Academic literature on the topic 'Vitamin B complex Physiological effect'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Vitamin B complex Physiological effect.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Vitamin B complex Physiological effect"
1
Dawood, Tamara N. "Effect of vitamin C and/or vitamin B complex intake on some productive, physiological and reproductive traits in the female rabbits." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 39, no. 1 (June 4, 2015): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v39i1.188.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work was to establish the vital role of using vitamin B complex and/or vitamin C in the reproduction. Twenty female rabbits were used and they were divided randomly into four equal groups, all animals were fed 100 g of concentrate pellets diet/ head. The first group was offered drinking water free of vitamins, (control group), second group was supplied with water containing vitamin C (40 mg/ 100ml water/ head), third group was supplied with water containing vitamin B complex (0.5 ml/100ml/head), and fourth group was water supplied containing 20 mg of vitamin C and 0.25 ml of vitamin B complex/100 ml water/head. At the beginning of the experiment, male rabbits were introduced to the females for mating for one hour at morning daily for two weeks before the food and water were supplied. The results revealed that, body weight of all groups increased progressively with age. The treated groups gained insignificantly more than the control group, the second and fourth group showed higher but insignificant. In second and third group caused significant increase in PCV, Hb, WBCs, lymphocyte percentage and decrease in neutrophil, monocyte and eosinophil percentages compared with the control group. However, blood glucose and serum cholesterol levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in second and fourth group when compared with first group. While vitamins groups caused insignificant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity enzyme. However, the treated groups showed significantly higher fertility rate and reproductive efficiency ratio compared with the control group and numerically higher in prolificacy ratio (%). But third and fourth group showed better prolificacy and reproductive efficiency ratio than the second group
2
Hrubša, Marcel, Tomáš Siatka, Iveta Nejmanová, Marie Vopršalová, Lenka Kujovská Krčmová, Kateřina Matoušová, Lenka Javorská, et al. "Biological Properties of Vitamins of the B-Complex, Part 1: Vitamins B1, B2, B3, and B5." Nutrients 14, no. 3 (January 22, 2022): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14030484.
Full textAbstract:
This review summarizes the current knowledge on essential vitamins B1, B2, B3, and B5. These B-complex vitamins must be taken from diet, with the exception of vitamin B3, that can also be synthetized from amino acid tryptophan. All of these vitamins are water soluble, which determines their main properties, namely: they are partly lost when food is washed or boiled since they migrate to the water; the requirement of membrane transporters for their permeation into the cells; and their safety since any excess is rapidly eliminated via the kidney. The therapeutic use of B-complex vitamins is mostly limited to hypovitaminoses or similar conditions, but, as they are generally very safe, they have also been examined in other pathological conditions. Nicotinic acid, a form of vitamin B3, is the only exception because it is a known hypolipidemic agent in gram doses. The article also sums up: (i) the current methods for detection of the vitamins of the B-complex in biological fluids; (ii) the food and other sources of these vitamins including the effect of common processing and storage methods on their content; and (iii) their physiological function.
3
Pyatnychko, O. M., M. I. Zhyla, N. V. Shkodyak, O. O. Saliy, M. V. Derkach, and L. V. Kalynovska. "The efficiency of the drug based on butaphosphane, B vitamins and L-carnitine in the treatment of horses." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 23, no. 101 (April 5, 2021): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10106.
Full textAbstract:
An important feature of living organisms, acquired in the process of evolution, is the ability to adapt to various external influences and changes in the environment, to maintain homeostasis and regulatory processes in organs, systems and the body as a whole. However, with modern breeding technologies, the physiological capabilities of the animal's body are often unable to change as quickly as required by the conditions of industrial maintenance, which leads to stress. Vitamin preparations and biologically active feed additives are widely used by veterinary medicine specialists to increase resistance to stressful situations, disease prevention, increase resistance, safety and productivity of farm animals. Preparation L-tsyn, solution for injection (manufactured by BIOTESTLAB LLC), is a drug, the action of which is due to the prescription combination of active substances, namely: butaphosphane, B vitamins (vitamin B12, vitamin B3) and L-carnitine. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of the drug L-tsyn on horses under the influence of stressors of various natures. Two experiments on working horses with constant, excessive physical activity with chronic exercises and with complex therapy of intoxication with signs of acute renal failure in horse were conducted. Clinical trials of the drug were performed on working horses aged 5–15 years, of different sexes. The drug was administered in a dose of 20–25 ml per animal, 1 time per day for 5 consecutive days. The clinical condition of the experimental animals was observed for 21 days from the start of the drug. The morpho-functional state of the animal's body before and after the drug was established according to the indicators of the clinical condition, morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood, which were determined according to generally accepted methods. In working horses under excessive load the drug L-tsyn activated the processes of hematopoiesis, improved the physiological state of the body and contributed to the increase the general tone of the body. The drug as part of complex therapy in the treatment of intoxication, showed hepato- and nephroprotective properties, reduced the manifestations of intoxication, helped to restoration of the animal’s normal physiological state. According to the results of clinical, hematological and biochemical studies, it can be concluded that the drug L-tsyn has a stimulating effect on metabolic processes in the animals’ body, shows tonic properties, increases the body's resistance to toxins and adverse environmental factors and can be used as monotherapy and for the complex treatment of diseases of various etiologies in horses.
4
Rahmawati, Alfiah, Rr Catur Leny Wulandari, Atika Zahria Arisanti, and Alivia Nurrokhmah. "THE EFFECT OF DATE JUICE AND HONEY ON INCREASING HEMOGLOBIN IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ANEMIA." International Journal of Islamic and Complementary Medicine 3, no. 2 (September 23, 2022): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.55116/ijicm.v3i2.43.
Full textAbstract:
Pregnancy is a physiological change in women. There are changes in the body during pregnancy, one of which is in the blood vessel system. These changes make the volume of plasma in the blood increase, this results in dilution of the blood. From these changes, pregnant women are prone to anemia, where the condition of the body lacks blood. Globally, the incidence of anemia reaches 29.9% in women of childbearing age or more than half a billion women aged 15-49 years have anemia. With a prevalence of 29.6% in non-pregnant women of childbearing age and 36.5% in pregnant women of childbearing age. Anemia in pregnancy has several effects such as premature birth and postpartum hemorrhage. So anemia during pregnancy requires serious treatment. There are pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for anemia. One of the non-pharmacological treatments that can be done is using dates and honey. Dates and honey contain iron, vitamin C, vitamin B complex and folic acid which are needed in the formation of blood cells. In this case, the researcher conducted a search for evidence of foreign literature traced through electronic media facilities with keyword guidance. There were 6 relevant articles, each of which represented an effect of giving dates and honey in cases of anemia during pregnancy, especially in pregnant women who have anemia.
5
Golovach, P. I., M. M. Zmiya, and S. O. Pokotylo. "Morphological composition of blood and clinical indicators in ball fattening on the effect of b vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12)." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 99 (October 28, 2020): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9908.
Full textAbstract:
In realization of the genetic productivity potential of different species of farm animals, an important place is given to full feeding. Insufficient supply of farm animals with individual vitamins has negative impact on the activity of the relevant enzyme systems, hormonal status, metabolism of nutrients, the state of the natural resistance of the various organs and organ systems, the processes of adaptation and productivity level. Numerical searches have shown that farm animals need in different vitamins depends on the type, age, sex, physiological state, the season, the level of productivity and others. According to some reports ruminants have been providing with water-soluble B vitamins by their rumen microbial synthesis accordingly it was recommended to rations setting for cattle, sheep and goats, along with nutrients and minerals only by carotene and vitamins D and E. Specific features of the effect of different doses of complex B vitamins (thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, ciankobalamin in venous blood) on morphological composition (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and clinical indicators (heart rate, respiratory rate, type temperature) at the final stage bull fattening. Studies have shown that the addition to the diet of calves for fattening balanced nutrients and minerals and fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E complex of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12) in appropriate doses generally positive effect on erythrocytes, leukocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, dose-dependent additionally introduced into the diet of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12). The basis for our dosage of various B vitamins for Bovine experimental groups on fattening is the corresponding percentage of the recommended doses of certain B vitamins for fattening pigs (10 % – D1, 20 % – D2, 40 % – D3, 60 % – D4 group). The biggest change in terms on morphological composition in animals 3rd ((В1 – 0,040; В2 – 0,06; В5 – 1.2; В6 – 0.25; В10 – 0.0030; В12 – 0.0006 mg/kg body weight) and 4th (В1 – 0.070; В2 – 0.10; В5 – 2.0; В6 – 0.40; В10 – 0.0050; В12 – 0.0010 mg/kg body weight) research groups, and smallest – in bull 1st (В1 – 0.015; В2 – 0.03; В5 – 0.5; В6 – 0.10; В10 – 0.0012; В12 – 0.0002 mg/kg body weight) and 2 th (В1 – 0.025; В2 – 0.04; В5 – 0.8; В6 – 0.15; В10 – 0.0020; В12 – 0.0004 mg/kg body weight) research group, which is associated with dose introduced to the diet of calves during the final fattening phase of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12).
6
Fathimah, Fathimah, Vina Intan Aprilia, Kartika Pibriyanti, Lulu' Luthfiya, and Hafidhotun Nabawiyah. "THE EFFECT OF DATE FRUITS (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L) INTERVENTION TO INCREASE HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN FEMALE ADOLESCENTS." Media Gizi Mikro Indonesia 13, no. 2 (July 22, 2022): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/mgmi.v13i2.5138.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Anemia is one of the common health problems globally, where a condition of red blood cells is inadequate to meet the physiological needs caused by iron deficiency. The short term impact of anemia on adolescents can cause growth disorders, while the long term impact on pregnant women can cause pregnancy and childbirth complications. Date fruit is one of the fruits that containing iron (Fe), vitamin C, vitamin B complex, and folic acid that can help form red blood cells. Consuming the date fruits may improve formation of red blood cells and prevent anemia. Objective. To determine the effect of the intervention of date fruits in increasing hemoglobin levels among female adolescents at Islamic boarding school. Method. This research was performed using a pre-experimental study with one group pretest and posttest design. The sampling method in this research used purposive sampling with samples of 30 female adolescent students aged 15–18 years old at Modern Islamic Boarding School (Pondok Modern Gontor Putri 2), Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria was adolescent suffering from anemia (age 15 until 18 years, Hb <12 g/dL, not menstruation during intervention). The intervention was carried out for seven days by giving seven date fruits (50 g) per day. Hemoglobin levels had recorded before and after intervention. The data were analyzed using paired t-test. Results. The median hemoglobin (Hb) level before giving date fruits was 10.8 g/dL and the median Hb level after giving date fruits was 11.9 g/dL. There were differences in Hb levels before and after giving date fruit in the treatment group (p=0.001). Conclusion. The intervention of consuming seven date fruits (50 g) for seven days effectively increased hemoglobin level.
7
Zmiya, M. M., and P. I. Golovach. "СТАН ГУМОРАЛЬНОЇ ЛАНКИ ІМУННОГО СТАТУСУ У БУГАЙЦІВ НА ВІДГОДІВЛІ ЗА ВПЛИВУ ВІТАМІНІВ ГРУПИ B (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12)." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology 18, no. 3(70) (September 5, 2016): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet7027.
Full textAbstract:
In realization of the genetic productivity potential of different species of farm animals, an important place is given to full feeding. Insufficient supply of farm animals with individual vitamins has negative impact on the activity of the relevant enzyme systems, hormonal status, metabolism of nutrients, the state of the natural resistance of the various organs and organ systems, the processes of adaptation and productivity level.Numerical searches have shown that farm animals need in different vitamins depends on the type, age, sex, physiological state, the season, the level of productivity and others. According to some reports ruminants have been providing with water–soluble B vitamins by their rumen microbial synthesis accordingly it was recommended to rations setting for cattle, sheep and goats, along with nutrients and minerals only by carotene and vitamins D and E .Studies have shown that the addition to the diet of calves for fattening complex of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12) in different doses generally positive effect on bactericidal, lisocim and complement activity of blood serum, immunoglobulin cell in bull fattening.Studies have shown that the addition to the diet of bull fattening balanced in nutrients and minerals and fat–soluble vitamins A, D, E complex of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12) in appropriate doses generally positive effect on humoral immunity state, major changes are complement activity of blood serum, depends on the dose additionally entered the diet fattening bulls B vitamins.The biggest change on humoral immunity state of calves for fattening derived from animals 3rd D (B1 – 0.040; B2 – 0.06; B5 – 1.2; B6 – 0.25, B10 – 0.0030; B12 – 0.0006 mg/kg body weight) and 4th D (B1 – 0.070; B2 – 0.10; B5 – 2.0; B6 – 0.40; B10 – 0.0050; B12 – 0.0010 mg/kg body weight) groups, and the smallest – in calves 1th D (В1 –0.015; В2 – 0,03; В5 – 0.5; В6 – 0.10; В10 – 0.0012; В12 – 0.0002 mg/kg body weight) group.
8
Danylenko, Svitlana, Lolita Marynchenko, Viktoriia Bortnyk, Oksana Potemska, and Olena Nizhelska. "Use of Highly Dispersed Silica in Biotechnology of Complex Probiotic Product Based on Bifidobacteria." Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering 6, no. 1 (May 6, 2022): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/ibb.2022.6.1.256179.
Full textAbstract:
Background. The probiotics immobilization technology is one of the most effective ways for controlled and continuous delivery of viable cells into the intestine. It is well known that multifaceted physiological roles of bifidobacteria are to normalize and stabilize the microbiocenosis, to form intestine colonization resistance, to synthesis amino acids, proteins and vitamins, to maintain non-specific resistance of the organism and so all. Such a wide range of positive effects on the macroorganism allows us to consider bifidobacteria as a basis for functional immobilized healthcare products development.
Objective. Taxonomic position determination of the Bifidobacterium longum strain selected for immobilization, study of the viability of this bifidobacteria strain in a complex probionic product based on highly dispersed silica in simulated gastrointestinal tract's conditions and after freeze-drying.
Methods. The production strain Bifidobacterium longum IMV B-7165 from the Institute of Food Resources of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine collection of industrial strains has been used in the study. It was isolated from the healthy human infant's gastrointestinal tract.
Commonly used bioinformatics, microbiological, biotechnological and statistical methods have been applied.
Results. The best alignments for the sequence of bifidobacteria isolate "4202" 16S rRNA (it was previously deposited as Bifidobacterium longum IMV B-7165) and classic dendrograms based on these results were performed. According to the results of microscopic studies of samples of microorganisms with highly dispersed silica products ("Enterosgel", "Sillard P" and "Toxin.Net") it was found that the immobilization of the Streptococcus thermophilus and bifidobacteria cultures did not differ fundamentally. To study the immobilization effect on the bifidobacteria preservation and properties the following carriers were used: "Enterosgel", "Toxin.NET" and "Sillard P". The survival of immobilized bifidobacteria was further studied in simulated gastrointestinal conditions: immobilized cells are better protected from acid and bile, although with increasing acidity, survival decreases in both control and immobilized cells.
Conclusions. The taxonomic position of a bifidobacterial isolate from the healthy human infants used in immobilization studies was clarificated (Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis). Under the simulated conditions of the upper gastrointestinal tract in the case of acid and bile impact, the best survival was demonstrated by immobilized cultures of bifidobacteria together with the Enterosgel sorbent (a content of 10% by weight of the culture). The survival of immobilized preparations after freeze-drying was slightly reduced in the case of immobilization on the "Enterosgel" and "Toxin.NET" samples of enterosorbents (a content from 15% to 25% by weight of the culture). The best results were observed in the case of immobilization of bifidobacteria with 5% content of the "Toxin.NET" enterosorbent (enterosgel + inulin).
9
Farkhutdinova, A. R., and M. T. Sabitov. "Feed additive based on biologically active substances for fattening steers." Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production), no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-05-2107-06.
Full textAbstract:
The modern agricultural market offers a wide range of products designed for a highly effective and most importantly safe increase in growth indicators, the level of development and the degree of productivity of domestic animals. The leading role in achieving the highest quality result is played by a competent choice of feed additives. The purpose of the research was to study the use of a feed additive based on biologically active substances (BAS) in the fattening of steers. The effect of the feed additive based on a natural, balanced, natural complex of biologically active substances such as vitamins B, C, PP, tryptophan (with oral administration bioavailability reaches 90 %), antioxidants, essential and free amino acids, enzymes and trace element salts on the growth and development of young cattle of Black-and-White breed has been studied. The steers of the control group received the main diet, and the animals of the experimental group in addition to the main diet received the feed additive consisting of vitamins, amino acids, antioxidants, enzymes and trace element salts. It has been found by the studies that the use of the test feed additive based on BAS provides an improvement in the digestibility and assimilation of nutrients in the diet, which contributed to the increase in the average daily live weight gain in the experimental group by 263 g or 25 %, the decrease in feed consumption for 1 kg of gain and the improvement in blood biochemical parameters, such as inorganic phosphorus, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase within physiological norms. In order to balance the diets of 9-monthold steers by biologically active substances and improve the physiological and biochemical status, the digestibility of nutrients that contribute to the increase in the average daily weight gain, it is recommended to use the feed additive based on BAS with drinking water.
10
Alaidaroos, Bothaina A. "Isolation and Molecular Identification of Phenol Degrading Bacterium from Industrial Wastes, Collected from Jeddah Saudi Arabia." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 14, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 1992–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/14.4.90.
Full textAbstract:
In the past two decades, phenolic compounds have had different applications, however their use in densification has increased considerably due to Covid 19. Discharge of these dangerous materials is highly toxic and causes risk and severe problems to the environment and health of human and animals, in addition to it being harmful to the aquatic life. Phenol degradation is very important due to high toxicity and stability. The aim of this study is to isolate phenol-degrading aerobic bacteria from hydrocarbon contaminated soil or wastewater, collected from the industrial area of Jeddah. Minimal medium containing phenol as carbon source was used to isolate different bacteria. About 30 actinomycete isolates were obtained, purified and preserved on Starch nitrate. Out of 30 isolates, eight isolates (27%) grow well in medium containing 0.1% phenol. After growing in broth medium, isolate BA4 and isolate BA8 were very active in phenol degradation. Growth and phenol degradation was measured in liquid medium for the two isolates. Morphological and physiological characters of these isolates were detected using different methods. Using molecular methods, they were belonging to a genus of actinomycetes. They were identified as Streptomyces flavabus BA4 and Streptomyces sp. BA8.The effects of some growth factors on growth and phenol degradation were determined. Growth was measured by dry weight (mg/l) while phenol degradation was detected by assaying the residual phenol concentration. The presence of electron donors such as glucose, starch, glycine, peptone, and Na acetate affect both growth and phenol degradation. It was clear that addition of 1 g/l peptone enhanced both growth and phenol degradation. The isolate use phenol and its derivatives m-cresol and o-cresol as carbon sources and addition of vitamin B complex increased the bacterial growth. In conclusion, phenol degradation was detected by actinobacteria and was affected by some physical and biochemical factors. It was noticed that optimization of growth conditions enhanced both growth and phenol degradation by the two selected Streptomyces isolate. Degradation process by isolate BA4 could be a promising solution for removal of phenol from wastewater.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vitamin B complex Physiological effect"
1
Murphy, Stephanie A. "Effects of selenium and vitamin B-6 on growth of chemically- induced transplanted tumors in BALB/c inbred mice." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43906.
Full textAbstract:
Male weanling inbred, mice were inoculated with
fibrosarcoma cells (hindquarter) originally produced by 2-methylcholanthrene. Before inoculation, mice were randomly divided into three groups of 24 and one of 12
(control). After a one week acclimation period, each group was fed a diet containing either suboptimal vitamin B-6, 0.5 mg/kg diet; adequate, 7.0 mg/kg diet; or excess, 100 mg/kg diet. Controls were fed the adequate vitamin. B-6 diet. Twenty-four hours after
tumor cell inoculation, a series of sodium selenite injections (0.5 μg/.10 mL) were given to half of each treatment group and all controls. Mice were sacrificed
two wk after tumor inoculation. Tumors were excised and weighed. Selenium-treated mice had significantly smaller tumors as compared to untreated mice regardless
of vitamin B-6 treatment. The smallest tumors were
found in the selenium-treated group maintained on
adequate B-6, while the largest tumors were developed
by mice on the excess B-6 diet without selenium treatments.
All groups had similar blood selenium levels as
measured by gas chromatography. Tumor selenium levels,
analyzed by atomic absorption, were significantly
higher for untreated groups than selenium-treated
groups (larger tumor size). The excess and adequate
vitamin B-6 selenium-treated groups had significantly
lower tumor selenium levels than the adequate vitamin
B-6 untreated group. Plasma pyridoxal phosphate
(concentrations) determined radiometrically and tumor
vitamin B-6 levels determined microbiologically, related directly to dietary treatments. Sodium selenite
injections and adequate vitamin B-6 diets reduced the
size of fibrosarcomas in BALB/c inbred mice.Master of Science
2
Kaur, Manveen. "Effect of rumen protected vitamin B complex on metabolic parameters, milk production and day 14 conceptus and endometrial gene expression in Holstein dairy cows." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63392.
Full textAbstract:
High milk production is associated with sub-fertility in dairy cows due to metabolic demands placed by lactation on the body. The aim of this project was to determine the effects of a rumen-protected vitamin B complex supplementation (VB) compared with a control diet containing no supplementation (CON) on the endometrial gene expression on d 14 of pregnancy. The secondary aim was to look at effect of VB on milk production and components; concentrations of β-hydroxybutyric acid, haptoglobin and progesterone in blood; and ovarian dynamics. Fifty-one multiparous Holstein cows from the herd at The University of British Columbia Dairy Education and Research Centre were enrolled into the study three weeks prior to parturition and were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments. Biweekly blood samples, weekly milk samples and daily feed intake were collected. Cows were enrolled onto a double-ovsynch protocol at 33±3 days post-partum and inseminated by timed artificial insemination (AI). Ovarian structures were monitored and measured using per rectum ultra-sonography. The uterus was flushed on day 14 post AI for conceptus collection and endometrial samples were collected at the same time. Data was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the generalized linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS. Overall, 42 cows were flushed and 13 embryos were collected. VB supplementation had no effect on the size of the embryo, ovulatory follicle size or CL size at embryo collection. Milk production and milk fat values were also similar between the two groups. BHBA and haptoglobin levels between the two groups were also similar. Analysis of expression of genes showed that OXTR, MUC5B, MUC1, IL1β, SPP, TRD, FZD8 and FOLR1 genes were significantly upregulated in the VB group. SELL, PLAU and MYH9 genes showed a tendency to be more upregulated in the endometrium of cows in the VB group compared to those in the CON group. In conclusion, expression of genes related to embryo development, immune system, adhesion and regulation of folate transport were upregulated by supplementation. VB supplementation did not affect of production and health outcomes in lactating dairy cows.Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
3
Sindihebura-Ruhumba, Pascaline. "Effect of controlled vitamin B-6 intake and pyridoxine supplementation on B-6 status of smokers." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27213.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies have found that smoking may have a negative effect on
vitamin B-6 indices and have demonstrated a possible association between smoking
and depressed plasma pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) concentration. Individuals with
plasma PLP values below the adequate level of 30 nmoles/L might benefit from
consumption of vitamin B-6 supplements, but no data are available on vitamin B-6
status in smokers consuming a controlled vitamin B-6 intake and receiving a vitamin
B-6 supplement. The objectives of this research were to assess vitamin B-6 status in
smokers as compared to non-smokers receiving a controlled diet and to evaluate the
effect of an oral vitamin B-6 supplementation in these subjects.
The vitamin B-6 (B-6) status of 5 (four males / one female) smokers (S) and 4
(three males / one female) non-smokers (NS) was assessed. A constant diet was fed
for 20 days and provided 1.95 mg of B-6 or 1.65 mg of B-6 for males and females,
respectively. For the last 10 days, an additional 2-mg of pyridoxine (PN) was given
daily. Blood samples were collected on days 1.7, 11.14 and 21; and 24 hour urine samples were collected daily. Urinary 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) and total B-6 (UB6)
excretion, plasma B-6 vitamers (PLP, PN, pyridoxal and 4-PA) and red blood cell
PLP (RBC PLP) concentrations, as well as plasma alkaline phosphatase activity
(APA) were determined. Mean plasma PLP, 4-PA, and RBC PLP concentrations
were significantly lower (P [less than or equal to] 0.05) at all time points in S compared to NS. With a
daily supplement of 2-mg vitamin B-6, the mean plasma PLP concentration of S
increased 85.8% but was 48.5% lower than that of NS consuming 1.65-1.95 mg/d of
B-6. Mean plasma pyridoxal concentrations were not different between S and NS
before and after supplementation. Excretion of 4-PA was not significantly different
between S and NS, but the mean values of 4-PA excretion were consistently greater
in NS compared to that of S throughout the 20-day study. The percent of ingested B-6 excreted as 4-PA for the S and NS was 38 and 49 in the non-supplemented period,
and 47 and 53 in the supplemented period, respectively, indicating that non-smokers
excreted more 4-PA than smokers. However, the difference in 4-PA excretion
between S and NS was not significantly different both before and after
supplementation (P>0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between S
and NS for plasma PN concentration, AP, and UB6 excretion for both periods.
Results suggested an adverse effect of smoking on B-6 metabolism, thus an increased
requirement of vitamin B-6 in smokers. A 2-mg PN supplement was sufficient to
bring the concentration of plasma PLP in smokers to the level suggested as adequate,
but it didn't bring it to the level of non-smokers.Graduation date: 1999
4
Beilstein, Michael A. "Effect of vitamin B-6 status on Selenium metabolism in the rat." Thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/25982.
Full text
5
Wan, Daisy. "Effect of dietary ethanol and zinc on vitamin B-6 metabolism in the rat." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/25987.
Full text
6
Kwak, Ho-Kyung. "Effect of varying levels of vitamin B-6 intake on lymphocyte mitogenic response and vitamin B-6 concentration in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26568.
Full textAbstract:
Two studies were conducted to determine the effect of varying vitamin B-6 (B-
6) status on lymphocyte mitogenic response and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)
concentration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in young women. In the
first study, women were fed 1 mg/d for the first week and 1.5, 2.1 and 2.7 mg/d during
2 weeks of each of the subsequent 3 experimental periods. Plasma PLP and urinary 4:
pyridoxic acid (4-PA) were increased with increasing B-6 intake. B-6 intake > 2.1 mg
significantly enhanced lymphocyte proliferation, and non-significantly increased
plasma interleukin-2 concentration. Lymphocyte proliferation was significantly
correlated with B-6 intake, erythrocyte aminotransferase activity coefficients and
plasma PLP. PBMC PLP tended to increase after 2 weeks of 2.7 mg B-6 intake, and
was significantly correlated with plasma PLP. In the second study, women consumed
their normal diets whose estimated mean dietary B-6 intake was 0.9 mg for 27 d. For
the last 20 d, all subjects were given a multivitamin supplement containing 1.8 mg B-
6, and half of the subjects were given an additional 50 mg of B-6 supplement. Plasma
PLP and urinary 4-PA were significantly higher in the group with 50 mg B-6, but
lymphocyte proliferation did not significantly differ between the groups. After 10 d of
supplementation, lymphocyte proliferation was significantly higher than the other time
points. A significant increase in PBMC PLP was observed after 3 days and 20 days
following 50 mg and multivitamin supplementation only, respectively. After 20 days
of supplementation, there was no significant difference of mean PBMC PLP between
the groups. PBMC PLP was significantly correlated with plasma PLP, PL and 4-PA.
In both studies, no strong relationship was found between PBMC PLP and lymphocyte
proliferation. The findings from these studies demonstrate no further benefit of a
higher B-6 intake than 2.1 mg on lymphocyte mitogenic response, once the response
was significantly enhanced with B-6 intake 0.8 mg higher than the current
recommendation. Finally, results from two studies suggest that the current
recommendation of vitamin B-6 for young women may not be adequate to maximize
lymphocyte mitogenic response and PLP concentration in PBMC.Graduation date: 2002
7
Virk, Ricky S. "The effect of vitamin B-6 supplementation on fuel utilization and plasma amino acids during exhaustive endurance exercise in men." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27134.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies suggest that vitamin B-6 supplementation can alter fuel metabolism during
exercise and plasma amino acid levels at rest. To examine the effect of vitamin B-6
supplementation on plasma fuel substrates and amino acid levels during exercise, five trained
males (age: 29±7; V0₂ max: 54.7±6.2 ml/kg/min) performed two separate submaximal,
endurance, exercise tests on a cycle ergometer. Subjects were exercised to exhaustion at
74.5±7.8% V0₂ max in a fasted condition on the seventh morning of two separate nine day
controlled diet periods. The first exercise test (T1) occurred following a control or non-supplemented
(NS) diet (i.e. 1.9 mg B-6/day), and the second exercise test (T2) occurred
following a vitamin B-6 supplemented (S) diet (i.e. 1.9 mg B-6/day + 20 mg PN/day). Blood
was drawn pre, during (i.e. 60 minutes into exercise), post, and post-60 minutes of exercise,
and plasma was analyzed for glucose, lactic acid, glycerol, free fatty acids (FFA), and amino
acids. Expired air was collected for three minutes at 10 minute intervals during both tests.
Although not statistically different, there were observed trends for higher mean lactate levels
and lower mean glycerol and FFA levels in T2 (S) compared to T1 (NS). Mean lactate, glycerol,
and FFA concentrations all changed statistically significantly over time in both exercise tests.
Mean plasma tyrosine levels were significantly lower (p = 0.007) at post-60 minutes of exercise
and mean plasma methionine levels were significantly lower (p = 0.03) at post-exercise in T2
relative to T1. Of the 13 amino acids quantitated, only alanine and histidine concentrations changed significantly over time. Although not statistically significant, mean respiratory
exchange (R) values tended to be higher in T2 compared to T1. Mean oxygen consumption
values were significantly higher (p = 0.02) during the first 10 minutes of exercise and at
multiple later time points showed a trend for being higher in T2 compared to T1. No
statistically significant differences were observed in subjects' performance times to exhaustion
between T1 (1:35:49; hr:min:sec) and T2 (1:31:56). These results indicate that vitamin B-6
supplementation can potentially alter fuel metabolism and plasma amino acid levels during
exhaustive endurance exercise; however, not to such a degree that one's endurance capacity
is affected.Graduation date: 1995
8
Virk, Ricky S. "Effect of vitamin B-6 supplementation on fuel utilization during exhaustive endurance exercise in men." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30260.
Full text
9
Young, Jennifer Charity. "Supplemental vitamin B-6 and endurance exercise effects on plasma catecholamines of trained male cyclists." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27440.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the effect of vitamin B-6 supplementation and exhaustive
submaximal exercise on plasma catecholamine concentrations, and the relationship
between plasma catecholamines and fuel use, heart rate and oxygen consumption. Five
trained men (age= 18-35 years; V0₂max=53 ml 0₂/kg/min.) participated in two controlled
dietary periods that were identical except for the addition of 20 mg/d pyridoxine (PN)
supplementation during the second period. On the seventh morning of each period, fasted
subjects exercised to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer at 74.5% ± 7.8 V0₂max. Blood
was drawn pre-exercise (twice), 60 minutes into exercise, immediately post-exercise and
60 minutes post-exercise. Plasma was analyzed for norepinephrine, epinephrine, glucose,
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), lactic acid, glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA). Heart rate
and oxygen consumption were measured pre-exercise and at 10-minute intervals during
exercise. Mean plasma PLP concentration was significantly higher during the
supplemented versus the nonsupplemented trial at all time points. There were no
statistically significant differences in mean plasma catecholamine concentrations or mean
plasma fuel concentrations between the nonsupplemented and supplemented trials at any of
the time points examined. There were significant changes in the mean plasma
concentrations of norepinephrine, lactic acid, glycerol and FFA over time in both trials.
Respiratory exchange ratios (R) were higher during the supplemented trial compared to the
nonsupplemented trial, but the differences did not attain statistical significance. There
were no significant differences in mean exercise times to exhaustion or mean heart rates
between the trials. The overall mean oxygen consumption during exercise was
consistently higher during the supplemented versus the nonsupplemented trial and the
difference attained significance (p=0.016) at one time point (10 min.). The mean oxygen
consumption during rest was lower during supplementation versus nonsupplementation,
but the difference was not statistically significant. The percent plasma volume change
(PVC) was significantly greater at post-exercise, relative to pre-exercise, during the
supplemented versus the nonsupplemented trial. The percent PVC also increased
significantly over time during the supplemented but not the nonsupplemented trial. These
results suggest that 20 mg/d of vitamin B-6 supplementation does not effect plasma
catecholamine concentrations, fuel utilization or heart rate at rest or during submaximal
exercise to exhaustion. The results may suggest a higher oxygen consumption during
exhaustive exercise after PN supplementation.Graduation date: 1996
10
Skoog, Ingrid A. "Effects of vitamin B-6 supplementation and exercise to exhaustion on nitrogen balance, total urinary nitrogen & urinary urea in trained male cyclists." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36486.
Full textBooks on the topic "Vitamin B complex Physiological effect"
1
McCully, Kilmer S. The Heart Revolution. New York: HarperCollins, 2007.
Find full text
2
McCully, Kilmer S. The heart revolution: The extraordinary discovery that finally laid the cholesterol myth to rest. New York: HarperPerennial, 2000.
Find full text
3
McCully, Kilmer S. The heart revolution: The B vitamin breakthrough that lowers homocysteine, cuts your risk of heart disease, and protects your health. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 1999.
Find full text
4
Victoria, Colby, ed. Homocysteine: The secret killer. New Canaan, Conn: Keats Pub., 1997.
Find full text
5
1941-, Leklem James E., and Reynolds Robert D. 1943-, eds. Clinical and physiological applications of vitamin B-6: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Vitamin B-6, held in Goslar-Hahnenklee, Germany, August 24-28, 1987. New York: Liss, 1988.
Find full text
6
1943-, Himberg J. J., ed. B vitamins in medicine: Proceedings of a symposium held in Helsinki, October 1985. Braunschweig: F. Vieweg, 1986.
Find full text
7
Mccully, Kilmer, and Martha Mccully. The Heart Revolution: The Extraordinary Discovery That Finally Laid the Cholesterol Myth to Rest. Harper Paperbacks, 2000.
Find full text
8
Mccully, Kilmer, and Martha Mccully. The Heart Revolution: The Extraordinary Discovery That Finally Laid the Cholesterol Myth to Rest. Harper Paperbacks, 2000.
Find full text
9
Homocysteine: The New "Cholesterol". McGraw-Hill, 1999.
Find full text
10
Beilstein, Michael A. Effect of vitamin B-6 status on Selenium metabolism in the rat. 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Vitamin B complex Physiological effect"
1
H. Al-Shekaili, Hilal, Clara van Karnebeek, and Blair R. Leavitt. "Vitamin B6 and Related Inborn Errors of Metabolism." In B-Complex Vitamins - Sources, Intakes and Novel Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99751.
Full textAbstract:
Vitamin B6 (vitB6) is a generic term that comprises six interconvertible pyridine compounds. These vitB6 compounds (also called vitamers) are pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL) and their 5′-phosphorylated forms pyridoxine 5′-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate (PMP) and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP). VitB6 is an essential nutrient for all living organisms, but only microorganisms and plants can carry out de novo synthesis of this vitamin. Other organisms obtain vitB6 from dietary sources and interconvert its different forms according to their needs via a biochemical pathway known as the salvage pathway. PLP is the biologically active form of vitB6 which is important for maintaining the biochemical homeostasis of the body. In the human body, PLP serves as a cofactor for more than 140 enzymatic reactions, mainly associated with synthesis, degradation and interconversion of amino acids and neurotransmitter metabolism. PLP-dependent enzymes are also involved in various physiological processes, including biologically active amine biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, heme synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, protein and polyamine synthesis and several other metabolic pathways. PLP is an important vitamer for normal brain function since it is required as a coenzyme for the synthesis of several neurotransmitters including D-serine, D-aspartate, L-glutamate, glycine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, histamine and dopamine. Intracellular levels of PLP are tightly regulated and conditions that disrupt this homeostatic regulation can cause disease. In humans, genetic and dietary (intake of high doses of vitB6) conditions leading to increase in PLP levels is known to cause motor and sensory neuropathies. Deficiency of PLP in the cell is also implicated in several diseases, the most notable example of which are the vitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies. VitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies (B6EEs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of rare inherited metabolic disorders. These debilitating conditions are characterized by recurrent seizures in the prenatal, neonatal, or postnatal period, which are typically resistant to conventional anticonvulsant treatment but are well-controlled by the administration of PN or PLP. In addition to seizures, children affected with B6EEs may also suffer from developmental and/or intellectual disabilities, along with structural brain abnormalities. Five main types of B6EEs are known to date, these are: PN-dependent epilepsy due to ALDH7A1 (antiquitin) deficiency (PDE-ALDH7A1) (MIM: 266100), hyperprolinemia type 2 (MIM: 239500), PLP-dependent epilepsy due to PNPO deficiency (MIM: 610090), hypophosphatasia (MIM: 241500) and PLPBP deficiency (MIM: 617290). This chapter provides a review of vitB6 and its different vitamers, their absorption and metabolic pathways in the human body, the diverse physiological roles of vitB6, PLP homeostasis and its importance for human health. Finally, the chapter reviews the inherited neurological disorders affecting PLP homeostasis with a special focus on vitB6-dependent epileptic encephalopathies (B6EEs), their different subtypes, the pathophysiological mechanism underlying each type, clinical and biochemical features and current treatment strategies.
Conference papers on the topic "Vitamin B complex Physiological effect"
1
Rosing, J., H. Speijer, J. W. P. Govers-Riemslag, and R. F. A. Zwaal. "THE EFFECT OF PROCOAGULANT PHOSPHOLIPID VESICLES WITH NET POSITIVE CHARGE ON THE ACTIVITY OF PROTHROMBINASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643839.
Full textAbstract:
It is generally thought that procoagulant phospholipid surfaces that promote the activation of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors should have a net negative charge in order to promote calcium-dependent binding of the enzymes (FVIIa, FIXa and FXa) and substrates (prothrombin and FX) of the coagulation factor-activating complexes. Two models have been proposed to explain calcium-mediated association of vitamin K-dependent proteins with phospholipid: a) an electrostatic model, in which a positively-charged protein-calcium complex is attracted by a negatively-charged phospholipid surface and b) a chelation model in which a coordination complex is formed between calcium ions, γ-carboxyglutamic acids of the proteins and negatively-charged membrane phospholipids. To study the effect of the electrostatic potential of phospholipid vesicles on their activity in the pro-thrombinase complex the net charge of vesicles was varied by introduction of varying amounts of positively-charged stearylamine in the membrane surface. Introduction of 0-15 mole% stearylamine in phospholipid vesicles that contained 5 mole% phosphatidylseri-ne (PS) hardly affected their activity in prothrombin activation. Electrophoretic analysis showed that vesicles with > 5 mole% stearylamine had a net positive charge. The procoagulant activity of vesicles that contained phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglyce-rol, phosphatidylinositol or phosphatidyl-glactate (PLac) as acidic phospholipid was much more effected by incorporation of stearylamine. Amounts of stearylamine that compensated the negative charge of acidic phospholipid caused considerable inhibition of the activity of the latter vesicles in prothrombin activation. The comparison of vesicles containing PS and PLac as acidic phospholipid is of special interest. PS and PLac only differ by the presence of NH+ 3-group in the serine moiety of PS. Thus, in spite of the fact that vesicles with PLac are more negatively charged than vesicles with PS, they are less procoagulant. Our results show that a) although procoagulant membranes have to contain acidic phospholipids there is no requirement for a net negative charge, b) the amino group of phosphatidylserine has an important function in the interaction of procoagulant membranes with vitamin K-dependent proteins and c) the chelation model can satisfactorily explain calcium-mediated lipid-protein association.
2
MALINAUSKAITĖ, Regina, and Edvardas KAZLAUSKAS. "INVESTIGATION OF SOW LENTIL REACTION TO IONIZED ALKALINE WATER DURING EARLY STAGES OF ONTOGENESIS." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.020.
Full textAbstract:
Plant physiological processes related to plant growth and development strongly depends on the environmental stress factors. Response to stress appears as a complex of different reactions with a particular feedback on plants. Influence of ionized alkaline water to sow lentil physiological reactions was investigated by analyzing changes in biomass accumulation, assimilates partitioning and pigment content. Ionized alkaline water at (8.4 pH) was applied during 6–7 and 8–9 leaves development stage. According to experiment results, at the latest stage of investigation, ionized alkaline water increased lens dry matter content more than 1.44 times. During experimental time increase in dry matter content was 13.96 %, when control plants gained only 3.47 %. Ionized alkaline water application resulted in 8.58 % significantly higher root dry matter content compare to control variant. Results of our experiment revealed the significant effect of ionized alkaline water to chlorophyll content. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in control plants had a tendency to decline, whereas in experimental variant with ionized water, increase in pigment concentration was observed.
3
Hubbard, A. R., and C. A. Jennings. "TISSUE FACTOR-FACTOR VII INHIBITION REQUIRES FACTOR Xa AND PLASMA LIPOPROTEINS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643291.
Full textAbstract:
Tissue factor rapidly loses procoagulant activity when incubated with defibrmated normal plasma and calcium ions. Inhibition is apparently directed against the tissue factor-Factor VII complex (TF-EVII) and requires Factor Xa and a component(s) found in A1 (OH)3-adsorbed plasma (AP). We have developed a two stage assay for the inhibitor which involves first, the incubation of a TF-FVII complex with test material in the presence of Factor Xa, followed by the amidolytic assay of residual TF-EVII activity.Our studies have indicated that the component of AP responsible for this effect is lipoprotein. Incubation of AP with antiserum to apo-lipoprotein B (apo B) reduced the inhibitory activity by 73%, whereas antisera to antithrombin III and a2-macroglobulin had no effect. Inhibition by AP does not appear to be caused by an artefact of adsorption, since the inhibitory-capacity of AP was 59% of normal, defibrinated plasma. This correlated well with the apo B antigen in AP, which was 64% of normal. Moreover, the dose/response lines of AP and normal plasma were parallel, suggesting that the inhibitor assay is not affected by the presence of normal levels of coagulation factors.Purified lipoprotein-rich fractions prepared from AP using density gradient ultracentrifugation all contained inhibitory activity. Incubation of these fractions with anti-apo B greatly reduced the inhibition by the very low density and low density lipoprotein-rich fractions (VLDL and LDL) but had essentially no effect on the high density lipoprotein-rich fractions (HDL). Incubation of LDL with Factor Xa produced an inhibitory component which eluted together with the apo B antigen during gel filtration. Inhibition appears to require the interaction of Factor Xa with plasma lipoproteins, particularly LDL. The product of this interaction is then able to bind and inhibit the TF EVII complex. The requirement of Factor Xa in order for inhibition to be expressed is indicative of a feedback anticoagulant response which may have physiological significance.
4
Liu, Wing Kam, and Ashfaq Adnan. "Multiscale Modeling and Simulation for Nanodiamond-Based Therapeutic Delivery." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13273.
Full textAbstract:
It has been demonstrated from recent research that nanodiamond(ND)-enabled drug delivery as cancer therapeutics represents an important component of optimized device functionality. The goal of the current research is to develop a multiscale modeling technique to understand the fundamental mechanism of a ND-based cancer therapeutic drug delivery system. The major components of the proposed device include nanodiamonds (ND), parylene buffer layer and doxorubicin (DOX) drugs, where DOX loaded self-assembled nanodiamonds are packed inside parylene capsule. The efficient functioning of the device is characterized by its ability to precisely detect targets (cancer cells) and then to release drugs at a controlled manner. The fundamental science issues concerning the development of the ND-based device includes (a) a precise identification of the equilibrium structure, surface electrostatics and self assembled morphology of nanodiamonds, (b) understanding of the drug/biomarker adsorption and desorption process to and from NDs, (c) rate of drug release through the parylene buffers, and finally, (d) device performance under physiological condition. In this study, we aim to systematically address these issues using a multscale computational framework. Specifically, the structure and electrostatics of the functionalized NDs are predicted by quantum scale calculation (Density Functional Tight Binding). The DFTB) study on smaller NDs suggests a facet dependent charge distributions on ND surfaces. Using the charges for smaller NDs (∼ valid for 1–3.3 nm dia ND), we then determined surface charges for larger (4–10 nm) truncated octahedral nanodiamonds (TOND). We found that the [100] face and the [111] face contain positively and negatively charged atoms, respectively. Employing this surface electrostatics of nanodiamonds, atomistic-scale simulations are performed to simulate the self-assembly process of the NDs and drug molecules in a solution as well as to evaluate nanoscale diffusion coefficient of DOX molecules. In order to quantify the nature of the aggregate morphology, a fractal analysis has been performed. The mass fractal dimensions for a variety of aggregate size have been obtained from molecular simulations assuming ‘diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA)’ process. Then, by considering the experimentally observed aggregate dimensions, by using DLA based fractal analysis and by utilizing Lagvankar-Gemmell Model for aggregate density, a continuum model for larger aggregates will be developed to characterize aggregate strengths and break-up mechanism, which in turn will help us to understand how aggregate size can be reduced. In this talk, an outline for this continuum model will be discussed. In addition, we have been performing molecular simulations on DOX-ND where multiple drug molecules are allowed to interact with a cluster of self-assembled nanodiamonds in pH controlled solution. The purpose of this study is to find the effect of solution pH on the loading and release of drug to and from nanodiamonds. Our initial results show that a higher pH is necessary to ensure drug release from nanodiamonds. Once we completely understand the essential physics of pH controlled drug loading and release, we plan to develop multiscale models of tumor nodules to represent them as a collection of individual tumor cells. Each cell will be then modeled as a deformable body comprised of three homogenous materials: cortex membrane, cytosol and nucleus. The cortex membrane and the cytosol will serve as a weak permeable medium where the absorption coefficients of the doxorubicin remain constant and obey Fick’s law. In this study, it will be assumed that drug release from the microdevice to its outer periphery will be governed by Fickian Diffusion. It will also be assumed that the complex flow of drug through the interstitial fluid of the body will be dictated by Darcy’s law. It will be assumed that the solute drug transport in these regions will be due to a combination of convection, diffusion, elimination in the intra- and extra-cellular space, receptive cell internalization and degradation. Results from this study will provide fundamental insight on the definitive targeting of infected cells and high resolution controlling of drug molecules.
Reports on the topic "Vitamin B complex Physiological effect"
1
Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia, Peter Kaufman, Shimon Meir, and Abraham Halevy. Signal Transduction Pathway of Hormonal Action in Control and Regulation of the Gravitropic Response of Cut Flowering Stems during Storage and Transport. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7695838.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Original objectives: The basic goal of the present project was to increase our understanding of the cellular mechanisms operating during the gravitropic response of cut flowers, for solving their bending problem without affecting flower quality. Thus, several elements operating at the 3 levels o the gravity-induced signal transduction pathway, were proposed to be examined in snapdragon stems according to the following research goals: 1) Signaling: characterize the signal transduction pathway leading to the gravitropic response, regarding the involvement of [Ca2+]cyt as a mediator of IAA movement and sensitivity to auxin. 2) Transduction by plant hormones: a) Examine the involvement of auxin in the gravitropic response of flower stems with regard to: possible participation of auxin binding protein (ABP), auxin redistribution, auxin mechanism of action (activation of H+-ATPase) mediation by changes in [Ca2+]cyt and possible regulation of auxin-induced Ca2+ action b: calmodulin-activated or Ca2+-activated protein kinases (PK). b) Examine the involvement of ethylene in the gravitropic response of flower stems with regard to auxin-induced ethylene production and sensitivity of the tissue to ethylene. 3) Response: examine the effect of gravistimulation on invertase (associated with growth and elongation) activity and invertase gene expression. 4) Commercial practice: develop practical and simple treatments to prevent bending of cut flowers grown for export. Revisions: 1) Model systems: in addition to snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.), 3 other model shoe systems, consisting of oat (Avena sativa) pulvini, Ornithogalun 'Nova' cut flowers and Arabidopsis thaliana inflorescence, were targeted to confirm a more general mechanism for shoot gravitropism. 2 Research topics: the involvement of ABP, auxin action, PK and invertase in the gravitropic response of snapdragon stems could not be demonstrated. Alternatively, the involvement in the gravity signaling cascade of several other physiological mediators apart of [Ca2+]cyt such as: IP3, protein phosphorylation and actin cytoskeleton, was shown. Additional topics introduced: starch statolith reorientation, differential expression of early auxin responsive genes, and differential shoot growth. Background to the topic: The gravitropic bending response of flowering shoots occurring upon their horizontal placement during shipment exhibits a major horticultural problem. In spite of extensive studies in various aboveground organs, the gravitropic response was hardly investigated in flowering shoots. Being a complex multistep process that requires the participation of various cellular components acting in succession or in parallel, analysis of the negative gravitropic response of shoot includes investigation of signal transduction elements and various regulatory physiological mediators. Major achievements: 1) A correlative role for starch statoliths as gravireceptors in flowering shoot was initially established. 2) Differentially phosphorylated proteins and IP3 levels across the oat shoe pulvini, as well as a differential appearance of 2 early auxin-responsive genes in snapdragon stems were all detected within 5-30 minutes following gravistimulation. 3) Unlike in roots, involvement of actin cytoskeleton in early events of the gravitropic response of snapdragon shoots was established. 4) An asymmetric IAA distribution, followed by an asymmetric ethylene production across snapdragon stems was found following gravistimulation. 5) The gravity-induced differential growth in shoots of snapdragon was derived from initial shrinkage of the upper stem side and a subsequent elongation o the lower stem side. 6) Shoot bending could be successfully inhibited by Ca2+ antagonists (that serve as a basis for practical treatments), kinase and phosphatase inhibitors and actin-cytoskeleton modulators. All these agents did not affect vertical growth. The essential characterization of these key events and their sequence led us to the conclusion that blocking gravity perception may be the most powerful means to inhibit bending without hampering shoot and flower growth after harvest. Implications, scientific and agriculture: The innovative results of this project have provided some new insight in the basic understanding of gravitropism in flower stalks, that partially filled the gap in our knowledge, and established useful means for its control. Additionally, our analysis has advanced the understanding of important and fundamental physiological processes involved, thereby leading to new ideas for agriculture. Gravitropism has an important impact on agriculture, particularly for controlling the bending of various important agricultural products with economic value. So far, no safe control of the undesired bending problem of flower stalks has been established. Our results show for the first time that shoot bending of cut flowers can be inhibited without adverse effects by controlling the gravity perception step with Ca2+ antagonists and cytoskeleton modulators. Such a practical benefit resulting from this project is of great economic value for the floriculture industry.
2
Wolf, Shmuel, and William J. Lucas. Involvement of the TMV-MP in the Control of Carbon Metabolism and Partitioning in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7570560.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The function of the 30-kilodalton movement protein (MP) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is to facilitate cell-to-cell movement of viral progeny in infected plants. Our earlier findings have indicated that this protein has a direct effect on plasmodesmal function. In addition, these studies demonstrated that constitutive expression of the TMV MP gene (under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter) in transgenic tobacco plants significantly affects carbon metabolism in source leaves and alters the biomass distribution between the various plant organs. The long-term goal of the proposed research was to better understand the factors controlling carbon translocation in plants. The specific objectives were: A) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants a virally-encoded (TMV-MP) gene that affects plasmodesmal functioning and photosynthate partitioning under tissue-specific promoters. B) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants the TMV-MP gene under the control of promoters which are tightly repressed by the Tn10-encoded Tet repressor, to enable the expression of the protein by external application of tetracycline. C) To explore the mechanism by which the TMV-MP interacts with the endogenous control o~ carbon allocation. Data obtained in our previous project together with the results of this current study established that the TMV-MP has pleiotropic effects when expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. In addition to its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit, it alters carbohydrate metabolism in source leaves and dry matter partitioning between the various plant organs, Expression of the TMV-MP in various tissues of transgenic potato plants indicated that sugars and starch levels in source leaves are reduced below those of control plants when the TMV-MP is expressed in green tissue only. However, when the TMV-MP was expressed predominantly in PP and CC, sugar and starch levels were raised above those of control plants. Perhaps the most significant result obtained from experiments performed on transgenic potato plants was the discovery that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbohydrate allocation within source leaves was under developmental control and was exerted only during tuber development. The complexity of the mode by which the TMV-MP exerts its effect on the process of carbohydrate allocation was further demonstrated when transgenic tobacco plants were subjected to environmental stresses such as drought stress and nutrients deficiencies, Collectively, these studies indicated that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbon allocation L the result of protein-protein interaction within the source tissue. Based on these results, together with the findings that plasmodesmata potentiate the cell-to-cell trafficking of viral and endogenous proteins and nucleoproteins complexes, we developed the theme that at the whole plant level, the phloem serves as an information superhighway. Such a long-distance communication system may utilize a new class of signaling molecules (proteins and/or RNA) to co-ordinate photosynthesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism in source leaves with the complex growth requirements of the plant under the prevailing environmental conditions. The discovery that expression of viral MP in plants can induce precise changes in carbon metabolism and photoassimilate allocation, now provide a conceptual foundation for future studies aimed at elucidating the communication network responsible for integrating photosynthetic productivity with resource allocation at the whole-plant level. Such information will surely provide an understanding of how plants coordinate the essential physiological functions performed by distantly-separated organs. Identification of the proteins involved in mediating and controlling cell-to-cell transport, especially at the companion cell-sieve element boundary, will provide an important first step towards achieving this goal.