Academic literature on the topic 'Vitamins in human nutrition'
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Journal articles on the topic "Vitamins in human nutrition"
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Kravtsova, E. I., I. I. Kutsenko, I. O. Borovikov, and S. K. Batmen. "Nutrition and nutritional support during pregnancy." Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health 3, no. 4 (2020): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-233-241.
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Increased nutrient needs during pregnancy are accounted for by physiological changes in the maternal organism and requirements of the developing and growing baby. They are realized through a number of physiological adaptations in nutrient metabolism. Physiological pregnancy and adequate fetal development are impossible in deficient nutrients, vitamins, and microelements. Randomized clinical trials in pregnant women have demonstrated that nutrient deficiency in the maternal organism results in pregnancy complications and health problems in the newborn but also accounts for a wide range of chronic disorders among the offspring. Probiotics improve digestive health in pregnant women and affect epigenetic programming of human homeostasis that predisposes to dysbiosis, allergies, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Prevention of vitamin and probiotic deficiency during pre-pregnancy planning, pregnancy, and breastfeeding focuses on ensuring that vitamin intake from food meets the requirements for these nutrients. Complex vitamin supplements containing probiotics treat alimentary deficiency and contribute to the favorable course of pregnancy and fetal development. KEYWORDS: nutrition, woman’s health, pregnancy, vitamins, probiotics, nutrient deficiency. FOR CITATION: Kravtsova E.I., Kutsenko I.I., Borovikov I.O., Batmen S.K. Nutrition and nutritional support during pregnancy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(4):233–240. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-233-241.
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Semba, Richard D. "The Discovery of the Vitamins." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 82, no. 5 (October 1, 2012): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000124.
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The discovery of the vitamins was a major scientific achievement in our understanding of health and disease. In 1912, Casimir Funk originally coined the term vitamine. The major period of discovery began in the early nineteenth century and ended at the mid-twentieth century. The puzzle of each vitamin was solved through the work and contributions of epidemiologists, physicians, physiologists, and chemists. Rather than a mythical story of crowning scientific breakthroughs, the reality was a slow, stepwise progress that included setbacks, contradictions, refutations, and some chicanery. Research on the vitamins that are related to major deficiency syndromes began when the germ theory of disease was dominant and dogma held that only four nutritional factors were essential: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and minerals. Clinicians soon recognized scurvy, beriberi, rickets, pellagra, and xerophthalmia as specific vitamin deficiencies, rather than diseases due to infections or toxins. Experimental physiology with animal models played a fundamental role in nutrition research and greatly shortened the period of human suffering from vitamin deficiencies. Ultimately it was the chemists who isolated the various vitamins, deduced their chemical structure, and developed methods for synthesis of vitamins. Our understanding of the vitamins continues to evolve from the initial period of discovery.
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Azzini, Elena, Tiziano Furini, Angela Polito, Luca Scalfi, Alessandro Pinto, Valeria Gasperi, and Isabella Savini. "Vitamin Nutritional Status in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer: A Narrative Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 9 (April 27, 2024): 4773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094773.
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Due to the high mortality rate in Western countries, pancreatic cancer is considered one of the big killers, leaving patients and their families with little hope upon diagnosis. Although surgical and drug therapies are critical for cancer patients to improve life expectancy and alleviation of suffering, nutrition plays a key role in improving cancer treatment outcomes. This narrative review, conducted as part of the activities of the Italian Society of Human Nutrition (SINU) working group in oncology, focuses on the prevalence of vitamin malnutrition among pancreatic cancer patients. The results of the literature search show that pancreatic cancer patients are at a heightened risk of water-soluble vitamin deficiencies, particularly of vitamins B1, B3, and B6. Additionally, they also face an increased risk of deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins. Among these vitamins, the potential role of vitamin D in pancreatic cancer has garnered the most attention, with its plasma levels being identified as a significant factor in patient survival. Investigating vitamin nutritional status could provide valuable insights for incorporating nutritional approaches into the prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer, thereby reducing the exacerbation of symptoms associated with the diagnosis.
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Morris, James G. "Vitamins in Animal and Human Nutrition." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 74, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/74.3.413.
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Ali, Mennatallah A., Hala A. Hafez, Maher A. Kamel, Heba I. Ghamry, Mustafa Shukry, and Mohamed A. Farag. "Dietary Vitamin B Complex: Orchestration in Human Nutrition throughout Life with Sex Differences." Nutrients 14, no. 19 (September 22, 2022): 3940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14193940.
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The importance of B complex vitamins starts early in the human life cycle and continues across its different stages. At the same time, numerous reports have emphasized the critical role of adequate B complex intake. Most studies examined such issues concerning a specific vitamin B or life stage, with the majority reporting the effect of either excess or deficiency. Deep insight into the orchestration of the eight different B vitamins requirements is reviewed across the human life cycle, beginning from fertility and pregnancy and reaching adulthood and senility, emphasizing interactions among them and underlying action mechanisms. The effect of sex is also reviewed for each vitamin at each life stage to highlight the different daily requirements and/or outcomes. Thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, and folic acid are crucial for maternal and fetal health. During infancy and childhood, B vitamins are integrated with physical and psychological development that have a pivotal impact on one’s overall health in adolescence and adulthood. A higher intake of B vitamins in the elderly is also associated with preventing some aging problems, especially those related to inflammation. All supplementation should be carefully monitored to avoid toxicity and hypervitaminosis. More research should be invested in studying each vitamin individually concerning nutritional disparities in each life stage, with extensive attention paid to cultural differences and lifestyles.
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Norbitt, Claire F., Wandia Kimita, Sakina H. Bharmal, Juyeon Ko, and Maxim S. Petrov. "Relationship between Habitual Intake of Vitamins and New-Onset Prediabetes/Diabetes after Acute Pancreatitis." Nutrients 14, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071480.
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Vitamins have many established roles in human health. However, the role of habitual dietary intake of vitamins in glucose homeostasis in individuals after acute pancreatitis (AP) is yet to be elucidated. The aim was to investigate the associations between habitual intake of fat- and water-soluble vitamins/vitamers and markers of glucose metabolism (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and homeostasis model assessment β-cell function (HOMA-β)) in individuals after AP. A total of 106 participants after AP were included in this cross-sectional study and were grouped based on glycaemic status: new-onset prediabetes/diabetes after AP (NODAP), pre-existing prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and normoglycaemia after AP (NAP). Habitual intake of seven fat-soluble vitamins/vitamers and seven water-soluble vitamins were determined by the EPIC-Norfolk food frequency questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using five statistical models built to adjust for covariates (age, sex, daily energy intake, visceral/subcutaneous fat volume ratio, smoking status, daily alcohol intake, aetiology of AP, number of AP episodes, cholecystectomy, and use of antidiabetic medications). In the NODAP group, three fat-soluble vitamins/vitamers (α-carotene, β-carotene, and total carotene) were significantly associated with HOMA-β. One water-soluble vitamin (vitamin B3) was also significantly associated with HOMA-β in the NODAP group. None of the studied vitamins were significantly associated with FPG or HOMA-IR in the NODAP group. Prospective longitudinal studies and randomised controlled trials are now warranted to investigate if the observed associations between vitamin/vitamer intake and NODAP are causal and to unveil the specific mechanisms underlying their involvement with NODAP.
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Ivanov, V., S. Ivanova, A. Niedzwiecki, and M. Rath. "Fat-Soluble Vitamins Affect Composition of Extracellular Matrix Deposited by Human Aortic Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells In Vitro." Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 19, no. 1 (July 6, 2020): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.19:36-45.
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Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is accompanied by changes in arterial connective tissue. We evaluated the effects of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and E individually and in combinations on the composition of extracellular matrix produced and deposited by arterial wall cells, human aortic smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells. Individually, vitamins D and E stimulated collagen type I extracellular matrix deposition in human aortic smooth muscle cell cultures. However, vitamins A, D, and E reduced collagen type IV deposition by human aortic smooth muscle cell, counteracting the stimulatory effects of vitamin C. The extracellular matrix deposition of heparan sulfate by human aortic smooth muscle cells increased by vitamin C and its combination (C+D+E). β-carotene + D + C induced the extracellular matrix deposition of collagen I by endothelial cells. Vitamin E with other vitamins resulted in either induction (E+C+A) or inhibition (E+D). The extracellular matrix deposition of type IV collagen and elastin by human aortic endothelial cells was not affected by test vitamins, except the extracellular matrix type IV collagen decrease by combinations (A+E), (A+D+E), and (C+D+E). The extracellular matrix deposition of all tested glycosaminoglycans was reduced by vitamin A and its combination (A+C+D+E). Therefore, the fat-soluble vitamins applied individually or in combination—both with each other or with ascorbic acid—can affect extracellular matrix deposition of type I and IV collagens, and key glycosaminoglycans by cultured human aortic arterial wall cells.
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Woźniak, Dagmara, Wojciech Cichy, Małgorzata Dobrzyńska, Juliusz Przysławski, and Sławomira Drzymała-Czyż. "Reasonableness of Enriching Cow’s Milk with Vitamins and Minerals." Foods 11, no. 8 (April 8, 2022): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11081079.
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Milk is an exceptional nutritional product that has been used for many millennia in human nutrition. Milk is a source of many valuable nutrients, including calcium, vitamin B, an especially significant amount of vitamin B2 and fat-soluble vitamins, such as A, D and E. Milk is an attractive product for fortification as it has a high nutritional density in a small volume and a relatively low price. Research shows positive health effects of drinking milk and consuming dairy products. Even more health benefits can be obtained from consuming fortified dairy products. A literature review, current nutritional recommendations, medical recommendations and an analysis of the market situation all recommend introducing milk enriched with minerals in combination with vitamins to the market. This concept corresponds to the current market demand and may supplement the missing and expected range of fortified milk and the correct number of recipients.
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Zołoteńka-Synowiec, Marzena, Beata Całyniuk, Ewa Malczyk, Aleksandra Zgraja, and Marta Misiarz. "Content of selected vitamins in menus from a social welfare home." Medical Science Pulse 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.6142.
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Background: Psychological old age is considered a developmental process in which there is a juxtaposition of profit and loss. Developmental changes are multi-faceted and include biological, psychological and social spheres. The quality of human life diminishes as mobility lessens, and this compromises self-perception. The biological changes of old age are retroactive. Poor nutritional status and other negative behaviors like addictions contribute to the physiological regression of aging. Interest in nutrition amongst the elderly is heightened because of the aging population in Poland and internationally. There is also interest in the application of proper nutrition to prevent diseases in this age group. Proper nutrition is one of the main factors determining ideal human function and positively affects the natural processes within it. Analysis of food composition gives the opportunity to eliminate nutritional errors, which in turn contributes to improving the quality of life and delaying the aging process in the examined age group. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of selected vitamins in 10 seasonal menus applied at a Social Welfare Home. Material and methods: This study included 40 decade menus, prepared over four seasons of a year for the residents of a Social Welfare Home. The vitamin content of the meals was assessed quantitatively using the computer program, Diet 5. The selected vitamins were those considered most essential to the elderly diet because of the common appearance of their deficiencies. Taking into consideration physical activity of the elderly (1,4 physical activity level ) and utilizing the norms developed by the Food and Nutrition Institute, the average norms of the analyzed nutrients were calculated for people over 60 years of age. For this purpose the formula (K+M)/2 was used, where K is the norm for women and M is the norm for men. The results obtained were compared with the calculated mean values of the norm for elderly at the level of the estimated average requirements (EAR). The results were analyzed statistically giving the mean value (X) and the median. The calculations were performed using Microsoft Excel. Results: Deficiencies in vitamin D were found. The menu content of vitamins E and C was correct in all seasons. The amount of vitamins A, B2, B12 and PP was excessive in all the seasons. Conclusions: The evaluated menus showed errors in the supply of the assessed vitamins.
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Kotake-Nara, Eiichi, Shiro Komba, and Megumi Hase. "Uptake of Vitamins D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, and D7 Solubilized in Mixed Micelles by Human Intestinal Cells, Caco-2, an Enhancing Effect of Lysophosphatidylcholine on the Cellular Uptake, and Estimation of Vitamins D’ Biological Activities." Nutrients 13, no. 4 (March 29, 2021): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041126.
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Vitamins D have various biological activities, as well as intestinal calcium absorption. There has been recent concern about insufficient vitamin D intake. In addition to vitamins D2 and D3, there are lesser-known vitamins D4–D7. We synthesized vitamins D5–D7, which are not commercially available, and then evaluated and compared the mixed micelles-solubilized vitamins D uptake by Caco-2 cells. Except for vitamin D5, the uptake amounts of vitamins D4–D7 by differentiated Caco-2 cells were similar to those of vitamins D2 and D3. The facilitative diffusion rate in the ezetimibe inhibited pathway was approximately 20% for each vitamin D type, suggesting that they would pass through the pathway at a similar rate. Lysophosphatidylcholine enhanced each vitamin D uptake by approximately 2.5-fold. Lysophosphatidylcholine showed an enhancing effect on vitamin D uptake by reducing the intercellular barrier formation of Caco-2 cells by reducing cellular cholesterol, suggesting that increasing the uptakes of vitamins D and/or co-ingesting them with lysophosphatidylcholine, would improve vitamin D insufficiency. The various biological activities in the activated form of vitamins D4–D7 were estimated by Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) online simulation. These may have some biological activities, supporting the potential as nutritional components.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vitamins in human nutrition"
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Wilkins, Jennie P. "Relationship between maternal prenatal vitamin use and infant iron status." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2381.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 43 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-36).
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Favret, Jenny C. "An incidence study of vitamin and mineral supplementation among infants in Southwest Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101275.
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A longitudinal feeding study of 154 infants in Southwest Virginia was conducted during 1978-1980. The incidence of vitamin and mineral supplementation among these infants was the focus of the retrospective study discussed here.
With the use of the Nutritional Analysis System of Louisiana State University, nutrient adequacy levels were determined. Vitamin D, vitamin E, folacin, vitamin B-6, and iron were the problem nutrients identified through this analysis. Inappropriate infant feeding practices such as the use of low iron formulas, the use of cow's milk, and the consumption of inadequate milk volume were blamed for these dietary deficiencies.
Routine vitamin supplementation was common among infants of all feeding types. While much of the supplementation was unnecessary, large percentages of infants demonstrated a need for it. The exception was vitamin A. None of the infants who received supplemental vitamin A had inadequate dietary intakes of this nutrient. Supplementation was not shown to have an effect on weight or length gain measurements.
Parents should be given specific infant feeding instructions prior to hospital discharge. Included should be a list of the circumstances which would indicate the need for supplementation.M.S.
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Clarke, Michael William. "Vitamin E metabolism in humans." University of Western Australia. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0191.
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[Truncated abstract] Vitamin E is comprised of a family of tocopherols (TOH) and tocotrienols. The most studied of these is [alpha]-tocopherol ([alpha]-TOH), as this form is retained within the body and any deficiency of vitamin E is corrected with this supplement. [alpha]-TOH is a lipid-soluble antioxidant required for the preservation of cell membranes and potentially acts as a defense against oxidative stress. Individuals who have a primary vitamin E deficiency such as low birth weight infants, secondary vitamin E deficiency due to fat malabsorption such as in abetalipoproteinaemia, or a genetic defect in TOH transport require supplementation. There is debate as to whether vitamin E supplementation in other patient groups is required. Vitamin E supplementation has been recommended for persons with FHBL, a rare disorder of lipoprotein metabolism that leads to low serum [alpha]-TOH and decreased LDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations. We examined the effect of truncated apoB variants on vitamin E metabolism and oxidative stress in persons with heterozygous FHBL. We used HPLC with electrochemical detection to measure [alpha]- and [gamma]-TOH in serum, erythrocytes, and platelets, and GC-MS to measure urinary F2-isoprostanes and TOH metabolites as markers of oxidative stress and TOH intake, respectively. Erythrocyte [alpha]-TOH was decreased, but we observed no differences in lipid-adjusted serum TOHs, erythrocyte [gamma]-TOH, platelet [alpha]- or [gamma]-TOH, urinary F2-isoprostanes, or TOH metabolites. Taken together, our findings do not support the recommendation that persons with heterozygous FHBL should receive vitamin E supplementation. ... Sesame lignans are natural components of sesame seed oil and there is evidence that these lignans can inhibit CYP450 enzymes, in particular, those responsible for vitamin E metabolism. We hypothesised that sesame seed ingestion would increase serum [gamma]-TOH, lower plasma lipids and inhibit platelet function in human subjects with at least one cardiovascular risk factor. We used HPLC with electrochemical detection to measure [alpha]- and -TOH in serum and GC-MS to measure F2-isoprostanes and TOH metabolites as markers of oxidative stress and TOH intake, respectively. We used high-sensitive C-reactive protein as a measure of systemic inflammation. Platelet function was assessed using the PFA-100 platelet aggregation assay. Although serum [gamma]-TOH increased by 17%, we observed no effect on lipid metabolism, markers of inflammation, oxidative stress or platelet function following treatment with ~25 g/day sesame seeds for five weeks. Our findings challenge the hypothesis that sesame seed ingestion provides beneficial cardiovascular effects. In summary, we have studied the metabolism and transport of both [alpha]- and [gamma]-TOH in humans to evaluate the requirements for supplementation and the effects of vitamin E on platelet function and CYP3A4 activity. Specialised techniques using HPLC were developed to measure serum and cellular TOH concentrations both in supplemented and un-supplemented individuals. We also used GCMS to provide a sensitive, accurate assessment of TOH metabolites and midazolam pharmacokinetics in humans after vitamin E supplementation. We have examined the role vitamin E has on important biochemical endpoints, with emphasis on the implications for TOH supplementation in subjects at risk of CVD.
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Syphard, James Eric. "Sports supplement database /." Link to this database on the INTERNET, 2003. http://sportsupplementdb.project.cisat.jmu.edu/.
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Wolberg, Charlene. "The influence of vitamin D3 supplementation on the components of the metabolic syndrome." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80088.
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Thesis (MNutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The possible advantages of vitamin D supplementation on various cardiometabolic conditions have been examined over the past few years. Vitamin D supplementation has possibly shown effects on each of the individual components of the metabolic syndrome i.e.: obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether or not vitamin D supplementation has any effect on any of the components of the metabolic syndrome. We searched the (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails (Central), Medline, Science direct, ISI Web of knowledge and Scopus during 2010 (repeated search in 2012). We found four randomized controlled trials that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Three hundred and seventy three patients were included in these four randomized controlled trails comparing vitamin D supplementation with placebo. Duration of treatment was a minimum of 4 weeks, through to a maximum of on-year. The different trials looked at various components of the metabolic syndrome as outcomes. The results were not consistent amongst the trials and the results could not be combined in a meta-analysis due to heterogeneity in study design and outcomes measured. The current systematic review highlights the shortcomings in the published data and we recommend further trials be undertaken before vitamin D supplementation can be recommended as beneficial for patients with the metabolic syndrome.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die moontlike voordele van vitamien D-aanvullings op verskillende kardiometaboliese toestande is oor die afgelope paar jaar ondersoek. Daar is aangetoon dat vitamien Daanvullings uitwerkings het op elk van die individuele komponente van die metaboliese sindroom naamlik vetsug, hipertensie, dislipidemie en glukose-intoleransie. Die doel van hierdie sistematiese oorsig was om vas te stel of vitamien D-aanvullings enige uitwerking het op enige van die komponente van die metaboliese sindroom of nie. Ons het gedurende 2010 soektogte uitgevoer op die Cochrane Sentrale register van gekontroleerde proewe (Central), Medline, Science Direct, ISI Web of Knowledge en Scopus (soektog is in 2012 herhaal). Ons het vier verewekansigde gekontroleerde proewe wat aan ons insluiting- en uitsluitingskriteria voldoen het, opgespoor. Driehonderd drie en sewentig pasiënte is by die vier proewe ingesluit. Al vier proewe het vitamien D-aanvullings met plasebo vergelyk. Die duur van behandeling het van 4 weke tot een jaar gestrek. Die verskillende proewe het gekyk na verskillende komponente van die metaboliese sindroom as uitkomste. Die resultate van die onderskeie proewe was nie konsekwent nie. Die huidige sistematiese oorsig belig die tekortkominge in die gepubliseerde data en ons beveel aan dat verdere proewe onderneem word om vas te stel of dit nuttig is om vitamien D aanvullings vir pasiënte met die metaboliese sindroom aan te beveel, en of dit dalk skadelik kan wees.
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Nelson, Monica. "Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Response to Daily Oral Supplementation with 800 IU Cholecalciferol in Premenopausal Women Living in Maine." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/NelsonM2007.pdf.
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Simoneau, Nathalie. "Attributes of vitamin A and calcium-rich foods consumed in K'asho Got'ine, NWT." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27412.
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Over 60% of the population in K'asho Got'ine, NWT, obtained less than 2/3 of the Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNI) for vitamin A and calcium, as reported in a previous nutritional assessment. Focus group discussions and a food preference assessment were conducted with adults in order to identify the cultural, ecological, and socioeconomic factors (food attributes) as well as the individual preferences which influence the consumption of vitamin A and calcium-rich traditional and market foods in K'asho Got'ine. The major attributes limiting intakes of traditional food rich in vitamin A and calcium included: lack of equipment for hunting/fishing; seasonality; distance traveled to obtain certain foods; occasional unhealthy appearance of food; no hunter/fisher in the household. The major food attributes reported as barriers to greater intakes of selected market foods were: cost, freshness, intolerance to certain items, availability and unfamiliarity. Foods that received the highest preference scores were rabbit liver, loche liver, and Canada goose meat (smoked/dried) for vitamin A-rich foods and connie eggs, rabbit flesh, woodland and barrenland caribou head for calcium-rich foods. Criteria for selection of traditional and market foods to promote in the community included: (1) convenience of the food; (2) difficulty to overcome barriers to increasing food consumption; (3) concentration level of contaminants in certain traditional food; and (4) food preference score. This study identified available and underutilized traditional and market foods rich in vitamin A and calcium which are most acceptable to the community, and may be promoted in future nutrition intervention programs.
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Fradera, Ursula G. "Impact of vitamin A nutrified soybean oil on the vitamin A status of a selected community in Southern Brazil." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28986.
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Previous studies have revealed that marginal vitamin A deficiency poses a common public health problem among poor population groups in Southern Brazil. Nutrification programs in Guatemala (sugar) and in the Philippines (MSG) have resulted in improved vitamin A status, accompanied by positive changes in the anthropometric and general health status. Accordingly, the main purpose of the present pilot study was to evaluate the potential impact of vitamin A nutrified soybean oil on the vitamin A status of a selected community in Southern Brazil. Additional objectives were to assess the vitamin A and general nutritional status of the participants.
The study was conducted in Vila Piratininga, a shanty town located on the periphery of Ribeirao Preto, a typical agricultural town in the sugarcane and coffee region of the state of Sao Paulo. Fifty-seven families were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups and were provided for four months with soybean oil that was either fortified with vitamin A (92,000 IU of retinyl palmitate per one litre can) or unfortified.
To evaluate the impact of nutrification, biochemical and dietary indicators of vitamin A status were assessed before and after the supplementation. Dietary intake data were obtained from the female head of each household using the 24 hour recall method. Additional information on the usual consumption pattern of vitamin A containing foods was collected at the start of the study, using a food frequency questionnaire. Plasma retinol and (β-carotene levels of all subjects were analysed. Anthropometric measurements served as additional indicator of general nutritional status. Furthermore, throughout the intervention mothers, were questioned about the incidence of diarrhea and respiratory diseases among their children.
Results from the serum vitamin A analysis at baseline confirmed that vitamin A deficiency was a public health problem among this low income population. Forty percent (control group) and
59% (experimental group) of preschool children, the most vulnerable age group, had low or deficient serum retinol concentrations. Plasma (β -carotene and dietary data showed that the intake of vitamin A and carotenoids from the rice and bean based diet was very low. The consumption of nutrified soybean oil increased the estimated daily vitamin A intake of the experimental group by 500% (p<0.001). However, this improved intake was not reflected in plasma retinol levels. Plasma vitamin A values of supplemented individuals dropped significantly (p<0.001) during the intervention, indicating that vitamin A nutrified soybean oil was not effective in improving their vitamin A status.
The lack of response to supplementation in this study does not necessarily suggest that soybean oil is not a feasible vehicle for vitamin A nutrification. The fortified oil was well accepted by the participants and used daily for the preparation of meals; eventual losses of vitamin A during cooking and/or storage can be regarded as minimal. Therefore, this negative impact is more likely due to other factors. In populations with marginal vitamin A deficiency, as in Vila. Piratininga, the limitations of serum retinol levels as an accurate indicator of vitamin A body reserves should be appreciated. In addition, morbidity data revealed that infections were common among participating children. Infections may have impaired vitamin A absorption and utilization, increased requirements and consequently interfered with a successful nutrification.
This was the first study to use vegetable oil as the carrier for vitamin A. Although this trial did not result in the expected impact on vitamin A status of the present study population, the feasibility of this vehicle should be further studied. In future investigations, the relative dose response test (RDR), which is a more sensitive index of vitamin A body reserves, should be performed on a subsample of the whole study population. Furthermore, concurrent reduction in the magnitude and severity of precipitating or contributary risk factors such as parasitic infestation, diarrheal and respiratory infections could improve the outcome of a nutrification intervention.Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
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Santos, Vanessa Lorenço Peresi dos [UNESP]. "Associação entre os polimorfismos do gene BCMO1 (β-caroteno 15,15'-monooxigenase 1) e as concentrações séricas de β-caroteno e retinol em diferentes etnias brasileiras." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132849.
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A vitamina A tem importância na nutrição humana, uma vez que a sua deficiência é considerada um sério problema de saúde pública e de morbimortalidade infantil. Carotenóides pró-vitamina A, particularmente o β-caroteno proveniente de determinados alimentos de origem vegetal, são importantes fontes de vitamina A para muitas populações. Durante o processo de bioconversão os carotenóides são clivados pela enzima citossólica β-caroteno 15,15'-monooxigenase 1 (BCMO1). Dois polimorfismos (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms - SNPs) no gene BCMO1, R267S: rs12934922 e A379V: rs7501331, foram identificados em populações de etnias Caucasiana, Japonesa e Chinesa, podendo causar redução da atividade enzimática da BCMO1 e justificar a ampla diferença inter-individual na bioconversão do β-caroteno em vitamina A. Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar a frequência das variantes polimórficas A379V e R267S/A379V do gene BCMO1 em três grupos populacionais brasileiros (brancos, negros e japoneses) e avaliar a relação entre os SNPs com as concentrações séricas de β-caroteno e retinol entre os três diferentes grupos étnicos. Cada grupo foi composto de 100 indivíduos voluntários, com ancestralidades Europeia, Africana e Japonesa, sendo 50% do gênero feminino e 50% do gênero masculino. Foram avaliadas as concentrações séricas de β-caroteno, retinol, zinco eritrocitário, linfócitos, proteína C-reativa, α-1-glicoproteína ácida e a ingestão alimentar de Vitamina A. Amostras de saliva e esfoliado de células da mucosa oral foram coletadas para a extração de DNA com posterior genotipagem dos SNPs A379V: rs7501331 e R267S: rs12934922 por RT-PCR. As frequências das variantes alélicas R267S e A379V com, pelo menos, um alelo T para os indivíduos com ancestralidade Europeia foram 63,0% e 44,0%, respectivamente, com ancestralidade Africana, 48,0% e 18,0%, respectivamente, e com ancestralidade Japonesa, 21,0% e 27,0%,...
Vitamin A is important in human nutrition, since deficiency is considered a serious public health and child mortality. Provitamin A carotenoids, particularly β-carotene from certain plant foods are important sources of vitamin A for many populations. During the bioconversion process carotenoids are cleaved by cytosolic enzyme β-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1). Two polymorphisms (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms - SNPs) in BCMO1 gene, R267S: rs12934922 and A379V: rs7501331, were identified in ethnic populations of Caucasian, Japanese and Chinese, and it may cause reduced enzyme activity BCMO1 and justify the wide inter-individual differences in bioconversion of β-carotene into vitamin A. The aims of this study were to identify the frequency of polymorphic variants A379V and R267S/A379V of BCMO1 gene in three population groups (whites, blacks and Japanese) and evaluate the relationship between SNPs with serum β-carotene and retinol among three different ethnic groups. Each group was composed of 100 volunteers, with European, African and Japanese ancestry, and 50% were female and 50% male. Were evaluated plasmatic concentrations of β-carotene, retinol, zinc erythrocyte, lymphocytes, C-reactive protein, α-1-acid glycoprotein and dietary intake of Vitamin A. Samples of saliva and oral mucosa exfoliated cells were collected for DNA extraction with subsequent genotyping of SNPs R267S: rs12934922 and A379V: rs7501331 by RT-PCR. The frequencies of allelic variants R267S and A379V at least one T allele for individuals with European ancestry were 63.0% and 44.0%, respectively, African ancestry, 48.0% and 18.0%, respectively, and Japanese ancestry, 21.0 % and 27.0%, respectively. The results show, so unique, that the frequencies of polymorphic variants of the polymorphic variants A379V and R267S BCMO1 gene in Brazilian population groups evaluated depend on ethnicity for both SNPs. The polymorphic variants observed do not seem to ...
FAPESP: 2011/07057-2
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Santos, Vanessa Lorenço Peresi dos. "Associação entre os polimorfismos do gene BCMO1 (β-caroteno 15,15'-monooxigenase 1) e as concentrações séricas de β-caroteno e retinol em diferentes etnias brasileiras /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132849.
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Orientador: Lúcia Regina RibeiroCoorientador: Daisy Maria Favero Salvadori
Banca: Marcos Ferreira Minicucci
Banca: Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira
Banca: Mário Sérgio Mantovani
Banca: Raquel Alves dos Santos
Resumo: A vitamina A tem importância na nutrição humana, uma vez que a sua deficiência é considerada um sério problema de saúde pública e de morbimortalidade infantil. Carotenóides pró-vitamina A, particularmente o β-caroteno proveniente de determinados alimentos de origem vegetal, são importantes fontes de vitamina A para muitas populações. Durante o processo de bioconversão os carotenóides são clivados pela enzima citossólica β-caroteno 15,15'-monooxigenase 1 (BCMO1). Dois polimorfismos (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms - SNPs) no gene BCMO1, R267S: rs12934922 e A379V: rs7501331, foram identificados em populações de etnias Caucasiana, Japonesa e Chinesa, podendo causar redução da atividade enzimática da BCMO1 e justificar a ampla diferença inter-individual na bioconversão do β-caroteno em vitamina A. Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar a frequência das variantes polimórficas A379V e R267S/A379V do gene BCMO1 em três grupos populacionais brasileiros (brancos, negros e japoneses) e avaliar a relação entre os SNPs com as concentrações séricas de β-caroteno e retinol entre os três diferentes grupos étnicos. Cada grupo foi composto de 100 indivíduos voluntários, com ancestralidades Europeia, Africana e Japonesa, sendo 50% do gênero feminino e 50% do gênero masculino. Foram avaliadas as concentrações séricas de β-caroteno, retinol, zinco eritrocitário, linfócitos, proteína C-reativa, α-1-glicoproteína ácida e a ingestão alimentar de Vitamina A. Amostras de saliva e esfoliado de células da mucosa oral foram coletadas para a extração de DNA com posterior genotipagem dos SNPs A379V: rs7501331 e R267S: rs12934922 por RT-PCR. As frequências das variantes alélicas R267S e A379V com, pelo menos, um alelo T para os indivíduos com ancestralidade Europeia foram 63,0% e 44,0%, respectivamente, com ancestralidade Africana, 48,0% e 18,0%, respectivamente, e com ancestralidade Japonesa, 21,0% e 27,0%,...
Abstract: Vitamin A is important in human nutrition, since deficiency is considered a serious public health and child mortality. Provitamin A carotenoids, particularly β-carotene from certain plant foods are important sources of vitamin A for many populations. During the bioconversion process carotenoids are cleaved by cytosolic enzyme β-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1). Two polymorphisms (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms - SNPs) in BCMO1 gene, R267S: rs12934922 and A379V: rs7501331, were identified in ethnic populations of Caucasian, Japanese and Chinese, and it may cause reduced enzyme activity BCMO1 and justify the wide inter-individual differences in bioconversion of β-carotene into vitamin A. The aims of this study were to identify the frequency of polymorphic variants A379V and R267S/A379V of BCMO1 gene in three population groups (whites, blacks and Japanese) and evaluate the relationship between SNPs with serum β-carotene and retinol among three different ethnic groups. Each group was composed of 100 volunteers, with European, African and Japanese ancestry, and 50% were female and 50% male. Were evaluated plasmatic concentrations of β-carotene, retinol, zinc erythrocyte, lymphocytes, C-reactive protein, α-1-acid glycoprotein and dietary intake of Vitamin A. Samples of saliva and oral mucosa exfoliated cells were collected for DNA extraction with subsequent genotyping of SNPs R267S: rs12934922 and A379V: rs7501331 by RT-PCR. The frequencies of allelic variants R267S and A379V at least one T allele for individuals with European ancestry were 63.0% and 44.0%, respectively, African ancestry, 48.0% and 18.0%, respectively, and Japanese ancestry, 21.0 % and 27.0%, respectively. The results show, so unique, that the frequencies of polymorphic variants of the polymorphic variants A379V and R267S BCMO1 gene in Brazilian population groups evaluated depend on ethnicity for both SNPs. The polymorphic variants observed do not seem to ...
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Books on the topic "Vitamins in human nutrition"
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T, Dickerson John W., ed. Vitamins in human health and disease. Wallingford: CAB International, 1996.
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Blake, Steve. Vitamins & Minerals Demystified. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008.
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Bakhru, H. K. Shifa bakhsh vitamins: Vitamins that heal. Lahore: Takhliqat, 2000.
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Noeggerath, Rafael Llamas. Mis vitaminas. México, D.F: Trillas, 2005.
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Silverstein, Alvin. Vitamins and minerals. Brookfield, Conn: Millbrook Press, 1992.
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Sertori, Trisha. Vitamins and minerals. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2009.
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Kalbacken, Joan. Vitamins and minerals. New York: Children's Press, 1998.
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McDowell, Lee Russell. Vitamins in animal nutrition: Comparative aspects to human nutrition. San Diego: Academic Press, 1989.
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Challem, Jack. All about vitamins. Garden City Park, N.Y: Avery, 1998.
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Challem, Jack. All about vitamins. Garden City Park, N.Y: Avery, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Vitamins in human nutrition"
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Eastwood, Martin. "Vitamins." In Principles of Human Nutrition, 177–237. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3025-5_7.
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Graulet, Benoît, Bruno Martin, Claire Agabriel, and Christiane L. Girard. "Vitamins in Milks." In Milk and Dairy Products in Human Nutrition, 200–219. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118534168.ch10.
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Sonawane, Vijayraj N., Khemchand R. Surana, Eknath D. Ahire, Dhananjay M. Patil, and Deepak D. Sonawane. "Vitamins as Nutraceuticals for Human Nutrition." In Preventive and Therapeutic Role of Vitamins as Nutraceuticals, 281–302. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003414025-19.
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Ball, G. F. M. "Extraction of the water-soluble vitamins." In Water-soluble Vitamin Assays in Human Nutrition, 121–41. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2061-0_4.
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Frei, B., and M. R. McCall. "Antioxidant Vitamins: Evidence from Biomarkers in Humans." In Forum of Nutrition, 46–67. Basel: KARGER, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000059462.
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Ball, G. F. M. "Chemical and biological nature of the water-soluble vitamins." In Water-soluble Vitamin Assays in Human Nutrition, 10–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2061-0_2.
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Ball, G. F. M. "Biospecific methods for the determination of water-soluble vitamins." In Water-soluble Vitamin Assays in Human Nutrition, 365–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2061-0_8.
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Ball, G. F. M. "Microbiological methods for the determination of the B-group vitamins." In Water-soluble Vitamin Assays in Human Nutrition, 317–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2061-0_7.
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Bendich, Adrianne. "Vitamin E and Human Immune Functions." In Nutrition and Immunology, 217–28. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2900-2_10.
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Huey, Samantha L., and Saurabh Mehta. "Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Vitamin A." In Nutrition and HIV, 1–26. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351058193-1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Vitamins in human nutrition"
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Wekesa, Zindzi Damianna, and Gilbert Keen Arigi. "Black Soldier Fly as A Sustainable Source of Protein for Human Consumption." In 3rd International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2023-f.s.d.h.l-18.
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Background: Insects, particularly the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens), have gained attention as a promising alternative protein source to address food security challenges. This study explores the potential of black soldier fly larvae as a sustainable and nutritious protein source for human consumption. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the nutritional composition and safety aspects of black soldier fly larvae, evaluate its potential as a viable protein source, and discuss its implications for food security and policy. Methods: Black soldier fly larvae were reared under controlled conditions and analyzed for their nutritional composition, including protein content, amino acid profile, fatty acid profile, and micronutrient content. Safety aspects, such as heavy metal and pesticide residue levels, were also assessed. The study further examined the feasibility and scalability of black soldier fly production for human consumption. Results: The results reveal that black soldier fly larvae possess a high protein content, rich in essential amino acids, and a favorable fatty acid profile. Furthermore, the larvae contain significant amounts of essential micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals, contributing to a well-rounded nutritional profile. Safety analysis demonstrates low levels of heavy metals and pesticide residues, indicating its suitability for human consumption. The study also identifies the potential of large-scale black soldier fly production as an economically viable solution for food security. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of black soldier fly larvae as a sustainable and nutritious protein source for human consumption. With its high protein content, favorable nutrient profile, and safety parameters, black soldier fly larvae offer a promising solution to address food security challenges. Incorporating black soldier fly larvae into diets and food systems has the potential to enhance nutritional adequacy and reduce reliance on traditional protein sources. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the need for policy frameworks and regulatory support to promote the adoption of insect-based diets and ensure their safe integration into global food systems. Keywords: Black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, insect-based diet, food security, protein source, sustainability, nutritional composition, safety.
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Velciov, Ariana Bianca, Antoanela Cozma, Ramona �. Cristina Heghedus � Mindru, Alexandru �. Erne Rinovetz, and Adrian Rivis. "NUTRITIONAL AND SENSORIAL CHARACTERISATION OF RAW DRY SALAMI WITH ADDITION OF GOJI AND NUTS." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.36.
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Goji fruits (Lycium barbarum) are known for their very high content of antioxidants, supplemented by a high intake of vitamins, (including vitamins A, C and vitamins from the B complex), minerals (calcium, magnesium, selenium), proteins, fibers and amino acids. Thus, goji fruits have a very high nutritional potential, which is why their inclusion in the daily menu or their use for therapeutic purposes have proven extremely beneficial for the human body. Hazelnuts (Corylus avelana) and pistachios (Pistachia vera) are a great source of phytosterols, fibers and protein, also containing vitamins and minerals such as magnesium and vitamin E. The purpose of this study was to obtain a raw-dry salami with addition of goji fruits, hazelnut and pistachio, and to characterize our new formula in comparison with two types of salami from the local market, from the nutritional and sensory point of view. The total contents of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, mineral content, sodium chloride and moisture were determined. The results show that, compared to the salami sold on the market, our new formula - raw � dry salami with goji, hazelnut and pistachio has higher nutritional values. Regarding the sensory analysis, the tasters' preference was demonstrated for the salami with hazelnuts, pistachios and goji, this obtaining the highest scores in terms of texture, color, smell, taste and general acceptability. Consequently, we can observe that addition of goji berries, hazelnuts and pistachios when obtaining dry raw salami can optimize its nutritional and sensory quality.
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Okeyo, Dr David. "Edible Insect Based Diet: A Sustainable Low-Cost Nutritious Diet." In 3rd International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-knt-2023-001.
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THERE are emerging trends of sustainable food in the global food security and food systems value chain. Malnutrition has become a real issue alongside the lifecycle and this is more severe on hidden hunger. Insects of varied species have been known as a host of micronutrients such as vitamins, calcium, zinc and iron for human. These categories of organisms are easy to access or multiply as alternative source of protein and micronutrient supply. The use of insects such as termites’ crickets and grasshoppers are common in some countries like Kenya, Uganda, Thailand, India and South Africa. This keynote explores insects as alternative diets with a focus on sustainable food security in the context of access within the global food systems value chain. It is therefore apparent that entomophagy could be the solution to an increasing urgent food-security problem confronting the world. This is evidenced by the fact that already many countries are using insects as alternative food protein and feed sources. However, the current use remains low to replace traditional food sources worldwide. In the near future with good efforts edible insects have strong potential to become a primary source of nutrients.
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Krul, Elaine. "Nutritional opportunities to advance companion animal health - focus on lipids and related nutrients." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/cttu1432.
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Globally $232 billion was spent in the pet industry in 2021 and the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is estimated to be 4.6%. In the USA alone, $109.6 billion was spent in 2021, and more money is spent annually on pet food and treats than veterinary care or products. Pet parents are increasingly more concerned about the nutritional quality of the foods they feed their animals and their impact on health. Pet food manufacturers are responding to the increased demand for premium food products but importantly, the work of veterinary nutrition researchers is key to ensuring the safety and nutritional sufficiency of commercial and specialized animal diets. Lipids and related nutrients, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, medium-chain triglyceride oil (MCT oil), vitamins D and E and choline play an important role in companion animal health and will be discussed in this session. In addition, a study evaluating the impact of canine diets with different fat contents on risk of pancreatitis will be presented. These reports not only provide more insight into companion animal health but also sheds light on our understanding of how lipids and related nutrients impact human health.
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Litvyak, V., V. Kravchenko, A. Batyan, and A. Trifonova. "A NEW WAY TO OBTAIN A VALUABLE PRODUCT FOR HUMAN HEALTH BASED ON BEE HONEY." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-312-316.
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A new method of obtaining a product valuable for human health based on bee honey is proposed, which expands the possibilities of organic nutrition and increases the body’s resistance to changing environmental conditions, since the final one has a balanced carbohydrate-protein-vitamin-mineral composition and good organoleptic properties.
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Musau, Violet. "Technological Approaches in Food Systems." In 3rd International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2023-t.a.f.s-40.
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Introduction: Sustainable agriculture is directly linked to food sustainability. Sustainable agriculture is an integrated system of animal and plant production practices to provide enough human food, use resources efficiently, and effective farm operations. Food systems are a combination of all factors that are important for food security. The demand for sustainable, healthy produced food is greater than ever before. Technological approaches can help for the alignment of various issues such as availability, organization, and distribution of the current food. Technological innovations and advancements are essential in promoting sustainable food systems in Kenya. Scope: Technologies like precision farming which involve the combination of artificial technologies, the Internet of things and drones helps to collect, monitor and analyze big data. This helps farmers optimize land productivity and improve land productivity. The Food sector has been experimenting with novel ways to improve food production on existing land. For example, countries that are densely populated and lack fertile agricultural lands, like Singapore, Qatar, and UAE are considering other techniques like indoor farming. Methods like vertical farming require limited or no pesticide. The technology involves entirely insulated indoor operations. Crops are produced at multiple levels using electrical lighting, like light emitting diodes (LEDs). Technologies such as alternative proteins include plant-based or lab-grown meat. These methods offer sustainable ways of meat production. Personalized nutrition and diets are also an emerging trend. This is because the scientific community has revealed that different people’s bodies react differently to the same type of food. Some organizations use continuous monitoring devices to track blood levels of vitamins, glucose, and more. Objective: This study aims to address the question of how technological innovations can impact and transform food systems. Findings: Alternative proteins can help manage the rising meat demand in a sustainable manner. Mobile applications monitor and can creating personalized diet plans based on different types of health, and genetics. These applications can also connect the farmer to the market and the expected weather forecasts. Technological approaches in food systems offer solutions for many challenges faced in the value chain and agriculture. They also have great potential to improve our food systems. Conclusion: It is imperative that the government and various organizations work together to incorporate technology in finding solutions to creating a sustainable food system.
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Bobeck, Elizabeth. "Bioactive lipids and related nutrients in companion animal and poultry diets for reducing inflammation and improving immunity." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/vqxl3869.
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Beyond meeting nutritional requirements for growth and maintenance, select dietary ingredients can have additional effects, intended or not, on animal physiology and immune function. Diets can be enriched to benefit the animal, and a dual benefit can be achieved in the case of enriching animal products for the downstream human consumer. Many immune-altering nutrients are fat-soluble, including Vitamin E and D. Importantly, dietary lipids themselves can impact immune function; therefore, a focused and intentional selection of specific dietary fats, specifically omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), is one method to alter inflammatory cascades in animals consuming the diet. Examples of other related ingredients to which the immune system is responsive include zinc and probiotics. While work in human, livestock, and companion animal models is working to identify therapeutic inclusion rates for these nutrients and ingredients, it should be noted that physiological alterations are seen in both over and under-inclusion and are nutrient-specific. For example, inclusion above currently recommended levels may optimize immune function and reduce inflammation in the case of vitamin D or omega-3 PUFA, while for zinc, additional pharmacological supplementation above requirements may inhibit immune function. Importantly, when a diet is formulated to reduce overall systemic inflammation, it must be considered that important “background†functions of the immune system, including monitoring for and clearing pathogenic microbial populations, may be down-regulated due to a general reduction in immune reactivity. Continued work to understand how diet and nutrition impact immunity, and how to balance inflammation through nutrition, is an area of active research and will inform downstream users how to best use data to impact consumers of that feed in desirable ways.
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Danilevich, A. I., V. A. Kravchenko, and A. N. Batyan. "THE RESEARCH OF INDIVIDUAL PREFERENCES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF EDIBLE SALT BY THE POPULATION OF BELARUS AND WAYS TO ENRICH IT WITH FOOD INGREDIENTS IMPORTANT FOR HUMAN HEALTH." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-1-296-299.
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A survey of 123 respondents living in the Republic of Belarus was conducted on the characteristics of individual consumption of edible salt. It was found that 60.9% of respondents believe that vitamins should be a functional ingredient; 72% of respondents said they would be willing to buy salt with various additives. A method is proposed for enriching edible salt with ingredients important for human health with the possibility of regulating its mineral status due to extruded biologically active components from plant materials and, as a result, obtaining a wide range of salt with increased nutritional value.
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Naguevschi, Ana-Maria. "Conformity analysis of fermented cream." In Simpozion stiintific al tinerilor cercetatori, editia 20. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975359023.29.
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Dairy products are of particular importance for human nutrition. They provide about 100 nutrients (26 fatty acids, 45 minerals and 25 vitamins). Especially, fermented cream is among the most important dairy product that has a major demand on the consumer market, being purchased daily by consumers. Cream is high in fat. Cream fats are easily assimilated by the human body. The purpose of this paper is to determine the conformity of fermented cream and the study of standardized indices. The following research methods were included: method of analysis, methods of scientific knowledge and expertise. The paper contains the results of organoleptic, physico-chemical and sensory research on the quality of local and imported cream products. The results of the research show that no product fully met the prescribed requirements. We also studied consumer preferences by sensory analysis of fermented cream (20 points). The highest score was 18.4 points, accumulated by the "President" cream. In addition, we checked the correctness of the mandatory information on the product labels. In this sense, out of all the 6 products analyzed, only one product meets the requirements of Law 279 on consumer information on food. The other products are missing one or two pieces of information related to the batch number, product safety information and the label with the translation into the state language.
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C, Timanoi, Mwanja M, and Arasio A. "Utilization of one health ‘Kimormor’ Multi-Sectoral Outreaches for enhanced Nutrition Interventions in Migratory Pastoral Communities of Turkana County, Kenya." In 3rd International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2023-f.s.s.d-03.
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Background: According to the Integrated Phase Classification for acute malnutrition, Turkana County was ranked at critical phase (15-30% GAM rates of 27%, or ‘critical phase’ and Integrated Phase Classification 3 as food security insecure or ‘crisis phase (SMART Survey Jan 2023). Turkana County SMART Nutrition surveys 2018-2022 indicated increased stunting rates from 17.4% in 2018 to 21.9% in 2022, while in Jan 2023 the rates reduced to 21.6% due to the increased nutrition surveillance and response by various partners. Amidst the climate change crisis posed by drought and flush floods, a multi-sectoral approach in addressing maternal, child health and nutrition gaps is critical for better health outcomes for more than 50% of the population which is pastoral. This paper highlights the utilization of Kimormor Multisector Outreaches to respond to the unique needs of migratory pastoral communities in Loima Sub County, Turkana County. USAID Imarisha Jamii Intervention • To enhance health care seeking for migratory populations, Amref Health Africa in Kenya implemented the Kimormor One Health Approach. • This co-created model encompasses a multisectoral approaches on maternal and child health (MNCH) outcomes. • Through Kimormor, human and animal health is delivered to pastoral communities. • Multi-Sectoral Interventions are integrated into the Mobile Outreaches which follow the communities in their mapped migratory routes and waterpoints. Results: Through the Kimormor one health integrated outreach for one site out of 5 sites, 184 children and 40 Pregnant and lactating women (PLW) were screened for malnutrition out of these 10 and 96 children were severely malnourished and moderately malnourished respectively.25 PLWIDs were malnourished and enrolled into supplementary feeding Program (SFP). 129 children got dewormed, and 136 (under 5yrs) received Vitamin A supplementation. 16 children were fully Immunized.174 adults were able to be registered for National ID's and NHIF membership. A total of 4196 Shoats were dewormed and vaccinated against PPR disease. Conclusion • Implementation of Kimormor One health Outreach contributed to uptake of nutrition services like Vitamin A supplementation,deworming,continous growth monitoring and screening for malnutrition. • Other Multi-sector servivices which would otherwise have not been achieved in a static approach include animal health, NHIF enrollment, and maternal and child health aervices • Partnership and resource pooling among different sectors were effectively achieved which made implementation of the initiative possible. Recommendation • There is need to scale up an innovative kimormor one-health approach for migratory populations in other sub counties.
Reports on the topic "Vitamins in human nutrition"
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Kanner, Joseph, Mark Richards, Ron Kohen, and Reed Jess. Improvement of quality and nutritional value of muscle foods. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7591735.bard.
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Food is an essential to our existence but under certain conditions it could become the origin to the accumulative health damages. Technological processes as heating, chopping, mincing, grounding, promote the lipid oxidation process in muscle tissues and meat foodstuffs. Lipid oxidation occurred rapidly in turkey muscle, intermediate in duck, and slowest in chicken during frozen storage. Depletion of tocopherol during frozen storage was more rapid in turkey and duck compared to chicken. These processes developed from lipid peroxides produce many cytotoxic compounds including malondialdehyde (MDA). The muscle tissue is further oxidized in stomach conditions producing additional cytotoxic compounds. Oxidized lipids that are formed during digestion of a meal possess the potential to promote reactions that incur vascular diseases. A grape seed extract (1% of the meat weight) and butylated hydroxytoluene (0.2% of the lipid weight) were each effective at preventing formation of lipid oxidation products for 3 hours during co-incubation with cooked turkey meat in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). Polyphenols in the human diet, as an integral part of the meal prevent the generation and absorption of cytotoxic compounds and the destruction of essential nutrients, eg. antioxidants vitamins during the meal. Polyphenols act as antioxidants in the gastrointestinal tract; they scavenge free radicals and may interact with reactive carbonyls, enzymes and proteins. These all reactions results in decreasing the absorption of reactive carbonyls and possible other cytotoxic compounds into the plasma. Consumptions of diet high in fat and red meat are contributory risk factors partly due to an increase production of cytotoxic oxidized lipid products eg. MDA. However, the simultaneously consumption of polyphenols rich foods reduce these factors. Locating the biological site of action of polyphenols in the in the gastrointestinal tract may explain the paradox between the protective effect of a highly polyphenols rich diet and the low bioavailability of these molecules in human plasma. It may also explain the "French paradox" and the beneficial effect of Mediterranean and Japanese diets, in which food products with high antioxidants content such as polyphenols are consumed during the meal.
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Rosero, A., J. García, and J. Morelo. Varietal selection of high beta-carotene cassava genotypes adapted to dry and humid Caribbean Region of Colombia. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2018.6.
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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a four staple crop for human consume worldwide after rice, wheat and corn. Mainly, it is used as energetic source due high carbohydrate content; however, improvement of its nutritional quality can contribute to food security, especially in vulnerable region as Caribe, where several factors have threaten with nutritional balance in children. In Colombia, close to of children are born with a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams, which is one of the main risk factors for the mortality of newborns. In children less than 5 years old, 43,3% has zinc deficiency, 24,3% has A vitamin deficiency and 10,6 has Iron deficiency
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Regulated Products Risk Assessment Team. Safety assessment: Calcidiol (25-hydroxycholecalciferol monohydrate) as a novel food for use in food supplements. Food Standards Agency, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xqz647.
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An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in January 2021 from DSM Nutritional Products Ltd (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of Calcidiol, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol monohydrate as a novel food. The novel food is a new source of vitamin D3 for use as a food supplement targeted at a generally healthy population including pregnant and lactating women, except children under 3 years. It is a vitamer of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and is directly absorbed in the human gut. To support the FSA and FSS in their evaluation of the application, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) were asked to review the safety dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. Please note the Committee did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the food is safe, and not putting consumers at a nutritional disadvantage. The FSA and FSS concluded that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure the novel food, Calcidiol, was safe under the proposed conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the proposed use in food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous. The views of the ACNFP have been taken into account in the regulatory assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.
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Brown Thomas, Jeanice, David L. Duewer, Carolyn Q. Burdette, Lorna T. Sniegoski, and James H. Yen. Certification of standard reference material 968f fat-soluble vitamins in frozen human serum. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-188.
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Frankenberg, Elizabeth, and Duncan Thomas. Human Capital and Shocks: Evidence on Education, Health and Nutrition. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23347.
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strauss, Bernhard, Samuel Short, and Pantea Lotfian. The Evolution of personalised nutrition. Food Standards Agency, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ean605.
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Health and wellbeing and susceptibility to disease are causally linked to food and nutrition intake, an observation that has informed dietary advice for centuries. However, physiological response to different food types varies greatly by individual, meaning that a “one size fits all” approach to nutritional advice may be inadequate to ensure optimum health outcomes. Personalised nutrition (PN) services, operating at the intersection between health advisory, the wellness sector, and the food system, seek to address this through individualised targeted dietary advice focused on achieving lasting dietary behaviour change that is beneficial for health. In this report we specifically analyse the evolution of personalised nutrition defined as nutritional advice based on personalised analysis of scientific data obtained from the customers’ phenotype and the scientific knowledge base underpinning such advice. We will touch on technologies that enable the personalisation of food more generally only insofar as they might impact PN in the future through wider network effects within the food system. Personalised nutrition as a clinical and academic field of study has existed for at least four decades, however recent investor interest and cheaper direct-to-consumer (D2C) testing devices have enabled a growing commercial PN sector that has evolved over the past ten years. Commercial PN services provide mostly advice, which is claimed to be based on the latest scientific evidence showing the causal connections between certain individual phenotypic traits (genes, lifestyle factors, gut microbe, blood parameters, age, sex, etc.) and the physiological response to food. In addition to advice, providers increasingly offer personalised supplements and vitamins (which are within the FSA remit) as well as personalised, tailored subscription meal plans. The sector in the UK is currently still small but represented by a number of different business models serving increasing consumer interest in health-related offerings. Moreover, there are hopes that commercial PN might, in the longer-term future, contribute to public health. In this report we have analysed the specific input trends that have enabled the emergence of the sector with the drivers and challenges that are shaping its evolution today. This analysis included a thorough assessment of the science that underpins PN services, the role of technology trends and commercial activity including an overview of the current global and UK markets, wider social trends that impact consumer uptake of PN, and the existing regulatory environment that surrounds PN, a currently unregulated commercial activity. The potential impact on public health, food safety and consumer choice as the industry develops over the coming decade were also assessed.
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van Dorp, Marianne. Nutrition monitoring mission November 11-15, 2019 : Human Capital Development project UNICEF Rwanda. Wageningen: Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/511201.
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van Dorp, Marianne. Nutrition monitoring mission November 2-10, 2020 : Human Capital Development project UNICEF Rwanda. Wageningen: Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/536887.
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Fogel, Robert, and Nathaniel Grotte. An Overview of The Changing Body: Health, Nutrition, and Human Development in the Western World Since 1700. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16938.
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Duewer, David L., and Jeanice B. Thomas. NIST micronutrients measurement quality assurance program summer 2012 comparability studies : results for round robin LXXII fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and round robin 37 ascorbic acid in human serum. National Institute of Standards and Technology, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7880-1.
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