Journal articles: 'Volcanisme – Influence'

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Bodergat, Anne-Marie, Kimihiko Oki, Kunihiro Ishizaki, and Michel Rio. "Volcanisme, activité anthropique et circulation des masses océaniques : leur influence respective sur la distribution des populations d'ostracodes dans la baie de Kagoshima (ı̂le de Kyushu, Japon)." Comptes Rendus Geoscience 334, no. 14 (November 2002): 1053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1631-0713(02)01847-3.

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Balcerak, Ernie. "Io's volcanism influences Jupiter's magnetosphere." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 93, no. 9 (February 28, 2012): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012eo090029.

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Gorshenina, Svetlana. "L’Asie centrale d’Alexander von Humboldt : un essai de géométrie naturaliste." Cahiers du Centre de Linguistique et des Sciences du Langage, no. 33 (November 19, 2012): 281–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/la.cdclsl.2012.835.

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Le but du présent article est d’analyser le mécanisme de construction de l’Asie centrale proposée par Alexandre von Humboldt (1769- 1859) dans ses ouvrages parus entre 1830 et 1843 (Mémoire sur les chaînes des montagnes et sur les volcans de l’Asie intérieure, et sur une nouvelle éruption volcanique dans la chaîne des Andes, 1830 ; Chaînes de montagnes et volcans de l’Asie-centrale, 1830 ; Asie centrale. Recherches sur les chaînes de montagnes et la climatologie comparée, 1843). Influencé par les idées prônant une organisation rationnelle de l’espace et s’appuyant notamment sur la vision du parallélisme orographique et sur la théorie du volcanisme, Humboldt propose une classification de la Terre fondée sur l’hypothèse suivante : la surface du globe n’est pas uniforme, mais régionalement différenciée, ce qui permet de souligner des configurations sur la base desquelles il est possible de distinguer des régions «naturelles» et géométriques qui deviennent par la suite des régions géographiques. De part et d’autre du 44,5ème parallèle, sur une largeur de 5° au nord et de 5° au sud de cette ligne, Humboldt délimite ainsi, entre autres, un ruban transasiatique combiné à un présupposé centre de l’Asie ; cette figure sera plus tard considérée comme étant sa définition unique de l’Asie centrale. L’impact intellectuel de son ouvrage sera si fort que les savants de l’époque accepteront presque à l’unanimité cette nouvelle approche de l’Asie centrale, ainsi que le vocabulaire utilisé.

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Daniels, Lori D., and Thomas T. Veblen. "Altitudinal treelines of the southern Andes near 40ºS." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79237-2.

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In the southern Andes near 40ºS, altitudinal treelines are dominated by Nothofagus pumilio, a broadleaf deciduous angiosperm in the beech family (Fagaceae). Treeline elevations, ranging from 1100 to 1500 m a.s.l., are influenced by regional climate and volcanism. At the local scale, disturbance influences treeline elevation, ecotone length, and vegetation productivity. Decadal and interannual variation in climate related to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) significantly affected radial growth of krummholz trees and seedling demography; however, climate-treeline relations were complex. Radial growth of krummholz trees and seedling demography responded differently to climate variation. These relations differed between climate regions and were unstable through time. We conclude that inter-annual variations in climate, such as those associated with ENSO, will be critical for successful reproduction and growth of Nothofagus pumilio at treeline in the Andes under the influence of global warming. Key words:Argentina, Chile, climate change, disturbance, forest dynamics, global warming, northern Patagonia, Nothofagus pumilio, South America, timberline

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Konter, Jasper G., and Matthew G. Jackson. "Large volumes of rejuvenated volcanism in Samoa: Evidence supporting a tectonic influence on late-stage volcanism." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 13, no. 6 (June 2012): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011gc003974.

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Sánchez, John J., and William A. Posada. "Old and modern volcanic depictions as evidence of communities-volcanoes mutualism in Colombia." Andean Geology 51, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5027/andgeov51n1-3667.

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Studying the different ways in which the concept of volcanism is represented is crucial in the understanding of communities’ perception of the volcanic phenomena. In this contribution, 129 modern (2021-2023) depictions of volcanoes in Colombia between latitudes 0.82 and 5.96° N are described and classified into different contexts of use. Prehispanic depictions of volcanism are investigated in rock art sites (3 pictographs and 33 petroglyphs), and 15 distinct mythical narratives compiled and confirmed through interviews in the State of Nariño. We suggest that many of the rock art sites contain motifs that are reminiscent of the idea of volcanism, and that many of the folk tales include allusions to the volcanic concept. By collating the information contained in modern and older depictions, a link is established with the reality of the volcanic phenomena that shows how mutualism takes root between communities and volcanoes. The beneficial aspects derived from this relationship influence the perception of volcanic hazards in the region.

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Barash, M. S. "Changes in the geomagnetic field and the evolution of marine biota." Океанология 59, no. 2 (June 9, 2019): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0030-1574592257-264.

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The ideas about the influence of the geomagnetic field on evolution and biodiversity are controversial. The quantitative distribution of datum levels of oceanic microplankton during the last 2.0 million years shows a correlation with geomagnetic inversions. Lowering of the field intensity increases cosmic irradiation of the Earth's surface, which can activate mutagenesis leading to new species emergence. Moreover, since the correlation of the geomagnetic field intensity with the composition of the atmosphere, temperature, climate, volcanism and other environmental conditions is revealed, it is possible to assume its influence on evolutionary processes as a part of the general complex of environmental conditions. Geomagnetic polarity superchrons ended by mantle plume formation which produced the trap eruptions and initiated Phanerozoic faunal mass extinctions. The sources of the geomagnetic field and plume formation leading to trap volcanism are at the boundaries of the inner spheres of the Earth, which explains their correlation. And their correlation with impact events as one of the causes of extinction can be explained by the common cosmic root cause located outside the solar system.

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Salikhov, V. "The phenomenon of pulsating lakes of Torey (Transbaikalia)." TRANSBAIKAL STATE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL 28, no. 4 (2022): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2022-28-4-135-141.

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The phenomenon of pulsating lakes of the drainless Torey Basin - Barun- and Zun-Torey, located in the south of Transbaikalia territory, is considered. The unique peculiarity of the lakes is periodicity, mainly alternation of distinctly dry and wet periods with the duration of 24 to 42 years, on average about 30 years, i.e. a strict cyclicity is not observed. The cause of periodicity is measured from two main positions: either climatic changes or tectonic processes. The analysis of the available material indicates that the cause of periodicity is complex, but with the leading role of tectonic processes (neotectonic fluctuations), awakening multilevel groundwater of the Tsasucheisky and Torey artesian basins are the main sources of lake feeding. Groundwater feeding (Uldza River, Imalka River) is insignificant and the inflow is spent for evaporation. Tectonic processes do not occur without the participation of the Space (solar activity, the state of the Universe), because the Earth is a coordinated space system and all the processes occurring in it are reflected in the state of its depths. Measures are suggested to change considerably the duration of oscillations of the water surface of the Torey lakes and not to wait for the next water period of 15 years and more. Such measures can be compulsory influence on the activity of a lot of underground waters of the artesian basin, the main sources of feeding of the lakes. External influences can be ground or underground dosed explosions or vibration (during desiccation phases), widely used to increase the oil and gas flow rate in hydrocarbon production. Another remarkable phenomenon of the Torey Basin is mud volcanism in a form of salsa, which some researchers consider as search signs of oil and gas bearing capacity. The analysis of materials on mud volcanism on a global scale unequivocally indicates the absence of mud volcanism not only in the Torey Basin, but also in general the absence of such in Transbaikalia. The phenomenon of pulsating Torey lakes is not related to climatic changes, but has a complex cause, with the leading end, the "piston pump" effect, not without the participation of the Space. There is no mud volcanism in the Torey Basin. Consequently, it is not necessary to speak about its prospects for oil-and-gas bearing capacity. The salts observed in the Torey have a different nature and are connected with the activity of groundwater in the areas of permafrost spreading

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Mikhailik, Pavel, Alexandr Khanchuk, Evgenii Mikhailik, Yuliya Ivanova, and Maxim Blokhin. "The influence of hydrothermal activity during the origin of Co-rich manganese crusts of the N-W Pacific." E3S Web of Conferences 98 (2019): 08016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199808016.

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The distribution of cobalt, vanadium, cadmium and molybdenum in the mineral fractions of the Co-rich manganese crusts (CMC) from Zubov and Govorov Guyots is considered. It is shown that the concentrations of cobalt in the ferrous fraction, and vanadium, cadmium in the manganese fraction indicate the ability of the CMC to record the rejuvenated volcanism in the N-W Pacific.

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Leat, P. T., and R. S. Thorpe. "Ordovician volcanism in the Welsh Borderland." Geological Magazine 123, no. 6 (November 1986): 629–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800024146.

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AbstractBasaltic, andesitic and rhyodacitic/rhyolitic volcanism was widespread during Ordovician time in the Welsh Basin. New chemical data are presented for Llanvirn to Caradoc lavas and tuffs from the Welsh Borderland which, during Ordovician time, formed the southeastern margin of the Welsh Basin. In view of the observed chemical alteration, immobile elements are used in the interpretation of the original geochemical character. The data indicate that the Llanvirn Stapeley volcanic group of the Shelve inlier was a bimodal basalt/basaltic andesite – rhyodacite/rhyolite association. The basalts have trace element contents of tholeiitic associations with a subduction-related character. The Caradoc Whittery and Hagley volcanic groups of the Shelve inlier comprise lavas and tuffs of calc-alkaline andesite. Blocks sampled from the Breidden Hills show that these were also derived from a calc-alkaline volcano. Associated Caradoc pumice- and ash-flow deposits from the Breidden Hills are probably of altered calc-alkaline rhyodacite/rhyolite composition. The Sibdon Carwood basalt flow, the only known example of Ordovician volcanism east of the Pontesford–Linley and Church Stretton lineaments, has transitional tholeiitic to alkaline character, with trace element contents influenced by subduction-related processes. The overall tholeiitic to calc-alkaline nature of the magmatism is consistent with the view that, during Llanvirn to Caradoc time, the Welsh Basin was an ensialic marginal basin.

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Berndt, Christian, Sverre Planke, Damon Teagle, Ritske Huismans, Trond Torsvik, Joost Frieling, Morgan T. Jones, et al. "Northeast Atlantic breakup volcanism and consequences for Paleogene climate change – MagellanPlus Workshop report." Scientific Drilling 26 (December 2, 2019): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-26-69-2019.

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Abstract. The northeast Atlantic encompasses archetypal examples of volcanic rifted margins. Twenty-five years after the last ODP (Ocean Drilling Program) leg on these volcanic margins, the reasons for excess melting are still disputed with at least three competing hypotheses being discussed. We are proposing a new drilling campaign that will constrain the timing, rates of volcanism, and vertical movements of rifted margins. This will allow us to parameterise geodynamic models that can distinguish between the hypotheses. Furthermore, the drilling-derived data will help us to understand the role of breakup magmatism as a potential driver for the Palaeocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) and its influence on the oceanographic circulation in the earliest phase of the northeast Atlantic Ocean formation. Tackling these questions with a new drilling campaign in the northeast Atlantic region will advance our understanding of the long-term interactions between tectonics, volcanism, oceanography, and climate and the functioning of subpolar northern ecosystems and climate during intervals of extreme warmth.

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Emry, Erica L., Andrew A. Nyblade, Alan Horton, Samantha E. Hansen, Jordi Julià, Richard C. Aster, Audrey D. Huerta, J. Paul Winberry, Douglas A. Wiens, and Terry J. Wilson. "Prominent thermal anomalies in the mantle transition zone beneath the Transantarctic Mountains." Geology 48, no. 7 (May 18, 2020): 748–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47346.1.

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Abstract The Transantarctic Mountains (TAMs), Antarctica, exhibit anomalous uplift and volcanism and have been associated with regions of thermally perturbed upper mantle that may or may not be connected to lower mantle processes. To determine if the anomalous upper mantle beneath the TAMs connects to the lower mantle, we interrogate the mantle transition zone (MTZ) structure under the TAMs and adjacent parts of East Antarctica using 12,500+ detections of P-to-S conversions from the 410 and 660 km discontinuities. Our results show distinct zones of thinner-than-global-average MTZ (∼205–225 km, ∼10%–18% thinner) beneath the central TAMs and southern Victoria Land, revealing throughgoing convective thermal anomalies (i.e., mantle plumes) that connect prominent upper and lower mantle low-velocity regions. This suggests that the thermally perturbed upper mantle beneath the TAMs and Ross Island may have a lower mantle origin, which could influence patterns of volcanism and TAMs uplift.

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Bakalin, Vadim A., Ksenia G. Klimova, Eugeniy A. Karpov, Daniil A. Bakalin, and Seung Se Choi. "Liverworts of the South Kamchatka Nature Park: Survival in Active Volcanism Land." Diversity 14, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14090722.

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Kamchatka, due to its position in hemiarctic northeast Asia on the migration pathways of taxa from Asia to America and vice versa, which has an insular geographical position and provides numerous pieces of evidence regarding current active volcanism, has a peculiar flora. The study of the liverwort flora of the southeastern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula (South Kamchatka Nature Park), which, until now, has been very poorly explored, showed high taxonomic richness and some specificity due to volcanic evidence. In total, 132 species have been recorded in this sector of the “Pacific Ring of Fire”. This number is quite high compared to other floras of hemiarctic Asia. The influence of volcanism on flora formation is prominent due to the regular renewal of substrates, the appearance of specific habitats (for example, thermal water outlets), the displacement of vegetation belts, and ashfalls leading to the presence of extended spaces free of vegetation cover and is an area that is open for invaders. The altitudinal zonality, despite the difference of 2000 m in elevation, is not clearly expressed in the flora of the liverworts: arctomontane species descend far down the altitudinal profile, reaching the Betula ermanii forests. The “plantless” uppermost belt in the mountains, commonly described in floristic studies of vascular plants, is not actually free of plants if liverwort occurrences are considered. A number of species normally occupy unusual habitats in the studied flora due to contemporary volcanism evidence, e.g., sulfur-rich substrates.

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Widagdo, Asmoro, Subagyo Pramumijoyo, and Agung Harijoko. "The Morphotectono-Volcanic of Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo Volcanic Rock In Western Side of Yogyakarta-Indonesia." Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.24273/jgeet.2018.3.3.1715.

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Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo have a very distinctive shape, where there are form of circular structure of volcano that is still intact and the other has not been intact. These morphologies are the morphology of the remaining volcanoes formed by tectonics and certain volcanisms. This study was conducted through a series of interpretations of volcanic body distribution, constructing a Slope Map, constructing a Slope Direction Map, constructing an alignment interpretation on satellite imagery and field mapping work. The formation of Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo morphologies are strongly influenced by tectonics and volcanic processes. The process of tectonism that produces the strike-slip fault structures, the normal faults, and the uplift have formed the lineaments of the valleys and hills with various directions patterns. The Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo volcanisms that have occurred form the structure of volcanic remains. Distribution of Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo volcanic rocks form some semicircle structures because of the normal fault structure that has occurred.

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Rychert, Catherine A., James O. S. Hammond, Nicholas Harmon, J. Michael Kendall, Derek Keir, Cynthia Ebinger, Ian D. Bastow, Atalay Ayele, Manahloh Belachew, and Graham Stuart. "Volcanism in the Afar Rift sustained by decompression melting with minimal plume influence." Nature Geoscience 5, no. 6 (April 29, 2012): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1455.

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Roggensack, K. "Explosive Basaltic Volcanism from Cerro Negro Volcano: Influence of Volatiles on Eruptive Style." Science 277, no. 5332 (September 12, 1997): 1639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5332.1639.

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Тобратов, С. А., О. С. Железнова, and А. В. Водорезов. "Natural Cyclicity of Explosive Volcanism." Вестник Рязанского государственного университета имени С.А. Есенина, no. 1(74) (April 1, 2022): 138–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2022.74.1.013.

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Рассмотрены причины, факторы и закономерности пульсаций вулканической активности (для извержений с VEI не менее 5, без учета вулканов со щелочными лавами). Установлено соответствие эксплозивных событий 1650-летним (ритмы Петтерсона — Шнитникова) и 60–70-летним циклам природной динамики, порождаемым гравитационными взаимодействиями Земли со смежными объектами Солнечной системы (Луной, Солнцем, Венерой, Юпитером). Отмечено, что максимальные по магнитуде извержения концентрируются на стыках смежных циклов; данная закономерность может иметь прогностическое значение. Обоснование вулкано-климатических взаимосвязей осуществлено с использованием теоретических разработок Н. С. Сидоренкова, устанавливающих ведущую роль в подобных процессах закона сохранения момента импульса; индикаторную роль при этом играет замедление осевого вращения Земли, с эпизодами которого синхронизируются крупные эруптивные события. Подчеркнуто, что совместная динамика вулканизма и климата существует, но объясняется не причинно-следственными, а генетическими связями. Выявлено, что максимальные проявления вулканизма соответствуют холодным и гумидным фазам климатической динамики, захватывая часть последующего потепления, а аридные фазы отличаются минимальной эруптивностью. При этом гидроклиматическим индикатором роста опасности крупных извержений может служить трансгрессивный режим Каспийского моря. Рассмотрены особенности Одинцовского межледниковья и середины теплой эпохи викингов (900–950 годы н. э.), которые, вопреки общим закономерностям, отличались повышенным вулканизмом. На примере горизонтов раннеголоценового реликтового торфяника дана характеристика совместной динамики вулканической активности и климата атлантического периода (эруптивный максимум голоцена), взаимосвязей глобального вулканизма и палеоландшафтных процессов на Русской равнине. Установлено наличие двух гумидных подфаз климатического оптимума голоцена — около 6,5–6,3 и 6,2–6,0 тысяч лет назад. На основании выявленных циклических закономерностей выдвинуто предположение о постепенном ослаблении вулканической активности в ближайшие 600 лет, но в холодные фазы 70-летних циклов и при резком снижении массы полярных ледников следует ожидать локальной активизации вулканизма (ближайший этап активизации — 2035–2045 годы). The article treats the causes, factors and patterns of volcanic activity (eruptions rated at least 5 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index, excluding alkaline volcanoes). The article underlines that volcanic eruptions occurring every 1,650 years or 60–70 years (the Petterson-Shnitnikov pattern) are triggered off by the influence of the celestial bodies of the Solar system (Moon, Sun, Venus, Jupiter). It is highlighted that most powerful eruptions occur when volcanic cycle is over and another is about to begin. This information may have prognostic significance. The connection between volcanic eruptions and climate variability is investigated on the basis of N. S. Sidorenkov’s theoretical research, which underlines the leading role of the law of conservation of angular momentum. The slowdown in the Earth’s axial rotation is an indicator synchronized with major eruptive events. The authors emphasize that the connection between volcanic eruptions and climate variability cannot be explained in the simple cause and effect terms, but are of genetic character. The authors underline that most powerful volcanic eruptions coincide with cold and humid climatic conditions, while arid conditions are associated with minimal eruptive activity. The transgression of the Caspian Sea can serve as a hydro-climatic indicator of increasing hazardous effects of powerful volcanic eruptions. The article investigates the peculiarities of the Odintsovo interglacial period and the mid-Viking Age (900–950 AD), which, contrary to general laws, were characterized by excessive volcanism. The article investigates peat relicts to analyze the connection between volcanic eruptions and climate variability in the Atlantic period (Holocene eruptive maximum), as well as to analyze the interconnection between global volcanism and paleolandscapes on the Russian Plain. The article underlines that there are two humid subphases of the Holocene climatic optimum: 6.5-6.3 and 6.2-6.0 thousand years ago. Relying on the discovered patterns, the authors assume that volcanic activity will gradually weaken during the next 600 years. However, it can be predicted that volcanic activity will increase during cold phases (70 years) accompanied by a sharp decrease in the mass of polar glaciers (the nearest phase of activation is 2035–2045).

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Bazarova, V. B., N. G. Razjigaeva, T. A. Grebennikova, L. A. Ganzey, L. M. Mokhova, A. M. Korotky, and L. D. Sulerzhitsky. "14C Dating of Late Pleistocene–Holocene Events on Kunashir Island, Kuril Islands." Radiocarbon 40, no. 2 (1997): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200018725.

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Kunashir Island is a very important site for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Until recently, very little information on Quaternary deposits was available. We studied the environmental evolution of this oceanic island under the influence of geomorphological processes, volcanism and strong marine currents. This paper presents new data that allow a detailed reconstruction of the environmental development of Kunashir Island during the Late Pleistocene–Holocene, based on ca. 80 radiocarbon dates and diatom, pollen and sedimentological data. The vegetation development reflects climate changes and warm/cold current migrations.

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Kadirov, F. A., I. S. Guliyev, A. A. Feyzullayev, R. T. Safarov, S. K. Mammadov, G. R. Babayev, and T. M. Rashidov. "GPS-based crustal deformations in Azerbaijan and their influence on seismicity and mud volcanism." Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth 50, no. 6 (November 2014): 814–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1069351314060020.

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Tandon, S. K. "Records of the influence of Deccan volcanism on contemporary sedimentary environments in Central India." Sedimentary Geology 147, no. 1-2 (March 2002): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-0738(01)00196-8.

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Dzombak, R. M., N. D. Sheldon, D. M. Mohabey, and B. Samant. "Stable climate in India during Deccan volcanism suggests limited influence on K–Pg extinction." Gondwana Research 85 (September 2020): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2020.04.007.

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O'Hora, Heidi E., Sierra V. Petersen, Johan Vellekoop, Matthew M. Jones, and Serena R. Scholz. "Clumped-isotope-derived climate trends leading up to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction in northwestern Europe." Climate of the Past 18, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 1963–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-1963-2022.

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Abstract. Paleotemperature reconstructions of the end-Cretaceous interval document local and global climate trends, some driven by greenhouse gas emissions from Deccan Traps volcanism and associated feedbacks. Here, we present a new clumped-isotope-based paleotemperature record derived from fossil bivalves from the Maastrichtian type region in southeastern Netherlands and northeastern Belgium. Clumped isotope data document a mean temperature of 20.4±3.8 ∘C, consistent with other Maastrichtian temperature estimates, and an average seawater δ18O value of 0.2±0.8 ‰ VSMOW for the region during the latest Cretaceous (67.1–66.0 Ma). A notable temperature increase at ∼66.4 Ma is interpreted to be a regional manifestation of the globally defined Late Maastrichtian Warming Event, linking Deccan Traps volcanic CO2 emissions to climate change in the Maastricht region. Fluctuating seawater δ18O values coinciding with temperature changes suggest alternating influences of warm, salty southern-sourced waters and cooler, fresher northern-sourced waters from the Arctic Ocean. This new paleotemperature record contributes to the understanding of regional and global climate response to large-scale volcanism and ocean circulation changes leading up to a catastrophic mass extinction.

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Schneider, J. "Environment, biotas and taphonomy of the Lower Permian lacustrine Niederhäslich limestone, Döhlen basin, Germany." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 84, no. 3-4 (1993): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300006258.

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ABSTRACTA laminated, partly peloidal lacustrine limestone from the Lower Permian intermontane Döhlen basin in Saxony, Germany, contains one of the most diverse late Palaeozoic tetrapod faunas in Europe associated with a marine higher algal flora of Tethyan character. The surprising co-occurrence of these organisms and the lack of fishes is explained by the special position of this basin above the Elbe lineament, the influence of strong volcanism, of differentiated salinity in the lake and of the palaeowind systems, as well as by the action of stratigraphic, palaeogeographic and palaeoecological filters.

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Fryer, Patricia, C. Geoffrey Wheat, Trevor Williams, Christopher Kelley, Kevin Johnson, Jeffrey Ryan, Walter Kurz, et al. "Mariana serpentinite mud volcanism exhumes subducted seamount materials: implications for the origin of life." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2165 (January 6, 2020): 20180425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0425.

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The subduction of seamounts and ridge features at convergent plate boundaries plays an important role in the deformation of the overriding plate and influences geochemical cycling and associated biological processes. Active serpentinization of forearc mantle and serpentinite mud volcanism on the Mariana forearc (between the trench and active volcanic arc) provides windows on subduction processes. Here, we present (1) the first observation of an extensive exposure of an undeformed Cretaceous seamount currently being subducted at the Mariana Trench inner slope; (2) vertical deformation of the forearc region related to subduction of Pacific Plate seamounts and thickened crust; (3) recovered Ocean Drilling Program and International Ocean Discovery Program cores of serpentinite mudflows that confirm exhumation of various Pacific Plate lithologies, including subducted reef limestone; (4) petrologic, geochemical and paleontological data from the cores that show that Pacific Plate seamount exhumation covers greater spatial and temporal extents; (5) the inference that microbial communities associated with serpentinite mud volcanism may also be exhumed from the subducted plate seafloor and/or seamounts; and (6) the implications for effects of these processes with regard to evolution of life. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Serpentine in the Earth system’.

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Takada, Akira. "The influence of regional stress and magmatic input on styles of monogenetic and polygenetic volcanism." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 99, B7 (July 10, 1994): 13563–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94jb00494.

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Baker, B. H. "Tectonics and volcanism of the southern Kenya Rift Valley and its influence on rift sedimentation." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 25, no. 1 (1986): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1986.025.01.05.

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Khadkikar, A. S., D. A. Sant, V. Gogte, and R. V. Karanth. "The influence of Deccan volcanism on climate: insights from lacustrine intertrappean deposits, Anjar, western India." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 147, no. 1-2 (March 1999): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(98)00156-4.

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Acocella, Valerio, and Renato Funiciello. "Transverse systems along the extensional Tyrrhenian margin of central Italy and their influence on volcanism." Tectonics 25, no. 2 (March 16, 2006): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005tc001845.

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Panter, K. S., T. I. Wilch, J. L. Smellie, P. R. Kyle, and W. C. McIntosh. "Chapter 5.4b Marie Byrd Land and Ellsworth Land: petrology." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 55, no. 1 (2021): 577–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m55-2019-50.

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AbstractIn Marie Byrd Land and Ellsworth Land 19 large polygenetic volcanoes and numerous smaller centres are exposed above the West Antarctic Ice Sheet along the northern flank of the West Antarctic Rift System. The Cenozoic (36.7 Ma to active) volcanism of the Marie Byrd Land Volcanic Group (MBLVG) encompasses the full spectrum of alkaline series compositions ranging from basalt to intermediate (e.g. mugearite, benmoreite) to phonolite, peralkaline trachyte, rhyolite and rare pantellerite. Differentiation from basalt is described by progressive fractional crystallization; however, to produce silica-oversaturated compositions two mechanisms are proposed: (1) polybaric fractionation with early-stage removal of amphibole at high pressures; and (2) assimilation–fractional crystallization to explain elevated87Sr/86Sriratios. Most basalts are silica-undersaturated and enriched in incompatible trace elements (e.g. La/YbN>10), indicating small degrees of partial melting of a garnet-bearing mantle. Mildly silica-undersaturated and rare silica-saturated basalts, including tholeiites, are less enriched (La/YbN<10), a result of higher degrees of melting. Trace elements and isotopes (Sr, Nd, Pb) reveal a regional gradient explained by mixing between two mantle components, subduction-modified lithosphere and HIMU-like plume (206Pb/204Pb >20) materials. Geophysical studies indicate a deep thermal anomaly beneath central Marie Byrd Land, suggesting a plume influence on volcanism and tectonism.

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Way, M. J., Richard E. Ernst, and Jeffrey D. Scargle. "Large-scale Volcanism and the Heat Death of Terrestrial Worlds." Planetary Science Journal 3, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac6033.

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Abstract Large-scale volcanism has played a critical role in the long-term habitability of Earth. Contrary to widely held belief, volcanism, rather than impactors, has had the greatest influence on and bears most of the responsibility for large-scale mass extinction events throughout Earth’s history. We examine the timing of large igneous provinces (LIPs) throughout Earth’s history to estimate the likelihood of nearly simultaneous events that could drive a planet into an extreme moist or runaway greenhouse, leading to the end of volatile cycling and causing the heat death of formerly temperate terrestrial worlds. In one approach, we make a conservative estimate of the rate at which sets of near-simultaneous LIPs (pairs, triplets, and quartets) occur in a random history statistically the same as Earth’s. We find that LIPs closer in time than 0.1–1 million yr are likely; significantly, this is less than the time over which terrestrial LIP environmental effects are known to persist. In another approach, we assess the cumulative effects with simulated time series consisting of randomly occurring LIP events with realistic time profiles. Both approaches support the conjecture that environmental impacts of LIPs, while narrowly avoiding grave effects on the climate history of Earth, could have been responsible for the heat death of our sister world Venus.

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Way, M. J., Richard E. Ernst, and Jeffrey D. Scargle. "Large-scale Volcanism and the Heat Death of Terrestrial Worlds." Planetary Science Journal 3, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac6033.

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Abstract Large-scale volcanism has played a critical role in the long-term habitability of Earth. Contrary to widely held belief, volcanism, rather than impactors, has had the greatest influence on and bears most of the responsibility for large-scale mass extinction events throughout Earth’s history. We examine the timing of large igneous provinces (LIPs) throughout Earth’s history to estimate the likelihood of nearly simultaneous events that could drive a planet into an extreme moist or runaway greenhouse, leading to the end of volatile cycling and causing the heat death of formerly temperate terrestrial worlds. In one approach, we make a conservative estimate of the rate at which sets of near-simultaneous LIPs (pairs, triplets, and quartets) occur in a random history statistically the same as Earth’s. We find that LIPs closer in time than 0.1–1 million yr are likely; significantly, this is less than the time over which terrestrial LIP environmental effects are known to persist. In another approach, we assess the cumulative effects with simulated time series consisting of randomly occurring LIP events with realistic time profiles. Both approaches support the conjecture that environmental impacts of LIPs, while narrowly avoiding grave effects on the climate history of Earth, could have been responsible for the heat death of our sister world Venus.

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Cahoon, Emily B., Martin J. Streck, Anthony A. P. Koppers, and Daniel P. Miggins. "Reshuffling the Columbia River Basalt chronology—Picture Gorge Basalt, the earliest- and longest-erupting formation." Geology 48, no. 4 (January 31, 2020): 348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47122.1.

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Abstract The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the world’s youngest continental flood basalt province, presumably sourced from the deep-seated plume that currently resides underneath Yellowstone National Park in the northwestern United States. The earliest-erupted basalts from this province aid in understanding and modeling plume impingement and the subsequent evolution of basaltic volcanism. We explore the Picture Gorge Basalt (PGB) formation of the CRBG, and discuss the location and geochemical significance in a temporal context of early CRBG magmatism. We report new ARGUS-VI multicollector 40Ar/39Ar incremental heating ages from known PGB localities and additional outcrops that we can geochemically classify as PGB. These 40Ar/39Ar ages range between 17.23 ± 0.04 Ma and 16.06 ± 0.14 Ma, indicating that PGB erupted earlier and for longer than other CRBG main-phase units. These ages illustrate that volcanism initiated over a broad area in the center of the province, and the geochemistry of these early lavas reflects a mantle source that is distinct both spatially and temporally. Combining ages with the strongest arc-like (but depleted) geochemical signal of PGB among CRBG units indicates that the shallowest metasomatized backarc-like mantle was tapped first and concurrently, with later units (Steens and Imnaha Basalts) showing increased influence of a plume-like source.

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PEDERNERA, TOMÁS E., ADRIANA C. MANCUSO, CECILIA A. BENAVENTE, and EDUARDO G. OTTONE. "PLANT TAPHONOMY IN A LAKE AFFECTED BY VOLCANISM (AGUA DE LA ZORRA FORMATION, UPPER TRIASSIC) MENDOZA, ARGENTINA." PALAIOS 35, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2019.104.

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ABSTRACT Volcanic eruptions have an impact on the paleoecology of plant communities and their preservation in the fossil record. The aim of this contribution is to evaluate the influence of volcanism on plant preservation in lacustrine settings via systematic sampling and chemical analyses of fossil plants in the Upper Triassic Agua de la Zorra Formation, of the Argentinian Cuyana Basin. Plant remains are not uniformly preserved throughout the Agua de la Zorra Formation and their stratigraphic distribution reflects the original spatial pattern of the plant communities. SEM-EDX analyses was used to demonstrate how volcanism affected diagenesis of the plant remains. Eight taphonomic modes were determined from biostratinomic analysis, and three preservational modes from the chemical features observed in the SEM-EDX spectra. The three preservation modes recognized by SEM-EDX analysis are more likely linked to diagenesis and are not equivalent to the taphonomic modes described based on the biostratinomic features. The Agua de la Zorra paleolake preferentially preserved plant material because of anoxic conditions in deeper parts of the lake, and a high sedimentation rate in proximal near-shore facies. The plant remains are most abundant in sandy facies deposited by high-energy flows but there is no evidence that these flows were pyroclastic nor that the plant remains were generated by volcanic trauma.

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Yulianto, Eko, Woro Sri Sukapti, and Ruly Setiawan. "Palynostratigraphy, Paleoecology and Paleoclimatology of Early Pleistocene Based on Pollen Study of Pucangan Formation in Sangiran Area." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 3 (June 26, 2019): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.20.3.133-141.

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A pollen study has been conducted on samples taken from Pucangan Formation in Sangiran area. This study aims to reconstruct palynostratigraphy and to reveal environmental dynamics along with the deposition of Pucangan Formation with an emphasis on the influence of high frequency volcanism to the vegetational landscape in the montane area. The co-occurrence of Phyllocladus hypophyllus and Podocarpus imbricatus indicates Plistocene age of samples, and their stratigraphic position overlied by Middle Pleistocene Kabuh Formation leads to a conclusion of Early Pleistocene. All samples are included in Monoporites annulatus Peak Zone and subdivided into three Peak Subzone i.e. Polypodisporites radiates, Psilotum nudum, Magnastriatites grandiosa, Cyathea sp. and Laevigatosporites sp. Concurrent Peak Subzone, Interval Subzone between two Peak Subzones i.e. Polypodisporites radiates, Psilotum nudum, Magnastriatites grandiosa, Cyathea sp., Laevigatosporites sp. Concurrent Peak Subzone and Casuarina sp. Peak Subzone. Along with the deposition of Pucangan Formation, savannah with sparse swamp, riparian and lowland forest spreaded out around particularly on lowland, while few mangrove forest grew on muddy sea-land interface environment and heterogenous montane forests occupied highland. During the deposition of stratigraphic profile, savannah got flourished on new emerged land due to regression. Frequent volcanic eruptions along with the deposition of the upper stratigraphic profile has destroyed heterogenous montane forest and led to the homogenous Casuarina junghuniana forest.Keywords: Palynology, Early Pleistocene, vegetational landscape, savannah, montane forest, regression, volcanism

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35

Yulianto, Eko, Woro Sri Sukapti, and Ruly Setiawan. "Palynostratigraphy, Paleoecology and Paleoclimatology of Early Pleistocene Based on Pollen Study of Pucangan Formation in Sangiran Area." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 3 (June 26, 2019): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v20i3.461.

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A pollen study has been conducted on samples taken from Pucangan Formation in Sangiran area. This study aims to reconstruct palynostratigraphy and to reveal environmental dynamics along with the deposition of Pucangan Formation with an emphasis on the influence of high frequency volcanism to the vegetational landscape in the montane area. The co-occurrence of Phyllocladus hypophyllus and Podocarpus imbricatus indicates Plistocene age of samples, and their stratigraphic position overlied by Middle Pleistocene Kabuh Formation leads to a conclusion of Early Pleistocene. All samples are included in Monoporites annulatus Peak Zone and subdivided into three Peak Subzone i.e. Polypodisporites radiates, Psilotum nudum, Magnastriatites grandiosa, Cyathea sp. and Laevigatosporites sp. Concurrent Peak Subzone, Interval Subzone between two Peak Subzones i.e. Polypodisporites radiates, Psilotum nudum, Magnastriatites grandiosa, Cyathea sp., Laevigatosporites sp. Concurrent Peak Subzone and Casuarina sp. Peak Subzone. Along with the deposition of Pucangan Formation, savannah with sparse swamp, riparian and lowland forest spreaded out around particularly on lowland, while few mangrove forest grew on muddy sea-land interface environment and heterogenous montane forests occupied highland. During the deposition of stratigraphic profile, savannah got flourished on new emerged land due to regression. Frequent volcanic eruptions along with the deposition of the upper stratigraphic profile has destroyed heterogenous montane forest and led to the homogenous Casuarina junghuniana forest.Keywords: Palynology, Early Pleistocene, vegetational landscape, savannah, montane forest, regression, volcanism

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KASAHARA, Junzo, Shigeru NAKAO, and Kazuki KOKETSU. "Tidal influence on the 2000 Miyake jima eruption and its implications for hydrothermal activity and volcanism." Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Ser. B: Physical and Biological Sciences 77, no. 6 (2001): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2183/pjab.77.98.

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Lambert, S., and G. Sottili. "Is There an Influence of the Pole Tide on Volcanism? Insights From Mount Etna Recent Activity." Geophysical Research Letters 46, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 13730–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019gl085525.

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Fox, Stefan, Annika Gspandl, and Franziska M. Wenng. "Acceleration of amino acid racemization by isovaline: possible implications for homochirality and biosignature search." International Journal of Astrobiology 19, no. 3 (March 9, 2020): 276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550420000014.

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AbstractIn nature, abiotically formed amino acids are usually racemic. However, this is not true for the α,α-dialkyl amino acid isovaline (Iva), which has an L-enantiomeric excess in some specimens of carbonaceous meteorites. On the early Earth and Mars, such meteorites were sources of amino acids, including Iva. Therefore, a connection may exist between the possible chiral influence of non-racemic Iva and the origin of biological homochirality. On the surface of a young terrestrial planet, amino acids can be chemically altered in many ways. For example, high temperatures from geothermal heating can lead to racemization. Four billion years ago, active volcanism and volcanic islands provided suitable conditions for such reactions and perhaps even for early microbial life on Earth. In the current study, we investigated the influence of D- and L-Iva on the thermal racemization of L-alanine (L-Ala) and L-2-aminobutyric acid (L-Abu) in a simulated hot volcanic environment. The amino acids were intercalated in the clay mineral calcium montmorillonite (SAz-1). While Iva was resistant to racemization, partial racemization was observed for Ala and Abu after 8 weeks at 150°C. The experimental results – for example, accelerated racemization in the presence of Iva and different influences of the Iva enantiomers – suggest that the amino acid molecules interacted with each other, possibly in hydrogen-bonded dimers. Accelerated racemization of amino acids could have been an obstacle to the development of homochirality. Besides, it is also detrimental to the use of homochirality as a biosignature, for example, in the search for microbial life on Mars.

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Pałgan, Dominik, Colin W. Devey, and Isobel A. Yeo. "Volcanism and hydrothermalism on a hotspot–influenced ridge: Comparing Reykjanes Peninsula and Reykjanes Ridge, Iceland." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 348 (December 2017): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.10.017.

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Harrington, J. B. "Climatic change: a review of causes." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 11 (November 1, 1987): 1313–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-206.

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The earth's climate is constantly changing. Climatic change is effected by many factors: the influence of continental drift, variations in solar intensity, volcanism, the impact of meteors and comets, changes in the earth's orbital parameters, ice accumulation and depletion, variations in oceanic circulations and chemistry, changes in terrestrial and aquatic life, and changes in atmospheric composition and circulation. Despite these influences, many of them large, and despite changes in the sun's radiant intensity over the past 4.5 billion years, the average temperature of the earth's surface has remained remarkably constant, hovering near 15 °C. This implies the presence of strong negative feedbacks reacting to any major environmental change. During the past century, man's influence on his environment has been increasing at an unprecedented rate. Under this influence, and particularly because of the effect of the so-called "greenhouse gases," the global mean temperature is expected to rise approximately 2.5 °C by the middle of the 21st century. There remains a degree of uncertainty in this prediction because of unresolved problems in estimating various positive and negative feedback mechanisms in air, earth, ocean, ice, and vegetation interaction and in the unknown magnitude of volcanic activity. The finest numerical models and the fastest computers are, at present, inadequate to resolve all of the problems. However, the best scientific evidence points to a return by the middle of the 21st century to a climate similar to that of the climatic optimum 5000–6000 years ago. The degree of confidence in the direction, speed, and magnitude of the impending climatic change is sufficient that affected agencies should be actively mapping strategies to respond most advantageously to the expected changes. This is particularly true of forestry in Canada where climatic changes are expected to be large and the lifetime of current plantings will extend well into the period of anticipated change.

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Lanza, Tiziana. "Using geosciences and mythology to locate Prospero's island." Geoscience Communication 4, no. 1 (March 17, 2021): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gc-4-111-2021.

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Abstract. The Tempest, the last work entirely attributed to William Shakespeare, has been subject to many studies and interpretations, ranging from adventure and Shakespeare's biography to colonialism and the cultural revolution, and is studied in this paper in the context of naturally occurring hazards. The play tells the story of a magician, Prospero, and his daughter who are shipwrecked on an unknown island where they encounter strange creatures and beings. But is it a fantastic island or was the author inspired by real places? Literary scholars proposed several hypotheses through the years, based on historical sources. Here, we analyse the play in the light of geosciences and mythology supporting the hypothesis that the playwright was inspired by the Mediterranean. Our goal is not to identify the island but rather to examine the various geographical and philosophical–political factors that may have influenced Shakespeare's literary creation. Nevertheless, some verses in the play suggest volcanism, placing the island in the Sicilian sea. This underlines once again how deep the playwright's knowledge of Italy was. It also suggests that this part of the Mediterranean was known, at the time of Shakespeare, as the theatre of phenomena originated in the volcanism of the area. One implication is that he could have used historical sources, still unknown and precious, to reconstruct geological events that occurred off the Sicilian coast.

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Eberth, David A., and Dennis R. Braman. "A revised stratigraphy and depositional history for the Horseshoe Canyon Formation (Upper Cretaceous), southern Alberta plains." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 49, no. 9 (September 2012): 1053–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e2012-035.

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The Upper Cretaceous paralic to nonmarine Horseshoe Canyon Formation (HCFm) of southern Alberta is divided into seven mappable members: Strathmore, Drumheller, Horsethief, Morrin, Tolman, Carbon, and Whitemud (bottom to top). This subdivision, based on combined outcrop and subsurface analyses, reflects lithostratigraphic variations related to changes in sea level (previously recognized) and newly documented changes in climate, volcanism, and orogenesis in an evolving foreland basin. Million-year-scale cycles of orogenesis resulted in changes in sediment supply and rates of subsidence in the basin and are interpreted in the context of a simple, two-phase foreland-basin sequence stratigraphic model: (i) overthrust loading resulting in reduced rates of sediment supply and subsidence in the most distal portions of the Alberta foredeep (our field area); (ii) tectonic quiescence leading to increased rates of sediment supply and subsidence during proximal-foredeep rebound. During the first ∼2.5 Ma of its history (Strathmore and Drumheller members), the HCFm was tectonically and climatically “stable”, and depositional style and stratigraphic architecture were influenced by vertical aggradation and modest progradation of shorelines. During the remaining ∼4.5 Ma (Horsethief, Morrin, Tolman, Carbon, and Whitemud members), there were more complex and frequent changes in climate, volcanism, orogenesis, landscape weathering, and soil formation. Understanding this previously unrecognized complexity is critical for correctly assessing hydrocarbon resource distributions and biostratigraphic and taphonomic patterns.

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González-Medrano, Francisco. "Algunos aspectos de la evolución de la vegetación de México." Botanical Sciences, no. 58 (April 27, 2017): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1493.

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Various factors have influenced the characteristics of vegetation over Mexico such as: geographical position, orography, volcanism, emersions and immersions, climatic fluctuations during the Tertiary, glaciations as well as various migrations that have taken place at various times in various directions. Another aspect that has contributed to the diversity in flora and vegetation in Mexico is the development of an endemic element in flora and even in vegetation. This is important specially to xerophitic and temperate forest. All of this results in a complex phytogeographic analysis of flora due to the co-existence, in some communities, of plants with various origins, ages and evolutive histories.

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Имамвердиев, Назим Аждар, and Nazim Ajdar Imamverdiyev. "INFLUENCE OF THE ANCIENT SUBDUCTION PROCESS ON THE ORICINE OF LATE COLLISION VOLCANISM IN THE LESSER CAUCASUS." Proceedings of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 5 (September 27, 2022): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17076/geo1653.

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Rummel, Lisa, Alexander Bartels, and Franz May. "Using a multi-criteria approach for a regional differentiation of the likelihood of future volcanic activity in Germany." Safety of Nuclear Waste Disposal 2 (September 6, 2023): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-143-2023.

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Abstract. Future volcanic activity, which might influence the long-term stability of radioactive waste repositories, must be evaluated critically. In Germany, according to the Repository Site Selection Act (StandAG), areas in which Quaternary volcanism is either present or future volcanic activity is expected within the next 1 Ma must be excluded from the site selection process for a high-level radioactive waste repository. However, while regions with Quaternary volcanism are reasonably well known in Germany, forecasting volcanic activity in intraplate fields is difficult, as many processes and their interaction control the spatial distribution of the volcanic centres. To develop an appropriate method to forecast possible regions of volcanic activity, a semi-quantitative, multi-criteria approach is used that combines a variety of indicators including, amongst others, seismic anomalies in the mantle, gravity data, tectonic activity, sutures, ground motion, earthquakes, mantle degassing centres and the geochronological data of volcanic rocks. The used indicators provide possible information about the source of melting in the mantle, the ascent of melt through the lithosphere and the eruption process at the surface. In total, 30 indicators were defined and ranked according to their presumed relevance for the long-term prediction of volcanism, following the results of two expert surveys. Quantifiable parameters were selected for the individual indicators, and threshold values were assigned and related to levels of significance. The parameters were uniformly applied for Germany in order to enable a transparent and equal risk assessment of future volcanic activity in all of the federal states. To consider the uncertainties regarding the distribution and manifestation of parameters in addition to their mostly unknown underlying large-scale processes, buffer zones were defined in which the values of relevance decrease with increasing distance from the initial parameter extent. By combining all parameters into an overall index, the presented results allow the regional differentiation of the likelihood of future volcanic eruptions in Germany. The robustness of the results is shown by varying the weights of the used parameters in the Germany-wide risk map. Different categories for the probability of future volcanic activity can be defined and used, depending on the needs and assessment of the volcanic hazard potential.

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Peslier, Anne H., and Maria Cristina De Sanctis. "Water in Differentiated Planets, the Moon, and Asteroids." Elements 18, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.18.3.167.

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The distribution of water in differentiated Solar System bodies depends on many factors including size, distance from the Sun, and how they incorporated water. Most of this water is likely locked as hydrogen in mantle minerals and could amount to several Earth oceans worth in mass for the largest planets. An essential compound for the development of life, water also has a tremendous influence on planetary evolution and volcanism. Only Earth has an active exchange of water between surface and mantle. Surface water on other differentiated bodies mostly results from degassing by volcanoes whose mantle sources are inherited from magma ocean processes early in their history. Airless bodies also acquire surface water by impacts, spallation, and from the solar wind.

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Lowe, Alexander J., Christopher K. West, and David R. Greenwood. "Volcaniclastic lithostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the lower Eocene McAbee fossil beds, Kamloops Group, British Columbia, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 55, no. 8 (August 2018): 923–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2018-0019.

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The lower Eocene McAbee fossil beds (∼53 Ma), in south-central British Columbia, Canada, represent a lacustrine sequence deposited during a time of pervasive regional volcanism. Previous studies on fossil assemblages at the McAbee fossil beds consist of amalgamated collections of plants from several disjunct and stratigraphically unconstrained exposures and horizons, with limited knowledge of the spatio-temporal variation in depositional and taphonomic setting. This study presents a high-resolution lithostratigraphic analysis of the McAbee main site to provide stratigraphic, paleoenvironmental, and taphonomic context to fossil collections. A lithostratigraphic framework was developed for the McAbee main site by correlating tuff marker beds. The sequence was divided into eight lithostratigraphic units on the basis of systematic lithologic trends, a result of varying degrees of volcanic influences. An absence of shallow water indicators, bioturbation, and evidence for fluvio–deltaic influence, and the nonrestricted presence of highly abundant and diverse well-preserved plant fossils indicates a deep water, yet relatively near shore facies, suggesting steep sided lake margins. This taphonomic regime imparts minimal transport- and degradation-induced biases in fossil plant assemblages and suggests plant fossils represent local vegetation growing near the point of deposition. The new lithostratigraphic framework coupled with a refined understanding of depositional setting and taphonomic regime demonstrates the opportunity to document conditions of forest ecology within a dynamic volcanic environment over millennial and multi-millennial time scales.

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Wiyono, Joko, and Sunarto . "Regional Resource Management Based on Landscape Ecology in Northern Muria Peninsula, Central Java." Indonesian Journal of Geography 48, no. 1 (August 2, 2016): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.12467.

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Landscape ecology can be used to identify potential resources based on it physical, biological and socio-cultural characteristics. This research was conducted in the northern part of the Muria Peninsula. This study uses observation and sampling based on toposequences transects. The northern Muria Peninsula is a complex area. Landscape in this region is strongly influenced by volcanism in the past of Muria Volcano and Genuk Volcano also geomorphological processes such as fluvial and marine. Potential resources in the northern part of the Muria Peninsula such as potential for marine, mining, agriculture, farming, and tourism. Muria Peninsula regional management should be adapted to the potential and function of each area, so that will not cause environmental degradation.

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Beaugrand, G., R. Faillettaz, and RR Kirby. "Absence of an internal multidecadal oscillation in the North Atlantic has consequences for anticipating the future of marine ecosystems." Climate Research 85 (November 18, 2021): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr01676.

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The North Atlantic marine ecosystem has been expected to adjust imminently to a negative phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Recent results suggest, however, that the AMO is not a regular internal source of variability, but has been driven by both volcanism and sulphate aerosol emissions that have influenced temperature negatively, and a period of greenhouse gas accumulation causing temperatures to be higher than normal. The demise of the AMO removes the expected and imminent cyclical change from the current warm phase to a negative cool phase in the North Atlantic. Here, we discuss the implications of this new finding for the near-future of North Atlantic marine ecosystems in a context of rapid climate warming.

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Pavlov, Boris Alekseevich. "Map of the soil cover of the Olsky section of the Magadan Nature Reserve (Koni Peninsula)." Арктика и Антарктика, no. 1 (January 2024): 62–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-8922.2024.1.70287.

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Abstract:

The object of the study was the unexplored soil cover of the Olsky section of the Magadan Nature Reserve. For this purpose, a route survey was conducted of 12 of the most characteristic tracts of the site available for hiking. The research methods generally accepted in Russian soil science were used. 11 soil subtypes were identified for the first time within the boundaries of the site, among which the most common are soils of the alphegumus and humus–accumulative departments, developing on granitoid derivatives overlain from above by an Aeolian cover of volcanic ash with a thickness of up to 0.25 m. A soil map has been compiled on which 9 contours of soil cover structures are outlined, among which the most widely represented combinations of ochreous podburs with sod-podburs illuvial-ferruginous ochreous, dry peat-ochreous podzols with ochreous podzols and dry peat-lithozems humus-peat, as well as ochreous gleevate podzols. 11 soil subtypes were identified for the first time within the boundaries of the site, among which the most common are soils of the alphegumus and humus–accumulative departments developing on granitoid derivatives overlain from above by an Aeolian cover of volcanic ash with a thickness of up to 0.25 m.A soil map has been compiled on which 9 contours of soil cover structures are outlined, among which the most widely represented combinations of ochreous podburs with sod-podburs illuvial-ferruginous ochreous, dry peat-ochreous podzols with ochreous podzols and dry peat-lithozems humus-peat, as well as ochreous gleevate podzols. The conclusion is made about the overwhelming influence of Kamchatka volcanism on soil formation and soil cover of the research area. The obtained results can be used for environmental purposes to replenish information about the environmental components of one of the poorly studied sites of specially protected natural territories of the North of the Far East, as well as in domestic soil science to clarify the genetic features of the influence of Kamchatka volcanism on the land cover of the vast oceanic region of the Pacific Ocean.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Volcanisme – Influence'

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