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Journal articles on the topic "Vitamin D deficiency Risk factors Australia"
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Di Marco, Nelfio, Jonathan Kaufman, and Christine Rodda. "Shedding Light on Vitamin D Status and Its Complexities during Pregnancy, Infancy and Childhood: An Australian Perspective." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 4 (February 13, 2019): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040538.
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Ensuring that the entire Australian population is Vitamin D sufficient is challenging, given the wide range of latitudes spanned by the country, its multicultural population and highly urbanised lifestyle of the majority of its population. Specific issues related to the unique aspects of vitamin D metabolism during pregnancy and infancy further complicate how best to develop a universally safe and effective public health policy to ensure vitamin D adequacy for all. Furthermore, as Australia is considered a “sunny country”, it does not yet have a national vitamin D food supplementation policy. Rickets remains very uncommon in Australian infants and children, however it has been recognised for decades that infants of newly arrived immigrants remain particularly at risk. Yet vitamin D deficiency rickets is entirely preventable, with the caveat that when rickets occurs in the absence of preexisting risk factors and/or is poorly responsive to adequate treatment, consideration needs to be given to genetic forms of rickets.
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Virik, Kiran, and Robert Wilson. "Bone loss and vitamin D deficiency post gastrectomy for gastro-esophageal malignancy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2016): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.165.
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165 Background: Metabolic bone disease is a known but incompletely understood consequence of gastrectomy. Post gastrectomy osteoporosis (OP) is multifactorial. Evidence suggests that patients who undergo this surgery require long term bone health assessment and nutritional support. Methods: 30 post gastrectomy patients (2000-2008) from a single centre in Australia were evaluated re bone health post surgery and post nutritional supplementation. Exploratory analysis included: age, gender, pathology, type of surgery, 25 OH-vitamin D, calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone mineral density (BMD), vertebral XRs, urinary calcium and N telopeptides of type I collagen. Other risk factors evaluated were: smoking, corticosteroid use, alcohol intake, hyperthyroidism, menopausal status, hyperparathyroidism (hPTH), pre-existing bone disease. Results: The median age of the cohort was 67.5 (range 53-83) of whom 22 (73%) were male. Histology showed 16 (53%) gastric adenocarcinoma, 6 (20%) esophageal adenocarcinoma, 2 (7%) GISTs, 5 (17%) gastric/duodenal lymphoma and 1 other category. Similar numbers of patients underwent total (12) and partial/distal gastrectomy (12), with 6 having a subtotal gastrectomy. 22 (73%) had a Roux-en-Y or BR II reconstruction and 8 had a BRI/other. Median time from surgery to first BMD was 54.5 months (range 12-360) with median correlative calcium level 2.24 (range 1.97-2.49), median vitamin D level 43 (range 11-82) and median PTH 6.4 (range 1.8-13.8). Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 14 (47%) of patients, osteopenia in 14 and 2 (7%) patients had a normal BMD. Low vitamin D was seen in 23 (77%) patients, low calcium levels in 5 (17%) and secondary hPTH in 12 (41%). Post nutritional supplementation preliminary results showed 2/23 (9%) had a low vitamin D level, 3/11 (27%) had secondary hPTH, 5/19 (26%) had osteoporosis, 12/19 (63%) had osteopenia and 2/19 had a normal BMD. Analysis of other risk factors is to follow. Conclusions: Poor bone health and vitamin D deficiency is a clinically significant problem post gastrectomy. Patients should undergo long term nutritional and bone health surveillance in addition to their oncological follow up post resection.
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Hashmi, Sayed Fasih Ahmed, and Ambreen Haidar. "VITAMIN D ASSOCIATION." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 10 (October 10, 2015): 1316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.10.986.
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OBJECTIVE: The target of this study to focus, vitamin D level is the significant riskfactors for the patients with cardio vascular disease at Liaquat University Hospial Hyderabad /Jamshoro. Materialand Methods: This observational study was done at cardiology departmentof Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. All the cases with history of congenital heart disease,pregnancy, malignancy, renal failure and chronic liver disease, were excluded from the study.Complete medical history was taken, and major risk factors of the cardiovascular diseaseincluding, diabetes, smoking, family history, hypertension, hypercholestremia, dyslipidemiaand history of alcohol consumption and others were documented. Serum VD level was testedby blood samples from research laboratory of Liaquat Medical hospital Hyderabad, and all theresults were noted on the Performa according to the risk factors. Consequences of VD levelwere arranged by criteria, that’s taken from the study of Satish Karur etal.10 Results: Total 100patients were incorporated in the study with the mean age of 48.2+ 12.4. Male were found inthe majority. According to distribution of heart disease of his study ischemic heart disease hadnoted commonest58%. In the hypertensive patients VD deficiency had noted in 39. 63%. Insmoker patients VD deficiency was noted in 52.77%. In patients with hypercholestremia 50.0%,Alcoholic patients were found with deficiency of VD were 50.0%. In patients with obesity 57.14%.In the diabetic patients deficiency 15.0%, insufficiency 50.0% and sufficiency was seen 35.0%.In the Patients of dyslipidemia deficiency5.0%, insufficiency 50.0% and sufficiency was seen45.0%. Patients with family history of cardiovascular disease having deficiency 25.0% of thecases, insufficiency 12.50% while sufficiency in 62.50% in the cases. Conclusion: In this studywe concluded that VD deficiency in one of the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease;its possible association was found in this study with many risk factors of heart diseases. Likeour study there is very need of experimental and prospective more studies, to find out themechanism undergoing increasing cardiovascular risk, and prevent the cardiovascular disease.
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SOHAIL, SUMBUL, and SHAISTA RASHID. "VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY DURING PREGNANCY;." Professional Medical Journal 20, no. 01 (December 10, 2012): 078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.01.594.
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Objective: To find out the frequency of vitamin-D deficiency during pregnancy by using Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin-D3 leveland to evaluate the risk factors associated with low level of vitamin-D. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Gynae and obstetricunit II in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi. Period: February 2011 to July 2011. Material and methods: Design: All patients with historyof chronic renal disease, liver disorder, PIH, GDM, twin gestation, anti tuberculous treatment and antiepileptic treatment with excluded.Data was collected by predesigned proforma through personal interview. Result: This study showed 49 cases (98%) of primigravidawere vitamin-D deficiency. The highest low level was in 15-25 years of age. The mean concentration of 25bOH vitamin-D 3 was 10.30ng/ml.60 % of women had severe vitamin-D deficiency with level of 25 OH vitamin-D3 was lessthan 10ng/ml. Risk factors associated withlow level of vitamin-D3 included dietary deficiency , lack of sun exposure and practicing veil. Conclusions: Pregnant women includingprimigravida in Pakistan are at risk of vitamin-D deficiency. 25 (OH) assay should be used as an aid in assessment of vitamin-D deficiencyduring pregnancy so that proper correction can be achieved. Women who are deficient in vitamin-D should be counseled regardingmaternal and neonatal risk, a balanced diet ,limited sun exposure and compliance of vitamin-D supplement to ensure normal maternal andfetal outcome. Every women should provided by vitamin-D supplement prior to pregnancy.
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Yun, Chunfeng, Jing Chen, Yuna He, Deqian Mao, Rui Wang, Yu Zhang, Chun Yang, Jianhua Piao, and Xiaoguang Yang. "Vitamin D deficiency prevalence and risk factors among pregnant Chinese women." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 10 (November 20, 2015): 1746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015002980.
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AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate vitamin D deficiency prevalence and risk factors among pregnant Chinese women.DesignA descriptive cross-sectional analysis.SettingChina National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS) 2010–2013.SubjectsA total of 1985 healthy pregnant women participated. Possible predictors of vitamin D deficiency were evaluated via multiple logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe median serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 15·5 (interquartile range 11·9–20·0, range 3·0–51·5) ng/ml, with 74·9 (95 % CI 73·0, 76·7) % of participants being vitamin D deficient (25-hydroxyvitamin D <20 ng/ml). According to the multivariate logistic regression analyses, vitamin D deficiency was positively correlated with Hui ethnicity (P=0·016), lack of vitamin D supplement use (P=0·021) and low ambient UVB level (P<0·001). In the autumn months, vitamin D deficiency was related to Hui ethnicity (P=0·012) and low ambient UVB level (P<0·001). In the winter months, vitamin D deficiency was correlated with younger age (P=0·050), later gestational age (P=0·035), higher pre-pregnancy BMI (P=0·019), low ambient UVB level (P<0·001) and lack of vitamin D supplement use (P=0·007).ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency is prevalent among pregnant Chinese women. Residing in areas with low ambient UVB levels increases the risk of vitamin D deficiency, especially for women experiencing advanced stages of gestation, for younger pregnant women and for women of Hui ethnicity; therefore, vitamin D supplementation and sensible sun exposure should be encouraged, especially in the winter months. Further studies must determine optimal vitamin D intake and sun exposure levels for maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels in pregnant Chinese women.
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Inoyatova, N. M. "Association Of Vitamin D Deficiency With Risk Factors In Postmenopausal Women." American Journal of Applied sciences 03, no. 04 (April 28, 2021): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume03issue04-09.
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In conditions of age-related decrease in sex hormones and a number of pathological conditions and diseases in postmenopausal women, there is a deficiency of D hormone. In our country, the geographic location of which is below northern latitude and sufficient ultraviolet radiation, an insufficient content of vitamin D is seen in postmenopausal women. There are a lot of risk factors leading to vitamin D deficiency - the presence of smog and dust in cities, insufficient consumption of vitamin-fortified foods, the presence of problems with the gastrointestinal tract and excretory system and a number of others. One of the important factors that reduce vitamin storage is overweight and obesity, especially in combination with old age, when all absorption processes are reduced. The aim of our research was to study risk factors in women with vitamin D deficiency with subsequent correction of the deficiency state. We examined the level of total 25 (OH) D in the blood serum in 46 postmenopausal women, and identified risk factors. Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 86.96% of women, and its deficiency was registered in 10.87%. At the same time, a pronounced vitamin deficiency was not registered in any patient. Overweight was registered in 32.6%, obesity of varying degrees in 26.1%. Given the indicators, recommendations were given for correcting vitamin D deficiency. All postmenopausal women, especially those with risk factors for deficiency, are recommended to determine the basic level of vitamin D. In case of deficiency, drug correction is recommended to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and oncological diseases.
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Al Khalifah, Reem Al, Muddathir H. Hamad, Abrar Hudairi, Lujain K. Al-Sulimani, Doua Al Al Homyani, Dimah Al Al Saqabi, and Fahad A. Bashiri. "Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Vitamin D Deficiency in Saudi Children with Epilepsy." Children 9, no. 11 (November 5, 2022): 1696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9111696.
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Background: Vitamin D has a role in the pathogenesis of many medical disorders, especially those of the central nervous system. It is essential in maintaining the bone health of children. However, patients with epilepsy are at high risk of developing vitamin D deficiency due to antiseizure medications (ASMs). Therefore, we aimed to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and related risk factors in children with epilepsy. Methods: This is the baseline report of a pragmatic, randomized, controlled, open-label trial that assessed the impact of vitamin D supplementation in preventing vitamin D deficiency (NCT03536845). We included children with epilepsy aged 2–16 years who were treated with ASMs from December 2017 to March 2021. Children with preexisting vitamin D metabolism problems, vitamin-D-dependent rickets, malabsorption syndromes, renal disease, and hepatic disease were excluded. The baseline demographic data, anthropometric measurements, seizure types, epilepsy syndromes, ASMs, and seizure control measures were recorded. Blood tests for vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D), serum calcium, serum phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone levels were performed. Based on vitamin D concentration, patients were categorized as deficient (<50 nmol/L), insufficient (74.9–50 nmol/L), or normal (>75 nmol/L). Results: Of 159 recruited children, 108 (67.92%) had generalized seizures, 44 (27.67%) had focal seizures, and 7 (4.4%) had unknown onset seizures. The number of children receiving monotherapy was 128 (79.0%) and 31 (19.1%) children were receiving polytherapy. The mean vitamin D concentration was 60.24 ± 32.36 nmol/L; 72 patients (45.28%) had vitamin D deficiency and 45 (28.3%) had vitamin D insufficiency. No significant difference in vitamin D concentration was observed between children receiving monotherapy and those receiving polytherapy. The main risk factors of vitamin D deficiency were obesity and receiving enzyme-inducer ASMs. Conclusions: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was high among children with epilepsy. Obese children with epilepsy and those on enzyme-inducer ASMs were at increased risk for vitamin D deficiency. Further studies are needed to establish strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency.
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Kweder, Hasan, and Housam Eidi. "Vitamin D deficiency in elderly: Risk factors and drugs impact on vitamin D status." Avicenna Journal of Medicine 8, no. 4 (2018): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ajm.ajm_20_18.
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Gorter, Erwin A., Wilma Oostdijk, Abraham Felius, Pieta Krijnen, and Inger B. Schipper. "Vitamin D Deficiency in Pediatric Fracture Patients: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Vitamin D Supplementation." Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/jcrpe.3474.
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Naeem, Zahid. "Vitamin D deficiency: It's contributing factors and prevention." Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University 2, no. 2 (December 19, 2019): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol2.iss2.77.
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Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent across the globe. The most important role of vitamin D is in strengthening the bones. Besides this, vitamin D is likely to be associated with prevention against different types of cancers and chronic diseases like cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and stroke as well as osteoporosis. It also has role in preventing many neurological diseases like depression, chronic fatigue syndrome and neuro-degenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease autoimmune diseases, birth defects and periodontal diseases.
Main source of vitamin D is sunlight, also called sunshine vitamin. People with old age, dark skinned and obese cannot produce sufficient amount of Vitamin D. Food sources include fatty fish, animal liver, egg yolk and dairy products, though these are poor sources. Vitamin D deficiency is endemic in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka as well as Middle Eastern Countries. Though it’s sunny there all the year round, still the bulk of population is vitamin D deficient due to limited sun exposure in extremes of high temperature and socio religious reasons. Similarly, population in Europe and America are also affected. Pregnant mothers and infants are more at risk. Population at risk should be screened and treated. Appropriate health policies, public awareness, and fortification of dairy products can definitely prevent as well as address this huge burden of disease.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vitamin D deficiency Risk factors Australia"
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Silva, Alliny Beletini da. "PREVALÊNCIA DE DEFICIÊNCIA DE VITAMINA D E ANÁLISE DOS FATORES ASSOCIADOS EM CRIANÇAS SAUDÁVEIS DO AMBULATÓRIO DE PEDIATRIA DO HUSM." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5867.
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Vitamin D deficiency is one of the most commented health issues at the moment, given the number of discoveries about its function in various tissues and organs. The principal action of vitamin D is related to calcium absorption and its implication in bone homeostasis, but, besides this, it has been implicated in several other diseases. Despite this huge interest in vitamin D, there are still few studies talking about vitamin D deficiency in children in our country, and especially in our region. Knowing the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in specific place or region, it will be possible plan actions focusing prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, and thus to reduce complications and costs to public health. This study aims to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the factors associated in healthy children of the outpatient pediatrics clinic of a university hospital in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. This analytical cross-sectional study included 138 healthy children of the pediatrics clinic of the University Hospital of Santa Maria. The serum 25 (OH) D was performed by the Clinical Laboratory of the University Hospital. The associated factors were obtained through a questionnaire conducted by telephone. The results showed that the overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the population studied was 42.7%, 12.3% with deficiency and 30.4% with insufficiency in vitamin D. The highest percentage of children with adequate levels occurred among infants, followed by preschoolers, schoolers and adolescents. The majority, 65.9%, received vitamin D supplementation on average by 21.6 (± 15.6) months. The principal risk factors identified were: the age group (preschoolers, schoolers and adolescents); residence in urban areas; no supplemental of vitamin D and lack of sun exposure. We conclude that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high in the region studied, especially among adolescents. Besides age, no vitamin D supplementation and inadequate sunlight exposure are risk factors that increase the chance of insufficiency/deficiency in vitamin D.A deficiência de vitamina D é um dos assuntos mais comentados da área da saúde na atualidade, face às várias descobertas sobre a sua função em diversos tecidos e órgãos. A ação mais conhecida da vitamina D é na absorção do cálcio e sua implicação na homeostase óssea, mas além disso, tem estudos comprovando a relação da vitamina D com diversas outras doenças. Apesar desse enorme interesse sobre a vitamina D, ainda existem poucos trabalhos na literatura falando sobre a deficiência de vitamina D em crianças em nosso país, e principalmente na nossa região. Conhecendo a prevalência da hipovitaminose D, em determinado local ou região, pode-se pensar em medidas de prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento, buscando assim reduzir as complicações e os custos para a saúde pública. Assim, o presente estudo tem por objetivo conhecer a prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D e os fatores associados à esta, em crianças saudáveis em seguimento em um ambulatório de pediatria de um hospital universitário, na região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Este estudo transversal analítico incluiu 138 crianças saudáveis em seguimento no ambulatório de pediatria do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria. A dosagem sérica de 25(OH)D foi realizados pelo Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do HUSM, utilizando a coleta para exames de rotina já estabelecidos no ambulatório. Os fatores associados foram obtidos através de questionário realizado por telefone. Os resultados mostraram que a prevalência geral de hipovitaminose D na população estudada foi de 42,7%, sendo 12,3% das crianças deficientes e 30,4% insuficientes em vitamina D. O maior percentual de crianças com níveis adequados ocorreu entre os lactentes, seguido dos pré-escolares, escolares e adolescentes. A maioria, 65,9%, recebeu suplementação de vitamina D, em média, por 21,6 (±15,6) meses. Os fatores de risco identificados com maior significância foram: a faixa etária de pré-escolar/escolar/adolescente; residência em zona urbana; não suplementação de vitamina D e exposição solar. Conclui-se que a prevalência de hipovitaminose D é alta na região estudada, especialmente entre adolescentes. Além da faixa etária, a não suplementação de vitamina D e a exposição solar inadequada são fatores de risco, que aumentam a chance de insuficiência/deficiência em vitamina D.
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George, Jaya Anna. "Vitamin D status and cardiometabolic risk factors in black African and Indian populations of South Africa." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15453.
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Background: South Africa is in the midst of a health transition that is characterized by a high burden of both infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases. One of the drivers of non-communicable diseases in South Africa is the current epidemic of obesity. Vitamin D deficiency, which is defined by 25(OH)D levels in blood, has been reported to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and shares a number of risk factors with those traditionally linked to non-communicable diseases. Osteoporosis is another non-communicable disease that is reportedly increasing in prevalence worldwide and may be linked to vitamin D levels and to body fat. There is limited data on 25(OH)D levels in South Africa and its association with cardiovascular risk factors. There is also limited data on body composition including bone mineral density.
Aims: The aims of this thesis were to describe 25(OH)D levels in healthy Black African and Indian subjects recruited from the greater Johannesburg metropolis and to determine if differences in 25(OH)D levels contributed to differences in cardiovascular risk. A further aim was to describe body composition in both ethnic groups and to see if differences in body composition contribute to differences in 25(OH)D levels or to differences in bone mineral density and to determine if differences in bone mineral density are mediated by differences in 25(OH)D.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out from July 2011 to March 2012 on 714 male and female subjects (male: female=340:374) of whom 371 were Black African and 343 were Indian. Subjects were recruited via the caregivers of the Birth to Twenty cohort. The first step was a descriptive analysis of 25(OH)D as well as its predictors including whole body fat, visceral and subcutaneous adiposity. This was followed by examining the associations of 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone with cardiovascular risk factors that comprise the metabolic syndrome. Final analysis was description of bone mineral density according to ethnicity and gender and the contribution of lean mass, sub-total fat mass, visceral and subcutaneous adiposity to bone mineral density in each ethnic group.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency was very prevalent in Indians, 28.6% in comparison to 5.1% in the Black African group (p<0.0001). In both groups season of collection was a positive predictor and PTH was negatively associated with 25(OH)D. Neither whole body fat nor visceral or subcutaneous adiposity was predictive of 25(OH)D in either group. Using the harmonized definition of the metabolic syndrome (Met S), was diagnosed in 29% of the Black African and 46% of the Indian subjects (p<0.0001). Subjects with Met S had higher PTH than those without (p<0.0001), whilst 25(OH)D levels were not significantly different (p=0.50). Logistic regression analysis showed that Indian ethnicity
(OR 2.24; 95% CIs 1.57, 3.18; p<0.0001) and raised PTH (OR 2.48; 95% CIs 1.01, 6.08; p=0.04) adjusted for 25(OH)D) produced an increased risk of Met S but 25(OH)D did not (OR 1.25; 95% CIs 0.67, 2.24; p=0.48). Whole body, hip, femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density were significantly higher in Black African than Indian subjects (p<0.001 for all). Whole body lean mass positively associated with bone mineral density at all sites in both ethnic groups (p<0.001 for all), and partially explained the higher bone mineral density in Black African females compared to Indian females. Whole body fat mass correlated positively with lumbar bone mineral density in Black African (p=0.001) and inversely with sub-total bone mineral density in Indian subjects (p<0.0001). Visceral adiposity correlated inversely with sub-total bone mineral density in the Black African subjects (p=0.037) and with lumbar bone mineral density in the Indian group (p=0.005). No association was found between serum 25(OH)D and bone mineral density. PTH was inversely associated with hip bone mineral density in the Black African group (p=0.01) and with sub-total (p=0.002), hip (p=0.001) and femoral bone mineral density (p<0.0001) in the Indian group.
Conclusions: This study highlighted the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Indian population and the fact that local conditions such as sunshine exposure and season of collection of blood are important determinants of 25(OH)D levels. It also showed that Indian ethnicity and PTH are risk factors for the Met S, but differences in risk between both ethnic groups are not due to differences in 25(OH)D levels. The thesis also showed that there are significant differences in bone mineral density across ethnicity, with lean mass an important contributor to bone mineral density across race and gender.
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Madanelo, Mariana Coutinho Oliveira de Lima. "Deficiência de Vitamina D numa População Hospitalar e seus Preditores: Desenvolvimento de Questionário de Rastreio." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/82226.
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Trabalho de Projeto do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de MedicinaIntrodução: A elevada prevalência da deficiência de Vitamina D, reportada em diversos estudos, e o reconhecimento de potenciais consequências para a saúde do indivíduo, além das classicamente reconhecidas, têm aumentado o interesse dos clínicos pela Vitamina D condicionando um aumento dos doseamentos (e respetivos custos). Este estudo teve como objetivo principal desenvolver um questionário clínico para identificação de pessoas com risco de deficiência de Vitamina D. Pretendeu, ainda, avaliar a associação entre o status de Vitamina D, fatores sociodemográficos e determinadas manifestações, tanto clínicas como laboratoriais, potencialmente associadas à deficiência de Vitamina D. Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal, unicêntrico realizado no Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC) de julho a novembro de 2016. A amostra estudada incluiu doentes seguidos nos Departamentos de Reumatologia, Medicina Interna, Neurologia, Endocrinologia e Infecciologia dos CHUC, cujo doseamento de Vitamina D foi realizado no Laboratório de Patologia Clínica dos CHUC. Os doentes foram identificados através de pesquisa eletrónica semanal no registo do mencionado laboratório. Os doentes identificados foram contactados telefonicamente e convidados a participar. Após consentimento, foi aplicado um questionário standardizado para recolha de dados. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o SPSS. Todas as análises foram realizadas para a amostra total e no subgrupo de doentes sem suplementação atual de Vitamina D. p<0.05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo em todas as análises. Resultados: A prevalência de níveis baixos de vitamina D encontrada foi de 44%, sendo que 2% dos doentes apresentava deficiência severa, 10% apresentava deficiência e 32% apresentava insuficiência de vitamina D. Níveis baixos de vitamina D foram associados a peso elevado e IMC elevado, escassa prática de exercício físico e pouco tempo passado em pé e evicção da exposição solar durante o período de primavera e verão. Foi, ainda, encontrada relação estatisticamente significativa entre níveis baixos de vitamina D e prevalência de fibromialgia (na amostra total) e níveis altos de paratormona (não suplementados). Não foi encontrada relação estatisticamente significativa entre nenhuma das manifestações clínicas e os níveis de vitamina D.Discussão e Conclusão: Algumas das relações encontradas entre variáveis estudadas e níveis baixos de vitamina D corroboram estudos já elaborados com resultados semelhantes. No entanto, não foi possível encontrar um modelo preditor fiável de deficiência de vitamina D, ficando a faltar estudos de maiores dimensão e robustez.
Introduction: The high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency reported in several studies and the recognition of potential health consequences of the individual, in addition to the classically recognized ones, has increased the clinicians' interest in Vitamin D, resulting in increased dosages (and their costs). The main objective of this study was to develop a clinical questionnaire to identify people at high risk for vitamin D deficiency. It also aimed to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and sociodemographic factors and certain clinical and laboratory manifestations potentially associated with vitamin D deficiency. Methods: A cross-sectional, unicentric observational study was performed at the Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC) from July to November 2016. The sample included patients followed in the departments of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine, Neurology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases of CHUC with Vitamin D measures in the Laboratory of Clinical Pathology of the CHUC in the mentioned period and that were identified, retrospectively, by electronic research, in the database of computer records of the laboratory, with a weekly frequency. The identified patients were contacted by telephone and invited to participate. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. All analyses were performed for the whole sample and in the subgroup of patients without current Vitamin D supplementation. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant in all analyses.Results: The prevalence of low vitamin D levels was 44%; 2% of the patients had severe deficiency, 10% had deficiency and 32% had insufficient vitamin D. Low levels of vitamin D were associated with high weight and high BMI, poor exercise and little time spent standing and avoiding sun exposure during the spring and summer period. There was also a statistically significant relationship between low levels of vitamin D and prevalence of fibromyalgia (in the total sample) and high levels of parathormone (not supplemented). No statistically significant relationship was found between any of the clinical manifestations and vitamin D levels.Discussion and Conclusion: Some of the relationships found between studied variables and low levels of vitamin D corroborate studies already elaborated with similar results. However, it was not possible to find a reliable predictor model of vitamin D deficiency, lacking studies of greater size and robustness.
Books on the topic "Vitamin D deficiency Risk factors Australia"
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Bardin, Thomas, and Tilman Drüeke. Renal osteodystrophy. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0149.
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Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is a term that encompasses the various consequences of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for the bone. It has been divided into several entities based on bone histomorphometry observations. ROD is accompanied by several abnormalities of mineral metabolism: abnormal levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D metabolites, alkaline phosphatases, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and klotho, which all have been identified as cardiovascular risk factors in patients with CKD. ROD can presently be schematically divided into three main types by histology: (1) osteitis fibrosa as the bony expression of secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHP), which is a high bone turnover disease developing early in CKD; (2) adynamic bone disease (ABD), the most frequent type of ROD in dialysis patients, which is at present most often observed in the absence of aluminium intoxication and develops mainly as a result of excessive PTH suppression; and (3) mixed ROD, a combination of osteitis fibrosa and osteomalacia whose prevalence has decreased in the last decade. Laboratory features include increased serum levels of PTH and bone turnover markers such as total and bone alkaline phosphatases, osteocalcin, and several products of type I collagen metabolism products. Serum phosphorus is increased only in CKD stages 4-5. Serum calcium levels are variable. They may be low initially, but hypercalcaemia develops in case of severe sHP. Serum 25-OH-vitamin D (25OHD) levels are generally below 30 ng/mL, indicating vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. The international KDIGO guideline recommends serum PTH levels to be maintained in the range of approximately 2-9 times the upper normal normal limit of the assay and to intervene only in case of significant changes in PTH levels. It is generally recommended that calcium intake should be up to 2 g per day including intake with food and administration of calcium supplements or calcium-containing phosphate binders. Reduction of serum phosphorus towards the normal range in patients with endstage kidney failure is a major objective. Once sHP has developed, active vitamin D derivatives such as alfacalcidol or calcitriol are indicated in order to halt its progression.
Book chapters on the topic "Vitamin D deficiency Risk factors Australia"
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Wilson, Helen, Diana Calcraft, Cai Neville, Susan Lanham-New, and Louise R. Durrant. "Bone Health, Fragility and Fractures." In Perspectives in Nursing Management and Care for Older Adults, 115–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63892-4_9.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAchieving and maintaining skeletal health throughout the life trajectory is essential for the prevention of bone diseases such as rickets, osteomalacia and osteoporosis. Rickets and osteomalacia are usually a result of calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency, causing softening of bones and bone pain, and both conditions are treatable with calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Osteoporosis is a multifaceted disease mainly affecting older people, and its pathogenesis (and hence treatment) is more complex. Untreated osteoporosis results in fragility fractures causing morbidity and increased mortality.Nutrition is one of many factors that influence bone mass and risk of bone disease. Developing a nutritional sciences approach is a feasible option for improving bone health.The importance of adequate calcium and vitamin D in ensuring skeletal integrity throughout the life course has a sound evidence base. Poor vitamin D status in population groups of all ages is widespread across many countries (including affluent and non-affluent areas). Public health approaches are required to correct this given the fact that vitamin D is not just required for musculoskeletal health but also for other health outcomes.Dietary protein may be beneficial for bone due to its effect of increasing insulin-like growth-factor-1 (IGF-1). Recent meta-analyses show that dietary protein has a beneficial role to play in bone health at all ages.Other nutritional factors and nutrients (such as potassium, magnesium, vitamin K and acid-base balance) are also likely to have an important role in bone health, though the literature is less clear in terms of the association/relationship and more research is required.
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Kupisz-Urbańska, Malgorzata, Jacek Łukaszkiewicz, and Ewa Marcinowska-Suchowierska. "Vitamin D in Elderly." In Vitamin D. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97324.
Full textAbstract:
Vitamin D deficiency is common in elderly people, especially in patients with comorbidity and polypharmcy. In this group, low vitamin D plasma concentration is related to osteoporosis, osteomalacia, sarcopenia and myalgia. Vitamin D status in geriatric population is an effect of joint interaction of all vitamin D metabolic pathways, aging processes and multimorbidity. Therefore, all factors interfering with individual metabolic stages may affect 25-hydroxyvitamin D plasma concentration. The known factors affecting vitamin D metabolism interfere with cytochrome CYP3A4 activity. The phenomenon of drugs and vitamin D interactions is observed first and foremost in patients with comorbidity. This is a typical example of the situation where a lack of “hard evidence” is not synonymous with the possible lack of adverse effects. Geriatric giants, such as sarcopenia (progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength) or cognitive decline, strongly influence elderly patients. Sarcopenia is one of the musculoskeletal consequences of hypovitaminosis D. These consequences are related to a higher risk of adverse outcomes, such as fracture, physical disability, a poor quality of life and death. This can lead not only to an increased risk of falls and fractures, but is also one of the main causes of frailty syndrome in the aging population. Generally, Vitamin D plasma concentration is significantly lower in participants with osteoporosis and muscle deterioration. In some observational and uncontrolled treatment studies, vitamin D supplementation led to a reduction of proximal myopathy and muscle pain. The most positive results were found in subjects with severe vitamin D deficiency and in patients avoiding high doses of vitamin D. However, the role of vitamin D in muscle pathologies is not clear and research has provided conflicting results. This is most likely due to the heterogeneity of the subjects, vitamin D doses and environmental factors.
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Bhopal, Raj S. "Other risk factors and explanations." In Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes, 173–97. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198833246.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
As is usual with medical and scientific puzzles, there have been numerous creative ideas to explain South Asians’ susceptibility to diabetes, CHD, and stroke that have not been developed into either fully articulated hypotheses or have rarely or never been included in hypothesis testing or evaluation studies. These include thyroid dysfunction, lactose intolerance, vitamin B12 and folate deficiency, infection, and chronic inflammation. Vitamin D deficiency has been studied intensively recently in relation to chronic disease including some work on South Asians. Cardiovascular anatomy and physiology has been explored in observational and though these explanations have little theoretical foundation but they need some consideration.
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Gholami, Fatemeh, Saman Farshid, Parmida Soleimani, and Rohollah Valizadeh. "Role of Vitamin D in Patients with Schizophrenia Suffering from COVID-19." In Vitamin D Deficiency - New Insights [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108352.
Full textAbstract:
People with schizophrenia are at high risk for vitamin D deficiency. There is more likely as association between vitamin D and COVID-19 development and even severe outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection. It should be noted that other factors except schizophrenia are also related to the severity of the COVID-19 such as heart conditions, respiratory disorders, overweight, and hypertension in which are prevalent in patients with schizophrenia linked with vitamin D deficiency. This book aimed to determine the relationship between the level of vitamin D and COVID-19 severity in patients with schizophrenia.
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"Parathyroid gland and bone disease." In Best of Five MCQs for the Endocrinology and Diabetes SCE, edited by Atul Kalhan, 113–60. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864615.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter covers core curriculum topics related to the parathyroid gland and bone disease. It starts with questions concerning parathyroid gland embryology and physiology. There is detailed discussion on questions related to the diagnosis and management of primary hyperparathyroidism. The section on differential diagnosis of PHPT, including familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia and its subtypes, has been updated. MCQs have been included which test a trainee’s knowledge on clinical risk factors and underlying endocrine aetiologies contributing to osteoporosis. Coverage of the management of osteoporosis has been updated in line with UK clinical practice guidelines. A new table has been added to provide concise though comprehensive coverage of the pharmacotherapy available for management of osteoporosis. Topic such as vitamin D deficiency rickets, hypophosphataemia, hypoparathyroidism, and pseudohypoparathyroidism have been covered systematically to provide clear understanding to the trainees.
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Bardin, Thomas, and Tilman Drüeke. "Renal osteodystrophy." In Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology, 1274–82. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0149_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is a term that encompasses the various consequences of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for the bone. It has been divided into several entities based on bone histomorphometry observations. ROD is accompanied by several abnormalities of mineral metabolism: abnormal levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D metabolites, alkaline phosphatases, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and klotho, which all have been identified as cardiovascular risk factors in patients with CKD. ROD can presently be schematically divided into three main types by histology: (1) osteitis fibrosa as the bony expression of secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHP), which is a high bone turnover disease developing early in CKD; (2) adynamic bone disease (ABD), the most frequent type of ROD in dialysis patients, which is at present most often observed in the absence of aluminium intoxication and develops mainly as a result of excessive PTH suppression; and (3) mixed ROD, a combination of osteitis fibrosa and osteomalacia whose prevalence has decreased in the last decade. Laboratory features include increased serum levels of PTH and bone turnover markers such as total and bone alkaline phosphatases, osteocalcin, and several products of type I collagen metabolism products. Serum phosphorus is increased only in CKD stages 4-5. Serum calcium levels are variable. They may be low initially, but hypercalcaemia develops in case of severe sHP. Serum 25-OH-vitamin D (25OHD) levels are generally below 30 ng/mL, indicating vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. The international KDIGO guideline recommends serum PTH levels to be maintained in the range of approximately 2-9 times the upper normal normal limit of the assay and to intervene only in case of significant changes in PTH levels. It is generally recommended that calcium intake should be up to 2 g per day including intake with food and administration of calcium supplements or calcium-containing phosphate binders. Reduction of serum phosphorus towards the normal range in patients with endstage kidney failure is a major objective. Once sHP has developed, active vitamin D derivatives such as alfacalcidol or calcitriol are indicated in order to halt its progression.
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Drüeke, Tilman, and Thomas Bardin. "Renal osteodystrophy." In Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology, 1274–82. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0149_update_002.
Full textAbstract:
Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is a term that encompasses the various consequences of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for the bone. Its main clinical expression is an increased propensity for fractures. It has been divided into several pathological entities based on histomorphometry criteria of bone turnover, mineralization and volume. ROD is accompanied by several abnormalities of mineral metabolism: abnormal levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D metabolites, alkaline phosphatases, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and α-klotho, which all have been identified as cardiovascular risk factors in patients with CKD. ROD can be schematically divided into three main types by histology: (1) osteitis fibrosa reflecting secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHP) is a high bone turnover disease which can develop early in CKD; (2) adynamic bone disease (ABD), at present the predominant type of ROD in dialysis patients, which is mainly the result of PTH resistance or excessive PTH suppression; and (3) mixed ROD, a combination of osteitis fibrosa and osteomalacia whose prevalence has decreased in the last decade. Laboratory features include increased serum levels of PTH and bone turnover markers such as total and bone-specific alkaline phosphatases, osteocalcin, and several products of type I collagen metabolism products. Serum phosphorus increases only in advanced CKD (stages G4-G5). Serum calcium levels are variable. They may be low initially, but hypercalcaemia develops in case of severe sHP. Serum 25-OH-vitamin D levels are generally below 30 ng/mL, indicating vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. The international KDIGO guideline recommends serum PTH levels to be maintained in the range of approximately 2-9 times the upper normal limit of the assay and to intervene only in case of significant changes in PTH levels. It is generally recommended that calcium intake should be up to 2 g per day including intake with food and administration of calcium supplements or calcium-containing phosphate binders. Reduction of serum phosphorus towards the normal range in patients with endstage renal disease is a major objective. Once sHP has developed, active vitamin D derivatives such as alfacalcidol or calcitriol, and in addition calcimimetics in dialysis patients, can be used to halt its progression.
Conference papers on the topic "Vitamin D deficiency Risk factors Australia"
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Al Thani, Sharifa, Munass Mohammed, and Hanaa Ahmed. "Factors associated with Vitamin D Deficiency in Women: Lesson from Biobank in Qatar." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0190.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is affecting the health of humans around the world, and different factors associated with it were studied among different populations. Vitamin D deficiency was studied more often as a predictor to diseases. However, certain factors that could be associated with vitamin D deficiency were not explored among women, specifically in Qatar. Objective: To explore potential risk factors of vitamin D deficiency among women aged 20 to 65, using a sample of records from women volunteers to Qatar Biobank. Hypothesis: The study potential factors (age, BMI, education, income, milk consumption, occupation, pregnancy, physical activity and soft drinks) are associated with vitamin D deficiency. Methodology: We assessed some potential risk factors to vitamin D deficiency using data from Qatar Biobank (n=1000). Women aged 20-65 years old were included in the study. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to model the association between our study potential factors (age, BMI, education, income, milk consumption, occupation, number of children, physical activity, and soft drinks) and being vitamin D deficient. Analysis was conducted using Stata (IC) version 15.0. Results: 654 women out of 1000 had vitamin D deficiency (serum level<20ng/mL), and 346 women that had normal level of vitamin D (serum level>20ng/mL). Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with women who drank soda 1-3 per month (p-value= 0.038) and 1-3 per week or more (p-value= 0.021). Also, women who were 41-50 years old (p-value= 0.006), 50 years and older (p-value= 0.000) and women who were students as their occupation (p-value= 0.003). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was common among women in Qatar, as found in the present study. Students, women who drank soda, and younger age (<50) had the highest vitamin D deficiency
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Dautzenberg, M. D., F. Monge, A. M. Fischer, R. Girot, and P. Cornu. "COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYSIS IN SICKLE CELL DISEASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643056.
Full textAbstract:
Sickled erythocytes appear to be primarily responsible for occlusion of microvasculature in patients with homozygous sickle cell disease (SCD), but it is unknown whether the activation of the coagulation pathway is also contributory to these vaso-occlusive crisis and other complications as leg ulcers, aseptic necrosis of bone, strokes. Thus, we studied coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters in 12 patients (ages 2 to 26 years with SCD, in steady-state, far from thrombotic events which occurred in 3 of them) to determine if it would be possible to detect a high-risk group for thrombosis. We were surprised to observe that all the vitamin K dependent factors levels (II, VII+X, IX, protein C) were found next to the lowest values of the normal range.But in 3 out of 12 patients, protein C was significantly lower and 2 of them have had thrombotic events (stroke, leg ulcers). Factor V level was in the normal range except for 3 patients with low levels. As other authors, we observed normal fibrinogen, plasminogen and a 2 antiplasmin values and always very high factor VIII levels. Antithrombin III activity was normal or even high contrasting with the lower levels of the other factors synthesized in the liver. However all these abnormalities seem to balance since the thrombin generation test performed in the patients plasmas are in the normal range. As a marker of high-risk group for thrombosis, fibrin-D-Dimer levels (using a latex bead agglutination assay) were measured and found to be positive in 4 patients, 3 of them having suffered from thrombosis associated in two cases with a protein C deficiency. Thus, if the hemostatic modifications observed are involved in the mechanism of thrombosis, fibrin-D-Dimer and protein C seem to be the most significant parameters in this study.
Reports on the topic "Vitamin D deficiency Risk factors Australia"
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Shi, Shanzhen, Jiaxing Feng, Yu Li, and Huaxiu Shi. Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.6.0028.
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