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1
Salvador, Amaia. "Computer vision beyond the visible : image understanding through language." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667162.
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In the past decade, deep neural networks have revolutionized computer vision. High performing deep neural architectures trained for visual recognition tasks have pushed the field towards methods relying on learned image representations instead of hand-crafted ones, in the seek of designing end-to-end learning methods to solve challenging tasks, ranging from long-lasting ones such as image classification to newly emerging tasks like image captioning.
As this thesis is framed in the context of the rapid evolution of computer vision, we present contributions that are aligned with three major changes in paradigm that the field has recently experienced, namely 1) the power of re-utilizing deep features from pre-trained neural networks for different tasks, 2) the advantage of formulating problems with end-to-end solutions given enough training data, and 3) the growing interest of describing visual data with natural language rather than pre-defined categorical label spaces, which can in turn enable visual understanding beyond scene recognition.
The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the problem of visual instance search, where we particularly focus on obtaining meaningful and discriminative image representations which allow efficient and effective retrieval of similar images given a visual query. Contributions in this part of the thesis involve the construction of sparse Bag-of-Words image representations from convolutional features from a pre-trained image classification neural network, and an analysis of the advantages of fine-tuning a pre-trained object detection network using query images as training data.
The second part of the thesis presents contributions to the problem of image-to-set prediction, understood as the task of predicting a variable-sized collection of unordered elements for an input image. We conduct a thorough analysis of current methods for multi-label image classification, which are able to solve the task in an end-to-end manner by simultaneously estimating both the label distribution and the set cardinality. Further, we extend the analysis of set prediction methods to semantic instance segmentation, and present an end-to-end recurrent model that is able to predict sets of objects (binary masks and categorical labels) in a sequential manner.
Finally, the third part of the dissertation takes insights learned in the previous two parts in order to present deep learning solutions to connect images with natural language in the context of cooking recipes and food images. First, we propose a retrieval-based solution in which the written recipe and the image are encoded into compact representations that allow the retrieval of one given the other. Second, as an alternative to the retrieval approach, we propose a generative model to predict recipes directly from food images, which first predicts ingredients as sets and subsequently generates the rest of the recipe one word at a time by conditioning both on the image and the predicted ingredients.En l'última dècada, les xarxes neuronals profundes han revolucionat el camp de la visió per computador. Els resultats favorables obtinguts amb arquitectures neuronals profundes entrenades per resoldre tasques de reconeixement visual han causat un canvi de paradigma cap al disseny de mètodes basats en representacions d'imatges apreses de manera automàtica, deixant enrere les tècniques tradicionals basades en l'enginyeria de representacions. Aquest canvi ha permès l'aparició de tècniques basades en l'aprenentatge d'extrem a extrem (end-to-end), capaces de resoldre de manera efectiva molts dels problemes tradicionals de la visió per computador (e.g. classificació d'imatges o detecció d'objectes), així com nous problemes emergents com la descripció textual d'imatges (image captioning). Donat el context de la ràpida evolució de la visió per computador en el qual aquesta tesi s'emmarca, presentem contribucions alineades amb tres dels canvis més importants que la visió per computador ha experimentat recentment: 1) la reutilització de representacions extretes de models neuronals pre-entrenades per a tasques auxiliars, 2) els avantatges de formular els problemes amb solucions end-to-end entrenades amb grans bases de dades, i 3) el creixent interès en utilitzar llenguatge natural en lloc de conjunts d'etiquetes categòriques pre-definits per descriure el contingut visual de les imatges, facilitant així l'extracció d'informació visual més enllà del reconeixement de l'escena i els elements que la composen La primera part de la tesi està dedicada al problema de la cerca d'imatges (image retrieval), centrada especialment en l'obtenció de representacions visuals significatives i discriminatòries que permetin la recuperació eficient i efectiva d'imatges donada una consulta formulada amb una imatge d'exemple. Les contribucions en aquesta part de la tesi inclouen la construcció de representacions Bag-of-Words a partir de descriptors locals obtinguts d'una xarxa neuronal entrenada per classificació, així com un estudi dels avantatges d'utilitzar xarxes neuronals per a detecció d'objectes entrenades utilitzant les imatges d'exemple, amb l'objectiu de millorar les capacitats discriminatòries de les representacions obtingudes. La segona part de la tesi presenta contribucions al problema de predicció de conjunts a partir d'imatges (image to set prediction), entès com la tasca de predir una col·lecció no ordenada d'elements de longitud variable donada una imatge d'entrada. En aquest context, presentem una anàlisi exhaustiva dels mètodes actuals per a la classificació multi-etiqueta d'imatges, que són capaços de resoldre la tasca de manera integral calculant simultàniament la distribució probabilística sobre etiquetes i la cardinalitat del conjunt. Seguidament, estenem l'anàlisi dels mètodes de predicció de conjunts a la segmentació d'instàncies semàntiques, presentant un model recurrent capaç de predir conjunts d'objectes (representats per màscares binàries i etiquetes categòriques) de manera seqüencial. Finalment, la tercera part de la tesi estén els coneixements apresos en les dues parts anteriors per presentar solucions d'aprenentatge profund per connectar imatges amb llenguatge natural en el context de receptes de cuina i imatges de plats cuinats. En primer lloc, proposem una solució basada en algoritmes de cerca, on la recepta escrita i la imatge es codifiquen amb representacions compactes que permeten la recuperació d'una donada l'altra. En segon lloc, com a alternativa a la solució basada en algoritmes de cerca, proposem un model generatiu capaç de predir receptes (compostes pels seus ingredients, predits com a conjunts, i instruccions) directament a partir d'imatges de menjar.
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Font, Aragonès Xavier. "Visible, near infrared and thermal hand-based image biometric recognition." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117685.
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Biometric Recognition refers to the automatic identification of a person based on his or her anatomical characteristic or modality (i.e., fingerprint, palmprint, face) or behavioural (i.e., signature) characteristic. It is a fundamental key issue in any process concerned with security, shared resources, network transactions among many others. Arises as a fundamental problem widely known as recognition, and becomes a must step before permission is granted. It is supposed that protects key resources by only allowing those resources to be used by users that have been granted authority to use or to have access to them. Biometric systems can operate in verification mode, where the question to be solved is Am I who I claim I am? or in identification mode where the question is Who am I?
Scientific community has increased its efforts in order to improve performance of biometric systems. Depending on the application many solutions go in the way of working with several modalities or combining different classification methods. Since increasing modalities require some user inconvenience many of these approaches will never reach the market. For example working with iris, face and fingerprints requires some user effort in order to help acquisition.
This thesis addresses hand-based biometric system in a thorough way. The main contributions are in the direction of a new multi-spectral hand-based image database and methods for performance improvement. The main contributions are:
A) The first multi-spectral hand-based image database from both hand faces: palmar and dorsal. Biometric database are a precious commodity for research, mainly when it offers something new like visual (VIS), near infrared (NIR) and thermography (TIR) images at a time. This database with a length of 100 users and 10 samples per user constitute a good starting point to check algorithms and hand suitability for recognition.
B) In order to correctly deal with raw hand data, some image preprocessing steps are necessary. Three different segmentation phases are deployed to deal with VIS, NIR and TIR images specifically. Some of the tough questions to address: overexposed images, ring fingers and the cuffs, cold finger and noise image.
Once image segmented, two different approaches are prepared to deal with the segmented data. These two approaches called: Holistic and Geometric define the main focus to extract the feature vector. These feature vectors can be used alone or can be combined in some way. Many questions can be stated: e.g. which approach is better for recognition?, Can fingers alone obtain better performance than the whole hand? and Is thermography hand information suitable for recognition due to its thermoregulation properties?
A complete set of data ready to analyse, coming from the holistic and geometric approach have been designed and saved to test. Some innovative geometric approach related to curvature will be demonstrated.
C) Finally the Biometric Dispersion Matcher (BDM) is used in order to explore how it works under different fusion schemes, as well as with different classification methods. It is the intention of this research to contrast what happen when using other methods close to BDM like Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). At this point, some interesting questions will be solved, e.g. by taking advantage of the finger segmentation (as five different modalities) to figure out if they can outperform what the whole hand data can teach us.El Reconeixement Biomètric fa referència a la identi cació automàtica de persones fent us d'alguna característica o modalitat anatòmica (empremta digital) o d'alguna característica de comportament (signatura). És un aspecte fonamental en qualsevol procés relacionat amb la seguretat, la compartició de recursos o les transaccions electròniques entre d'altres. És converteix en un pas imprescindible abans de concedir l'autorització. Aquesta autorització, s'entén que protegeix recursos clau, permeten així, que aquests siguin utilitzats pels usuaris que han estat autoritzats a utilitzar-los o a tenir-hi accés. Els sistemes biomètrics poden funcionar en veri cació, on es resol la pregunta: Soc jo qui dic que soc? O en identi cació on es resol la qüestió: Qui soc jo? La comunitat cientí ca ha incrementat els seus esforços per millorar el rendiment dels sistemes biomètrics. En funció de l'aplicació, diverses solucions s'adrecen a treballar amb múltiples modalitats o combinant diferents mètodes de classi cació. Donat que incrementar el número de modalitats, representa a la vegada problemes pels usuaris, moltes d'aquestes aproximacions no arriben mai al mercat. La tesis contribueix principalment en tres grans àrees, totes elles amb el denominador comú següent: Reconeixement biometric a través de les mans. i) La primera d'elles constitueix la base de qualsevol estudi, les dades. Per poder interpretar, i establir un sistema de reconeixement biomètric prou robust amb un clar enfocament a múltiples fonts d'informació, però amb el mínim esforç per part de l'usuari es construeix aquesta Base de Dades de mans multi espectral. Les bases de dades biomètriques constitueixen un recurs molt preuat per a la recerca; sobretot si ofereixen algun element nou com es el cas. Imatges de mans en diferents espectres electromagnètics: en visible (VIS), en infraroig (NIR) i en tèrmic (TIR). Amb un total de 100 usuaris, i 10 mostres per usuari, constitueix un bon punt de partida per estudiar i posar a prova sistemes multi biomètrics enfocats a les mans. ii) El segon bloc s'adreça a les dues aproximacions existents en la literatura per a tractar les dades en brut. Aquestes dues aproximacions, anomenades Holística (tracta la imatge com un tot) i Geomètrica (utilitza càlculs geomètrics) de neixen el focus alhora d'extreure el vector de característiques. Abans de tractar alguna d'aquestes dues aproximacions, però, és necessària l'aplicació de diferents tècniques de preprocessat digital de la imatge per obtenir les regions d'interès desitjades. Diferents problemes presents a les imatges s'han hagut de solucionar de forma original per a cadascuna de les tipologies de les imatges presents: VIS, NIR i TIR. VIS: imatges sobre exposades, anells, mànigues, braçalets. NIR: Ungles pintades, distorsió en forma de soroll en les imatges TIR: Dits freds La segona àrea presenta aspectes innovadors, ja que a part de segmentar la imatge de la ma, es segmenten tots i cadascun dels dits (feature-based approach). Així aconseguim contrastar la seva capacitat de reconeixement envers la ma de forma completa. Addicionalment es presenta un conjunt de procediments geomètrics amb la idea de comparar-los amb els provinents de l'extracció holística. La tercera i última àrea contrasta el procediment de classi cació anomenat Biometric Dispersion Matcher (BDM) amb diferents situacions. La primera relacionada amb l'efectivitat respecte d'altres mètode de reconeixement, com ara l'Anàlisi Lineal Discriminant (LDA) o bé mètodes com KNN o la regressió logística. Les altres situacions que s'analitzen tenen a veure amb múltiples fonts d'informació, quan s'apliquen tècniques de normalització i/o estratègies de combinació (fusió) per millorar els resultats. Els resultats obtinguts no deixen lloc per a la confusió, i són certament prometedors en el sentit que posen a la llum la importància de combinar informació complementària per obtenir rendiments superiors.
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Yigit, Ahmet. "Thermal And Visible Band Image Fusion For Abandoned Object Detection." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611720/index.pdf.
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Packages that are left unattended in public spaces are a security concern and timely detection of these packages is important for prevention of potential threats. Operators should be always alert to detect abandoned items in crowded environments. However, it is very difficult for operators to stay concentrated for extended periods. Therefore, it is important to aid operators with automatic detection of abandoned items. Most of the methods in the literature define abandoned items as items newly added to the scene and stayed stationary for a predefined time. Hence other stationary objects, such as people sitting on a bench are also detected as suspicious objects resulting in a high number of false alarms. These false alarms could be prevented by discriminating suspicious items as living/nonliving objects. In this thesis, visible band and thermal band cameras are used together to analyze the interactions between humans and other objects. Thermal images help classification of objects using their heat signatures. This way, people and the objects they carry or left behind can be detected separately. Especially, it is aimed to detect abandoned items and discriminate living or nonliving objects
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Karlsson, Jonas. "FPGA-Accelerated Dehazing by Visible and Near-infrared Image Fusion." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28322.
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Fog and haze can have a dramatic impact on vision systems for land and sea vehicles. The impact of such conditions on infrared images is not as severe as for standard images. By fusing images from two cameras, one ordinary and one near-infrared camera, a complete dehazing system with colour preservation can be achieved. Applying several different algorithms to an image set and evaluating the results, the most suitable image fusion algoritm has been identified. Using an FPGA, a programmable integrated circuit, a crucial part of the algorithm has been implemented. It is capable of producing processed images 30 times faster than a laptop computer. This implementation lays the foundation of a real-time dehazing system and provides a significant part of the full solution. The results show that such a system can be accomplished with an FPGA.
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ALMEIDA, MARIA DA GLORIA DE SOUZA. "SEEING BEYOND THE VISIBLE: THE IMAGE OUT OF THE EYES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30174@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A proposição da temática desta tese constitui-se no levantamento da discussão que trouxe à tona a possibilidade real de uma pessoa cega construir imagens mentais. Discutiu-se, pois, a viabilidade da construção dessas imagens a partir das próprias condições de que o indivíduo cego é dotado. Procurou-se demostrar como o corpo com seus sentidos e suas ilimitadas valências, converte-se em instrumental capaz de acionar recursos sensoriais que dão informações, passam dados, concretizam sensações e percepções, formulam conceitos. Sobre o tripé – conhecimento, cultura e artes –, fez-se uma pesquisa que, pela complexidade e abrangência do assunto, exigiu o cruzamento de diferentes disciplinas, de diversas linhas de pensamento, ainda que guardando diferenças pudessem estabelecer um diálogo que levasse a compreensão mais clara ao cerne da proposta feita. Recorreu-se a Zubiri, Bachelard e Durand para compor a base da leitura de três poetas cegas e da escritora Marina Colasanti, apontando a força expressiva das imagens em ambos os casos.
The proposition of the theme of this thesis is the discussion collection that highlights the real possibility of a blind person to construct mental images. The possibility of constructing these images was therefore discussed from the very conditions of which the blind individual is endowed. We sought to demonstrate how the body, with its senses and its unlimited valences, becomes an instrument capable of assessing sensory resources which give information, pass data, materialize sensations and perceptions, formulate concepts. On the tripod - knowledge, culture and the arts - a research was made that due to the complexity and comprehensiveness of the subject, required the crossing of different disciplines, of different lines of thought, even if keeping their differences it could establish a dialogue that would lead to understanding clearly the heart of the proposal. Zubiri, Bachelard and Durand were used to compose the basis of the reading of three blind poets and the writer Marina Colasanti, pointing out the expressive force of the images in both cases.
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Nielsen, Casper Falkenberg. "A robust framework for medical image segmentation through adaptable class-specific representation." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2002. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13507/.
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Medical image segmentation is an increasingly important component in virtual pathology, diagnostic imaging and computer-assisted surgery. Better hard\vare for image acquisition and a variety of advanced visualisation methods have paved the way for the development of computer based tools for medical image analysis and interpretation. The routine use of medical imaging scans of multiple modalities has been growing over the last decades and data sets such as the Visible Human Project have introduced a new modality in the form of colour cryo section data. These developments have given rise to an increasing need for better automatic and semiautomatic segmentation methods. The work presented in this thesis concerns the development of a new framework for robust semi-automatic segmentation of medical imaging data of multiple modalities. Following the specification of a set of conceptual and technical requirements, the framework known as ACSR (Adaptable ClassSpecific Representation) is developed in the first case for 2D colour cryo section segmentation. This is achieved through the development of a novel algorithm for adaptable class-specific sampling of point neighbourhoods, known as the PGA (Path Growing Algorithm), combined with Learning Vector Quantization. The framework is extended to accommodate 3D volume segmentation of cryo section data and subsequently segmentation of single and multi-channel greyscale MRl data. For the latter the issues of inhomogeneity and noise are specifically addressed. Evaluation is based on comparison with previously published results on standard simulated and real data sets, using visual presentation, ground truth comparison and human observer experiments. ACSR provides the user with a simple and intuitive visual initialisation process followed by a fully automatic segmentation. Results on both cryo section and MRI data compare favourably to existing methods, demonstrating robustness both to common artefacts and multiple user initialisations. Further developments into specific clinical applications are discussed in the future work section.
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Whitelegg, Andrew Jeremy. "The visible and the invisible : the production of image in Atlanta." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265549.
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RAWAT, URVASHI. "INFRARED AND VISIBLE IMAGE FUSION USING HYBRID LWT AND PCA METHOD." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18907.
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Image fusion is a method in which all the relevant information is collected from the input source
images and included in few/single output image. Image fusion techniques are divided into two broad
categories: spatial domain and transform domain. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a spatial
domain technique which is computationally simpler and reduces redundant information but has the
demerit of spectral degradation. Lifting wavelet transform (LWT) is a transform domain technique
which has an adaptive design and demands less memory. In this project, a novel hybrid fusion
algorithm has been introduced which combines the LWT and PCA in a parallel manner. These two
fusion methods are applied on Infrared and Visible image data set. Infrared and visible images
contain complementary information and their fusion gives us an output image which is more
informative than the individual source images. The hybrid method is also compared with
conventional fusion techniques like PCA, LWT and DWT. It has been shown that the proposed
method outperforms the conventional methods. The results are analyzed using performance
parameters standard deviation, average value, the average difference, and normalized cross-
correlation.
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Di, Mercurio Francine. "Les images scéniques de Romeo Castellucci : expérience d'un théâtre plastique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3025.
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Certaines œuvres théâtrales de ce XXIème siècle semblent inscrire au cœur de leur projet esthétique une mise en question de l’ordre perceptif en créant de nouvelles manières de voir, d’entendre et d’être affecté. Le drame ‒ comme action ‒ s’y trouve réactualisé dans une forme s’adressant aux perceptions du spectateur au travers d’une dramaturgie visuelle, voire perceptuelle, prenant appui sur une fabrique d’images scéniques. Notre étude propose d'investir dans le champ du théâtre une part de la recherche sur l’image en mettant en perspective les questions esthétiques, philosophiques, voire politiques que soulève la notion d’image scénique. L’œuvre du metteur en scène italien Romeo Castellucci est représentative de la spécificité du plasticien qui trouve sur la scène un nouveau support de création d’images, un médium particulier mettant en jeu le corps, l’espace, la forme et où le texte, pourtant largement muet, hante la scène. Ce théâtre plastique remet en cause les fondements du théâtre traditionnel (action, personnage, fiction), invente un drame proprement figural et cherche à déplacer le regard du spectateur. Dans une oscillation entre apparition et disparition du visible, représentation et ineffable, il offre au spectateur un processus expérientiel au sein d’un laboratoire où l’image joue contre l’image, inquiète le regard et les perceptions convenues de la réalité.Le déplacement de la théorie de l’image dans le champ du théâtre nous permettra, au travers de la démarche singulière de Romeo Castellucci, d’apporter notre contribution à l’analyse des modalités opératoires de son efficace esthétique et des enjeux critiques et politiques du théâtre contemporainSome theatrical pieces from this 21st century seem to include in their esthetical project a question of the perceptive order by creating new ways of seeing, hearing and being affected. The drama ‒ as an action ‒ finds itself updated in a form addressing to the spectator’s perceptions through visual dramaturgy, even perceptive, based on a factory of scenic images. Our study offers to invest in the theater field a part of the research and thoughts about the image by putting into perspective the esthetical, philosophical, and even political questions that the notion of scenic image raise.The particular piece from the Italian director Romeo Castellucci is representative of the visual artist’s specificity who finds on the stage a new creating support for images, a particular way of involving body, space, shape, matter and where the text, although especially mute, is haunting the stage. This plastic theater questions the foundations of traditional theater (action, character, fiction), creates a properly figural drama and tries to move the spectator’s sight. In an oscillation between visual appearance and disappearance, representation and unspeakable, he offers to the spectator an experiential process in a laboratory where image plays against image, worries the sight and the accepted perceptions of reality.The displacement of the image’s theory in the theatrical field will allow us, through Romeo Castellucci’s singular approach, to make our contribution to the operating procedures analysis of his aesthetic’s efficiency, reception mechanism of the spectator and critical and political skates of the contemporary theater
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Hu, Lequn. "Development and evaluation of image registration and segmentation algorithms for long wavelength infrared and visible wavelength images." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07082009-171221.
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Rasmussen, Nathan D. "Combined Visible and Infrared Video for Use in Wilderness Search and Rescue." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2854.pdf.
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Dauget, Stéphanie. "Au seuil du visible : pour un dispositif critique de l'installation vidéo." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR30060.
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L’enjeu du comment montrer et du comment voir n’a jamais été plus fascinant ni plus insolvable qu’à l’ère du totalitarisme visuel. L’image vidéo, issue de cette veine vorace et versatile, est devenue un vecteur privilégié pour réfléchir au sort du visible dans les arts actuels. La réhabilitation de cette image passe par la blessure de sa surface lissante qui en restaure la profondeur. Dans l’art vidéo, ce rôle peut être accordé au dispositif technique assurant la transmission des images. Nous verrons comment cet agencement matériel peut devenir un nouveau cadre pour l’image vidéo : un dispositif réflexif et critique pour accompagner l’expérience esthétique de l’œuvre. Il s’agit, au fil d’une incursion parmi les images multiples de l’installation vidéo contemporaine, de chercher à saisir les modalités et les enjeux qui forgent ce lien déterminant entre le regard et l’image : une exploration de la part d’ombre de l’œuvre qui rend effectif le voyage des images lumineusesAt the age of visual totalitarianism, how to show and how to see are more than ever fascinating and insolvent questions. Voracious and unpredictable video image is a very special vehicle to analyse the condition of visibity in actual arts. The restoration of visibility always requires hurting the smooth surface of the image. In video art, this function may be attribuated to its technical system as new frame for video artworks : this material agencement becomes a reflexive and critical system for aesthetics experience. In the middle of contemporary video installation’s images, we’ll try to understand the terms and issues which invent this decisive link between the eye and the image : an exploration of the darkness which sets going the luminous images’ travel
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Flowerdew, Roland John. "Atmospheric correction for the visible and near-infrared channels of ATSR-2." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283392.
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Hu, Lequn. "DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF IMAGE REGISTRATION AND SEGMENTATION ALGORITHMS FOR LWIR WAVELENGTH INFRARED AND VISIBLE WAVELENGTH IMAGES." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07082009-171221/.
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In this thesis, algorithms for image registration and segmentation are developed to locate and identify DU penetrators and associated metal projectile debris on or near the surface at the US DoD firing ranges and proving grounds. The proposed registration algorithm supports fusing the LWIR and visible images. Control points are indentified by area-base detection and followed by eliminating outliers. Associated with bilinear interpolation, the gravity centers of control points are used to estimate the transformation parameters. The segmentation with a statistical detector is developed to improve the fusion result. The power spectrum density is invoked to extract and identify the image properties, and the probability of each pixel classified as target further the decision. The final result is consistent with the true vision and carries distinguished target information. The combination of registration and segmentation approaches can effectively orientate and investigate the target area.
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Connor, Rachel Anne. "'Visible worlds' : the process of the image in the work of H.D." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343863.
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This thesis examines the literary deployment of the visual in the work of H. D. (Hilda Doolittle). Beginning with a discussion of the early poetry of Sca Garden (1916) and the essay Notes on Thought and Vision (1919), 1 argue that H. D. 's categorisation as an Imagist poet has effaced the political and aesthetic possibilities opened up by her prose and later work. H. D. *s representation of 'womb vision' in Notes on Thought and Vision can be seen to anticipate the notion of' the 'creating spectator' in the theoretical writings of the Soviet film director. Sergei Eisenstein. Thus, by considering Sea Garden alongside developments in early cinema, I re-evaluate the image in H. D. *s early work, and locate her poetics not as 'static" but as kinetic. H. D. was also directly involved in film-making and in the writing of film criticism. Chapter Two explores how her engagement with the moving image is inscribed into the autobiographical novel Her, written in 1917. Examining Her alongside the silent film Borderline (1930), which H. D. helped to produce, this chapter explores issues of sexual and racial difference which are foregrounded through the formal devices employed in both texts. Chapter Three examines Tile Gýfi, which was written during the Second World War, in the light of H. D. 's contributions to the film journal Close Up (1927-33). This reading not only illuminatcs the political and ideological implications of H. D. 's use of the visual, it explores the intersections between literary and visual cultures at the beginning of the twentieth century. Accounts of cinema are largely absent from the history of literary Modernism and the thesis therefore goes some way towards a revisionist analysis of the period. Chapter Four extends the paradigm of the visual in H. D. 's work still further, analysing her memoirs Tribute To Freud (1956) and the unpublished Mqiic Ring (1943-44) in the light of her involvement with spiritualism. Both these texts encode a critique of the scientific 'gaze' exemplified by psychoanalysis and offer possibilities for an alternative model of 'seeing' which is predicated upon spiritual, or visionary, experience. Returning to the discourse of the cinema in Chapter Five, I contextualise my reading of Helen in EDIpt (1961 ) within debates about synchronised sound in early cinema. I also explore H. D. 's construction of female subjectivity and corporeality in Helen in the light of recent feminist film theory. In many ways H. D. 's work anticipates the preoccupations of recent feminist thinkers such as Luce Irigaray, H616ne Cixous and Judith Butler. These writers - along with recent feminist film theorists like Mary Ann Doane and Laura n Mulvey - provide a theoretical underpinning for the thesis. Such an approach permits a questioning of H. D. 's perceived position as a 'Modernist' poet. Furthermore, in the light of postmodern preoccupations with process, fluidity and flux, it is possible to see how dominant configurations of gender and sexuality are. through H. D. 's work, deliberately, and consistently, unsettled.
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Moore, John Humphrey. "Digitizing human faces for the analysis and synthesis of visible speech." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277886.
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Mani, Heykel. "Du texte à la scène : les migrations de l'image dans le théâtre d'Olivier PY." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30085/document.
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« Il n'y a pas d'image au théâtre. Il est l'invisible qui vient dans l'image et l'indicible qui vient dans la parole » Voilà comment Olivier Py, définit le théâtre, texte et représentation. L'étude de l'image dans le théâtre d'Olivier Py est une réflexion sur l'évolution du texte dramatique contemporain et sur le processus d'exercice du regard d'un spectateur qui se trouve au carrefour des différentes esthétiques traditionnelles et modernes. L'émigration de l'image du texte à la scène demeure la question qui bouleverse tout le processus de la création théâtrale, aussi bien sur le plan théorique que pratique.Le poème écrit n'est plus seulement une organisation cohérente d'actions accomplies mais, aussi, l'espace où l'écriture permet le transport du logos à l'opsis.La scène devient, ainsi, l'espace dialectique du partage du sensible entre acteur et spectateur, scène et salle, réel et virtuel, visible et invisible…Bref, le théâtre d'Olivier Py est l'univers des images qui se manifestent en présence réelle, « comme en état de grâce », mais qui, rapidement, deviennent fugaces, figures, simulacres, comme des spectres qui se dérobent"There is no image to the theater. it is the invisible which comes in the image and the unspeakable which comes in the world". Her is how Olivier Py, defines the theater, the text and the representation. The study of the image in the theater of Olivier Py is the reflection on the evolution of the contemporary dramatic text and on the process of exercise of the look of a spectator who is in the crossroads of the various traditional and modern esthetics. The migration of the image of the text in the podium raises the question which upsets all the process of the theatrical creation, as well on the theoretical plan that has a practice.The written poem is not any more only a coherent organization of accomplished actions but, also, the space where the writing allows the transport of the logos to the opsis. The scene becomes, hence, the dialectical space of the sharing of the sensitive between actor and spectator, stage and room, real and virtual, visible and invisible...Concisely, the theater of Olivier Py is the universe of the effigies which show themselves in real presence, "as in a state of grace", but which, speedly, become fleeting, figures, enactments, as spectres which get away
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Fišerova, Michaela. "Partages du visible : photographie et politique slovaque : 1968- 1989." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070082.
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Le présent travail tente de contribuer à la recherche d'une réponse complexe de savoir comment penser l'image aujourd'hui; et comment penser son partage. Pour élaborer cette réponse, le problème donné a été situé dans le débat autour de la représentation et mis en corrélation avec un triple questionnement - ontologique, axiologique et) épistémologique - du partage du visible, ce dernier étant entendu comme l'un des enjeux de la philosophie politique contemporaine. La méthode mise en oeuvre consiste à analyser les énoncés (textes expliquant les images légitimement visibles) et les visibilités (images sélectionnées en tant qu'illustrations pertinentes des textes) au niveau des archives. L'étude d'un cas particulier - celui d'un double traitement officiel des photographies documentaires prises au cours la période de la normalisation en Slovaquie - révèle le fait que ni à l'époque du régime autoritaire de normalisation ni à l'époque contemporaine dite démocratique, le partage légitime du visible n'est possible sans fixer certaines normes esthétiques qui fonctionnement comme les limites politiques de la vision aucun partage de l'être, des valeurs et du savoir par l'intermédiaire de l'image n'est possible sans intervention de la parole et sans production des représentationsThis work tries to contribute to the research of a complex problem: how to study image today, and how to think its sharing. To elaborate an answer to this question, the problem was situated in a discussion about the representation and put in a connection with a triple questioning - ontological, axiological and epistemological - of the sharing of the visible, which is understood as one of the problems of the contemporary political philosophy. The method, which is used, consists to analyze the statements (texts explaining the legitimately visible images) and the visibilities (images chosen as appropriate illustrations of the textes) in the field of the archive. The study of a particular case - that consists to analyze a double official mode of working with documentary photographs taken during the period of normalisation in slovakia - reveals the fact that nor during the period of the authoritative regime of normalisation, neither during the contemporary period so called democratic, the legitimate sharing of the visible is possible without fixing certain esthetic norms which function as political limits of the vision: no sharing of the being, of the values and of the knowledge by means the image is possible without intervention of speaking and without production of representations
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Yusuf, Isse Jamila, and Ghouch Chaimae El. "Information Theoretic Similarity Measures for Robust Image Matching : Multimodal Imaging - Infrared and Visible light." Thesis, KTH, Teoretisk datalogi, TCS, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-186450.
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Abstract This study aimed to investigate the applicability of three different information theoretic similarity measures in image matching, mutual information (MI), cross-cumulative residual entropy (CCRE) and sum of conditional variances (SCV). An experiment was conducted to assess the impact on the performances of the similarity measures when dealing with multimodality, in this case in the context of infrared and visible light. This was achieved by running simulations of four different scenarios using images taken in infrared and visible light, and additionally with variations in amount of details to create different experimental setups. Namely experimental setup A: unimodal data sets with more and less details and experimental setup B: multimodal datasets with more and less details. The result showed that the concept of multimodality gives a statistically significant effect on the performances of all similarity measures. Observations were made that the similarity measures performances also, when trying to match images with different amount of details, differed from each other. This provided a basis for judgement on what measure to use as to give as clear and sound results as possible depending on the variation of detail amount in the data. With this study, it was concluded that the similarity measure CCRE gave the most clear and sound results in the context of multimodality concerning infrared and visible light for both cases of more or less details. Even though the other similarity measures performed well in some cases, CCRE would be to recommend as observed by this study. Keywords : Image matching, image registration, information theoretic similarity measures, multimodal imaging, similarity measures, MI, CCRE, SCV, infrared, visible light.Denna studie syftade till att undersöka tillämpligheten av tre olika informationsteoretiska likhetsmått vid matchning av bilder, mutual information (MI), cross cumulative residual entropy (CCRE) och sum of conditional variances (SCV). Ett experiment genomfördes för att bedöma hur de olika likhetsmåtten påverkades i kontexten av multimodalitet, i detta fall i samband med infrarött och synligt ljus. Detta uppnåddes genom att köra simuleringar av fyra olika scenarier med hjälp av bilder tagna i infrarött och synligt ljus, och dessutom med variationer i mängden detaljer för att skapa olika experimentella uppsättningar. Nämligen experimentuppsättning A: unimodala datamängder med mer / mindre detaljer och experimentuppsättning B: multimodala datamängder med mer / mindre detaljer. Resultatet visade att multimodalitet har en statistiskt signifikant påverkan på alla likhetsmått. Observationer gjordes att likhetsmåttens beteenden, när man försöker matcha bilder med olika mängd detaljer, skilde sig från varandra. Detta gav en grund för bedömning av vilken av dessa likhetsmått som då kunde användas för att ge de mest tydliga och stabila resultaten som möjligt beroende på variationen av mängden detaljer i datat. Med denna studie drogs slutsatsen att likhetsmåttet CCRE gav mest de tydliga och stabila resultaten i samband med multimodalitet gällande infrarött och synligt ljus för båda fallen av mer eller mindre detaljer. Även om de andra likhetsmåtten också gav goda resultat i vissa fall, skulle CCRE vara att rekommendera, som observerat i denna studie.
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Mathews, Abraham. "Smart Home Based Li-Fi System : Stereo Audio & Image Streaming by Visible light." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-32835.
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To light up the world of technology, where wireless communication has bloomed to a great extend which requires a lot of data to be transmitted and received every fraction of the second a new era is coming. Electro-magnetic waves i.e., radio waves are the main way to transmit wireless data but certain limitations are there because radio waves can only support less bandwidth because of compact spectrum availability and intrusions. Visible Light Communication (VLC) has come to take way those issues. The new technology Li-Fi which stands for Light-Fidelity is a new kind of wireless communication system which uses light waves as a medium instead of radio frequency electromagnetic waves. This pro-ject presents an eco-friendly data communication system through visible light which consists of LEDs that transmit audio signals and sensor data to the receiver. A connection protection mechanism that co-operates with wireless network and visible light communication to achieve relia-bility and performance overcoming the drawbacks from the pre-existing system is proposed here.
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Beyan, Cigdem. "Object Tracking For Surveillance Applications Using Thermal And Visible Band Video Data Fusion." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612743/index.pdf.
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Individual tracking of objects in the video such as people and the luggages they carry is important for surveillance applications as it would enable deduction of higher level information and timely detection of potential threats. However, this is a challenging problem and many studies in the literature track people and the belongings as a single object. In this thesis, we propose using thermal band video data in addition to the visible band video data for tracking people and their belongings separately for indoor applications using their heat signatures. For object tracking step, an adaptive, fully automatic multi object tracking system based on mean-shift tracking method is proposed. Trackers are refreshed using foreground information to overcome possible problems which may occur due to the changes in object&rsquos size, shape and to handle occlusion, split and to detect newly emerging objects as well as objects that leave the scene. By using the trajectories of objects, owners of the objects are found and abandoned objects are detected to generate an alarm. Better tracking performance is also achieved compared a single modality as the thermal reflection and halo effect which adversely affect tracking are eliminated by the complementing visible band data.
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Clausson, Carl-Magnus. "Making Visible the Proximity Between Proteins." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-217772.
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Genomic DNA is the template of life - the entity which is characterized by a self-sustaining anatomical development, regulated signaling processes, the ability to reproduce and to respond to stimuli. Through what is classically known as the central dogma, the genome is transcribed into mRNA, which in turn is translated into proteins. The proteins take part in most, if not all, cellular processes, and it is by unraveling these processes that we can begin to understand life and disease-causing mechanisms. In vitro and in vivo assays are two levels at which protein communication may be studied, and which permit manipulation and control over the proteins under investigation. But in order to retrieve a representation of the processes as close to reality as possible, in situ analysis may instead be applied as a complement to the other two levels of study. In situ PLA offers the ability to survey protein activity in tissue samples and primary cell lines, at a single cell level, detecting single targets in their natural unperturbed environment. In this thesis new developments of the in situ PLA are described, along with a new technique offering in situ enzyme-free detection of proximity between biomolecules. The dynamic range of in situ PLA has now been increased by several orders of magnitude to cover analogous ranges of protein expression; the output signals have been modified to offer a greater signal-to-noise ratio and to limit false-positive-rates while also extending the dynamic range further; simultaneous detection of multiple protein complexes is now possible; proximity-HCR is presented as a robust and inexpensive enzyme-free assay for protein complex detection. The thesis also covers descriptions on how the techniques may be simultaneously applied, also together with other techniques, for the multiple data-point acquisition required by the emerging realm of systems biology. A future perspective is presented for how much more information may be simultaneously acquired from tissue samples to describe biomolecular interactions in a new manner. This will allow new types of biomarkers and drugs to be discovered, and a new holistic understanding of life.
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Couper, Sara-Louise. "Is beauty really in the eye of the beholder? : exploring positive psychological factors associated with adjustment to disfigurement and the role of attachment styles, interpersonal functioning and emotion dysregulation in relation to body image dissatisfaction and perfectionism in cosmetic surgery candidates." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23443.
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Objective: This systematic review explored how “adjustment” is generally defined in adults with an acquired visible difference (AVD) and what positive psychological factors have been evidence to be associated with positive coping and processes of adjustment in AVD. Method: A systematic search for peer reviewed journal articles from 1980 to February 2016 was conducted using: PyschINFO, Medline, EMBASE and CINAHL. Studies were appraised according to eligibility criteria and evaluated against a quality criterion to assess risk of bias. Results: Fourteen studies were included and were in the areas of head and neck cancer, burns and amputation. Selected studies demonstrated inconsistent conceptualisations of adjustment ranging from: lack of psychopathology, resilience, post-traumatic growth and quality of life. Psychological factors identified were; social functioning (social support, social self-efficacy), coping strategies (emotion, problem-focused, active coping) and dispositional optimism. Studies were considered to be of moderate methodological quality with weaknesses including; a lack of control/comparison groups, lack of measure sensitive to the unique challenges of living with AVD and minimal account for confounding variables. Results are discussed in the context of future research implications. Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between two dimensions of attachment insecurity (avoidance and anxiety), body image dissatisfaction and perfectionism using theoretically driven multiple mediation models that included emotion dysregulation and interpersonal problems as hypothesised mediators. Method: Fifty female outpatients seeking cosmetic surgery on the National Health Service (NHS) and 26 females interested in seeking cosmetic surgery within the public domain participated in this cross-sectional study (N=76). Participants completed measures of attachment avoidance and anxiety, body image dissatisfaction, perfectionism, emotion dysregulation and interpersonal problems. Results: Attachment insecurity was significantly associated with body image dissatisfaction and perfectionism. Interpersonal problems and emotion dysregulation also significantly partially mediated the relationship between attachment insecurity and body image dissatisfaction, specifically satisfaction with discrete aspects of body parts. Emotion dysregulation was also found to significantly partially mediate the relationship between avoidant attachment and perfectionism, but not anxiety. The clinical implications of this research are discussed.
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Teresi, Michael Bryan. "Multispectral Image Labeling for Unmanned Ground Vehicle Environments." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53998.
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Described is the development of a multispectral image labeling system with emphasis on Unmanned Ground Vehicles(UGVs). UGVs operating in unstructured environments face significant problems detecting viable paths when LIDAR is the sole source for perception. Promising advances in computer vision and machine learning has shown that multispectral imagery can be effective at detecting materials in unstructured environments [1][2][3][4][5][6]. This thesis seeks to extend previous work[6][7] by performing pixel level classification with multispectral features and texture. First the images are spatially registered to create a multispectral image cube. Visual, near infrared, shortwave infrared, and visible/near infrared polarimetric data are considered. The aligned images are then used to extract features which are fed to machine learning algorithms. The class list includes common materials present in rural and urban scenes such as vehicles, standing water, various forms of vegetation, and concrete. Experiments are conducted to explore the data requirement for a desired performance and the selection of a hyper-parameter for the textural features. A complete system is demonstrated, progressing from the data collection and labeling to the analysis of the classifier performance.Master of Science
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Retief, Francois Jacques. "Methods for multi-spectral image fusion: identifying stable and repeatable information across the visible and infrared spectra." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20636.
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Fusion of images captured from different viewpoints is a well-known challenge in computer vision with many established approaches and applications; however, if the observations are captured by sensors also separated by wavelength, this challenge is compounded significantly. This dissertation presents an investigation into the fusion of visible and thermal image information from two front-facing sensors mounted side-by-side. The primary focus of this work is the development of methods that enable us to map and overlay multi-spectral information; the goal is to establish a combined image in which each pixel contains both colour and thermal information. Pixel-level fusion of these distinct modalities is approached using computational stereo methods; the focus is on the viewpoint alignment and correspondence search/matching stages of processing. Frequency domain analysis is performed using a method called phase congruency. An extensive investigation of this method is carried out with two major objectives: to identify predictable relationships between the elements extracted from each modality, and to establish a stable representation of the common information captured by both sensors. Phase congruency is shown to be a stable edge detector and repeatable spatial similarity measure for multi-spectral information; this result forms the basis for the methods developed in the subsequent chapters of this work. The feasibility of automatic alignment with sparse feature-correspondence methods is investigated. It is found that conventional methods fail to match inter-spectrum correspondences, motivating the development of an edge orientation histogram (EOH) descriptor which incorporates elements of the phase congruency process. A cost function, which incorporates the outputs of the phase congruency process and the mutual information similarity measure, is developed for computational stereo correspondence matching. An evaluation of the proposed cost function shows it to be an effective similarity measure for multi-spectral information.
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Stark, Richard B. "Synthetic image generator model : application of specular and diffuse reflectivity components and performance evaluation in the visible region /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11883.
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Pedichini, F., M. Stangalini, F. Ambrosino, A. Puglisi, E. Pinna, V. Bailey, L. Carbonaro, et al. "High Contrast Imaging in the Visible: First Experimental Results at the Large Binocular Telescope." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625303.
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In 2014 February, the System for High contrast And coronography from R to K at VISual bands (SHARK-VIS) Forerunner, a high contrast experimental imager operating at visible wavelengths, was installed at the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). Here we report on the first results obtained by recent on-sky tests. These results show the extremely good performance of the LBT Extreme Adaptive Optics (ExAO) system at visible wavelengths, both in terms of spatial resolution and contrast achieved. Similarly to what was done by Amara & Quanz (2012), we used the SHARK-VIS Forerunner data to quantitatively assess the contrast enhancement. This is done by injecting several different synthetic faint objects in the acquired data and applying the angular differential imaging (ADI) technique. A contrast of the order of 5 x 10(-5) is obtained at 630 nm for angular separations from the star larger than 100 mas. These results are discussed in light of the future development of SHARK-VIS and compared to those obtained by other high contrast imagers operating at similar wavelengths.
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Garner, Brian Alan. "A Musculoskeletal model of the upper limb based on the medical image dataset of the visible human male /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Costa, Alexandre. "A invisibilidade da imagem: simulação, fantasia e realidade do mundo visível." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/4307.
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This thesis aims at understanding and presenting the image open, phenomenological, founding in his perception, which updates its full potential embodied in the means of visibility, which culminates in the process of representation and validation of the perceived real, where the image gains strength and takes the position of mediation between man and the world, adopting the assumptions of Flusser. This work is justified when it exposes the impossibility of viewing the real, or rather, points to the invisibility of the image that simulates the real perceived, given his acknowledged inability to naturally present to the world, according to the precepts of Merleau-Ponty. We try to track one of the most prolific and problematic of philosophy and Communication Sciences, feeling the concepts and functions of the image. For this, we use two types of approaches. An anthropological (empirical), history and culture, which describes the image "artefactum," propagated by the many supporters and media at the same time, the mediator of the ways of perceiving the man in the world. An introductory way, discusses the origin, evolution and characteristics of dialectical exchange with other languages and their hunger contemporary media. Another, on the epistemological approach (theoretical), examines the essence of the image function as an interface between the possibilities of sensible and intelligible subject, present and aware of their cognitive amplitudes. The analysis of the mechanisms of representation and language, representationalist presented by the studies of art history and media, where the image takes up space as a fundamental means of existence and visibility, a wide fertile reflection, that in contrast to studies of the phenomenology of perception and the principles of contemporary semiotics are examined, mainly in the assumptions and contributions of Merleau-Ponty, Flusser, Mitchell, Baitello, Belting and Català Domènech. The hypothesis search visibility for the phenomenological status of the image, in order to legitimize the proposal for a "reading" open the image without the proper supports media in which it takes shape and becomes visible. Regardless of your need to "embodiment" to support, knowledge "theoretical" and phenomenological characteristics of their epistemological and cultural image prior to "physical" noticeable, contribute to a better understanding of media studies and art, which is intrinsically present through the visible image. The idea that perception puts us in touch with an experience that keeps an inherently vital and at the same time, a cultural and rational intention that presents itself as our point of view about the world, expands this thesis
Esta tese objetiva a percepção e apresentação da imagem aberta, fenomenológica, fundante na sua percepção, onde atualiza seu amplo potencial de visibilidade encarnado nos meios, e que culmina no processo de representação e validação do real percebido, onde a imagem ganha força e ocupa o posto de mediação entre o homem e o mundo, adotando as premissas de Flusser. Este trabalho se justifica quando expõe a impossibilidade da visualização do real, ou melhor, aponta a invisibilidade da imagem que simula o real percebido, haja vista sua reconhecida incapacidade de se apresentar naturalmente ao mundo, conforme os preceitos de Merleau-Ponty. Procuramos rastrear um dos pontos mais fecundos e problemáticos da filosofia e das Ciências da Comunicação, tateando os conceitos e funções da imagem. Para isso, utilizam-se duas formas de abordagem. Uma antropológica (empírica), histórica e cultural, que descreve a imagem artefactum , propagada pelos inúmeros suportes midiáticos e ao mesmo tempo, mediadora das formas de percepção do homem no mundo. De forma introdutória, aborda a origem, evolução e características do intercâmbio dialético com outras linguagens e sua voracidade midiática contemporânea. Outra, na abordagem epistemológica (teórica), examina a essência, função da imagem como interface entre as possibilidades do sensível e inteligível do sujeito, presente e consciente de suas amplitudes cognitivas. A análise dos mecanismos da representação e da linguagem, apresentada pelos estudos representacionistas da história da arte e da mídia, onde a imagem ocupa espaço fundamental como meio de visibilidade e existência, fecunda uma ampla reflexão, que em contraposição aos estudos da fenomenologia da percepção e aos princípios da semiótica contemporânea são examinadas, principalmente, nos pressupostos e colaborações de Merleau-Ponty, Flusser, Mitchell, Baitello, Belting e Català Domènech. A hipótese busca a visibilidade para o estatuto fenomenológico da imagem, com a finalidade de legitimar a proposta de uma leitura aberta da imagem sem os devidos suportes midiáticos na qual ela ganha forma e se torna visível. Independentemente de sua necessidade de encarnação ao suporte, o conhecimento teórico e epistemológico de suas características fenomenológicas e culturais, que antecedem a imagem física percebível, colabora para uma melhor compreensão dos estudos da mídia e da arte, que intrinsicamente se apresentam por meio da imagem visível. A ideia de que a percepção nos coloca em contato com uma experiência que guarda uma inerência vital e, ao mesmo tempo, uma intenção cultural e racional que se apresenta como nosso ponto de vista sobre o mundo, amplia esta tese
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Bonardi, Fabien. "Localisation visuelle multimodale visible/infrarouge pour la navigation autonome." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR028/document.
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On regroupe sous l’expression navigation autonome l’ensemble des méthodes visantà automatiser les déplacements d’un robot mobile. Les travaux présentés seconcentrent sur la problématique de la localisation en milieu extérieur, urbain etpériurbain, et approchent la problématique de la localisation visuelle soumise à lafois à un changement de capteurs (géométrie et modalité) ainsi qu’aux changementsde l’environnement à long terme, contraintes combinées encore très peu étudiéesdans l’état de l’art. Les recherches menées dans le cadre de cette thèse ont porté surl’utilisation exclusive de capteurs de vision. La contribution majeure de cette thèseporte sur la phase de description et compression des données issues des images sousla forme d’un histogramme de mots visuels que nous avons nommée PHROG (PluralHistograms of Restricted Oriented Gradients). Les expériences menées ont été réaliséessur plusieurs bases d’images avec différentes modalités visibles et infrarouges. Lesrésultats obtenus démontrent une amélioration des performances de reconnaissance descènes comparés aux méthodes de l’état de l’art. Par la suite, nous nous intéresseronsà la nature séquentielle des images acquises dans un contexte de navigation afin defiltrer et supprimer des estimations de localisation aberrantes. Les concepts d’un cadreprobabiliste Bayésien permettent deux applications de filtrage probabiliste appliquéesà notre problématique : une première solution définit un modèle de déplacementsimple du robot avec un filtre d’histogrammes et la deuxième met en place un modèleplus évolué faisant appel à l’odométrie visuelle au sein d’un filtre particulaire.123Autonomous navigation field gathers the set of algorithms which automate the moves of a mobile robot. The case study of this thesis focuses on the outdoor localisation issue with additionnal constraints : the use of visual sensors only with variable specifications (geometry, modality, etc) and long-term apparence changes of the surrounding environment. Both types of constraints are still rarely studied in the state of the art. Our main contribution concerns the description and compression steps of the data extracted from images. We developped a method called PHROG which represents data as a visual-words histogram. Obtained results on several images datasets show an improvment of the scenes recognition performance compared to methods from the state of the art. In a context of navigation, acquired images are sequential such that we can envision a filtering method to avoid faulty localisation estimation. Two probabilistic filtering approaches are proposed : a first one defines a simple movement model with a histograms filter and a second one sets up a more complex model using visual odometry and a particules filter
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Plangger, Stefanie. "Gott im Bild : Eidôlon : Studien zur Herkunft und Verwendung des Septuagintabegriffes für das Götterbild." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAK017.
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Actuellement, le concept « idole » a basculé dans la sphère triviale du culte de personnes et renferme, néanmoins, des traces du sens antique du mot. Le terme d’idole met l’accent sur le moment de la vénération et c’est précisément là que réside la difficulté : la combinaison de l’adoration et de la plasticité d'une image va à l’encontre de la théologie de l’Ancien Testament de la vénération unique et sans image de JHWH. Le point de départ de cette étude est le mot grec eidôlon, qui est ancré dans le sujet de l’image des divinités depuis la Septante et qui fait office de terme fixe pour désigner les déités étrangères. Il en ressort qu’il n’existe pas d’expression standard pour une image de culte dans la culture grecque. La comparaison et l’analyse exacte des équivalents hébreux et grecs forment la majeure partie de la thèse. Dans le cas d’eidôlon il n’existe pas d’équivalent standard mais un bon nombre de termes hébreux qui sont tous reproduits par le terme grec dans la LXX. Par ailleurs, le terme eidôlon apparaît dans des textes d’importance cruciale pour la foi israélite (voir sa fréquence dans le deuxième commandement du Décalogue et dans le Chant de Moïse). Il s’agit d’une manœuvre stratégique et théologique des traducteurs, car ce terme renferme tous les éléments majeurs des divinités étrangères. Il existe donc une différenciation claire entre le dieu d’Israël et toutes les autres divinitésThe concept “idol” derives from ancient Greek, which is still used today. Nowadays, an Idol designates first and foremost the cult of personality but the traces of the ancient meaning are partly preserved. The term idol focuses on the veneration of foreign deities and their pictorial representations. Therefore, idols contrast with the monotheism and an iconism of the god of Israel. This study elaborates the original meaning of the Greek word eidôlon which becomes the standard expression for divine images since its usage in the Septuagint and afterwards. It seems that there did not exist a major term for cult images in the Greek culture. The comparison and the exact analysis of the Hebrew and Greek equivalents form the major part of the thesis. In the case of eidôlon there does not exist a Hebrew standard equivalent but a variety of Hebrew lexemes which are all translated by the Greek word in the Septuagint. In general, eidôlon appears in important and authoritative texts (Exodus 20: the Second Commandment,Deuteronomy 32: The Song of Moses). Concerning the choice of terminology, eidôlon is astrategic and theological move of the translators because this Greek expression includes allmajor characteristics of foreign deities. A clear distinction between JHWH the god of Israel andall other deities becomes clear
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Ghermani, Laïla. "Le visible et l'invisible dans Paradise Lost de John Milton (1608-1674) : genèse et essor d'une poétique hérétique." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030133.
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Comment le poète miltonien peut-il affirmer qu’il va voir et dire les choses invisibles aux yeux des mortels (« […] see and tell / Of things invisible to mortal eyes » (III, 54-55)) ou encore qu’il va montrer les exploits invisibles des anges (« invisible exploits » V, 565) dans son épopée ? L’objectif de la présente étude est de montrer que l’entreprise de rendre visible l’invisible est profondément originale d’un point de vue à la fois esthétique et théologique. En effet, pour formuler un tel argument, John Milton s’appuie sur une théologie qui lui est propre et qu’il revendique comme hérétique. Ainsi, en refusant la prédestination calviniste pour lui préférer la pensée d’Arminius sur le libre-arbitre, Milton forge une personnalité poétique qui bénéficie d’une illumination spécifique et supérieure. Par ailleurs, en réfutant le dogme de la Trinité pour lui préférer une conception unitaire, Milton conçoit le Fils de Dieu comme la première image visible et créée du Père invisible. Le modèle du Fils lui permet de penser une poétique de l’invisible. Enfin, sa poétique s’appuie sur une définition de l’accommodation scripturaire qui contredit celle de Saint Augustin, pourtant couramment utilisée par les protestants. Pour donner forme à son projet, Milton élabore une poétique épique, centrée sur les personnes du poète et du Fils, dont la fin dernière est la représentation visuelle. Pour rendre visible l’invisible gloire divine, il met en place une hiérarchie des images et du lexique de la lumière analogue à celle des créatures. La fragmentation du regard et sa réunification par le narrateur omniscient constituent le second élément de son esthétique visuelleHow can Milton’s poet claim that he intends to «see and tell / Of things invisible to mortal eyes » (III, 54-55) or that he is going to disclose the « invisible exploits » (V, 565) of the angels in the epic? The aim of this study is to show that Milton’s project to make invisible things visible, is profoundly original in both aesthetic and theological terms. His argument is rooted in a theology of his own which he acknowledges to be heretical. By rejecting the Calvinist idea of predestination, preferring instead the doctrine of Arminius, Milton forges a poetic persona who is granted a specific and superior illumination. Moreover, Milton refutes the dogma of the Trinity, and conceives the Son as the first created image of the invisible Father. Such a conception of the Son provides him with a model for his poetics of the invisible. Finally, Milton's poetics is based on a definition of scriptural accommodation which is in opposition to the Augustinian definition usually adopted by the Protestants. To give coherence to his project Milton elaborates an epic poetics which is centred on the figures of the poet and the Son and whose final aim is the representation of the invisible. To make the invisible glory of God visible, he introduces a hierarchy of images and words concerning the manifestations of light which parallels the hierarchy of living things in the universe. The second aspect of Milton’s visual aesthetics concerns a fragmenting of unified sight and its subsequent reconstruction by the omniscient narrator
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Delmas, Anthony. "Contribution à l'étude de l'effet mirage : application aux mesures dimensionnelle et thermique par caméras visible proche infrarouge." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/8958/1/delmas.pdf.
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L’Institut Clément Ader Albi (ICAA) et l’Institut von Karman (IVK) mènent depuis un certain nombre d’années des travaux sur la radiométrie IR dans le but de faire de la thermographie quantitative (mesure de température vraie sans contact). Ces travaux ont permis d’explorer les potentialités de plusieurs bandes spectrales : 8-12µm, 3-5µm et plus récemment la bande 0,75-1,7µm (proche IR) à l’aide de caméras CCD (Si) ou VisGaAs. Les travaux effectués dans ce domaine spectral ont permis de mettre en évidence un certains nombre de perturbations renforcées par les hautes températures(T>800°C). Cette thèse aborde de façon détaillée le traitement d’un certain nombre de grandeurs d’influence liées à la mesure de différents paramètres dans le domaine du proche IR mais également étendus aux domaines du visible et de l’IR. La première de ces grandeurs est l’émissivité dont le traitement a déjà été abordé par d’autres études. La seconde grandeur d’influence touche plus particulièrement à la localisation des points chauds sur l’objet et la distorsion du champ de température apportée par les effets convectifs présents autour d’un objet à haute température, elle est le coeur de cette thèse. En effet, lorsqu’une pièce chaude se trouve dans un milieu ambiant beaucoup plus froid, il se crée un gradient de température et donc d’indice de réfraction autour de la pièce. Or les caméras travaillant dans les différentes bandes spectrales vont être plus ou moins sensibles à ces variations d’indices de réfraction du fait de la dépendance de l’indice optique avec la longueur d’onde et de la résolution spatiale de la caméra utilisée. Ce phénomène, appelé effet mirage, entraîne inévitablement une déformation des informations spatiales reçues par la caméra. Le but de cette thèse a donc été d’estimer et de proposer une première approche pour corriger l’erreur faite sur la mesure de température et/ou de déformation faites par caméras sur des pièces chaudes. La démarche générale du travail a donc été dans un premier temps de calculer le champ de température autour de l’objet considéré en se ramenant d’abord à des cas simplifiés. On en a déduit alors le champ de réfraction entraînant une « déformation » de l’objet, en faisant le lien entre T et n. Cette étape correspond à l’approche numérique de notre étude. Cette étape numérique a été réalisé à l’aide d’un outil de lancer de rayons développée à l’ICA. L’approche expérimentale a consisté à l’utilisation de méthodes telle que la BOS (Background Oriented Schlieren), la PIV, la srtioscopie afin de déduire le champ de déplacements provoqué par le panache convectif. Ces résultats ont été comparés à la méthode numérique et ceci pour différentes longueurs d’ondes. Enfin, une stratégie de correction d’images perturbées a été abordé à l’aide de méthodes telles que la transformée d’Abel inverse afin de remonter au champ d’indice de réfraction 2D axisymétrique à partir d’une déformation plane.
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Elamir, Sara, and Davide Licheri. "Making the invisible visible: a study on ingredient branding in the automotive industry : An experimental study in the automotive industry." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-21159.
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In a competitive environment, ensuring to provide high quality can be considered as one of the key objectives of the organizations. For guaranteeing that, the firms should communicate efficiently regarding quality, in order to influence the consumers´ perception towards quality. A high perception of quality requires a strong brand, which should guide the consumers in their choice and let them to refuse the competitors. Among the different strategies that can be put in place by the firms, co-branding is a joint strategy that is trying to combine the value of both brands in a synergy effect. Ingredient branding is a type of branding that entails the use of a component from one brand in a product of another brand, moreover these stimuli that are influencing the consumers´ behaviour. This stimulus will impact the quality perception of the brand and the consumers´ willingness of choosing the brand, therefore the brand would be preferred to other brands and make the consumer be loyal to the host brand. This study was conducted by employing a quantitative approach based on an experimental design with a focus on the automotive industry. A survey was distributed among students and young professionals, which are considered as actual or prospective car buyers. A total of 116 responses contributed to the sample of this research. The findings show that an ingredient brand with high perceived quality can increase the perceived quality of the host brand and that the increased quality of the host brand can lead to brand loyalty.
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Abensour, Corinne. "La place de l'image dans la communication religieuse : Eglise du visible, Eglise de la parole : incidence de l'iconophobie chrétienne sur la prise en compte des moyens de communication par les Eglises catholique et protestante." Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131030.
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Nous avons etudie la prise en compte des moyens de communication par les catholiques et les protestants en france et avons centre notre analyse sur le role et l'influence de l'iconophobie dans l'approche qu'ont les uns et les autres des medias. Cette etude a implique l'analyse des discours tenus par les autorites ecclesiastiques ou par des intellectuels catholiques et protestants, discours figurant dans des declarations officielles, des ouvrages, des journaux, des revues ou sur des sites internet. L'etude entreprise prouve que la querelle des images est au cur de la theologie des mediations et de la prise en compte par les catholiques et par les protestants des moyens de communication. Les crises iconoclastes n'ont donc rien perdu de leur actualite et les conceptions jansenistes conservent un impact certain sur le debat actuel. On peut en effet montrer, d'une part que l'emergence, a port-royal, d'une position mediane sur la question de l'image, eclaire les debats contemporains, d'autre part que cette position mediane est un point d'equilibre sans cesse remis en question par la tentation iconoclaste protestante et les exces de l'iconophilie catholique. L'emergence de nouveaux moyens de communication, des la fin du xixe siecle, ne modifie pas fondamentalement le debat initial, comme on peut s'en apercevoir en analysant, au cours du xxe siecle, chez les catholiques comme chez les protestants, les mecanismes complexes de rejet, d'appropriation, de desaffection des medias, lies aux theologies des mediations et aux approches specifiques des problematiques de l'image. Mais les technologies les plus recentes (internet, televisions interactives) changent considerablement la donne. La dimension polemique de la coexistence de deux theologies opposees des mediations s'estompe, cependant que s'accuse la difference entre les approches catholique et protestante des moyens de communication. Les nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication permettent au catholicisme de s'affirmer en tant qu'eglise du visible, inscrite dans l'espace, alors que le protestantisme renforce son statut d'eglise de la parole, inscrite dans le temps.
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Shabtay, Talia Bess. "Still Wet: On Painting, Presence, Pleasure, and You." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250699054.
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Hsu, Li-Hsiang. "Le Visible et l'Expression. Étude sur la Relation Intersubjective entre Perception Visuelle, Sentiment Esthétique et Forme Picturale." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00401739.
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La problématique de ce travail est liée à celle des théories de l'expression en art. Nous voulons savoir comment est possible la communication intersubjective à partir d'une expression originaire, primaire, reposant essentiellement sur les éléments formels, visuels et plastiques, sans l'intermédiaire de concepts, ni celui des éléments sémantiques, propositionnels. Nous voulons savoir quel rôle joue l'œuvre d'art dans la communication non verbale entre l'artiste-créateur et le spectateur-récepteur. Nous traitons cette problématique à partir de la relation triangulaire entre l'expression artistique, la forme signifiante et le sentiment esthétique. Nous essayons de résoudre le problème de l'expression originaire en art visuel en le déplaçant dans le contexte du jugement esthétique. La tâche essentielle pour nous est alors de traduire cette relation triangulaire en termes de formation du jugement de goût, d'expression du sentiment esthétique et de perception de la propriété esthétique que nous situions dans un contexte de l'interaction affect-cognition. Nous défendons alors une forme de réalisme esthétique appuyé sur le réalisme scientifique de l'affectivité, en particulier, la théorie James-Lange et les théories d'appraisal, à partir duquel nous déclarons que les propriétés affectives sont les propriétés qui ont affaire avec l'état du sujet percevant. Au sens fort du terme, elle sont réelles parce que leurs conditions de vérité sont les états neurophysiologiques du corps, observables et vérifiables par des moyens empiriques ; ou du moins, au sens faible, elles sont considérées comme les propriétés susceptibles de faire l'objet d'une programmation fonctionnelle, de la modélisation de l'esprit plus précisément, telle que suggèrent les théories d'appraisal de l'émotion. La version forte du réalisme de l'affectivité implique que, au lieu de nous donner une image fidèle du monde physique, l'émotion est la perception de l'état du corps dont la réalité n'est guère moins évidente que le monde perçu. La version faible de celui-ci implique que l'affectivité constitue du moins une modalité fonctionnelle de l'esprit. À partir de cette dernière, notamment à partir des théories d'appraisal de l'émotion, nous développons un modèle d'appraisal esthétique afin d'expliquer le traitement esthétique (à la fois perceptif et évaluatif) d'une œuvre d'art et les processus de « fabrique » de jugement esthétique dans notre esprit. Nous voulons montrer que, ensemble, le stimulus affectif/esthétique (l'œuvre d'art) et le sujet percevant (l'artiste et le spectateur) constituent les systèmes interactifs ultra complexes et qu'il existe certainement une corrélation relativement stable entre les propriétés physiques du stimulus et les réactions physiologiques et émotionnelles du sujet percevant. Nous cherchons les variables perceptives déterminant la réaction affective de l'individu à l'œuvre d'art. Ce sont avant tout les caractéristiques visuellement saillantes et esthétiquement pertinentes du stimulus, telles que la luminosité, le degré du contraste (lumineux ou chromatique), la séparation figure-fond, l'orientation de la composition picturale, que ce soit verticale, horizontale ou diagonale, l'organisation du centre et du pourtour du champ pictural, et ainsi de suite. Ce modèle a pour but d'illustrer le rapport des propriétés physiques (perceptives) de l'œuvre d'art et des propriétés affectives/esthétiques/évaluatives de celle-ci. De même que les scientifiques de l'émotion s'appliquent à développer des modèles théoriques pour expliquer comment une variété de contenus émotionnels se produit, comment les expériences émotionnelles se différencient selon les modèles distincts du traitement évaluatif, et comment elles sont déterminées en fonction de la façon dont les composantes cognitives, évaluatives et motivationnelles sont combinées, l'objectif de notre approche est de proposer les variables du jugement esthétique, ainsi que d'expliquer pourquoi dans telle ou telle condition l'objet esthétique est jugé beau ou sublime, gracieux ou élégant, et pourquoi dans telle ou telle condition il ne l'est pas.
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Lee, Sun-Woo. "Apichatpong Weerasethakul entre réalité et imaginaire." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100194/document.
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Cette étude est consacrée à l’analyse de la coexistence de la réalité et de l’imaginaire dans l’œuvre d’Apichatpong Weerasethakul. Les modalités de rencontre et de croisement de ces deux dimensions dans un film ou entre des films sont éclaircies à travers des observations pratiques et détaillées. Partant de l’analyse de l’influence de deux cultures différentes – la sensibilité autochtone thaïlandaise et la tendance du cinéma expérimental occidental – nous envisageons d’une part les modalités de captation des scènes de la vie réelle et d’autre part la manière de découvrir et de révéler le côté invisible qui entoure ce champ visible. La narration filmique est représentée de manière diverse en déviant de la règle classique. Dans le processus de formation d’une histoire, des matières hétérogènes sont englobées et des textes divers sont connectés. Par ailleurs, l’univers flexible et libre de Weerasethakul présuppose toujours des temps multiples virtuels, caractéristique essentielle que l’on retrouve dans toutes ses œuvres, des courts-métrages aux installations en passant par les long-métrages. Par conséquent, la distinction entre la dimension réelle et la dimension irréelle/surréelle perd en clarté ; la ligne de distinction est quasiment annulée. Le réalisateur propose ainsi une autre vision du monde se basant sur la tradition bouddhique thaïlandaise qui pourrait sembler absurde du point de vue du rationalisme moderne de l’Occident. En traversant ainsi les discussions autour du monde hybride de Weerasethakul, cette étude a pour ambition de démontrer que son cinéma (re)trouve la beauté et la puissance de la réalité à travers l’imaginaireThis study is about the analysis of the coexistence of reality and imagination in the work of Apichatpong Weerasethakul. The modalities of encountering and crossing of these two dimensions in a film or between films are clarified through practical and detailed observations. On the basis of an analysis of the influence of two different cultures – the Thai indigenous sensibility and the tendency of Western experimental cinema –, we search on the one hand the modalities of capturing the scenes of real life, and on the other hand how to discover and reveal the invisible side that surrounds this visible field. The narrative of his films is represented in a diverse way by deviating from the classical rule. In the process of forming a narrative, heterogeneous materials are embraced and various texts are connected. Moreover, the flexible and free world of Weerasethakul always presupposes virtual multiple times, an essential characteristic that can be found in all his works, from short films to installations to the feature films. Therefore, the distinction between the real dimension and the unreal / surreal dimension loses clarity; the line of distinction is virtually canceled. The filmmaker thus proposes another view of the world based on the Thai Buddhist tradition that might seem absurd from the point of view of modern rationalism of the West. By crossing the discussions around the hybrid world of Weerasethakul, this study aims to demonstrate that his cinema (re)finds the beauty and power of reality through the imagination
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Benoit, Landry. "Imagerie multimodalité appliquée au phénotypage haut-débit des semences et plantules." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0084.
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Au cours de ce travail nous avons utilisé les potentialités de différentes modalités d'imagerie, que nous appliquons au domaine du végétal afin de contribuer au phénotypage haut-débit des semences et plantules. Nous nous somme principalement consacré à la recherche de réponses à deux problématiques spécifiques et importantes de ce secteur. Nous commençons par montrer l'applicabilité de l'imagerie en lumière visible inactinique et de l'imagerie thermographique passive pour imager le développement des semences et plantules, un phénomène biologique se déroulant normalement dans le sol et l’obscurité. Nous présentons nos apports à ce type d’imagerie, au travers de nos contributions à la conception et à la réalisation d’un système de vision en imagerie visible inactinique, ayant pour finalité la réalisation de mesures individualisées automatisées sur les semences, les plantules et les organes des plantules. Ce système gère les croisements de plantules, via l'utilisation originale de la diffusion anisotrope, ce qui nous a permis de multiplier, sans perte d'information, les débits par dix. De plus, ce système réalise la séparation des organes au moyen d’un critère générique basé sur le gravitropisme. La validation des algorithmes de traitement d'images du système de vision utilise des voies originales (simulation numérique et test de l'influence de l'incertitude via simulation agronomique). L’imagerie thermographique, qui capte le rayonnement thermique passif des objets, nous permet de visualiser et de mesurer les semences et plantules dans l'obscurité. Elle permet aussi de réaliser la segmentation et le suivi des organes de plantules. Cette technologie d'imagerie nous a aussi permis de montrer la faisabilité d'un dosage non destructif de teneur en sucre des organes de plantules de betterave. Ensuite nous proposons une méthodologie générique permettant la conception de capteurs bas-coût spectralement optimisés, en fonction de tâches applicatives déterminées. Cette méthodologie utilise la théorie de l’information, pour extraire de l’imagerie hyperspectrale, relativement coûteuse, l’information utile à la conception des capteurs dédiés bas-coût. L’intérêt de cette méthodologie pour le phénotypage des plantes est montré et justifie le transfert de celle-ci au monde de la recherche en biologie végétaleAlong this work, we have used the potentiality of different modalities of imagery that we apply to the plant domain so as to contribute to the high-throughput phenotyping of seeds and seedlings. We have mainly committed ourselves to the search for answers to two specific and important problematic in this domain. We begin by showing the applicability of visible imaging using an inactinic light and passive thermographic imaging to image the development of seeds and seedlings, a biological phenomenon usually occurring in soil and darkness. We present our contributions to this type of imaging through our contributions to the conception and the realization of a vision system using visible inactinic imaging, whose finality is the realization of individualized automated measurement on the seeds, the seedlings and the organs of the seedlings. This system handle seedling crossing, through the original use of anisotropic diffusion, which allowed us to multiply, without information loss, the output by ten. Furthermore, this system carries out the separation of the organs by means of a generic criterion based on gravitropism. The validation of the image processing algorithms of the vision system use original ways (numerical simulation and test of the influence of the uncertainty through agronomic simulation). Thermographic imaging, which captures the passive heat radiation of objects, allows us to visualize and to measure seeds and seedlings in the darkness. It also allows realizing the segmentation and the tracking of the organs of seedlings. This imaging technology also allowed us to demonstrate the feasibility of a non-destructive determination of sugar quantity in organs of beet seedlings. We then propose a generic methodology that allows the conception of spectrally optimized low-cost sensors, according to determined application tasks. This methodology uses information theory, to extract from, relatively expensive, hyperspectral imaging, the information needed for the conception of the dedicated low-cost sensors. The interest of this methodology for plant phenotyping has been shown and justifies its transfer to the world of research in plant biology
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Yanamadala, Janakinadh. "Development of the VHP-Female Full-Body Computational Model and Its Applications for Biomedical Electromagnetic Modeling." Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/142.
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Computational modeling offers better insight into a wide range of bioelectrical and biomechanical problems with improved tools for the design of medical devices and the diagnosis of pathologies. Electromagnetic modeling at low and high frequencies is particularly necessary. Modeling electromagnetic, structural, thermal, and acoustic response of the human body to different internal and external stimuli is limited by the availability of numerically efficient computational human models. This study describes the development to date of a computational full-body human model - Visible Human Project (VHP) - Female Model. Its unique feature is full compatibility both with MATLAB and specialized FEM computational software packages such as ANSYS HFSS/Maxwell 3D. This study also describes progress made to date in using the newly developed tools for segmentation. A visualization tool is implemented within MATLAB and is based on customized version of the constrained 2D Delaunay triangulation method for intersecting objects. This thesis applies a VHP - Female Model to a specific application, transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation has been beneficial in the stimulation of cortical activity and treatment of neurological disorders in humans. The placement of electrodes, which is cephalic versus extracephalic montages, is studied for optimal targeting of currents for a given functional area. Given the difficulty of obtaining in vivo measurements of current density, modeling of conventional and alternative electrode montages via the FEM has been utilized to provide insight into the tDCS montage performance. An insight into future work and potential areas of research, such as study of bone quality have been presented too.
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Blondel, Walter. "Spectro-imagerie optique UV-Visible : approche multimodale et caractérisation de tissus biologiques in vivo appliquées au photodiagnostic en cancérologie." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347421.
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Ce manuscrit se compose de 3 grandes parties. La première présente d'une part, un court curriculum vitae et d'autre part, une notice exposant l'ensemble de mes activités en matière d'enseignement, de recherche, d'administration et autres responsabilités individuelles et collectives depuis 1997. La deuxième grande partie est consacrée à une description du projet de recherche mené au CRAN depuis 2002-2003, dans le domaine de la caractérisation de tissus biologiques à l'aide de méthodes d'imagerie et de spectroscopie optique UV-Visible, au travers d'une approche "multi-échelles" et "multi-modalités". Leurs applications notamment au photodiagnostic in vivo en cancérologie (vessie, peau) sont développée au travers de 2 axes de recherche en : - imagerie endoscopique panoramique en lumière blanche (LB) et fluorescence (F), avec la construction automatique et rapide d'images panoramiques de parois internes de vessies par recalage et mosaïquage des images cystoscopiques, les validations quantitatives et qualitatives des performances des algorithmes développés, et la validation de la superposition d'images panoramiques LB/F au moyen d'un système d'excitation et d'acquisition Visible/UV multiplexées dans le temps, - spectroscopie fibrée d'autofluorescence (AF) et de diffusion élastique (DE) résolue spatialement, avec le développement et la validation métrologique d'un système de multiple excitation d'AF 360- 460 nm et de DE 360-760 nm, le traitement des données spectroscopiques multi-dimensionnelles, l'extraction, la sélection et la classification supervisée / non-supervisée de caractéristiques spectrales, l'identification de paramètres optiques de tissus à l'aide de simulations statistiques (Monte Carlo, modèles multi-couches), enfin l'application de la méthode à plusieurs études de différenciation in vivo entre les états sains/inflammatoires/cancéreux de la vessie de rats et entre les états sains/hyperplasiques/dysplasiques de la peau de souris. Pour chacun de ces axes, les problématiques, objectifs, principaux résultats et perspectives sont précisées. Finalement, la troisième et dernière grande partie de ce manuscrit donne la production scientifique et la version intégrale de plusieurs articles représentatifs.
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Robison, Michael J. "Prototype Design for NPSAT Visible Imager." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA380798.
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Thesis (M.S. in Astronautical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, June 2000.Thesis advisor(s): Olsen, Richard C. "June 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-50). Also available online.
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Ceamanos, Garcia Xavier. "Evaluation des performances de l'analyse statistique et physique d'images hyperspectrales de Mars. Application au capteur multi-angulaire CRISM." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENU033/document.
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Une nouvelle génération de spectromètres imageurs émerge dans le domaine de l'exploration spatiale par l'ajout d'une dimension supplémentaire de mesure, la dimension angulaire. L'imagerie spectroscopique multi-angulaire est conçue pour fournir une caractérisation plus précise des matériaux planétaires et permet une meilleure séparation des signaux provenant de l'atmosphère et la surface. Le capteur Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) à bord de la sonde Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter est une caméra hyperspectrale qui fonctionne systématiquement dans le mode multi-angulaire depuis l'orbite. Néanmoins, les images multi-angulaires hyperspectrales posent certains problèmes de manipulation, de visualisation et d'analyse en raison de leur taille et de leur complexité. Dans ce cadre, cette thèse propose des algorithmes statistiques et physiques pour analyser les images acquises par l'instrument CRISM de manière efficace et robuste. Premièrement, je propose une chaîne de post-traitement visant à améliorer la qualité radiométrique des données CRISM et à générer des produits améliorés, ces dernières données étant conçues pour permettre une analyse fine de la planète Mars. Deuxièmement, je m'intéresse à la correction atmosphérique des images CRISM en exploitant les capacités multi-angulaires de cet instrument. Un algorithme innovant, à base physique est mis en oeuvre pour compenser les effets atmosphériques afin d'estimer la reflectance de surface. Cette approche est particulièrement utilisée dans cette thèse pour déduire les propriétés photométriques des matériaux qui coexistent dans un site spécifique de Mars, le cratère de Gusev. Troisièmement, j'effectue une comparaison d'une sélection des meilleurs techniques existantes, visant à réaliser une déconvolution spectrale des données acquises par l'instrument CRISM. Ces techniques statistiques se sont avérées utiles lors de l'analyse d'images hyperspectrales de manière non supervisé, c'est a dire, sans aucun a priori sur la scène. Une stratégie originale est proposée pour discriminer les techniques les plus appropriées pour l'exploration de Mars, à partir de données indépendantes provenant d'autres capteurs d'imagerie haute résolution afin de construire une vérité de terrainNew generation of imaging spectrometers are emerging in the field of space exploration by adding an additional view of measurement, the angular dimension. Multi-angle imaging spectroscopy is conceived to provide a more accurate characterization of planetary materials and a higher success in separating the signals coming from the atmosphere and the surface. The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter is a hyperspectral camera that operates systematically in multi-angle mode from space. Nonetheless, multi-angle hyperspectral images are related to problems of manipulation, visualization and analysis because of their size and complexity. In this framework, this PhD thesis proposes robust statistical and physical algorithms to analyze images acquired by the CRISM instrument in an efficient manner. First, I propose a tailor-made data pipeline aimed at improving the radiometric quality of CRISM data and generating advanced products, the latter data being devised to perform fine analysis of the planet Mars. Second, I address the atmospheric correction of CRISM imagery by exploiting the multi-angle capabilities of this instrument. An innovative physically-based algorithm compensating for atmospheric effects is put forward in order to retrieve surface reflectance. This approach is particularly used in this thesis to infer the photometric properties of the materials coexisting in a specific site of Mars, the Gusev crater. Third, I perform an intercomparison of a selection of state-of-the-art techniques aimed at performing spectral unmixing of hyperspectral data acquired by the CRISM instrument. These statistical techniques are proved to be useful when analyzing hyperspectral images in an unsupervised manner, that is, without any a priori on the scene. An original strategy is proposed to discriminate the most suitable techniques for the exploration of Mars based on ground truth data built from independent high resolution imagery
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Nyberg, Adam. "Transforming Thermal Images to Visible Spectrum Images Using Deep Learning." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-151982.
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Thermal spectrum cameras are gaining interest in many applications due to their long wavelength which allows them to operate under low light and harsh weather conditions. One disadvantage of thermal cameras is their limited visual interpretability for humans, which limits the scope of their applications. In this thesis, we try to address this problem by investigating the possibility of transforming thermal infrared (TIR) images to perceptually realistic visible spectrum (VIS) images by using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Existing state-of-the-art colorization CNNs fail to provide the desired output as they were trained to map grayscale VIS images to color VIS images. Instead, we utilize an auto-encoder architecture to perform cross-spectral transformation between TIR and VIS images. This architecture was shown to quantitatively perform very well on the problem while producing perceptually realistic images. We show that the quantitative differences are insignificant when training this architecture using different color spaces, while there exist clear qualitative differences depending on the choice of color space. Finally, we found that a CNN trained from daytime examples generalizes well on tests from night time.
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Guan, Lei. "Face Recognition with visible and thermal IR images." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/96119.
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Electrical EngineeringM.S.E.
This thesis describes how the fusion of visible and thermal infrared (IR) images can be used to improve the performance of face recognition techniques, especially when illumination variations and occlusions are involved. Visible images are sensitive to illumination variations, while thermal IR images are robust to them. However, thermal IR images are degraded by occlusions caused from eyeglasses, but visible images can provide detailed information around the eyes even when eyeglasses are present. Fusion techniques, which combine complementary information from both spectrums, generate information that is robust to both illumination variations and occlusions. Before two images are fused, they must be registered. In this thesis, edge-based mutual information is used to register both visible and thermal IR images taken under different conditions. Following that, eyeglasses (if present) are removed from the thermal IR image, and replaced by eyes that are reconstructed from the visible image. Then, data-level, feature-level, and score-level fusion techniques are applied to the visible and thermal IR images for face recognition. Experimental results using the NIST/Equinox database showed that the fusion of visible and thermal IR images increased the number of first matches by 22% over visible images, and 8% over thermal IR images. Unfortunately, thermal IR sensors may be cost-prohibitive for many applications. In consideration of this, this thesis explores ways to predict a novelty component from the visible image. A novelty component is a thermal-like image that can be obtained from information in the visible image. It is later fused with the visible image for face recognition. Experimental results based upon four face recognition algorithms showed that the fusion of visible images and their novelty components increased the number of first matches over visible images by 21% (using the NIST/Equinox database) and 17% (using the Extended Yale Face Database B).
Temple University--Theses
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Stangalini, Marco, Fernando Pedichini, Enrico Pinna, Julian Christou, John Hill, Alfio Puglisi, Vanessa Bailey, et al. "Speckle statistics in adaptive optics images at visible wavelengths." SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625223.
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Residual speckles in adaptive optics (AO) images represent a well-known limitation on the achievement of the contrast needed for faint source detection. Speckles in AO imagery can be the result of either residual atmospheric aberrations, not corrected by the AO, or slowly evolving aberrations induced by the optical system. We take advantage of the high temporal cadence (1 ms) of the data acquired by the System for Coronagraphy with High-order Adaptive Optics from R to K bands-VIS forerunner experiment at the Large Binocular Telescope to characterize the AO residual speckles at visible wavelengths. An accurate knowledge of the speckle pattern and its dynamics is of paramount importance for the application of methods aimed at their mitigation. By means of both an automatic identification software and information theory, we study the main statistical properties of AO residuals and their dynamics. We therefore provide a speckle characterization that can be incorporated into numerical simulations to increase their realism and to optimize the performances of both real-time and postprocessing techniques aimed at the reduction of the speckle noise. (C) 2017 Society of PhotoOptical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).
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Goodhew, Julie. "Making heat visible : improving household heat efficiency through thermal images." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1956.
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Energy is largely invisible to users. It has been argued that employing technologies to visualise energy will assist people in conserving energy. Energy visibility interventions have largely focussed on appliance use and electricity consumption. This thesis aims to firstly explore whether making heat visible, using thermal images, promotes heat (and thereby energy) conservation. Secondly using a multiple method approach, it explores how. Five studies were employed. Study One and Three investigated whether using thermal images as a tailored antecedent intervention would promote energy conservation behaviours. The results confirmed that the images led to a reduction in Kg CO2 emissions attributed to domestic energy use. Study One and Three indicated that householders undertook more energy saving behaviours in relation to those aspects that were visible in the images. These actions were attributed to simple, energy saving behaviours such as proofing draughts. Study Two investigated how people make sense of the images and how behaviours are promoted by the images. Study two suggested that the images provide a unique medium through which factors which contribute to energy saving can be combined and reasoned by the viewer. It suggests the psychological factors in a pathway from prompt to behaviour. Study Four established that showing the images in an information presentation was not as effective when influencing participants’ ideas about energy conservation. Finally, Study Five explored participants gaze and demonstrated how features of the images, can attract the viewer. The novel contribution of this thesis is in establishing that ‘making heat visible’ through a tailored thermal imaging prompt can increase the likelihood of a householder taking simple energy saving actions, by providing a novel medium through which householders attend to heat and energy use.
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Serrano, Inês Domingues. "Arquitectura e cinema." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21076.
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Dissertação de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Cultura Arquitectónica Contemporânea e Construção da Sociedade Moderna, apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade Técnica de LisboaNeste trabalho procurou—se construir um espaço entre duas disciplinas: a arquitectura e o cinema. Revelando uma cumplicidade inesperada, o cinema submerge nos ritmos da cidade, tornando—os visíveis. Ä cidade como cenário mutável, de estratos cumulativos de memórias e vestígios materiais dos gestos, dos tempos que a vão construindo. O cinema descobre esse território de utopias e apropria—se dos seus desejos materializando—os no suporte fugaz das imagens, do falso movimento que projecta a realidade num devir. Através da análise de filmografia, estabeleceram—se paralelismos com a cidade Moderna; assumindo uma relação simbiótica com as dinâmicas da cidade, o olho da câmara é comovido pelo impacto dessa realidade, restituindo, num espaço ilusório, a sua ordem invisível. Um espaço urbano que flutua por um mundo de imagens imateriais, espaço fictício e tecnificado. Habitamos num cenário fixo embora procuremos um espaço fugaz, em trânsito. A arquitectura vive aprisionada entre a imagem e a sua materialidade, entre a ilusão e a realidade. Entre a ideia e o "desejo de ser da forma". É nesse espaço heterotópico entre o sonho e a realidade que o cinema opera construindo num espaço verossímil a cidade impossível.
ABSTRACT: With this work we intend to make a link between two disciplines: architecture and cinema. Revealing an unexpected complicity, cinema sinks into the city rhythms, making them visible. The city as a mutable organism of superimposed memory s tracts, material traces of gestures, comprising the time which gave form to it. Cinema finds that land of utopias, sharing and appropriating its desires, material rising them on his own fugacious image support, of the false raccord that projects actual reality into a possible future. Trough analysis of filmography, establishing a parallel between cinema and Modern city, this work assumes the existence of a symbiotic relationship linking the city dynamics and the camera eye impressed by reality, bringing back, on an illusory space, its hidden order. An urban space that float over a world of immaterial images, technified and fictitious. We live on a settle scenery although we search a fugacious one, in transit. Architecture lives imprisoned between image and its own materiality. Between reality and illusion. Between the idea and the "desire to be" of form. In a heterotopic space, between dream and reality, the cinema builds in a likely space the impossible city.
N/A
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LEONARDI, MARCO. "Image Collection Management using Convolutional Neural Networks." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/365014.
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Al giorno d’oggi ormai quasi chiunque possiede uno smartphone dotato di una telecamera ad alta risoluzione. Negli ultimi decenni, i contenuti multimediali (immagini e video) stanno sempre più spesso diventando il principale mezzo di comunicazione.
Dato il continuo calo dei prezzi dei dispositivi di archiviazione, il numero totale di immagini salvate sta aumentando notevolmente, andando così a creare collezioni di immagini sempre più grandi, a tal punto da essere una problema per chi vuole le vuole esplorare.
Data una libreria di immagini, il processo di selezione di un gruppo di foto che rappresenti al meglio le informazioni contenute in essa è condizionato dalle proprietà percettive delle immagini.
Al fine di gestire in modo automatico questa selezione, in letteratura sono stati proposti diversi metodi che sfruttano le proprietà percettive delle immagini. Questi metodi hanno come scopo quello di associare alle immagini un valore numerico che ne rappresenta la presenza o meno di queste proprietà, come ad esempio la qualità, l'estetica o la memorabilità, per poi sfruttarle per selezionare le immagini migliori.
La presente tesi comincia trattando quelle che sono le proprietà delle immagini fondamentali al processo di selezione delle immagini, rispettivamente la qualità e l’estetica delle immagini.
Per prima cosa viene studiata la qualità delle immagini mediante un processo di rilevamento delle anomalie. Questo perché dal punto di vista di un sistema automatico di selezione delle immagini, è più indicato un metodo che sia in grado di distinguere le immagini belle da quelle brutte, piuttosto che un metodo che predica un valore ben correlato con la qualità delle immagini.
Successivamente l’attenzione viene spostata sul problema della valutazione automatica dell’estetica delle immagini. In particolare viene prima proposto un metodo in grado di stimare il grado di bellezza di un'immagine a partire dalla predizione di attributi correlati all’estetica. Successivamente introducendo un metodo per la valutazione automatica dell’estetica fondato su molteplici aspetti delle immagini quali il contenuto semantico, lo stile artistico e lo stile di composizione.
Uno dei tanti motivi per cui si scatta una foto è quello di poter essere poi in grado di rivivere il momento impresso semplicemente riguardando la foto. Le immagini possono essere pertanto viste come un collegamento concreto tra i propri ricordi e gli eventi passati. La memorabilità delle immagini è pertanto una proprietà fondamentale nell’organizzazione delle immagini. Essere in grado di riconoscere queste immagini memorabili, significa poter favorire la loro selezione. Per questo motivo nella suddetta tesi viene presentato un metodo capace di stimare la memorabilità delle immagini. In particolare la soluzione proposta va nella direzione di predire la memorabilità delle immagini scomponendo le proprietà intrinseche delle immagini che influenzano la memorabilità.
Per finire, considerando che le collezioni di immagini tendono spesso ad avere molteplici foto simili tra loro. Al fine di garantire una selezione di immagini il più diversa e rappresentativa possibile, viene proposto un metodo flessibile ed innovativo per riassumere automaticamente le collezioni di immagini. A tal proposito, il metodo introdotto è stato progettato considerando diversi aspetti delle immagini tra cui la categoria della scena, la qualità e l'estetica.Almost everyone carries a high-quality camera in their smartphone and uses it to communicate with other individuals and for the last two decades, people are increasingly making use of images and videos in their transportable communication. As the prices of the storage are decreasing, the number of photos stored is increasing, leading to collections of images whose sizes begin to be a barrier for relieving the captured moments and exploring them. We are submerged by images. In order to ease the problem of oversized image collections, methods that aim to select a subset of photos that best represents them have been designed and proposed in the literature. Those methods typically rely upon the prediction of perceptual features such as, for example, the image quality, aesthetics, and memorability, to select the best images. This thesis starts from the fundamental image properties that guide the image selection, respectively the image quality and image aesthetics. First, the perceived image quality assessment is investigated in an anomaly detection manner, contrary to the most common regression task. This is because rather than predict a score that best correlates to the average human opinion, being able to distinguish good quality images from bad ones, is more suitable for the image collection management problem, furthermore, it requires fewer images to tune the model. Then the problem of automatic assessment of image aesthetics is introduced. In the beginning, presenting a method that learns the aesthetics of a picture on the basis of the prediction of aesthetics-related attributes. Then, a new solution that takes into account the semantic content, the artistic style, and the composition of the image is presented. One of the reasons people take photos is to capture important situations to recall them later on, usually with the intention of afterwards sharing their photos with other people like friends or family members. Photos can be seen as a concrete link between our memories and experienced events. Image memorability can be helpful in the organization of the selected images to better bind the memory of experienced events and the taken images. To this end in this thesis, a method for the estimation of still image memorability is presented. In particular, the proposed method goes in the direction of breaking down the intrinsic image properties that influence the memorability of the pictures. Image collections tend to have several similar images. This is because to ensure the best shot, people usually take a series of photos of the same scene. To guarantee a diverse and representative selection of images from a large collection, this thesis concludes by proposing a flexible and innovative framework that can be used to both explore large-scale image datasets and to summarize photo albums. The proposed method is designed to exploit different aspects of the images, such as the scene category, image quality, and image aesthetics.
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Bouchech, Hamdi. "Selection of optimal narrowband multispectral images for face recognition." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS030/document.
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Les performances des systèmes de reconnaissance des visages en utilisant des images RGB baissent rapidement quand ils sont appliqués dans des conditions d’illumination extrêmes. L’utilisation des images multispectrales représente une alternative prometteuse pour résoudre ce problème. Dans cette thèse on s’intéresse à l’utilisation des images multispectrales visibles pour la reconnaissance des visages humains. Les images multispectrales visibles sont des images capturées à des longueurs d’ondes différentes du spectre visible (band spectral) qui s’étend de 480nm à 720nm. Ces images représentent des caractéristiques qui favorisent la reconnaissance des visages humains dans des conditions particulières comme la présence d’excès d’illumination incidente sur le visage photographié. Notre travail consiste à exploiter ces caractéristiques sur des stages différentes: optimiser le choix du nombre de bandes spectrales à utiliser, optimiser les longueurs d’ondes choisies, optimiser les techniques de fusion des informations extraites à partir des différentes bandes spectrales pour avoir plus d’informations utiles et moins d’informations bruits. Plusieurs nouvelles approches ont été proposées dans le cadre de ce travail avec des résultats encourageants en termes de performances. Ces approches ont exploité plusieurs outils mathématiques pour resoudre les différents problèmes rencontrés, en particulier la formulation de la sélection des bandes spectrales optimales sous formes de problèmes d’optimisation où nous avons utilisé le « basis pursuit algorithm » pour déterminer un vecteur de poids sparse pour représenter l’importance des différentes bandes. Dans d’autres problèmes d’optimisation, nous avons attribué à chaque bande un classifieur faible, puis combiné les classifieurs faibles avec dif- férents poids associés selon l’importance. La méthode Adaboost a été utilisée pour trouver la combinaison optimale. D’autres techniques ont introduites d’une manière originale la dé- composition multilinéaire des images de visage pour formuler une sorte de base de données caractérisant les bandes spectrales. Cette base de données a été utilisée avec les nouvelles images, ou image test, pour déterminer les bandes les plus robustes contre une variation importante d’illumination. Le travail présenté dans le cadre de cette thèse est une petite contribution à la reconnaissance des visages en utilisant des images multispectrales, qui est une approche d’actualité, mais qui nécessite encore plus de développement afin de maximiser ses performancesFace recognition systems based on ’conventional’ images have reached a significant level of maturity with some practical successes. However, their performance may degrade under poor and/or changing illumination. Multispectral imagery represents a viable alternative to conventional imaging in the search for a robust and practical identification system. Multi- spectral imaging (MI) can be defined as a ’collection of several monochrome images of the same scene, each of them taken with additional receptors sensitive to other frequencies of the visible light or to frequencies beyond the visible light like the infrared region of electro- magnetic continuum. Each image is referred to as a band or a channel. However, one weakness of MI is that they may significantly increase the system processing time because of the huge quantity of data to be mined; in some cases, hundreds of MI are taken for each subject. In this thesis, we propose to solve this problem by developing new approaches to select the set of best visible spectral bands for face matching. For this purpose, the problem of best spectral bands selection is formulated as an optimization problem where spectral bands are constrained to maximize the recognition accuracy under challenging imaging conditions. We reduce the redundancy of both spectral and spatial information without losing valuable details needed for the object recognition, discrimination and classification. We have investigated several mathematic and optimization tools widely used in the field of image processing. One of the approaches we have proposed formulated the problem of best spectral bands selection as a pursuit problem where weights of importance were affected to each spectral band and the vector of all weights was constrained to be sparse with most of its elements are zeros. In another work, we have assigned to each spectral band a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based weak classifier. Then, all weak classifiers were boosted together using an Adaboost process. From this later, each weak classifier obtained a weight that characterizes its importance and hence the quality of the corresponding spectral band. Several other techniques were also used for best spectral bands selection including but not limited to mixture of Gaussian based modeling, multilinear sparse decomposition, image quality factors, local descriptors like SURF and HGPP, likelihood ratio and so on. These different techniques enabled to build systems for best spectral bands selection that are either static with the same bands are selected for all the subjects or dynamic with each new subject get its own set of best bands. This latter category, dynamic systems, is an original component of our work that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been proposed before; all existing systems are only static. Finally, the proposed algorithms were compared to state-of-the-art algorithms developed for face recognition purposes in general and specifically for best spectral bands selection