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Journal articles on the topic 'Volcano-tectonic'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Nugraha, Aulia Kharisma, Sukir Maryanto, and Hetty Triastuty. "HYPOCENTER DETERMINATION AND CLUSTERING OF VOLCANO-TECTONIC EARTHQUAKES IN GEDE VOLCANO 2015." Jurnal Neutrino 9, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/neu.v9i2.4103.

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<p class="abstrak"><span lang="EN-US">Gede volcano is an active volcano in West Java, Indonesia. Research about determination the volcano-tectonic earthquake source positions has given results using volcano-tectonic earthquakes data from January until November 2015. Volcano-tectonic earthquakes contained deep (VT-A) have frequency (maximum amplitude) range 5 – 15 Hz. Furthermore, they contain shallow earthquake, VT-B have range 3-5 Hz and LF have range 1-3 Hz. Geiger’s Adaptive Damping (GAD) methods used for determining the hypocenter of these volcano-tectonic (VT) events. Hypocenter distribution divided into 4 clusters. Cluster I located in the crater of Gede volcano dominated by VT-B earthquakes their depth range 2 km below MSL to 2 km above MSL including the VT-B swarm. The seismic sources in cluster I indicated dominant due to the volcanic fluid or gas filled in conduit pipes. Cluster II located at the west of Gede volcano caused by Gede-Pangrango fault-line dominated by VT-A earthquakes with depths range 1.5 km below MSL to 700 m above MSL. Cluster III located in the North of Gede volcano dominated by VT-A events there caused by graben fault area with those depths range 7.5 – 1.65 km below MSL. Cluster IV located in South West of Gede volcano contained VT-A earthquakes with depth range at 10 km below MSL and VT-B earthquakes this depth 2 km below MSL. Due to magma intrusion filled into fractures of the fault in the West of Gede volcano this shallow magma filling-fractures and degassing in subsurface assumed dominates the volcano-tectonic events from January to November 2015 due to faults extends from North to South occured in the West of Gede volcano.</span></p>

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2

Umakoshi, K., H. Shimizu, and N. Matsuwo. "Volcano-tectonic seismicity at Unzen Volcano, Japan, 1985–1999." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 112, no. 1-4 (December 2001): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0273(01)00238-4.

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3

Iguchi, Masato, Haruhisa Nakamichi, Kuniaki Miyamoto, Makoto Shimomura, I. Gusti Made Agung Nandaka, Agus Budi-Santoso, Sulistiyani, and Nurnaning Aisyah. "Forecast of the Pyroclastic Volume by Precursory Seismicity of Merapi Volcano." Journal of Disaster Research 14, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2019.p0051.

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We propose a method to evaluate the potential volume of eruptive material using the seismic energy of volcanic earthquakes prior to eruptions of Merapi volcano. For this analysis, we used well-documented eruptions of Merapi volcano with pyroclastic flows (1994, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2006, and 2010) and the rates and magnitudes of volcano-tectonic A-type, volcano-tectonic B-type, and multiphase earthquakes before each of the eruptions. Using the worldwide database presented by White and McCausland [1], we derived a log-linear formula that describes the upper limit of the potential volume of erupted material estimated from the cumulative seismic energy of distal volcano-tectonic earthquakes. The relationship between the volume of pyroclastic material and the cumulative seismic energy released in 1994, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2006, and 2010 at Merapi volcano is well-approximated by the empirical formula derived from worldwide data within an order of magnitude. It is possible to expand this to other volcanic eruptions with short (< 30 years) inter-eruptive intervals. The difference in the intruded and extruded volumes between intrusions and eruptions, and the selection of the time period for the cumulative energy calculation are problems that still need to be addressed.

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4

Hidayati, Sri, Antonius Ratdomopurbo, Kazuhiro Ishihara, and Masato Iguchi. "Focal Mechanism of Volcano-tectonic Earthquakes at Merapi Volcano, Indonesia." Indonesian Journal of Physics 19, no. 3 (November 3, 2016): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/itb.ijp.2008.19.3.3.

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Merapi (2968 m), located in central Java, is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes in Indonesia. The volcano has repeated episodes of dome growth and collapse, producing pyroclastic flows during historical time. Volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes have been classified into deep (VTA) and shallow one (VTB). Since August 2000, number of VT events (M=1.0-1.6) had increased, and pyroclastic flows have successively occurred from the middle of January, 2001. The focal zone vertically extends to about 4 km deep beneath the summit. VTA events are located at the depth 2.2-4.1 km and the VTB ones at the depth shallower than 1.3 km. An aseismic zone is observed around 1.3-2.2 km deep between the hypocenter zones of the two types of VT earthquakes, interpreted as shallow magma storage. Focal mechanism of VT events was estimated by using both polarity and amplitude of P-wave first motions at 4 seismic stations, assuming double couple mechanism and homogenous medium. Determined focal mechanisms for VTA events are of normal-fault types. VTA events might originate by increase in horizontal tension when magma rose up from deeper portion. Orientation of their T-axes is nearly horizontal in NEE-SWW direction which might be affected by the E-W regional tectonic stress. As for the VTB, normal fault types dominate the deep VTB zone, while at the shallow part, both reverse fault and normal fault types are originated. The pressure increases at shallow magma storage may cause generation of deep VTB events of normal fault types. As VTB events frequently originated, corresponding to increase of multiphase (MP) events which are related to growth of lava dome, shallow VTB events of reverse fault type might be generated by horizontal compression related to pressure decrease in magma conduit due to extrusion of lava and gases, and occasionally by pressure increase at the shallow part due to accumulation of magma or volcanic gases.

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5

González, Pablo J. "Volcano-tectonic control of Cumbre Vieja." Science 375, no. 6587 (March 25, 2022): 1348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abn5148.

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6

Galluzzo, Danilo, Lucia Nardone, Mario La Rocca, Antonietta M. Esposito, Roberto Manzo, and Rosa Di Maio. "Statistical moments of power spectrum: a fast tool for the classification of seismic events recorded on volcanoes." Advances in Geosciences 52 (October 27, 2020): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-52-67-2020.

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Abstract. Spectral analysis has been applied to almost thousand seismic events recorded at Vesuvius volcano (Naples, southern Italy) in 2018 with the aim to test a new tool for a fast event classification. We computed two spectral parameters, central frequency and shape factor, from the spectral moments of order 0, 1, and 2, for each event at seven seismic stations taking the mean among the three components of ground motion. The analyzed events consist of volcano-tectonic earthquakes, low frequency events and unclassified events (landslides, rockfall, thunders, quarry blasts, etc.). Most of them are of low magnitude, and/or low maximum signal amplitude, therefore the signal to noise ratio is very different between the low noise summit stations and the higher noise stations installed at low elevation around the volcano. The results of our analysis show that volcano-tectonic earthquakes and low frequency events are easily distinguishable through the spectral moments values, particularly at seismic stations closer to the epicenter. On the contrary, unclassified events show the spectral parameters values distributed in a broad range which overlap both the volcano-tectonic earthquakes and the low frequency events. Since the computation of spectral parameters is extremely easy and fast for a detected event, it may become an effective tool for event classification in observatory practice.

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7

Hall, M. L., and C. A. Wood. "Volcano-tectonic segmentation of the northern Andes." Geology 13, no. 3 (1985): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<203:vsotna>2.0.co;2.

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8

Borgia, Andrea, and Benjamin van Wyk de Vries. "The volcano-tectonic evolution of Concepción, Nicaragua." Bulletin of Volcanology 65, no. 4 (May 2003): 248–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-002-0256-8.

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9

Roman, Diana C., and Katharine V. Cashman. "The origin of volcano-tectonic earthquake swarms." Geology 34, no. 6 (2006): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g22269.1.

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10

Hübscher, Christian, M. Ruhnau, and P. Nomikou. "Volcano-tectonic evolution of the polygenetic Kolumbo submarine volcano/Santorini (Aegean Sea)." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 291 (January 2015): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.12.020.

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11

Tárraga, M., R. Carniel, R. Ortiz, J. M. Marrero, and A. García. "On the predictability of volcano-tectonic events by low frequency seismic noise analysis at Teide-Pico Viejo volcanic complex, Canary Islands." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 6, no. 3 (May 15, 2006): 365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-6-365-2006.

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Abstract. The island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), is showing possible signs of reawakening after its last basaltic strombolian eruption, dated 1909 at Chinyero. The main concern relates to the central active volcanic complex Teide - Pico Viejo, which poses serious hazards to the properties and population of the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), and which has erupted several times during the last 5000 years, including a subplinian phonolitic eruption (Montaña Blanca) about 2000 years ago. In this paper we show the presence of low frequency seismic noise which possibly includes tremor of volcanic origin and we investigate the feasibility of using it to forecast, via the material failure forecast method, the time of occurrence of discrete events that could be called Volcano-Tectonic or simply Tectonic (i.e. non volcanic) on the basis of their relationship to volcanic activity. In order to avoid subjectivity in the forecast procedure, an automatic program has been developed to generate forecasts, validated by Bayes theorem. A parameter called "forecast gain" measures (and for the first time quantitatively) what is gained in probabilistic terms by applying the (automatic) failure forecast method. The clear correlation between the obtained forecasts and the occurrence of (Volcano-)Tectonic seismic events - a clear indication of a relationship between the continuous seismic noise and the discrete seismic events - is the explanation for the high value of this "forecast gain" in both 2004 and 2005 and an indication that the events are Volcano-Tectonic rather than purely Tectonic.

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12

Nandaka, I. Gusti Made Agung, Sulistiyani, Yosef Suharna, and Raditya Putra. "Overview of Merapi Volcanic Activities from Monitoring Data 1992–2011 Periods." Journal of Disaster Research 14, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2019.p0018.

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Merapi, the dangerous active volcano in Indonesia, has been monitored since the 1920s by applying several methods and tools. The monitoring data from earlier times are stored well and can be used as reference for any precursors and signs before each eruption. This article evaluates the long-term activity of Merapi from the monitoring data for 1992–2011 to obtain the trends and patterns before the eruption period by combining the seismicity, deformation, volcanic gas, and temperature data in the same time span. Several characteristics are exhibited before effusive and explosive eruptions, i.e., a significant level up in volcano-tectonic energy and increased CO2gas concentration indicating an explosive eruption. Effusive eruption is characterized by a significant multiphase earthquake with less occurrence of deep and shallow volcano-tectonic events. Deformation data from a tiltmeter and electronic distance measurement are important in understanding the dynamics of the lava dome and the eruption direction.

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13

Kadirov, F. A., I. Lerche, I. S. Guliyev, A. G. Kadyrov, A. A. Feyzullayev, and A. Sh Mukhtarov. "Deep Structure Model and Dynamics of Mud Volcanoes, Southwest Absheron Peninsula (Azerbaijan)." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 23, no. 5 (October 2005): 307–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/014459805775992717.

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Measurements have been made of gravitational field, geodetic uplift, regional horizontal tectonic movement, thermal patterns, and radioactivity in the general area of the Lokbatan mud volcano after its explosion on October 25, 2001, as well as in the crater itself. In addition, geochemical measurements of vitrinite reflectance with depth have been done and isotopic variations of methane and ethane are also made available. This massive compendium of information represents the first time such a detailed investigation has been possible of the deep structural effects of a mud volcano and also of the sources of mud and gas at outflow time. The data are integrated into a combined picture that shows the roots of both the mud outflow and of the gas causing the flaming eruption are at several kilometres depth into the sedimentary pile. The overall behaviour is best served by a model in which a relatively thin jet of liquefied mud is extruded from depth due to action of the varying tectonic stresses in the region, as adduced from the global positioning system (GPS) tectonic movement data. The variation of Bouguer gravity across a profile including the Lokbatan mud volcano, and combined with the geodetic vertical motion immediately after and long after (10 months) the explosion, confirms this basic model. The focusing of heat flux around the volcano prior to the explosion, and the thermal measurements made with time after the explosion both in the crater and also in the immediate vicinity of the Lokbatan volcano, are in accord with a thin hot jet model in which liquefied mud, with entrained gas from deeper in the sediments, rises through a neck region and, due to the Rayleigh–Bernard convective instability, produces a high temperature region. The geochemical evidence, showing low vitrinite maturity (<0.6%) to a depth of around 6 km, also indicates production of oil and gas from greater depths, as do the isotopic carbon measurements of methane and ethane in the unburnt gases. In short, it would seem that tectonic “squeezing” of a low-strength plastic mud layer from depth through a narrow vent with entrained gas and mud is the primary driver for mud volcano explosions. In the general regional, approximately linearly arranged lines of mud volcanoes, with their apparent focus centred on Shemakha from where the lines fan out, is also a strong indication of the basic tectonic origin. The combination of a rapidly filled sedimentary region, with unconsolidated (or deconsolidated) muds occupying a domain at several kilometre depth, and bracketed above and below by more competent formations, together with the active horizontal stress variations as measured by the GPS network, together form the basis for the spectacular mud volcano effects in this part of Azerbaijan.

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14

Londono, John M., and Yasuaki Sudo. "Spectral characteristics of volcano-tectonic earthquake swarms in Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 112, no. 1-4 (December 2001): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0273(01)00233-5.

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15

Zamora-Camacho, Araceli, Juan Manuel Espindola, Quiriat J. Gutiérrez-Peña, and Luis Quintanar. "Relocalization and Focal Mechanisms of Volcano-Tectonic Events at Colima Volcano, Colima, Mexico." Pure and Applied Geophysics 177, no. 10 (July 8, 2020): 4797–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-020-02540-x.

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16

Cannata, Andrea, Salvatore Alparone, and Andrea Ursino. "Repeating volcano-tectonic earthquakes at Mt. Etna volcano (Sicily, Italy) during 1999–2009." Gondwana Research 24, no. 3-4 (November 2013): 1223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2013.02.012.

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17

Lara-Cueva, Roman A., Diego S. Benitez, Enrique V. Carrera, Mario Ruiz, and Jose Luis Rojo-Alvarez. "Automatic Recognition of Long Period Events From Volcano Tectonic Earthquakes at Cotopaxi Volcano." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 54, no. 9 (September 2016): 5247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2016.2559440.

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18

Traversa, P., and J. R. Grasso. "How is Volcano Seismicity Different from Tectonic Seismicity?" Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 100, no. 4 (July 27, 2010): 1755–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090214.

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19

Searle, R. C. "The volcano-tectonic setting of oceanic lithosphere generation." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 60, no. 1 (1992): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1992.060.01.04.

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20

Gabrieli, Andrea, Lionel Wilson, and Stephen Lane. "Volcano–tectonic interactions as triggers of volcanic eruptions." Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 126, no. 6 (December 2015): 675–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2015.10.002.

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21

Kostama, V. P., and M. Aittola. "Arcuate graben of Venusian volcano-tectonic structures: The last phase of tectonic activity?" Astronomy & Astrophysics 428, no. 1 (November 23, 2004): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200400061.

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22

Bousquet, Jean-Claude, and Gianni Lanzafame. "Nouvelle interpretation des fractures des eruptions laterales de l'Etna; consequences pour son cadre tectonique." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 172, no. 4 (July 1, 2001): 455–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/172.4.455.

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Abstract Mt Etna is cut by numerous fractures (fissures and faults) of very different origin and orientation. They have been used to define the activity and the tectonic setting of the volcano. After a discussion of the proposed tectonic models for Etna, an examination of the fractures, which are linked to the high flank eruptions, was carried out based on the geological and geophysical studies of the recent eruptions (1983, 1989, 1991-93). All of these surface breaks are of strictly volcanic origin; they open and advance very slowly, in relation to the propagation of the dyke, as well as its width and depth from the volcano surface. If the dyke summit is not too far from the surface (about 200-300 m), fissures and normal faults, arranged in a graben, appear. When the dyke intersects the slope of the volcano, a flank eruption follows. Therefore, these fractures do not have a tectonic or volcano-tectonic origin: they do not cut the entire volcanic edifice, and thus cannot be used to define the rift-zones nor to characterise the tectonic regime controlling the functioning of Etna. They give information on the dyke orientation on the slopes of the volcanic edifice and cannot be used as significative markers of extension [Frazzetta and Villari, 1981; Kieffer 1983a and b; Monaco et al., 1997]. The simultaneous opening of radial fractures, according to various azimuths, is frequent and clearly indicates that, in these cases, the regional stress field is not implicated. But high on Etna, the concentration of flank eruptions, on the eastern side, and the orientation change of the fractures (fig. 6), when they travel away from the summit, have been repeatedly indicated. The repetition of flank eruptions and the azimuth changes can be explained, simply, by the closeness of the Valle del Bove [Murray, 1994], which induces a decrease of the confinement pressure. The dyke emplacements of the summit eruptions cause an eastward displacement of the higher part of Etna. Marine geophysical data indicate that this volcano is, however, not the site of a large scale lateral spreading to the Ionian sea. Consequently, an eastward detachment is present only on the superior part of the volcano (figs. 1B and 7C). In fact, an up to 100 m high and oversteepened east-facing scarp, between the towns of Vena and Presa, extends towards the south for some kilometers [Lanzafame et al., 2000]. It is made up of volcanic rocks affected by strong brecciation. Inverse faults are found in front of the scarp. The base of this one is found at the level of the pre-Etnean clays, which would have helped the displacement of the volcanics. The studies on the tectonic setting in which Etna is located has called the attention of numerous researchers. From the earliest studies, the presence of numerous normal faults has supported the idea that this volcano, as many others, is active in an extensional regime. The most recent geological and geophysical data show a more complex situation. Deep under Etna (more than 10 km), a compressive field (sigma 1 N-S) is present according to focal mechanisms [Cardaci et al.; 1990; Ferrucci et al., 1993; Cocina et al., 1997]. More superficially, instead, extension is usual. The importance of the weight of the volcanic edifice, in the spatial (horizontal and vertical) modification of the compressive stress field, must still be clarified. It is very clear, in any case, that Etna cannot be explained by an extensional regime or kinematics in extension [Monaco et al., 1997] using normal faults, which form during the flank eruptions.

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23

Hautmann, Stefanie, Joachim Gottsmann, Antonio Camacho, Nicolas Fournier, and R. Stephen J. Sparks. "Volcano-tectonic interaction at Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat (W.I.), constrained by dynamic gravity data." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 3 (October 1, 2008): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/3/1/012030.

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24

Carmona, Enrique, Javier Almendros, Inmaculada Serrano, Daniel Stich, and Jesús M. Ibáñez. "Results of seismic monitoring surveys of Deception Island volcano, Antarctica, from 1999–2011." Antarctic Science 24, no. 5 (May 17, 2012): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102012000314.

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AbstractDeception Island volcano (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica) has been monitored in summer surveys since 1994. We analyse the seismicity recorded from 1999–2011 with a local network and seismic arrays. It includes long-period (LP) events, volcanic tremor episodes and volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes. Long-period events are conspicuous, ranging from 58 (2007–08) to 2868 events (2003–04). The highest number of LP events in one day is 243 on 2 February 2001, and there are several discrete periods of intense LP activity. These variations may be related to alterations in the shallow hydrothermal system of Deception Island. The number of VT earthquakes recorded during the surveys range from 4 (2008–09) to 125 (2007–08). In some periods VT distributions are temporally and spatially homogeneous, with a generally low level of seismicity. In other periods we observe a peak of VT activity lasting a few days, concentrated in a particular area. These two patterns may respond to different processes, involving regional stresses and local tectonic destabilization induced by volcanic activity. Overall, this study indicates that over the period 1999–2011 the volcano presented a moderate level of seismicity, and suggests that there has been no significant reactivation of the volcano since the 1999 seismic crisis.

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Peruzza, Laura, Raffaele Azzaro, Robin Gee, Salvatore D'Amico, Horst Langer, Giuseppe Lombardo, Bruno Pace, et al. "When probabilistic seismic hazard climbs volcanoes: the Mt. Etna case, Italy – Part 2: Computational implementation and first results." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 11 (November 22, 2017): 1999–2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1999-2017.

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Abstract. This paper describes the model implementation and presents results of a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) for the Mt. Etna volcanic region in Sicily, Italy, considering local volcano-tectonic earthquakes. Working in a volcanic region presents new challenges not typically faced in standard PSHA, which are broadly due to the nature of the local volcano-tectonic earthquakes, the cone shape of the volcano and the attenuation properties of seismic waves in the volcanic region. These have been accounted for through the development of a seismic source model that integrates data from different disciplines (historical and instrumental earthquake datasets, tectonic data, etc.; presented in Part 1, by Azzaro et al., 2017) and through the development and software implementation of original tools for the computation, such as a new ground-motion prediction equation and magnitude–scaling relationship specifically derived for this volcanic area, and the capability to account for the surficial topography in the hazard calculation, which influences source-to-site distances. Hazard calculations have been carried out after updating the most recent releases of two widely used PSHA software packages (CRISIS, as in Ordaz et al., 2013; the OpenQuake engine, as in Pagani et al., 2014). Results are computed for short- to mid-term exposure times (10 % probability of exceedance in 5 and 30 years, Poisson and time dependent) and spectral amplitudes of engineering interest. A preliminary exploration of the impact of site-specific response is also presented for the densely inhabited Etna's eastern flank, and the change in expected ground motion is finally commented on. These results do not account for M > 6 regional seismogenic sources which control the hazard at long return periods. However, by focusing on the impact of M < 6 local volcano-tectonic earthquakes, which dominate the hazard at the short- to mid-term exposure times considered in this study, we present a different viewpoint that, in our opinion, is relevant for retrofitting the existing buildings and for driving impending interventions of risk reduction.

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26

Preine, J., J. Karstens, C. Hübscher, P. Nomikou, F. Schmid, G. J. Crutchley, T. H. Druitt, and D. Papanikolaou. "Spatio-temporal evolution of the Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo volcanic field, Aegean Sea." Geology 50, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g49167.1.

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Abstract The Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo volcanic field (CSKVF) in the Aegean Sea is one of the most active volcano-tectonic lineaments in Europe. Santorini has been an iconic site in volcanology and archaeology since the 19th century, and the onshore volcanic products of Santorini are one of the best-studied volcanic sequences worldwide. However, little is known about the chronology of volcanic activity of the adjacent submarine Kolumbo volcano, and even less is known about the Christiana volcanic island. In this study, we exploit a dense array of high-resolution marine seismic reflection profiles to link the marine stratigraphy to onshore volcanic sequences and present the first consistent chronological framework for the CSKVF, enabling a detailed reconstruction of the evolution of the volcanic rift system in time and space. We identify four main phases of volcanic activity, which initiated in the Pliocene with the formation of the Christiana volcano (phase 1). The formation of the current southwest-northeast–trending rift system (phase 2) was associated with the evolution of two distinct volcanic centers, the newly discovered Poseidon center and the early Kolumbo volcano. Phase 3 saw a period of widespread volcanic activity throughout the entire rift. The ongoing phase 4 is confined to the Santorini caldera and Kolumbo volcano. Our study highlights the fundamental tectonic control on magma emplacement and shows that the CSKVF evolved from a volcanic field with local centers that matured only recently to form the vast Santorini edifice.

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27

BROWN, DAVID J., EOGHAN P. HOLOHAN, and BRIAN R. BELL. "Sedimentary and volcano-tectonic processes in the British Paleocene Igneous Province: a review." Geological Magazine 146, no. 3 (March 26, 2009): 326–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756809006232.

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AbstractResearch on the British Paleocene Igneous Province (BPIP) has historically focused on the emplacement, chemistry and chronology of its elaborate central intrusive complexes and lava fields. However, the BPIP has also been dramatically shaped by numerous erosion, sedimentation and volcano-tectonic events, the significance of which becomes ever clearer as localities in the BPIP are re-investigated and our understanding of volcano-sedimentary processes advances. The resultant deposits provide important palaeo-environmental, palaeo-geographical and stratigraphical information, and highlight the wide range of processes and events that occur in ancient volcanic settings such as the BPIP. In this paper we review the sedimentary and volcano-tectonic processes that can be distinguished in the BPIP, and conceptualize them within a generalized framework model. We identify, and describe, the sedimentary responses to four broadly chronological stages in the history of the BPIP volcanoes: (1) the development of the lava fields, (2) early intrusion-induced uplift, (3) caldera collapse and (4) post-volcano denudation and exhumation of central complexes. We highlight and illustrate the range of sedimentary processes that were active in the BPIP. These operated on and helped shape a dynamic landscape of uplands and lowlands, of alluvial fans, braided rivers, lakes and swamps, and of volcanoes torn apart by catastrophic mass wasting events and/or caldera collapse.

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Xia, Yingjie, Sidao Ni, and Xiangfang Zeng. "Twin enigmatic microseismic sources in the Gulf of Guinea observed on intercontinental seismic stations." Geophysical Journal International 194, no. 1 (April 4, 2013): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggt076.

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Abstract Based on studies of continuous waveform data recorded on broad-band seismograph stations in Africa, Europe and North America, we report evidences for two temporally persistent and spatially localized monochromatic vibrating sources (around 0.036 and 0.038 Hz, respectively) in the Gulf of Guinea, instead of just one source (0.038 Hz or 26 s) found 50 yr ago. The location of the 0.036 Hz source is close to the Sao Tome Volcano, therefore it may be related to volcano processes. However, the 0.038 Hz source cannot be explained with known mechanisms, such as tectonic or oceanic processes. The most likely mechanism is volcano processes, but there is no reported active volcano in source region. Such repetitive vibration sources may provide valuable tools for detecting temporal variation of crustal structure of the Earth.

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Hildenbrand, Anthony, Pierre-Yves Gillot, and Isabelle Le Roy. "Volcano-tectonic and geochemical evolution of an oceanic intra-plate volcano: Tahiti-Nui (French Polynesia)." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 217, no. 3-4 (January 2004): 349–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-821x(03)00599-5.

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Roman, Diana C., and John A. Power. "Mechanism of the 1996–97 non-eruptive volcano-tectonic earthquake swarm at Iliamna Volcano, Alaska." Bulletin of Volcanology 73, no. 2 (February 27, 2011): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-010-0439-7.

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31

Balkanska, Eleonora, Stoyan Georgiev, Alexandre Kounov, Milorad Antić, Takahiro Tagami, Shigeru Sueoka, Jan Wijbrans, and Irena Peytcheva. "Low-temperature thermochronological constraints on the Аlpine evolution of the central parts of Sredna Gora Zone, Bulgaria." Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society 82, no. 3 (December 2021): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82.3.81.

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We present the first apatite and zircon fission-track results coupled with new muscovite and biotite 40Ar/39Ar analysis on samples from the pre-Mesozoic granitic basement and the Upper Cretaceous to Danian volcano-sedimentary cover, which allowed us to reveal the Alpine thermal and tectonic evolution of the central parts of Sredna Gora Zone. Our new results disclosed the existence of several heating and cooling episodes related to distinct tectonic and magmatic events in the studied area.

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32

Suharjo, S., Alif Noor Anna, Retno Woro Kaeksi, and Yuli Priyana. "Potensi Air Tanah pasca Gempa Tektonik di Lereng Merapi Daerah Klaten Jawa Tengah." Forum Geografi 22, no. 2 (December 20, 2008): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v22i2.4993.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the potency of land water in the post tectonic earchquake at Merapi slope in Klaten regency, Central Java. This research applies a survey method. The result of analysis is made based on the trilinier diagram, Stiff pattern, and the quality standard of drinking water. The collected data are in the form of land form, shallow land water data, suppressed land water, and well or spring. The results of the sesearch show that 1) the land form in Klaten is divided into four sets of landform, they are peak and slope of volcano, feet of volcano, fluvial palin under volcano, and a set of structural morphology. 2) The potency of land water can be tested based on the amount of land water and the quality of land water. The amount of land water in Klaten regency 260,502,274 m3/year or 727,618,722 liter/day. The amount of land water above is taken from free land water 73,301,436 m3/year, suppressed land water 34,138,520 m3/year, and land water taken from well or spring 153,062,784 m3/year. The quality of shallow land water in Klaten regency is proper to consume. 3) The distribution of upland water potency happens in the feet volcano land form, the potency of medium land water happens in the superficial of fluvial under volcano land form, and the potency of lowland water happens in the slope volcano land form and in the structural range of hills at Bayat subdistrict, 4) The tectonic earthquake gives serious effect toward morphological changes, land split, land subsident and the potency of land water in the fluvial plain of land form under volcano and structural range of hills in the area of Bayat subdistrict, and 5) In 2008, the needs of drinking water in Klaten regency is predicted around 1,164,000 people x 150 liter/day = 174,600,000 liter/day.

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33

Francalanci, L., F. Lucchi, J. Keller, G. De Astis, and C. A. Tranne. "Chapter 13 Eruptive, volcano-tectonic and magmatic history of the Stromboli volcano (north-eastern Aeolian archipelago)." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 37, no. 1 (2013): 397–471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m37.13.

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34

Martanto, Martanto, Andri Dian Nugraha, David P. Sahara, Devy Kamil Syahbana, Puput P. Rahsetyo, Imam C. Priambodo, and Ardianto Ardianto. "Features Engineering and Features Extraction of Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2243, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2243/1/012034.

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Abstract A volcano-Tectonic earthquake, commonly referred to as VT, is an earthquake caused by magma intrusion that increases the pressure below the volcano’s surface. The accumulation of stress that continuously affects the elasticity of rocks causes fractures when the elasticity limit of rocks is exceeded. VT is one of the earthquakes used as a parameter to decide the level of volcanic activity. To understand the characteristics of VT, it is necessary to do features engineering, which is a process of extracting features so that the characteristics of VT are obtained. The data used in this study was the VT earthquake when Agung was in crisis in 2017. The extraction process is conducted by performing statistics calculations in temporal and spectral domains. The waveform of VT is univariate time series data, and to perform the extraction of features, this study uses changes in amplitude value to the time taken from the waveform. Features that were successfully extracted from this study are as many as 48 features. The result of the extraction of these features can be used as input parameters in performing auto-classification of VT using machine learning.

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35

Morelli, D., G. Immé, S. Cammisa, R. Catalano, G. Mangano, S. La Delfa, and G. Patanè. "Radioactivity measurements in volcano-tectonic area for geodynamic process study." EPJ Web of Conferences 24 (2012): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20122405009.

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36

Coulon, C. A., P. A. Hsieh, R. White, J. B. Lowenstern, and S. E. Ingebritsen. "Causes of distal volcano-tectonic seismicity inferred from hydrothermal modeling." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 345 (October 2017): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.07.011.

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37

Carmo, R., J. Madeira, T. Ferreira, G. Queiroz, and A. Hipólito. "Chapter 6 Volcano-tectonic structures of São Miguel Island, Azores." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 44, no. 1 (2015): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m44.6.

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38

MOORE, I. A. N., and PETER KOKELAAR. "Tectonic influences in piecemeal caldera collapse at Glencoe Volcano, Scotland." Journal of the Geological Society 154, no. 5 (September 1997): 765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.154.5.0765.

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39

Chevallier, Luc. "Tectonic and structural evolution of Gough volcano: A volcanological model." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 33, no. 4 (October 1987): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(87)90022-9.

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40

Ingebritsen, S. E., D. R. Shelly, P. A. Hsieh, L. E. Clor, P. H. Seward, and W. C. Evans. "Hydrothermal response to a volcano-tectonic earthquake swarm, Lassen, California." Geophysical Research Letters 42, no. 21 (November 6, 2015): 9223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015gl065826.

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41

Faria, B., and J. F. B. D. Fonseca. "Investigating volcanic hazard in Cape Verde Islands through geophysical monitoring: network description and first results." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 2 (February 28, 2014): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-14-485-2014.

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Abstract. We describe a new geophysical network deployed in the Cape Verde Archipelago for the assessment and monitoring of volcanic hazards as well as the first results from the network. Across the archipelago, the ages of volcanic activity range from ca. 20 Ma to present. In general, older islands are in the east and younger ones are in the west, but there is no clear age progression of eruptive activity as widely separated islands have erupted contemporaneously on geological timescales. The overall magmatic rate is low, and there are indications that eruptive activity is episodic, with intervals between episodes of intense activity ranging from 1 to 4 Ma. Although only Fogo Island has experienced eruptions (mainly effusive) in the historic period (last 550 yr), Brava and Santo Antão have experienced numerous geologically recent eruptions, including violent explosive eruptions, and show felt seismic activity and geothermal activity. Evidence for recent volcanism in the other islands is more limited and the emphasis has therefore been on monitoring of the three critical islands of Fogo, Brava and Santo Antão, where volcanic hazard levels are highest. Geophysical monitoring of all three islands is now in operation. The first results show that on Fogo, the seismic activity is dominated by hydrothermal events and volcano-tectonic events that may be related to settling of the edifice after the 1995 eruption; in Brava by volcano-tectonic events (mostly offshore), and in Santo Antão by volcano-tectonic events, medium-frequency events and harmonic tremor. Both in Brava and in Santo Antão, the recorded seismicity indicates that relatively shallow magmatic systems are present and causing deformation of the edifices that may include episodes of dike intrusion.

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42

Faria, B., and J. F. B. D. Fonseca. "Investigating volcanic hazard in Cape Verde Islands through geophysical monitoring: network description and first results." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 1, no. 5 (September 25, 2013): 4997–5032. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-1-4997-2013.

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Abstract. We describe a new geophysical network deployed in the Cape Verde archipelago for the assessment and monitoring of volcanic hazards, and the first results from the network. Across the archipelago, the ages of volcanic activity range from ca. 20 Ma to present. In general, older islands are in the east and younger ones are in the west, but there is no clear age progression and widely-separated islands have erupted contemporaneously on geological time scales. The overall magmatic rate is low, and there are indications that eruptive activity is episodic, with intervals between episodes of intense activity ranging from 1 to 4 Ma. Although only Fogo island has experienced eruptions (mainly effusive) in the historic period (last 550 yr), Brava and Santo Antão have experienced numerous geologically recent eruptions including violent explosive eruptions, and show felt seismic activity and geothermal activity. Evidence for recent volcanism in the other islands is more limited and the emphasis has therefore been on monitoring of the three critical islands of Fogo, Brava and Santo Antão, where volcanic hazard levels are highest. Geophysical monitoring of all three islands is now in operation. The first results show that in Fogo the seismic activity is dominated by hydrothermal events and volcano-tectonic events that may be related to settling of the edifice after the 1995 eruption; in Brava by volcano-tectonic events (mostly offshore), and in Santo Antão by volcano-tectonic events, medium frequency events and harmonic tremor. Both in Brava and in Santo Antão, the recorded seismicity indicates that relatively shallow magmatic systems are present and causing deformation of the edifices that may include episodes of dike intrusion.

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43

Niasari, Sintia Windhi, Lusia Rita Nugraheni, and Puspita Dian Maghfira. "The b-value of the Kelud Volcano in the Last Three Decades." E3S Web of Conferences 325 (2021): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132501019.

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Kelud volcano is located in the Kediri sub-district, East Java Province, Indonesia. This volcano is still active, with total population, in the radius of 10 km, is around 10 thousand people. Kelud volcano is a popular tourist destination. On the weekend, total visitor can reach 5,000 people per-day. These people are at high risk when the Kelud volcano erupts. The last eruption of the Kelud volcano occurred in 2014 and was explosive eruption. Previously, there was an effusive eruption in 2007. These two types of eruption have its own geo hazard risk. Thus, predict the eruption type could help hazard mitigation. In this study, two data sets of earthquakes, 1990-2007 and 2008-2020, were analysed to determine the b-value and its relationship to the eruption type of the Kelud volcano. The calculation of the b-value uses the Gutenberg-Richter relationship. Calculation of the b-value in 2007, when there was an effusive eruption, showed a value of 2.27, while in 2014 (when there was an explosive eruption) was 1.85. After 2009, the curve of the b-value against time shows decrease. As a long term precursor of the Kelud activity, this b-value curve should be analysed continuously, besides volcano tectonic seismicity monitoring.

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44

Kusumayudha, Sari Bahagiarti, and Heru Sigit Purwanto. "Enormous Mass Movements, and Gravitational Tectonics Model of the North Serayu Mountains, Karangkobar Area, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia." International Journal of Geology and Earth Sciences 6, no. 1 (March 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijges.6.1.1-8.

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North Serayu Mountains in the Central Java province, Indonesia, stretches with west - east axis, bordered by Slamet volcano to the Bogor Mountains in the west, and delimited by Ungaran volcano to the Kendeng Mountains in the east. In the north of these mountains there is coastal alluvial plain of Java, and in the south there is a depression zone of River Serayu. Overall geomorphostructures of the North Serayu Mountains form a faulted anticlinorium, which one of its flank relatively dipping to the south. In the bottom part of this ranges are such plastic, clastic, clayey sedimentary rocks, Eocene to Miocene aged. While at the upper portion there is a group of elastic, brittle, massive volcanic rocks, andesitic to basaltic composition, Pliocene to Pleistocene aged. A volcano, called Rogo Jembangan stands over the top of the North Serayu anticlinorium, with two of its eccentric cones, namely Mount Telagalele and Mount Pawinihan, situated in the Karangkobar District. North Serayu anticlinorium with a plastic bedrock, which is overlain by elastic, hard, and heavy rock has created such a tectonic model influenced by gravity. Parts of volcano’s body and volcanic rocks blocks in the Banjarnegara Regency area generally move slowly but surely southward over a giant slip plane in the form of orographic fields. Locally, this gravitational tectonic is manifested as mass slides, glides, and creeps, occur any time in the study area. Orogenetics of the North Serayu Mountains is still on going in line with the active tectonism of the Java island, caused by subduction of Indian-Australian plate beneath the Eurasian plate. As long as that is the case, gravitational tectonic will continue to run, and mass movements in the research area will regenerate to happen.

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45

Dehghan Firoozabadi, Ali, Fabian Seguel, Ismael Soto, David Guevara, Fernando Huenupan, Millaray Curilem, and Luis Franco. "Evaluation of Llaima volcano activities for localization and classification of LP, VT and TR events." Journal of Electrical Engineering 68, no. 5 (September 1, 2017): 325–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jee-2017-0064.

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Abstract Evaluation of seismic signals is one of the most important research topics on Volcanology. Volcanoes have daily activity; therefore, high speed evaluation of recorded signals is a challenge for improving the study of the natural phenomena occurring inside these natural formations. The aim of this paper is the evaluation (denoising, localization and classification) and analysis of Llaima volcano activities, one of the most actives volcanoes in South America. Different already proposed methods, such as, Butterworth, Spectral Subtraction (SS) and Wiener Filter (WF) are compared to the proposed Modified Spectral Subtraction (MSS) and Modified Wiener Filter (MWF) to find the best method for denoising the volcano signals. Then, event localization based on received signals of volcano is performed. In this step, Time Delay Estimation (TDE)-based method is used on data acquired from 3 mechanical sensors located in the volcano area. The proposed method is used to estimate the area for event location. The proposed denoising methods make the starting point for the event more evident to increase the localization accuracy for events where the starting point is difficult to find. In the last step, a method based on the novel DNN technique is proposed to classify the three main events occurring in the Llaima volcano (TR (Tremor), LP (Long Period) and VT (Volcano Tectonic)).

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46

Zouzias, D., and K. St. Seymour. "MAGMA INTRUSION IN 'PROTO-CALDERA CALDERA' SYSTEMS: EXAMPLE FROM THE NISYROS VOLCANO." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 1 (June 8, 2018): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16660.

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The interdependence of volcanism and tectonism has been focused upon in the last decade as a result of previously accumulated evidence, as well as, due to the application of remote sensing techniques in both these fields. Volcanoes depend on tectonic features such as faults for their positioning and operation and on petrotectonic environment for the chemistry of their magmas. Faults provide the plumbing system for magma ascent and therefore volcano localisation and distribution in space greatly depends on the tectonic pattern of an area. On the other hand, volcanoes locally imprint their volcanotectonic features such as radial and ring faults which result from cycles of magma replenishment (inflation) and evacuation (deflation) of magmatic reservoirs (magma chambers). Under this light, the area in the easternmost extremity of the Aegean Arc is being reconsidered. Our main preliminary findings of ongoing research in the area, using field and remote sensing methods indicate localization of volcanic activity on Kos and on the Datca Peninsula of Asian Minor since Miocene due to the northbounding faults of the Datca Graben. Localisation of volcanic vents and calderas in the Kos-Nisyros area follows intersection of a major tectonic line of northnorthwesterly trending faults the 'Kos-Nisyros-Tilos Line' with N50°E, N30°E and N20°W trending faults. On the well-preserved volcano ofNisyros the architecture of the volcanic edifice has significantly been affected by 'trap-door' volcanotectonics of a major volcanic infrastructure in the area namely the Kos-Caldera

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47

GLUKHOV, Anton, and Petr TIKHOMIROV. "Erguveem Ore Region in the eastern Chukotka Peninsula: An effect of the tectonics of the ore-bearing volcano-structures on composition of the gold-silver mineralization." Domestic geology, no. 3-4 (September 14, 2021): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47765/0869-7175-2021-10022.

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The geological and structural position of the Pepenveem and Korrida Au-Ag ore occurrences situated in the East-Chukotka segment of the Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanogenic Belt (OCVB) was studied. The Pepenveem ore occurrence was characterized by one (volcanogenic) mineralization stage. It is localized within a graben-like monocline composed of Late Cretaceous volcanics. A relatively stable tectonic regime caused rather low temperature and pressure gradients during the ore formation and, consequently, simple mineral composition of the ores and absence of advanced argillic alteration. In contrast, the Korrida ore occurrence was characterized by two (volcanogenic and plutonogenic) mineralization stages. It is localized within a plutonogenic uplift complicated by a regional fault zone. Here, the basement of the volcano-structure, composed of island-arc volcano-sedimentary rocks, was uplifted to the surface by numerous high-angle faults. The here observed extensive development of zoned metasomatic haloes (including advanced argillic alterations), abundance of mineral species, and sharp temperature and pressure gradients could resulted from tectonic activity in a zone of interaction between the plutonic dome and deep-seated regional fault.

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Almendros, J., E. Carmona, V. Jiménez, A. Díaz-Moreno, and F. Lorenzo. "Volcano-Tectonic Activity at Deception Island Volcano Following a Seismic Swarm in the Bransfield Rift (2014-2015)." Geophysical Research Letters 45, no. 10 (May 28, 2018): 4788–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018gl077490.

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49

Jónsdóttir, Kristín, Ari Tryggvason, Roland Roberts, Bjoörn Lund, Heidi Soosalu, and Reynir Böðvarsson. "Habits of a glacier-covered volcano: seismicity patterns and velocity structure of Katla volcano, Iceland." Annals of Glaciology 45 (2007): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282499.

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AbstractThe Katla volcano, overlain by the Mýrdalsjökull glacier, is one of the most active and hazardous volcanoes in Iceland. Earthquakes show anomalous magnitude-frequency behaviour and mainly occur in two distinct areas: within the oval caldera and around Goðabunga, a bulge on its western flank. The seismicity differs between the areas; earthquakes in Goðabunga are low frequency and shallow whereas those beneath the caldera occur at greater depths and are volcano-tectonic. The seismicity shows seasonal variations but the rates peak at different times in the two areas. A snow budget model, which gives an estimate of the glacial loading, shows good correlation with seismic activity on an annual scale. Data recorded by the permanent network South Iceland Lowland (SIL), as well as by a temporary network, are used to invert for a 3D seismic velocity model underneath Eyjafjallajökull, Goðabunga and the Katla caldera. The tomography resolves a 15 km wide, aseismic, high-velocity structure at a depth of more than 4 km between the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in the west and the Katla volcano in the east. Anomalously low velocities are observed beneath the Katla caldera, which is interpreted as being a significantly fractured area of anomalously high temperature.

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Corfu, F., and G. M. Stott. "U–Pb geochronology of the central Uchi Subprovince, Superior Province." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, no. 6 (June 1, 1993): 1179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-100.

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U–Pb zircon and titanite ages for rocks of the central Uchi Subprovince in northwestern Ontario indicate a late Archean magmatic and tectonic development spanning over 200 Ma. An early period at 2900–2800 Ma formed volcano-plutonic complexes, presumably linked to 3.1–2.8 Ga terrains of the northwestern Superior Province. A later period of southward growth by magmatic and tectonic accretion occurred at 2750–2710 Ma and was concluded by large scale compression and plutonism at 2700 Ma.The oldest 2890–2860 and 2840–2820 Ma components occur in the Pickle Lake and Meen–Dempster greenstone belts and as gneisses in the Seach–Achapi and the Lake St. Joseph batholiths in northern and central sectors of the region. Together with distinct 2750–2740 Ma volcano-plutonic complexes they form a collage assembled by multiple episodes of tectonic juxtaposition and magmatic accretion. Plutons of 2730–2710 Ma age are intrusive into these older, northern domains, whereas their volcanic counterparts compose the Lake St. Joseph and Miminiska – Fort Hope greenstone belts to the south. Late-tectonic to posttectonic granitoid rocks intruded a region extending from the northern Berens River Subprovince to the southern English River Subprovince at 2700 Ma. These plutons were cut by regional scale faults formed by residual north-northwest directed shortening. The timing of this movement seems to be recorded by titanite ages of 2690–2670 Ma. Reactivation of the same faults may account for Proterozoic Pb loss observed in some of the zircon populations. The age patterns are consistent with crustal growth along a continental margin in a north-dipping subduction environment.

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