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Journal articles on the topic 'Visitor management'
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Suklabaidya, Paramita, and Monika Aggarwal. "Visitor Management at UNWHS." Atna Journal of Tourism Studies 15, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 81–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.12727/ajts.24.5.
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Studies have shown a significant increase in the number of visitors to the site after being featured on the UNWHS list which leads to visitation pressure and impacts thereof on the site. Visitor management at the UNWHS is the need of the hour. The paper aims to critically analyse the existing visitor management plan at the selected UNWHS - Taj Mahal, the second-best UNWHS in the world with more than 8 million visitors every year (timesofindia.indiatimes.com, tribuneindia.com, indiatoday. in, hindustantimes.com, 2017), and to suggest numerous proactive and reactive measures to bring about an effective Visitor Management strategy for the Site. The descriptive and exploratory research methodology has been used along with a mixed approach of both Quantitative and Qualitative Methods. Literature review of Visitor Management practices followed at UNWHS globally and an in-depth study of opinion of different groups – Site Managers, Travel agents, Guides, Visitors visiting the site helped conclude, that to defy the harmful impact of the visitation and to give an enhanced experience, an effective marketing plan with strict conservation and preservation practices have to be implemented in collaboration with locals, stakeholders and the government agencies
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Chaudhary, Bhushan. "Visitor Management System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 5 (May 31, 2021): 750–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34279.
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Huettermann, Marcel, Tatjana Thimm, Frank Hannich, and Christine Bild. "Requirements for future digital visitor flow management." Journal of Tourism Futures 5, no. 3 (October 9, 2019): 241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jtf-03-2019-0023.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine visitor management in the German-Swiss border area of the Lake Constance region. Taking a customer perspective, it determines the requirements for an application with the ability to optimize personal mobility. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative study and a survey of focus groups were conducted to identify movement patterns of different types of visitors and their requirements concerning the development of a visitor management application. Findings Visitors want an application that provides real-time forecasts of issues such as traffic, parking and queues and, at the same time, enables them to create a personal activity schedule based on this information. Research limitations/implications Not every subsample reached a sufficient number of cases to yield representative results. Practical implications The results may lead to an optimization and management separation of mobility flows in the research area and be helpful to municipal planners, destination marketing organizations and visitors. Originality/value The German border cities of Konstanz, Radolfzell and Singen in the Lake Constance region need improved visitor management, mainly because of a high level of shopping tourism by Swiss visitors to Germany. In the Summer months, Lake Constance is also a popular destination for leisure tourists, which causes overtourism. For the first time, the results of this research presented here offer possible solutions, in particular by showing how a mobile application for visitors could defuse the situation.
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Arkema, Katie K., David M. Fisher, Katherine Wyatt, Spencer A. Wood, and Hanna J. Payne. "Advancing Sustainable Development and Protected Area Management with Social Media-Based Tourism Data." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (February 24, 2021): 2427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052427.
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Sustainable tourism involves increasingly attracting visitors while preserving the natural capital of a destination for future generations. To foster tourism while protecting sensitive environments, coastal managers, tourism operators, and other decision-makers benefit from information about where tourists go and which aspects of the natural and built environment draw them to particular locations. Yet this information is often lacking at management-relevant scales and in remote places. We tested and applied methods using social media as data on tourism in The Bahamas. We found that visitation, as measured by numbers of geolocated photographs, is well correlated with counts of visitors from entrance surveys for islands and parks. Using this relationship, we predicted nearly 4 K visitor-days to the network of Bahamian marine protected areas annually, with visitation varying more than 20-fold between the most and least visited parks. Next, to understand spatial patterns of tourism for sustainable development, we combined social media-based data with entrance surveys for Andros, the largest island in The Bahamas. We estimated that tourists spend 125 K visitor-nights and more than US$45 M in the most highly visited district, five times that of the least visited district. We also found that tourists prefer accessible, natural landscapes—such as reefs near lodges—that can be reached by air, roads, and ferries. The results of our study are being used to inform development and conservation decisions, such as where to invest in infrastructure for visitor access and accommodation, siting new marine protected areas, and management of established protected areas. Our work provides an important example of how to leverage social media as a source of data to inform strategies that encourage tourism, while conserving the environments that draw visitors to a destination in the first place.
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Cvelbar, Ljubica Knezevic, Mojca Mayr, and Damjan Vavpotic. "Geographical mapping of visitor flow in tourism." Tourism Economics 24, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 701–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618776749.
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The available technology enables us to access a large amount of data shared by tourists on tourism web platforms. Such data include the exact geographical location visited, the time of a visit, and the identifier of a visitor. This article aims to identify the visitor flows in the North East Adriatic region. Visitor flows are groups of repetitive movements of visitors through the geographical space within a certain travel. We identified 31 groups of strategic visitor flows between 188 destinations in the region. The proposed methodological approach is unique and had not been used in this context before. By connecting new approaches in destination management and economic planning, we aim to improve the theoretical and practical knowledge in this field.
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Qaddhat, Ranea Mohammed, Hanaa Abedlkader Fayed, and Ghada Mohamed Wafik. "Evaluation of Visitor Management and its Impact on Visitor Experience and Satisfaction at Archaeological Sites in Jordan (Case Study: Jerash)." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 1 (January 17, 2021): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0022.
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This study aims to assess visitor management at the Jerash archaeological site in Jordan. It also sheds light on their approaches in guiding and managing visitors at the site, and to discover the effectiveness of adopting indirect approaches (soft strategies) by comparison to using direct approaches (hard strategies). This study examines the effects of visitor management practices on the level of experience quality for visitors, as well as on their satisfaction. The primary data has been obtained from various tools, mainly a survey questionnaire. The study has used descriptive analysis and linear regression. Moreover, the researcher has used site observation to assists in supporting, or refuting, the findings. The study has revealed an effect of visitor management on the visitor quality of experience and visitor satisfaction. The study has come up with many recommendations that will improve the effectiveness of visitor management at the Jerash site.
Received: 9 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
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Juma, Leanard Otwori, Izabella Mária Bakos, and Aniko Khademi-Vidra. "Nature Interpretation and Visitor Management Objectives: A Survey of Tourist Attitudes at Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 4, 2020): 7246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187246.
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Nature interpretation has been advocated as a soft and non-obtrusive on-site visitor management strategy to enhance visitor knowledge and understanding of the resource, mitigate visitor impacts, encourage the conservation and improvement of attraction areas, and assist visitors in enjoying their visit. However, the way in which nature interpretation programs are implemented, and the subsequent attitudes created amongst visitors can pose a challenge to the effectiveness of nature interpretation as a visitor management strategy. The situation becomes more complicated with limited resources to implement, monitor, and evaluate nature interpretation in expansive wilderness areas like Masai Mara National Reserve (MMNR). The question therefore is, does nature interpretation in MMNR create favourable attitudes amongst wildlife tourists, consequently leading to enhanced visitor experiences and satisfaction of the support for conservations, or not? This research, therefore, sought to establish the extent to which the attitudes created by nature interpretation affect visitor satisfaction or the enhanced visitor experience and support for conservation, broadly termed as visitor management objectives in MMNR Kenya. Thus, Ho1 postulated that attitudes created by nature interpretation do not influence visitors’ support for conservation in MMNR, and Ho2, that attitudes created by nature interpretation do not enhance visitor experience and satisfaction in MMNR. This study used a structured questionnaire for the survey to collect data from a sample of 351 respondents as a proportion of visitors into MMNR. Research findings revealed that a moderate relationship between attitudes created by nature interpretation and support to conservation with rs = 0.426 and p = 0.000, thus null hypothesis H01 was rejected. Secondly, results showed that attitudes created by nature interpretation moderately affected visitor satisfaction rs = 0.478 and p = 0.000, while similarly, null hypothesis H02 was rejected. The research concluded that various forms of NI result in the formation of attitudes that moderately affect support for conservation and visitor satisfaction. The study concluded that enhanced nature interpretation training and awareness creation, along with continual improvement initiatives, could unlock its full potential as a visitor management strategy. This consistent, well-coordinated, and diligent implementation of nature interpretation initiatives by all stakeholders in MMNR would sustain a cumulative, long-term impact.
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Dowling, Ross K., and David Newsome. "Geotourism Destinations – Visitor Impacts and Site Management Considerations." Czech Journal of Tourism 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 111–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjot-2017-0006.
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Abstract Geotourism is becoming a well established form of tourism based on the geological environment. It offers a new form of sustainable tourism which is more holistic then previous niche forms of tourism. However, with more people than ever visiting natural areas worldwide, the cumulative impacts of visitors on geological sites is increasing. This paper surveys visitor impacts and site management at geological sites which are geotourism destinations. We describe geotourism which is the engine driving the core activities of conservation, education and sustainable development in geoparks. We then outline some lessons learned from management in dealing with visitor impacts at a heavily visited geopark in Taiwan, a volcano in Indonesia, and a coastal World Heritage site in England. The importance of education is emphasized for geo-climbing in Spain and all-terrain vehicles in Poland. A number of site management approaches are noted, including the importance of guiding as a management strategy as well as the value of a positive involvement by the local community. Finally, some examples are given of the risks associated with tourism activities in volcanic areas as well as related appropriate management activities.
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Olya, Hossein, Timothy Hyungsoo Jung, Mandy Claudia Tom Dieck, and Kisang Ryu. "Engaging visitors of science festivals using augmented reality: asymmetrical modelling." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 32, no. 2 (January 27, 2020): 769–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-10-2018-0820.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore a complex combination of four realms of the experience economy in formulating memories and satisfaction among festival visitors by using augmented reality (AR), thus engaging visitors in the physical science experience. This study also identifies necessary conditions to achieve desired responses from visitors. Design/methodology/approach Asymmetrical modelling with fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was used to investigate causal recipes of two configurations of the experience economy and evaluation of experience leading to both high and low scores from visitor engagement. Necessary condition analysis was applied to examine necessary predictors in visitor engagement. The proposed configuration model was tested by using data obtained from visitors to science festivals in the UK. Findings Five causal recipes explained the complex conditions in which visitors were more likely engaged in AR. Aesthetics, education, entertainment and satisfaction were necessary for high engagement among festival visitors. Research limitations/implications The results from fsQCA and analyses of necessary conditions help festival organizers improve visitor satisfaction and engagement in a memorable AR experience. Originality/value This empirical study deepens current festival understanding of how visitors experience AR by exploring combinations of complex configurations of the experience economy and evaluations of visitor experience based on memories and satisfaction. Unlike symmetrical approaches, asymmetrical modelling by using fsQCA can explore recipes for both high and low scores of visitor satisfaction and engagement. This is the first empirical study investigating necessary predictors of festival visitor behaviour.
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Nuryyev, Guych, and Jennet Achyldurdyyeva. "Visitor behaviour and profitability of Turkmenbashi World of Fairytales in Turkmenistan." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology 6, no. 1 (March 16, 2015): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhtt-01-2015-0006.
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Purpose – This paper aims to discuss visitor behaviour and net present value (NPV) of the only theme park in Turkmenistan – Turkmenbashi World of Fairytales. Design/methodology/approach – Visitor behaviour, in terms of allocating time and expenditure to different parts of the theme park, is analysed using time and cost blocks. The data from a questionnaire answered by 317 visitors are employed in the descriptive analysis of visitor behaviour. The data on visitor behaviour are also incorporated into an estimation of the theme park’s net present value, as well as its sensitivity and scenario analyses. Findings – The results show that the park is mostly visited by young people, at the time before noon or after 4 p.m. A majority of the visitors do not spend a significant amount in the theme park. Hence, achieving positive NPV may require improved revenue growth. Originality/value – Turkmenbashi World of Fairytales is one of few publicly owned theme parks in the world. This provides a unique opportunity to test if positive NPV plays any role in construction of a public theme park.
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Deng, Jinyang, and Rogelio Andrada. "Visitors' Spatial Movement Patterns and Market Segmentation in Washington, DC." Tourism Analysis 25, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354220x15758301241576.
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Visitors' movement patterns can provide important information on popular sites visited and the timing of visits. Such information can be used for transportation planning, appropriate use and management of tourism resources/facilities, and market segmentation. Traditional market segmentation methods typically use one or more nonspatial variables, which cannot reflect the spatial consumption of a destination if the spatial movement patterns are not considered. While studies on visitors' spatial movements in an urban area have recently gained popularity, few, if any, have investigated visitors' spatial movements in relation to urban forests (i. e., parks, gardens, and green spaces in an urban area). In view of this, this study segments visitor markets in Washington, DC based on dominant movement patterns of 1,090 visitors. General log-linear models are used to identify dominant movement patterns and poLCA in R Studio is used for segmentation analysis. Ten significant movement patterns are identified, including seven two-ward patterns and three three-ward patterns, with the National Mall as the most visited area in the city. Findings of this study are useful for the maintenance of urban forests, the design of visitor itineraries, and the effective marketing and management of attractions and facilities in the city.
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Zelenka, Josef, and Jaroslav Kacetl. "Visitor management in protected areas." Czech Journal of Tourism 2, no. 1 (September 1, 2013): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cjot-2013-0001.
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Abstract Visitor management is often too narrowly connected with mass/individual tourism in protected areas. Generally, visitor management can be used in any destination for mass and individual tourism also in connection with optimization of visitor flows, visitor concentration, and optimization of visitor impacts in a very broad sense. This paper focuses on the introduction of the theoretical concept of visitor management; it discusses different visitor management approaches and their principles, compares these approaches, and shortly describes typical visitor management tools. The discussion focuses on the appropriate use of chosen selected tools, mainly carrying capacity approaches, zoning and optimization of tourism infrastructure and monitoring, including tourism sustainability indicators. The computer simulation and prediction of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the phenomena in destination is also shortly described. The typical application of visitor management in protected areas is described as a case study and a set of recommendations for visitor management are declared.
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Paraskevaidis, Pavlos, and Adi Weidenfeld. "Sign consumption and sign promotion in visitor attractions." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): 1937–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-07-2018-0543.
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PurposeDrawing upon Baudrillard’s concept of sign-value, this study aims to investigate consumer behavior and sign perception in visitor attractions.Design/methodology/approachBy adopting netnography, 133 customer-to-customer reviews sourced from TripAdvisor were analyzed regarding visitors’ online post-visit impressions.FindingsThe findings reveal that netnography contributes to a deeper understanding of sign consumption and sign promotion and examines how visitors attribute symbolic meanings to their experience in Titanic Belfast.Practical implicationsThe findings show that the co-creation and reevaluation of the visitor experience through consumers’ online reviews should be taken into account by both managers and marketers. Furthermore, advertising should avoid creating excessive expectations to visitors to decrease the possibility of negative disconfirmation, which can be easily and instantly spread online. Another implication concerns the winning awards of visitor attractions, hotels and restaurants of a destination which may be used as a basis of co-branding marketing campaigns to enhance destination brand image.Social implicationsThis study continues the debate on the commodification of the visitor experience and the commercialization of visitor attractions.Originality/valueThis paper provides better understanding of sign-value, sign consumption and sign promotion in the visitor attraction sector.
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Draper, Jason. "Applying importance-performance analysis to services of a visitor information center." Tourism and Hospitality Research 18, no. 1 (January 14, 2016): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1467358415627300.
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Visitor information centers provide destinations with an opportunity once visitors are at the destination to provide information and recommendations. As a result, destinations who manage visitor information centers benefit from being aware of who visits the center, what information is important to such visitors, and how well the center does at providing the information and services. Therefore, this study compares demographic characteristics of visitors who visit and those who do not visit visitor information centers, as well as if reasons for visiting such facilities (e.g. general information, get a map of the area) are associated with demographic characteristics. The study also conducts an importance-performance analysis of a visitor information center’s services. This study found visitors who stopped at the visitor information center were older and more likely to be retired than visitors who did not. The study also found that demographic characteristics, such as age and employment status, were associated with reasons for stopping at a visitor information center. Importance-performance analysis revealed areas where the visitor information center can focus to improve their performance (e.g. knowledge of staff) and where resources might be redirected as a result of less important services (e.g. activities/tour booking service). Practical implications of the study are discussed.
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Öztüren, Ali, Hasan Kilic, Victor Oluwafemi Olorunsola, and Benjamin Omeiza Osumeje. "Managing natural tourism attractions based on visitor reviews: a case study of Golden Beach, Karpaz." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 13, no. 4 (June 21, 2021): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-02-2021-0028.
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PurposeThis paper aims to uncover the critical factors relating to the enhancement of a natural tourism attraction from a visitor perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe reviews (n = 336) of Golden Beach, Karpaz were collected from the Tripadvisor.com platform. Content analysis was conducted with Leximancer software to determine the themes relating to natural tourism attraction development.FindingsThe most widely highlighted themes in the data were environment, infrastructure, location, activities, visitors and locals. Pro-environmental visitors, the responsibilities of government and visitor management issues are discussed in relation to managing natural tourism attractions.Practical implicationsThe paper has a number of practical implications for tourism stakeholders involved in developing sustainable destinations.Originality/valueThis paper emphasises the value of analysing visitor generated comments in order to better understand visitor thoughts and perceptions. In so doing, the authorities can make decisions that align with the expectations of visitors and manage their resources accordingly.
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Geng, Dehui Christina, John L. Innes, Wanli Wu, Weiwei Wang, and Guangyu Wang. "Seasonal Variation in Visitor Satisfaction and Its Management Implications in Banff National Park." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 4, 2021): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041681.
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Seasonal variations in tourist satisfaction is an important issue for the sustainable management of national parks worldwide. Visitors should have high-quality experiences in both the high season and the off-season. This research investigated visitor satisfaction patterns and determinants in Banff National Park in different seasons. The study was conducted through a face-to-face questionnaire survey that collected visitor demographic, expectation and satisfaction data in July 2019 (high season) and December 2019 (off-season) in Banff National Park. The data analyses were based on a sample of 741 respondents and were processed using principal component analysis, correlation analysis and logistic regression models for different seasons. There were significant differences in visitor satisfaction levels and their determinants in different seasons. The quality of the park’s natural characteristics and the park’s activities were the most important determinant of visitor satisfaction in the high season and off-season, respectively. The correlation between visitor satisfaction and expectations in the high season was generally negative, whereas all correlations in the off-season were positive. The results fill a knowledge gap by examining the seasonal differences in visitor experience and their determinants in the national park, and by building a bridge between visitor experience and tourism seasonality. The findings may assist both practitioners and scholars in understanding visitor expectations and satisfaction in different seasons. They may assist in the prioritization and effective management of the park to optimize the visitor experience in both seasons and achieve tourism sustainability.
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Navarro-Ruiz, Sandra, and Bob McKercher. "The usability of visitor attractions: state-of-the-art." Tourism Review 75, no. 3 (January 2, 2020): 497–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-02-2019-0057.
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Purpose Visitor attractions constitute the essence of the tourism phenomenon. However, management techniques that are expressly designed for tourism and develop different uses/activities and subsequently influence visitor experiences are under-researched. Hence, the purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual framework that provides a bridge between on-site management, visitor attraction development and visitor experience by introducing a novel concept: “usability of visitor attractions.” This new concept captures how managers can develop uses for visitors to experience the attraction. Thus, this study explores this concept and serves as the foundation for further research on this topic. Design/methodology/approach The systematization of the state of the art is based on an exhaustive desk research review of both academic and grey literature to endorse the “usability of visitor attractions” concept. Findings The literature review reveals that visitor attraction management affects visitor experience. To succeed, managers should consider the ease of use and the design of activities. Therefore, an innovative conceptual model is built to explore how on-site management techniques based on this new concept impact on visitor’s experience. Originality/value Research on visitor experience in attractions has neglected the impact of on-site management tools hitherto. Therefore, the originality of the study lies on providing a robust framework that enlightens how visitor attraction management affects visitor experience by developing the usability. The study proposes a novel concept and an original model that will be of a critical interest to tourism academia and will serve as practical guidance for attraction managers.
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Davis, Pamela B. "Antarctic visitor behaviour: are guidelines enough?" Polar Record 31, no. 178 (July 1995): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400013875.
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AbstractThe general pattern of Antarctic tourism is well known and can be described in terms of numbers of visitors, landing sites, and general activities. However, little is known about the visitors, their behaviour, and other user characteristics. This information is vital for planning effective visitor-management strategies. This article presents and discusses some results from a 1993/94 questionnaire conducted aboard three IAATO member ships and focuses on how visitors rated the behaviour of themselves and others vis-à-vis the IAATO voluntary visitor guidelines. It also identifies how sex, age, educational level, and ship affect guideline violation or adherence. Additionally, passenger responses to hypothetical violations are discussed, which may help to explain why violations occur. This paper stresses not how many violations occur, but why they occur, providing a new insight for future visitor management.
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Kastolani, Wanjat, and Fitri Rahmafitria. "MODEL PENGATURAN PENGUNJUNG PADA KAWASAN WISATA ALAM PEGUNUNGAN DENGAN FUNGSI LINDUNG DAN INTENSITAS WISATA TINGGI DI KAWASAN WISATA KLUSTER GUNUNG PATUHA, KABUPATEN BANDUNG." Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 14, no. 2 (September 30, 2015): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.142.04.
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ABSTRACT
Patuha Mountain Cluster is a part of South Bandung Region which has beautiful scenery of mountainous forest landscape. The uniqueness and its beauty become the main factors of its popularity as nature based tourism area. But the characteristic of mountainous region make this area stated by the government as preservation area (PP. No.72 th 2010), so the management should has specific program that appropriate for preservation function also for tourism purpose. This research is conducted to develop the visitor management concept of nature based area with preservation function and high visitor intensity. Visitor intensity is the frequent of use and visitor density analysis (Pfluger, Yvone (2004). Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to develop the visitor management model, and also by the spatial analysis to develop the map of preservation area. Visitor intensity was found by using carrying capacity analysis and survey method (questionnaire). The result show that according to spatial and regulation analysis, all of the objects study in Patuha Mountain Cluster are categorized as preservation area. Most of them have medium visitor intensity, and one of it (Kawah Putih forest recreation), which is the most popular one has high visitor intensity. Identification of landscape characteristic and regulation of nature based area are the first step to develop an appropriate model of visitor management. Visitor density and visitor used also become the important factors that influence the environment quality of nature based tourism area. The high visitor intensity could pressure the physical condition of the area so the program of visitor management should implemented structurally. The development of interpretation program and media should be implemented especially to educate visitors to be more care and friendly with the environment. Another visitor management program that could implemented regarding this findings are limiting the accessibility to the main and sensitive attraction, activities decentralization and develop the tourism education program. Keywords : Mountain based tourism, tourism intensity, visitor management
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Brown, Julian, and Saul A. Cunningham. "Global-scale drivers of crop visitor diversity and the historical development of agriculture." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1915 (November 20, 2019): 20192096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2096.
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Understanding diversity in flower-visitor assemblages helps us improve pollination of crops and support better biodiversity conservation outcomes. Much recent research has focused on drivers of crop-visitor diversity operating over spatial scales from fields to landscapes, such as pesticide and habitat management, while drivers operating over larger scales of continents and biogeographic realms are virtually unknown. Flower and visitor traits influence attraction of pollinators to flowers, and evolve in the context of associations that can be ancient or recent. Plants that have been adopted into agriculture have been moved widely around the world and thereby exposed to new flower visitors. Remarkably little is known of the consequence of these historical patterns for present-day crop-visiting bee diversity. We analyse data from 317 studies of 27 crops worldwide and find that crops are visited by fewer bee genera outside their region of origin and outside their family's region of origin. Thus, recent human history and the deeper evolutionary history of crops and bees appear to be important determinants of flower-visitor diversity at large scales that constrain the levels of visitor diversity that can be influenced by field- and landscape-scale interventions.
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Jim, Chi Yung. "Visitor Management in Recreation Areas." Environmental Conservation 16, no. 1 (1989): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290000847x.
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The ever-increasing demands for outdoor recreation have caused widespread ecological damages in many parts of the world, so that methods to contain deleterious impacts and maintain the quality of recreational experience must be earnestly sought. Besides the commonlyprescribed preventive and ameliorative actions on the resource-base, visitor management which can provide cost-effective and long-term solutions deserves more attention than hitherto. This paper evaluates a spectrum of relevant options including the subtle (influencing userbehaviour), through the intermediate (redistributing use), to the regulatory (rationing use).The reduction of per caput impact can, naturally, raise the capacity of an area to accommodate continuing use. Minimum impact techniques can substantially curtail the largely inadvertent damage due to ignorance rather than malice, while recreational planning and management can take into account the changing user preference. Appropriate data to guide management decisions can be acquired through innovative non-contact approaches, including visitor observation, to solicit candid and spontaneous responses. Good-quality information, conveyed through different channels in ample time before a visit, can effectively modify user behaviour and perception. Formal and informal education, to inculcate a responsible attitude towards the natural environment, can bring long-range benefits. Citizen participation can furnish diversified and useroriented perspectives that are important for successful programmes.
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Glasso, John, Kerry Godfrey, Brian Goodall, Jan van der Borg, and Helen Absalom. "Visitor management in heritage cities." Tourism Management 15, no. 5 (October 1994): 388–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(94)90093-0.
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Levy, Stuart E., and Derek N. Hassay. "Visitor Communities." Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing 12, no. 4 (September 30, 2005): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j150v12n04_04.
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Tsiropoulou, Eirini, George Kousis, Athina Thanou, Ioanna Lykourentzou, and Symeon Papavassiliou. "Quality of Experience in Cyber-Physical Social Systems Based on Reinforcement Learning and Game Theory." Future Internet 10, no. 11 (November 7, 2018): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi10110108.
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This paper addresses the problem of museum visitors’ Quality of Experience (QoE) optimization by viewing and treating the museum environment as a cyber-physical social system. To achieve this goal, we harness visitors’ internal ability to intelligently sense their environment and make choices that improve their QoE in terms of which the museum touring option is the best for them and how much time to spend on their visit. We model the museum setting as a distributed non-cooperative game where visitors selfishly maximize their own QoE. In this setting, we formulate the problem of Recommendation Selection and Visiting Time Management (RSVTM) and propose a two-stage distributed algorithm based on game theory and reinforcement learning, which learns from visitor behavior to make on-the-fly recommendation selections that maximize visitor QoE. The proposed framework enables autonomic visitor-centric management in a personalized manner and enables visitors themselves to decide on the best visiting strategies. Experimental results evaluating the performance of the proposed RSVTM algorithm under realistic simulation conditions indicate the high operational effectiveness and superior performance when compared to other recommendation approaches. Our results constitute a practical alternative for museums and exhibition spaces meant to enhance visitor QoE in a flexible, efficient, and cost-effective manner.
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Jimber del Río, Juan Antonio, Ricardo D. Hernández-Rojas, Arnaldo Vergara-Romero, and Mª Genoveva Dancausa Dancausa Millán. "Loyalty in Heritage Tourism: The Case of Córdoba and Its Four World Heritage Sites." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (December 1, 2020): 8950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238950.
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The aim of this research is to study visitor loyalty at a destination with heritage sites and to use the results to improve the competitiveness of the destination. This study used the SPSS AMOS software with a model of structural equations to evaluate the proposed hypotheses. A questionnaire was given to a sample of 428 tourists who visited the heritage sites in Córdoba. The management of any World Heritage City needs to know about the visitors’ experience at the destination, which includes their expectations for the trip, expected quality of the destination, satisfaction with the destination, and how these affect visitor loyalty to the city, because it is important to get the visitor to recommend, and return to, the destination. In the case of Córdoba, the research has proven that visitor loyalty depends on visitor satisfaction with the destination, which depends on the perceived quality and value of the visit. In addition, the following areas for improvement have been identified: improvement of the information about the destination, improvement of waiting times and the professionalization of specialized tour guides at heritage sites. Therefore, the findings are important for city managers in order to be able to take actions which increase the loyalty to, and competitiveness of, the city compared to other similar destinations with heritage sites.
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Tan, Poh Ling, Shuhaida Md Noor, S. Mostafa Rasoolimanesh, and Hasrina Mustafa. "Communication and visitor factors contributing towards heritage visitors’ mindfulness." Journal of Heritage Tourism 15, no. 1 (March 8, 2019): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1743873x.2019.1586909.
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Sugimoto, Koun, Kei Ota, and Shohei Suzuki. "Visitor Mobility and Spatial Structure in a Local Urban Tourism Destination: GPS Tracking and Network analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 12, 2019): 919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030919.
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Visitor mobility is an important element for facilitating sustainable local economics and management in urban tourism destinations. Research on visitor mobility often focuses on the patterns and structures of spatial visitor behavior and the factors that influence them. This study examines the relationship between visitor mobility and urban spatial structures through an exploratory analysis of visitors’ movements and characteristics, which were collected from surveys with global positional system (GPS) tracking technologies and questionnaires. The Ueno district, one of the most popular tourism destinations in Tokyo, Japan, was selected as the study area. For local stakeholders, the low accessibility levels between this district’s park zone and downtown zone have become a major destination management issue. We compared visitor movements and flow networks in various places from different major trip origins (railway stations) by using several analysis techniques (GPS log distribution, spatial movement sequences, and network analysis), and examined physical and human factors that caused the different mobility patterns. The results demonstrated that physical factors, including major transport hubs (railway stations), topography, commercial accumulation, and POI distribution, affected intra-destination visitor behavior, and segmented visitor markets into different main zones. Such findings could inform future destination management policies and planning in local urban tourism destinations.
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Lin, Yeqiang, Jeff Jiang, and Deborah Kerstetter. "A Three-Component Framework for Trade Show Performance Evaluation." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 42, no. 6 (December 13, 2015): 855–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348015619747.
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The purpose of this study was to propose and examine a three-component trade show evaluation framework on exhibitors’ and visitors’ performance that accounts for the relationships between all three key stakeholders (i.e., visitors, exhibitors, and organizers). After a review of previous literature on stakeholder theory and trade show performance evaluation, the visitor–exhibitor–organizer (VEO) framework was proposed to examine dimensions of overall satisfaction of trade show exhibitors and visitors. Based on the VEO framework, exhibitor and visitor performance evaluation models consist of three components that address three corresponding stakeholders: satisfaction with self-performance and satisfaction with the other two key stakeholders, respectively. To validate the framework, exhibitor and visitor models were tested using data from 514 visitors and 92 exhibitors. The results validated the VEO framework by indicating that the three key stakeholders must be accounted for when evaluating trade show performance. All three dimensions (i.e., satisfaction with self-performance, and the other two stakeholders) contributed to overall satisfaction and positive behavioral intention.
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Barros, Carolina, Borja Moya-Gómez, and Juan Carlos García-Palomares. "Identifying Temporal Patterns of Visitors to National Parks through Geotagged Photographs." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 6, 2019): 6983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11246983.
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Visitor data is essential for decision-making, policy formulation, and monitoring of protected areas. In this context, the data on the temporal distribution of visitors is essential to characterize influx and seasonality, and even to measure the carrying capacity of a site. However, obtaining information from visitors often involves high costs and long production times. Moreover, traditional visitor data has a limited level of detail. New sources of data can provide valuable information regarding the timing of visits. In this study, we tested the use of geotagged data to infer the temporal distribution of visitors to 15 Spanish national parks, and we identified temporal patterns of the visits at three levels: monthly, weekly, and daily. By comparing official monthly visitor counts and geotagged photographs from Flickr, we observed that the number of monthly users who upload photos significantly reflects the number of monthly visitors. Furthermore, the weekly and daily distributions of the Flickr data provided additional information that could contribute to identifying the periods of highest visitor pressure, design measures to manage the concentration of visitors, and improve the overall visitor experience. The results obtained indicate the potential of new data sources for visitor monitoring in protected areas and to open opportunities for future research. Moreover, monitoring tourism in protected areas is crucial to ensure the sustainability of their resources and to protect their biodiversity.
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Jie Li, Jessie Wen, and Neil Carr. "Visitor Satisfaction." International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration 5, no. 3 (November 29, 2004): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j149v05n03_03.
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Jones, Thomas E., and Minh-Hoang Nguyen. "Nature-Based Tourism Motivations and Visit Profiles of Domestic and International Segments to a Japanese National Park." Quaestiones Geographicae 40, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2021-0013.
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Abstract The rapid post-millennial internationalisation of Japan's tourism sector and the influx of international visitors have quickly increased visitor motivations’ heterogeneity, thereby posing challenges for management. Given the lack of prior research, we aimed to identify nature-based tourism (NBT) push-factor motivation domains of visitors in a Japanese national park and segment domestic and international visitors based on their motivations, demographics and trip profiles. Primary data collection of 137 responses took place in November 2019 through an on-site self-administered questionnaire. From 11 push-factor statements, the principal component analysis yielded a four-factor solution: ‘enjoying nature with family or friends’, ‘improving physical health’, ‘discovering and learning’ and ‘escaping’. In addition, t-tests revealed significant differences between domestic and international visitors in three out of the four motivation dimensions. Underlying visitor profiles could explain some such differences. Despite the differences, both international and domestic visitors share similar motivations regarding ‘improving physical health’. These findings hint at the complexity of monitoring heterogeneous visitor segments within Japanese NBT. Despite increasing international visitors, there has been a lack of the necessary infrastructure and facilities to accommodate them. Thus, this study's implications might help diversify NBT management strategies to deal with current shortcomings in Japan's tourism sector.
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Dane, Gamze, Aloys Borgers, Deniz Ikiz Kaya, and Tao Feng. "Visitor Flows at a Large-Scale Cultural Event: GPS Tracking at Dutch Design Week." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 11 (November 3, 2020): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110661.
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Large-scale cultural events bring many economic, social, and cultural benefits to the hosting cities. Although event producers aim to satisfy the visitors’ needs, they do not usually receive feedback on visitors’ experiences. Moreover, lack of spatial dispersal of visitors might result in less visibility for some activities and locations. An understanding of visitors’ spatial and temporal behavior and the factors influencing visitors’ intra-event destination choices is key to efficient and successful event management and future planning. In this article, we examine the relationship between visitors’ spatial and temporal behavior, the spatial structure of the host city, and visitor characteristics. In order to do this, data are collected from 281 event visitors by means of GPS tracking and paper surveys at the Dutch Design Week (DDW) 2017 event in Eindhoven, the Netherlands. Data are used to understand the area of interest locations, visitor flows, visitor clusters and area of interest choices by applying data processing, network analysis, cluster analysis and bivariate analysis. The results show that one of the three dedicated event areas was considerably less popular by the DDW visitors. Moreover, the choice of intra-event destination locations and areas depended mainly on temporal constraints of the visitors. The findings of this study can inform future event planning and management policies in hosting cities.
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Simpson, Greg D., Daminda P. Sumanapala, Nilakshi W. K. Galahitiyawe, David Newsome, and Priyan Perera. "Exploring Motivation, Satisfaction and Revisit Intention of Ecolodge Visitors." Tourism and hospitality management 26, no. 2 (2020): 359–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.26.2.5.
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Purpose – This paper demonstrates that the recommendations regarding visitor satisfaction and revisit intention reported in the international literature apply to the management of ecolodges in Sri Lanka. Design/Methodology/Approach – Data from 362 self-report questionnaires completed by visitors between January 2014 and January 2015 were analysed by structural modelling using SPSS and AMOS to confirm the significance that reported direct and indirect relationships of the latent factors ecolodge attributes, tourist motives, visitor satisfaction, and revisit intention have for Sri Lankan ecolodges. Findings – Responses of visitors to Sri Lankan ecolodges were like those of ecolodge visitors in other countries. Ecolodge attributes had a strong direct influence on both international tourist motives to visit Sri Lanka and visitor satisfaction. Further, travel motives and satisfaction have a substantial direct influence on tourist intentions to revisit individual ecolodges and hence Sri Lanka more broadly. Originality of the research – Having confirmed that the factors which influence satisfaction and revisit intention of visitors to Sri Lankan ecolodges are consistent with the research findings from other countries, this is the first study to demonstrate that recommendations from the international ecolodge literature are applicable to and can inform the management and sustainability of ecolodges in Sri Lanka.
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Reussner, Eva M. "Strategic management for visitor-oriented museums." International Journal of Cultural Policy 9, no. 1 (March 2003): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1028663032000089868.
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Graham, R., P. Nilsen, and R. J. Payne. "Visitor management in Canadian national parks." Tourism Management 9, no. 1 (March 1988): 44–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(88)90057-x.
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Shackley, Myra. "Visitor management into the 21st century." Tourism Management 17, no. 5 (August 1996): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(96)84085-4.
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Bishop, I. D., and H. R. Gimblett. "Management of Recreational Areas: GIS, Autonomous Agents, and Virtual Reality." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 27, no. 3 (June 2000): 423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b2637.
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Management of recreational activity in areas that are culturally or ecologically sensitive requires knowledge, and effective management, of recreationists' behaviour. In this paper we explore the role of spatial information systems, spatial modelling, and virtual reality in the analysis and prediction of visitor location and movement patterns. The quantitative modelling of the time spent by visitors on various aspects of the site attractions and of visitor conflict has not been widely attempted, having only recently become possible because of greater computer power, better spatial data storage options, and new modelling paradigms. Rule-driven autonomous agents can be used as surrogates for human visitors. Behavioural rules can be derived and calibrated from visitor surveys. This is, however, an expensive and time-consuming process and testing of people's decisions in a virtual environment may provide sufficient information for rule definition. Once a rule-set is determined, the autonomous agents move over a GIS-based model of the landscape. Rendering algorithms determine what an individual agent is able to “see”. Based on the established rules, this and other factors (such as tiredness) determine behavioural choice. Recording of model runs to file allows managers to undertake additional analysis to quantify and explore the influence of alternative management options on recreationist movement, congestion, and crowding. Through the GIS, impacts such as erosion can also be modelled. In the longer term the combined models can become part of a decision support system for sustainable tourism in fragile environments.
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Juwana, Iwan, and Muhammad Sirdar Albar. "The improvement of solidwaste management in Cibodas Botanical Garden through environmental economic valuation using the travel cost method." E3S Web of Conferences 76 (2019): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20197603001.
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Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) is believed to have high environmental value for its function as conservation area and beautiful scenery. However, prior to this research, there is lack of economic valuation to determine the total value of CBG, including its environment. The local government, on the other hand, needs such environmental economic valuation to execute better decisions related to the CBG. This study aims at providing the mostly-needed economic valuation through the application of Travel Cost Method. The Travel Cost Method (TCM) is a method to calculate the economic value of products or services that do not own market value. This method utilises total cost of consumers who travel to certain places, preferably tourist destinations. The cost spent by consumers are considered as their willingness to pay (WTP) for the visited destination(s). In this study, TCM is used by preparing questionnaires for Cibodas visitors, analysing the results of the questionnaires, calculating the total economic value (TEV) of Cibodas, determining the consumer surplus, and proposing environmental programs at CBG. At the end, it was calculated that the TEV of Cibodas Botanical Garden is IDR113,072,532,700 with average WTP of the visitors IDR202,484 per visitor and the consumer surplus of IDR32,344 per visitor. Also, this study reveals that solid waste management improvement at CBG can be funded by potential income from the consumer surplus.
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Nicely, Annmarie, and Filza Armadita. "Sympathy and loyalty intention after visitor harassment." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 12, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-07-2017-0076.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to, first, determine the demographic predictors of the extent a visitor would feel sympathetic after a visitor harassment (VH) episode and, second, to ascertain whether there were any significant connections between a visitor feeling sympathetic after such an episode and his or her loyalty intentions toward the destination. Design/methodology/approach A survey research was conducted. Snowballing was used for the online survey and accidental sampling for the paper survey. The data were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression analyses. A total of 634 surveys were analyzed. Findings The following were found. First, sympathy was not a common emotion visitors experienced after being harassed by a trader at a tourist destination. Second, the demographic factors age, gender, income and educational levels were not significant predictors of the extent to which visitors would be sympathetic after a VH episode. Sympathy was a significant predictor of visitors’ intention to recommend the destination and support the traders in the future but not of visitors’ intention to return to the destination. Research limitations/implications The study was exploratory, and hence, the findings were preliminary. Practical implications The findings could lead to “new” local responses to the problem of VH at tourist destinations. Originality/Value The study was the first known to look at visitor sympathy after a VH episode.
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Selvaag, Sofie Kjendlie, Øystein Aas, and Vegard Gundersen. "Linking visitors’ spatial preferences to sustainable visitor management in a Norwegian national park." eco.mont (Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research) 12, no. 1 (2020): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-12-1s27.
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Tölkes, Christina, and Elias Butzmann. "Motivating Pro-Sustainable Behavior: The Potential of Green Events—A Case-Study from the Munich Streetlife Festival." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 17, 2018): 3731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103731.
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Green events are staged to encourage visitors to adopt more sustainable lifestyles. The Munich Streetlife Festival (SLF) has such a sustainability focus reflected in an education program that aims to reach out to both sustainability-minded visitors and broader audiences. Therefore, this study examined the learning effects of the SLF’s education program regarding different visitor segments. We employed the transtheoretical model (TTM) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), to relate the learning outcomes to the visitors’ positioning in the stages of change model and visitor attitudes, subjective norms, and constraints. We conducted a visitor survey during the SLF in May 2015 and employed structural equation modelling to analyze the data. The motivational variable “learning about environmental protection” is positively correlated with pro-sustainable behaviors, whilst the variable “enjoying the event” shows a negative correlation. Our findings indicated that this event’s sustainability communication mainly appealed to sustainability-minded visitors in the action stage. Conscious visitors showed higher learning effects than visitors in the pre-contemplation stage, which was in line with the TTM’s propositions. This study enhanced our theoretical understanding of visitor behavioral change and supported green event managers in the development of target-group specific and more effective sustainability communications.
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KOBAYASHI, Akihiro. "A Study on Natural Park Management Based on Visitor' Attitude toward Visitor Experience." Journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture 60, no. 5 (1996): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila.60.589.
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Gračan, Daniela, Zrinka Zadel, and Damir Pavlović. "Management of visitor satisfaction by using mobile digital tools and services to create concept of smart destination." Ekonomski pregled 72, no. 2 (2021): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32910/ep.72.2.2.
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Tourism is a system that inevitably follows the technological advancement of other areas of social and economic life, especially in the domain of accessibility of all elements of tourist product offered by its basic unit - a tourist destination. Due to the inclination and the need to use mobile digital tools and services for visitors to better manage, the concept of the so-called "smart destination" is becoming increasingly important. However, as digital applications become increasingly saturated with everyday life and threaten the saturation of real and quality life, there is a need for selective access also in the domain of destination management through experience management and visitor satisfaction. Using the methodology of the survey questionnaire a survey has conducted on several tourist frequency locations in the destination, whose aim was to investigate the importance and participation of individual mobile applications in improving the visitor experience, among them the five most prominent. By applying correlation and regression analysis, results have been achieved, which applications most importantly participate in improving the visitor experience. The significance of this research is reflected in the design of a new tool for adaptive and selective introduction of new mobile applications in order to better target visitors in a destination and thus more effectively manage their experience.
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Lari, Lamya Abbas Darwish Abdulla, Shilpa Iyanna, and Fauzia Jabeen. "Islamic and Muslim tourism: service quality and theme parks in the UAE." Tourism Review 75, no. 2 (November 17, 2019): 402–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-05-2018-0062.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify dimensions of theme park quality from an Islamic perspective and develop a framework to examine the interrelationships between theme park service quality dimensions, visitor delight and visitor loyalty in theme parks in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a detailed literature review and analysis of visitors’ comments on TripAdvisor.com about their experience in theme parks in the UAE. Findings Theme park service quality can be assessed across 4 main dimensions (physical environment, interaction, consumables and access) and 13 sub-dimensions. A relationship is proposed between these dimensions and visitors’ delight, with visitor loyalty a consequence of visitor delight. Nationality is proposed to have a moderating effect on the delight–loyalty relationship. Originality/value This study attempts to propose a model for theme park service quality that reflects both traditional dimensions of service quality and dimensions related to Islamic attributes. It is one of very few attempts to investigate theme park visitors’ perception of service quality and its relation to delight and loyalty in the UAE. It is also, as far as the authors are aware, the first study to investigate the moderating effect of nationality on the delight–loyalty relationship.
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Švajda, Juraj, Matej Masný, Samuel Koróny, Adalbert Mezei, Ivo Machar, and Karolina Taczanowska. "Visitor profiling using characteristics of socio-demographic and spatial behavior as tools to support the management of protected mountain areas." Geografie 123, no. 4 (2018): 461–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2018123040461.
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Protected mountain areas are attractive tourist destinations, and the number of visitors to these areas is increasing. The extension of cable car operations into the summer season is a challenge for some protected areas. Our study focuses on visitor profiles and is based on the characteristics of socio-demographic and spatial behavior of cable car users of the Chopok area (Slovakia). The methods used involve recording visitors’ itineraries through the use of GPS loggers and conducting post-trip interviews with the study participants. In order to better understand visitors’ spatial behavior, the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and trip itinerary parameters was analyzed. Additionally, three distinct visitor profiles based on cluster analysis were found in the investigated sample. The results can be used to enrich our knowledge concerning the spatial behavior of tourists in mountain environments, and more directly, for the management of cable car destinations located within protected areas.
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Hadwen, Wade L., Paul I. Boon, and Angela H. Arthington. "Aquatic ecosystems in inland Australia: tourism and recreational significance, ecological impacts and imperatives for management." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 4 (2012): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11198.
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The value of aquatic systems for biodiversity, agriculture, pastoralism and mining is widely recognised, whereas their significance for tourism and recreation is often poorly acknowledged. We surveyed protected-area managers, local governments and tour operators (river and general) to determine how aquatic systems were used in inland Australia for tourism and recreation and the perceived impacts of these uses. Inland waterbodies were reported by all respondent groups to be highly significant foci for visitors. Natural features were rated as more important to visitors than infrastructure by protected-area managers and river-tour operators, whereas all respondent groups identified water clarity, water quality and accessibility to water as important aspects of visitor appeal. Although >75% of respondents nominated visitors as being environmentally aware, visitors were reported to have a range of negative effects on the ecological condition of inland waterbodies, especially on water quality, and to also increase erosion and the loss of fringing vegetation. Managing the recreational use of inland waterbodies will become increasingly important as demand from all sectors intensifies and climate-change impacts become more severe. Management must take into account variations in perceptions by different stakeholder groups and the paradox of inappropriate visitor behaviour despite visitors’ apparent environmental awareness.
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Milman, Ady, and Anita Zehrer. "Exploring visitor experience at a mountain attraction." Journal of Vacation Marketing 24, no. 2 (February 12, 2017): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766717691805.
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The study explores visitor experience while visiting a mountain attraction in the Alpine region of Tirol, Austria, through participant observations, informal conversations, and photography. A grounded theory approach was adopted to uncover the meaning of visitors’ overall experience and deduct a possible theory that may contribute to a better understanding of visitor experiences at mountain attractions. The data collected from 600 subjects at the attraction’s four stopovers concluded that the visiting experience was a process that involved a blend of events composed of material and human elements. Guest experiences were also practiced on a passive–active continuum, where some of the experiential consumption activities were focused beyond the mountain itself, primarily viewing the landscape and photography. The study affirms the importance of participant observation as a methodological tool to study visitors at a tourist attraction, discusses implications for management, and offers recommendations for enhancing the overall guest experience.
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Yolal, Medet, Christina Geng-Qing Chi, and Ossi Pesämaa. "Examine destination loyalty of first-time and repeat visitors at all-inclusive resorts." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29, no. 7 (July 10, 2017): 1834–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-06-2015-0293.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that are likely to influence the loyalty behavior of first-time and repeat visitors to all-inclusive resorts. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from first-time and repeat Russian tourists to Antalya, Turkey, utilizing a self-administered survey questionnaire. A total of 339 usable responses were obtained. A structural equation modeling approach was used to test the proposed model on the first-time and repeat visitors’ samples. Findings This study suggests that the effects of cognitive evaluation of the resort (service quality) channel through affective evaluation of the visitor experience (visitor satisfaction) before bolstering visitor loyalty. This study also shows that differences exist between the two groups of visitors – first time visitors value cognitive attributes more and rely more on cognitive evaluation. Practical implications Destination marketers and managers need to promote all aspects and attributes of a destination among all-inclusive vacationers by creating innovative and comprehensive marketing campaign. Due to the differences between first-time and repeat visitors, it is critical to differentiate the two groups in designing targeted marketing campaign and providing targeted service/product. Originality value All-inclusive resorts have attained substantial global presence and popularity over the past 40 years. However, guest satisfaction/loyalty studies in this particular context have not often been approached with the kind of statistical breadth and rigor presented herein. This study adds new information for the understanding of and marketing to the all-inclusive resort guest.
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Schneider, Ingrid E., Arne Arnberger, Stuart P. Cottrell, and Eick von Ruschkowski. "Modeling Impacts of Bark Beetle Infestations on Forest Visitor Experiences and Intended Displacement." Forest Science 65, no. 5 (June 3, 2019): 614–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxz021.
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AbstractBark beetle outbreak impacts are occurring at reportedly unprecedented levels. Despite previous research on the aesthetic and economic impacts of terrestrial pest infestations, minimal visitor behavioral response research exists. As beetle infestation progresses, both tree appearance and landscape change can negatively impact visitation and visitor revenue. Given the multiple-use mandate of most forests, this lack of research is surprising. To meet this gap, this study simulated impacts of varied beetle outbreak levels, management approaches, and visitor characteristics on interference with forest visitors’ experience and intended displacement. Visitors at two forested US state park study sites, one with significant bark beetle impact and the other with much less, responded to onsite questionnaires with digitally calibrated photos depicting a variety of beetle-impacted forest scenarios. Up to 80 percent of visitors indicated forest scenarios with significant bark beetle impact would interfere with their experience, and 70 percent reported they would not visit or be displaced. Analyses revealed forest fore- and midground conditions with varying levels of impact significantly predicted both experience interference and displacement. The relative importance of social, biophysical, and managerial conditions differed between models. Results inform management and planning efforts as well as advance understanding of the biophysical and social factors influencing interference and intended displacement.
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Hong, Ren, Wang Peng, Cai Weiguang, Li Dandan, Du Yongjie, Sun Junqiao, and Daniel Abramson. "Visitor Center Design Research Based on Resilience Theory." Open House International 41, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2016-b0001.
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Visitor center plays an important role in the normal operation and sustainable development of scenic spots, especially as a portal image of its management. This paper presents resilience theory for visitor centers to identify some common issues in designing visitor centers in China scenic spots, including the lack of function, loss of architectural characteristics, and difficultly in adapting to changes in the number of visitors with periodic variations. The framework of resilience theory was set from four dimensions, namely, resilience and match in the composition of ontology function, the extended function, integration of buildings into the surrounding environment, and alternative construction technologies and materials. This theory was explained and analyzed with the application of the theory in practice in combination with the design of Mount Hua visitor center. Results showed that resilience theory yields good application effect.