Relevant bibliographies by topics / Voltage Early

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
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Academic literature on the topic 'Voltage Early'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 November 2022
Last updated: 4 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Voltage Early"

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Hussain, Abadal Salam T., Israa A. Dahham, F. Malek, Qais H. Jeflawi, Jailani O. Mahmoud, Ahmad Zaidi Abdullah, Muhammad Irwanto Misrun, Gomesh Nair Shasidharan, Mohd Irwan Yusoff, and Taha A. Taha. "Early Warning for DC Power Failure System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.124.

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Electrical systems and devices suffer from unexpected failures due to various reasons such as input voltage fluctuation and low or high voltages. This paper discussedabout the development of a device for detecting imminent failure of electric products such as refrigerators, ovens, Air-conditions and etc. The main objective of this developed preventive device is todetect voltage drop or rise and produce an alarmsignal to enable and activates other protection circuitry.The mechanismof the detector/sensing circuit is based on differentiating the voltage level using dualcomparator; this makes the system more considerate. The method enables real-time monitoring of stability boundaries and the corresponding margin to the observed operating point, which is used to provide an early warning for emerging stability problems.
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Jahan, M. M., and A. F. M. Anwar. "Early voltage in double heterojunction bipolar transistors." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 42, no. 11 (1995): 2028–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/16.469414.

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Roulston, D. J. "Early voltage in very-narrow-base bipolar transistors." IEEE Electron Device Letters 11, no. 2 (February 1990): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/55.46937.

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Pyne, D., and W. S. Khokle. "Analysis of the early voltage in bipolar transistors." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 33, no. 10 (October 1986): 1539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-ed.1986.22705.

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Liu, Van Tsai, and Jhih Rong Chen. "Balancing for Lead-Acid Batteries of Electric Motorcycles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.491.

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For high-power applications such as electric motorcycles, batteries in series to provide the required voltage is fairly common. The 48V is 12V connected four cells in series for lead-acid batteries of electric motorcycles. After charging and discharging of lead-acid batteries several times, the voltages are often imbalance. Without proper protection, may cause an excessive discharge of lead-acid batteries for early damage. Therefore, lead-acid battery module requires a simple balance circuit to improve battery life in order to avoid over-voltage or under-voltage condition occurs. Energy balance circuit to improve lead-acid battery module matching problems, make the safety and cycle life of lead-acid batteries to improve. This research intends to complete balanced circuit design of lead-acid batteries.
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Paulik, George F., and Raymond P. Mayer. "Differential Amplifier With Current-Mirror Load: Influence of Current Gain, Early Voltage, and Supply Voltage on the DC Output Voltage." IEEE Transactions on Education 55, no. 2 (May 2012): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/te.2011.2164542.

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Yuan, J. S., and J. J. Liou. "An improved Early voltage model for advanced bipolar transistors." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 38, no. 1 (1991): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/16.65753.

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Prevarskaya, N., R. Skryma, P. Vacher, N. Daniel, C. Bignon, J. Djiane, and B. Dufy. "Early effects of PRL on ion conductances in CHO cells expressing PRL receptor." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 267, no. 2 (August 1, 1994): C554—C562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.2.c554.

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Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells were stably transfected with prolactin (PRL) receptor cDNA. These cells (CHO-E32) expressed the long form of functional PRL receptor. Using microfluorimetric and patch-clamp techniques, we have investigated the effects of PRL on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and membrane ion conductances. Exposure of CHO-E32 cells to 5 nM PRL resulted in an increase in [Ca2+]i. Two types of response were observed: 1) a stimulation of Ca2+ entry and 2) an intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. As PRL inhibited voltage-activated Ca2+ current, the PRL-induced Ca2+ increase does not involve voltage-activated Ca2+ channels. PRL also increased a charybdotoxin-sensitive Ca(2+)-dependent K+ conductance. Simultaneous measurements showed that PRL hyperpolarized the membrane potential before increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels. In voltage clamp, hyperpolarizing voltage steps were associated with increased Ca2+ concentrations, whereas depolarizing voltage steps decreased [Ca2+]i. Cell-free patch-clamp experiments showed that PRL directly stimulates K+ channel activity. Our results suggest the existence of a regulatory complex involving a protein kinase tightly associated with the Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels and that PRL stimulates these channels by means of the activation of protein kinase. The resulting hyperpolarization stimulates Ca2+ entry, probably through voltage-insensitive nonspecific channels.
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Zdravkovic, M., B. Milovanovic, S. Hinic, I. Soldatovic, T. Durmic, G. Koracevic, S. Prijic, O. Markovic, B. Filipovic, and D. Lovic. "Correlation between ECG changes and early left ventricular remodeling in preadolescent footballers." Physiology International 104, no. 1 (March 2017): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2060.104.2017.1.2.

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The aim of this study was to assess the early electrocardiogram (ECG) changes induced by physical training in preadolescent elite footballers. This study included 94 preadolescent highly trained male footballers (FG) competing in Serbian Football League (minimum of 7 training hours/week) and 47 age-matched healthy male controls (less than 2 training hours/week) (CG). They were screened by ECG and echocardiography at a tertiary referral cardio center. Sokolow–Lyon index was used as a voltage electrocardiographic criterion for left ventricular hypertrophy diagnosis. Characteristic ECG intervals and voltage were compared and reference range was given for preadolescent footballers. Highly significant differences between FG and CG were registered in all ECG parameters: P-wave voltage (p < 0.001), S-wave (V1 or V2 lead) voltage (p < 0.001), R-wave (V5 and V6 lead) voltage (p < 0.001), ECG sum of S V1–2 + R V5–6 (p < 0.001), T-wave voltage (p < 0.001), QRS complex duration (p < 0.001), T-wave duration (p < 0.001), QTc interval duration (p < 0.001), and R/T ratio (p < 0.001). No differences were found in PQ interval duration between these two groups (p > 0.05). During 6-year follow-up period, there was no adverse cardiac event in these footballers. None of them expressed pathological ECG changes. Benign ECG changes are presented in the early stage of athlete’s heart remodeling, but they are not related to pathological ECG changes and they should be regarded as ECG pattern of LV remodeling.
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Zhang, Chenmeng, Kailin Zhao, Shijun Xie, Can Hu, Yu Zhang, and Nanxi Jiang. "Research on the Time-Domain Dielectric Response of Multiple Impulse Voltage Aging Oil-Film Dielectrics." Energies 14, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071948.

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Power capacitors suffer multiple impulse voltages during their lifetime. With the multiple impulse voltage aging, the internal insulation, oil-film dielectric may deteriorate and even fail in the early stage, which is called accumulative effect. Hence, the time-domain dielectric response of oil-film dielectric with multiple impulse voltage aging is studied in this paper. At first, the procedure of the preparation of the tested samples were introduced. Secondly, an aging platform, impulse voltage generator was built to test the accumulative effect of capacitor under multiple impulse voltage. Then, a device was used to test the time-domain dielectric response (polarization depolarization current, PDC) of oil-film dielectric in different aging states. And finally, according to the PDC data, extended Debye model and characteristic parameters were obtained by matrix pencil algorithm identification. The results indicated that with the increase of impulse voltage times, the time-domain dielectric response of oil-film dielectric changed accordingly. The polarization current curve moved up gradually, the insulation resistance decreased when subjected to the repeated impulses. In frequency domain, the frequency spectrum of tan δ changed along with the impulse accumulation aging, especially at low frequency. At last, combined with the aging mechanism of oil-film dielectric under multiple impulse voltage, the test results were discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Voltage Early"

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Andrade, Maria Glória Caño de. "Estudo de transistores de porta tripla de corpo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3140/tde-10062013-150025/.

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O objetivo principal deste trabalho é o estudo de transistores MuGFETs de porta tripla de Corpo de canal tipo-n com e sem a aplicação da configuração DTMOS. Este estudo será realizado através de simulações numéricas tridimensionais e por caracterizações elétricas. A corrente de dreno, a transcondutância, a resistência, a tensão de limiar, a inclinação de sublimiar e a Redução da Barreira Induzida pelo Dreno (DIBL) serão analisadas em modo DTMOS e em configuração de polarização convencional. Importantes figuras de mérito para o desempenho analógico como transcondutância-sobre-corrente de dreno, a condutância de saída, a tensão Early e o ganho de tensão intrínseco serão estudados tanto experimentalmente como através de simulações numéricas tridimensionais para diferentes concentrações de dopantes no canal. Os resultados indicam que a configuração DTMOS apresenta as características elétricas superiores (4 e 10 %) e maior eficiência dos transistores. Além disso, os dispositivos DTMOS com alta concentração de dopantes no canal apresentaram um desempenho analógico muito melhor quando comparados ao transistor de porta tripla de Corpo em modo de operação convencional. O ruído de baixa frequência (LF) é pela primeira vez experimentalmente analisado na região linear e saturação. A origem do ruído é analisada de maneira a compreender os mecanismos físicos envolvidos neste tipo de ruído. As medições mostraram que os espectros do sinal dos dispositivos de porta tripla de Corpo e DTMOS são compostos por flutuações referentes ao número de portadores devido ao ruído flicker e por ondas de ruído de geração e recombinação no dielétrico de porta que se torna maior com o aumento da tensão de porta. No entanto, o principal fato desta análise é que o dispositivo DTMOS apresentou praticamente a mesma magnitude do ruído LF na região linear e de saturação que o dispositivo de Corpo. A energia de 60 MeV na fluência de p/1012 cm-2 de radiações de prótons é também estudada experimentalmente em termos das características elétricas, desempenho do analógico e ruído LF nos dispositivos de porta tripla de Corpo e DTMOS. Os resultados indicam que combinado com as suas melhores características elétricas e um ótimo desempenho analógico do DTMOS, faz o transistor de porta tripla de Corpo um candidato muito competitivo para aplicações analógicas em ruído de baixa frequência antes e depois da irradiação. A vantagem da técnica DTMOS em transistores de porta tripla em ambientes onde os dispositivos têm de suportar alta radiação é devido à menor penetração do campo de dreno que reduz o efeito das cargas induzidas pelo óxido de isolação (STI). Finalmente, o transistor de Corpo de porta tripla de canal tipo-n é experimentalmente estudado como célula de memória, isto é, como 1T-DRAM (Memória de Acesso Aleatório Dinâmico com 1 transistor). Para escrever e ler 1 é utilizado um modo de programação que utiliza o efeito do transistor bipolar parasitário (BJT) enquanto a polarização direta da junção do corpo e do dreno é usada para escrever 0. As correntes de leitura e escrita aumentam com o aumento da tensão do corpo (VB) porque as cargas induzidas pelo efeito BJT é armazenada dentro da aleta. Quando o corpo do transistor está flutuante, o dispositivo retém mais cargas dentro da sua aleta. Além disso, transistor de Corpo pode ser utilizado como 1T-DRAM com eletrodo de porta e substrato flutuando. Neste caso, o dispositivo funciona como um biristor (sem porta).
The main goal of this work is to investigate the n-channel MuGFETs (triple-gate) Bulk transistors with and without the application of DTMOS operation. This work will be done through three-dimensional numerical simulation and by electrical characterizations. The drain current, transconductance, resistance, threshold voltage, subthreshold swing and Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) will be analyzed in the DTMOS mode and the standard biasing configuration. Important figures of merit for the analog performance such as transconductance-over-drain current, output conductance, Early voltage and intrinsic voltage gain will be studied experimentally and through three-dimensional numerical simulations for different channel doping concentrations. The results indicate that the DTMOS configuration has superior electrical characteristics (4 e 10 %) and higher transistor efficiency. In addition, DTMOS devices with a high channel doping concentration exhibit much better analog performance compared to the normal operation mode. Low-Frequency (LF) noise is for the first time experimentally investigated in linear and saturation region. The origin of the noise will be analyzed in order to understand the physical mechanisms involved in this type of noise. Measurements showed that the signal spectra for Bulk and DTMOS are composed of number fluctuations related flicker noise with on top generation and recombination noise humps, which become more pronounced at higher gate voltage. However, the most important finding is the fact that DTMOS devices showed practically the same LF noise magnitude in linear and saturation region than standard Bulk device. Proton irradiation with energy of 60 MeV and fluence of p/1012 cm-2 is also experimentally studied in terms of electric characteristic, analog performance and the LF noise in Bulk and DTMOS triple gate devices. The results indicate that the combined of the better electrical characteristics and an excellent analog performance of DTMOS devices, makes it a very competitive candidate for low-noise RF analog applications before and after irradiation. The advantage of dynamic threshold voltage in triple gate transistors in environments where the devices have to withstand high-energy radiation is due to its lower drain electric field penetration that lowers the effect of the radiation-induced charges in the STI (shallow trench isolation) regions adjacent to the fin. Finally, the n-channel triple gate Bulk device is used for memory application, that is, 1T-DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory with 1 Transistor). Bipolar junction transistor (BJT) programming mode is used to write and read 1 while the forward biasing of the body-drain junction is used to write 0. The reading and writing current increases with increasing body bias (VB) because the load induced by the BJT effect is stored within the fin. When the body of the transistor is floating, the device retains more charge within its fin. In addition, transistor could also operate as 1T-DRAM with both gate and bulk contacts floating, which is similar to the biristor (gateless) behavior.
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Ndoye, Mamadou Mustapha. "Contribution à l'étude du transistor bipolaire hyperfréquence sur puce de silicium." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10682.

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Ce travail est une contribution à l'étude du transistor bipolaire hyperfréquence sur puce de silicium. Il présente tout d’abord deux méthodes originales permettant de réduire la Capacité extrinsèque Base-Collecteur, d'augmenter la tension de claquage Base-Collecteur, d'augmenter la tension Early VA, d'augmenter le gain en puissance maximal Gpmax et d'augmenter la fréquence de transition FT. Il présente ensuite un nouveau transistor, de structure hybride entre le NPN vertical et le NPN latéral, baptisé bipolaire-CLEV (à Collecteur Latéral-Emetteur Vertical). Ce travail est généralisable à d'autres technologies de transistors hyperfréquences telles que les transistors à substrats III-V ou les transistors à hétérojonctions
This work is a contribution to the study of the high-speed bipolar transistor on silicon chip. First, it presents two original methods allowing to reduce the Base-Collector extrinsic Capacitance, to increase the Base-Collector breakdown voltage, to increase the Voltage Early VA, to increase the maximum power gain Gpmax and to increase the transition frequency FT. Then, it presents a new transistor, hybrid structure between the vertical NPN and the lateral NPN, named bipolar-CLEV (lateral collector-vertical emitter). This study can be generalized to other high speed transistor technologies such as III-V substrate transistors or heterojunction transistors
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Ndoye, Mamadou Moustapha. "Contribution à l'étude du transistor bipolaire hyperfréquence sur puce de silicium." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10688.

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Ce travail est une contribution à l'étude du transistor bipolaire hyperfréquence sur puce de silicium. Il présente tout d’abord deux méthodes originales permettant de réduire la Capacité extrinsèque Base-Collecteur, d'augmenter la tension de claquage Base-Collecteur, d'augmenter la tension Early VA, d'augmenter le gain en puissance maximal Gpmax et d'augmenter la fréquence de transition FT. Il présente ensuite un nouveau transistor, de structure hybride entre le NPN vertical et le NPN latéral, baptisé bipolaire-CLEV (à Collecteur Latéral-Emetteur Vertical). Ce travail est généralisable à d'autres technologies de transistors hyperfréquences telles que les transistors à substrats III-V ou les transistors à hétérojonctions
This work is a contribution to the study of the high-speed bipolar transistor on silicon chip. First, it presents two original methods allowing to reduce the Base-Collector extrinsic Capacitance, to increase the Base-Collector breakdown voltage, to increase the Voltage Early VA, to increase the maximum power gain Gpmax and to increase the transition frequency FT. Then, it presents a new transistor, hybrid structure between the vertical NPN and the lateral NPN, named bipolar-CLEV (lateral collector-vertical emitter). This study can be generalized to other high speed transistor technologies such as III-V substrate transistors or heterojunction transistors
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Schui, Florian Heinrich Werner. "Early debates about 'industrie' : Voltaire and his contemporaries, c.1750-1778." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615974.

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Fasseira, Mônica Yohana Alves [UNESP]. "Cartografia escolar na educação infantil: descobrindo o mundo à sua volta." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/147052.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Esta pesquisa surge a partir das inquietações vividas pela autora, quando lecionou em uma escola de Educação Infantil, onde foi possível observar algumas dificuldades das demais professoras em mediar conceitos da Geografia e da Cartografia, inseridos na temática “Natureza e sociedade”, contidos no cotidiano escolar dos alunos dessa etapa. Dentre os questionamentos que surgem ao pensar o percurso do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, em relação aos conteúdos geográficos e cartográficos, vem a necessidade de compreender de que maneira se desenvolvem as aquisições das noções de tempo e espaço durante os primeiros anos da infância. Diante deste desafio, o objetivo da pesquisa consistiu em apresentar uma sequência didática, com propostas de atividades pedagógicas para compor planos de aula direcionados a crianças de 4 e 6 anos da Educação Infantil, auxiliando no entendimento de conceitos geográficos. Para isso, foram realizadas observações e análises da rotina pedagógica junto à turma do “Grupo 4” (crianças de 4 anos a 6 anos), do Centro de Convivência Infantil da Unesp de Rio Claro/SP. Em busca de compreender a estrutura do pensamento das crianças, suas ações e reações, percepção espacial e suas experiências adquiridas junto ao meio em que vivem, este trabalho foi pautado em obras de Vygotsky e sua teoria de zona de desenvolvimento proximal, processo de mediação e o desenvolvimento sociocultural do indivíduo. Diversas atividades foram desenvolvidas, tendo como resultado uma sequência didática composta por planos de aula elaborados, tendo como tema principal, o “Sistema Solar”, possibilitando trabalhar os conceitos “Dia e noite – interação entre o planeta Terra e o Sol”, “Lua e o planeta Terra – características da Lua e o eclipse” e, finalizando, “As quatro estações do ano – movimento de translação e as interferências sobre a Terra”.
This research comes from the worries experienced by the author while teaching in a Primary School, where it was possible to observe some difficulties that the other teachers had to mediate concepts about Geography and Cartography, both part of the theme “Nature and society”, included in the school routine of the students in such stage. Among the questions that arise when thinking about the course of the teaching and learning process, related to the geographic and cartographic contents, it becomes necessary to understand how the acquisition of notions about time and space are developed in the first years of the childhood. Facing this challenge, the main goal of this research was to present a didactic sequence, with proposals of pedagogical activities to form lesson plans for children from 4 to 6 years old, in the Early Childhood Education, helping them during the understanding of the geographic concepts. In order to do that, observations and analysis of the pedagogical routine with the students were performed in “Group 4” (children from 4 to 6 years old), from the Centro de Convivência Infantil of Unesp, Rio Claro/SP. Seeking to comprehend the structure of children’s thoughts, their actions and reactions, space perception and the experience acquired within the environment where they live, this work was based on Vygotsky’s studies and his theory about the zone of proximal development, the mediation process, and the sociocultural development of the individual. Many activities were developed with them, having as result a didactic sequence composed of elaborated lesson plans. The main theme was “The Solar System”, which made possible to work on the concepts “Day and night – interaction between the Earth and the Sun”, “The Moon and the Earth – Moon features and the eclipse” and, to conclude, “The four seasons of the year – the revolution movement and its interferences on Earth”.
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Pink, Gillian. "Voltaire a l'ouvrage : une etude de ses traces de lecture et de ses notes marginales." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e966ead9-fa18-4a51-b4f4-8212a8821320.

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The aim of the present study is to paint an overall picture of how Voltaire interacted with the books that made up his personal library. Situated at the crossroads between history of the book, literary history and literary studies in the standard meaning of the term, it seeks to deepen our understanding of the ways in which Voltaire used his books and of the different types of notes that he left in them. These notes are of course texts in themselves – short ones, to be sure, but texts all the same – and their material, literary and polemical significance have never before been studied in depth. We begin by classifying the marginalia according to the function they seem to have played for Voltaire and, based on their material characteristics, by developing methodologies to analyse these short manuscripts, along with the non-verbal markings that accompany them. An analysis follows of the ways in which Voltaire used the white spaces in his books, then of the links that can be established between the signs of his reading and the genesis of his published works. Finally, we study the poetics of the marginal notes as well as the dynamics at work in the annotated library as a whole. Throughout, Voltaire’s notes and reading habits are placed in the context of the critical literature that has grown up around the subject of marginalia. Along the way, we compare his marginal notes to those of other literary figures of the period, for the subject of this study is clearly the marginalia of a writer, which are necessarily inextricably linked to his principal activity – writing. Indeed, one might speak of an interpenetration, of a blurring of boundaries between reading and writing. Beyond the marks of Voltaire's reading, the study of marginalia raises questions that are relevant for other non-canonical and paratextual materials. To place them in the spotlight transforms their status, and a note that was 'marginal' comes to be considered a text in its own right.
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Abiven, Karine. "L’Anecdote ou la fabrique du petit fait vrai. Un genre de récit miniature, de Tallemant des Réaux à Voltaire (1650-1756)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040134.

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L’objet de cette thèse est de montrer les spécificités de l’anecdote, comme micro-récit à prétention véridique, à partir du milieu du XVIIe siècle. Ce genre de récit a alors connu un essor notable dans les discours émanant des milieux mondains et savants ; au même moment, il devient une des modalités de l’écriture de l’Histoire dans les Mémoires de cour. En constituant un corpus d’échantillons issus de Mémoires, de Vies et d’Ana (recueils de pensées et d’anecdotes), nous dégageons un prototype de cette séquence textuelle. Malgré son air de famille avec l’exemplum, la facétie ou l’apophtegme, l’anecdote s’en distingue par la rétention à la véridicité. Cette propriété s’avère décisive dans une période où l’écriture historique et biographique connaît une reconfiguration rhétorique, à la faveur d’une attention accrue à l’individu et au détail authentique. Mais d’autres traits inhérents à l’anecdote entravent ce souci du vrai. Parce que son usage vise à susciter un affect (rire, surprise), elle est attirée par les formes de l’invention (fiction, plaisanterie, satire). Elle est par ailleurs faite pour circuler, dépourvue de véritable auteur : issue d’un discours oral, elle est transmise par l’écrit, puis souvent extraite en recueils et compilée. En vue d’établir une poétique et une rhétorique de ce genre, nous examinons ses caractéristiques langagières, ses modalités de circulation, et sa manière paradoxale de construire un discours vrai sur l’individu. Nous espérons ainsi contribuer à une histoire des formes, en montrant que l’anecdote prend le relais d’anciens genres de récits brefs à la fin de la première modernité
The purpose of this work is to define the characteristics of the anecdote, understood as a short non fictitious narrative, from the middle of the 17th century. In that period the anecdote enjoyed a wide popularity amongst scholars and high society, while it became an historiographic form in Memoirs of the court. The analysis of a series of examples taken from Memoirs, Lives and Ana (i.e. collections of thoughts and anecdotes) enables us to outline a textual pattern. In spite of the likeness it bears to the exemplum, the jest and the apothegm, the anecdote differs by its claim to truthfulness. This particularity appears to be essential in the context of a profound transformation of historical and biographical rhetoric, which evolves towards a deeper interest in the individual and the authentic detail. However this aspiration to truthfulness is limited by other characteristics of the anecdote. Insofar as it aims to provoke an emotional reaction (such as laughter or surprise), the anecdote is also linked to more inventive forms (for instance fiction, joke, satire). Besides it is designed for circulation and doesn’t belong to a single author: its oral origin is altered by the process of writing, collecting and compilating. To describe a poetic and rhetoric of this genre, we intend to analyse its linguistic characteristics, the paths of its circulation, and its paradoxical way of producing a truthful statement on the individual. Our work takes part in the history of literary forms and aims to show that the anecdote has replaced ancient forms of brief narratives in early modern French literature and historiography
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Brereton, Mary Catherine. "Philosophic historiography in the eighteenth century in Britain and France." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e134dabe-301d-4e81-a282-8c2204499fbb.

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The subject of this thesis is the by now traditional grouping of certain innovative works of historiography produced in eighteenth-century Britain and France; namely the historical works of Voltaire, and the historical writings of the philosophes; and, in Britain, the histories of Hume, Robertson, and Gibbon. This thesis gives a historical and expository analysis of the individual strategies of literary self-fashioning and generic appropriation which underlie this impression of resemblance. It particularly demonstrates that the major characteristics of the contemporary vision of philosophic historiography – the idea of a European history of manners or l’esprit humain, and the insistence on the rejection of the practices of the érudits – which have become incorporated within scholarly definitions of ‘Enlightenment historiography’, are well-established generic tropes, adapted and affected in France as in Britain, by authors of diverse ambitions. The invitation to assume inauthentic connections contained within the practice of philosophic historiography is shown to be embraced by Gibbon, in a notable literary challenge to the paradigms of intellectual history. This study contrasts the textual evidence of these authors’ experience of literary, personal, and political challenges regarding the definition of their role as public, intellectual writers, to the acquired image of an ideal of ‘Enlightenment writing’. It considers the Frenchness of philosophie, and the potential Britishness of Hume, Robertson, and Gibbon. As part of its wider analysis of the practice of intellectual writing with a historical focus, its scope includes the writings of British clerics and writers on religion; of French academicians; and of the late philosophe Volney, and Shelley his interpreter. The major conclusion of this thesis is that eighteenth-century British and French history writing does not support any synthesis of an Enlightenment historical philosophy, narrative, or method; while it is suggested that one of the costs of the construct of ‘Enlightenment’, has been the illusion of familiarity with eighteenth-century intellectual culture, in France as well as Britain.
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Avci, Mehmet. "Early Dual Grid Voltage Integrity Verification." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25414.

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As part of power distribution network verification, one should check if the voltage fluctuations exceed some critical threshold. The traditional simulation-based solution to this problem is intractable due to the large number of possible circuit behaviors. This approach also requires full knowledge of the details of the underlying circuitry, not allowing one to verify the power distribution network early in the design flow. In this work, we consider the power and ground grids together (i.e. dual grid) and formulate the problem of computing the worst-case voltage fluctuations of the dual grid under the framework of current constraints. Then, we present a solution technique in which tight lower and upper bounds on worst-case voltage fluctuations are computed via linear programs. Experimental results indicate that the proposed technique results in errors in the range of a few mV . We also present extensions to single grid (i.e. only power grid) verification techniques.
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WANG, YU-WEI, and 王昱崴. "Early-Voltage Variation and Dependence of VT Implant for n-type FinFETs." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47365866755668715959.

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碩士
明新科技大學
電子工程系碩士班
104
Planar field effect transistors in semiconductor industry have been used for a long time, playing a main role in the past. Since the process technology is promoted, the shrinkage of device profile is well done. However, this technology gradually approaches the physical limitation. Most of researchers or scientists seek the other available alternatives. A fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device seems a good choice in this process era. In this study, the FinFETs compared to the conventional planar field-effect transistors, increasing the transistor channel width (Wfin + 2Hfin), which is to make the drive current. This transistor device is formed on the Unibond SOI wafer structure, a channel thickness of about 80 nm deposited as Si crystalline layer. Using the hard mask, the Si-fin can be fabricated. To improve the drive current, FinFETs possibly offer the multi-channel scheme instead of the single-channel device. In this experiment, the channel-length modulation (CLM) is applied to explore the Early voltage (VA) in a FinFET device, which the L/L change is caused from the horizontal and vertical field of dependency in channel. Furthermore, the VA values for single or multi-channel FinFETs are related to the device profile, the temperature stress, and the VT implant energy. These relationships will also be investigated. Due to these efforts, the suitable device models will be provided to the IC design customers. In this measurement test, there is more influence to the VA as the tested device is single-channel mode operated at the lower electrical field (VGS-VT). For multi-channel tested devices, the VA is impacted obviously at the middle field or higher. As the stress temperature is increased, the channel lengths are different, or the VT implant energies are not the same, the VA is indeed influenced. However, the trend is not easy to be classified well. The speculation is possibly when the device profile is shrunk, the uniformity of VT implant is not optimally approached to cause the channel electrical field is not easy to be controlled well.
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Books on the topic "Voltage Early"

1

Early debates about industry: Voltaire and his contemporaries. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

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Candaux, Jean-Daniel. Voltaire imprimé tout vif: Un choix d'éditions suisses, 1723-1778. Genève: Bibliothèque publique et universitaire, 1994.

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Voltaire. Voltaire: Selections. New York: Macmillan, 1989.

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Voltaire. Political writings. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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Gil, Linda. L'édition Kehl de Voltaire: Une aventure éditoriale et littéraire au tournant des Lumières. Paris: Honoré Champion éditeur, 2018.

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Voltaire. Cándido. C.P. México: Lectorum, 2006.

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Voltaire. Voltaire: Candide, ou, L'optimisme : suivi du texte apocryphe de 1760. [Paris?]: Magnard, 1985.

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Batori, Armida. Il libro antico: Problemi di indicizzazione. Napoli: Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici, 1993.

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Voltaire. Candide. Oxford: Inky Parrot Press, 1985.

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Voltaire. Candide ou, L'optimisme: Conte (philosophique) ou roman. Paris: Larousse-Bordas, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Voltage Early"

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Carbone, Emilio. "A Lived History of Early Calcium Channel Discoveries Over the Past Half-Century." In Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels, 1–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08881-0_1.

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Chrzan, Krystian Leonard. "Early Streamer Emission Terminals from the High Voltage Engineering Perspective." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 773–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31680-8_75.

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Miyachi, Ei-ichi, and Fusao Kawai. "Voltage-Gated Ion Channels in Human Photoreceptors: Na+ and Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Channels." In The Neural Basis of Early Vision, 5–14. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68447-3_4.

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Ohkuma, Mahito, Fusao Kawai, and Ei-Ichi Miyachi. "Suppression by Odorants of Voltage-Gated and Ligand-Gated Channels in Retinal Neurons." In The Neural Basis of Early Vision, 143–46. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68447-3_53.

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Zhao, Tieying, and Na Wang. "Research on Low-Voltage Early Warning System of Coalmine Power Grid." In Electrical, Information Engineering and Mechatronics 2011, 1003–9. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2467-2_118.

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Miyakawa, Naohisa, Katsushige Sato, Hiraku Mochida, Shinichi Sasaki, and Yoko Momose-Sato. "Functional Mapping of Neural Activity in the Embryonic Avian Visual System: Optical Recording with a Voltage-Sensitive Dye." In The Neural Basis of Early Vision, 194–98. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68447-3_68.

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Zhang, Zeyu, Xizhong Li, Xuan Fei, Xin Cao, and Qian Xu. "Research on Low Voltage Early Warning of Distribution Network Based on Improved DNN-LSTM Algorithm." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 572–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3150-4_47.

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Duan, Zhengjian. "High Voltage Power Communication Network Security Early Warning and Monitoring System Based on HMAC Algorithm." In Machine Learning for Cyber Security, 366–79. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20096-0_28.

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Katagiri, Nobuko, Yuichi Simatani, Tatsuo Arii, and Yasuo Katagiri. "Extraocular Photoreception of a Marine Gastropoda, Onchidium: Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Axons of Dermal Photoreceptor Cells in the Dorsal Mantle Examined with a High-Voltage Electron Microscope." In The Neural Basis of Early Vision, 86–90. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68447-3_33.

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Kamino, K., T. Sakai, Yoko Momose-Sato, H. Komuro, A. Hirota, and K. Sato. "Optical Monitoring of Postsynaptic Potential in the Early Embryonic Avian Brain Stem Using a Voltage-Sensitive Dye." In Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 291–303. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77372-3_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Voltage Early"

1

Avci, Mehmet, and Farid N. Najm. "Early P/G grid voltage integrity verification." In 2010 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccad.2010.5653904.

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Jamroen, Chaowanan, and Sanchai Dechanupaprittha. "Synchrophasor based early-warning voltage instability index." In 2017 IEEE Manchester PowerTech. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2017.7981164.

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Parks, Harold. "High Voltage Divider Calibration with the Reference Step Method." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2015.22.

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High voltage DC measurements, from 10 kV up to several hundred kV, are usually traceable through resistive dividers which have a divider ratio on the order of 10 000 to 100 000. The reference step method [M.D. Early et al., IEEE Trans. Intsrum. Meas. 62, 1600 (2013)] provides a highly accurate ratiometric method of calibrating 1000 V calibrators across a wide range of voltages. We adapt this method for measuring the ratio of high voltage dividers at low (. 1000 V) voltages as a first step to establishing traceability at high voltages
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Allen, N. L. "Simulation of an early streamer emission air terminal for application to lightning protection." In 11th International Symposium on High-Voltage Engineering (ISH 99). IEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19990631.

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Zheng, Jiankang, Shuangrui Jia, Liang Ma, Geng Li, Xiaoting Su, Hanfeng Wang, and Shaobin Li. "Research on Early Warning of Cable Fire Based on Gas Sensor." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Applications (ICHVE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichve53725.2022.9961691.

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Conrad, Eduardo, Fernando Paixão Cortes, Sergio Bampi, and Alessandro Girardi. "Early voltage and saturation voltage improvement in deep sub-micron technologies using associations of transistors." In the twenty-first annual symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1404371.1404406.

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Martino, M. D. V., F. S. Neves, P. G. D. Agopian, J. A. Martino, A. Vandooren, R. Rooyackers, E. Simoen, A. Thean, and C. Claeys. "Early voltage and intrinsic voltage gain in vertical nanowire-TFETs as a function of temperature." In 2014 International Caribbean Conference on Devices, Circuits and Systems (ICCDCS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccdcs.2014.7016154.

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Mutzel, Timo, Frank Berger, and Michael Anheuser. "Methods of Early Short-Circuit Detection for Low-Voltage Systems." In 2008 IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (Holm 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/holm.2008.ecp.44.

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Weckesser, Tilman, Hjortur Johannsson, and Thierry Van Cutsem. "Early prediction of transient voltage sags caused by rotor swings." In 2014 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm.2014.6939106.

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Ying, Wen, Canny Chen, and Kelly Yang. "A Voltage Screen Model and Method for Early Failure Screening." In 2022 China Semiconductor Technology International Conference (CSTIC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cstic55103.2022.9856804.

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Reports on the topic "Voltage Early"

1

Llanes, Rodrigo, Nikita Dougan, Ken Le, Matthew Halligan, Ross Guttromson, Jane Lehr, and David Sanabria. Early-Time (E1) High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Effects on Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1769004.

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Effect of Spark Discharge Duration and Timing on the Combustion Initiation in a Lean Burn SI Engine. SAE International, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-0478.

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Meeting the increasingly stringent emission and fuel efficiency standards is the primary objective of the automotive research. Lean/diluted combustion is a promising avenue to realize high-efficiency combustion and reduce emissions in SI engines. Under the diluted conditions, the flame propagation speed is reduced because of the reduced charge reactivity. Enhancing the in-cylinder charge motion and turbulence, and thereby increasing the flame speed, is a possible way to harness the combustion process in SI engines. However, the charge motion can have a significant effect on the spark ignition process because of the reduced discharge duration and frequent restrikes. A longer discharge duration can aid in the formation of the self-sustained flame kernel and subsequent stable ignition. Therefore, an empirical study is undertaken to investigate the effect of the discharge duration and ignition timing on the ignition and early combustion in a port fueled SI engine, operated under lean conditions. The discharge duration is modulated from 1 ms to 8 ms through a continuous discharge strategy. The discharge current and voltage measurements are recorded during the engine operation to characterize the discharge process. The in-cylinder charge is diluted using fresh air to achieve lean combustion. The in-cylinder pressure measurement and heat release analysis are used to investigate the ignition and combustion characteristics of the engine. Preliminary results indicate that while the discharge duration has a marginal effect on the ignition delay, cyclic variations are notably impacted.
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