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Journal articles on the topic 'Vitamin Solutions'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Wegehaupt, Florian J., Nancy Lunghi, Vanessa M. G. Högger, and Thomasq Attin. "Erosive potential of vitamin and vitamin+mineral effervescent tablets." SWISS DENTAL JOURNAL SSO – Science and Clinical Topics 126, no. 5 (May 23, 2016): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.61872/sdj-2016-05-01.

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The extrinsic sources for erosion-causing acids are primarily acidic beverages and foodstuffs. Effervescent tablets also contain organic acids (e.g. citric, tartaric, malic) in order to form carbon dioxide by contact with water – with the help of the carbonate salts of the tablets. To adequately inform patients about the possible erosive potential of effervescent tablets, this study was undertaken in order to investigate the erosive potential of effervescent tablets (ET), containing either a combination of vitamins and minerals or vitamins only, commercially available in Switzerland. One hundred and ninety-two bovine enamel samples were prepared and allocated to 16 groups (A–H and 1–8; n = 12/group). Samples were eroded (120 s/erosive cycle) in freshly prepared solutions (200 ml/12 samples) comprised of tap water and a supplement as follows: none (control groups, A and 1); vitamin+mineral ET: Qualite and Prix (B), Optisana (C), Well and Active (D), Actilife All in One (E), Berocca (F), Isostar (G) and Qualite and Prix Mg + Vit C (H); vitamin ET: Actilife-Multivitamin (2), Sunlife Vitamin C (3), Optisana Vitamin C (4), Optisana Multivitamin (5), Well and Active Multivitamin (6), Kneipp Vitamin C+Zink (7) and Sunlife Multivitamin (8). Enamel loss was measured using profilometry after 10 and 20 erosive cycles. For the vitamin+mineral ET, no loss was observed in groups B–E. Significantly highest enamel loss (mean ± SD) after 20 cycles was observed for Isostar (5.26 ± 0.76 µm) and Qualite and Prix Mg + Vit C (5.12 ± 0.67 µm). All vitamine ET showed erosive enamel loss. Significantly highest loss was observed for Sunlife Multivitamin (8.45 ± 1.08 µm), while the lowest loss was observed for Actilife-Multivitamin (5.61 ± 1.08 µm) after 20 cycles. Some of the tested effervescent tablets showed a considerable erosive potential and patients should be informed accordingly.
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2

Cham, B. E., H. P. Roeser, and T. W. Kamst. "Simultaneous liquid-chromatographic determination of vitamin K1 and vitamin E in serum." Clinical Chemistry 35, no. 12 (December 1, 1989): 2285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.12.2285.

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Abstract We describe a high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure for the simultaneous measurement of vitamins K1 and E in human serum. Delipidated human serum (free of vitamins K1 and E) was used to make standard solutions of these vitamins, and cetyl naphthoate and alpha-tocopheryl acetate were the internal standards for vitamin K1 and vitamin E, respectively. A simple, novel separation method utilizing liquid-liquid partition chromatography was used as a preparative "clean-up" procedure. Cetyl naphthoate and vitamin K1 (after post-column reduction) were detected by fluorescence, alpha-tocopheryl acetate and vitamin E by ultraviolet absorption. Sensitivity (detection limit) of the assay was 30 pg for vitamin K1 and 5 ng for vitamin E per injection. The method is specific, precise, and more rapid than previously described procedures. Within- and between-assay CVs were 8.1% and 12.9%, respectively, for vitamin K1; 3.5% and 6.0%, respectively, for vitamin E. Analytical recoveries of vitamins K1 and E were 80% and 93%, respectively, from serum and from delipidated serum (standards). The average neonatal serum concentration of vitamin K1 was 83 ng/L, 2.5 mg/L for vitamin E; for normolipidemic adults, the values were 343 ng/L and 7.9 mg/L, respectively, and for hyperlipidemic adults, 541 ng/L and 11.1 mg/L, respectively.
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3

Shephard, G. S., and D. Labadarios. "Degradation of vitamin B6 standard solutions." Clinica Chimica Acta 160, no. 3 (November 1986): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(86)90198-1.

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4

Afolabi, Ayobami Oladele, Olaolu Opeyemi Olotu, and Isiaka Abdullateef Alagbonsi. "Vitamins E and C Alleviate the Germ Cell Loss and Oxidative Stress in Cryptorchidism When Administered Separately but Not When Combined in Rats." ISRN Pharmacology 2012 (October 30, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/843569.

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The antioxidant effects of vitamins C and E on cryptorchidism-induced oxidative stress were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Forty rats (200–250 g) were randomly divided in a blinded fashion into five groups (). Group 1 was sham operated and treated with vehicle (corn-oil, 10 mL/kg). Groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were rendered unilaterally cryptorchid and treated with vehicle (10 mL/kg), vitamin E solution (75 mg/kg), vitamin C solution (1.25 g/kg), and combination of vitamin E (75 mg/kg) and vitamin C (1.25 g/kg) solutions, respectively. Germ cell count, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total protein (TP), and testicular weight (TW) were lower, but malondialdhyde (MDA) was higher in the cryptorchid rats than the sham-operated rats. When administered separately, vitamins C and E increased germ cell count, SOD, TP, and TW but did not reduce MDA in the cryptorchid rats when compared to the vehicle-treated cryptorchid rats. However, there was no significant difference in these parameters between vehicle-treated and combined vitamins C- and E-treated rats. This suggests that vitamins E and C alleviate the germ cell loss and oxidative stress in cryptorchidism when administered separately but not when combined in rats.
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5

Lavoie, Jean-Claude, Philippe Chessex, Thérèse Rouleau, Diane Migneault, and Blandine Comte. "Light-Induced Byproducts of Vitamin C in Multivitamin Solutions." Clinical Chemistry 50, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2003.025338.

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Abstract Background: When solutions of multivitamin preparations (MVPs) are exposed to light, H2O2 as well as organic peroxides are generated and the concentration of vitamin C decreases. The aim of this study was to determine, using mass spectrometry, whether the generation of oxidative byproducts of vitamin C, such as dehydroascorbate (DHA) and 2,3-diketogulonic acid (DKG), accounted for the reported decrease in ascorbic acid in MVPs exposed to light. Methods: Mass spectrometry was used to document the formation of byproducts of ascorbic acid in solutions containing a MVP, vitamin C + riboflavin, and vitamin C + H2O2 + Fe2+. The involvement of ascorbic acid and H2O2 in the formation of organic peroxides was tested by measuring peroxide concentrations in solutions containing H2O2 with or without ascorbic acid and with or without Fe2+ before and after addition of catalase. Results: The loss of ascorbic acid in photo-exposed MVPs was associated with the concomitant generation of byproducts different from DHA and DKG. Among them, one mass fingerprint was particularly observed with solutions of vitamin C + riboflavin exposed to ambient light as well as with the solution of vitamin C + H2O2 + Fe2+, suggesting a Fenton-like reaction. This fingerprint was associated with the formation of catalase-resistant peroxides. Conclusion: Exposure of MVPs to light leads to the rapid loss of ascorbic acid and generation of specific byproducts that differ from DHA and DKG. The conversion of vitamin C into byproducts could be of biological importance in accounting for the decrease in ascorbic acid concentrations and the generation of organic peroxides in light-exposed MVPs.
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6

Giacomelli, Cristiano, Fernando Carlos Giacomelli, Luciano Ortigara Alves, Ana Karina Timbola, and Almir Spinelli. "Electrochemistry of vitamin E hydro-alcoholic solutions." Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 15, no. 5 (October 2004): 748–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-50532004000500022.

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7

Kondratyuk, V. V., and V. A. Polyakova. "Concentration of vitamin solutions by membrane distillation." Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal 27, no. 10 (October 1993): 713–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00780551.

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8

Marks, Ray. "Vitamin C and obesity: problems and solutions." Advances in Obesity, Weight Management & Control 11, no. 6 (November 11, 2021): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00353.

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Obesity, a largely intractable health condition with incalculable health and financial and social costs and ramifications remains an immense challenge to mitigate effectively. Multiple interventions to offset obesity, and to mitigate its negative impact, while studied and implemented for many years, have generally failed to eliminate this growing global epidemic. Alternately, interventions that can limit the onset of obesity, or help to reduce this where present, including efforts to contain pain, depression, and lack of energy, would appear of high significance. Studied for over 40 years, various anti oxidants are proving to be of possible adjunctive benefit in efforts to reduce excess weight, and associated inflammatory responses, pain, and depression that are encountered by overweight persons. This mini review discusses some findings regarding vitamin C or ascorbic acid, a key ingredient of fruits and vegetables, and whether more emphasis on ensuring adequate vitamin C intake has a possible role in attenuating selected correlates of the global obesity burden. Extracted from current literature, it is concluded that this is a field of significant promise, but one requiring more insightful research, multiple intervention approaches, and dedicated collaborators.
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9

Hayes, Aoife, and Kevin D. Cashman. "Food-based solutions for vitamin D deficiency: putting policy into practice and the key role for research." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 76, no. 1 (October 25, 2016): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665116000756.

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Recent re-evaluations of dietary reference values (DRV) for vitamin D have established intake requirements between 10 and 20 µg/d. National nutrition surveys indicate that habitual mean intakes of vitamin D in the population are typically in the range 3–7 µg/d. As vitamin D supplementation will not be effective at a population level because the uptake is generally low, creative food-based solutions are needed to bridge the gap between current intakes and these new requirement values. The overarching aim of this review is to highlight how food-based solutions can have an important role in bridging this gap and counteracting vitamin D inadequacy in Europe and elsewhere. The present review initially briefly overviews very recent new European DRV for vitamin D and, while not in agreement on requirement estimates, how they point very clearly to the need for food-based solutions. The review discusses the need for traditional fortification of foods in the dairy and other sectors, and finally overviews recent advances in the area of biofortification of food with vitamin D. In conclusion, increasing vitamin D intakes across the population distribution is important from a public health perspective to reduce the high degree of inadequacy of vitamin D intake in Europe. Fortification, including biofortification, of a wider range of foods, which accommodate diversity, is likely to have the potential to increase vitamin D intakes across the population distribution. Research has had, and will continue to have, a key role in terms of developing food-based solutions and tackling vitamin D deficiency.
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10

Frost, Peter. "The Problem of Vitamin D Scarcity: Cultural and Genetic Solutions by Indigenous Arctic and Tropical Peoples." Nutrients 14, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 4071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14194071.

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Vitamin D metabolism differs among human populations because our species has adapted to different natural and cultural environments. Two environments are particularly difficult for the production of vitamin D by the skin: the Arctic, where the skin receives little solar UVB over the year; and the Tropics, where the skin is highly melanized and blocks UVB. In both cases, natural selection has favored the survival of those individuals who use vitamin D more efficiently or have some kind of workaround that ensures sufficient uptake of calcium and other essential minerals from food passing through the intestines. Vitamin D scarcity has either cultural or genetic solutions. Cultural solutions include consumption of meat in a raw or boiled state and extended breastfeeding of children. Genetic solutions include higher uptake of calcium from the intestines, higher rate of conversion of vitamin D to its most active form, stronger binding of vitamin D to carrier proteins in the bloodstream, and greater use of alternative metabolic pathways for calcium uptake. Because their bodies use vitamin D more sparingly, indigenous Arctic and Tropical peoples can be misdiagnosed with vitamin D deficiency and wrongly prescribed dietary supplements that may push their vitamin D level over the threshold of toxicity.
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11

Sysuev, E. B., E. F. Stepanova, and V. D. Noskova. "OPTIMIZATION TECHNOLOGY OF FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS PRODUCTION BASED ON ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS." Pharmacy & Pharmacology 10, no. 3 (July 24, 2022): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2022-10-3-255-266.

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In the group of fat-soluble vitamins, vitamin D is one of the most relevant objects, that is why the problem of its technology optimization is under consideration. In general, there is a number of ways to obtain this substance, although it is not produced in Russia yet.The aim of the study was to select optimal process conditions to increase the efficiency of protein transformation with the isolation of a fat fraction containing fat-soluble vitamin D.Materials and methods. Various types of fish and the vitamins contained in them are described as the main research models. Variants of technological solutions have been considered: the possibility of using extraction to obtain the vitamin D substance has been tested. Classical maceration and intensifying maceration have been used; the circulating extraction method and the alkaline hydrolysis method have been applied. The yield of the target product has been determined by HPLC.Results. Methods for obtaining the substance of fat-soluble vitamin D from fish raw materials have been considered in detail. The optimal technological characteristics of the vitamin release by alkaline hydrolysis with a 12.5% decrease in the concentration of the hydrolyzing alkaline component – potassium hydroxide – has been established; that concentration ensured the maximum yield of the fat fraction containing vitamin D.Conclusion. The use of the resulting substance makes it possible to develop domestic standard samples applicable both in the pharmaceutical field and in the field of technical regulation.
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12

Sawhney, Tia Goss. "No Spot Solutions: Vitamin A Supplementation in India." American Journal of Public Health 102, no. 11 (November 2012): e3-e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2012.301011.

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13

Mcgee, C. D., M. G. Mascarenhas, M. J. Ostro, G. Tsallas, and K. N. Jeejeebhoy. "Selenium and Vitamin E Stability in Parenteral Solutions." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 9, no. 5 (September 1985): 568–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148607185009005568.

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14

Arzamastsev, A. P., N. B. Grigor'ev, S. K. Ordabaeva, A. P. Ryzhenkova, A. V. Degterev, and T. P. Arystanova. "Polarographic determination of vitamin U in formaldehyde solutions." Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal 28, no. 5 (May 1994): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02218434.

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15

YAMADA, YOSIHIRO, HIROAKI NAGURA, YUZURU ITO, KEN ANEZAKI, JUNICHI NIHASHI, HIRONAO SAJIKI, KOSAKU HIROTA, and HISAKUNI HASHIMOTO. "Photo-stability of Cefotaxime in Aqueous Vitamin Solutions." Japanese Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 22, no. 6 (1996): 547–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5649/jjphcs1975.22.547.

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16

Rizkayanti, Rizkayanti, Anang Wahid M. Diah, and Minarni Rama Jura. "Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Air dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera LAM)." Jurnal Akademika Kimia 6, no. 2 (December 8, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24775185.2017.v6.i2.9244.

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Moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leaves contains many molecules as inhibitors for free radicals such as phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, quinones, coumarins, lignans, stilbenes, tannins), nitrogen compounds (alkaloids, amines, betalain), vitamins, terpenoids (including carotenoids), and several other endogenous metabolites as antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant potency of water and ethanol extracts of moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leave obtained by maceration and dekok. The concentration of free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer after addition of various concentrations of Moringa leaves extracts. Various concentrations of moringa leave extracts used were 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 80 ppm. Vitamin C solutions as the positive control were prepared on similar various concentrations. The negative control was prepared using DPPH solutions dissolved in absolute ethanol. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of moringa leaves prepared by maceration method showed the antioxidant potency with an IC50 value of 22.1818 ppm, but the IC50 value of water extract of moringa leaves prepared by dekok was 57.5439 ppm. While, the IC50 value of Vitamin C was 8.8084 ppm. Based on the IC50 data it can be concluded that Vitamin C is a stronger antioxidant than moringa leaves extracts.
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17

Günel, Zehra. "Enrichment of potato slices with vitamins C and D by vacuum impregnation." Food and Health 8, no. 3 (2022): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3153/fh22018.

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This study aims to enrich the potato slices with vitamins C and D, whose beneficial effects on human health have been proven by literature studies, using the vacuum impregnation method. For this purpose, the vitamin contents and antioxidant capacities of potato samples vacuum impregnated with solutions containing vitamins C and D were determined. In addition, the samples were cooked by steaming and deep-fried, cooking losses were determined, and sensory analyzes were carried out on the cooked samples. While the vitamin C content of potato slices without vacuum impregnation was determined as 14.13±0.08 mg/100g, this amount was increased by 65% with the vacuum impregnation process and determined as 39.42±0.15 mg/100g. The vitamin D contents of the potato slices, which were below the limit of detection value (LOD) in the control sample, were increased approximately six times by the vacuum impregnation process. The antioxidant capacity values of the vacuum impregnated samples were also increased (approximately 23% in the DPPH method and approximately 6.5% in the ABTS method) compared to the control sample. While very low losses were observed in the vitamin content in the steam cooking method, the vitamin D content was reduced by half in the frying process. As a result of sensory analysis, no statistical difference was found between the vacuum-impregnated samples and the control sample. When the general appreciation scores were evaluated, the most liked samples by the panelists were deep-fried.
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18

Efriani, Efriani, Nurlaela Nurlaela, Irawan Irawan, Putra TA, and Hadi Hadi. "The Relationship of Sociodemographic Characteristics Toward the Level of Vitamin Swamedication Knowledge in the Community at A Pharmacy X, Cirebon Regency." Jurnal Medisci 1, no. 2 (October 16, 2023): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.62885/medisci.v1i2.80.

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Knowledge of a person's health determines behaviour when seeking treatment. Vitamin swamedication is a swamedication activity that uses vitamins needed by the body for normal metabolic processes and growth. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and the level of knowledge of vitamin swamedication at Apotek X, Cirebon Regency. The method used is a cross sectional method with a sampling technique of consecutive sampling as many as 80 respondents. The data were analyzed by Spearman test using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25. The results showed the sociodemographic characteristics of the majority of respondents aged 26-45 years (44%), female gender (65%), education level SMA/SMK/MA (49%), and 55% of other occupations. Having sufficient knowledge level (63%) and having a relationship between sociodemographic characteristics in the form of education level with knowledge level of vitamin swamedication with p-value = 0.015 (p<0.05). The conclusion of the study is that there is a significant relationship between the level of education and the level of knowledge of vitamin swamedication.
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19

L, Efriani, Nurlaela S, Irawan A, Putra TA, Hadi I, and Marfuati S. "The Relationship of Sociodemographic Characteristics Toward the Level of Vitamin Swamedication Knowledge in the Community at A Pharmacy X, Cirebon Regency." Jurnal Medisci 1, no. 4 (February 16, 2024): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.62885/medisci.v1i4.197.

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Knowledge of a person's health determines behavior when seeking treatment. Vitamin self-medication is a self-medication activity that uses vitamins needed by the body for normal metabolic processes and growth. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and the level of knowledge of vitamin self-medication at Apotek X, Cirebon Regency. The method used is a cross sectional method with a sampling technique of consecutive sampling as many as 80 respondents. The data were analyzed by Spearman test using Statistical Product And Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25. The results showed the sociodemographic characteristics of the majority of respondents aged 26-45 years (44%), female gender (65%), education level SMA/SMK/MA ( 49%), and 55% of other occupations. Having sufficient knowledge level (63%) and having a relationship between sociodemographic characteristics in the form of education level with knowledge level of vitamin self-medication with pValue = 0.015 (p<0.05). The conclusion of the study is that there is a significant relationship between the level of education and the level of knowledge of vitamin self-medication
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20

Mutyala, Shrilekha S., Urvashi P. Manik, and Paritosh L. Mishra. "Thermo-Acoustical Study of Ascorbic Acid Interactions in Aqueous Solutions with Glycine and Glucose." Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences 12, no. 2 (April 19, 2024): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2024/v12i2221.

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The Manuscript aims to show the noticeable and remarkable nature of intermolecular interaction that exists in the aqueous solution of Vitamin C + Glucose/Glycine at 2 MHz frequency. The Major data of ultrasonic velocity and density in Vitamin C+ Glucose /Glycine at various temperatures like (283K-298K) at different concentrations ranging from (0.02 to 0.2 Mol/kg). Experiment data have been used to evaluate some important parameters like Adiabatic compressibility, acoustic impedance, Relative Association, Relaxation strength, Internal pressure, and solubility Parameters which provide valuable information. The result explains the structure-making breaking tendency and confirms the existence of solute-solvent interaction in (Vitamin C+ Glucose + H2O) rather than (Vitamin C + Glycine + H2O) because of the H-bonding present in their solution. A higher mass fraction is given stronger molecular interaction. According to these the proper combination of Vitamin C + glucose repair the human body cell and fast recovery from disease.
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21

Shohin, I. E., E. A. Malashenko, Yu V. Medvedev, M. N. Bogachuk, S. A. Kulakov, and M. A. Paleeva. "HPLC-UV Method Development and Validation for Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) Quantitation in Drugs and Dietary Supplements." Drug development & registration 10, no. 2 (May 29, 2021): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2021-10-2-87-99.

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Introduction. An inadequate diet and living in the northern regions can lead to a lack of vitamin D3 and the development of diseases, including a decrease in immunity. To compensate for the lack of vitamin D, vitamin drugs are used that contain vitamin D in one of its active forms (usually in the form of cholecalciferol, vitamin D3).Aim. To develop and validate HPLC-UV method for the determination of vitamin D3 in vitamin drugs and to evaluate the content of cholecalciferol in selected drugs anddietary supplements presented in the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. Determination of vitamin D3 was carried out by HPLC with UV detection at a wavelength 266 nm. Sample preparation of vitamin drugs was carried out by extraction with methanol (for liquid dosage forms based on aqueous or triglyceride solutions) and extraction with an aqueous-methanol solution (for solid dosage forms based on water-soluble substances with vitamin D3) in a ratio of 2 to 8 (water-methanol).Results and discussions. The analysis methodology for the parameter "Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) content" in vitamin dosage forms by HPLC was validated according to the following validation parameters: specificity; accuracy; precision; linearity; range.Conclusion. The analysis methodology for the parameter "Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) content" in vitamin dosage forms by HPLC was developed. The method was validated according to the following validation parameters: specificity; accuracy; precision; linearity; range. The range of the method was 9,5–38 μg/ml. The method was used to determine vitamin D3 in vitamin drugs based on water-soluble forms of vitamin D3, in the form of aqueous solutions and form of fatty acids triglyceridessolutions.
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22

Temova Rakuša, Žane, Mitja Pišlar, Albin Kristl, and Robert Roškar. "Comprehensive Stability Study of Vitamin D3 in Aqueous Solutions and Liquid Commercial Products." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 5 (April 25, 2021): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13050617.

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Vitamin D3 has numerous beneficial effects, such as musculoskeletal, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective. However, its instability is the main obstacle to formulating quality products. Despite increased attention and growing use, data on vitamin D3 stability is scarce because data from individual studies is inconclusive and mostly qualitative. Therefore, we have systematically investigated the influence of various factors (temperature, light, oxygen, pH, concentration, and metal ions) on its stability in aqueous media using a stability-indicating HPLC-UV method. First-order kinetics fitted its degradation under all tested conditions except light and oxygen. In both cases, the established models in chemical kinetics were inappropriate and upgraded with the Weibull model. Metal ions and acidic conditions had the main destabilizing effect on vitamin D3 in aqueous media, but these solutions were successfully stabilized after the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), ascorbic acid, and citric acid, individually and in combination. EDTA showed the most significant stabilizing effect. Synergism among antioxidants was not observed. Our findings on vitamin D3 instability in aqueous media also correlated with its instability in commercial products. Vitamin D3 aqueous products require proper stabilization, thereby signifying the importance and contribution of the obtained results to the formulation of stable and quality products.
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23

Pátkai, Gy, I. Körmendy, and A. Körmendy-Domján. "Vitamin C decomposition kinetics in solutions, modelling citrus juices." Acta Alimentaria 31, no. 2 (May 2002): 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aalim.31.2002.2.3.

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24

Riggle, Martha A., and Richard B. Brandt. "Decrease of Available Vitamin A in Parenteral Nutrition Solutions." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 10, no. 4 (July 1986): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148607186010004388.

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25

Dad, Shakeela, Roger H. Bisby, Ian P. Clark, and Anthony W. Parker. "Formation of singlet oxygen from solutions of vitamin E." Free Radical Research 40, no. 3 (January 2006): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10715760500491174.

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26

Yan, Hui, and Noémie Barbier. "Vitamin C stabilized in lysozyme and CTAB aqueous solutions." Journal of Molecular Liquids 313 (September 2020): 113575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113575.

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27

Martínez-Ortiz, F., A. Romero, and J. Vera. "Electrochemical behaviour of vitamin U in aqueous buffered solutions." Electrochimica Acta 36, no. 13 (January 1991): 1925–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(91)85074-h.

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Pátkai, Gy, I. Körmendy, and A. Körmendy-Domján. "Vitamin C decomposition kinetics in solutions, modelling citrus juices." Acta Alimentaria 31, no. 2 (June 2002): 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/066.2002.31.2.3.

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29

Carr, Anitra, Christina Wohlrab, Paul Young, and Rinaldo Bellomo. "Stability of intravenous vitamin C solutions: a technical report." Critical Care and Resuscitation 20, no. 3 (September 2018): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1441-2772(23)00688-9.

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Cortés-Herrera, Carolina, Andrea Chacón, Graciela Artavia, and Fabio Granados-Chinchilla. "Simultaneous LC/MS Analysis of Carotenoids and Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Costa Rican Avocados (Persea americana Mill.)." Molecules 24, no. 24 (December 10, 2019): 4517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244517.

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Avocado (a fruit that represents a billion-dollar industry) has become a relevant crop in global trade. The benefits of eating avocados have also been thoroughly described as they contain important nutrients needed to ensure biological functions. For example, avocados contain considerable amounts of vitamins and other phytonutrients, such as carotenoids (e.g., β-carotene), which are fat-soluble. Hence, there is a need to assess accurately these types of compounds. Herein we describe a method that chromatographically separates commercial standard solutions containing both fat-soluble vitamins (vitamin A acetate and palmitate, Vitamin D2 and D3, vitamin K1, α-, δ-, and γ-vitamin E isomers) and carotenoids (β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, β-carotene, and lycopene) effectively (i.e., analytical recoveries ranging from 80.43% to 117.02%, for vitamins, and from 43.80% to 108.63%). We optimized saponification conditions and settled at 80 °C using 1 mmol KOH L−1 ethanol during 1 h. We used a non-aqueous gradient that included methanol and methyl tert-butyl ether (starting at an 80:20 ratio) and a C30 chromatographic column to achieve analyte separation (in less than 40 min) and applied this method to avocado, a fruit that characteristically contains both types of compounds. We obtained a method with good linearity at the mid to low range of the mg L−1 (determination coefficients 0.9006–0.9964). To determine both types of compounds in avocado, we developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins based on liquid chromatography and single quadrupole mass detection (LC/MS). From actual avocado samples, we found relevant concentrations for cholecalciferol (ranging from 103.5 to 119.5), δ-tocopherol (ranging from 6.16 to 42.48), and lutein (ranging from 6.41 to 15.13 mg/100 g dry weight basis). Simmonds cultivar demonstrated the higher values for all analytes (ranging from 0.03 (zeaxanthin) to 119.5 (cholecalciferol) mg/100 g dry weight basis).
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Keskin, Nurhan, Ozkan Kaya, Fadime Ates, Metin Turan, and Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa. "Drying Grapes after the Application of Different Dipping Solutions: Effects on Hormones, Minerals, Vitamins, and Antioxidant Enzymes in Gök Üzüm (Vitis vinifera L.) Raisins." Plants 11, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040529.

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(1) Background: Raisins contain a wide range of hormones, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidant enzymes that may contribute to the health benefits of consumers. (2) Methods: The aim of this research was to compare the hormone, mineral, vitamin, and antioxidant capacities of Gök Üzüm (Vitis vinifera L.) raisins immersed in oak ash (OA) and potassium carbonate (PC) dipping solutions before drying. (3) Results: Abscisic acid (ABA) (5751.18–11,868.40 ng g−1) and riboflavin (95.17–135.54 mg 100 g−1) were the most abundant hormone and vitamin quantified in Gök Üzüm raisins. Glutathione S-transferase (540.07–744.85 EU gr berry−1), 6-glucose phosphate dehydrogenase (214.50–317.43 EU gr berry−1), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (208.25–241.86 EU gr berry−1) enzymes presented the highest antioxidant activity in the samples. Raisins obtained after drying by immersion in OA presented higher indol-3-acetic acid (IAA), ABA, salicylic acid (SA), cytokinins (CK), and zeatin contents; glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), 6 glucose phosphate dehydrogenase (6GPD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activity; vitamin B1, B2, B6, C, and A contents; and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), potassium (K), iron (Fe), sodium (Na), and magnesium (Mg) levels compared to the grapes dried after PC applications. (4) Conclusions: Drying Gök Üzüm grapes after the application of OA dipping solution promotes a higher content of hormones, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidant enzymes compared to PC treatments. These results could help raisin producers to make decisions when using a dipping solution to dry grapes.
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Abdallah, M., K. A. Soliman, Arej S. Al-Gorair, A. Al Bahir, Jabir H. Al-Fahemi, M. S. Motawea, and Salih S. Al-Juaid. "Enhancing the inhibition and adsorption performance of SABIC iron corrosion in sulfuric acid by expired vitamins. Experimental and computational approach." RSC Advances 11, no. 28 (2021): 17092–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra01010g.

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The inhibition potency of expired thiamine or vitamin B1 (VB1) and riboflavin or vitamin B2 (VB2) against SABIC iron corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions was investigated using chemical and electrochemical techniques.
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Berger, Mette M., Olivier Pantet, Antoine Schneider, and Nawfel Ben-Hamouda. "Micronutrient Deficiencies in Medical and Surgical Inpatients." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 7 (June 28, 2019): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070931.

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Inpatients are threatened by global malnutrition, but also by specific micronutrient (i.e., trace element and vitamins) deficiencies that frequently are overseen in the differential diagnosis of major organ dysfunctions. Some of them are related to specific geographic risks (iodine, iron, selenium, zinc, vitamin A), while others are pathology related, and finally many are associated with specific feeding patterns, including low dose enteral feeding. Among the pathologies in which laboratory blood investigations should include a micronutrient outwork, anemia is in the front line, followed by obesity with bariatric surgery, chronic liver disease, kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiomyopathies and heart failure. The micronutrients at the highest risk are iron, zinc, thiamine, vitamin B12 and vitamin C. Admission to hospital has been linked with an additional risk of malnutrition—feeding below 1500 kcal/day was frequent and has been associated with a structural additional risk of insufficient micronutrient intake to cover basal needs. Although not evidence based, systematic administration of liberal thiamine doses upon admission, and daily complementation of inpatients’ food and enteral feeding solutions with multi-micronutrient tablets might be considered.
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Xavier, Josilda de França, Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo, Márcia Rejane de Queiroz Almeida Azevedo, Jacqueline da Silva Mendes, Josely Dantas Fernandes, and Antonio Fernandes Monteiro Filho. "Evaluation of vitamin C, nitrate and chlorophyll content determined in lettuce (Thaís, Vanda, Verônica) cultivated in hydroponic system using wastewater." June 2019, no. 13(06) 2019 (June 20, 2019): 934–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.06.p1682.

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The objective of this work was to determine the levels of vitamin C, nitrate and chlorophyll in three lettuce cultivars in a hydroponic system using waste- and well-water. The experiment was conducted in a hydroponic system using laminar flow technique and nutrients in a protected environment. The experimental design was randomized blocks with treatments set up in split-plots with three replications, whose main plots devoted to lettuce cultivars and sub-plots to hydroponic solutions. The experimental solutions consisted of 7 nutrients (S): S1=Furlani solution, S2=domestic wastewater, S3=optimized domestic wastewater, S4 =well water S5 =optimized well water; S6 = reactor wastewater solution and S7 =optimized reactor wastewater solution and the subplot for the three cultivars of iceberg lettuce (Verônica, Vanda, and Thais). The following variables were determined: nitrate, vitamin C and chlorophyll content using the method described by Lichtenthaler. The results indicated that highest content of vitamin C was found in the Vanda cultivar using the S1 solution. For Veronica cultivar, the highest levels of vitamin C were observed at solutions S1, S2, S3, S4, and S7. The solutions S2 and S3 did not differ from one another in all three cultivars. For the Vanda cultivar, solutions S1, S4 and S7 were the ones that promoted the highest levels of nitrate, 4.61; 3, 32 and 2.64 g kg-1, respectively. Evaluating the effect of the solution within the cultivars, we verified that the highest nitrate values obtained from S2 nutrition for cultivars Thais and Verônica. Regarding the S5 solution, the Verônica cultivar presented the highest concentration of this nutrient. The cultivate Thaís, the highest contents of chlorophyll b were found in solutions S7, S6, S4, S3 and S2, where they did not differ significantly. Regarding to Vanda cultivar the highest values of chlorophyll b were present in solutions S2 and S5. The Verônica cultivar independent of the solution used presented the same values of this pigment.
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Kalathil, Josin, Aubrey Kuehnel, and Glen Greenough. "1005 The hunt for solutions to daytime sleepiness in the setting of treated obstructive sleep apnea." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2023): A442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.1005.

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Abstract Introduction There is a possible association between OSA and vitamin D deficiency (Neighbors 2018). Vitamin D deficiency is associated with fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (Bouloukaki 2022). Vitamin D deficiency might play a role in the residual fatigue or sleepiness seen in some patients with treated OSA. Report of case(s) We present a 28 year old female with RLS, anxiety and mild OSA with persistent daytime fatigue and sleepiness despite optimal treatment of OSA. She was evaluated for OSA via a HST due to symptoms of snoring, overnight awakenings, non-restorative sleep, and EDS (Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) of 11/24). The HST revealed mild OSA (REI 4% of 11). Bloodwork revealed a ferritin of 31 ng/mL. She was treated with autoPAP 5-15 cm and daily ferrous sulfate 325 mg. At follow-up she reported significant improvement in her RLS. Repeat ferritin level was 59 ng/ml and continued iron supplementation was recommended. Despite 98% (40/41 days) compliance and effective treatment of OSA with residual AHI of 0.9, she continued to report persistent daytime fatigue and EDS. Given the residual symptoms we checked a vitamin D level which was reduced at 7 ng/mL (21-100 ng/mL). Conclusion We identified in the sleep medicine literature a case report of a 28 yo patient with EDS who had significant improvement in symptoms after her vitamin D deficiency (5.9 ng/mL) was treated. This woman had improvement in her ESS from 10/24 to 1/24 (McCarty 2010). This patient, however, did not have OSA which was the case with our patient. This report speculated that a possible mechanism for clinical improvement could include enhanced sleep quality due to resolution of hypovitaminosis D-associated non-inflammatory myopathy, or a possible immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D decreasing central nervous system homeostatic sleep pressure. Residual fatigue and EDS in the treatment of OSA may have multiple causes for which a comprehensive approach can help identify and treat the underlying cause. Support (if any) Vitamin D and obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis(Neighbors 2018) Vitamin D levels in primary care patients: correlations with clinical, seasonal, and quality-of-life parameters(Bouloukaki 2022) Resolution of Hypersomnia Following Identification and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency(McCarty 2010)
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Kiseleva, Irina Sergeevna, and Natalia Vladimirovna Gorbunova. "Study of effect of antioxidants and dietary fibres on microbiological and physico-chemical properties of meat semi-finished products." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 10 (October 25, 2023): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp179-183.

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Statistics show that 60-70% of the country's population has a constant deficiency of essential substances, especially vitamin C, 40-60% have a lack of ?-carotene, 30-40% of the population suffer from a lack of vitamins of groups B and E, and in several regions a serious lack of selenium, iodine and fiber has been identified. One of the possible solutions is the selection of promising sources of meat raw materials with high hygienic, functional and technological indicators and the development of functional meat products using antioxidants of vegetable origin and dietary fiber.
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Dmitriev, A. V., and A. E. Shestopalov. "Vitamins and trace elements as essential components of parenteral nutrition." Medical alphabet, no. 28 (November 18, 2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2020-28-50-55.

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In certain clinical situations, the usual food intake is impossible, insufficient or contraindicated, which causes nutritional deficiency with a deficiency of all macro- and micronutrients, and worsens the prognosis and treatment results. In such cases, parenteral nutrition (PN) is used to compensate for the deficiency of nutrients. Complex parenteral nutrition, along with macronutrients (amino acid solutions, fat emulsions and carbohydrates), includes solutions of vitamins (multivitamins, MVC) and trace elements (trace elements complexes, TEC). The aim of this work was to review the results of studies over the past 30 years on the clinical use of MVC and TEC for injections within the framework of the international ASPEN and ESPEN recommendations for the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases and pathological conditions accompanied by vitamin and trace elements deficiency, including full or partial PN. In accordance with international recommendations based on the results of most randomized clinical trials, the use of MVC and TEC allows preventing and eliminating vitamin and trace elements deficiency during long-term complete and/or partial PN, accelerating the recovery process of patients in critical conditions, and reducing the time spent in the ICU and in the clinic as a whole, to reduce the number of complications and mortality.
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38

Ostapiv, R. D., and V. І. Tkachenko. "OPTIMIZATION OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS TO SEPARATE WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS." Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2020-21-1.18.

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Vitamins are widely used in veterinary medicine, in particular, as components of premixes, feeds and feed additives to increase the productivity of farm animals. Most of these feed additives are a complex amino acid and vitamin mixtures (of ten active substances or more) based on the matrix of plant or animal origin, which can be enriched with protein. When the analyst is faced with the difficult task of analyzing such a mixture, it is usually necessary to use several variants of the HPLC method (high-performance liquid chromatography), which increases the time and cost of analysis of the premix or feed additive. The aim of this work was to optimize the validated method of analysis of riboflavin in premixes and feed additives available in the laboratory for simultaneous (during one chromatographic separation) determination of the content of the maximum amount of water-soluble vitamins. A Waters liquid chromatograph equipped with an Alliance 2690 separation module with a PAD 996 diode array detector was used for separation. Water-soluble vitamins were separated on a Luna Omega Polar C18 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm chromatographic column. As solvents were used 0.05 M phosphate buffer pH 3.0 and 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution (for folic acid). The article describes the stages of liquid chromatographic separation parameters optimization of twelve vitamins and vitamin-like substances (thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, flavin mononucleotide phosphate, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, calcuim pantothenate, phosidinobacino acidorinolobin, hydrocyanide). Chromatograms of standard samples solutions are given, which show the specificity of the technique. Isocratic and gradient elution schemes are investigated. Some parameters of chromatographic peaks under conditions of gradient separation of vitamins are estimated. The parameters of the chromatographic peaks do not exceed the limits recommended in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (SPU 2.0), that will allow to further carry out a more complete validation of the method for quantitative determination of water-soluble vitamins in various complex matrices: injection and oral solutions, feeds and premixes.
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Rusu, Cristina Marcela, Maricel Agop, and Genoveva–Livia Baroi. "Theoretical and Experimental Study of B3 Vitamin in Binary Solutions." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 12, no. 10 (October 1, 2015): 3246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2015.4108.

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40

THOMAS, D. G., S. L. JAMES, A. FUDGE, C. ODGERS, J. TEUBNER, and K. SIMMER. "Delivery of Vitamin A from parenteral nutrition solutions in neonates." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 27, no. 3 (June 1991): 180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.1991.tb00382.x.

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41

Grissom, Charles B., Alexander M. Chagovetz, and Zhaolin Wang. "Use of Viscosigens to Stabilize Vitamin B12 Solutions against Photolysis." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 82, no. 6 (June 1993): 641–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600820619.

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Agustina, Sela, Pristiyono Pristiyono, and Hayanuddin Safri. "INDONESIAN SCHOLARPLAN : CREATIVE SOLUTIONS TO INCREASE VEGETABLE CULTIVATION COMPETENCIES EARLY IN CLASS 3 AND 4 MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH AL-IKHLAS DUSUN SIDOMULYO." Abdi Dosen : Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat 6, no. 4 (November 12, 2022): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/abdidos.v6i4.1518.

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Vegetables are a general term for plant foods that usually contain high water content, vegetables are very beneficial for health, development and growth, especially consumed for children, especially elementary school age who are still in the period of development and growth, the nutrients contained in vegetables are: Fiber is needed by our body for metabolic processes. In addition to fiber, vegetables also contain vitamins needed to prevent various diseases such as night blindness (lack of vitamin A), beriberi (lack of vitamin B), canker sores (lack of vitamin C), and others. For this reason, socialization of vegetable cultivation is carried out so that students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Ikhlas know and understand the meaning of vegetables, types of vegetables, benefits and content contained in vegetables, the impact of not consuming vegetables, and how to grow vegetables properly and correctly. The method used in the PKM program at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Ikhlas in Sidomulyo Hamlet is to increase students' knowledge of the importance of consuming vegetables, carried out by the lecture method, namely by providing an explanation accompanied by material that has been prepared previously in the form of power points, the discussion method is question and answer between the presenters and students about the material that has been delivered, and the training method is the practice of how to grow vegetables from preparing planting media, selecting seeds, nursery, and planting. The results of the socialization activities were that students were very enthusiastic about participating in the socialization and listening and paying close attention when the service team delivered material to practice vegetable cultivation methods.
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43

Adebayo, Folasade A., Suvi T. Itkonen, Taina Öhman, Mairead Kiely, Kevin D. Cashman, and Christel Lamberg-Allardt. "Safety of Vitamin D Food Fortification and Supplementation: Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies." Foods 10, no. 12 (December 9, 2021): 3065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10123065.

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The safety considerations of food-based solutions for vitamin D deficiency prevention, such as fortification and supplementation, are critical. On the basis of collective data from 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 20 national healthy surveys, as well as prospective cohort studies (PCSs) across the ODIN project (“Food-based solutions for optimal vitamin D nutrition and health through the life cycle”, FP7-613977), we analyzed the potential safety issues arising from vitamin D intakes and/or supplementation. These adverse consequences included high serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) concentrations (>125 nmol/L), high serum calcium concentrations, and vitamin D intakes in excess of the tolerable upper intake levels (ULs). In the RCTs (n = 3353, with vitamin D doses from 5–175 µg/day), there were no reported adverse effects. The prevalence of high S-25(OH)D was <10% when vitamin D supplements were administered, and <0.1% for fortified foods. Elevated serum calcium was observed among <0.5% in both administration types. No ODIN RCT participants exceeded the age-specific ULs. In observational studies (n = 61,082), the prevalence of high 25(OH)D among children/adolescents, adults, and older adults was <0.3%, with no evidence of adverse effects. In conclusion, high S-25(OH)D concentrations >125 nmol/L were rare in the RCTs and PCSs, and no associated adverse effects were observed.
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44

Çimen, Duygu, and Adil Denizli. "Development of Rapid, Sensitive, and Effective Plasmonic Nanosensor for the Detection of Vitamins in Infact Formula and Milk Samples." Photonic Sensors 10, no. 4 (March 6, 2020): 316–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13320-020-0578-1.

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Abstract The aim of the present study is to develop a surface plasmon resonance sensor for the detection of vitamin B2, vitamin B9, and vitamin B12 in food samples by using the molecular imprinting technique. The vitamin B2, vitamin B9, and vitamin B12 imprinted and the non-imprinted surface plasmon resonance sensor chip surfaces were characterized by using contact angle measurements, atomic force microscopy, ellipsometry, and Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance. The real-time detection of vitamin B2, vitamin B9, and vitamin B12 was analyzed by using aqueous solutions in the concentration range of 0.01 ng/mL − 10 ng/mL for vitamin B2, 0.1 ng/mL − 8.0 ng/mL for vitamin B9, and 0.01 ng/mL − 1.5 ng/mL for vitamin B12. The limit of detection values was calculated as 1.6×10−4 ng/mL for vitamin B2, 13.5×10−4 ng/mL for vitamin B9, and 2.5×10−4 ng/mL for vitamin B12, respectively. Selectivity experiments were performed by using vitamin B1 and vitamin B6. The reproducibility of surface plasmon resonance sensors was investigated both on the same day and on different days for four times. Validation studies of the prepared surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors were performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
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45

Pradi Vendruscolo, Eduardo, and Alexsander Seleguini. "Effects of vitamin pre-sowing treatment on sweet maize seedlings irrigated with saline water." Acta Agronómica 69, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/acag.v69n1.67528.

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Salinity stress represents an obstacle for the production of plants of commercial interest, including sweet maize. Among the techniques used to suppress the effects caused by excess salts in the soil is the exogenous application of vitamins. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the pre-sowing treatment of sweet maize seeds in solutions of thiamine, niacin and these two vitamins combined on the development of the plants irrigated with saline water. The treatments were composed by the 24 h pre-sowing treatment with water, thiamine solution (thiamine 100 mg L-1), niacin solution (niacin 100 mg L-1) and a combined solution with these two vitamins (thiamine 50 mg L-1 + niacin 50 mg L-1) irrigated with saline water. A control (pre-sowing treatment with water and irrigation with non-saline water) was also used. It was observed that salinity stress affects the sweet maize initial development. Application of isolate thiamine or niacin and its combined application improves the relative contents of chlorophyll ‘a’ and total, height of shoot, leaf number, diameter of stem and shoot, root and total dry matter, reducing dry matter losses by 8.89%, 25.46% and 39.60%, respectively. Soaking seeds for 24 h in thiamine and niacin solutions improve the initial growth of sweet maize plants under salt stress and a combined vitamin solution (thiamine 50 mg L-1 + niacin 50 mg L-1) effectively reduces the salt stress negative effect on the initial development of these plants.
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Devito, Victoria, John W. Reynolds, Gerda I. Benda, and Christina Carlson. "Serum Vitamin E Levels in Very Low-Birth Weight Infants Receiving Vitamin E in Parenteral Nutrition Solutions." Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 10, no. 1 (January 1986): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014860718601000163.

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47

Malesa-Ciećwierz, Małgorzata, and Zygmunt Usydus. "Vitamin D: Can fish food–based solutions be used for reduction of vitamin D deficiency in Poland?" Nutrition 31, no. 1 (January 2015): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2014.07.003.

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48

Adler, A. J., and G. M. Berlyne. "Duodenal aluminum absorption in the rat: effect of vitamin D." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 249, no. 2 (August 1, 1985): G209—G213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1985.249.2.g209.

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Aluminum absorption by the duodenum was studied with an in vivo isolated gut segment technique in vitamin D-deficient and vitamin D-replete rats. Aluminum uptake could be resolved into saturable and nonsaturable components. Both groups demonstrated an identical nonsaturable mechanism with an aluminum uptake of approximately 23% of the amount perfused per 100 mg dry intestinal weight. Saturable absorption was significantly lower in the vitamin D-deficient group (Jmax 6.9 +/- 1.4 microM X h-1 X 100 mg dry wt-1) than in the vitamin D-replete group (Jmax 13.0 +/- 2.7 microM X h-1 X 100 mg dry wt-1) (P less than 0.05). The presence of aluminum in the perfusion solutions reduced duodenal calcium absorption by 33% (P less than 0.02) in the vitamin D-replete group but not the vitamin D-deficient group. These results suggest that aluminum is absorbed in the duodenum by both a nonsaturable mechanism and a vitamin D-dependent saturable mechanism, for which it may compete with calcium.
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Salar, Francisco J., Vicente Agulló, Raúl Domínguez-Perles, and Cristina García-Viguera. "Influence of Sweeteners (Sucrose, Sucralose, and Stevia) on Bioactive Compounds in a Model System Study for Citrus–Maqui Beverages." Foods 11, no. 15 (July 29, 2022): 2266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11152266.

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Recently, new formulations of beverages with low sugar and high bioactive compound contents are being demanded because of their association with metabolic health. However, the sweeteners’ influences on the bioactive compounds remain underexplored. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the interactions between different bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, vitamin C, and sweeteners (sucrose, stevia, and sucralose) in a functional citrus–maqui beverage. For this purpose, the phytochemical behavior was studied, in model system solutions, during one-month storage at 4 °C. The results obtained corroborated previous descriptions of the interactions between these compounds. However, when studying the bioactives in the model solutions, the loss of flavanones in the citrus solution increased up to 29%, while anthocyanin losses decreased to 27%. The vitamin C losses ranged from 100% (beverage) to 46% (ascorbic acid solution). Regardless, an influence of the sweeteners was observed. Sucrose reduced the anthocyanin and flavanone losses in both model solutions and the beverage, while sucralose increased flavanone loss. Finally, all sweeteners increased vitamin C degradation (up to 75%) when compared to the model solution. In conclusion, sweeteners added to beverages should be taken into account, depending on the bioactive compounds that should be preserved during storage.
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50

Nengsih, Yulita, and Imelda Diana Marsilia. "Penyuluhan tentang Pemantauan Tumbuh Kembang dan Pemberian Vitamin A pada Balita di Posyandu Kenanga Desa Mampir Kec. Cileungsi Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2021." Jurnal Abdimas Kesehatan (JAK) 3, no. 3 (November 19, 2021): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jak.v3i3.259.

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The quality of a child can be judged from the process of growth and development. The process of growth and development is the result of the interaction of genetic factors and environmental factors. Genetic/hereditary factors are factors related to genes originating from the father and mother, while environmental factors include the biological, physical, psychological, and social environment. Growth and development have increased rapidly at an early age, from 0 to 5 years. This period is often referred to as the "Golden Age" phase. Vitamin A is one of the vitamins that functions for the development and performance of various organs of the body, such as the eyes, skin, reproductive organs, and the immune system. To prevent vitamin A deficiency in toddlers, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia conducts a program of providing vitamin A through posyandu. Based on the various solutions to the activities mentioned above, the output targets to be achieved in this program are formulated, including scientific publications and increasing parental knowledge. Types of counseling with participatory methods in Monitoring Growth and Giving Vitamin A to Toddlers. The activity was carried out in July at the Posyandu Kenanga, Mampir Village, Kec. Cileungsi, Bogor Regency. The results of this series of community service activities and parents turned out to be quite satisfactory, both in terms of mastery of the material that had been given. Participants' understanding was seen during the discussion on growth and development and giving Vitamin A questions and answers. It can be concluded that the counseling went well, parents were enthusiastic about the number of participants who attended and hoped that this activity could continue
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