Academic literature on the topic 'VisCAP Model of presenter selection'
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Journal articles on the topic "VisCAP Model of presenter selection"
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Bustomi, Ahmad. "PERAN KURIKULUM PENGKADERAN IMM UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER MAHASISWA." Jurnal Dimensi Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran 7, no. 2 (November 8, 2019): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/dpp.v7i2.1799.
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The background of this research is the existency of extra campus organizations which have an ideology contradicting with Pancasila as the Nation Ideology and its democracy system which according to researcher it strongly threatens the integrity of NKRI. On the other side, there are many news in various media which issues the confusions between Islamic Mission becoming the spirit of Islamic students organizations and the practice of some cadres in field such as fighting among islamic students and destroying campus or public fasilities. The recruitment curriculum of cadre is very important thing to be analyzed more deeply considering from where it will be seen the direction of this students’ movement working, the background and spirit of organizations. Therefore, the researcher focuses on something important to be analyzed especially related to the role of islamic student organization of extra campus on the forming of students’ character of IMM cadre in UIN Sunan Kalijaga. The selection of organization around UIN Sunan Kalijaga is chosen because of the location in Yogyakarta, in which mostly becomes a place for the establishment of student organizations and UIN Sunan Kalijaga itself has a massive organization climate.This research aims to describe the role of islamic student organization of extra campus in the forming of student characters by using a qualitative approach with the subject of research (informant) consisting of Abdul Karim and Khairunnisa. The metodes of data collection used are interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis uses Milles Huberman model with data reduction technique, data presentation, and conclusion.The results of research show that: Firstly, The implementation of cadre curriculum IMM is as the method which has Guide in DAD called insructor amounted three people whose duty give introduction before presenter, guides the course of the class, companion fgd/fanel, looking for speakers until accountable for up to six months after the rescheduling charged by committe. The method of study which consists of lecturing, question and answer, fgd/sgd, panel, group dinamics and debate. Second, the role of curriculum shows 7 characters religious, tolerance, discipline, appreciate achievement, friendly/communicative, social care and responsible.
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Lagerspetz, Mikko. "Lay Perceptions of Two Modern Artworks." Art and Perception 4, no. 1-2 (December 8, 2016): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134913-00002047.
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The paper is based on 82 open-ended interviews conducted by as many students during 2006–2013. The respondents were presented with pictures of two artworks, The Persistence of Memory (1931) by Salvador Dalí and Which Link Fails First? (1992) by Teemu Mäki, a Finnish contemporary artist. They were asked to comment and compare the two pictures and tell which one they liked better. The respondents’ spontaneous comments show different aspects of how an artwork is perceived and evaluated. The interviews were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. As the result of in vivo coding, 40 variables were created for use in a content analysis. The respondents focused on different things when evaluating the two artworks. When commenting Dalí’s painting, they paid attention on its affective and sensory characteristics, while Mäki’s work was discussed primarily in terms of its message and perceived lack of professional quality. In parallel, a selection of interviews was analysed in order to reveal the temporal sequence of discussing and evaluating different aspects of the paintings. The analysis showed three ways of discussing, which were called naïve, scholarly, and deliberative. The temporally structured model of aesthetic appreciation and judgement suggested in 2004 by Leder and his co-workers was used as a heuristic device for an analysis of the shifts of attention that take place when a discourse is created and anchored in perception. Both cognitive psychology and phenomenological sociology emphasize the dependence of perception on context and intention; there is reason to take that theoretical starting point seriously.
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Torres Núñez del Prado, Paola. "AIELSON: A neural spoken-word poetry generator with a distinct South American voice." Journal of Interdisciplinary Voice Studies 7, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 11–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jivs_00052_1.
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Human‐computer interaction will soon be framed as a dialogue in-between two agents, rather than the imposition of the needs and desires of the human entity over the inert machine. As the latter become seemingly more intelligent, we will witness how they reshape art, knowledge and society in general even more in the not-so-distant future. In this framework, decolonization of their algorithms becomes imperative so as not to reproduce the ethnic and cultural biases that prevail in contemporary human society. By using a pre-trained transformer-based language model (GPT-2) (Radford et al. 2019a), retrained with poetry in Spanish, fine-tuned on examples of South American poetry recited by two different text-to-speech synthesis systems ‐ the Tacotron 2 (Radford et al. 2019b) + Waveglow (Prenger et al. 2018) ‐ coupled posteriorly using the ESPnet-TTS toolkit (Hayashi et al. 2020), trained on an Argentinean voice dataset fine-tuned on voice snippets of Peruvian poet Jorge Eduardo Eielson, I came up with a selection of spoken-word poems in a distinctly Latin American voice that ended up presented as the El Tiempo del Hombre (‘The Time of Man’) album, printed on a set of four 7-inch lathe-cut stereo vinyl discs. This process turns into a self-reflecting gesture when the dataset used for training is based on South American Artistic Traditions of both the present and the past.
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Milijic, Sasa, Igor Maric, and Olgica Bakic. "Approach to identification and development of mountain tourism regions and destinations in Serbia with special reference to the Stara Planina mountain." Spatium, no. 22 (2010): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1022019m.
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This paper deals with theoretical-methodological issues of tourism offer planning and regulation of settlements in mountain destinations. The basic determinants of the development of mountain tourist regions destinations in EU countries, in which respectable development results have been achieved, first of all in terms of income, together with appropriately adjusted development and environmental management system, have been emphasized. The ongoing transition and structural processes in Serbia will have an impact on application of these experiences. At the same time, a basis for competitiveness of mountain regions will not be determined only by spatial capacity and geological location, but also by creative-innovative developing environment. Taking into account the spatial-functional criteria and criteria for the development and protection, the possible spatial definition of mountain tourist regions/destinations in Serbia are presented. The justifiability and positioning of tourism development projects are analyzed aiming at uniform regional development, where two segments of demand are of particularly importance, i.e. demand for mountain tourism services and for real estates in mountain centers. Furthermore, holders of tourism offer will be analyzed through a contemporary approach which may be defined as the development and noncommercial and market and commercial one. International criteria which are evaluated while selecting city/mountain destination for Winter Olympic Games are particularly analyzed. Considering experience of countries with higher level of development of mountain regions, the main starting point for positioning projects for sustainable development of tourist destinations are defined by specifying them according to specific local and regional conditions. A rational model for spatial organization of tourism offer is shown on the example of the Stara Planina tourist region.
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Simons, G., J. Veldwijk, R. Disantostefano, M. Englbrecht, C. Radawski, L. Valor, J. Humphreys, I. N. Bruce, K. Raza, and M. Falahee. "OP0276 PREFERENCES FOR TREATMENTS TO PREVENT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: DISCRETE CHOICE SURVEY OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS’ FIRST-DEGREE RELATIVES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM AND GERMANY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1579.
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BackgroundThere is a growing research focus on the development of interventions to reduce risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in at-risk individuals.(1) A recent survey of the general population asked to assume a 60% risk of RA established that hypothetical preventive treatments were acceptable to most participants.(2) However the preferences of individuals who actually have an elevated risk of RA, such as first-degree relatives (FDRs) of RA patients, are not well understood.ObjectivesTo quantify FDRs’ preferences for preventive treatments for RA.MethodsAdult FDRs in the UK and Germany were invited to take part in a web-based survey via patients with clinician-confirmed RA either during a rheumatology clinic visit or by mail. In addition, FDRs taking part in a UK-based prospective cohort (PREVeNT-RA) were invited via email. Participants received information about RA followed by questions to check comprehension, and an introduction to the survey including warm-up questions. They were asked to imagine they were experiencing arthralgia and had positive autoantibody tests indicating a 60% chance of developing RA in the next two years. Using a discrete choice experiment, participants were offered a series of 15 choices between no treatment and two unlabeled hypothetical treatments to reduce risk of RA. Treatments were defined by six attributes with varying levels, describing benefits, risks, and frequency/route of administration (Table 1). Attribute selection and presentation was informed by qualitative research, ranking surveys, systematic literature review, and expert opinion. Survey layout was informed by patient research partners and qualitative pre-testing. A two-class latent class analysis was used to estimate preferences and calculate relative importance of treatment attributes and predicted uptake. A panel mixed logit model was used to obtain maximum acceptable risk estimates.Table 1.Treatment attributes and levelsAttributeLevelsChance of developing RA reduced from 60% to10%; 20%; 30%; 40%How the treatment is takenA shallow injection under the skinA drip into the veinOne or two tabletsHow often the medication has to be takenDailyWeeklyMonthlyEvery 6 monthsChance of mild side effects2%; 5%; 10%Chance of a serious infection due to treatment0%; 1%; 5%Chance of a serious side effect that is potentially irreversible1 in 100,000 people20 in 100,000 people100 in 100,000 peopleResults356 FDRs (252 female, 289 in the UK) responded. While treatment effectiveness was the most important attribute in both classes (Figure 1), the importance of other attributes differed between classes, with method and frequency of treatment administration being more important in class 2 and risk of mild side effects only impacting treatment choice in class 1. Perceived risk of developing RA predicted class assignment; those with higher perceived risk were more likely to belong to class 1. On average, the predicted uptake of treatment profiles estimating prevention candidates: abatacept; atorvastatin; hydroxychloroquine; tolerogenic cell-based therapy; and no treatment would be 50%, 15%, 9%, 18% and 0%, respectively. Finally, the maximum acceptable risk participants were willing to accept were 81%, 25% and 3% point increases in risk of mild side effects, serious infection, and serious side effects, respectively, for medicines that would reduce their risk of developing RA in the upcoming two years from 60% to 20%.ConclusionEffective preventive treatments for RA were acceptable to FDRs asked to assume a 60% chance of developing RA. Mode and frequency of treatment administration had a greater impact on treatment choices for participants with a lower perceived risk of RA. These findings are informative for target product profile development, endpoint selection, benefit-risk assessment, regulatory approval, and development of informational resources for those at risk of RA.References[1]Mankia et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(10):1286-98.[2]Simons et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80:96-7.AcknowledgementsOn behalf of the PREFER project. PREFER received funding from the IMI 2 Joint Undertaking (grant No. 115966), which receives support from the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). This abstract and its contents reflect the view of the presenter and not the view of PREFER, IMI, the European Union or EFPIA. K. Raza is supported by the NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre.Disclosure of InterestsGwenda Simons: None declared, Jorien Veldwijk: None declared, Rachael DiSantostefano Shareholder of: Johnson & Johnson, Employee of: Janssen Research and Development, Matthias Englbrecht Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Munidpharma, Paid instructor for: Abbvie, Chugai, Roche, Consultant of: Abbvie, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Grant/research support from: Roche, Chugai, Christine Radawski Shareholder of: Eli Lilly & Company, Employee of: Eli Lilly & Company, Larissa Valor: None declared, Jenny Humphreys: None declared, Ian N. Bruce: None declared, Karim Raza Consultant of: Abbvie, Sanofi, Grant/research support from: Bristol Myers Squibb, Marie Falahee: None declared
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Ozoliņš, Jānis. "Naratoloģijas kā disciplīnas raksturojums." Letonica, no. 35 (2017): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35539/ltnc.2017.0035.j.o.68.81.
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The article examines the development of narratology from its inception to the latest trends, showing the crisis of discipline and the prospects for the future progress. Within structuralism and semiotics ‘narrative’ was one of the study fields uncovering ‘deep structure’. The quest for universal categories determined the ambition of structural narratology as a discipline, with the help of the description reducing narrative structure to the combination of formal elements. In the article Introduction à l’analyse structurale des récits by Roland Barthes that was published in the journal Communications 8 in 1966, the understanding of the narrative did not confine to literary narratives alone, but it became an object of research for structural narratology. Comprehension of the structure of text within narratology was influenced by the binary model of the sign offered by Ferdinand de Saussure, as well as latest discoveries in linguistics that were discussed and incorporated in the literary theory during the 1950s and 1960s. Morphology of the Folktale by Vladimir Propp is one of the milestones in the context of classical narratology, analysing the narrative as a grammatical system. Selecting 100 Russian folktales as a research object, Propp described their general structure and regularities, demonstrating the limited number of elements that were used, and offered the classification after morphological parameters. French structuralists later on hastily applied these features to the analysis of literary narrative, but it should be noted that the universal model of plot proposed by Propp illustrates primitive narratives where reiteration has a functional dimension by transmitting texts. Although primitive narratives follow a certain scheme, the basic units of the narrative demonstrate universal phenomenon. It was soon realized by the structuralists. Mutual emulation created a series of theoretical constructions seeking for the smallest narrative unit, most comprehensive explanation of the concept of narrative, venturously offering an arsenal with new concepts in order to make the description process more accurate. Gérard Genette replaced the binary opposition of story/fable that was adopted from formalists with the three-part model, thus offering new perspectives on the temporality and the point of view in the analysis of literary text. Decentralized approach to knowledge of Post-Structuralism, as well as interest in ideologies, marginalized and the other, contributed to the crisis of formal approach in narratology. A new challenge was also presented by more complicated types of literary narratives—often atopic, atemporal, fragmented. Particular importance in the crisis of structural narratology was the idea of “grand narratives”—a term introduced by the French philosopher Jean-François Lyotard in his significant book La condition postmodern: rapport sur le savoir (1979). Although Lyotard’s study is dedicated to science, universal statements more widely influenced culture studies and the development of literary theory. In the context of narratology Lyotard contributed to a double ‘fracture’. First, the quest for narrative structure turned out to be not only intractable, but also abstract, because of the lack of the context. Second, “small narratives” came to the forefront, thus emphasizing the other and marginal, for instance, gender, race, social class, etc. This shift of interest from structure to context was termed by David Herman as the postclassical phase in narratology that initially sought to divest from the overwhelming heritage of structuralism, interacting more with gender and postcolonial studies as well as with the New Historicism and anthropological theories. In the coming decades the denial of structural heritage is softened. The expanded criticism that was carried out by post-structuralists contributed not only to a new theory influx in the narrative research, but also hybridisation. The change of focus marked rather radical rearrangement of interest in narratology, switching from the systemic view of literary functions to the analysis of context and cognitive poetics. Narratology nowadays is not evading from the epistemic polimodality of the text that rejects the categories of neutral and universal. On the contrary, the various theoretical ramifications demonstrate avoidance of creating generalized concepts and new supertheories.
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Lestari, Sri. "PENGEMBANGAN VIDEO TUTORIAL UNTUK PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU PAUD." Jurnal Teknodik, March 9, 2015, 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32550/teknodik.v0i0.137.
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Abstrak:Tujuan pengembangan video tutorial peningkatan kompetensi guru PAUD ini adalah memberikan masukan bagi para guru PAUD tentang cara menentukan tema dan sub tema untuk materi pembelajaran yang akan dikembangkan berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip pemilihan tema. Seorang guru menentukan tema dan sub tema kegiatan berdasarkan prinsip pemilihan tema yaitu: kedekatan tema dengan kehidupan anak, kesederhanaan tema, kemenarikan dan kemungkinan pertanyaan peserta didik yang tidak sesuai dengan tema yang dibahas. Program ini diawali dengan seorang presenter membuka program sekaligus mengingatkan kembali kepada rekan-rekan guru tentang prinsip pemilihan tema. Dengan format naratif (presenter dan visualisasi) diharapkan program ini bermanfaat untuk peningkatan kompetensi guru PAUD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan, yaitu mengembangkan video tutorial peningkatan kompetensi guru PAUD berdasarkan model Dick dan Carey. Video tutorial peningkatan kompetensi guru PAUD secara umum dinilai bermanfaat untuk membantu guru PAUD untuk menentukan tema dan sub tema. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba, ahli materi, ahli media, dan sasaran guru PAUD menyatakan secara umum bahan bahwa video tutorial peningkatan kompetensi guru PAUD yang sedang dikembangkan layak digunakan.Kata kunci: video tutorial, peningkatan kompetensi, guru PAUD. Abstract:The purpose of this article is to advise the early childhood teachers on how to determine theme and sub-theme for learning materials based on the principles of theme selection. A teacher determines the theme and sub-theme activities based on the principles of theme selection, namely: the possibility of questions asked by students which might not suitable with the themes currently discussed. The program begins with a presenter opening a program as well as advising teachers on the principles theme selection. With a narrative format (presenter and vvisualization), this program is expected to improve early childhood teachers’ competence. The type of research is development research that is developing a video tutorial to improve early childhood teacher’s competence based on Dick and Carey model. In general, the video tutorial is considered beneficial to help early childhood teachers to improve their competence. Overall, based on the results in the trial phase, subject matter expert, media experts, and targeted respondents of early childhood teachers stating that the video tutorials being developed as feasible to utilize.Keyword: video tutorials, improving competence, early childhood teachers.
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Smits, Thomas, and Melvin Wevers. "The agency of computer vision models as optical instruments." Visual Communication, March 19, 2021, 147035722199209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470357221992097.
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Industry and governments have deployed computer vision models to make high-stake decisions in society. While they are often presented as neutral and objective, scholars have recognized that bias in these models might lead to the reproduction of racial, social, cultural and economic inequity. A growing body of work situates the provenance of bias in the collection and annotation of datasets that are needed to train computer vision models. This article moves from studying bias in computer vision models to the agency that is commonly attributed to them: the fact that they are universally seen as being able to make biased decisions. Building on the work of Bruno Latour and Jonathan Crary, the authors discuss computer vision models as agential optical instruments in the production of contemporary visuality. They analyse five interconnected research steps – task selection, category selection, data collection, data labelling and evaluation – of six widely cited benchmark datasets, published during a critical stage in the development of the field (2004–2020): Caltech 101, Caltech 256, PASCAL VOC, ImageNet, MS COCO and Google Open Images. They found that, despite all sorts of justifications, the selection of categories is not based on any general notion of visuality, but depends heavily upon perceived practical applications, the availability of downloadable images and, in conjunction with data collection, favours categories that can be unambiguously described by text. Second, the reliance on Flickr for data collection introduces a temporal bias in computer vision datasets. Third, by comparing aggregate accuracy rates and ‘human’ performance, the dataset papers introduce a false dichotomy between the agency of computer vision models and human observers. In general, the authors argue that the agency of datasets is produced by obscuring the power and subjective choices of its creators and the countless hours of highly disciplined labour of crowd workers.
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Singh, Harshika, Gaetano Cascini, and Christopher McComb. "Idea selection in design teams: a computational framework and insights in the presence of influencers." Design Science 8 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2022.17.
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Abstract Idea selection is crucial in design as it impacts the outcome of a project. A collaborative design activity could be considered as a social process where the interactions and individual states (such as the importance in the team and self-efficacy level) could affect decision-making. It is often seen in design teams that some individuals, referred to as ‘influencers’ in the article have more capacity to influence than others, hence they govern the team process for better or worse. Due to the limited work done in the past to study the effect of these influencers on design outcomes, the work aims at increasing the understanding by presenting some insights from its agent-based simulation. The simulation results show how different influencer team compositions affect design outcomes in terms of quality and exploration of the solutions. The idea selection starts with the agents who are ready with their solution in their ‘mind’. The work presented in this article describes a framework for simulating decision-making during idea selection by considering the influencer and majority effect. The empirical study presented in the article verifies the model logic, that is, the presence of influencer and the majority during idea selection and supports the assumption that individuals’ agreement on solutions proposed by other team members depends on the degree of influence and past agreement. The results of the simulation show that teams with well-defined influencers produced solutions with higher variety and had more uniform contributions from team members, but also produced solutions of lower quality.
Books on the topic "VisCAP Model of presenter selection"
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Hilton, Denis. Social Attribution and Explanation. Edited by Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.33.
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Attribution processes appear to be an integral part of human visual perception, as low-level inferences of causality and intentionality appear to be automatic and are supported by specific brain systems. However, higher-order attribution processes use information held in memory or made present at the time of judgment. While attribution processes about social objects are sometimes biased, there is scope for partial correction. This chapter reviews work on the generation, communication, and interpretation of complex explanations, with reference to explanation-based models of text understanding that result in situation models of narratives. It distinguishes between causal connection and causal selection, and suggests that a factor will be discounted if it is not perceived to be connected to the event and backgrounded if it is perceived to be causally connected to that event, but is not selected as relevant to an explanation. The final section focuses on how interpersonal explanation processes constrain causal selection.
Book chapters on the topic "VisCAP Model of presenter selection"
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García, Juan F., Francisco J. Rodríguez, and Vicente Matellán. "Selective Review of Visual Attention Models." In Robotic Vision, 372–405. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2672-0.ch020.
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The purpose of this chapter is both to review some of the most representative visual attention models, both theoretical and practical, that have been proposed to date, and to introduce the authors’ attention model, which has been successfully used as part of the control system of a robotic platform. The chapter has three sections: in the first section, an introduction to visual attention is given. In the second section, relevant state of art in visual attention is reviewed. This review is organised in three areas: psychological based models, connectionist models, and features-based models. In the last section, the authors’ attention model is presented.
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Bobkowska, Anna E. "Integrating Quality Criteria and Methods of Evaluation for Software Models." In Model-Driven Software Development, 78–94. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-006-6.ch004.
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Successful realization of the model-driven software development visions in practice requires high quality models. This chapter focuses on the quality of models themselves. It discusses context-free and context- dependent quality criteria for models and then moves on to methods of evaluation which facilitate checking whether a model is good enough. We use linguistic theories to understand groups of criteria and their impact on other models, software product and the process of software development. We propose a strict distinction of the impacts of visual modeling languages, models of the system and tools for quality criteria. This distinction is helpful when designing the methods of evaluation and making decision about the point in time, scope and personnel responsible for quality assessment. As the quality criteria and several methods of evaluation has usually been considered separately we propose a methodology which integrates them. Such an integrated approach provides the following benefits. It allows for designing methods of evaluation based on quality criteria and elements of the model (or modeling language) in the context of specific needs. It can be applied for management of the scope of evaluation with quality criteria as well as configuration of the method to a specific situation. It allows for flexible and efficient conduct of the evaluation with selection of the methods of evaluation. Finally, this chapter presents case studies which illustrate the approach.
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Nouri, Anass, Christophe Charrier, and Olivier Lezoray. "Visual Saliency and Perceptual Quality Assessment of 3D Meshes." In Advances in Multimedia and Interactive Technologies, 38–115. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5246-8.ch003.
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This chapter concerns the visual saliency and the perceptual quality assessment of 3D meshes. Firstly, the chapter proposes a definition of visual saliency and describes the state-of-the-art methods for its detection on 3D mesh surfaces. A focus is made on a recent model of visual saliency detection for 3D colored and non-colored meshes whose results are compared with a ground-truth saliency as well as with the literature's methods. Since this model is able to estimate the visual saliency on 3D colored meshes, named colorimetric saliency, a description of the construction of a 3D colored mesh database that was used to assess its relevance is presented. The authors also describe three applications of the detailed model that respond to the problems of viewpoint selection, adaptive simplification and adaptive smoothing. Secondly, two perceptual quality assessment metrics for 3D non-colored meshes are described, analyzed, and compared with the state-of-the-art approaches.
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Bobkowska, Anna E. "Integrating Quality Criteria and Methods of Evaluation for Software Models." In Software Applications, 2728–43. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-060-8.ch159.
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Successful realization of the model-driven software development visions in practice requires high quality models. This chapter focuses on the quality of models themselves. It discusses context-free and context-dependent quality criteria for models and then moves on to methods of evaluation which facilitate checking whether a model is good enough. We use linguistic theories to understand groups of criteria and their impact on other models, software product and the process of software development. We propose a strict distinction of the impacts of visual modeling languages, models of the system and tools for quality criteria. This distinction is helpful when designing the methods of evaluation and making decision about the point in time, scope and personnel responsible for quality assessment. As the quality criteria and several methods of evaluation has usually been considered separately we propose a methodology which integrates them. Such an integrated approach provides the following benefits. It allows for designing methods of evaluation based on quality criteria and elements of the model (or modeling language) in the context of specific needs. It can be applied for management of the scope of evaluation with quality criteria as well as configuration of the method to a specific situation. It allows for flexible and efficient conduct of the evaluation with selection of the methods of evaluation. Finally, this chapter presents case studies which illustrate the approach.
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Oberauer, Klaus. "Towards a Theory of Working Memory." In Working Memory, 116–49. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842286.003.0005.
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Working memory provides a medium for building and manipulating new representations that control our thoughts and actions. To fulfil this function, a working memory system needs to meet six requirements: (1) it must have a mechanism for rapidly forming temporary bindings to combine elements into new structures; (2) it needs a focus of attention for selectively accessing individual elements for processing; (3) it must hold both declarative representations of what is the case, and procedural representations of how to act on the current situation; (4) it needs a process for rapid updating, including rapid removal of outdated contents. Moreover, contents of working memory (5) need to be shielded from interference from long-term memory, while (6) working memory should be able to use information in long-term memory when it is useful. This chapter summarizes evidence in support of these mechanisms and processes. It presents three computational models that each implement some of these mechanisms, and explains different subsets of empirical findings about working memory: the SOB-CS model accounts for behaviour in tests of immediate serial recall, including complex-span tasks. The interference model explains data from a common test of visual working memory, the continuous-reproduction task. The set-selection model explains how people learn memory sets and task sets, how these sets are retrieved from long-term memory, and how these mechanisms enable switching between memory sets and task sets.
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Hunt, Marjorie. "The Poetics and Power of Presentation at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival." In Curatorial Conversations. University Press of Mississippi, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496805980.003.0011.
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In this chapter, the author draws upon three programs to describe the critical relationship between modes of presentation and interpretation of cultural heritage and traditional knowledge and skills at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival. It addresses the complex interplay of many factors and strategies for presenting the skills and experience of participants at the Festival. This includes, among other processes of research and planning, the selection of participants, overall site design, visual presentation and display, the physical set-up of tent interiors, the use of interpretive materials, such as signs, photo murals, banners, and props, and the role of presenters/moderators. The programs described include Masters of the Building Arts, Carriers of Culture: Living Native Basket Traditions, and One World, Many Voices: Endangered Languages and Cultural Heritage.
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Yamamoto, Claudio Haruo, Maria Cristina Ferreira de Oliveira, and Solange Oliveira Rezende. "Visualization to Assist the Generation and Exploration of Association Rules." In Post-Mining of Association Rules, 224–45. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-404-0.ch012.
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Miners face many challenges when dealing with association rule mining tasks, such as defining proper parameters for the algorithm, handling sets of rules so large that exploration becomes difficult and uncomfortable, and understanding complex rules containing many items. In order to tackle these problems, many researchers have been investigating visual representations and information visualization techniques to assist association rule mining. In this chapter, an overview is presented of the many approaches found in literature. First, the authors introduce a classification of the different approaches that rely on visual representations, based on the role played by the visualization technique in the exploration of rule sets. Current approaches typically focus on model viewing, that is visualizing rule content, namely antecedent and consequent in a rule, and/or different interest measure values associated to it. Nonetheless, other approaches do not restrict themselves to aiding exploration of the final rule set, but propose representations to assist miners along the rule extraction process. One such approach is a methodology the authors have been developing that supports visually assisted selective generation of association rules based on identifying clusters of similar itemsets. They introduce this methodology and a quantitative evaluation of it. Then, they present a case study in which it was employed to extract rules from a real and complex dataset. Finally, they identify some trends and issues for further developments in this area.
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Joseph, Amanda L., Helen Monkman, and Andre W. Kushniruk. "An Evaluation Guide and Decision Support Tool for Journey Maps in Healthcare and Beyond." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti220689.
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The journey map concept evolved out of the service design field and is still relatively new in the healthcare landscape [1]. Journey maps are visualizations that effectively highlight organizational issues and allow stakeholder groups to be depicted by interest or function for a comparative visual analysis [2]. There are five journey map approaches: 1) Mental (Cognitive) Model Map, 2) Customer Journey Map, 3) Experience Map, 4) Service Blueprint Map, 5) Spatial Map. The objective of this article is three-fold: 1) quantify and delineate the journey mapping visualization techniques utilized from the phase 1 scoping review [2], 2) create a Journey Map Evaluation Guide, 3) create a Journey Map Decision Support Tool to facilitate a standardized method for journey map selection. For those less familiar with journey mapping, this framework can serve as a decision-making tool to facilitate the most effective choice among the different journey mapping visualization approaches. The tools presented in this study can provide a mechanism to standardize the assessment, classification and utilization of journey maps in the healthcare sector and industries abound.
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Fayaz, Muzamil, Deepti Malhotra, and Naina Kala Dogra. "Development of an Intelligent Vitiligo Detection Classifier." In Artificial Intelligence and Communication Technologies, 235–43. Soft Computing Research Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/978-81-955020-5-9-25.
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Vitiligo, a widespread depigmenting skin condition is characterized by loss of melanocytes in a selective manner, resulting in nonscaly, chalky-white macules. Vitiligo is a common pigment-degrading skin disease, apparently marked by white patches on the skin and broadly classified into two categories: Segmental vitiligo and Non-segmental vitiligo. An extensive survey of AI-based diagnostic systems for segmental and nonsegmental vitiligo has also been presented. The dermatologist's experience and subjectivity in visual perception of depigmented skin lesions play a big role in Vitiligo diagnosis and its classification. So, there is a dearth need to implement machine learning approaches to improve diagnosis accuracy. Motivated by the fact, the intelligent convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based Vitiligo classification model IVC has been proposed in the research work to classify the Non-segmental vitiligo into its subtypes like Acrofacial, Focal, Generalized and Mucosal vitiligo. The dataset consisting of 507 vitiligo infected images has been collected and manually labelled to accomplish the whole research work.
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Farag, Waleed E. "Assessing Digital Video Data Similarity." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 83–89. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch012.
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Multimedia applications are rapidly spread at an everincreasing rate, introducing a number of challenging problems at the hands of the research community. The most significant and influential problem among them is the effective access to stored data. In spite of the popularity of keyword-based search technique in alphanumeric databases, it is inadequate for use with multimedia data due to their unstructured nature. On the other hand, a number of video content and contextbased access techniques have been developed (Deb, 2005). The basic idea of content-based retrieval is to access multimedia data by their contents, for example, using one of the visual content features. While context-based techniques try to improve the retrieval performance by using associated contextual information, other than those derived from the media content (Hori & Aizawa, 2003). Most of the proposed video indexing and retrieval prototypes have two major phases, the database population and the retrieval phase. In the former one, the video stream is partitioned into its constituent shots in a process known as shot boundary detection (Farag & Abdel-Wahab, 2001, 2002b). This step is followed by a process of selecting representative frames to summarize video shots (Farag & Abdel-Wahab, 2002a). Then, a number of low-level features (color, texture, object motion, etc.) are extracted in order to use them as indices to shots. The database population phase is performed as an off-line activity and it outputs a set of metadata with each element representing one of the clips in the video archive. In the retrieval phase, a query is presented to the system that in turns performs similarity matching operations and returns similar data back to the user. The basic objective of an automated video retrieval system (described above) is to provide the user with easy-to-use and effective mechanisms to access the required information. For that reason, the success of a content-based video access system is mainly measured by the effectiveness of its retrieval phase. The general query model adopted by almost all multimedia retrieval systems is the QBE (query by example; Marchionini, 2006). In this model, the user submits a query in the form of an image or a video clip (in case of a video retrieval system) and asks the system to retrieve similar data. QBE is considered to be a promising technique since it provides the user with an intuitive way of query presentation. In addition, the form of expressing a query condition is close to that of the data to be evaluated. Upon the reception of the submitted query, the retrieval stage analyzes it to extract a set of features then performs the task of similarity matching. In the latter task, the query-extracted features are compared with the features stored into the metadata; then matches are sorted and displayed back to the user based on how close a hit is to the input query. A central issue here is the assessment of video data similarity. Appropriately answering the following questions has a crucial impact on the effectiveness and applicability of the retrieval system. How are the similarity matching operations performed and based on what criteria? Do the employed similarity matching models reflect the human perception of multimedia similarity? The main focus of this article is to shed the light on possible answers to the above questions.
Conference papers on the topic "VisCAP Model of presenter selection"
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Молотков, Андрей, Andrey Molotkov, Ольга Третьякова, and Ol'ga Tret'yakova. "Visualization of the process of selective laser melting." In 29th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Visualization Systems and the Virtual Environment GraphiCon'2019. Bryansk State Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/graphicon-2019-1-78-81.
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This paper deals with the visualization of the previously simulated by the authors selective laser melting process in order to simplify the analysis of the results and the selection of technological parameters of the additive production unit. The article presents two possible approaches for visualization of the selective laser fusion process and supported functions which simplify the work and research in the framework of the new technology. The implemented approaches will reduce the requirements for the level of training of specialists working on Russian-made equipment. In the two-dimensional visualization mode, the emphasis is on the possibility of a more detailed study of the process. In a three-dimensional there is the ability of the broader scope and to see the big picture. Several implemented principles of geometry simplification for visual representation are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the work done and the results obtained are presented.
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Mendrok, Krzysztof, Piotr Kurowski, and Tadeusz Uhl. "Operational Forces Identification From Helicopter Model In-Flight Data With Use of Inverted Regressive Parametric Models." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49790.
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The paper presents an attempt to identify forces acting on the control unit of a helicopter model during flight. The helicopter model will, according to the project assumptions, operate as an inspection robot i.e. it will autonomously fly in selected regions and monitor them with an embedded camera. It could be used for visual inspection of high masts or chimneys. Autonomous flying requires a sophisticated control system. The control unit is placed in an additional box hung under the fuselage. One of the stages of the unit development was examination of in-flight forces acting on the box and if it was necessary, a vibroinsulation selection. For this reason, an experiment was conducted. During the test, forces in the box suspension and accelerations in selected locations of the object were recorded. Having both, forces and responses in the form of vibrations accelerations, enabled to verify a force identification procedure. It is a procedure based on regressive parametric models inversion. The paper presents this method’s description and an attempt to apply it to the described forces identification.
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Greenstein, Vivienne C., Donald C. Hood, Irwin M. Siegel, and Ronald E. Carr. "Adaptation Dependent Sensitivity Losses: Implications for cone receptor involvement in RP." In Noninvasive Assessment of the Visual System. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/navs.1988.tua2.
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The assessment of a sensitivity loss in patients with retinal disease is often performed in the presence of a background. Marré and Marré1, for example, have devised a technique based on Wald's version of Stiles' two-color threshold technique to measure the relative loss in three "basic cone mechanisms", each mechanism is isolated with a single chromatic background. Other investigators have argued for a selective sensitivity loss of a blue cone mechanism or a chromatic mechanism based upon data also collected at one or two adapting field intensities. The implicit assumption is that sensitivity loss of a particular cone mechanism is independent of the level of adaptation. This paper has two goals. First, we review evidence indicating that sensitivity loss is not independent of the level of adaptation in patients with RP, and we propose that models of sensitivity loss must incorporate a model of adaptation2. Second, we apply the model of adaptation proposed by Hood and Greenstein3 to assess whether the tvi data from RP patients support the hypothesis that RP primarily affects the receptors.
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Wang, Xinguo, David Moulton, and Mirjam Fürth. "The Development of a Planning Boat Model and Environmental Measurements for Free Running Model Tests." In SNAME 14th International Marine Design Conference. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/imdc-2022-266.
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For decades, the performance and efficiency of High Speed Craft (HSC) have been tested and evaluated in towing tanks; these tests are performed under ideal conditions. During towed testing the scaled model is often only free to move in heave and pitch and the effect of surge cannot be evaluated. Self propelled tests are rare meaning the drag, noise and turbulence of the thruster propellers are not considered. This paper presents a detailed step by step workflow of designing and manufacturing a self-propelled (HSC) to be tested in a calm water free running test in the Offshore Technology Research Center (OTRC) wave basin in Texas A&M University. The paper shows the hull parametric design, thruster and propeller selection and the data acquisition system design. The study includes a quantitative and qualitative comparison for the effect of the propeller hull interaction, results are compared with exciting towing tank data for the same hull geometry. An experimental straight forward motion step response is implemented to identify the vehicle speed transfer function for closed loop forward speed controller design. The paper also presents the use of computer vision applications in the experiment measurements such as the Visual-SLAM algorithm for the accurate 6-DOF HSC motion tracking and the use of the stereo-vision for studying the wave pattern downstream of the hull quantitatively and qualitatively.
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Ferrer Pont, Esther, Blanca Botey Sánchez de Rojas, Francisco Cabrera Tosas, and Gisela Lorán Benavent. "Eines i indicadors per a la mesura del grau de sostenibilitat en la planificació territorial i urbanística." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7538.
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En aquest article es presenten un seguit d’eines i indicadors ambientals emprats habitualment per l’equip de Taller d’Enginyeria Ambiental, SL. en els estudis d’avaluació ambiental del planejament territorial i urbanístic. Els indicadors ambientals poden ser utilitzats per valorar alguns dels efectes derivats de la implementació d’un determinat pla sobre el territori, comparar els efectes ambientals probables generats per les diferents alternatives de zonificació i/o d’ordenació plantejades i, en darrera instància, poden contribuir a justificar la selecció de l’alternativa d’ordenació més sostenible des del punt de vista ambiental.
L’article presenta diferents exemples d’eines i d’indicadors relacionats amb l’ús racional del sòl (l’índex d’ocupació urbana del sòl, l’índex de dispersió urbana, l’índex de fragmentació del paisatge i l’índex de conca visual lliure d’impacte), l’ús dels recursos naturals (l’índex d’ús d’aigües regenerades i la utilitat dels estudis d’assolellament en l’ús eficient de l’energia), i la prevenció de certs riscos ambientals (mesura del percentatge de superfícies inundables i el nombre de persones o habitatges exposats a nivells sonors alts). Es comparen els resultats obtinguts d’alguns d’aquests indicadors per a diferents models de desenvolupament urbanístic, considerant models més dispersos i altres de compactes. En darrer lloc, es valora la seva utilitat en el procés de selecció d’alternatives d’ordenació territorial i urbanística i la seva idoneïtat per valorar el grau de compliment d’objectius ambientals, tenint en compte la interpretació dels resultats obtinguts. In this article there are presented a set of tools and environment indicators habitually used by the Taller d’Enginyeria Ambiental, S.L in the environmental studies over the land and urban planning. These indicators may be used to value some of the effects of the implementation of some specific plan over the territory, to compare the environmental effects of different zoning or/and ordering alternatives, and finally, to justify the most environmentally sustainable alternative of ordering.
The article presents some examples of these tools and indicators related with the rational use of the territory (index of the urban occupation of the land, index of urban dispersal, index of landscape fragmentation, index of visual basin free of impact), use of natural resources (index of the use of recycled water, and insolation’s studies usefulness) and the prevention of environmental risks (measurements of surfaces affected by water floods, and number of people and homes affected by high noise levels). The results of some of these indicators applied to different models of urban development are compared considering scattered and compact urban models. Finally, indicators’ utility in the process of alternatives selection of urban planning is valued, as well as its suitability to value the achievement of environmental objectives, according to the obtained results’ interpretation.
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Raimbay, A., T. Babadagli, E. Kuru, and K. Develi. "Quantitative and Visual Analysis of Proppant Transport in Rough Fractures and Aperture Stability." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-173385-ms.
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AbstractThe consensus reached in the literature is that the roughness of fractures plays a crucial role on proppant transport affecting the aperture sustainability of hydraulic fractures. In this paper, an experimental scheme to visually and quantitatively investigate the hydraulic characteristics of rough fractures in the presence of proppants was presented. Rock samples of different kinds (i.e., granite, marble, and limestone) were fractured under the Brazilian test and molded to manufacture 20x20 cm transparent replicas. Propping agents were injected in a similar fashion and were introduced into the well with fracking fluid at a constant rate. Two types of fracture models were used: (1) perfectly mating (joint) and (2) sheared fractures in polymeric solutions. During the experiments, the inlet pressure was continuously monitored to quantify the permeability changes due to proppant distribution caused by the roughness of fracture surfaces. Meanwhile, corresponding images were collected to trace the transport of proppants and their behavior was correlated to the measured permeability change. For a better visualization of proppants, the injected fluid was dyed with a fluorescent material.In both joint and shear type fractures, existing closure areas controlled the proppant movement and permeability change significantly. The fracture roughness controlled by the lithological properties of the rocks was a critical factor affecting the permeability and proppant transport. After quantifying the roughness characteristics through the variogram fractal dimension, relationship between fracture permeability in the presence of proppant and rock types were presented. Also provided was a semi-quantitative analysis of the stability (or settlement) of proppants during injection with respect to the roughness type (and lithology). The quantitative and visual data collected for a wide range of rock types with original roughness characteristics are expected to be useful in fracking design and selection of proper proppants for different reservoirs.
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Öman, Anne. "Design and Redesign of a Multimodal Classroom Task – Implications for Teaching and Learning." In InSITE 2015: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: USA. Informing Science Institute, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2242.
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Digital technologies are increasingly implemented in Swedish schools, which impact on educa-tion in the contemporary classroom. Screen-based practice opens up for new forms and multi-plicity of representations, taking into account that language in a globalized society is more than reading and writing skills. This paper presents a case study of technology-mediated instruction at the primary-school level including an analysis of the designed task and how the teacher orchestrated the digital resources during three introductory classes. The aim was also to explore the pupils’ redesigning of advertis-ing films based on teacher’s instructions and available digital resources. Sequences of a learning trajectory were video recorded and analysed from a multimodal perspective with a focus on the designed task and the processes of how pupils orchestrate meaning through their selection and configuration of available designs. The findings show a distinction between the selection of design elements in the teacher’s orches-tration of the laptop resources during instruction and the pupils’ redesigning of the task. Pupils’ work developed from the linguistic design provided by the teacher towards visual design and the use of images as the central mode of expression in the process of creating advertising films. The findings also indicate a lack of orientation towards subject content due to the teacher’s primary focus on introducing the software. This paper that was presented at the conference was previously published in the Journal of IT Education: Research
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Lee, Hoon, Pradeepkumar Ashok, and Delbert Tesar. "Visual Performance Maps for Human Choice in Hybrid Electric Vehicle’s In-Wheel Motors: Part II — Operation, Maintenance, and Refreshment Criteria." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47566.
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Part I of this paper demonstrated how different human choices affect the selection of all basic components of a Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) equipped with four-independent In-Wheel Motors (IWM) based on detailed human needs structured by visual performance maps to guide the customer in terms of purchase criteria: cost, weight, power, acceleration, gradeability, braking, handling, ride comfort, efficiency, and durability. This Part II discusses ten operation criteria: cornering force margin, roll angle, sideslip angle, lateral acceleration, slip angle, yaw rate, acceleration force margin, braking force margin, pitch angle, and travel range. These visual performance maps show the effects of HEV weight on acceleration, braking, and cornering maneuvers under various road conditions (i.e., dry asphalt, wet asphalt, snowy or icy road) which are evaluated and compared based on the implementation of a nonlinear 14 DOF full-vehicle model based on ride (7 DOF), handling (3 DOF), tire (4 DOF), slip ratio, slip angle, and the tire magic formula. In addition, this paper demonstrates how different human choices affect the HEV’s expected performance. Lastly, maintenance and refreshment criteria are presented and explained.
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Suo, Wei, MengYang Sun, Peng Wang, and Qi Wu. "Proposal-free One-stage Referring Expression via Grid-Word Cross-Attention." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/143.
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Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) has become one of the most important tasks in visual reasoning, since it is an essential step for many vision-and-language tasks such as visual question answering. However, it has not been widely used in many downstream tasks because it suffers 1) two-stage methods exist heavy computation cost and inevitable error accumulation, and 2) one-stage methods have to depend on lots of hyper-parameters (such as anchors) to generate bounding box. In this paper, we present a proposal-free one-stage (PFOS) model that is able to regress the region-of-interest from the image, based on a textual query, in an end-to-end manner. Instead of using the dominant anchor proposal fashion, we directly take the dense-grid of image as input for a cross-attention transformer that learns grid-word correspondences. The final bounding box is predicted directly from the image without the time-consuming anchor selection process that previous methods suffer. Our model achieves the state-of-the-art performance on four referring expression datasets with higher efficiency, comparing to previous best one-stage and two-stage methods.
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Molotkov, A. A., and O. N. Tretiyakova. "Visualization and Analysis of Visual Data in Additive Manufacturing Technology of Optoelectronic Devices." In 32nd International Conference on Computer Graphics and Vision. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/graphicon-2022-240-247.
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The work is devoted to solving the problems of machine vision and scientific visualization in the framework of the industrial implementation of new laser technologies, in particular the technology of selective laser fusion. The result of the development of a specialized machine vision platform is demonstrated, which makes it possible to simplify the solution of a wide range of machine vision and scientific visualization tasks. In the presented work, a number of particular issues of video recording of processes in isolated environments, determining the boundaries of objects in the image, analyzing and processing of visual data, forming and presenting a picture of heat distribution in a three-dimensional object, based on data obtained from the means of conducting a numerical experiment (calculation of the mathematical model of the process under study implemented by us) are also considered. The article also demonstrates the results of combining calculated data on the geometry of the product, data obtained by analyzing video data from visual observation tools, with thermal distribution data. This approach makes it easier for technologists to analyze the production process, identify critical areas, such as overheating and non-melting zones, and select the technological parameters of the selective laser melting process. The results of the application of the created platform in various production technologies are demonstrated.
Reports on the topic "VisCAP Model of presenter selection"
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Mizrach, Amos, Sydney L. Spahr, Ephraim Maltz, Michael R. Murphy, Zeev Schmilovitch, Jan E. Novakofski, Uri M. Peiper, et al. Ultrasonic Body Condition Measurements for Computerized Dairy Management Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568109.bard.
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The body condition (BC) score is recognized in the dairy industry as an essential tool for managing the energy reserves of the dairy cow, which is essential for sustaining optimal and efficient production over several lactations. The current use of BC scoring depends on the accuracy of subjective visual estimates, and this limits its kusefulness as a management aid in the dairy industry. A measuring tool that would frequently provide objective data on the cow's body reserves would be a major contribution to efficient dairy herd management. Ultrasonic sensors have the potential to be developed into an efficient BC measuring device, and the experimental use of such sensors for subcutaneous fat thickness (SDFT) estimates, as an indication for BC in beef cattle, supports this assumption. The purposes of this project were: 1. To compare visual BC scoring and ultrasonic fat thickness with on-line automated body weight (BW) measurements as monitors of nutritional adequacy of dairy cows at various stages of lactation. 2. To determine the effects of variation in digestive fill in early and late lactation on the accuracy of body weight measurements in lactating cows. 3. To modify an existing ultrasonic system and develop a specialized, low-cost sensor for repeatable determination of body condition scores by users with minimal training and skill. 4. To develop a standard for the assignment of body condition scores based on ultrasonic measurements of subdermal fat thickness. The procedure to execute these objectives involved: 1. Frequent measurement of BW, milk yield (MY), BC (visually scored) and subdermal fat thickness ultrasonically measured of dairy cows, and data analysis on average and individual basis. 2. Testing and selection of an appropriate special-purpose sensor, finding an optimum body location for working an ultrasonic measurement, prcessing the signals obtained, and correlating the resulting measurements with performance responses in lactating cows. Linking the ultrasonic signals to BC scores, and developing a BC scoring data acquisition system are the first steps towards fulfilling the necessary requirements for incorporating this device into an existing dairy herd management system, in order to provide the industry with a powerful managment tool. From the results obtained we could conclude that: 1. BC does not correlate with BW changes during all stages of lactation, although in general terms it does. These results were confirmed by individual cow BW and BC data obtained during the course of lactation, that were supported by individual objective ultrasonic measurement of SDFT. 2. BW changes reflect energy metabolism reliably ony after peak milk yield; early in lactation, a decrease in BW expresses mobilization of body reserves only qualitatively, and not quantitatively. 3. Gastrointestinal content increases throughout the whole period during which dry matter intake (DMI) increases. The drastic increase very early in lactation prevents the use of BW changes as a basis for quantitative estimatio of energy meatabolism; at this stage of lactation, konly a BC score or any other direct measurements willl provide a quantitative estimate of energy metabolism. 4. Ultrasonic measurements of subdermal fat thickness can be used to quantify changes that correlate with the actual condition of the cow, as assessed by performance and the traditional way of scoring. 5. To find the best site on the cow's body at which to obtain responses to BC and its changes in the course of lactation, additional sites have to be examined. From the present study, it seems that the sites between ribs 12 and 13 have the potential for this purpose. 6. The use of templates made it easier to repeat measurements at a desired site and spot. However, the convenient easy-to-handle way to standardize the measurement, described in this study, koffers scope for improvement. 7. The RF peak values of the A-mode are better indicators of the location of fat layer borders than image analysis, from the point of view of future commercial development. 8. The distances between the RF peaks of the A-mode can be automatically measured by suitable software, for future commercial development. 9. Proper analysis of daily body weight and milk yield data can provide the necessary information on body condition changes during lactation, until a direct BC measurement device is developed. 10. In any case, at least one visual BC assessment has to be done, preferably immediately after calving, for calibration purposes.