Relevant bibliographies by topics / Void nucleation and growth

Academic literature on the topic 'Void nucleation and growth'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Void nucleation and growth"

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Lee, J. H., and Y. Zhang. "A Finite-Element Work-Hardening Plasticity Model of the Uniaxial Compression and Subsequent Failure of Porous Cylinders Including Effects of Void Nucleation and Growth—Part I: Plastic Flow and Damage." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 116, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2904257.

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Gurson’s mixed hardening plasticity model (which takes into account the progressive damage due to void nucleation and growth of an initially dense material), with strain and stress-controlled nucleations, was used in a large deformation finite element program to study the plastic flow and damage in the uniaxial compression of cylinders under sticking friction. Effects of strain hardening, nucleation models, yield surface curvature, and geometry on the distributions and evolutions of stresses, strains, mean stress, void fractions, and coalescence are studied in detail. Using Gurson’s isotropic hardening model, positive mean and axial stresses developed at the bulge of the cylinder with growth of voids at latter stages of deformation. Due low stress triaxiality (Σm/σe<0.6) at the bulge, the process is nucleation rather than growth dominated for the majority of the cases studied. At failure, the maximum void fraction at the bulge among all cases studied is 0.085 and is far less than the critical void fraction (≈0.15) for coalescence.
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Chen, Bin, X. Peng, Xiang Guo Zeng, X. Wu, and S. Chen. "A Constitutive Model for Casting Magnesium Alloy Based on the Analysis of a Spherical Void Model." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.221.

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Casting magnesium alloys are heterogeneous materials containing numerous voids. Assuming the voids are spherical, in the present investigation, the evolution equations of the growth and nucleation of the voids have been presented. Combining the evolution equation of the void growth with that of the void nucleation, the evolution rule of the voids was obtained. Based on the void evolution rule a nonclassical elastoplastic constitutive model involving void evolution was developed. The corresponding numerical algorithm and finite element procedure were developed and applied to the analyses of the elastoplastic response and the porosity of casting magnesium alloy. The calculated results show the satisfactory agreement with experiments.
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Williams, Cyril Labode. "Void Mediated Failure at the Extremes: Spallation in Magnesium and Aluminum." Metals 12, no. 10 (October 5, 2022): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12101667.

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This paper reviews the role of void nucleation, growth, and coalescence on the spall failure process in light metals. Based on the review of the open literature, the preponderance of evidence show that void nucleation, growth, and coalescence are prevalent in light metals such as HCP magnesium and FCC aluminum alloys. The as-received microstructure and its evolution play a crucial role on how voids nucleate, grow, and coalesce. Nucleation of voids in these light metals and metallic alloys can be either homogeneous and heterogeneous but at high enough stresses, both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation can be activated simultaneously. Secondary phase particles and intermetallics can strongly influence spall failure, through matrix-precipitate/intermetallic debonding or precipitate/intermetallic cracking during shock compression. Studying spall failure through modeling has proven to be an invaluable tool in developing a fundamental understanding of void nucleation, growth, coalescence, and consequent spall failure. However, since new alloys are currently been developed, more experimental and modeling research are needed to further understand how spall failure initiate and grow in these new alloys.
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Chen, Jie, Darby J. Luscher, and Saryu J. Fensin. "The Modified Void Nucleation and Growth Model (MNAG) for Damage Evolution in BCC Ta." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 3378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083378.

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A void coalescence term was proposed as an addition to the original void nucleation and growth (NAG) model to accurately describe void evolution under dynamic loading. The new model, termed as modified void nucleation and growth model (MNAG model), incorporated analytic equations to explicitly account for the evolution of the void number density and the void volume fraction (damage) during void nucleation, growth, as well as the coalescence stage. The parameters in the MNAG model were fitted to molecular dynamics (MD) shock data for single-crystal and nanocrystalline Ta, and the corresponding nucleation, growth, and coalescence rates were extracted. The results suggested that void nucleation, growth, and coalescence rates were dependent on the orientation as well as grain size. Compared to other models, such as NAG, Cocks–Ashby, Tepla, and Tonks, which were only able to reproduce early or later stage damage evolution, the MNAG model was able to reproduce all stages associated with nucleation, growth, and coalescence. The MNAG model could provide the basis for hydrodynamic simulations to improve the fidelity of the damage nucleation and evolution in 3-D microstructures.
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Wciślik, Wiktor, and Sebastian Lipiec. "Voids Development in Metals: Numerical Modelling." Materials 16, no. 14 (July 14, 2023): 4998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16144998.

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The article is a continuation of two previous review papers on the fracture mechanism of structural metals through the nucleation, growth and coalescence of voids. In the present paper, the literature on the numerical modelling of void nucleation and development has been reviewed. The scope of the work does not include porous material models and their numerical implementation. As part of the discussion on void initiation, nucleation around second phase particles and nucleation as an effect of the discontinuity of the crystal structure were discussed separately. The basic void cell models, finite element method (FEM) models of periodically distributed particles/voids and models based on the results of the observations of the actual microstructure of materials have been characterised. Basic issues related to the application of the cohesive approach in void nucleation modelling have been considered. A separate issue is the characteristics of atomistic simulations and peridynamic modelling, which have been developed in recent years. Numerical approaches to modelling the growth and coalescence of voids are described, with particular emphasis on the influence of the stress state and strain localisation. Basic conclusions from the simulation are presented, pointing to the contribution of FEM modelling to the understanding of microstructural phenomena leading to ductile fracture.
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Lim, L. G., and F. P. E. Dunne. "Modelling void nucleation and growth in axisymmetric extrusion." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 211, no. 4 (April 1, 1997): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954405971516266.

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Elastic-viscoplastic constitutive equations, with kinematic and isotropic hardening, are employed to model the deformation behaviour of an aluminium alloy in extrusion. Constitutive equations are also employed for void nucleation and growth, which are fully coupled with the deformation behaviour. The material model is employed to investigate the roles of void nucleation and growth in extrusion defect formation. It has been shown that central bursting is a void growth controlled process. The existence of nucleated voids only leads to central burst formation with the existence of appropriate stress states which lead to void growth. The results obtained show excellent agreement with well-established limit diagrams, obtained analytically and experimentally. The results also show that for a given combination of area reduction and semi-cone die angle, the introduction of friction tends to inhibit the formation of central bursting, but increases the likelihood of surface tearing/cracking. The tendency to inhibit central burst formation with increasing friction results from the reduction in the levels of tensile hydrostatic stress, which therefore reduce the rate of void growth. A comparison of the results obtained using kinematic and isotropic hardening in the extrusion process showed that significantly different residual stress fields are obtained for the two cases. This is of importance, for example, in the case of multipass extrusion or where the residual stress field is to be used subsequently in design analysis.
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Wan, Ya-Ting, Jian-Li Shao, Guang-Ze Yu, Er-Fu Guo, Hua Shu, and Xiu-Guang Huang. "Evolution of Preset Void and Damage Characteristics in Aluminum during Shock Compression and Release." Nanomaterials 12, no. 11 (May 28, 2022): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12111853.

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It is well known that initial defects play an essential role in the dynamic failure of materials. In practice, dynamic tension is often realized by release of compression waves. In this work, we consider void-included single-crystal aluminum and investigate the damage characteristics under different shock compression and release based on direct atomistic simulations. Elastic deformation, limited growth and closure of voids, and the typical spall and new nucleation of voids were all observed. In the case of elastic deformation, we observed the oscillatory change of void volume under multiple compression and tension. With the increase of impact velocity, the void volume reduced oscillations to the point of disappearance with apparent strain localization and local plastic deformation. The incomplete or complete collapsed void became the priority of damage growth under tension. An increase in sample length promoted the continuous growth of preset void and the occurrence of fracture. Of course, on the release of strong shock, homogeneous nucleation of voids covered the initial void, leading to a wider range of damaged zones. Finally, the effect of the preset void on the spall strength was presented for different shock pressures and strain rates.
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Maire, Eric, Stanislas Grabon, Jérôme Adrien, Pablo Lorenzino, Yuki Asanuma, Osamu Takakuwa, and Hisao Matsunaga. "Role of Hydrogen-Charging on Nucleation and Growth of Ductile Damage in Austenitic Stainless Steels." Materials 12, no. 9 (May 1, 2019): 1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091426.

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Hydrogen energy is a possible solution for storage in the future. The resistance of packaging materials such as stainless steels has to be guaranteed for a possible use of these materials as containers for highly pressurized hydrogen. The effect of hydrogen charging on the nucleation and growth of microdamage in two different austenitic stainless steels AISI316 and AISI316L was studied using in situ tensile tests in synchrotron X-ray tomography. Information about damage nucleation, void growth and void shape were obtained. AISI316 was found to be more sensitive to hydrogen compared to AISI316L in terms of ductility loss. It was measured that void nucleation and growth are not affected by hydrogen charging. The effect of hydrogen was however found to change the morphology of nucleated voids from spherical cavities to micro-cracks being oriented perpendicular to the tensile axis.
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Steglich, Dirk, Husam Wafai, and Jacques Besson. "Anisotropic Plastic Deformation and Damage in Commercial Al 2198 T8 Sheet Metal." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.97.

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Deformation anisotropy of sheet aluminium alloy 2198 (Al-Cu-Li) has been investigated by means of mechanical testing of notched specimens and Kahn-type fracture specimens, loaded in the rolling direction (L) or in the transverse direction (T). Contributions to failure are identified as growth of initial voids accompanied by a significant nucleation of a second population of cavities and transgranular failure. A model based on the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) approach of porous metal plasticity incorporating isotropic voids, direction-dependent void growth, void nucleation at a second population of inclusions and triaxiality-dependent void coalescence has been used to predict the mechanical response of test samples. The model has been successfully used to describe and predict the direction-dependent deformation behaviour, crack propagation and, in particular, toughness anisotropy.
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Basaran, C., H. Ye, D. C. Hopkins, D. Frear, and J. K. Lin. "Failure Modes of Flip Chip Solder Joints Under High Electric Current Density." Journal of Electronic Packaging 127, no. 2 (September 15, 2004): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1898338.

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The failure modes of flip chip solder joints under high electrical current density are studied experimentally. Three different failure modes are reported. Only one of the failure modes is caused by the combined effect of electromigration and thermomigration, where void nucleation and growth contribute to the ultimate failure of the module. The Ni under bump metallization–solder joint interface is found to be the favorite site for void nucleation and growth. The effect of pre-existing voids on the failure mechanism of a solder joint is also investigated
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Void nucleation and growth"

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Thomson, Ronald D. "Ductile fracture by void nucleation, growth and coalescence." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6487/.

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Plastic deformation in ductile metals is limited by a mechanism in which voids, nucleated at second phase particles, grow and coalesce to form a crack. The results of a finite element solution for spherical elastic inclusions in a plastically deforming matrix are discussed. These results have been used in conjunction with experimental work using notched tensile specimens to generate multiaxial states of stress from which the local conditions leading to decohesion of the inclusion/matrix interface were determined. An important feature of these results is the statistical distribution of the interfacial strength. This distribution is bimodal, showing the presence of both weakly and strongly bonded particles. The latter have a modal strength of about 7 times the initial yield stress and the weakly bonded particles are assumed to be pre-existent. Experiments in plane and axisymmetric states of strain indicate that while the stress state is of relevance, the remote strain state is not. The absence of a macroscopic strain state effect is explained in terms of the statistical distribution of the voids nucleated from the population of randomly distributed inclusions. The stress and strain concentrations possible in local patches of high porosity have been investigated by a finite element approach based on the mechanics of a dilating continuum to determine void growth in the porous aggregate and the local conditions at failure. This investigation recognises the importance of the local hardening rate of the aggregate material and leads naturally to the idea of a size scale for failure, in the light of which the concept of a crack-like defect is re-examined.
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Mukherjee, Sunit. "Quantitative characterization of void nucleation and growth in HY-100 steels." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19574.

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McDermott, Patrick M. "Development and implementation of a shell element with pressure variation through the thickness and void growth and nucleation effects." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA369167.

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Thesis (Degree of Mechanical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1999.
"September 1999". Thesis advisor(s): Young W. Kwon. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-109). Also Available online.
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Labidi, Sana. "Elaboration des nanoparticules d'oxyde de zirconium par voie sol-gel : mise en forme et application pour la synthèse de biodiesel." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD085/document.

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Actuellement, la stratégie de la production d’énergie repose sur les 3 concepts d’économie, de régénération et d’écologie. La production de biodiesel s’insère dans cette thématique et fait objet de ce travail. Un suivi cinétique de nucléation-croissance est réalisé sur des nanoparticules monodisperses d’oxo-alcoxydes de zirconium (ZOA). Ces nanoparticules sont préparées par voie sol-gel dans un réacteur à T-micro-mélangeur avec deux flux turbulents de ZNP et c dans 1-propanol à 20°C. Les nanodépôts des nanoparticules de ZOA ont été réalisés sur des substrats en silice et comparés aux nanopoudres récupérées après l’induction du sol de ZOA. Les nanodépôts et les poudres subissent un séchage à 80°C puis une imprégnation humide dans une solution aqueuse de 0,25 mol.L⁻¹ de H₂SO₄. Nous obtenons ainsi les nanodépôts catalytiques après une calcination à des températures comprises entre 500 et 700°C sous O₂. Les techniques de BET, ATG-ATD, MET, DRIFT, analyse élémentaire et DRX sont déployées pour caractériser ces catalyseurs. Les cinétiques du processus d’estérification et de transestérification ont été étudiées en fonction des conditions de la préparartion des catalyseurs nanostructurés. Les nanodépôts catalytiques acides de ZrO₂-SO₄²⁻ possèdent une activité catalytique 50 fois plus élevée que celle des nanopoudres dans la réaction d’estérification de l’acide palmitique dans le méthanol à 65°C. Les nanodépôts calcinés à 580°C ont la meilleure stabilité vis à vis des essais de recyclage. L’activité catalytique des nanodépôts est aussi valable avec d’autres charges dont la composition est similaire à celle des huiles non-comestibles puis celle des déchets gras
In this work, we have realized novel nanoparticulate catalysts ZrO₂-SO₄²⁻ for biofuel production. We have studied nucleation-growth kinetics of zirconium-oxo-alkoxy (ZOA) nanoparticles in the sol-gel process. The monodispersed nanoparticles of 3.6 nm diameter were realised in a sol-gel reactor with rapid (turbulent) micro-mixing of liquid solutions containing ZNP and H₂O in 1-propanol at 20°C. The nanocoatings were realised of stable colloids of ZOA nanoparticles on silica beads along with common powders obtained after precipitation of unstable colloids. The acid ZrO₂-SO₄²⁻" catalysts were prepared after drying at 80°C, wet impregnation in 0.25 mol.L⁻¹ aqueous solution of sulfuric acid and subsequent thermal treatment between 500 and 700°C and studied with BET, DTA-DSC, TEM, DRIFT, elemental analysis, DRX and other methods. The catalyst nanocoatings calcinated at 580°C showed strong activity in esterification reaction of palmitic acid in methanol at 65°C, which is about 50 times higher than that of nanopowders, and also possesses the highest stability towards recycling. Tha catalytic performance of catalytic nanocoatings was also confirmed on unedible and waste oils
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Chandler, Mei Qiang. "Multiscale modeling of hydrogen-enhanced void nucleation." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-03192007-103416.

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Landron, Caroline. "Ductile damage characterization in Dual-Phase steels using X-ray tomography." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00738820.

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Dans le cadre du développement de nuances d'aciers toujours plus performantes en termes de résistance à l'effort et à l'endommagement, les aciers Dual-Phase (DP) présentent un bon compromis résistance/ductilité. Cependant, il est nécessaire de disposer de meilleures connaissances concernant les mécanismes menant à la rupture de tels aciers. Les mécanismes d'endommagement ont ainsi été étudiés dans cette thèse à l'aide de la tomographie aux rayons X. Des essais de traction in-situ ont été réalisés sur plusieurs nuances d'aciers DP, un acier ferritique et un acier martensitique afin de caractériser chaque étape de l'endommagement ductile. Des observations qualitatives et des données quantitatives concernant la germination de l'endommagement, la croissance des cavités et la coalescence ont été recueillies lors de ces essais. Ces données quantitatives ont ensuite été utilisées pour le développement et/ou la validation de modèles d'endommagement. Une prédiction de la cinétique de germination a ainsi été proposée et la version du modèle de croissance de cavités de Rice et Tracey corrigée par Huang et prenant mieux en compte l'effet de la triaxialité a été validée expérimentalement. L'étape de coalescence des cavités menant à la rupture des matériaux a pour la première fois été caractérisée de façon quantitative dans un matériau industriel et des critères de coalescence ont été appliqués localement sur les couples de cavités présentes dans le matériau. L'utilisation de ces modèles analytiques a permis une meilleure compréhension des propriétés agissant sur les phénomènes mis en jeu. L'effet de la part cinématique de l'écrouissage sur la germination et la croissance de l'endommagement a notamment été souligné et validé par des essais de chargements complexes.
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Gautier, Maxime. "Etude de la formation de nanoparticules de carbone au cours de la décomposition thermique d'hydrocarbures : application à la coproduction de noir de carbone et d'hydrogène par craquage thermique du méthane par voie plasma." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM061/document.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre du développement d’un procédé de décarbonation directe du méthane par voie plasma pour la coproduction de noir de carbone et d’hydrogène. Ce procédé est particulièrement intéressant dans la contexte d'un mix électrique faiblement carboné en offrant une solution pour diminuer drastiquement les émissions des procédés actuels de production de noir de carbone et d’hydrogène qui comptent parmi les procédés actuels les plus polluants en termes d'émissions de CO2. A court terme, la viabilité économique de ce procédé passe par la valorisation simultanée de ces deux produits : noir de carbone et hydrogène. À plus long terme, il pourrait représenter une réelle alternative à la capture et le stockage du CO2.Cette étude a pour but de proposer des méthodes numériques fiables et robustes afin de mieux comprendre, contrôler, voire optimiser les caractéristiques morphologiques des noirs de carbone issus de ce procédé, caractéristiques qui jouent un rôle primordial sur la qualité et les applications des noirs de carbone. Elle traite ainsi de l’évolution de systèmes carbonés en partant du combustible sous sa forme moléculaire jusqu’à la formation de nanoparticules puis de microstructures solides et aborde les phénomènes de nucléation, de croissance chimique, de croissance par coagulation, de maturation et d’agrégation.Des outils et des méthodes numériques ont ainsi pu être développés afin de simuler la formation de particules solides au sein d’un écoulement fluide. Ceux-ci purent être implémentés avec succès à un code CFD. Enfin des simulations numériques du procédé en question ont été réalisées en intégrant les phénomènes de transferts thermiques et de turbulence spécifiques aux plasmas thermiques
This thesis takes part of the development of a direct decarbonation process of methane by plasma to produce both carbon black and hydrogen. This process is particularly interesting in an electrical mix context with low carbon emission. It proffers a solution to reduce drastically CO2 emissions rejected by the current carbon black and hydrogen ways of production, which are ones of the most polluting industrial processes.This study aims to develop reliable and robust numerical methods for a better understanding and a greater control of the morphologic features of the carbon black generated. These features play a key role in the quality and applications of the carbon black produced. This research retraces the evolution of the carbon structure from the molecules of the fuel to the formation of nanoparticles and solid microstructures. It tackles different phenomenon such as: nucleation, chemical growth, coagulation, maturity and aggregation.Numerical tools and methods were developed thereby and enable to simulate carbon particle formation. They were successfully implemented in a commercial CFD software. Eventually numerical simulation of the plasma process were performed, integrating heat transfers and turbulence
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Shabrov, Maxim N. "Micromechanical modeling of void nucleation in two phase materials /." View online version; access limited to Brown University users, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3174672.

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Lieberman, Evan. "Simulation of Void Nucleation in Single-Phase Copper Polycrystals." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/707.

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A systematic investigation is presented into the microstructural and micromechanical influences on ductile damage nucleation with an emphasis on grain boundaries in polycrystals. Microstructures obtained from experiments on copper polycrystals are characterized using Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) and near-field High-Energy Diffraction Microscopy (nf-HEDM) and the occurrence of damage is compared with micromechanical values obtained using an elasto-viscoplastic model based on the Fast- Fourier Transform (EVPFFT). The model produces full-field solutions for the stress and strain in voxelized polycrystalline microstructures. In order to resolve the fields onto interfaces, local Cartesian moments of the polycrystalline grain structure are used to extract the normals of grain boundaries and the tangents of triple junctions directly from the voxelized microstructure. Thus projecting the stress yields a parameter with potential significance, i.e. the grain boundary surface tractions. We identify “traction hotspots”, i.e. regions with tractions that are significantly above the mean, for the case of uniaxial tension. These show correlations with the angle between the grain boundary normal and the loading axis, a trend that some experiments also show when boundaries that nucleated voids are analyzed using EBSD, though differences present between the simulation and experiment hint that further criteria are needed. Nf-HEDM was used to record microstructure images of a polycrystalline sample before and after it undergoes damage. The damage locations in the post-shocked image are mapped onto the pre-shocked image, allowing stress and strain values from the EVPFFT model in the regions that eventually nucleated damage to be correlated with the locations of the void. The unexpected result was that differences in plastic work across boundaries correlated with voids, whereas vi quantities such as triaxiality and normal forces across boundaries did not.
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Warren, Dale Ross Seinfeld John H. "Nucleation and growth of aerosols /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1986. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03212008-085926.

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Books on the topic "Void nucleation and growth"

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Chandra, Abhijit. Void nucleation and growth during plane strain extrusion. [S.l.]: The Danish Center for Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, The Technical University of Denmark, 1992.

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Bennasar, A. Modelling of void nucleation and growth in particle filled polymer film processing. Manchester: UMIST, 1994.

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Sangwal, Keshra. Nucleation and Crystal Growth. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119461616.

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Lamanna, Grazia. On nucleation and droplet growth. Eindhoven: University of Eindhoven, 2000.

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Dubrovskii, Vladimir G. Nucleation Theory and Growth of Nanostructures. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39660-1.

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Electrocrystallization: Fundamentals of nucleation and growth. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Van Driessche, Alexander E. S., Matthias Kellermeier, Liane G. Benning, and Denis Gebauer, eds. New Perspectives on Mineral Nucleation and Growth. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45669-0.

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John, Garside, Mersmann Alfons, Nývlt Jaroslav, Institution of Chemical Engineers (Great Britain), and European Federation of Chemical Engineering. Working Party on Crystallization., eds. Measurement of crystal growth and nucleation rates. 2nd ed. Railway Terrace, Rugby, UK: Institution of Chemical Engineers, 2002.

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Crystal growth for beginners: Fundamentals of nucleation, crystal growth, and epitaxy. Singapore: World Scientific, 1995.

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Crystal growth for beginners: Fundamentals of nucleation, crystal growth and epitaxy. 2nd ed. Singapore: World Scientific, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Void nucleation and growth"

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Fortin, Elizabeth, Benjamin Shaffer, Saul Opie, Matthew Catlett, and Pedro Peralta. "Inter- and Transgranular Nucleation and Growth of Voids in Shock Loaded Copper Bicrystals." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 97–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_11.

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Mutaftschiev, Boyan. "Nucleation." In Crystal Growth in Science and Technology, 27–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0549-1_2.

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Kashchiev, D. "Nucleation." In Science and Technology of Crystal Growth, 53–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0137-0_5.

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Ray, Hem Shanker, and Saradindukumar Ray. "Nucleation and Growth." In Kinetics of Metallurgical Processes, 171–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0686-0_7.

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Visintin, Augusto. "Nucleation and Growth." In Models of Phase Transitions, 178–202. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4078-5_8.

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Vere, A. W. "Transport, Nucleation and Growth." In Crystal Growth, 5–28. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9897-5_2.

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Van Rosmalen, G. M., and A. E. Van Der Heijden. "Secondary Nucleation." In Science and Technology of Crystal Growth, 259–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0137-0_20.

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Kardos, J. L. "Void Growth and Dissolution." In Processing of Composites, 182–207. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446401778.006.

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Ratke, Lorenz, and Peter W. Voorhees. "Nucleation, Growth and Coarsening." In Growth and Coarsening, 205–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04884-9_10.

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Markov, Ivan V. "Nucleation at Surfaces." In Springer Handbook of Crystal Growth, 17–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74761-1_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Void nucleation and growth"

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Kadam, Sambhaji T., Ritunesh Kumar, and Kuldeep Baghel. "Bubble Growth at Nucleation Cavity in Microchannels." In ASME 2013 4th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2013-22083.

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Bubble dynamics i.e. bubble nucleation, growth and departure plays an important role in heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics during two phase flow of microchannels. A simplified mathematical model has been developed to predict the bubble growth rate in microchannels at nucleation cavity after its inception. It is assumed that heat supplied at nucleation site is divided between liquid phase and vapor phase as per instantaneous void fraction value. The energy consumed by vapor phase is utilized in overcoming evaporation, surface tension, inertia, shear and gravity effects. Proposed model shows good agreement (∼14 % error) with available experimental work. In addition, the physical phenomena of the bubble waiting time for flow boiling is also addressed utilizing proposed model. The waiting time predicted by the model is close to that obtained from experimental data.
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Vairagar, A. V. "Study of Electromigration Induced Void Nucleation, Growth, and Movement in Cu Interconnects." In STRESS-INDUCED PHENOMENA IN METALLIZATION: Seventh International Workshop on Stress-Induced Phenomena in Metallization. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1845843.

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Hauschildt, M., M. Gall, C. Hennesthal, G. Talut, O. Aubel, K. B. Yeap, and E. Zschech. "Electromigration void nucleation and growth analysis using large-scale early failure statistics." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4881343.

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Bower, A. F., and L. B. Freund. "Analysis of stress-induced void nucleation and growth in passivated interconnect lines." In Stress-induced phenomena in metallization: Second international workshop. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.45704.

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Belak, James. "Molecular dynamics simulation of high strain-rate void nucleation and growth in copper." In The tenth American Physical Society topical conference on shock compression of condensed matter. AIP, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.55642.

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Fortin, Elizabeth V., Saul Opie, Andrew D. Brown, Jenna M. Lynch, Eric Loomis, and Pedro D. Peralta. "Void Nucleation and Growth at Grain Boundaries in Copper Bicrystals With Surface Perturbations." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67649.

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Material failure on the microstructural level is important in determining macroscale behavior. When a material is subjected to dynamic (shock) loading conditions, damage and deformation patterns due to spall failure can provide a basis for connecting micro- to macroscale behavior. By analyzing deformation patterns at and around interfaces and boundaries that are representative of those found in engineering materials at high strain rates, we can develop stronger structures that can withstand impact collisions and rapid crack propagation. The addition of surface perturbations to one side of the samples provides insight on how strain localization occurs during the shock loading process and how the rippled release wave interacts with the boundary. Copper bicrystal samples were grown from two single crystal seeds using the vertical Bridgeman technique. A photolithography process was developed to create periodic surface perturbations on one side of the samples. The square wave ripples had a 150 μm wavelength and 5 μm amplitude. The bicrystals were shocked using laser ablation on the perturbation side at the Trident laser at Los Alamos National Laboratory and monitored using a VISAR (velocity interferometer systems for any reflector) and TIDI (transient imaging displacement interferometry) system. Shock pressures used were around 8–10 GPa. Targets measured 5 mm in diameter and 100 microns thick. The orientations of the grains were [001] and [111] along the shock direction with a 50° misorientation angle for the boundary, which was aligned parallel to the shock direction. Samples were soft recovered and cross-sectioned to perform quantitative characterization of damage using electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to gather information on the characteristics of the grain boundary and its surroundings, with emphasis on how the rippled surfaces and material anisotropy affected strain localization and spallation, initial results show that damage indeed localized at the grain boundary and that surface perturbations led to heterogeneity of spall damage distribution in the grain bulks.
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Butcher, Cliff, and Zengtao Chen. "A Coupled-Constitutive Model for Ductile Fracture: Void Nucleation to Coalescence." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39229.

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A novel framework and integration scheme has been developed to implement a secant-based homogenization theory for particle-reinforced plasticity into an existing damage-based constitutive model, the well known Gurson-Tvergaard (GT) model. In this approach, the material is treated as a three-phase composite composed of voids and particles embedded in a ductile matrix. Two successive homogenization theories (damage- and particle-based) are then applied to determine the macro-mechanical response of the material as well as the average stress state within the constituents as a function of the particle shape, composition, and volume fraction. By identifying the stress state within the particles and the matrix, void nucleation can be accurately represented and the void growth and coalescence models are improved through knowledge of the stress state within the matrix. The performance of the coupled model is evaluated using a model aluminum alloy. A parametric study is performed to elucidate the influence of the second-phase particles and their shape on damage evolution and ductile fracture.
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Yamagiwa, Kenta, Satoshi Kataoka, Satoshi Izumi, and Shinsuke Sakai. "Measurement of Three Dimensional Geometry of Creep Void and Grain Boundary With Combining 3D-EBSD Method and SEM Images." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57641.

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A-parameter, void area ratio and other methods about creep void are used to estimate creep damage resulting from creep voids. However, these methods are based on not three-dimensional but two-dimensional geometry, though creep voids are three-dimensional cavities. By combining the 3D-EBSD method with SEM images, we have observed the three-dimensional shape of creep voids and their geometrical relationship with grain boundaries at first. The method is applied to 1Cr-1Mo-0.25V turbine rotor steel subjected to a creep rupture test (580°C, 180MPa). Also, interrupted creep specimens are prepared to observe the progress of void growth. Forty sections with 0.5 μm interval and 100μm × 100μm area are measured by mechanical polishing in order to reconstruct the three-dimensional shapes. In the results, four types of creep void are observed. One is sphere type whose radius is approximately 1μm. It is observed in the specimen whose creep life fraction is 25%. In the specimens with 50% and 75% creep damage, prolate and oblate spheroid whose radius is approximately 2.5μm are observed. Finally, connected voids are located within ruptured specimen. As the creep damage is progressed, not only void growth but also void nucleation is observed. Especially, on prior austenite grain boundary which is three-dimensionally perpendicular to the stress direction, creep voids are nucleated and grow in a concentrated manner. However, such nucleated small voids do not affect the void volume fraction.
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Hammi, Youssef, Mark F. Horstemeyer, and Doug J. Bammann. "An Anisotropic Damage Model for Ductile Metals." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32887.

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An anisotropic ductile damage description is motivated from fracture mechanisms and physical observations in Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloys with second phases. Ductile damage is induced by the classical process of nucleation of voids at inclusions, followed by their growth and coalescence. These mechanisms are related to different microstructural and length scale parameters like the fracture toughness, the void size, the intervoid ligament distance, etc. The classical thermodynamic constraints of irreversible processes with material state variables are used to model the tensorial damage evolution coupled to the Bammann-Chiesa-Johnson (BCJ) rate-dependent plasticity. The damage-plasticity coupling is based on the effective stress concept, assuming the total energy equivalence, and written through a deviatoric damage effect tensor on the deviatoric part and through the trace of the second rank damage tensor on the hydrostatic part. The damage rate tensor is additively decomposed into a nucleation rate tensor, a void growth rate scalar, and a coalescence rate tensor. The induced damage anisotropy is mainly driven by the nucleation, which evolves as a function of the absolute value of the plastic strain rate tensor. Finally, some experimental data of cast A356 aluminum alloy are correlated with predictive void-crack evolution to illustrate the applicability of the anisotropic damage model.
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Rawat, S., Manoj Warrier, S. Chaturvedi, V. M. Chavan, Alka B. Garg, R. Mittal, and R. Mukhopadhyay. "Effect of Temperature on the Void Nucleation and Growth Parameters for Single Crystal Copper." In SOLID STATE PHYSICS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 55TH DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2010. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3605750.

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Reports on the topic "Void nucleation and growth"

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Abeyaratne, Rohan. Void Nucleation in Nonlinear Solid Mechanics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada228890.

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Fensin, Saryu Jindal. Influence of Grain Boundary Properties and Orientation on Void Nucleation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1239901.

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Fensin, Saryu Jindal. Influence of Grain Boundary Properties and Orientation on Void Nucleation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1242916.

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Lieberman, Evan, Ricardo A. Lebensohn, Edward Martin Kober, and Anthony Rollett. Microstructural Effects on Void Nucleation in Single-Phase Copper Polycrystals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1183396.

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Reding, Derek J., Pavol Stofko, Robert J. Dorgan, and Michael E. Nixon. Void Growth and Coalescence Simulations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada593137.

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Wang, Chia-Gee. Controlled Nucleation and Growth in Semiconductor Epitaxy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada415932.

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Edwards, L. Condensation growth and nucleation scavenging over large fires. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5053684.

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Edwards, L. L. Simulations of cloud condensation droplet nucleation and growth. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5988563.

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Appy, David. Nucleation and growth of metals on carbon surfaces. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1505184.

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Fausett, Diego Manuel. Tracking Void Growth in Material Undergoing Tensile Loading. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1463467.

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