCL 60 mM) nominally without Ca2+ medium and in the presence of nifedipine, carvacrol also inhibited the contraction induced by CaCl2, suggesting a probable inhibition of SOC and/or TRP channels. To evaluate the involvement of TRP channels in the vasorelaxant effect induced by carvacrol, non-selective inhibitors were used. No change in the relaxation response was observed in the presence of ruthenium red (pD2= 4.31  0.029, N=6), however, the effect induced by carvacrol was potentiated by La3+ (pD2 = 5.231  0,04, N=6), Gd3+ (pD2 = 4.97  0.02, N=6) or Ni2+ (pD2 = 5.079  0.02, N=6), furthermore, Mg2+ (pD2 = 4.168  0.021; MR = 81.12  4.03%, N=6) attenuated the relaxation elicited by carvacrol, suggesting that monoterpenoid may to action on TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC6 and TRPM7 channels. Carvacrol also induced hypotension and bradycardia in non-anesthetized normotensive rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that carvacrol induced vasorelaxant effect in superior mesenteric artery rats isolated probably inhibiting Ca2+ influx by Cav, SOC (TRPC1), ROC (TRPC1 or TRPC6) and TRPM7 channels. Moreover, the effects induced by carvacrol in normotensive non-anesthetized rats showed a hypotensive and bradycardic activity.
Os efeitos farmacológicos de carvacrol, um fenol monoterpenóide, sobre o sistema cardiovascular, foi estudado em ratos normotensos, usando técnicas in vivo e in vitro. Carvacrol (10-8 - 3 ₓ 10-4 M) induziu vasorelaxamento dos anéis de artéria mesentérica superior isolada de rato pré-contraídos com 10 μM FEN (pD2 = 4,59  0,02, Emáx = 103,03  1,5%) na presença do endotélio funcional e esse efeito não foi alterado após a remoção do endotélio (pD2 = 4,36  0,02, Emáx = 111,03  4,8%), sugerindo, portanto, que a resposta vasorelaxante induzida por carvacrol parece ser independente do endotélio vascular. Interessantemente em anéis pré-contraídos com KCl 80 mM (pD2 = 4,12  0,01, Emáx = 94,38  3,97%), observou-se uma diminuição na sua potência e na sua eficácia farmacológica, sugerindo um passo comum na via que seria um aumento citosólico dos níveis de cálcio. Adicionalmente, carvacrol antagonizou, de maneira dependente de concentração, as contrações induzidas por CaCl2 em meio despolarizante nominalmente sem Ca2+ e induziu relaxamento das contrações induzidas pelo S(-)-Bay K 8644 (pD2 = 4,537  0,023, Emáx = 91,8  3,58%) com uma diminuição na sua eficácia farmacológica, sugerindo uma inibição do influxo de cálcio por canais de Ca2+ tipo-L. Além disso, antagonizou as contrações induzidas por CaCl2 em meio nominalmente sem cálcio, na presença de FEN e nifedipina, sugerindo uma provável inibição do influxo de cálcio por SOC, ROC e/ou canais TRP. Como também, em um meio despolarizante e nominalmente sem cálcio na presença de nifedipina esse mesmo antagonismo foi observado, ressaltando a provável inibição dos SOC e/ou canais TRP. Para avaliar a participação dos canais TRP, as preparações foram incubadas com La3+ (pD2 = 5,231  0,04) , Gd3+ (pD2 = 4,97  0,02) e Ni2+ (pD2 = 5,079  0,02) onde seu efeito foi potencializado sugerindo sua ação sobre os canais TRPC e ao utilizar magnésio (pD2 = 4,168  0,021 e Emáx = 81,12  4,03%) tanto sua potência quanto sua eficácia farmacológica foi atenuada, sugerindo inibição do canal TRPM7. Nos estudos in vivo, em ratos normotensos não anestesiados, carvacrol produziu hipotensão e bradicardia. Em conclusão, esses resultados sugerem que carvacrol induz efeito vasorelaxante em anéis de artéria mesentérica superior isolada de rato por inibir provavelmente TRPM7, como também inibir o influxo de cálcio por Cav, SOC, ROC e ou TRPC1 e 6. Além disso, os efeitos induzidos por carvacrol em ratos normotensos não anestesiados mostrou uma atividade hipotensora e bradicárdica.
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Books on the topic "Voltage ratios"

1

Deacon, T. A. Intercomparison measurement of the ratios of a 100 Kilovolt DC voltage divider. Luxembourg: Commission of theEuropean Communities, 1985.

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Meyvaert, Hans, and Michiel Steyaert. High-Ratio Voltage Conversion in CMOS for Efficient Mains-Connected Standby. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31207-1.

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Steyaert, Michiel, and Hans Meyvaert. High-Ratio Voltage Conversion in CMOS for Efficient Mains-Connected Standby. Springer, 2018.

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Steyaert, Michiel, and Hans Meyvaert. High-Ratio Voltage Conversion in CMOS for Efficient Mains-Connected Standby. Springer, 2016.

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IEEE Power Engineering Society. Switchgear Committee., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers., and IEEE-SA Standards Board, eds. IEEE standard rating structure for AC high-voltage circuit breakers. New York, N.Y., USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1999.

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Standard Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis. IEEE Standards Office, 2000.

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Standard Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis. IEEE Standards Office, 2000.

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Hardy, Cheryl-Ann. The behavioral and physiological consequences of right middle cerebral artery ligation in rats following treatment with nimodipine, a calcium voltage-operated channel blocker. 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Voltage ratios"

1

Eargle, John M. "Voltage Ratios Expressed in dBu." In Electroacoustical Reference Data, 210–11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2027-6_102.

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Eargle, John M. "Voltage Ratios Expressed in dBV." In Electroacoustical Reference Data, 214–15. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2027-6_104.

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Meyvaert, Hans, and Michiel Steyaert. "Monolithic SC DC–DC Toward Even Higher Voltage Conversion Ratios." In Analog Circuits and Signal Processing, 105–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31207-1_7.

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Weik, Martin H. "voltage standing-wave ratio." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1904. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_20940.

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Wei, Mingfei, Fang Yang, Zhongxing Duan, and Ying Wang. "A Resonant Transformer with High Output Voltage Ratio." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 107–12. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4981-2_12.

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Kim, Eun Su, Hee Dong Park, and Kyung Nam Park. "Discrimination System of Surround Illumination Using Photo Sensor’s Output Voltage Ratio." In IT Convergence and Security 2012, 489–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5860-5_58.

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Huang, Changwu, Lianghao Li, Cheng He, Ran Cheng, and Xin Yao. "Operator-Adapted Evolutionary Large-Scale Multiobjective Optimization for Voltage Transformer Ratio Error Estimation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 672–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72062-9_53.

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Taye, Johnson, Koushik Guha, and Srimanta Baishya. "Design and Analysis of RF MEMS Shunt Capacitive Switch for Low Actuation Voltage and High Capacitance Ratio." In Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 445–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03002-9_111.

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Kumari, N. Krishna, D. Ravi Kumar, and E. Shiva Prasad. "Enhancement of Voltage Transfer Ratio with Matrix Converter Based on Modulation Duty Cycle Matrix Approach Using Optimum AV Method." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 247–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7245-6_20.

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Tooley, Michael. "Decibels and ratios of power, voltage and current." In Data Communications Pocket Book, 149–53. Elsevier, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-0427-7.50101-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Voltage ratios"

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Meyvaert, Hans, Aki Sarafianos, Nicolas Butzen, and Michiel Steyaert. "Monolithic switched-capacitor DC-DC towards high voltage conversion ratios." In 2014 IEEE 15th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compel.2014.6877191.

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Cui, Hang, Qian Wang, and Youping Tu. "TSC Characteristics of Aged ZnO Varistors under Different Applied Voltage Ratios." In 2011 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2011.5748837.

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Wattenberg, Martin, and Martin Pfost. "A novel dual active bridge configuration for wide voltage conversion ratios." In 2017 19th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'17 ECCE Europe). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/epe17ecceeurope.2017.8099143.

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Vittal, Eknath, Andrew Keane, and Mark O' Malley. "Varying penetration ratios of wind turbine technologies for voltage and frequency stability." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2008.4596402.

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Rentmeister, Jan S., and Jason T. Stauth. "Zero Voltage Switching for Flying Capacitor Multilevel Converters at Nominal Conversion Ratios." In 2019 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apec.2019.8722015.

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Lu, Shuai, and Keith Corzine. "Cascaded Multilevel Converters with Non-Integer or Dynamically Changing DC Voltage Ratios." In 2006 5th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipemc.2006.297105.

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Lu, Shuai, and Keith A. Corzine. "Cascaded Multilevel Converters with Non-Integer or Dynamically Changing DC Voltage Ratios." In 2006 CES/IEEE 5th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipemc.2006.4778061.

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Radic, A., Z. Miletic, and D. Garabandic. "Suitability of silicon carbide diodes in buck converters with high input voltages and high voltage conversion ratios." In IECON 2008 - 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2008.4758088.

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Cerri, Roberto, Davide Corona, and Flavio Galliana. "Investigation on automated Multiple Decade Ratios precision Divider for Generation of low DC Voltages." In 19th International Congress of Metrology (CIM2019), edited by Sandrine Gazal. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metrology/201911001.

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Abstract:
At the National Institute of Metrological Research (INRIM) an automatable precision DC voltage fixed-ratios divider allowing the division ratios of DC Voltages from 10:1 to 107:1. It can be quickly calibrated when necessary and involved in traceability transfer. Its resistors are selected bulk metal foils ones connected in series in four terminal configuration whose values are 90 kΩ, 9 kΩ, 900 Ω, 90 Ω, 9 Ω, 0.9 Ω, 90 mΩ and 10 mΩ. The main advantage of this divider is that it can be automatically calibrated with a calibrator and a digital multimeter. Its calibration starts from a10 V value. It takes advantage of the DMM linearity, in particular in the 10 V range that allows improving its calibration uncertainty. After calibration, it can be used to divide DC Voltages lower than 10 V. Preliminary evaluation of its calibration uncertainties and mid-term stabilities (a week) span respectively from 1.4×10-6 to 6.0×10-4 and from 2.4×10-7 to 4.5×10-4 for ratios from 10:1 to 107:1. This divider could be involved in the calibration of nanovoltmeters in a typical range from 10 V till down to 100 nV.
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Zhang, Yuxuan, He Li, Peng Liu, and Zongren Peng. "Study on electrical properties and thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube/epoxy resin nanocomposites with different filler aspect ratios." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application (ICHVE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichve.2016.7800771.

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