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Journal articles on the topic 'Vocal resonance'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Köberlein, Marie, Peter Birkholz, Michael Burdumy, Bernhard Richter, Fabian Burk, Louisa Traser, and Matthias Echternach. "Investigation of resonance strategies of high pitch singing sopranos using dynamic three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 150, no. 6 (December 2021): 4191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0008903.

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Resonance-strategies with respect to vocal registers, i.e., frequency-ranges of uniform, demarcated voice quality, for the highest part of the female voice are still not completely understood. The first and second vocal tract resonances usually determine vowels. If the fundamental frequency exceeds the vowel-shaping resonance frequencies of speech, vocal tract resonances are tuned to voice source partials. It has not yet been clarified if such tuning is applicable for the entire voice-range, particularly for the top pitches. We investigated professional sopranos who regularly sing pitches above C6 (1047 Hz). Dynamic three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging was used to calculate resonances for pitches from C5 (523 Hz) to C7 (2093 Hz) with different vowel configurations ([a:], [i:], [u:]), and different contexts (scales or octave jumps). A spectral analysis and an acoustic analysis of 3D-printed vocal tract models were conducted. The results suggest that there is no exclusive register-defining resonance-strategy. The intersection of fundamental frequency and first vocal tract resonance was not found to necessarily indicate a register shift. The articulators and the vocal tract resonances were either kept without significant adjustments, or the fR1:fo-tuning, wherein the first vocal tract resonance enhances the fundamental frequency, was applied until F6 (1396 Hz). An fR2:fo-tuning was not observed.

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2

Liu, Rui, Cory Cornelius, Reza Rawassizadeh, Ronald Peterson, and David Kotz. "Vocal Resonance." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3191751.

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3

Straumann, Barbara. "Vocal effect and resonance." English Text Construction 1, no. 1 (March 7, 2008): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.1.1.07str.

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In its theoretical framework, my paper participates in the debate over voice ‘after’ Derrida. Drawing on poststructuralist and phenomenological approaches as well as recent contributions in the area of performance and cultural studies, I claim that the voice can be treated as an effect of resonance. Inherently performative and dialogic, the voice emerges by resonating with something else as well as by effecting resonances elsewhere. In Henry James’s The Bostonians (1886), this figuration is epitomized by the charismatic speaker Verena Tarrant. Her extraordinary public voice is read, manipulated and spoken by various figures of authority, who treat her as a stake in their struggle for power and publicity. Possessed by her vocal gift, they seek in turn to take possession of it. Yet while she lends her voice to others by echoing their ideas and phrases, catchwords and clichés, Verena simultaneously produces an impact on her audiences which eludes full appropriation. Her impersonal voice may express neither self-presence nor agency, but its effect is one of powerful resonance. Exceeding the text’s satire of the feminist movement and publicity culture, Verena’s doubly mesmeric voice refers us to an ambiguous and unresolvable fascination, both highlighted and performed by The Bostonians, for the voice in general and the public voice of modernity in particular.

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Thilakan, Jithin, Balamurali B.T., Sarun P.M., and Jer-Ming Chen. "Vocal Tract Resonance Detection at Low Frequencies: Improving Physical and Transducer Configurations." Sensors 23, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020939.

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Broadband excitation introduced at the speaker’s lips and the evaluation of its corresponding relative acoustic impedance spectrum allow for fast, accurate and non-invasive estimations of vocal tract resonances during speech and singing. However, due to radiation impedance interactions at the lips at low frequencies, it is challenging to make reliable measurements of resonances lower than 500 Hz due to poor signal to noise ratios, limiting investigations of the first vocal tract resonance using such a method. In this paper, various physical configurations which may optimize the acoustic coupling between transducers and the vocal tract are investigated and the practical arrangement which yields the optimal vocal tract resonance detection sensitivity at low frequencies is identified. To support the investigation, two quantitative analysis methods are proposed to facilitate comparison of the sensitivity and quality of resonances identified. Accordingly, the optimal configuration identified has better acoustic coupling and low-frequency response compared with existing arrangements and is shown to reliably detect resonances down to 350 Hz (and possibly lower), thereby allowing the first resonance of a wide range of vowel articulations to be estimated with confidence.

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Radolf, Vojtěch. "Sensitivity of Acoustic Resonance Properties to a Change in Volume of Piriform Sinuses." Applied Mechanics and Materials 821 (January 2016): 671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.821.671.

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Piriform sinuses (PS), side branches of the human vocal tract, produce extra resonances and antiresonances which influence the quality of produced voice. These acoustic resonant characteristics can be numerically simulated by 3D finite element models of the vocal tract with lateral cavities. Computations that use these accurate methods are very time consuming, therefore this study introduces a simplified 1D mathematical model to analyse acoustical effects of side branches. Although the 1D model cannot capture higher-frequency transversal mode shapes, the resulted changes caused by piriform sinuses partially correspond to recent findings of 3D computational models. New pair of resonances around 5 kHz followed by an antiresonance frequency were detected in the results of the model including PS. The first four resonance frequencies lying below the first new resonance of PS decreased with increasing PS volume and similarly both the new resonances of PS. The higher original resonances increased with increasing PS volume.

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6

Rakerd, Brad, Eric J. Hunter, and Peter LaPine. "Resonance Effects and the Vocalization of Speech." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 4, no. 6 (December 26, 2019): 1637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_pers-19-00052.

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Purpose Studies of the respiratory and laryngeal actions required for phonation are central to our understanding of both voice and voice disorders. The purpose of this tutorial is to highlight complementary insights about voice that have come from the study of vocal tract resonance effects. Conclusion This tutorial overviews the following areas: (a) special resonance effects that have been found to occur in the vocal productions of professional performers; (b) resonance and antiresonance effects associated with nasalization, together with clinical considerations associated with the diagnosis and/or treatment of hyponasal and hypernasal speech; and (c) studies of resonant voice and what they tell us about both normal and disordered speech production.

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7

Moore, Christopher A. "The Correspondence of Vocal Tract Resonance With Volumes Obtained From Magnetic Resonance Images." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 35, no. 5 (October 1992): 1009–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3505.1009.

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The increasing availability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a research, and even clinical, tool in speech production makes possible a wide range of quantitative methods in vocal tract measurement. In these initial stages of application, it is essential that the limits of the method be identified. The present investigation was designed to apply the techniques of digital image analysis and volumetric measurement to MRls obtained for the vocal tract during production of continuant speech sounds, and to apply these measures to a well-established and thoroughly tested model of acoustic transmission (Stevens & House, 1955). The results demonstrated that, although there were several sources of relatively large error and measurement bias, the vocal tract volumes obtained from MRIs were significantly predictive of vocal tract resonance frequencies. These results are discussed with respect to limits and potential for future application of MRI to speech production research.

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8

Heinrich-Clauer, Vita. "Body Resonance and the Voice." Clinical Journal of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis 26, no. 1 (March 2016): 137–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/0743-4804-2016-26-137.

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This article focuses on bioenergetic principles and the link between emotions and the voice, discussing various approaches to vocal expression in the psychotherapeutic process. There is an examination of the idiosyncrasies of bioenergetic work with the voice in contrast to therapeutic approaches that work solely with the body. There is an important distinction for practical bioenergetic work between liberating vocal discharge on the one hand and the build-up of tone, boundaries and self-efficacy on the other hand (cf. Shapiro, 2006, 2008, 2009).

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9

Joliveau, Elodie, John Smith, and Joe Wolfe. "Tuning of vocal tract resonance by sopranos." Nature 427, no. 6970 (January 2004): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/427116a.

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Titze, Ingo R., Brad Story, Marshall Smith, and Russel Long. "A reflex resonance model of vocal vibrato." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 111, no. 5 (2002): 2272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1434945.

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11

Wassermann, Ute. "Sympoietic vocal practice." Journal of Interdisciplinary Voice Studies 7, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jivs_00056_1.

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In this Voicing, Ute Wassermann describes how sympoietic vocal practice brings her into resonance with the world in different ways, creating a complex network of relationships within her body between various vocal identities. Stories are told about how her many voices and the environment exist in a mutually stimulating feedback relationship. She gives examples of how her sympoietic voice collaborates with the polyphonies of other-than-human voices. She communicates with voices sounding from objects, and at the same time is influenced by them. Does her voice remain human, or will it become the other?

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Webb, Mary, Clark D. Starr, and Karlind Moller. "Effects of Extended Speaking on Resonance of Patients with Cleft Palate." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 29, no. 1 (January 1992): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1992_029_0022_eoesor_2.3.co_2.

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Groups of listeners and rating scales were used to study the effects of extended speaking on resonance and voice quality in eight adults with cleft palate and mild to moderate hypernasality and a matched group of noncleft adults, with normal resonance and voice quality. Authors interpret their findings as indicating that resonance changes were greater and vocal quality changes less, for the cleft group, but that changes were not extensive nor always in the direction of increased hypernasality or decreased vocal quality.

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JIANG, Ming, and Chao-Jung WU. "Investigation and Reflections on Gender Differences in Vocal Music Education." Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala 79 (December 15, 2022): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/rcis.79.4.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the teaching methods and related theoretical studies of gender differences in bel canto. Focusing on four aspects: breathing, vocalization, resonance, and emotional expression, this study implements vocal music through gender-differentiated teaching methods and strategies. By carrying out a case study, the author summarizes the application and effectiveness of these teaching methods in the teaching of bel canto, and draws the following conclusions based on the research results: first, teaching methods tailored for gender differences enable students to make rapid progress in singing, breathing, vocalization, resonance, and emotional expression; their goals of learning vocal music are clearer. Second, the gender- dependent teaching methods promote the amelioration of vocal music teaching, break through the difficulties in practical teaching, and improve the teaching level and ability of instructors. Finally, this article puts forward teaching and research suggestions for vocal teachers and vocal education.

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Eriksson, Christine, and Monica Sand. "Placing voice meetings through vocal strolls – Toddlers in resonance with public space." SoundEffects - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Sound and Sound Experience 7, no. 2 (December 21, 2017): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/se.v7i2.102927.

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In early childhood education voice metaphors are often used to describe children’s participation, development or efforts to make themselves heard. This article aims to study the ways in which vocal metaphors take place in material and physical events in the Brunkeberg Tunnel (a pedestrian tunnel) in Stockholm, Sweden. Together with preschool toddlers we have developed ‘vocal strolls’ as a research method for early childhood research, where voice as an event takes place in, with and through resonance, rhythms, routines and refrains. To be able to discuss what vocal strolls consist of and what they may offer the toddlers as well as early childhood education we have developed new concepts. These concepts, voice meetings, voice orientations, voice rooms and vocal memory, take into account a relational and spatial way to compose voice, which may be utilised as a didactic method for amplifying voice as a phenomena among preschool toddlers.

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15

Story, Brad H., and Kate Bunton. "Intelligibility of synthetic words generated by transformation of a sequence of discrete acoustic events into modulation of the vocal tract shape." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015931.

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Within the paradigm of a recent model of speech production [Story and Bunton, JASA 146(4), 2522–2528], an utterance is specified as a sequence of relative acoustic events along a time axis. These events consist of directional changes of the vocal tract resonance frequencies called resonance deflection patterns (RDPs) that, when associated with a temporal event function, are transformed via acoustic sensitivity functions, into time-varying modulations of the vocal tract shape. RDPs specifying the targeted directional shift of the first three resonances for bilabial, alveolar, and velar consonants would be coded as [−1 −1 −1], [−1 1 1], and [−1 1 −1], respectively. In this study, these RDPs were combined with four vowels (“ih, ae, eh, uh”) to construct a set of 40 American English words (CVCs). A word intelligibility test was conducted in which listeners heard a synthesized target word and were asked to indicate what they heard by choosing a word from a matrix that included the target and seven near-neighbor words. Results indicate listener word recognition was aligned with the RDP settings, suggesting that they are an effective discrete representation of phonetic segments that can be transformed into speech by modulation of the vocal tract shape.

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16

Story, Brad H., Ingo R. Titze, and Eric A. Hoffman. "Vocal tract area functions from magnetic resonance imaging." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100, no. 1 (July 1996): 537–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.415960.

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17

Baer, T., J. C. Gore, L. C. Gracco, and P. W. Nye. "Vocal tract dimensions obtained from magnetic resonance images." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 84, S1 (November 1988): S125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2025742.

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18

Brajot, François-Xavier, and Alexander B. Neiman. "Vocal wow in an adapted reflex resonance model." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 147, no. 3 (March 2020): 1822–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0000938.

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19

Minami, Kazuhiko, Hagino Maruyama, and Tomoyuki Haji. "Vocal Fold Vibration Changes with Resonance Tube Method." Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics 56, no. 2 (2015): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5112/jjlp.56.180.

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20

Horáček, J., V. Radolf, and A. M. Laukkanen. "Low frequency mechanical resonance of the vocal tract in vocal exercises that apply tubes." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 37 (August 2017): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2017.02.004.

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21

Santos, Sabrina Silva dos, and Carla Aparecida Cielo. "Transgender man voice therapy: a case report." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 9 (September 6, 2020): e774997367. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7367.

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Introduction: Hormone therapy reduces the vocal fundamental frequency of transgender men, but the evidence suggests that it does not modify other female communication characteristics, what may result in insufficient male communication patterns. Objective: To describe the voice therapy and its results on the voice of a 35-year-old transgender man. Methods: His main complaints were voice incompatible with his gender and vocal oscillation after hormonal treatment, started eight months prior to the study. Based on the speech evaluation, a therapeutic planning was elaborated aiming at developing: descending pitch at the end of sentences; decreasing vowel prolongation; "chest resonance"; decreasing pitch variation; costodiaphragmatic breathing; vocal projection and quality; maximum phonation time and pauses; decrease and stabilize fundamental frequency; adjust the resonance; decrease pitch and increase loudness; decrease the tension on the labial commissures; and develop male aspects of speech and language. Ten voice therapy sessions were held once a week, lasting 45 minutes each. Results: After voice therapy, there was decreased pitch variation during speech, increased pauses, focusing on the interlocutor, and “chest resonance”; this developed descending pitch at the end of sentences, decreasing vowel prolongation, and pitch variation, as an exercise to stimulate male voice markers and vocal stability. Even after the hormone-induced vocal changes, he still had complaints about his voice, which improved with the aid of voice therapy. Conclusion: Speech therapy provided the development of male vocal markers in his voice. It became compatible with his gender and allowed him to be recognized as a man by his voice, and to be pleased with it.

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Oleson, Steven, Abigail Cox, Zhongming Liu, M. Preeti Sivasankar, and Kun-Han Lu. "In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Rat Vocal Folds After Systemic Dehydration and Rehydration." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-19-00062.

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Objective Consuming less water (systemic dehydration) has long been thought to dehydrate the vocal folds. An in vivo , repeated measures study tested the assumption that systemic dehydration causes vocal fold dehydration. Proton density (PD)–weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of rat vocal folds was employed to investigate (a) whether varying magnitudes of systemic dehydration would dehydrate the vocal folds and (b) whether systemic rehydration would rehydrate the vocal folds. Method Male ( n = 25) and female ( n = 14) Sprague Dawley rats were imaged with 7T MRI, and normalized PD-weighted signal intensities were obtained at predehydration, following dehydration, and following rehydration. Animals were dehydrated to 1 of 3 levels by water withholding to induce body weight loss: mild (< 6% body weight loss), moderate (6%–10% body weight loss), and marked (> 10% body weight loss). Results There was a significant decrease in vocal fold signal intensities after moderate and marked dehydration ( p < .0167). Rehydration increased the normalized signal intensity to predehydration levels for only the moderate group ( p < .0167). Normalized signal intensity did not significantly change after mild dehydration or when the mildly dehydrated animals were rehydrated. Additionally, there were no significant differences in PD-weighted MRI normalized signal intensity between male and female rats ( p > .05). Conclusion This study provides evidence supporting clinical voice recommendations for rehydration by increasing water intake after an acute, moderate systemic dehydration event. However, acute systemic dehydration of mild levels did not dehydrate the vocal folds as observed by PD-weighted MRI. Future programmatic research will focus on chronic, recurring systemic dehydration.

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23

Shetty, Anil, Varun Bhaskar, Nagaraj Kandagal, and Harish B G. "Anatomical location of the vocal cords in relation to cervical vertebrae, a new predictor of difficult laryngoscopy: A descriptive cross sectional study." Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia 9, no. 2 (April 15, 2022): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijca.2022.039.

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Airway management is among the challenges faced by the anaesthesiologists. There are anatomical and clinical factors, which can predict the difficult laryngoscopy. In this study, the aim was to predict the easy and difficult laryngoscopy preoperatively by assessing the anatomy of patient’s head and neck. The objective was to assess the same by using the magnetic resonance imaging films of the neck. The study included 110 adult patients with existing preoperative magnetic resonance imaging scans of neck. Preoperative anaesthetic assessment was done by using the thyromental distance, sternomental distance, body weight, mouth opening, Mallampati classification and head neck movement. The magnetic resonance imaging scans were screened for slices to visualise the vocal cords. A projection line was drawn to determinethe topography of vocal cords in relation to the cervical vertebrae. The ease of laryngoscopy by Cormack-Lehane grade was then correlated with the vertebral level of the vocal cords.The laryngoscopy was difficult in over weight patients (p<0.001) and with smaller thyromental distance. It was also observed that the laryngoscopy was easy (p<0.001), when the topographical location of vocal cords were related to C5 and hard, when they are at the level of C4 and C6 (p<0.001). Magnetic resonance imaging films of neck could be used to evaluate the potential difficult laryngoscopy, preoperatively. It can be used along with the existing bedside tests like determination of thyromental distance, sternomental distance and modified Mallampati classification.

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Herbst, Christian T., and Brad H. Story. "Computer simulation of vocal tract resonance tuning strategies with respect to fundamental frequency and voice source spectral slope in singing." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 6 (December 2022): 3548–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0014421.

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A well-known concept of singing voice pedagogy is “formant tuning,” where the lowest two vocal tract resonances ([Formula: see text]) are systematically tuned to harmonics of the laryngeal voice source to maximize the level of radiated sound. A comprehensive evaluation of this resonance tuning concept is still needed. Here, the effect of [Formula: see text] variation was systematically evaluated in silico across the entire fundamental frequency range of classical singing for three voice source characteristics with spectral slopes of –6, –12, and –18 dB/octave. Respective vocal tract transfer functions were generated with a previously introduced low-dimensional computational model, and resultant radiated sound levels were expressed in dB(A). Two distinct strategies for optimized sound output emerged for low vs high voices. At low pitches, spectral slope was the predominant factor for sound level increase, and resonance tuning only had a marginal effect. In contrast, resonance tuning strategies became more prevalent and voice source strength played an increasingly marginal role as fundamental frequency increased to the upper limits of the soprano range. This suggests that different voice classes (e.g., low male vs high female) likely have fundamentally different strategies for optimizing sound output, which has fundamental implications for pedagogical practice.

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Guzman, Marco, Anne-Maria Laukkanen, Petr Krupa, Jaromir Horáček, Jan G. Švec, and Ahmed Geneid. "Vocal Tract and Glottal Function During and After Vocal Exercising With Resonance Tube and Straw." Journal of Voice 27, no. 4 (July 2013): 523.e19–523.e34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.02.007.

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26

Glaze, Leslie E. "Treatment of Voice Hyperfunction in the Pre-Adolescent." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 27, no. 3 (July 1996): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.2703.244.

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Children with hyperfunctional voice disorders may respond readily to behavioral voice therapy based on education, voice conservation strategies, direct vocal function exercises, family and peer support, and relaxation. Treatment programs may take a variety of forms, but always rely on the successful integration of healthy respiration, phonation, and vocal tract resonance to achieve improved phonatory quality without vocal strain. Young clients are remarkably adept at recognizing and modifying maladaptive or abusive voice patterns, especially when combined with well-monitored diary charting and reward systems.

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27

Nye, Patrick W. "Vocal tract area functions from magnetic resonance (MR) images." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, no. 4 (October 1991): 2311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.401070.

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Takemoto, Hironori, Tatsuya Kitamura, and Seiji Adachi. "Changes in vocal tract resonance during a pitch cycle." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 120, no. 5 (November 2006): 3375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4781589.

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29

Austin, Stephen F., and Ingo R. Titze. "The effect of subglottal resonance upon vocal fold vibration." Journal of Voice 11, no. 4 (December 1997): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-1997(97)80034-3.

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30

Greenwood, A. R., C. C. Goodyear, and P. A. Martin. "Measurements of vocal tract shapes using magnetic resonance imaging." IEE Proceedings I Communications, Speech and Vision 139, no. 6 (1992): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-i-2.1992.0074.

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Palinkas-Sanches, Elaine, Marsal Sanches, Maria Cristina C. Ferrari, Gisele Oliveira, and Mara Behlau. "Vocal analysis of suicidal movie characters." Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 32, no. 4 (June 25, 2010): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462010005000012.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the auditory-perceptive evaluation and the psychodynamic aspects of voice samples among suicidal movie characters. METHOD: Voice samples of 48 characters (27 male, 21 female), extracted from 36 movies produced between 1968 and 2006, were analyzed. The samples were evaluated through a specific protocol focusing on the auditory-perceptive evaluation (voice quality, resonance, pitch, loudness, modulation, pauses, articulation and rhythm) and the psychodynamic aspects of voice. RESULTS: 85.5% of the samples exhibited abnormal findings in at least five parameters of the auditory-perceptive analysis, such as breathiness (n = 42; 87.5% of the samples), hoarseness (n = 39; 81.2%) and strain (n = 29; 60.4%), as well as laryngopharingeal resonance (n = 39; 81.2%), either high pitch (n = 14; 29.2%), or decreased loudness (n = 31; 64.6%). With respect to the psychodynamic aspects, dismay was detected in 50% (n = 24) of the samples, hopelessness in 47.9% (n = 23), resignation in 37.5% (n = 18), and sadness in 33.3% (n = 16). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest the existence of specific patterns used by actors during the interpretation of suicidal characters. The replication of these findings among real patients may contribute to improvement in the evaluation of potential suicidal patients, as well as the implementation of preventive measures.

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Wu, Tara J., Sean M. Lewis, and Peak Woo. "Neurosarcoidosis Presenting Initially as Idiopathic Vocal Cord Paralysis." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 128, no. 2 (October 26, 2018): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489418808814.

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Introduction: The presentation, course, and management of a rare laryngeal manifestation of neurosarcoidosis due to central nervous system (as opposed to peripheral nervous system) injury are described. Methods: The authors present 3 cases of vocal cord paralysis as the initial symptom of isolated neurosarcoidosis at a tertiary care laryngology clinic. Results: Laryngoscopy diagnosed unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Laryngeal electromyography revealed high vagal injury, prompting workup on brain magnetic resonance imaging. On magnetic resonance imaging, 2 cases showed basilar leptomeningeal inflammation and 1 case showed a brainstem mass. Patients were found at follow-up to have severe, progressive vagal injury, with patients developing severe quality of life impairments and medical complications. Conclusions: Neurosarcoidosis is not usually considered in the differential diagnosis of vocal cord paralysis. At initial presentation, all patients lacked other cranial neuropathies and systemic sarcoidosis manifestations, making diagnosis difficult. Otolaryngologists should be aware of this rare presentation, as prompt diagnosis by brain magnetic resonance imaging with or without central nervous system biopsy, as opposed to traditional chest radiography or computed tomography for the workup of peripheral nerve injury, is necessary. Serial laryngeal examinations are recommended for close monitoring of progressive disease and recommending treatment. Injection or medialization laryngoplasty can provide improvements in voicing but not swallow.

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Titze, Ingo R., Anuja Sharma, Ganesh Adluru, and Julie Barkmeier-Kraemer. "Simulation of acoustic effects of postural laryngeal oscillatory movement during vocalization." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010651.

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This paper addresses the contributions of low-frequency postural laryngeal kinematics to frequency and amplitude modulations of the vocal output signal. A one-dimensional Navier–Stokes solution for fluid transport and wave propagation is used along with a laryngeal source model to simulate voice production. Vocal fold adduction and vertical laryngeal posture are modulated sinusoidally at 2–10 Hz with various amplitudes to approximate kinematic phenomena observed with MRI during production of vocal vibrato and voice tremor. The acoustic modulations are quantified in terms of formant (resonance) and fundamental frequency shifts in the radiated output signal from the mouth. Postural oscillation of the larynx is a common kinematic component of vocal tremor, although less documented during production of vibrato.

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Murcahyanto, Hary, Yuspianal Imtihan, Mohzana Mohzana, and Nurul Hikmah. "Teknik Vokal pada Kesenian Burdah." Kaganga:Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah dan Riset Sosial Humaniora 4, no. 1 (March 28, 2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/kaganga.v4i1.2006.

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The purpose of this study was to describe the vocal techniques used in singing Burdah's verse. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The object of research is focused on vocal technique problems while the research subject is Jama'ah Burdah Al-Istiqlal, East Lombok. The results showed that the Burdah vocal technique had to use special lyrics or Barzanji. Not all of the vowel articulations are pronounced clearly according to the Arabic language. Burdah is sung at a slow tempo with a speed value of 60-63 (Larghetto). The dynamics at the beginning of the rhyme will sound louder and louder after which the same until the end except at the beginning again because the same rhythm is repeated. Frashering said to Burdah that he always welcomed each other so that the chanting would not break. Uses abdominal and upper resonance breathing as it is very influential on high notes. The conclusions of the study were found regarding the use of special rhymes, not all of the articulations were pronounced clearly, slow tempo, moderate dynamics, getting louder and repetitive, unbroken word decapitation, using abdominal breathing and upper resonance. Keyword: Burdah, Religious Art, Vocal Technique

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Moonis, Gul, Orville Dyce, Laurie A. Loevner, and Natasha Mirza. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Micronized Dermal Graft in the Larynx." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 114, no. 8 (August 2005): 593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940511400803.

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Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an objective measure of survival of micronized acellular human dermal graft (Cymetra, LifeCell Corporation) injected into the thyroarytenoid muscle for augmentation of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of MRI scans obtained in 6 patients in whom Cymetra was injected into the thyroarytenoid muscle. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the larynx was performed 3 days, 1 month, 8 months, 11 months, 15 months, and 21 months after injection. The survival of injected Cymetra was assessed according to information obtained from the MRI scan. Images were also obtained for 1 cm3 of reconstituted Cymetra paste. Results: The identification of Cymetra in the larynx is based on its proteinaceous content. T1-weighted images of the injected material in the true vocal fold showed hyperintense foci corresponding to injected Cymetra. Hyperintense signal was also present on the T2-weighted images. Persistence of the injected Cymetra was readily detectable by MRI for as long as 11 months. Conclusions: Cymetra is a viable treatment option for vocal fold augmentation. The duration of survival of Cymetra (as long as 11 months) makes it a good option in cases in which longer survival of the injectable material is needed.

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Tsunoda, Koichi, Yasushi Ohta, Seiji Niimi, Yasushi Soda, and Hajime Hirose. "Laryngeal Adjustment in Whispering." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 106, no. 1 (January 1997): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949710600108.

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Previous studies confirmed that during whispering the glottis is kept open to prevent vocal fold vibration and the supraglottal structures are constricted. However, there has been no study exploring the exact contour of the laryngeal lumen in the frontal dimension during the production of whispering. In order to further elucidate the nature of the laryngeal adjustments regarding the contour of the laryngeal lumen in whispering, and the role of supraglottal constriction in particular, we conducted a physiological study using magnetic resonance imaging. According to the results, the supraglottal structures were not only constricted but also shifted downward, attaching to the vocal fold to prevent vocal fold vibration completely during whispering. The results suggested the underlying mechanism of suppression of vocal fold vibration during the production of whispering.

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Murmura, Bruno, Filippo Barbiera, Francesco Mecorio, Giovanni Bortoluzzi, Ilaria Orefice, Elena Vetrano, and Alfonso Gianluca Gucciardo. "Vocal tract physiology and its MRI evaluation." Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud 3, no. 2 (December 18, 2021): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46634/riics.84.

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Introduction. The rapid technological evolution in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has recently offered a great opportunity for the analysis of voice production. Objectives. This article is aimed to describe main physiological principles at the base of voice production (in particular of vocal tract), and an overview about literature on MRI of the vocal tract. This is presented in order to analyze both present results and future perspectives. Method. A narrative review was performed by searching the MeSH terms “vocal tract” and “MRI” in Pub Med database. Then, the obtained studies were subsequently selected by relevancy. Results. Main fields described in literature concern technical feasibility and optimization of MRI sequences, modifications of vocal tract in vowel or articulatory phonetics, modifications of vocal tract in singing, 3D reproduction of vocal tract and segmentation, and describing vocal tract in pathological conditions. Conclusions. MRI is potentially the best method to study the vocal tract physiology during voice production. Most recent studies have achieved good results in representation of changes in the vocal tract during emission of vowels and singing. Further developments in MR technique are necessary to allow an equally detailed study of faster movements that participate in the articulation of speaking, which will allow fascinating perspectives in clinical use.

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Diekhoff, Megan, and Steven M. Lulich. "Anatomical measures of the vocal tract in children ages 5 and 6." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015539.

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At the same time young children experience rapid physical growth, they are faced with the challenge of mastering the complexities of speech production. Capturing the dimensions of the vocal tract during early childhood is a crucial step in characterizing early speech acoustics and speech motor control. The present study partially replicates measures of the vocal tract first employed in previous studies. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) were obtained from two 5-year-old and six 6-year-old children. Anatomical measurements of the vertical vocal tract (VT-V), posterior cavity length (PCL), anterior cavity length (ACL) and overall vocal tract length (VTL) are reported for each child. Results are consistent with previous findings, and are foundational for a larger, stratified longitudinal study aiming to characterize the development of individuals’ vocal tract anatomy between 5 and 9 years of age. [Work supported in part by NSF.]

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Belyk, Michel, Yune S. Lee, and Steven Brown. "How does human motor cortex regulate vocal pitch in singers?" Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 8 (August 2018): 172208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.172208.

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Vocal pitch is used as an important communicative device by humans, as found in the melodic dimension of both speech and song. Vocal pitch is determined by the degree of tension in the vocal folds of the larynx, which itself is influenced by complex and nonlinear interactions among the laryngeal muscles. The relationship between these muscles and vocal pitch has been described by a mathematical model in the form of a set of ‘control rules’. We searched for the biological implementation of these control rules in the larynx motor cortex of the human brain. We scanned choral singers with functional magnetic resonance imaging as they produced discrete pitches at four different levels across their vocal range. While the locations of the larynx motor activations varied across singers, the activation peaks for the four pitch levels were highly consistent within each individual singer. This result was corroborated using multi-voxel pattern analysis, which demonstrated an absence of patterned activations differentiating any pairing of pitch levels. The complex and nonlinear relationships between the multiple laryngeal muscles that control vocal pitch may obscure the neural encoding of vocal pitch in the brain.

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Guldner, Stella, Frauke Nees, and Carolyn McGettigan. "Vocomotor and Social Brain Networks Work Together to Express Social Traits in Voices." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 11 (June 24, 2020): 6004–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa175.

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Abstract Voice modulation is important when navigating social interactions—tone of voice in a business negotiation is very different from that used to comfort an upset child. While voluntary vocal behavior relies on a cortical vocomotor network, social voice modulation may require additional social cognitive processing. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the neural basis for social vocal control and whether it involves an interplay of vocal control and social processing networks. Twenty-four healthy adult participants modulated their voice to express social traits along the dimensions of the social trait space (affiliation and competence) or to express body size (control for vocal flexibility). Naïve listener ratings showed that vocal modulations were effective in evoking social trait ratings along the two primary dimensions of the social trait space. Whereas basic vocal modulation engaged the vocomotor network, social voice modulation specifically engaged social processing regions including the medial prefrontal cortex, superior temporal sulcus, and precuneus. Moreover, these regions showed task-relevant modulations in functional connectivity to the left inferior frontal gyrus, a core vocomotor control network area. These findings highlight the impact of the integration of vocal motor control and social information processing for socially meaningful voice modulation.

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Yulia Pratiwi, Dina, and Erfan Erfan. "PELAKSANAAN PELATIHAN BINA VOKALIA DI PURWA CARAKA MUSIC STUDIO PADANG." Jurnal Sendratasik 10, no. 2 (December 5, 2020): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jsu.v9i2.111168.

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This research is motivated by the existence of a vocal instructor, who does not have a musical education background, at Purwa Caraka Music Studio Padang. However, he is able to bring his students to get achievement at national level. This study aims to determine and describe the implementation of vocal training at Purwa Caraka Music Studio Padang. The aspects explored in this study are: 1) The program of vocal training at Purwa Caraka Music Studio Padang, 2) The implementation of vocal training at Purwa Caraka Music Studio Padang, 3) Obstacles to the implementation of vocal training at Purwa Caraka Music Studio Padang.This research useda descriptive analytic method. The data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. The results show that the implementation of vocal training at Purwa Caraka Music Studio Padang is based on the curriculum and handbooks. The methods used in vocal training are lectures, individual approachesand exercises, as well as voice production exercises which include: posture and diaphragmatic breathing, articulation techniques, intonation techniques, resonance techniques, and phrasering techniques. The obstacles in the implementation of the vocal training at Purwa Caraka Music Studio Padang are: 1) Mood of the students; 2) tone and tempo blind of the students.Keywords: Implementation, BinaVokalia, Purwa Caraka

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Signorello, Rosario, Zhaoyan Zhang, Bruce Gerratt, and Jody Kreiman. "Impact of vocal tract resonance on the perception of voice quality changes caused by vocal fold stiffness." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 136, no. 4 (October 2014): 2295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4900300.

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Nygren, Ulrika, Bengt Isberg, Stefan Arver, Stellan Hertegård, Maria Södersten, and Agneta Nordenskjöld. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Vocal Folds in Women With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Virilized Voices." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 59, no. 4 (August 2016): 713–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-14-0191.

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Purpose Women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) may develop a virilized voice due to late diagnosis or suboptimal suppression of adrenal androgens. Changes in the vocal folds due to virilization have not been studied in vivo. The purpose was to investigate if the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle is affected by virilization and correlate findings to fundamental frequency (F0). Method A case-control study using magnetic resonance imaging and voice recordings. Four women with CAH with virilized voices (26–40 years), and 5 female and 4 male controls participated. Measurements of cross-sectional TA muscle area, vocal fold length, vocal tract length, and acoustic analyses of F0 were performed. Results Women with CAH had larger cross-sectional TA muscle area than female control subjects and smaller than male controls. A significant negative correlation was found between TA muscle area and mean F0. The patients had a smaller physiological voice range than both female and male controls. Conclusion Data from our small study suggest that a larger TA muscle area is strongly associated with a lower F0 and thus the anatomical explanation for a female virilized voice, suggesting an androgen effect on the vocal folds. The findings from the present study need to be confirmed in a larger study.

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Robb, M. P., J. Yates, and E. J. Morgan. "Vocal Tract Resonance Characteristics of Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 117, no. 5 (January 1997): 760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489709113474.

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Steiner, Joel I., A. Michelle Fink, and Robert G. Berkowitz. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Pediatric Bilateral Vocal Fold Dysfunction." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 122, no. 7 (July 2013): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348941312200701.

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Wu, Liang, and Zhaoyan Zhang. "A parametric vocal fold model based on magnetic resonance imaging." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 140, no. 2 (August 2016): EL159—EL165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4959599.

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Ford, Charles N., June M. Unger, Roger S. Zundel, and Diane M. Bless. "Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of vocal fold medialization surgery." Laryngoscope 105, no. 5 (May 1995): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1288/00005537-199505000-00010.

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Garrel, Renaud, Richard Nicollas, Antoine Giovanni, and Maurice Ouaknine. "Optoreflectometry Determination of the Resonance Properties of a Vocal Fold." Journal of Voice 21, no. 5 (September 2007): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.05.002.

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Saint-Victor, S., E. Barbarite, C. Sidani, R. Bhatia, and D. E. Rosow. "Volumetric analysis of vocal fold atrophy via magnetic resonance imaging." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 132, no. 9 (September 2018): 822–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215118001573.

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AbstractObjectiveTo quantitatively test the hypothesis that older patients have increased thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy by comparing thyroarytenoid muscle volumes across different age groups.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted. The study included 111 patients with no history of laryngeal pathology. Two investigators reviewed magnetic resonance imaging studies of these patients and manually traced the thyroarytenoid muscles on multiple slices bilaterally. Thyroarytenoid muscle volumes were then computed using imaging analysis software. Patients were stratified into three age groups (18–50 years, 51–64 years, and 65 years or older) for comparison.ResultsIntra- and inter-rater reliabilities were excellent for all measurements (intraclass correlation co-efficient > 0.90). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean volumes of left and right thyroarytenoid muscles in all age and gender groups.ConclusionGiven the lack of statistically significant difference in thyroarytenoid muscle volume between age groups on magnetic resonance imaging, the prevailing assumption that age-related thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy contributes to presbyphonia should be re-examined.

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Flaherty, Robert F., Sharon Seltzer, Terrence Campbell, Robert M. Weisskoff, and Richard J. Gilbert. "Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of vocal cord closure during deglutition." Gastroenterology 109, no. 3 (September 1995): 843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(95)90393-3.

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