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Academic literature on the topic 'Viticulture – Maladies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Viticulture – Maladies"
Delval, Louis, François Jonard, and Mathieu Javaux. "Conséquences de la saison 2021 sur le rendement quantitatif en viticulture wallonne." IVES Technical Reviews, vine and wine, May 25, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/ives-tr.2022.5539.
Full textBois, Benjamin, Mario Rega, and Yann Juban. "La viticulture durable vue à travers le prisme de 90 ans de résolutions de l’OIV." Les mondes du vin de Robert Tinlot, no. 12 (February 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.58335/territoiresduvin.1918.
Full textLorusso, Daniele. "Culture de la vigne, production et commerce du vin de Valteline (XIXe-XXe siècles)." Territoires du vin d’Italie, no. 6 (September 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.58335/territoiresduvin.804.
Full textScaramellini, Guglielmo. "Culture de la vigne, production et commerce du vin de Valteline (XIXe-XXe siècles)." Territoires du vin d’Italie, no. 6 (September 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.58335/territoiresduvin.807.
Full textAlbert, Marion, Louis Galey, Alexandre Charbonneau, and Alain Garrigou. "Conception des pulvérisateurs et réglementation applicable : des sources de prescription à l’origine de difficultés d’usage et de situations d’exposition aux pesticides pour les viticulteurs." Activites 21-2 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/12hup.
Full textDewasme, Coralie, Séverine Mary, and Jean-Philippe Roby. "Produits "Biocontrôle" : une efficacité toute relative contre le botrytis." IVES Technical Reviews, vine and wine, October 3, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/ives-tr.2019.2581.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Viticulture – Maladies"
Battiston, Enrico. "Développement d’un outil innovant pour optimiser l'activité biologique des substances actives afin de contrôler des maladies fongiques chez Vitis vinifera L. Unmanned A erial Vehicle (UAV) - based remote sensing to monitor grapevine leaf stripe disease within a vineyard aff ected by esca complex Grapevine trunk diseases: a review of fifteen years of trials for their control with chemicals and biocontrol agents." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMS046.
Full textThe research investigates the application of biomimetic calcium phosphate as innovative delivery system for grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) protection purposes. This smart material was successfully studied in the biomedical field, from the functionalization of biomimetic calcium phosphate with anti-cancer molecules for localized releases, to the development of an innovative toothpaste for oral hygiene. Preliminary assays to implement the control of the grapevine fungal diseases, have revealed promising results. In this framework, the biomimetic inorganic hydroxyapatite was investigated as potential delivery system of bioactive substances allowed in organic agriculture for plant protection.Through a multidisciplinary approach, the study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of hydroxyapatite in enhancing the biological activity of copper(II) compounds, on the control of relevant common diseases, like downy mildew, and complex fungal diseases, such as the grapevine trunk diseases. This aim is related to further ambitious goals: the significant reduction of the fungicides amounts applied in plant protection and the optimization of the distribution and persistence of the bioactive substances in the plant tissues, including the vascular ones, where harmful pathogens can develop. Overall, the experimental activities allowed: (i) to understand the interaction between delivery system, functional substance and grapevine tissues; (ii) to demonstrate the mechanism on which the higher efficacy of the functional substance is based; (iii) to collect new information on the mechanisms involved in the symptoms expression by studying the plant defense reactions induced by the treatments
Amarouchi, Zakaria. "Impact du réchauffement climatique sur l’interaction vigne/micro-organismes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REIMS055.
Full textThe gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea has a devastating impact on various economically important crops, including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), with annual economic losses exceeding10 to 100 billion dollars worldwide. Currently, pesticides remain the main method used to reduce the incidence of this phytopathogenic fungus. However, in addition to emergence of multidrug resistance, chemicals must be increasingly restricted in order to limit their impact on the environment and human health. Thus, in recent years, biological protection is gaining renewed interest. Therefore, the aim of our project is the development of new biotechnologies allowing the grapevine to better resist pathogenic pressures, through the use of beneficial microorganisms. The rhizosphere is a rich source of microorganisms with strong abilities in the biocontrol of plant diseases. In the present study, isolation of plant beneficial microorganisms was carried out on healthy plants. A total of 42 micro-organisms were isolated from different rhizospheric semi-arid soils collected in vineyards of Meknes in Morocco (Latitude 33.75989, Longitude -5.43909). The in vitro antagonism test of the various isolates towards B. cinerea evealed that among all the isolates tested the strains S3, S4, S5 and S6 showed a positive result. These isolates inhibit the growth of B. cinerea. The four strains were identified by the study of biochemical characters and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The results of the analyzes showed that the bacterial strains retained were related to the following species, of the Bacillus genus: S3: B. velezensis; S4: B. velezensis; and S5: B. halotollerans. Isolate S6 was classified in the genus Enterobacter and identified as E. cloacae. The antagonism test carried out in planta on vine vitroplants indicates that the four rhizobacteria reduce significantly (59%, 39%, 55%, and 17%, respectively), the symptoms of the disease and reduce damage to photosynthetic activity (PSII) due to attack by B. cinerea. This study revealed that strains of the genus Bacillus and Enterobacter isolated from the rhizosphere of the vine could be used as biological control agents in the protection of the vine
Decante, Damien. "Répartition spatio-temporelle et migration de la cicadelle verte (Empoasca vitis Goethe) dans un agro-écosystème viticole." Bordeaux 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR21405.
Full textThe eco-ethology of Empoasca vitis was studied in vineyards at different temporal (week, generation, year) and spatial (plot, production site, small region) scales. This leafhopper hibernates near the plot on evergreen plants and, in spring, migrates towards different early-budding plants before ilmmigrating into the plots (complementation). Summer population levels (sometimes harmful) depend strongly on summer migrations taking place over longer distances. The intra-plot distribution of both adults and nymphs was mapped and compared to agronomical parameters. This revealed strong aggregations in areas of high plant vigour. The presence of potential alternative host plants of E. Vitis along the plot border (supplementation) did not seem to increase population levels. No impact of natural enemies from plot borders was detected. High and dense plot borders were shown to induce accumulation of migrating adults
Koledenkova, Kseniia. "Développement de solutions de lutte biologique dans la vigne (Vitis vinifera L.) pour augmenter sa résistance naturelle au mildiou (Plasmopara viticola)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS033.
Full textGrapevine cultivation, spanning 45 countries, plays a vital role in global viticulture, with France making significant contribution. However, French vineyards are challenged by biotic and abiotic stresses and rely heavily on chemical pesticides. Plasmopara viticola, the pathogen responsible of grapevine downy mildew, poses a serious threat to viticulture worldwide. Although chemical fungicides have traditionally been the primary method of control, their misuse has led to environmental issues and the development of resistant strains. As a result, alternative strategies like breeding resistant cultivar, using biocontrol agents, and applying resistance inducers have gained importance.Our study explores enhancing breeding programs with the use of beneficial bacteria. We characterized downy mildew resistance in different grapevine cultivars, investigated the underlying resistance mechanisms, and examined plant responses to infection. We also assessed the impact of a biocontrol agent on downy mildew across grapevine cultivars with varying resistance levels. Phenotyping and transcriptomic analyses revealed diverse defense pathways and varying levels of basal immunity. While a modest effect of bacterial priming was observed in susceptible cultivars, the resistance levels in resistant cultivars remained unaltered.In regions prone to high humidity and moderate temperatures, we investigated whether downey mildew-resistant cultivars also exhibited resistance to Botrytis cinerea. The study highlighted the ongoing need for plant-protection products, as the acquisition of downy mildew resistance maybe associated with a loss of genes involved in gray mold resistance. After biotests and molecular analyses, we proposed the use of the beneficial bacterium Burkholderia vietnamiensis as a biocontrol agent, offering a promising alternative to chemical products
Reynes, Didier. "Allergies rencontrées chez les viticulteurs au cours du travail de la vigne et dans leur environnement." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M051.
Full textPierron, Romain. "Esca et vigne : compréhension des mécanismes de défense précoces du bois de la vigne Vitis vinifera L. suite à la maladie, colonisation des champignons in planta et proposition de moyens de lutte pour une viticulture durable." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14651/1/Pierron.pdf.
Full textLefévre, Soizic. "Caractérisation de la qualité des raisins par imagerie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REIMS017.
Full textIdentifying the health conditions of the grapes at harvest time is a major issue in order to produce quality wines. To meet this issue, data are acquired by spectrometry, hyperspectral imaging and RGB imaging on grape samples during harvest.Several pre-treatments adapted to each type of data are applied such as normalization, reduction, extraction of characteristic vectors, and segmentation of useful areas. From an imaging point of view, the reconstruction in false colors of hyperspectral images, far from reality, doesn’t allow to label all the intra-class diversity. On the other hand, the visual quality of RGB imaging enables accurate class labelling. From this labelling, classifiers such as support vector machines, random forests, maximum likelihood estimation, spectral mapping, k-means are tested and trained on labelled bases. Depending on the nature of the data, the most effective is applied to whole images of grape clusters or crates of grapes of several grape varieties from different parcels.The quality indices obtained from RGB image processing are very close to the estimates made by experts in the field
Restrepo-Leal, Julian David. "Optimisation de la production d’effecteurs de Botryosphaeriacées pour maîtriser leur phytopathogénicité et exploiter leurs enzymes pour le bioraffinage du végétal." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS027.
Full textViticulture is constantly threatened by plant diseases, especially those caused by fungi. In the last decades, Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs) have arisen as highly destructive and rapidly expanding pathologies. One of the most worldwide prevalent GTDs is Botryosphaeria dieback, caused by Botryosphaeriaceae. These fungal species may rely on many biochemical weapons, including Plant Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes (PCWDEs) and phytotoxic secondary metabolites, to successfully colonize the grapevine. Here, we aimed to produce, purify, and characterize PCWDEs and phytotoxins from Botryosphaeriaceae to increase knowledge of their mechanisms underlying pathogenicity and virulence. We were also interested in taking advantage of Botryosphaeriaceae pathogens to obtain novel lignocellulolytic enzymes that may benefit plant biorefining. Using genomic comparisons, we highlighted the remarkable richness of Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZymes), potentially involved in the plant cell wall degradation, in the genome of Neofusicoccum parvum. When cultured in submerged fermentations, N. parvum could produce numerous CAZymes and secondary metabolites, notably in growth media containing lignocellulosic biomasses. Furthermore, we established a purification method for the virulence-factor-candidate phytotoxin (R)-mellein using an innovative approach via Centrifugal Partition Chromatography. We also started an approach to heterologously produce three novel CAZymes: an acetylxylan esterase, a pectate lyase, and an uncharacterized cellulase. Overall, our results provided insights into the influence of lignocellulosic biomass in the expression of pathogenicity and virulence factors in N. parvum. This study may also be helpful for the discovery of more efficient enzymes for industrial applications
Marant, Blandine. "Étude de la biosynthèse et de la bioproduction des stilbènes de vigne et de leur oligomérisation par des approches biotechnologiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS026.
Full textStilbenes are specialized metabolites of grapevine that play a key role in stress response. Resveratrol, the primary precursor of stilbene oligomers, is widely recognized for its biological properties. Resveratrol oligomers are also of great interest for their pleiotropic biological activities in various applications. However, their biosynthetic pathways remain poorly characterized, especially in grapevine, and current methods of production are not sustainable. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the biosynthesis of stilbenes in grapevine cell cultures elicited with methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MeβCD) to better understand the enzymatic mechanisms involved in oligomers formation. We showed that elicitation with MeJA triggers the biosynthesis of various stilbenes, including oligomers, in two grapevine cell lines. The heterologous expression of grapevine peroxidase 4 (PRX4) in E. coli revealed the functional role of this enzyme in the synthesis of resveratrol dimers, trimers and tetramers. Furthermore, we showed that MeβCD primes grapevine cells after MeJA treatment, thereby enhancing the expression of genes associated with the biosynthesis of resveratrol and its oligomers. Our work also indicated that MeβCD enhances the accumulation of resveratrol but limits the PRX4-based synthesis of oligomers. Successive treatment with MeβCD and MeJA also triggers the production of several g/L of stilbenes in bioreactor, highlighting the industrial potential of this elicitation process in grapevine cell cultures
Bourniquel, Christine Schmutz Jean-Luc. "Arsénicisme chronique chez un ancien viticulteur revue de la littérature /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2002_BOURNIQUEL_CHRISTINE.pdf.
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