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Academic literature on the topic 'Volatile compounds'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Volatile compounds"

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Lee Díaz, Ana Shein, Muhammad Syamsu Rizaludin, Hans Zweers, Jos M. Raaijmakers, and Paolina Garbeva. "Exploring the Volatiles Released from Roots of Wild and Domesticated Tomato Plants under Insect Attack." Molecules 27, no. 5 (February 28, 2022): 1612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051612.

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Plants produce volatile organic compounds that are important in communication and defense. While studies have largely focused on volatiles emitted from aboveground plant parts upon exposure to biotic or abiotic stresses, volatile emissions from roots upon aboveground stress are less studied. Here, we investigated if tomato plants under insect herbivore attack exhibited a different root volatilome than non-stressed plants, and whether this was influenced by the plant’s genetic background. To this end, we analyzed one domesticated and one wild tomato species, i.e., Solanum lycopersicum cv Moneymaker and Solanum pimpinellifolium, respectively, exposed to leaf herbivory by the insect Spodoptera exigua. Root volatiles were trapped with two sorbent materials, HiSorb and PDMS, at 24 h after exposure to insect stress. Our results revealed that differences in root volatilome were species-, stress-, and material-dependent. Upon leaf herbivory, the domesticated and wild tomato species showed different root volatile profiles. The wild species presented the largest change in root volatile compounds with an overall reduction in monoterpene emission under stress. Similarly, the domesticated species presented a slight reduction in monoterpene emission and an increased production of fatty-acid-derived volatiles under stress. Volatile profiles differed between the two sorbent materials, and both were required to obtain a more comprehensive characterization of the root volatilome. Collectively, these results provide a strong basis to further unravel the impact of herbivory stress on systemic volatile emissions.
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Gu, Inah, Luke Howard, and Sun-Ok Lee. "Volatiles in Berries: Biosynthesis, Composition, Bioavailability, and Health Benefits." Applied Sciences 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2022): 10238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010238.

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Volatile compounds in fruits are responsible for their aroma. Among fruits, berries contain many volatile compounds, mainly esters, alcohols, terpenoids, aldehydes, ketones, and lactones. Studies for volatile compounds in berries have increased extensively as the consumption of berry products rapidly increased. In this paper, we reviewed biosynthesis and profiles of volatiles in some berries (strawberry, blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, and cranberry) and their bioavailability and health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects in vitro and in vivo. Each berry had different major volatiles, but monoterpene had an important role in all berries as aroma-active components. Volatile compounds were nonpolar and hydrophobic and rapidly absorbed and eliminated from our body after administration. Among them, monoterpenes, including linalool, limonene, and geraniol, showed many health benefits against inflammation, cancer, obesity, and diabetes in vitro and in vivo. More research on the health benefits of volatile compounds from berries and their bioavailability would be needed to confirm the bioactivities of berry volatiles.
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Sharifi, Rouhallah, Je-Seung Jeon, and Choong-Min Ryu. "Belowground plant–microbe communications via volatile compounds." Journal of Experimental Botany 73, no. 2 (November 2, 2021): 463–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab465.

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Abstract Volatile compounds play important roles in rhizosphere biological communications and interactions. The emission of plant and microbial volatiles is a dynamic phenomenon that is affected by several endogenous and exogenous signals. Diffusion of volatiles can be limited by their adsorption, degradation, and dissolution under specific environmental conditions. Therefore, rhizosphere volatiles need to be investigated on a micro and spatiotemporal scale. Plant and microbial volatiles can expand and specialize the rhizobacterial niche not only by improving the root system architecture such that it serves as a nutrient-rich shelter, but also by inhibiting or promoting the growth, chemotaxis, survival, and robustness of neighboring organisms. Root volatiles play an important role in engineering the belowground microbiome by shaping the microbial community structure and recruiting beneficial microbes. Microbial volatiles are appropriate candidates for improving plant growth and health during environmental challenges and climate change. However, some technical and experimental challenges limit the non-destructive monitoring of volatile emissions in the rhizosphere in real-time. In this review, we attempt to clarify the volatile-mediated intra- and inter-kingdom communications in the rhizosphere, and propose improvements in experimental design for future research.
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Smolinska, Urszula, G. R. Knudsen, M. J. Morra, and V. Borek. "Inhibition of Aphanomyces euteiches f. sp. pisi by Volatiles Produced by Hydrolysis of Brassica napus Seed Meal." Plant Disease 81, no. 3 (March 1997): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.3.288.

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Seed meal from Brassica napus (rapeseed) produced volatile fungitoxic compounds potentially of value in the control of Aphanomyces root rot of pea. Hyphal growth, germination of encysted zoospores, and oospore survival and inoculum potential, were determined in the presence of volatiles produced from B. napus seed meal. Volatile compounds from B. napus meal completely suppressed mycelial growth and germination of encysted zoospores on agar. In growth chamber bioassays, pea (Pisum sativum) seed inoculated with zoospore suspensions and incubated 24 h in the presence of volatiles from rapeseed meal had 50% lower root rot disease severity than in the absence of meal. Volatile compounds passing through soil also significantly decreased survival and inoculum potential of oospores. Gas chromatographic analysis of rapeseed tissues and the volatile compounds evolved from tissues showed that substrate glucosinolates were hydrolyzed enzymatically to produce mainly isothiocyanates. Non-autoclaved rapeseed meal produced significantly higher levels of volatile compounds than did autoclaved meal. Also, volatile compounds produced from autoclaved meal were dominated by nitriles, whereas isothiocyanates were more common volatile products from non-autoclaved meal. Our results indicate that B. napus allelochemicals responsible for toxic effects toward A. euteiches f. sp. pisi are enzymatic hydrolysis products of glucosinolates.
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Poldy, Jacqueline. "Volatile Cues Influence Host-Choice in Arthropod Pests." Animals 10, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 1984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10111984.

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Many arthropod pests of humans and other animals select their preferred hosts by recognising volatile odour compounds contained in the hosts’ ‘volatilome’. Although there is prolific literature on chemical emissions from humans, published data on volatiles and vector attraction in other species are more sporadic. Despite several decades since the identification of a small number of critical volatiles underpinning specific host–vector relationships, synthetic chemicals or mixtures still largely fail to reproduce the attractiveness of natural hosts to their disease vectors. This review documents allelochemicals from non-human terrestrial animals and considers where challenges in collection and analysis have left shortfalls in animal volatilome research. A total of 1287 volatile organic compounds were identified from 141 species. Despite comparable diversity of entities in each compound class, no specific chemical is ubiquitous in all species reviewed, and over half are reported as unique to a single species. This review provides a rationale for future enquiries by highlighting research gaps, such as disregard for the contribution of breath volatiles to the whole animal volatilome and evaluating the role of allomones as vector deterrents. New opportunities to improve vector surveillance and disrupt disease transmission may be unveiled by understanding the host-associated stimuli that drive vector-host interactions.
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SHIVASHANKAR, S., TK ROY, and PN KRISHNAMOORTHY. "Solid phase micro extraction and GC-MS analysis of headspace volatiles of seed and cake of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre." Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences 36, no. 2014 (July 1, 2014): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.62029/jmaps.v36i1.shivashankar.

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The composition of seed and cake volatiles of Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre extracted by solid phase micro extraction was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. A total of 84 and 81 volatile compounds were identified from the headspace samples of seed and cake, respectively. The volatiles belonged to ten major groups of compounds comprising hydrocarbons (aliphatic and aromatic), terpenoids, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes and ketones, acids, esters, oxo compounds, sulphur compounds and nitrogen compounds. The most abundant individual compound present in the volatile fraction of both seed and cake was 2-chloroacetophenone (19.58% and 19.47%, respectively). Significant differences in the proportion of sulphur compounds, phenols and nitrogenous compounds between seed and cake were observed while there were little differences in others. The study found several compounds in the volatile fractions of both seed and cake reported to have an adverse effect on pests and pathogens of crops. This finding provides the first experimental evidence for the use of Pongamia volatiles as a bio-pesticide for crop protection.
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Chen, Wen Xue, Hai Gang Dou, Chang Ge, and Cong Fa Li. "Comparison of Volatile Compounds in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) by Simultaneous Distillation Extraction (SDE) and GC-MS." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 2643–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.2643.

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In this study, the volatile compounds of pepper (Piper Nigrum L.) were extracted and analyzed by simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The differences in volatile compounds were observed by GC-MS data sets. Results showed vinyl compounds were the most dominant volatiles in pepper by simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and GC-MS, and 22 volatile compounds in the white pepper and black pepper were the same.
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Riu, Myoungjoo, Jin-Soo Son, Sang-Keun Oh, and Choong-Min Ryu. "Aromatic Agriculture: Volatile Compound-Based Plant Disease Diagnosis and Crop Protection." Research in Plant Disease 28, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2022.28.1.1.

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Volatiles exist ubiquitously in nature. Volatile compounds produced by plants and microorganisms confer inter-kingdom and intra-kingdom communications. Autoinducer signaling molecules from contact-based chemical communication, such as bacterial quorum sensing, are relayed through short distances. By contrast, biogenic volatiles derived from plant-microbe interactions generate long-distance (>20 cm) alarm signals for sensing harmful microorganisms. In this review, we discuss prior work on volatile compound-mediated diagnosis of plant diseases, and the use of volatile packaging and dispensing approaches for the biological control of fungi, bacteria, and viruses. In this regard, recent developments on technologies to analyze and detect microbial volatile compounds are introduced. Furthermore, we survey the chemical encapsulation, slow-release, and bio-nano techniques for volatile formulation and delivery that are expected to overcome limitations in the application of biogenic volatiles to modern agriculture. Collectively, technological advances in volatile compound detection, packaging, and delivery provide great potential for the implementation of ecologically-sound plant disease management strategies. We hope that this review will help farmers and young scientists understand the nature of microbial volatile compounds, and shift paradigms on disease diagnosis and management to aromatic (volatile-based) agriculture.
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Zhang, Li, Si Mi, Ruo-bing Liu, Ya-xin Sang, and Xiang-hong Wang. "Evaluation of Volatile Compounds during the Fermentation Process of Yogurts by Streptococcus thermophilus Based on Odor Activity Value and Heat Map Analysis." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2020 (July 13, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3242854.

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The volatile composition of yogurt produced by Streptococcus thermophilus fermentation at different time points was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with simultaneous distillation and extraction. A total of 53 volatile compounds including 11 aldehydes, 10 ketones, 8 acids, 7 benzene derivatives, 13 hydrocarbons, and 4 other compounds were identified in all of the samples. Ketones and hydrocarbons were the predominant volatile components in the early stage, whereas acids were the predominant volatiles in the late stage. The importance of each volatile was evaluated based on odor, threshold, and odor activity values (OAVs). Twenty-nine volatiles were found to be odor-active compounds (OAV > 1), among which (E, E)-2,4-decadienal had the highest OAV (14623–22278). Other aldehydes and ketones such as octanal, dodecanal, 2-nonen-4-one, and 2-undecanone also showed high odor intensity during fermentation. Heat map analysis was employed to evaluate the differences during fermentation. The results demonstrated that the volatile profile based on the content and OAVs of volatile compounds enables the good differentiation of yogurt during fermentation.
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Chinnasamy, G. P., S. Sundareswaran, K. S. Subramaniyan, K. Raja, P. R. Renganayaki, and S. Marimuthu. "Volatile organic compound analysis as advanced technology to detect seed quality in groundnut." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 14, no. 3 (September 16, 2022): 885–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v14i3.3617.

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An experiment was conducted to profiling the volatile organic compounds emitted from groundnut seeds during storage and also to assess the volatiles emission level during seed deterioration. Volatile organic compounds profiling of stored groundnut seeds was done through GC-MS at monthly intervals. The results showed that several volatile compounds were released from stored groundnut seeds and all the compounds are falling into eight major groups viz., alcohols, aldehydes, acids, esters, alkanes, alkenes, ketones and ethers. The study clearly demonstrated the influence of volatile organic compounds emission level on physiological and biochemical properties during storage. There was a significant decrease in physiological and biochemical quality attributes noted due to an increase in the strength of volatiles released during ageing. When the release of total volatile strength reached more than 50%, a significant reduction in physiological attributes such as germination, root and shoot length, dry matter production and vigour index were observed. With respect to biochemical properties, a significant increase in electrical conductivity of seed leachate, lipid peroxidation and lipoxygenase activity, and a decrease in dehydrogenase, catalase and peroxidase activities were observed. However, the highest reduction in all these properties was recorded when the total volatile strength reached 92.72%. The study concluded that the volatiles released during seed deterioration could be considered the signature components for detecting the seed quality during storage.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Volatile compounds"

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Wu, Shimin. "Volatile compounds generated by basidiomycetes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979488346.

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Ntainjua, Ndifor Edwin. "Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54585/.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important class of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which pose enormous health and environmental threats. This thesis investigates different catalyst formulations for the complete oxidation of naphthalene (Np). a model PAH. Low loadings of vanadium added during the impregnation step of catalyst preparation were found to enhance the naphthalene oxidation activity of Pd-alumina and Pt- alumina catalysts while higher loadings were detrimental to the catalysts' performance. The promotional effect has been attributed to the presence of a low concentration of a particular type of vanadium species which fosters the redox behaviour of the binary system (Pd/V or Pt/V) coupled with the change in the active metal (Pd or Pt) particle size (Pd or Pt dispersion). The presence of high concentrations of crystalline V2O5 species has been suggested to account for the lower activity observed for Pd/V and Pt/V catalysts with vanadium loadings in the range of 6 - 12% and 1 - 12 % respectively. It is postulated that the mechanism of naphthalene oxidation over Pd/V differs from the mechanism of oxidation over Pt/V catalysts. The nature of support material was established to be crucial for the activity of Pt- supported catalysts for naphthalene oxidation. The Pt dispersion, metal-support interaction (MSI) and oxidation state of Pt varied as a function of the nature of support and hence resulted in differences in the Np oxidation efficiency of five Pt- supported catalysts with equal Pt loading but different supports. Low Pt dispersion (high Pt particle size), weak MSI and metallic state of Pt favoured Np oxidation. Si02 proved to be the best amongst five Pt supports investigated for Np oxidation. A variation in the preparation method and preparation conditions of ceria affected the surface area, crystallite size, oxygen defect concentration, morphology and surface reducibility of the ceria catalyst and hence the Np oxidation activity. High surface area, small crystallite size, and high oxygen defect concentration of Ce02 favoured the activity of the catalyst for Np oxidation. The best preparation methods in this study were found to be homogeneous precipitation with urea (UR) and precipitation with the carbonate (CR). Optimum preparation conditions for ceria (UR) were established and a highly active nano-crystalline ceria catalyst for Np oxidation was derived. The addition of low and high loadings of Pt during the precipitation of this ceria (UR) catalyst resulted in less active naphthalene oxidation catalysts. The drop in activity of ceria with Pt doping has been attributed to a strong metal support interaction between Pt and ceria which limits the ease at which lattice oxygen is consumed in the Mars-Van krevelen redox cycle.
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Persson, Sten. "Volatile sulfur compounds in periodontal pockets." Umeå, Sweden : University of Umeå, Dept. of Oral Microbiology, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/35846617.html.

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Ojala, S. (Satu). "Catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds and malodorous organic compounds." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2005. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514278704.

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Abstract This thesis describes efforts made on the development of an existing catalytic incinerator. The development work, called process characterization, consists of four general parts. These are the development of measurement methodology, the studying of construction materials, the selection of suitable catalysts and the testing of the effects of process operation conditions. The two application areas for catalytic incineration considered in this thesis are solvent emission abatement (VOC, volatile organic compounds) and chip bin emission abatement (SVOC, sulphur-containing volatile organic compounds). As a baseline, the process characterization is started with the development of measurement methodology. In general, the methodology will decrease costs and simplify the carrying out of the actual measurements and thereby make the measurement time more effective. In the methodology it is proposed that continuous total concentration measurement should be used in connection with qualitative sampling to obtain reliable measurement data. The selection of suitable construction materials for the application is very important. As shown in this thesis, the end conversions in solvent emission abatement may even be improved through the selection of the proper construction materials. In chip bin emission abatement, the problem arises from corrosive oxidation products that set limits on the construction materials used as well as on oxidation conditions. Catalyst selection is based on the following catalytic properties: activity, selectivity and durability. These catalytic properties are studied either at the laboratory or on an industrial scale. The catalytic materials tested are Pt, Pd, Pt-Pd, Cu-Mn oxides, MnO2-MgO, CuxMg(1-x)Cr2O4 and CuxCr2O4. The most important selection criteria in solvent emission abatement are proposed to be activity and selectivity. In the case of chip bin-SVOC-abatement, these are selectivity and durability. Based on these criteria, catalysts containing Cu-Mn oxides and Pt were demonstrated to be the best catalysts in VOC oxidation, and catalyst containing MnO2-MgO was shown to be best catalyst in SVOC oxidation. A study on the effect of process operation parameters (temperature, concentration and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV)) and moisture was carried out with the aid of factorial design. In VOC (n-butyl acetate) oxidation, the most influential process parameter was GHSV, which decreased the end conversion when it was increased. In SVOC (DMDS) oxidation, the effect of temperature was most significant. The end conversions increased as the temperature increased. Moisture slightly decreased the formation of by-products in n-butyl acetate oxidation. In DMDS oxidation, moisture slightly increased the end conversions at a lower temperature level (300°C). At the end of the thesis, these process parameters are also discussed from the standpoint of the catalysts' activity, selectivity and durability. Finally, proposals for process improvements are suggested.
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Granström, Karin. "Emissions of volatile organic compounds from wood." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, fysik och matematik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2327.

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The central aim of this thesis is to support the efforts to counteract certain environmental problems caused by emissions of volatile organic compounds. The purpose of this work was (1) to develop a method to establish the amount of emitted substances from dryers, (2) to determine the effect of drying medium temperature and end moisture content of the processed material on emissions of monoterpenes and other hydrocarbons, (3) to examine the emissions of monoterpenes during production of pellets, and (4) to examine the natural emissions from forests with an eye to implications for modelling. The measurement method (1) resolves the difficulties caused by diffuse emissions, and also solves the problems associated with high moisture content of the drying medium. The basic idea is to use water vapour to determine the exhaust flow, while a dry ice trap is used both to preconcentrate emitted volatile organic compounds and to determine the moisture content of the drying medium. The method as used in this paper has an uncertainty of 13% using a 95% confidence interval. Emissions from a spouted bed (2) in continuous operation drying Norway spruce sawdust at temperatures of 140°C, 170°C or 200°C was analysed with FID and GC-MS. When the sawdust end moisture content was reduced below 10%wb, emissions of terpenes and volatile organic compounds per oven dry weight increased rapidly. Increased temperature of the drying medium increased the amounts of emitted monoterpenes when sawdust moisture content was below the fibre saturation point. Examination of sawdust and wood pellets from different pellets producers (3) revealed that most of the terpene emissions happened during the drying step, with rotary dryers causing higher emissions than steam dryers. Almost all of the volatile terpenes remaining in wood after drying were released during pelleting. When sawdust with higher moisture content was used in the pellets press, the terpene emissions were increased. Terpenes emitted naturally from vegetation can have an adverse environmental impact. Factors affecting terpene emissions from tree species in Sweden were reviewed (4). Models for prediction of terpene fluxes should include not only temperature but also light intensity, seasonal variation, and a base level of herbivory and insect predation. Prediction of high concentrations of ambient terpenes demand sufficient resolution to capture emission peaks e.g. those caused by bud break.
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Itthisoponkul, Teerarat. "Encapsulation of volatile compounds in tapioca starch." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503930.

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Herrick, Andrew Philip John. "The determination of biogenic volatile sulphur compounds." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336934.

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Grira, Asma. "Atmospheric degradation of oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021REN1S017.

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Les composés organiques volatils oxygénés (COVO), principalement émis par des sources biogènes, jouent un rôle majeur dans la chimie de l'atmosphère, le changement climatique, l'environnement et la santé. Il a été récemment démontré que ces émissions augmentent en cas de stress biotique et/ou abiotique. Les COVO biogéniques peuvent subir une variété de réactions, tant chimiques que photolytiques, et ils sont impliqués dans la formation d'Aérosols Organiques Secondaires (AOS). Ces composés ont été détectés dans diverses régions, mais il y a très peu d’informations sur leurs processus de dégradation sous conditions troposphériques. La compréhension des mécanismes d'oxydation de ces espèces est d'un intérêt fondamental et fournit des données cruciales pour les modèles atmosphériques qui sont utilisés par les responsables politiques pour formuler et décider des stratégies d'amélioration de la qualité de l'air. Cette thèse vise à améliorer les connaissances actuelles sur le comportement de ces COVO, pour une meilleure compréhension de leur impact sur la chimie atmosphérique. Dans ce travail, nous avons présenté une étude détaillée de la dégradation atmosphérique des aldéhydes insaturés en C5-C7 et des alcools insaturés en C5-C8 par ozone, l’atome Cl et le radical OH. Les principaux objectifs étaient de mieux comprendre le mécanisme de réaction et de mettre en évidence leur potentiel à former des AOS. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, nous nous sommes concentrés sur quatres volets : (i) détermination du spectre IR et UV des aldéhydes insaturés en C5-C7, (ii) détermination de la constante de vitesse pour les systèmes COVO + Oxydant étudiés à température ambiante, (iii) identification et quantification des produits en phase gazeuse, (iv) détermination des rendements en AOS. Les études sur les produits ont été menées avec et sans ajout d'un piégeur des radicaux OH. Les expériences ont été réalisées dans huit réacteurs différents, statiques (chambres) ou dynamiques (flux), et diverses techniques analytiques ont été utilisées pour étudier les produits de réaction (FTIR, GC-FID/MS, SPME-GC/MS, HPLC, PTR-ToF-MS, SIFT-MS, PLP-LIF) et la formation de SOA (SMPS, FMPS)
Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds (OVOCs), mainly released from biogenic sources, play a major role in atmospheric chemistry, climate change, environment, and health. These emissions have been recently shown to increase in the case of biotic and/or abiotic stresses. Biogenic OVOCs may undergo a wide variety of reactions, both chemical and photolytic, and they contribute in the formation of Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOAs). These compounds have been detected in various areas, but little is known about their degradation processes under tropospheric conditions. Understanding the oxidation mechanisms of these species is of fundamental interest and yields crucial data for atmospheric models used by policymakers in formulating and deciding strategies for improving air quality. This dissertation aims to improve the current knowledge of those OVOCs behaviors to better understand their impact on atmospheric chemistry. This work reports a detailed study of the atmospheric degradation of C5-C7 unsaturated aldehydes and C5-C8 unsaturated alcohols by ozone, Cl atom, and OH radical. The main objectives were to better understand the reaction mechanism and to feature the SOA formation potential. To achieve these objectives, we focused on four topics: (i) determination of IR and UV spectrum of C5-C7 unsaturated aldehydes, (ii) determination of the rate constant for the studied OVOCs + Oxidant at room temperature, (iii) identification and quantification of the gas-phase products, (iv) determination of the SOA yields. The product studies were investigated both with and without adding an OH radical scavenger. Experiments were performed in eight different static (chambers) or dynamic (flow) reactors, and various analytical techniques were used to investigate the reaction products (FTIR, GC-FID/MS, SPME-GC/MS, HPLC, PTR-ToF-MS, SIFT-MS, PLP-LIF) and SOA formation (SMPS, FMPS)
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Vieira, Carneiro Renata Caroline. "Volatile Compounds in Vine Tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81387.

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Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) is a Chinese herbal tea, rich in the natural antioxidant dihydromyricetin, that has multiple health properties and potential food and beverage applications. However, there is little information available on vine tea aroma, color and sensory characteristics. In this study, volatile components of vine tea infusions were identified by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Commercial vine teas samples were brewed with distilled water and Blacksburg (VA, USA) tap water and analyzed in triplicate. Vine tea infusions had acidic pH values and dark, reddish-yellow color. Type of water and vine tea sample both affected the overall volatile chemical composition of vine tea infusions. A total of fifty-six volatile components were identified in vine tea infusions. However, only seven aldehydes (hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-4-heptenal, nonanal, (E,Z)-2,4-heptadienal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, and β-cyclocitral), two ketones (6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and β-ionone), and one alcohol (1-penten-3-ol) were identified in more than 90% of all vine tea infusions (n=54). Results of this study may help further investigations in chemical and sensorial characteristics of vine tea, and the development of new healthy products.
Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Amin, Hardik Surendra. "SPECIATION STUDIES FOR BIOGENIC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL GENERATED BY OZONOLYSIS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND MIXTURES." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/528.

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Aerosols are either emitted directly into the atmosphere or are generated in the atmosphere; the latter process forms secondary organic aerosol (SOA). One of the important sources for SOA is the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by OH radicals, NOx, and O3. Aerosol can be visualized as suspended solid or liquid particle which is in equilibrium with surrounding gases. The products of SOA formation is a mixture of semi volatile organic compounds and a fraction of the products are condensable under atmospheric conditions. The condensable portion of aerosol is called particulate matter (PM) and these suspended particles can range in diameter from a few nanometers to microns. PM can impact climate through direct and indirect radiative forcing and can degrade air quality by reducing visibility and causing detrimental health effects. SOA can also form indoors, which also contributes to the health risk of PM. The severe impact of PM on human health and climate drives the scientific community to investigate the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their potential to form SOA, as well as the factors that alter the efficiency of SOA generation and the type of products. In a similar pursuit, the focus of this dissertation is the investigation of the SOA precursors that are emitted from trees and how they vary as a function of insect infestation. Also, the role of mixtures of VOCs as SOA precursors are investigated; commercial and lab made VOC mixtures are studied for SOA generation, product analysis, and absorption characteristics of aged SOA. Chapter 1 introduces PM, VOCs present in atmosphere, SOA generation, and speciation of products generated from the ozonolysis of VOCs. The impact of PM on human health and climate are summarized. A literature survey on the VOCs that are precursors to SOA and present in the outdoor and indoor environment is presented along with factors that may lead to variability in amount of VOCs. SOA generation from direct plant emissions and consumer products is surveyed. These studies show that VOC oxidation generate SOA which is important in the atmosphere due to climate and health effects and indoors due to health effects. A summary of SOA phase partitioning theories, the reaction mechanism for the formation of products from ozonolysis of the dominant biogenic SOA precursors (monoterpenes), and the factors that affect SOA generation is presented. Chapter 2 summarizes the results obtained from a field study assessing the impact of bark beetle infestation on SOA precursor emissions from forests in the Western United States. Samples of VOCs were collected by our collaborators from healthy and bark beetle infested trees using scent traps. We solvent extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) nearly four hundred scent traps. An increase in the total and the individual VOCs emitted by infested trees was measured. A statistical analysis shows significant differences between the emissions from infested and healthy trees. A perspective is provided on potential impact of bark beetle infestation on regional SOA. The majority of the laboratory experiments for SOA generation have focused on individual VOCs as the single SOA precursor. However, as demonstrated in Chapter 2 for example, in a real environment multiple VOCs co-exist. Multiple SOA precursors undergo concurrent oxidation reactions, and it is not known if the products from concurrent oxidation of multiple precursors are the same as the sum of the products from individual SOA precursors. Mass closure analysis of field samples show that a significant fraction of the chemical identity of organic PM is unknown, but the chemistry impacts the toxicity of PM. Hence, it is important to understand SOA formation from realistic SOA mixtures. Chapter 3 describes the results of the SOA generation by ozonolysis of limonene and VOC mixtures containing limonene. We use an additive approach for building a surrogate VOC mixture close in composition to a commercially-available mixture. The yield of PM as a function of VOC precursor mixture was measured with respect to VOC composition using smog chamber SOA generation and scanning mobility particle sizing. PM in the chamber was collected onto filters and extracted, and the individual products of SOA were identified and quantified by GC/MS. The condensed-phase SOA products generated during these experiments for different VOC mixtures are compared. In Chapter 4, condensed-phase products sampled from SOA generated by the ozonolysis of α pinene and VOC mixtures containing α pinene, including two fir needle essential oils, are studied by extracting filter samples and analyzing the extracts by GC/MS. The products generated from VOC mixtures are characteristic of the most dominant VOC present in the mixture i.e. either limonene or α pinene. Some mixtures show the generation of new products which are not observed for corresponding individual VOC ozonolysis and hence can be used as marker for the corresponding VOC mixture. The distribution of α-pinene SOA products changes as the composition of the SOA precursor mixture changes. In Chapter 5, the UV visible absorption characteristics of ammonium ion aged SOA are discussed. Ammonium ion aging of aerosol leads impacts the radiative properties of aerosol and has the potential to impact aerosol's role in climate change. Filter samples containing SOA generated from two mixtures with different dominant monoterpenes (α-pinene-based Siberian fir needle oil and a limonene-based air freshener) were extracted. The absorption coefficients of the extracts were measured as a function of ammonium ion aging time using UV-visible absorption spectrometry. The conclusions from all above chapters are summarized in Chapter 6.
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Books on the topic "Volatile compounds"

1

Volatile organic compounds. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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chairman, Bennett Andrew F., and Field Barry chairman, eds. Volatile organic compounds. London: HMSO, 1995.

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F, Bennett Andrew, and Field Barry, eds. Volatile organic compounds. London: HMSO, 1995.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Drinking Water., ed. Volatile organic compounds. Chelsea, Mich: Lewis Publishers, 1991.

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Qian, Michael C., Xuetong Fan, and Kanjana Mahattanatawee, eds. Volatile Sulfur Compounds in Food. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2011-1068.

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Teranishi, Roy, Ron G. Buttery, and Hiroshi Sugisawa, eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1993-0525.

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1922-, Teranishi Roy, Buttery Ron G, Sugisawa Hiroshi 1928-, American Chemical Society. Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry., and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Bioactive volatile compounds from plants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993.

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American Chemical Society. Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, ed. Volatile sulfur compounds in food. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2011.

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István, Hargittai. The structure of volatile sulphur compounds. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel, 1985.

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Wang, W., JL Schnoor, and J. Doi, eds. Volatile Organic Compounds in the Environment. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1261-eb.

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Book chapters on the topic "Volatile compounds"

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Fromme, Hermann. "Volatile Organic Compounds and Very Volatile Organic Compounds." In Indoor Air Quality, 93–156. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40078-0_3.

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Uragami, Tadashi. "Volatile Organic Compounds." In Encyclopedia of Membranes, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_596-1.

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Sarkar, Tapan, and Ashok Mulchandani. "Volatile Organic Compounds." In Environmental Analysis by Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors, 1023–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1301-5_14.

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Hess-Kosa, Kathleen. "Volatile Organic Compounds." In Indoor Air Quality, 137–64. Third edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315098180-8.

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Patnaik, Pradyot. "Volatile Organic Compounds." In Handbook of Environmental Analysis, 361–72. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151946-63.

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Toth, Stephen, Keun Joong Lee, Daphna Havkin-Frenkel, Faith C. Belanger, and Thomas G. Hartman. "Volatile Compounds in Vanilla." In Handbook of Vanilla Science and Technology, 183–219. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444329353.ch11.

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D'Onofrio, Claudio. "Changes in Volatile Compounds." In Sweet, Reinforced and Fortified Wines, 91–103. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118569184.ch5.

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Jaecker-Voirol, A. "VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds." In Pollutants from Combustion, 241–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4249-6_12.

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Granell, Antonio, and José Luis Rambla. "Biosynthesis of Volatile Compounds." In The Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Fruit Ripening, 135–61. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118593714.ch6.

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Surburg, H., M. Guentert, and H. Harder. "Volatile Compounds from Flowers." In ACS Symposium Series, 168–86. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1993-0525.ch013.

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Conference papers on the topic "Volatile compounds"

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Syed, Yasir I., Chris Phillips, Davide Deganello, and Keir E. Lewis. "Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds In COPD Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds & COPD." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a4598.

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Narain, Narendra, Anderson Santos Fontes, Maria Terezinha Santos Leite-Neta, Patricia Nogueira Matos, Hannah Caroline Santos Araújo, Monica Silva Jesus, and G. Rajkumar. "Aroma retention during drying of caja-umbu fruit pulp." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7811.

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This study was aimed to obtain and characterize the dried powder of cajá-umbu (Spondias spp) fruit pulp obtained by spray-drying and lyophilization. Spray-drying of the pulp was done at different temperatures. Analysis of bioactive compounds and volatile compounds was performed. The total phenolic compounds content was high in the dried powder obtained at the temperature of 140 °C. The volatiles analysis of dried powders revealed that the powder dried at 140°C contained a larger number of compounds. The cajá-umbu powder showed that it is a better alternative for storage and conservation since it retained the majority of volatile compounds. Keywords: Cajá-umbu, volatile compounds, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry.
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Yost, C., B. Pacolay, and L. Coyne. "348. Monitoring Volatile Organic Compounds Samplers." In AIHce 2002. AIHA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2766288.

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Wolff, Marcus, Henry Bruhns, and Wenyi Zhang. "Photoacoustic detection of volatile organic compounds." In SPIE Optics + Optoelectronics, edited by Francesco Baldini, Jiri Homola, Robert A. Lieberman, and Kyriacos Kalli. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.888966.

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Henley, Michael V., William R. Bradley, Sheryl E. Wyatt, G. M. Graziano, and J. R. Wells. "Atmospheric transformation of volatile organic compounds." In AeroSense 2000, edited by Patrick J. Gardner. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.394076.

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Rutecka, B., J. Wojtas, J. Mikolajczyk, Z. Bielecki, and T. Stacewicz. "Concentration system for volatile compounds detection." In SAFE 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/safe130331.

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Narain, Narendra, P. M. Nogueira, M. T. Leite Neta, H. C. S. Araújo, M. S. Jesus, and S. Shanmugam. "Effect of spray drying on volatile compounds of acerola pulp." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7808.

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The objective of this work was to optimize the drying conditions in order to obtain acerola powder and to focus on the product aroma quality. Acerola fruits were selected, washed and sanitized before extracting the pulp. An emulsion was obtained by adding maltodextrin in the pulp. The dehydrated powders were obtained in spray dryer by drying at inlet temperatures of 128 and 152 ºC. Twenty five volatile compounds were identified in fresh acerola pulp and in the dehydrated powder. These results prove that use of maltodextrin in spray drying of acerola pulp helps in retention of key aroma compounds in acerola powder. Keywords: Acerola, Spray drying, dehydration, volatiles, aroma, GC-MS.
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Amano, Ryo S., Jose Martinez Lucci, Krishna S. Guntur, M. Mahmun Hossain, M. Monzur Morshed, Matthew E. Dudley, and Franklin Laib. "Experimental Study of Treating Volatile Organic Compounds." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34579.

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Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) is a technology that has been used successfully to clean up subsurface soils at sites containing chlorinated solvents and petroleum hydrocarbons. The costs have been extremely high due to the large amount of energy required to volatilize high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds present in the soil matrix. One remediation contractor states that hydrocarbons are oxidized in situ by achieving temperatures in the >1000 F range near the heaters [1]. A critical question is whether the volatile portion of manufactured gas plant (MGP) hydrocarbons (VOCs) can be stripped out at lower temperatures such that the remaining contaminants will be unavailable for transport or subsequent dissolution into the groundwater. Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system is a relatively new technology developed by Jay Jatkar Inc. (JJI) along with the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee [2]. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed by JJI, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a pipeline that is enclosed in a larger-diameter pipe. This extraction pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Our previous studies had removed higher boiling compounds, such as naphthalene, etc., to a non-detectable level. Thus, the current technology is very promising for removing most of the chemical compounds; and can also remove these boiling compounds from the saturated zone. Gas chromatography (GC) is utilized in monitoring the relative concentration changes over the extraction period. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assists in the identification and separation of extracted components. The experimental research is currently being conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The objectives of this study are to identify contaminants and time required to remove them through HSVE treatment and provide data for computation fluid dynamics CFD analysis.
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Burggraf, Larry W., Charles A. Bleckmann, Guanming Li, Christopher J. Leonard, Heather L. Mitchell, James R. Reynolds, and DeLyle Eastwood. "Infrared detection of volatile compounds from microorganisms." In AeroSense 2000, edited by Patrick J. Gardner. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.394061.

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Amano, R. S. "Removal of volatile organic compounds from soil." In WATER POLLUTION 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp100101.

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Reports on the topic "Volatile compounds"

1

Gu, B., and R. L. Siegrist. Alkaline dechlorination of chlorinated volatile organic compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/419269.

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John F. Schabron, Jr Joseph F. Rovani, and Theresa M. Bomstad. FIELD SCREENING FOR HALOGENATED VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/820761.

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John F. Schabron, Joseph F. Rovani Jr., and Theresa M. Bomstad. FIELD SCREENING FOR HALOGENATED VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/822157.

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Simon, James E., Uri M. Peiper, Gaines Miles, A. Hetzroni, Amos Mizrach, and Denys J. Charles. Electronic Sensing of Fruit Ripeness Based on Volatile Gas Emissions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568762.bard.

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An electronic sensory system for the evaluation of headspace volatiles was developed to determine fruit ripeness and quality. Two prototype systems were designed, constructed, and later modified. The first is an improved version of our original prototype electronic sniffer using a single head sensing unit for use as a single or paired unit placed on an individual fruit surface for applications in the field, lab, or industry. The second electronic sniffer utilizes a matrix of gas sensors, each selected for differential sensitivity to a range of volatile compounds. This system is more sophisticated as it uses multiple gas sensors, but was found to enhance the ability of the sniffer to classify fruit ripeness and quality relative to a single gas sensor. This second sniffer was designed and constructed for the sampling of fresh-cut or whole packs of fruits such as packaged strawberries and blueberries, and can serve as a prototype for research or commercial applications. Results demonstrate that electronic sensing of fruit ripeness based on aromatic volatile gas emissions can be used successfully with fresh frits. Aroma sensing was successful for classifying ripeness in muskmelons, including different cultivars, apples, blueberries, strawberries, and in a complimentary BARD project on tomatoes. This system compared favorably to the physicochemical measurements traditionally employed to assess fruit maturity. This nondestructive sensory system can detect the presence of physically damaged fruits and shows excellent application for use in quality assessment. Electronic sensors of the tin oxide type were evaluated for specificity toward a wide range of volatiles associated with fruit ripeness. Sensors were identified that detected a broad range of alcohols, aldehydes, esters, hydrocarbons, and volatile sulfur compounds, as well as individual volatiles associated with fruit ripening across a wide concentration range. Sensors are not compound specific, thus, the matrix of sensors coupled with discrimination analysis provides a fingerprint to identify the presence of compounds and to assess alterations in fresh products due to alterations in volatile emissions. Engineering developments led to the development of a system to compensate for temperature and relative humidity relative to on-line aroma sensing with melons for ripeness determination and to reduce response time, thus permitting the electronic sniffer to be used for monitoring both fresh and processed food products. The sniffer provides a fast, reliable and nondestructive tool to assess fruit ripeness and quality. We hope that our work will foster the introduction and utilization of this emerging technology into the agricultural and horticultural
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Maddalena, Randy, Na Li, Alfred Hodgson, Francis Offermann, and Brett Singer. Maximizing Information from Residential Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1221051.

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Davis, J. K. Volatile Organic Compounds in Non-Arid Soils Integrated Demonstration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799748.

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Li, DeQuan. Cyclodextrin-based chemical microsensors for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/562505.

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Corbin, M. H., N. Metzer, and P. S. Puglionesi. Novel Technology Evaluation for Volatile Organic Compounds Emission Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada466104.

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Junk, G. A., and W. J. Jr Haas. Technology projects for characterization--monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10110024.

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Wijmans, J. G., R. W. Baker, H. D. Kamaruddin, J. Kaschemekat, R. P. Olsen, M. E. Rose, and S. V. Segelke. Combined air stripper/membrane vapor separation systems. [Volatile organic compounds]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6744995.

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