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Raatikainen, Linnéa. "InfoNavigator : Ett webbaserat system för att visa användarunik information." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för matematik och datavetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-42983.
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Stearns, David L. ""Think of it as money" : a history of the VISA payment system, 1970-1984." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2672.
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This dissertation is a historical case study of the payment system designed, built, and operated by Visa International Services Association (VISA, hereafter “Visa”). The system is analyzed as a sociotechnical one, consisting of both social and technical elements that mutually constitute and shape one another. The historical narrative concentrates on the period of 1970 to 1984, which roughly corresponds to the tenure of the system’s founder and first CEO, Dee Ward Hock. It also focuses primarily upon the events that took place within the United States. After establishing a theoretical and historical context, I describe why and how the organization now known as Visa was formed. I then explain how the founder and his staff transformed the disintegrated, paper-based credit card systems of the 1960s into the unified, electronic value exchange system we know today. Special attention is paid throughout this narrative to the ways in which the technologies were shaped by political, legal, economic, and cultural forces, as well as the ways in which the system began to alter those social relations in return. In the final chapter, I offer three small extensions to the literature on payment systems, cooperative networks, and technology and culture.
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Goncalves, Marcus V. A. "A study of how the student and exchange visa information system influences the influx and study of graduate international students in science and engineering in the U.S." Thesis, Boston University, 2009. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/33478.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston UniversityThe influx of international graduate students in science and engineering to the U.S. has changed since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The implementation of the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) and related F-1 visa policies have required a higher level of scrutiny of the student visa procedures, and introduced strict student monitoring policies and measures. In addition, the SEVIS monitoring and compliance system has altered the operation of international student service offices, affected the students they serve, and the operation of the universities enrolling international students. This study investigated the effects of SEVIS on graduate programs in science and engineering and their students. Information was gathered from respondents from the 60 universities having the highest population of intemational students in these fields, according to NSF. Respondents included department administrators, admissions officials, and SEVIS professionals. Data V111 were collected from 75 on-line survey respondents and in 21 semi-structured interviews. The results of this study suggest that many international students are negatively affected by SEVIS, impacting their ability to remain in-status and to understand how the system works. To counter this, department administrators, SEVIS professionals, and student advisors have increased their level of support for these students, providing them guidance on how to remain in-status and how to improve their social and academic experience in the United States. As a result, relatively few international students are deported for falling out-of-status in SEVIS. The data also made clear that program administrators and admissions officials have little knowledge about SEVIS, F -1 visa policies, and their influence on international enrollments. Finally, this study provided evidence of an increased workload for international student advisors and SEVIS professionals. Universities have had to hire additional staff, increase their information technology investment in linking home-grown student service systems with SEVIS, and proactively anticipate any hurdles that international students may have and resolve them as expeditiously as possible.
2031-01-01
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Абоах, Ангел Хенріетта, and Angel Henrietta Aboah. "Методи підвищення рівня безпеки інформаційно-комунікаційної системи візового обслуговування." Master's thesis, Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/36745.
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Цілі та завдання дослідження. Це розробка методів підвищення рівня безпеки інформаційно-комунікаційної системи візового обслуговування.
Для досягнення цієї мети необхідно виконати наступні завдання:
· Забезпечення візової служби
· Аналіз потоків даних у сервісі Visa
· Розробка безпеки візової служби
· Аудит/Хмарна безпека у візовій службі
· Інструкції щодо впровадження показників у візовій службі
Об'єктивним розділом дослідження є опрацювання розвитку та вдосконалення інформаційної безпеки візового сервісу.
Суб'єктивним розділом дослідження є стандарти та правила безпеки, програмні засоби аудиту безпеки, посібники з безпеки.
Технічний аспект отриманих результатів:
· Вибір належних показників безпеки для вимірювання рівня безпеки візового обслуговування.
· Відповідна важливість отриманих рішень.The goals and tasks of the study. This is to develop methods for increasing the security level of the information and communication system of visa service. Achieving this goal requires the following tasks: • Securing visa service • Analysis of data flows in Visa service • Design security of visa service • Audit/Cloud Security in visa service • Implementation’s guidelines of metrics at visa service The objective section of the study is the processing of development and improvement of visa service information security. The subjective section of the study is the security standards and regulations, software tools for security audit, security guides. Technical aspect of the acquired results: • Choosing proper security metrics to measure security level of visa service. • The applicable importance of the solutions obtained.
Introduction...7 Chapter 1...9 1.1. Review of Visa Facilitation Service...9 1.2. Business Model...9 1.3. Materiality...1 1 1.4. Sustainable Development Goals... 1 2 1.5. Design Security of visa Service... 1 3 Chapter 2... 2 0 2.1. Physical Security... 2 0 2.2. Information Security & Data Protection... 2 1 2.3. Process Excellence... 2 1 2.4. Business Continuity... 2 2 2.5. Integrated Security... 2 3 2.6. Audit Security in visa service... 2 3 2.7.1. Control mapping... 2 5 2.7.2. Gap level... 2 6 2.7.3. Consensus assessments initiative questionnaire... 2 56 2.7.4. CSP CAIQ Answer... 2 7 Chapter 3... 2 9 3.1. Visa Process Infrastructure System... 2 9 3.2. Visa Processing management System Features... 2 9 3.3. Privacy and data protection... 3 0 3.4. Models for smart travel... 3 1 3.5. Aspirational Smart Travel... 3 2 3.6. Visas and Borders: The Key for Seamless Travel... 3 4 3.7. A Roadmap to Implementation... 3 4 3.8. Implementations guidelines of metrics at visa Service... 4 1 Chapter 4 .... 4 7 Health and Safety Regulations... 4 7 4.1. Regulations of Health and Safety... 4 7 4.2. Occupational Safety Management for Remote Office... 4 7 64.3. Key Management System Components for State Institution... 4 8 4.4. Structure of Labor Protection Service... 4 8 4.5. Size of Occupational Safety 4 Service...8 4.6. Occupational Injuries Analysis...4 9 4.7. The responsibility of officials for violation of occupational safety... 5 0 4.8. Investigation and registration of accidents and occupational diseases... 5 1 4.9. Prevention of occupational injuries at a state institution... 5 1 Conclusion... 5 3 Reference...5 ... 6 Appendix A Title 5 Page...8 Appendix 5 B...9 Appendix C...6 0
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Pereira, Meire Joisy Almeida, and 95-99112-2889. "Agricultura Familiar no projeto de assentamento Nova Amazônia: a vida no Lavrado em Boa Vista – Roraima - Brasil." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2017. https://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6588.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
To analyze the interrelations between families-based farmers, work praxis, use and conservation of water and land in the New Amazonia Settlement Project from 2000 to 2017, in the Boa Vista-Roraima agrarian area was the general objective of this thesis. Purpose traced from observation of social, economic and environmental dynamics. Transformative movements in the landscape units of the Lavrado environmental system. Edgar Morin's systemic complexity dialectic approach, combined with the Robert Yin case study, integrated the methodological and epistemological strategy of the research, elements chosen because they allowed to understand and explain the whole and the parts, order and disorder, the objective and the subjective. The environmental perception and the categories of analyzes were constituted in the instruments of data apprehension in the real world. Therefore, Place, program, strategy and immaterial work, made possible to understand, describe and reflect on the processes and the birth of autopoietic organizations in the Settlement. The quantitative and qualitative analyzes reflected the results found. In this trail it was possible to unveil the generative movement of the identity characteristics of the families-based farmers, the identity of the interactions and relationships expressed in environmental history. In the settlement, the site is the place of residence and the farm is the place of work, endowed with topophilic feelings. The multifunctionality of the family agriculture unit, as well as the pluriactivity of labor were evidences captured in the family productive unit, where the family is the centrality, inducing the productive and reproductive processes of social and biological life. Emergencies that originated the social, political and economic organizations, constitutive of a particular culture, reconstructed generationally around a common goal, the struggle for the land in the corners of the northern Amazon. It was found that conservation and degradation walk side by side, in morinian's complementarity, revealing contradictions and recursion, aspects that promote sustainability reflected in uncertainty, diversity, equity and adaptability.
Analisar as interrelações entre os agricultores familiares, práxis de trabalho, uso e conservação das águas e da terra no Projeto de Assentamento Nova Amazônia no período de 2000 a 2017, espaço agrário de Boa Vista-Roraima constituiu-se no objetivo geral da presente tese. Propósito traçado a partir da observação das dinâmicas sociais, econômica e ambientais. Movimentos geradores de transformação nas unidades de paisagens do sistema ambiental do Lavrado. A abordagem da dialética da complexidade sistêmica de Edgar Moran, combinada com o estudo de caso de Robert Yin integraram a estratégia metodológica e epistemológica da pesquisa, elementos escolhidos porque permitiram compreender e explicar o todo e as partes, a ordem e a desordem, o objetivo e o subjetivo. A percepção ambiental e as categorias de análises constituíram-se nos instrumentos de apreensão dos dados no mundo real. Assim, Lugar, programa, estratégia e trabalho imaterial, possibilitaram compreender, descrever e refletir acerca dos processos e o nascimento das organizações autopoiéticas no Assentamento. As análises quantitativas e qualitativas refletiram os resultados encontrados. Nessa trilha foi possível desvelar o movimento gerador das características identitárias dos agricultores familiares, identidade gestada das interações e relações, expressa na história ambiental. No assentamento, o sítio é o lugar de morada e a roça o lugar de trabalho, dotados de sentimentos topofílicos. A multifuncionalidade da unidade de agricultura familiar, bem como a pluriatividade do trabalho foram evidências captadas, onde a família é a centralidade, indutora dos processos produtivos e reprodutivos da vida social e biológica. Emergências que originaram as organizações sociais, políticas e econômicas, constitutivas de uma cultura em particular, reconstruída geracionalmente em torno de um objetivo comum, a luta pela terra nos rincões da Amazônia setentrional. Constatou-se que conservação e degradação caminham lado a lado, na complementaridade moriniana, desvelando contradições e recursividade, aspectos promotores da sustentabilidade refletidos na incerteza, diversidade, equidade e adaptabilidade.
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Lind, Jonathan. "Integration of Visma Administration and SiteVision." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för matematik och datavetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-36198.
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The ability to reach a wider public using the Internet has brought the world a wide varietyof online retailers offering their customers to purchase almost anything from the comfortof their home. With this increase in online retailing, a need for automation has been developedby the users. To be able to decrease the administrative tasks to a bare minimum allowsretailers to focus on their core business instead. With this new request for automation, businesssystems are becoming more and more popular and to be able to integrate the web sitewith a business system results in lower administrative workload. A variety of systems arealready available for the public to use for integrating a web shop to a number of differentbusiness systems. These systems are however often restrictive and will provide a frameworkfor developing the web shop themselves. One web content management system that lacksthis kind of support is SiteVision. On behalf of Soleil IT, a Proof of Concept was developedto investigate the feasibility of integrating a web shop developed in SiteVision, with a businesssystem for automation of administrative tasks. The implementation included featuressuch as retrieving products from the business system and displaying them on the web site,and the ability to purchase a set of products which should generate an order in the businesssystem. RESTful web services was used to transmit data between the business system andthe web shop. This project resulted in a successful integration of the business system VismaAdministration and a web shop developed in SiteVision. The project showed the feasibilityof performing such an integration and also exposed any restrictions that the setup may have.
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SECCO, MARCELLO. "Desenvolvimento de dispositivo movimentador automatizado de amostras com vista à aplicação em medidas de radioisótopos que possuem curto tempo de meia-vida." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2016. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/26619.
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Medidas de espectroscopia gama de alta resolução têm diversas aplicações. Aplicações envolvendo medidas de radioisótopos de meia-vida curta podem apresentar problemas de baixa precisão nas contagens quando a fonte radioativa está distante do detector e de perda de acurácia por efeitos de tempo morto e empilhamento de pulsos em situação de altas taxas de contagens. Um modo de minimizar esses problemas é alterando a posição da fonte radioativa durante o processo de medição, aproximando-a do detector conforme sua atividade diminui e assim maximizando o número de contagens medidas. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido o Movimentador de Amostras Radioativas Automatizado (MARA), um aparato de baixo custo, feito com materiais de baixo número atômico e leve, projetado e construído para auxiliar nas medidas de espectroscopia gama, capaz de controlar a distância entre a fonte e o detector, permitindo inclusive que ocorra alteração dessa distância durante o processo de medição. Por ser automatizado ele otimiza o tempo do operador, que tem total liberdade para criar suas rotinas de medidas no dispositivo, além de evitar que o mesmo tome uma parcela da dose radioativa. Foi também feita uma interface que permite controle do MARA e a programação do sistema de aquisição de dados. Foram realizados testes para otimização da operação do sistema MARA e foi verificada a segurança de operação do MARA, não apresentando nenhuma falha durante seus testes. Foi aplicado o teste de repetitividade, por meio de medições com uma fonte calibrada de 60Co, e verificou-se que o sistema de movimentação de prateleiras automatizado reproduziu os resultados do sistema estático com confiabilidade de 95%.
Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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El-Sheimy, Naser M. "The development of VISAT, a mobile survey system for GIS applications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq20734.pdf.
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Jacobson, Neto Eduardo. "Imunidades tributárias: um ponto de vista." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5347.
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Previous issue date: 2010-08-06This study is aimed at approaching tax exemptions as legal standards of a hypothetical-conditional structure, so that such legal phenomenon is not restricted to the abstract plan. The essay begins with the logical-semantic constructive method by Lourival Vilanova and Paulo de Barros Carvalho mainly analyzes the positive right. We show, in such method, that such as the primary constitutional-tax competence rules, tax exemptions have an hypothetical-conditional syntactic structure: the difference is that the deontic logic modeling the legal relationship outlined in its consequent is the forbidden one (V), and not the allowed one (P). The class inclusion ratio between the precedent and consequent of the tax exemptions and the antecedent and consequent of the tax constitutional competence rules assures that the latter are applied only to the cases in which those shall not be resulted. The differentiation between primary constitutional-tax competence and incompetence rules from primary constitutional-tax competence and the primary constitutional-tax incompetence exercises the major function to clarify the way the complementary law headings influenced on definition of the tax exemption sense. We shall also evidence that tax exemptions concurrently exercise the function to prohibit exercise of the primary constitutional-tax competence and application of tax instituting standards: at all times in relation to certain materialities. The theoretical positions on the matter shall be compared step by step to the understanding defended in this text. The manner with which jurisprudence, and more precisely, the Superior Federal Court has been showing the matter shall be remembered at all times. By distinguishing tax exemptions from other constitutional limitations to the power to tax, we shall attest that the latter is a genre from which the first one is a species. The limits to teleological or finalistic interpretation of the tax exemptions shall be dealt with in light of the own syntactical-semantic structure of the tax exemptions, as well as the incidence phenomenology
Este estudo tem como objetivo abordar as imunidades tributárias enquanto normas jurídicas de estrutura hipotético-condicional, de forma que este fenômeno jurídico não se restrinja ao plano abstrato. O trabalho parte do método denominado construtivismo lógico-semântico de Lourival Vilanova e Paulo de Barros Carvalho analisando, precipuamente, o direito positivo. Nele, demonstramos que, tal quais as normas de competência constitucional-tributária primária, as imunidades tributárias possuem estrutura sintática hipotético-condicional: a diferença é que o functor deôntico modalizador da relação jurídica prevista em seu consequente é o proibido (V), e não o permitido (P). A relação de inclusão de classes entre o antecedente e consequente das imunidades tributárias e o antecedente e consequente das normas de competência constitucional tributária garante que estas últimas sejam aplicadas apenas às hipóteses em que aquelas não deverão incidir. A diferenciação entre normas de competência e incompetência constitucional-tributária primária de competência constitucional-tributária primária e de incompetência constitucional-tributária primária exerce a importante função de esclarecer a forma com que os enunciados de lei complementar influenciaram na definição do sentido das imunidades tributárias. Buscaremos demonstrar, também, que as imunidades tributárias exercem, concomitantemente, a função de proibir o exercício da competência constitucional-tributária primária e a aplicação de normas instituidoras de tributos: sempre em relação a determinadas materialidades. As posições doutrinárias sobre a matéria serão, passo a passo, cotejadas com o entendimento defendido neste texto. A forma com que a jurisprudência e, mais precisamente, o Supremo Tribunal Federal têm vislumbrado a matéria será lembrada a todo momento. Ao distinguir as imunidades tributárias de outras limitações constitucionais ao poder de tributar, comprovaremos que esta última é gênero do qual a primeira é espécie. Os limites à interpretação teleológica ou finalística das imunidades tributárias serão abordados à luz da própria estrutura sintático-semântica das imunidades tributárias, bem como de sua fenomenologia de incidência
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Sane, Hemant. "Power supply noise analysis for 3D ICs using through-silicon-vias." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33875.
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3D design is being recognized widely as the next BIG thing in system integration. However, design and analysis tools for 3D are still in infancy stage. Power supply noise analysis is one of the critical aspects of a design. Hence, the area of noise analysis for 3D designs is a key area for future development. The following research presents a new parasitic RLC modeling technique for 3D chips containing TSVs as well as a novel optimization algorithm for power-ground network of a 3D chip with the aim of minimizing noise in the network. The following work also looks into an existing commercial IR drop analysis tool and presents a way to modify it with the aim of handling 3D designs containing TSVs.
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Nielsen, Malin, and Nedy Obreykov. "Att visa att man duger : En etnografisk studie om unga kvinnliga chefer." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28379.
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Att vara ung kvinnlig chef är ett outforskat område som behöver belysas. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vad det innebär att arbeta som offentligt anställd ung kvinnlig chef. Urvalet bestod av fyra unga kvinnliga chefer verksamma inom en stor kommun i Sverige. Med en etnografisk metodansats utfördes åtta deltagande observationer inklusive en fokusgruppsintervju. Resultatet påvisade att cheferna ansåg att faktorer som ålder och kön inte spelade roll när det gällde ledarskap. Trots detta uppfattades en känsla av ambivalens i synen på betydelsen av sin ålder och kön genom att man gjorde skillnad på sina medarbetares ålder och kön. Då ansåg cheferna att yngre, äldre, manliga och kvinnliga medarbetare behövde olika bemötanden. För att förstå studiens resultat i sin helhet användes teorier med inspiration från Charon och den symboliska interaktionismen som betonar att vi blir till i den sociala interaktionen med andra. Systemteori användes även för att synliggöra hur cheferna påverkas och påverkar den samhälleliga bilden av chefsrollen.Being a young female manager is an unexplored area that needs to be highlighted. This study therefore aims to explore what it means to work as a young female public servant manager. The sample consisted of four young female managers in a large municipality in Sweden. With an ethnographic research approach, eight participating observations including a focus group interview was performed. The result showed that the managers felt that factors such as age and gender did not play a role in their leadership. Despite this, we perceived a sense of ambivalence in the view of the importance of age and gender by making a difference in their employees’ age and gender. The managers considered that younger, older, male and female employees were needed different treatment. To understand the result of the study in its entirety, theories inspired by Charon and symbolic interactionism was used which emphasizes that we become us by the social interaction with others. Systems theory was also used to show how the managers are affected and also affecting the society’s image of the general management role.
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Ok, Seong Joon. "High density, high aspect ratio through-wafer electrical interconnect vias for MEMS packaging." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18227.
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Hajderovic, Ajna. "Ett säljsamtal via webbutik : Visma SPCS." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1087.
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The main objective of this thesis is to study how the structures of a sell dialog, via a web shop, should be designed in order to support and inspire the customer. To get the answer to this question I use a qualitative and quantitative method. The qualitative method is applied in connection with different interviews. The quantitative method is used to analyze different answers given from those who are interviewed. I also use the deductive method due to my interest of studying how reality can relate to the theories with the choice of the subject.
Moreover, this thesis is structured by three main perspectives; company, customers and techniques. The theoretical part of the thesis includes definitions and theories about electronic business, customers’ behaviour and technique, UML (Unified Modelling Language), which is a visual syntax for visualising, specifying, constructing and documenting system engineering, and UP (Unified Process), which is a method that complements UML. Furthermore, the empirical part of the thesis includes interviews with Chris Jangelöv and Patrik Cardell (Visma Spcs), who are representing the companys’ perspective on a sell dialog via a web shop. For the customers’ perspective on the subject, I collect and outline the interviews from Visma Spcs customers. Moreover, I review the interview with David Nadel, where he discusses the UML and UP techniques and also electronic business in general.
As for the results, I come to the conclusion that a web shop should be structured from a customer´s perspective and his/her inquiries concerning the products and services. UML and UP, however, are techniques that focus on the structuring of data and processes without taking the developing dialogue with the customer into serious account. These techniques do not address issues of why a web shop is used as it is, UML and UP only apply what a web shop can look like and how it could be used. Therefore, I argue that there is a lack of connection between the UML and UP techniques and the real live user and actual use. I also reached the conclusion that there should be three main building blocks when structuring a sell dialog via a web shop. These are; structure, information and navigation.
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Kumar, Raj. "New Vista to Preserve the Scholarly Output in Higher Education System: Institutional Repositories." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622606.
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Conferencia realizado del 12 al 14 de setiembre en Lima, Peru del 2012 en el marco del 15º Simposio Internacional de Tesis y Disertaciones Electrónicas (ETD 2012). Evento aupiciado por la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) y la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC).Institutional repositories emerge as a new approach to manage and maintain effectively the intellectual assets of an institute through the digital content for scholarly communication. It includes e-prints of research data, e-learning materials and other forms of institutional intellectual outputs, which are generally not available or preserved elsewhere. Digital publishing, global networking, new researches, and improved communication among scholars are driving the demand for broader access. In the present scenario, IR’s are become an indispensable component for information and knowledge sharing in the universities and higher education world. The Institutional Repository increased visibility reflects a high quality of scholarship; this display of value can translate into tangible benefits including the funding from public and private sources that drives in part from an institution status and reputation. The paper explores and discusses the conceptual development, benefits, standard, sustainability & funding of Institutional repositories. Paper has also discussed about the open source software’s and Commercial Digital Repository Software that are available to create and maintain in institutional repositories. This paper also tries to explore the contents of IRs and skill requirement for the implantations of the successful Institutional Repository.
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Cunha, Oberdam de Lima. "SAMPA (System for Comparative Analysis of Metabolic PAthways) - uma comparação de vias metabólicas." Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, 2008. http://www.lncc.br/tdmc/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=161.
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Com o advento das tecnologias que propiciaram os seqüenciamentos e as análises de genomas completos em tempo relativamente curto, muitos dados sobre vias metabólicas de procariotos e eucariotos puderam ser gerados. Análises comparativas de vias metabólicas de diferentes genomas podem auxiliar no entendimento das relações organizacionais dentre e fora das espécies. Com base em tais perspectivas, este trabalho tem como finalidade implementar um sistema que permita comparar, através de diferentes critérios, vias metabólicas de bactérias.
O sistema SAMPA (System for comparative Analysis of Metabolic PAthways) é composto por um banco de dados, com informações sobre vias metabólicas de diversos organismos, e um conjunto de 5 ferramentas utilizadas para comparar estas vias metabólicas e agrupar os organismos que possuam vias metabólicas relacionadas. Como estudo de caso para teste da ferramenta, foi utilizada a família Mycoplasmataceae.The advent of genome sequencing technology and complete genome analysis has provided new data on prokaryote and eukaryote metabolic pathways. The comparative analysis of metabolic pathways from different organisms can help us understand inter and intra species organizational relationships. Having this in mind, this work focused on building a system that allows for comparing the bacterial metabolic pathways, according to a set of pre-established criteria. SAMPA (System for comparative Analysis of Metabolic PAthways) comprises a database containing information on metabolic pathways in many organisms, and a set of five tools that can be used to compare these metabolic pathways and to group organisms carrying metabolic pathways that are related. As a case study to validate the tool, we the Mycoplasmataceae family of organisms was used.
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Thadesar, Paragkumar A. "Interposer platforms featuring polymer-enhanced through silicon vias for microelectronic systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53572.
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Novel polymer-enhanced photodefined through-silicon via (TSV) and passive technologies have been demonstrated for silicon interposers to obtain compact heterogeneous computing and mixed-signal systems. These technologies include: (1) Polymer-clad TSVs with thick (~20 µm) liners to help reduce TSV losses and stress, and obtain optical TSVs in parallel for interposer-to-interposer long-distance communication; (2) Polymer-embedded vias with copper vias embedded in polymer wells to significantly reduce the TSV losses; (3) Coaxial vias in polymer wells to reduce the TSV losses with controlled impedance; (4) Antennas over polymer wells to attain a high radiation efficiency; and (5) High-Q inductors over polymer wells.
Cleanroom fabrication and characterization of the technologies have been demonstrated. For the fabricated polymer-clad TSVs, resistance and synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements have been demonstrated. High-frequency measurements up to 170 GHz and time-domain measurements up to 10 Gbps have been demonstrated for the fabricated polymer-embedded vias. For the fabricated coaxial vias and inductors, high-frequency measurements up to 50 GHz have been demonstrated. Lastly, for the fabricated antennas, measurements in the W-band have been demonstrated.
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Targino, Raquel Lira de Oliveira. "Qualidade de vida dos usuários de drogas." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2017. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5706.
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Researches about Quality of Life (QoL) has been increasingly frequent since it is known that QoL influences health and is also influenced by it. In this way, understand the perception of QoL of the individuals has been important to evaluate the impact of the interventions in the most different health services. The objective of this research was to analyze the QoL of drug users hospitalized for treatment in a public health institution in the city of Manaus. This is a quantitative-descriptive, cross-sectional study with 52 patients hospitalized for treatment at the Ismael Abdel Aziz Chemical Dependency Rehabilitation Center (CRDQ). The SF-36 and the socio-demographic questionnaire were used, applied in two different moments. The data were analyzed through statistical programs Excel 2010 (Microsoft Office Enterprise) and Statistic Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 17.0. It was evidenced a predominance of single men, between 17 and 27 years. They reported having oxy as a drug of dependence, followed by cocaine, consumed every day for at least 2 years. They reported having a familiar drug user, with the brothers being the most cited. QoL at the beginning of treatment was impaired, with low scores in the physical (M=60), (DP=17,23) and mental (M=49), (DP=17,63) components. However, after three months of treatment there was a significant improvement in the scores of these components, for (M=88,6), (DP=10,85) and (M=82,2), (DP=16,72), respectively. The functional capacity domains (M=69), (DP=18,05) and vitality (M=58,8), (DP=20,04), were also highlighted, with low initial scores. However, there were higher scores at the end of treatment, being (M=95,3), (DP=9,54) and (M=86,8), (DP=13,58), respectively. It was concluded that the therapeutic interventions carried out by the multiprofessional team contributed to the improvement in the patients' QoL perception, as well as their adherence to the treatment.
As investigações sobre Qualidade de Vida (QV) têm sido cada vez mais frequentes, uma vez que é sabido que QV influencia a saúde e também é por ele influenciada. Desta forma, compreender a percepção de QV dos indivíduos tem sido importante para avaliar o impacto das intervenções nos mais diversos serviços de saúde. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar a QV de usuários de drogas internados para tratamento em uma instituição pública de saúde na cidade de Manaus. Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativo-descritivo, de corte transversal, com 52 pacientes internados para tratamento no Centro de Reabilitação em Dependência Química Ismael Abdel Aziz (CRDQ). Foram utilizados o instrumento SF-36 e questionário sócio demográfico, aplicados em dois momentos distintos. Os dados foram analisados através dos programas estatísticos Excel 2010 (Microsoft Office Enterprise) e Statistic Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 17.0. Evidenciou-se predomínio de homens solteiros, entre 18 a 27 anos. Relataram ter o oxi como droga de dependência, seguido da cocaína, consumidos todos os dias, há pelo menos 2 anos. Referiram possuir familiar usuário de drogas, sendo os irmãos os mais citados. A QV no início do tratamento apresentou-se prejudicada, com baixos escores nos componentes físico (M=60) e (DP=17,23) e mental (M=49) e (DP=17,63). Contudo, após três meses de tratamento houve melhora significativa nos escores dos referidos componentes, para (M=88,6), (DP=10,85) e (M=82,2), (DP=16,72) respectivamente. Destacaram-se ainda os domínios capacidade funcional (M=69), (DP=18,05) e vitalidade (M=58,8), (DP=20,04), com baixos escores iniciais. Apresentando, contudo, escores mais elevados ao final do tratamento, sendo (M=95,3), (DP=9,54) e (M=86,8), (DP=13,58), respectivamente. Concluiu-se que as intervenções terapêuticas realizadas pela equipe multiprofissional contribuíram para a melhora na percepção de QV dos pacientes, bem como na adesão ao tratamento.
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Lagré, Mårten. "Varför arbetar vissa utvecklingsteam agilt med kravhantering och vissa inte? : En fallstudie på Lantmäteriet." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Informatik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-25514.
Full textAbstract:
Kravhantering inom systemutveckling utgör basen för vad som ska utvecklas. Agila systemutvecklingsmetoder blir vanligare för varje dag som går. Det har dock ofta visat sig finnas utmaningar med hur man anpassar just kravhanteringen till de agila metoderna. Verksamheter har olika förutsättningar för att arbeta agilt. Lantmäteriet i Gävle uttryckte ett behov att undersöka varför den agila praxis man hade inte följdes av alla utvecklingsteam i samband med kravhanteringen. Syftet med denna uppsats var därför att undersöka varför vissa utvecklingteam i en verksamhet arbetade agilt med sin kravhantering medan vissa inte gjorde det. För att undersöka detta utförde jag en fallstudie där jag med hjälp av enkäter och intervjuer samlade in data från både utvecklare och personer på verksamhetssidan som var inblandade i kravhanteringen. Resultaten visade att orsakerna till att en agil kravhantering fungerade så olika var flera. Genom att använda en tematisk analys kunde jag urskilja några framträdande orsaker. Kommunikation och flexibilitet samt kunskap och förståelse för olika perspektiv var teman som utgjorde positiva faktorer. De teman som istället utgjorde negativa faktorer var bland andra otydliga roller, brist på direktiv, en övertro till metoder och processer, osynk mellan verksamhet och IT, prioriteringsproblem, förvaltningsplaner, attityder och IT-arkitektur.Requirements engineering within software development is the foundation of what needs to be developed. Agile methods in software development become more common every day. It has however often been shown that there are certain challenges with how to adopt the requirements engineering to the agile methodology. Businesses have different preconditions for agile methods. Lantmäteriet in Gävle had a need to examine why not all the developing teams followed agile methods within the requirements engineering process. The purpose with this thesis was thus to examine why some developing teams in an organization worked in an agile manner with the requirements engineering, and some did not. To do this I performed a case study where I collected data through questionnaires and interviews from both developers and people from the business side. The results showed that the reasons for these differences were multiple. Communication and flexibility, and knowledge and understanding for different perspectives were the positive factors. The themes that hindered an agile way of working were, among others, unclear roles, lack of direction, too much reliance on methods and processes, discrepancy between business and IT, prioritizing issues, management plans, attitudes and IT architecture.
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Andrade, Vinícius Santos. "Análise dinâmica de uma viga engastada excitada por uma fonte não ideal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-11012010-100639/.
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Estudos sobre o comportamento dinâmico de estruturas não lineares são até os dias de hoje motivo de extensas pesquisas em todo o mundo. Desde o início do desenvolvimento da teoria das oscilações não lineares buscou-se compreender os mecanismos básicos, como perturbações que provocassem respostas complexas nas estruturas flexíveis. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo teórico e experimental do comportamento dinâmico de uma semi-asa de um avião acoplada a uma turbina com a hélice desbalanceada, esse sistema é representado através de uma viga engastada excitada por uma fonte não ideal localizada na extremidade oposta ao engaste. Entende-se como sistema não ideal aquele que considera que a excitação é influenciada pela própria resposta do sistema. Para sistemas dinâmicos não ideais, deve-se adicionar uma equação que descreva como a fonte não ideal interage com o sistema. Considera-se na equação do sistema apenas o primeiro modo de vibrar. Os resultados de simulação numérica apresentados são obtidos utilizando o software Matlab® 8.0 e o parâmetro de controle a ser analisado é o torque do motor. Os resultados que mostram o comportamento dinâmico do sistema são o histórico no tempo, plano de fase, FFT e para identificar o comportamento caótico calculam-se os expoentes de Lyapunov. O gráfico que mostra a presença do efeito Sommerfeld (salto) no sistema também é apresentado. Na parte experimental, apresenta-se todo o procedimento experimental, assim como os resultados: Histórico no tempo, plano de fase reconstruído, FFT, expoentes de Lyapunov e as análises que ilustram a presença do efeito Sommerfeld no experimento.Studies about the dynamic behaviour of nonlinear structures have been to this date subject of extensive research all around the world. Since the beginning of the development of the nonlinear oscillation theory one has tried to understand the basic mechanisms, like disruptions that would cause complex answers on flexible structures. This paper presents a theoretical and practical study of the dynamic behaviour of a semi-wing of an airplane installed on a turbine with unbalanced propellers; this system is represented through a cantilever beam excited by a non-ideal source located at the end opposite to the coupling. As a non-ideal system we mean the one that considers that the excitement is influenced by the system\'s response itself. For non-ideal dynamic systems, one must add an equation that describes how the non-ideal source interacts with the system. Only the first vibrating mode is considered in the system\'s equation. The numeric simulation results shown are obtained by using the Matlab® 8.0 software and the control parameter to be analyzed is the motor torque. The results that show the dynamic behaviour of the system are time history, phase plan, FFT and to identify the chaotic behaviour the Lyapunov\'s indexes are calculated. The graphic that shows the presence of the Sommerfeld effect (jump) in the system is also presented. In the experimental part, all the practical procedure is presented, as well as experimental results, like, for example: Time history, phase plan reconstruction, FFT, Lyapunov exponents and the analyses that illustrate the presence of the Sommerfeld effect on the experiment.
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Brito, Pedro Miguel Mascarenhas de. "Vila da Fuzeta, entre o mar e a terra. Revelar arquiteturas, percursos e horizontes lagunares." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26056.
Full textAbstract:
A Fuzeta, de remanescente cariz Mediterrânico, é uma vila do litoral
Algarvio, que vive essencialmente da proximidade entre a terra e o mar. É,
por isso, um lugar bastante desejado, tanto pela população residente, como
por forasteiros. A sua história é constantemente marcada por momentos de
grande estabilidade e prosperidade, que rapidamente se alteram, provocando
mudanças consideráveis para a população e refletindo-se numa acelerada
transformação da morfologia urbana e arquitetónica.
Caracterizado por uma forte e acelerada dinâmica natural, o território da
vila e da sua envolvente lagunar - sistema lagunar da ria formosa - convoca
intuitivamente um manancial de sensações e empatias, que convidam à
redescoberta de uma paisagem intemporal e intrinsecamente ligada à sua
génese geológica. Um sítio com uma ancestral disponibilidade de recursos
naturais, que potenciou a ocupação humana e a sua significação enquanto
lugar. Revelam-se assim valores ecológicos, ambientais e culturais de grande
riqueza e paradoxal fragilidade, que só podem ser apreendidos e invocados,
enquanto lhes for permitida a existência e conservação, num equilíbrio natural
constante.
Encarar a “efemeridade” e “dinâmica” pré-existentes, como conceitos
arquitetónicos capazes de provocar novas abordagens de projeto, validar os
saberes e a compreensão do território, e garantir a multidisciplinaridade numa
perspetiva integrada de eficiência e sustentabilidade, acaba por ser uma
grande oportunidade de derivação e reencontro com os valores intrínsecos do
lugar, permitindo assim projetar novos horizontes; ABSTRACT: Vila da Fuzeta, between sea and land.
Reveal Architectures, paths and lagoon horizons
Fuzeta, of remnant Mediterranean character, is a village on the Algarve
coast, that lives essentially from the proximity between the land and the sea.
That's why it is a place much desired by both the resident population, as well
as by outsiders. Its history is constantly marked by moments of great stability
e prosperity, which quickly change, provoking considerable changes to the
population and reflecting itself in an accelerated transformation of urban and
architectural morphology.
Characterized by a strong and accelerated natural dynamic, the village's
territory e its surrounding lagoon - Ria Formosa's lagoon system - intuitively
summons a wealth of sensations and empaths that invite the rediscovery of a
timeless landscape and intrinsically linked to its geological genesis. A site with
an ancestral availability of natural resources, which enhanced its human
occupation and its significance as a place. Ecological, environmental and
cultural values of great wealth and paradoxical fragility are revealed, which can
only be apprehended and invoked, as long as they are allowed to exist and be
preserved, in a constant natural balance.
Facing the pre-existing ephemerality and dynamics, such as
architectural concepts capable of provoking new approaches to the project,
validating the knowledge and understanding of the territory and ensuring
multidisciplinarity in an integrated perspective of efficiency and sustainability,
turns out to be a great opportunity for derivation and reunion with the intrinsic
values of the place, allowing to project new horizons.
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Becari, Christiane. "\"Caracterização funcional de vias formadoras de angiotensina II em carótidas de ratos\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17133/tde-18112004-163648/.
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Uma atividade funcional para uma via alternativa de geração de angiotensina II, como a elastase-2 foi sugerida em estudos realizados anteriormente em nosso laboratório no leito arterial mesentérico isolado de rato. No presente estudo, caracterizamos com o uso de substratos e inibidores seletivos a presença de via alternativa de geração de Ang II, independente da ECA, em carótida de ratos. Determinamos ainda a expressão do RNAm da elastase-2 nesta preparação arterial. Em anéis isolados de carótida de ratos analisamos o efeito vasoconstritor dos peptídeos Ang II, Ang I, TDP, [Pro11-D-Ala12]-Ang I (um substrato resistente a ECA) na ausência e presença de inibidores de proteases. Ang II e seus precursores produziram efeito vasoconstritor dependente da concentração em carótidas de ratos, de forma sensível ao losartan (1 M). Na presença de captopril (10 M) a resposta vasoconstritora produzida pela Ang I foi inibida, mas a resposta contrátil induzida pelo TDP e [Pro11-D-Ala12]-Ang I não foi alterada. Na presença de quimostatina (100 M) o efeito produzido pelo TDP e [Pro11-D-Ala12]-Ang I foi abolido enquanto que a curva cumulativa de Ang I foi significativamente deslocada para a direita. Inibidor Ac-AAPL-CK (seletivo para elastase-2) aboliu completamente a resposta contrátil induzida pelo PDA e não alterou o efeito vasoconstritor da Ang II. Na presença de captopril e quimostatina a resposta vasoconstritora dos peptídeos Ang I, TDP e [Pro11-D-Ala12]-Ang I foram inibidas, enquanto a resposta contrátil da Ang II não foi alterada em artéria carótida. A presença de RNAm da elastase-2 na carótida, juntamente com os dados funcionais apresentados aqui sugerem a participação desta enzima na via alternativa de geração de Ang II em carótidas de ratos. Embora a formação de Ang II a partir Ang I seja descrita como essencialmente dependente da ECA, nossos resultados sugerem a existência de vias alternativas de geração de Ang II sensível a quimostatina e Ac-AAPL-CK em artéria carótida de ratos. Muito provavelmente a elastase-2 seja a enzima responsável pela geração de Ang II nessa preparação.We have recently described a chymostatin-sensitive elastase-2 as the major angiotensin (Ang) II-forming enzyme in the perfusate of rat mesenteric arterial bed (MAB). In the present study we investigated the role of this enzyme in generating Ang II in the isolated rat carotid artery rings by analyzing the vasoconstrictor effect of Ang II, Ang I, tetradecapetide renin-substrate (TDP), [Pro11-D-Ala12]-Ang I (an ACE-resistant substrate) in the absence and presence of proteases inhibitors. Ang II and its precursors produced a dose-dependent vasoconstrictor effect in vascular preparation that was blocked by losartan (1 M). In carotid rings, captopril (10M) abolished the responses induced by Ang I but did not affect those induced by TDP and [Pro11-D-Ala12]-Ang I. In the presence of chymostatin (100 M) alone, the effects induced by [Pro11-D-Ala12]-Ang I and TDP were abolished while the concentration-response curve to Ang I was shifted to the right. Ac-AAPL-CK (selective elastase-2 inhibitor) inhibited the responses induced by [Pro11-D-Ala12]-Ang I but did not affect Ang II-induced effects. In the presence of captopril and chymostatin, the vasoconstrictor effects of Ang I, TDP, and PDA were completely blocked while those induced by Ang II were not affected in rat artery carotid. Although Ang II formation from Ang I is essentially dependent on ACE in carotid artery, our results suggest the existence of an alternative chymostatin-sensitive pathway in rat arteries, most probably involving elastase-2.
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Carvalho, Janaina Tobias de. "Comportamento dinâmico das lajes flutuantes de vias permanentes em sistemas metroferroviários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-21052015-115006/.
Full textAbstract:
A preocupação com o impacto ambiental decorrente da implantação e operação de novas linhas metroferroviárias faz com que na elaboração dos projetos de via permanente sejam frequentemente adotados sistemas amortecedores de vibrações e ruídos secundários. As vibrações em vias de metrô são causadas principalmente pelo contato roda-trilho e são propagadas pela estrutura do túnel e pelas distintas camadas de solo podendo chegar às edificações lindeiras, onde, dependendo da intensidade, provocam desconforto aos usuários da edificação e mau funcionamento de equipamentos. Uma solução de atenuação largamente empregada atualmente em locais críticos é o \"sistema massa mola\". O sistema \"massa mola\" é composto por lajes de concreto armado, denominadas lajes flutuantes, apoiadas sobre materiais resilientes. De forma geral, quanto menor a frequência natural deste sistema, maior a atenuação das vibrações. No entanto, a utilização de apoios excessivamente flexíveis para obtenção de baixas frequências pode acarretar problemas operacionais em função de deslocamentos e acelerações excessivos das lajes flutuantes. Este projeto tem como objetivo o estudo do comportamento dinâmico das lajes flutuantes de concreto armado utilizadas em sistemas \"massa mola\" principalmente com relação à atenuação de vibrações e nível de vibrações na via permanente durante a passagem dos trens metropolitanos. A avaliação foi realizada utilizando modelos numéricos calibrados com dados experimentais obtidos nas linhas do Metrô de São Paulo.Deploying and operating subway lines cause growing concern about environmental impact, making necessary in new lines projects the adoption of damping systems for no propagation of noise and vibration arising from traffic from trains. The vibrations in a subway track are mainly caused by wheel-rail contact and are propagated by tunnel structure and soil layers, reaching the neighboring buildings and causing annoyance residents in building. Equipment failures represent a consequence as well. A mitigation solution widely employed in critical locations is the known \"mass spring system\". The \"mass spring system\" system is composed of reinforced concrete slabs, so called floating slabs, resting on resilient materials. In general, greater attenuation of vibrations can be attained with lower natural frequency of system. However, the use of flexible supports for obtaining excessively low frequencies can cause operational problems due to excessive accelerations and displacements of the floating slab. This project aims to study the dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete floating slabs used in systems\' mass spring particularly with respect to mitigating vibrations and level of vibrations during the passage of the commuter trains. The evaluation was performed using numerical models calibrated with experimental data obtained in the lines of the São Paulo Metro.
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Yuan, Yulan. "Vista scenic beauty estimation model: An application of integrating neural net and geographic information system." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278676.
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There are some issues that have to be addressed for further understanding and improving scenic beauty management. First, the conventional model, preference rating based on fixed scene and direction, may not sufficiently reflect the reality of visual experience. Rather, visual and scenic preference is construed of a spatial experience. Second, the predictors are chosen based on measuring the composition of landscape features shown in the image. The measurement may not necessarily represent the contents of the physical environment. Third, judgements of scenic preference are complicated tasks. Simple linear regression analysis, with limited degree of freedom and some statistical constraints, may not represent the complexity of human judgments. An integrated model was developed by integrating the Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) model (Terry, 1976), the geographic information system (GIS) and, the artificial neural network (ANN). The results suggested the integrated model might be utilized as an automatic scenic preference mechanism for policy making. Implications for future research are also suggested.
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Forsgren, Olov. "Samskapande datortillämpningar : en systemteoretisk ansats för lösning av vissa förändringsproblem vid administrativ datoranvändning." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 1988. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-66934.
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This thesis starts by observing a change problem in a medical computer application. The change problem occurs when data and rules that make up the core of a computer application, degenerate. Sometimes the process is slow, but it is not unusual for the application to be out of date even before it has been put into use. The aim of this work is to develop a theoretical framework in which it is possible to formulate the change problem such that it becomes more accessible for conscious consideration and a base for design principles. Accordingly, the thesis follows a theoretical approach. In order to place the work in a historical perspective, some major lines of research in administrative data processing are outlined. The change problem has led the author to investigate the birth and change of facts. The result of this investigation is that two fundamental points of view can be identified. One is closely related to a view of knowledge that is characteristic of the age of enlightenment. The basic idea in this "depictive" view is that facts are more or less depictions of reality. The other point of view can be associated with philosophers such as Kant and Hegel. The fundamental idea in this "constructive" view is that facts are related to measuring systems that are created by man. The constructive view is developed to include computer applications, encompassing a concept with seven key elements. To demonstrate the usefulness of the concept, two case studies are discussed: a computer aided travel agency and the argumentation around a computer aided social research project. An attempt is then made to use the constructive view as an approach to the change problem. One important result of this work is that the change problem shifts into a problem of justice. The conclusion is that a depictive view of facts gives theoretical support for transforming every human activity into deterministic machinery. When this fails, we experience a change problem. A constructive view of facts gives theoretical support for participation in a redesigning process. When this fails we experience a problem of injustice among clients. Following that conclusion, one way to approach the injustice problem is to encourage clients to take part in a continuous reconstruction of the activity. This is the same thing as looking for solutions to the change problem. The focus of the thesis then turns to different strategies to encourage clients to participate in the reconstructive work, which is also knovyn as the question of implementation. The following complementary strategies for implementation are considered: The Metaphorical Strategy, the Heuristic Strategy, the Documentation Strategy, the Computer Application Strategy, the Education Strategy. These strategies are then applied to the first mentioned medical computer application. The thesis concludes with some outlines for further research and some fundamental questions conceiving constructive computer applications. These questions focused on the necessity for further work on ethical aspects of a constructive view.digitalisering@umu
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Carvalho, Clarissa Andrade. "A vida de pessoas cegas em Aracaju." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18032.
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Previous issue date: 2010-06-09The present study reports a social experience involving blind people in Aracaju and was carried out from 2004 to 2009. This research related knowing how they organize their lives with regards to: representations, feelings, values, the belonging network and historic action. Starting from the principal that any blind person, as well as any other person, should have the possibility of leading a life of their own, and therefore ought to rely on support from the State and Society, as much as in meeting their essential needs, such as safe feeding, dwelling, education, transport, leisure, engineering and proper urban spaces, as in taking part in the socioeconomic, cultural and political organization of the country, through work and other creative activities. All subjects within this study have acquired blindness and this study derived from people s own understanding. The theoretical perspective is well-founded upon Edward Palmer Thompson, who places the subject in the center of the historical process, and regards their action as a response to their needs, which outlines their way of life. This study encompasses a qualitative approach, and life history was its methodological tool for data gathering. While depicting the ways and means by which these people organize their lives, socially interacting, constructing their practices and identities, I well hope to contribute toward improving protection and promotion measures currently adopted in Aracaju concerning this social segment
Este é um estudo sobre a experiência social de pessoas cegas em Aracaju, realizado no período de 2004 a 2009. Com esta pesquisa quis conhecer o modo como organizam suas vidas: representações, sentimentos, valores, rede de pertencimento e agir histórico. Parto do princípio de que toda pessoa cega, assim como as demais pessoas, deve ter a possibilidade de conduzir sua própria vida e de que, para isso, deve contar com o apoio do Estado e da Sociedade; tanto no atendimento das suas necessidades essenciais como segurança alimentar, moradia, saúde, educação, transporte, lazer, engenharia e espaços urbanos adequados, bem como sua participação na organização socioeconômica, política e cultural do país, através do trabalho e de outras atividades criativas. Todas as pessoas desse estudo têm cegueira adquirida e este trabalho parte da compreensão das próprias pessoas. A perspectiva teórica fundamenta-se em Edward Palmer Thompson, que traz o sujeito para o centro do processo histórico e a sua ação em resposta às necessidades, e é esta ação que delineia o seu modo de vida. É um estudo de abordagem qualitativa e a ferramenta metodológica, para a coleta de dados, foi a história de vida. Ao mostrar os meios e os modos com os quais essas pessoas organizam suas vidas, interagindo socialmente, construindo seus fazeres e as suas identidades, espero contribuir para o aprimoramento das medidas de proteção e promoção ora adotadas, em Aracaju, para este segmento social
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Ali, Myzoon. "The Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA) : promulgation of a clinical trial resource." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/509/.
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Abstract Chapter 1 provides an introduction to stroke including its current prevalence both nationally and globally, aetiology, global importance and social & financial burden. We also describe here current acute stroke management practices, the role of clinical trials in the development of therapies, the richness of data within clinical trials and changes in regulatory thinking regarding data access. We provide recommendations for the use of trial data for novel exploratory investigations of clinical trial design and epidemiological studies. In Chapter 2 we describe the establishment of the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA) to address the need for reliable data on which to plan future clinical trials. This chapter details the methodology and logistics of establishing the resource, including details of regulatory policy for data collection and use, establishment of a Steering Committee and development of a constitution to safeguard data access and use. As of June 2008, VISTA contains 28 acute stroke clinical trials and one acute stroke registry. We collated data on over 27,500 patients with either ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. Patient age ranges from 18 to 103 years and outcome measures include Barthel Index, Scandinavian Stroke Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Orgogozo Scale, and modified Rankin Scale. Medical history and onset to treatment times are readily available and computed tomography (CT) lesion data are available for selected trials. We discuss the establishment and potential uses of this resource in the context of existing stroke resources. Chapter 3 demonstrates how we utilised VISTA to investigate natural history patterns in acute stroke. There are prominent differences in stroke incidence and outcome across different geographical locations; these are not confined to the Eastern- Western axis. We aimed to examine whether there were any differences in index stroke severity, stroke risk factors, and stroke outcome between geographical locations, after adjusting for case-mix. We found that patients who were enrolled in the USA and Canada had the worst index strokes, whilst patients enrolled in Austria and Switzerland had the mildest index stroke, and better functional (p=0.023) and neurological outcome (p=0.034) at 90 days. 90 –day survival was greater in patients who were enrolled in Spain and Portugal (p<0.0001). Chapter 4 demonstrates the use of VISTA to inform stroke clinical trial design by examining the impact of early follow up on adverse event and functional outcome profiles. We aimed to assess the contribution of adverse complications unrelated to stroke, to 30 and 90- day functional outcome. If fewer ‘stroke-unrelated’ adverse events were seen at later time points, and if the absence of these events appeared to influence functional outcome, then further investigation into shortening the follow up period of clinical trials with a view to minimizing complications may be warranted. We identified idiopathic post-stroke complications (deemed to be ‘stroke- unrelated’) but their absence did not beneficially alter outcome at either 30 days (p<0.0001, adjusted OR for good outcome =0.47, 95% CI [0.26, 0.67]), or 90 days (p=0.002, adjusted OR for good outcome =0.38, 95% CI [0.14, 0.61]). We concluded that shortening the follow up period with the aim of minimizing ‘stroke-unrelated’ complications did not benefit functional outcome, however further investigation is required. Chapter 5 illustrates the use of VISTA to investigate the natural history of complications after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Treatments available for ICH remain limited. The use of haemostatic agents to promote local coagulation has had no significant benefit on outcome. However promising results from a subgroup analysis of patients from the FAST trial has raised the possibility of treatment with recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) in patients with ICH. We sought to document the natural history of complications after ICH in order to inform safety in future trials of haemostatic agents for ICH. We found that the risk of thromboembolic complications after ICH was low (4 events affecting 2% of patients). The absence of these thromboembolic complications did not significantly affect the attainment of good functional outcome (p>0.05). The occurrence of haemorrhagic expansion was common, affecting 14% of patients, and significantly influenced attainment of good functional outcome at 90 days (p= p<0.0001, adjusted odds ratio for good functional outcome=21.9, 95% confidence interval [5.5, 88.3]). Although infection occurred in 11% of patients, this did not significantly influence attainment of good functional outcome at 90 days (p=0.8). The complications encountered in this investigation and their time to onset will serve to inform prophylaxis in future ICH clinical trials. Chapter 6 describes the processes involved in drug development from phase I, first- in – man studies to phase III efficacy trials and identifies a key area in the drug development process where use of VISTA as a historical comparator resource could be of benefit: phase II studies. We detail here the types of conventional comparator groups available for use in a phase II investigation, advantages and disadvantages of using each of these comparator groups, the potential for use of historical comparators in some scenarios where use of conventional comparator groups is infeasible, and possible solutions to address the limitations associated with use of historical comparators. Chapter 7 illustrates the use of VISTA as a resource for historical comparators in the context of an acute stroke device trial conducted by a small company with limited resources. BrainsGate, the manufacturers of the NeuroPath™ Device for treatment of ischaemic stroke, sought to collaborate with the VISTA group to examine initial efficacy of their device against outcomes derived from VISTA historical comparators. We discuss the example of this device in early phase testing, where VISTA was primed for use as a resource for historical comparators. We also describe the limitations associated with the use of historical comparators, how these limitations could be overcome in practice through use of matched patients, implementation of strict eligibility criteria and use of similar follow up periods and stroke scales, as well as the measures taken to ensure the validity of results. Chapter 8 describes a collaboration with the DESTINY trial group to investigate stroke outcomes after malignant middle cerebral artery occlusion (mMCAO). The DESTINY trial examined the impact of decompressive hemicraniectomy on outcome after mMCAO, compared with randomised controls. We compared the outcomes of operated patients from the DESTINY trial with historical comparators from VISTA to determine whether the findings could be replicated and if historical comparators could be used as an alternative in a situation where a randomised controlled trial (RCT) is infeasible or unethical. We found that fewer patients in the VISTA comparator group achieved a good functional outcome by mRS at final follow up (19%), when compared with the DESTINY surgical group (47%, Chi- Square test p=0.04). This difference persisted after adjusting for baseline NIHSS (logistic regression p=0.04). Analysis of Barthel Index at final follow up revealed no significant difference between the two groups and we also found no difference in 6 month survival rates between the surgical and VISTA comparator groups (Cox Proportional Hazards model p>0.05). We concluded that for effective replication of results, the database from which historical comparators are to be drawn should cover a similar or broader spectrum of patient prognostic factors. Chapter 9 discusses the implications of the investigations described in this thesis, outlines the scope for expanding the resource and proposes areas for future research.
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Cruz, Isabel Maria dos Santos, Maria Teresa Galvão Dias, and Teresa Sá Marques. "The application of GIS in the definition of DRT System : Case Study of Vila de Conde." Master's thesis, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/20326.
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Cruz, Isabel Maria dos Santos, Maria Teresa Galvão Dias, and Teresa Sá Marques. "The application of GIS in the definition of DRT System : Case Study of Vila de Conde." Dissertação, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2009. http://aleph.letras.up.pt/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&request=000196656.
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Ildefonso, Jesner Sereni. "Proposta de um sistema de gerência para vias férreas brasileiras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-10042013-112327/.
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O sistema ferroviário brasileiro é constituído por uma malha de aproximadamente 30 mil quilômetros de ferrovias, nas quais percorrem mais de 2,9 mil locomotivas e 92 mil vagões, responsáveis pelo transporte de cerca 23% da carga do país; a matriz de transportes está distorcida, uma vez que nos países desenvolvidos esse modo responde por cerca de 40% da carga transportada. A manutenção de via permanente responde por 12% a 30% do custo de operação de uma via férrea e nas ferrovias brasileiras, esse gasto ficou em torno de 300 milhões de dólares no ano de 2000, evidenciando que simples melhorias no modo como as manutenções são realizadas, implicam em grande economia para o setor. Há basicamente três tipos de manutenções passíveis de serem executadas: manutenção corretiva, manutenção preventiva e manutenção preditiva. Com o uso da gerência de vias férreas é possível determinar qual manutenção é a mais apropriada e quando se deve executá-la, de forma a utilizar os recursos financeiros disponíveis da melhor forma possível. O foco desta pesquisa está no estudo da via férrea com relação à geometria e à condição estrutural dos elementos da superestrutura e, para isso, são propostos métodos de gerência e índices de qualidade para ambos os casos.The Brazilian railway system consists of a network of approximately 30,000 kilometers, which runs a fleet of more than 2,900 locomotives and 92,000 wagons, transporting approximately 23% of the load of the country, while in developed countries this mode accounts for about 40% of the cargo. The track maintenance accounts for 12% to 30% of the cost of operating and the cost was around $ 300 million in 2000 at railroads in Brazil, showing that simple improvements in the way maintenance are performed, imply great savings for the industry. There are basically three types of maintenance that can be performed: corrective maintenance, preventive maintenance and predictive maintenance. Using the management of railways is possible to determine which is most appropriate maintenance and when to run it in order to use the available resources in the best way possible. The main goal of this research is to study the rail with respect to geometry and structural condition of the elements of the superstructure and to this are proposed methods for management and quality indexes for both cases.
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Yang, Hyung Suk. "Large-scale silicon system technologies: through-silicon vias, mechanically flexible interconnects, and positive self-alignment structures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52983.
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A novel large-scale silicon system platform with 9.6cm² of active silicon interposer area is demonstrated. The platform contains three interposer tiles and two silicon bridges, and a novel self-alignment technology utilizing positive self-alignment structures (PSAS) and a novel mechanically flexible interconnect (MFI) technology are developed and used to align and interconnect tiles and bridges on an FR4 substrate. An accurate alignment < 8μm between silicon bridges and interposer tiles makes it possible to accommodate nanophotonics to enable a high bandwidth and low-energy system in the future. In addition, mechanically flexible interconnects and silicon bridges are used to provide electrical connections between interposer tiles without having to use motherboard-level interconnects. Finally, an elastomeric bump interposer is developed to enable the packaging of PSAS-enabled silicon systems, and PSAS' compatibility with a thermo-compression bonding process is demonstrated to enable a wide range of system configurations involving interposer tiles and bridges, including the multi-chip package configuration used with the elastomeric bump interposers.
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Simão, Ailon do Vale. "Juventude em discurso : histórias de vida de jovens aprisionados, no município de Cáceres/MT." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/94738.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e descrever histórias de vidas de jovens presos ou internados, por acusação de consumo e tráfico de drogas ilícitas e outros crimes relacionados, moradores da cidade de Cáceres, Estado de Mato Grosso. Foram analisados: os perfis desses jovens; os possíveis fatores que contribuíram para os atos supostamente praticados; a forma como se estruturam os respectivos núcleos familiares; as possíveis relações entre drogas, atos de violência praticados e sofridos por eles; as ações e as políticas públicas, no município de Cáceres, voltadas para atender as necessidades dos meninos, particularmente daqueles em situação de maior vulnerabilidade; as experiências vivenciadas por eles no processo de aprisionamento; os estigmas da prisão, que passam a ser parte integrante de suas vidas, mesmo após o cumprimento das penas. O corpus analítico do trabalho constituiu-se de observações diretas nas instituições onde os jovens estavam presos ou internados; entrevistas e conversas informais com os sujeitos da pesquisa e seus parentes; entrevistas com promotores de justiça, delegados de polícia, juízes de direito, advogados, defensores públicos, agentes policiais e carcerários, psicólogos, educadores, diretores da prisão e do centro sócio-educativo, além de outros profissionais com os quais os referidos jovens tiveram contato. Foram utilizadas também peças de inquéritos policiais e de processos judiciais, nos quais estavam registrados fragmentos de relatos das trajetórias de vida daqueles sujeitos. As inspirações teóricas e metodológicas foram as ferramentas desenvolvidas por Michel Foucault e outros estudiosos do filósofo. Foram entrevistados 25 jovens, acusados de envolvimento com o consumo e o tráfico de drogas e práticas criminais correlatas. Duas dessas histórias de vidas, consideradas mais representativas, foram analisadas e descritas de forma mais aprofundada. Na análise, foram considerados: estrutura e funcionamento dos núcleos familiares; experiências escolares; possíveis causas que contribuíram para o envolvimento com as drogas ilícitas; o cotidiano na prisão. Discutiu-se, também, de que forma o estigma da prisão continua a acompanhá-los, mesmo depois de terem cumprido suas penas. A pesquisa demonstrou que o consumo e o tráfico de drogas têm implicações para os jovens e para as pessoas com as quais eles convivem, especialmente para aquelas que compõem os seus núcleos familiares. Os jovens são aliciados por líderes de "quadrilhas" e acabam se transformando em “operários” do tráfico e “trabalhadores” do crime organizado; a maioria abandona as escolas no início do Ensino Fundamental; muitos são presos e encaminhados para o sistema prisional; outros são mortos na “guerra do tráfico” e até mesmo pelos agentes dos órgãos da segurança pública do Estado. Argumento, ainda, que as subjetividades e as identidades destes jovens são constituídas no interior das redes discursivas das áreas dos saberes jurídicos, pedagógicos, psicológicos, médicos, entre outras áreas do conhecimento.The present work aims to analyze and describe life stories from young people, 15-29 years old, accused of consumption and trafficking of illicit drugs and related crimes, that reside in Cáceres town, Mato Grosso State, who were jailed or detained for these acts. It was analyzed: their profiles; possible factors that contributed to become involved with illicit drugs and to commit other offenses, how are structured the households, the relationship between the use of illicit drugs and acts of violence committed and suffered by them; actions and public policies developed in the city of Cáceres, geared to meet their needs, particularly those who are the most vulnerable; their experiences on the imprisonment process; stigmas that continue making part of their, even after they have left prison. The analytical corpus of work was constituted by means of direct observations in institutions where young people were arrested or detained, interviews and informal conversations with the individuals and their relatives. Interviews with prosecutors, police officers, court judges, lawyers, public defenders, police and prison officers, psychologists, teachers, prison and socio-educational centers’ directors and other professionals with whom these young people had contact. Parts of police investigations and court proceedings, in which were recorded fragments of life trajectories of these support used in the study were the tools developed by Michel Foucault and the scholars of his thought. In the survey were interviewed 25 young people accused of involvement with the consumption and trafficking of illicit drugs and related criminal activities. Two of these life stories, considered the most representative, were analyzed and described more thoroughly – Case I and Case II. In the analysis were considered: the structure and functioning of these young household; their school experiences; possible causes that contributed to involvement with illicit drugs, the experiences in prison. It was also analyzed how the stigma of prison continues to follow them after they have completed their sentences. Research has shown that the consumption and trafficking of drugs have implications for young people and for the people with whom they live, especially for those people who make up the core of the family. These young people are lured by the leaders of the gangs and become “workers” of trafficking and “workers” of organized crime, mostly abandoned schools still in the early elementary school, many of them are arrested and sent to the prison system, others are killed in the “drug war” and even by the agents of the State public security institutions. It is also discussed about the subjectivities and identities of these young people which are made up of numerous nicknames like “junkies”, drugged and others derogatory nicknames, that are instituted within the discursive networks in the areas of knowledge like social sciences, legal, educational, psychological and medical, among others areas.
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Felix, Érico Pessoa. "Análise de confiabilidade de sistemas eletrônicos complexos baseada em ensaios acelerados de vida." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-09052007-172853/.
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O objetivo deste estudo é desenvolver um método para avaliar a confiabilidade de sistemas eletrônicos complexos. A análise proposta baseia-se na aplicação de ensaios de confiabilidade e de normas técnicas, bem como modelos matemáticos para estimação da vida operacional. Os ensaios de confiabilidade executados nesse estudo simulam condições operacionais mais severas que as usualmente enfrentadas pelo sistema, a fim de reduzir o tempo de execução dos ensaios. Ao longo destes, foram coletados os tempos até a falha de diversas amostras do sistema, os quais são submetidas a diferentes condições de operação. O planejamento das variáveis que aceleram os principais modos de falha de componentes eletrônicos e os perfis de solicitação empregados também são discutidos, sendo consideradas as mais importantes a temperatura e a umidade. Através da aplicação de modelos matemáticos para predição da vida nas condições normais de operação, dadas as ocorrências de falhas nas condições aceleradas, a confiabilidade e o tempo médio até a falha são determinados para a central telefônica estudada, tomada como exemplo na aplicação do método. Adicionalmente aos ensaios são desenvolvidas estimativas da confiabilidade da central telefônica através da norma militar US MIL-HDBK-217 F (1991). Os resultados destas estimativas são utilizados para comparação e confirmação dos resultados obtidos através dos ensaios. Destaca-se que os métodos descritos neste texto não são restritos a aplicação em centrais telefônicas analógicas, mas podem ser empregados a uma grande família de equipamentos eletrônicos de complexidade tecnológica semelhante.This research aims to develop a method to evaluate the reliability of complex electronic systems. The analysis proposed is based on application of reliability laboratory tests, technical standards and mathematical models to estimate the system operational life. Reliability tests proposed simulate harder operational conditions than those usually faced by the system, aiming to reduce the time of execution. During the tests, time to failure of several samples are collected. Those samples are submitted to different environmental conditions. Selection of variables that accelerate the main failure modes of electronic components and the load profiles used are also analyzed, considering humidity and temperature the most important variables for failure acceleration. The proposed model is used to estimate the reliability and the mean time to failure of an analog PABX, those values being generated by the application of mathematical models for life prediction in the usage operation condition, given the accelerated reliability estimate. Additionally to the tests, a reliability estimation of the PABX central is done using US MIL-HDBK-217 F (1991). Results are used to compare and to validate the reliability value evaluated through the accelerated tests. It is important to emphasize that the application of the methods described in this present text is not restricted to analog PABX systems, being applied to a wide range of electronic equipments with similar technological complexity.
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Sampaio, Clarissa Magalhães Rodrigues. "“Identidade na vida adulta: a singularização da experiência”." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19383.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This research introduces a proposal of understanding the construction of the adult identity in the contemporary world, in a context of multiple social and cultural transformations marked, above all, by the technology development and the democratization of intimate relationships. Within the Systemic Psychology framework, the study followed a mixed method, quanti-qualitative, therefore divided into two distinct phases. The first one, quantitative, had the participation of 64 individuals from 25 to 34 years old, from both genders, with an online questionnaire taken as a data collect procedure. The second one, qualitative, was headed with the use of semi-structured interviews with six collaborators from the previous phase, chosen according to their “self-concept”. The results indicated that this dynamic and fluid character that surrounds the experiences of becoming and being an adult, along with the individualization of the projects of life, puts into question some traditional criteria of adulthood legitimation, such as marriage, parenting, and the leaving of parents’ house, giving space to experiences of adult identity construction based on the development of psychosocial abilities, mainly the ethic responsibility and the autonomy. In a society governed by the combination of productivity and consumption, being financially independent remains as an important source of validation of the adult condition, yet in a “re-signified” way, in which the self-sufficiency gives way to intergenerational relations of support and partnership. Formerly a phenomenon legitimated by concrete experiences designed in order to meet preestablished social expectations, such as getting married and having children, the construction of identity in adulthood turns out to be a continuously revised and updated process, emerged from reflections and self-organizations, with the autonomous responsibility taken as the keyelement for the social recognition of this construction
Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de compreensão da construção da identidade adulta na contemporaneidade, em um contexto de intensas transformações sociais e culturais marcadas, sobretudo, pelo desenvolvimento tecnológico e pela democratização nas relações de intimidade. Com aporte teórico na Psicologia Sistêmica, a pesquisa foi delineada com base em um método misto, quanti-qualitativo, sendo, portanto, realizada em duas fases. A primeira, quantitativa, contou com a participação de 64 indivíduos entre 25 e 34 anos, de ambos os sexos, tendo-se como procedimento de coleta de dados um questionário disponibilizado online. A segunda, qualitativa, realizou-se por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis colaboradores da fase anterior, escolhidos em função de seu autoconceito. Os resultados indicaram que a dinamicidade e a fluidez inscritas neste novo cenário que ambienta experiências de tornar-se e ser adulto, conjugadas à individualização dos projetos de vida, põem em questão critérios tradicionais de legitimação da adultez, como o casamento, a parentalidade e a saída da casa dos pais, dando lugar a experiências de construção da identidade adulta pautadas no desenvolvimento de habilidade psicossociais, especialmente a responsabilidade ética e a autonomia. Em uma sociedade regida pelo duo produção-consumo, a independência financeira mantem-se como importante fonte de validação da condição adulta, porém de forma ressignificada, na qual a autossuficiência cede lugar a relações intergeracionais de apoio e parceria. Antes um fenômeno cuja legitimação se traduzia em experiências concretas que atendiam a expectativas sociais prescritivas, como casar-se e ter filhos, a construção da identidade na adultez passa a configurar-se como um processo continuamente revisado e atualizado, emergente de reflexões e auto-organizações, sendo a responsabilidade autônoma o elemento-chave para o reconhecimento social dessa construção
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Dutra, Ana Carolina. "Impactos ambientais de uma unidade agropecuária estimados pela avaliação do ciclo de vida." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153665.
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Com o passar dos anos, o desenvolvimento tecnológico e científico vem evoluindo rapidamente, levando a um aumento de consumo de matéria, recursos naturais e energia, além da geração de resíduos, emissões atmosféricas e efluentes. Dessa forma, políticas públicas e normas foram criadas para evitar, diminuir e mitigar impactos ambientais negativos resultantes de atividades antropogênicas. Nesse contexto, emergiu o pensamento do ciclo de vida, em que são analisados todos os impactos ambientais gerados por um processo ou produto desde a extração da matéria-prima até a disposição final. Como consequência, têm-se a ferramenta de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), a qual pode ser aplicada a inúmeros processos. Dessa forma, esse trabalho objetivou estimar os potenciais impactos ambientais gerados em uma unidade agropecuária multifuncional sob a perspectiva de ciclo de vida e a construção de um inventário de ciclo de vida (ICV) a partir dos aspectos ambientais pertinentes à unidade em estudo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Divisão de Produção Rural (DPR) da Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo, em Araçoiaba da Serra, a partir de sua divisão em subsistemas de acordo com as funções desempenhadas. Utilizou-se o software SimaPro para a inserção do ICV, o qual possui bases de dados contendo diversos aspectos ambientais, para a construção do ciclo de vida e cálculo dos potenciais impactos ambientais pelo método Eco-Indicator 99(H). Dentre as atividades desenvolvidas (educação ambiental, conservação e reprodução animal, produção agrícola e atividades de cunho administrativos), teve-se que os impactos ambientais da produção agrícola representaram 65,2% dos impactos globais da unidade no ano de 2016, sendo a maior parte influenciada pelo transporte semanal de produtos agrícolas. Destacam-se ainda os impactos ambientais decorrentes do cenário de destino final de todas as atividades, correspondendo ao deslocamento de resíduos não reciclados, principalmente resíduo orgânico e embalagens do tipo isopor, somando 53% dos impactos globais e fazendo com que a categoria de impacto ambiental mais influenciada fosse a de consumo de combustíveis fósseis. Estimandose um cenário de melhoria, encontra-se na compostagem de resíduos orgânicos a chance de diminuição de cerca de 10,3% dos impactos ambientais existentes em relação ao cenário original.
Over the years, technological and scientific development has evolved rapidly, leading to an increase in the consumption of matter, natural resources and energy, as well as the generation of waste, atmospheric emissions and effluents. In this way, public policies and norms were created to avoid, decrease and mitigate negative environmental impacts resulting from anthropogenic activities. In this context, life cycle thinking has emerged, in which all the environmental impacts generated by a process or product, from extraction of the raw material to disposal of residuals, are analyzed. As a consequence, there is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), an environmental management tool applied to various processes. This work aimed to estimate the potential environmental impacts generated in a multifunctional agricultural unit under the life cycle perspective and the construction of a life cycle inventory (LCI) from relevant resources for the unit studied. This research was developed in the Division of Rural Production (DRP) of the São Paulo Zoo Foundation, in Araçoiaba da Serra, dividing the unit in subsystems according to its functions. The SimaPro software, which has databases of different environmental aspects, was used to insert the LCI, the construction of the life cycle and the calculation of the potential environmental impacts by the Eco-Indicator 99(H) method. Among the activities carried out (environmental education, animal conservation and breeding, agricultural production and administrative activities), environmental impacts of agricultural production accounted for 65.2% of the total impacts of the unit in 2016, mostly influenced by the weekly transport of agricultural products. The environmental impacts from the disposal scenario of all activities are also highlighted, accounting for 53% of the global impacts and corresponding to the displacement of non-recycled waste, mainly organic waste and styrofoam packaging, implying consumption of fossil fuels the most influenced impact category. Estimating an improvement scenario, the organic decomposition of organic waste can decrease about 10.3% of environmental impacts in relation to the original scenario.
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Morampudi, Rajesh. "Development of A High Resolution Wavelength Filter and A Spatially Multiplexed Raman Imaging System." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1429127073.
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Criscuolo, Cristina. "Qualidade de vida em cidades turísticas: o exemplo de Itanhaém/SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-22122015-165800/.
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Este trabalho tem por objetivo principal contribuir para o estudo de cidades turísticas ao apresentar a metodologia para avaliação da qualidade de vida dos habitantes destas localidades. Aborda o caso específico de Itanhaém - cidade localizada no litoral Sul do estado de São Paulo. A metodologia proposta nesse trabalho foi elaborada a partir do cruzamento de dados em um sistema de informação geográfica, obtidos por meio de entrevistas de campo, estatísticas oficiais e interpretação de fotografias aéreas. Para a sobreposição e análise dos dados atribuiram-se pesos diferenciados aos indicadores, considerando a avaliação da população segundo as propriedades locais na questão da qualidade de vida urbana. A sobreposição dos dados em sistema de informação geográfica culminou na elaboração de um mapa síntese de qualidade de vida, a partir do qual, tornou-se possível identificar a distribuição espacial dos elementos disponíveis aos habitantes, ao longo dos bairros analisados. A partir da análise da distribuição desigual dos indicadores de qualidade de vida pode-se evidenciar as áreas prioritárias em investimentos intra-urbanos, constituindo-se em ferramenta voltada para o planejamento local.This work has as its main objective to contribute to the study of touristic cities by presenting the methodology for the evaluation of the quality of life of the inhabitants of those localities. It refers to the specific case of Itanhaém - a city located on the south coast bf the state of São Paulo. The methodology proposed in this work was elaborated from the data crossing in geographic information system, obtained through field interviews, official statistics and the interpretation of aerial photographs. Differential weights were attributed to the indicators for the crossing and analysis of the data, considering the evaluation of the population according to the local priorities in the issue of quality ofurban life. The data crossing in geographical information system culminated m the development of a synthesis map of quality of life, from which it was made possible to identify the spatial distribution of the elements available to the inhabitants, along the analysed neighbourhood. Based on the analysis of the unequal distribution of the indicators of quality of life it is possible to make evident the priority areas in intraurban investments, which constitutes a tool for the local planning.
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Cresci, David John. "On-wafer characterization of ground vias in multilayer FR-4 printed circuit boards at RF/microwave frequencies." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15806.
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Vidal, Carolina Darrigo. "The proposal of total mission analysis for space system." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2011. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2017.
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This dissertation presents a method for space system mission analysis. It is based on a new systems engineering approach namely "Enhanced Total View Framework (ETVF)", which seeks the concurrent development of the product and organizations involved. ETVF is also described in this dissertation and as the name suggests it is an enhancement of the "Total View Framework". The proposed method for space system mission analysis is called "Total Mission Analysis for Space System (TMASS)". It takes into account all space system life cycle, from the time the space system is qualified for use or operation to the time it is decommissioned or disposed of. Indeed, TMASS encompasses all the high-level procedures before, during and after the space system launching and operational phases. It includes space system non-operational and operational processes, comprising the development of the whole system where the space system is inserted. TMASS is applied to the Mission Analysis of the SARA Suborbital System. The results obtained by using the traditional approach are briefly compared with the results obtained by using the proposed method. TMASS is supposed to be applied in the earlier phase of a space system development. In addition, ETVF and TMASS intents are also to revive the logic behind the systems engineering activity which with time has become only a formality.
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Almeida, Ricardo Venescau de Oliveira. "ConcepÃÃo de Modelos de AvaliaÃÃo de CondiÃÃes de Rolamento e indicaÃÃo de PriorizaÃÃo de Vias como Etapas de um Sistema de GerÃncia de Vias nÃo Pavimentadas." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=370.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorEsse trabalho tem como intuito auxiliar na concepÃÃo de um Sistema de GerÃncia de Pavimentos â SGP, especÃfico para estradas de terra, contribuindo no desenvolvimento de duas etapas. A primeira, consiste na adaptaÃÃo de um mÃtodo norte-americana de avaliaÃÃo de condiÃÃes de rolamento de superfÃcies nÃo pavimentadas para ser utilizada em estradas de terra no municÃpio de Aquiraz, no Estado do CearÃ. A segunda, visa aplicar um mÃtodo, baseado em metodologia multicritÃrio de apoio à decisÃo (MCDA), no processo de priorizaÃÃo de estradas de terra considerando um conjunto de variÃveis que influenciam no funcionamento daquelas vias. O mÃtodo para priorizaÃÃo aplica o Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP a partir de entrevistas com profissionais de engenharia, especializados na concepÃÃo e anÃlise de projetos viÃrios, divididas em cinco grupos, de acordo com a atuaÃÃo profissional: grupo de alunos de mestrado, grupo de mestres em engenharia de transportes, grupo de professores universitÃrios, grupo de funcionÃrios pÃblicos do Departamento de EdificaÃÃes, Rodovias e Transportes - DERT e grupo de consultores. Para auxiliar na aplicaÃÃo do AHP foi utilizado o software Expert Choice, o qual facilitou o cÃlculo da consistÃncia lÃgica das matrizes de comparaÃÃo e indicou, atravÃs de anÃlise de sensibilidade, a ordem de prioridade para intervenÃÃo nas vias estudadas do municÃpio de Aquiraz, no CearÃ
This work aims to contribute to the conception of a Pavement Management System (PMS) focusing unpaved roads. The evaluation approach involves two stages: the first one consists in the adaptation of an evaluation methodology created to the North America road surface conditions. That modified methodology was used in unpaved roads in the district of Aquiraz, in the State of CearÃ, northeastern Brazil. The second stage aims at applying a multicriteria decision support method (MDSM) in the process of ranking maintenance investments in unpaved roads taking into consideration a group of key variables that were expected to influence the operation of those roads. The ranking method is supported by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and it is based on interviews with engineering professionals specialized in the design and analysis of roadway projects. Those professionals were divided into five groups according to their professional skills: a group of students of a M.Sc. Course in Transportation Engineering; a group of professionals who already have obtained the M.Sc. degree in Transportation Engineering; a group of University lecturers; a group of professionals of the Department of Building, Roads and Transportation, of the Cearà State; and a group of consulting engineers. The Expert Choice Software was used to help in the application of AHP, mainly in the task of determining the logical consistency of the comparison matrices as well as in using sensibility analysis to find the most probable order of priority for maintenance investments in some roads of the study area
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Lobo, Edileuza Santana. "A escola por trás dos muros da prisão: percepções de alunos detentos sobre educação, religião e vida cotidiana." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9011.
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Este estudo procura compreender como os detentos elaboram a vida cotidiana na prisão e, em que medida o acesso aos dispositivos da educação e da religião disponíveis no cárcere podem contribuir para a reintegração social do indivíduo recluso. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na perspectiva de que a população carcerária é constituída majoritariamente de pessoas marcadas pela vulnerabilidade social e que não tiveram acesso aos direitos fundamentais ao exercício da cidadania. Para estes indivíduos, o espaço escolar é percebido como espaço de sociabilidade e também de oportunidade de mudança, uma vez que, possibilita vislumbrar caminhos alternativos à vida criminal. As observações foram realizadas em quatro escolas localizadas em unidades prisionais do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter etnográfico que utiliza a narrativa dos presidiários sobre educação e religião como recurso metodológico. Através de depoimentos e entrevistas, procura identificar experiências que produziram significados no contexto das escolas existentes no interior das prisões e que revelam formas de elaboração da vida cotidiana pelos alunos detentos.This studys intention is to understand how inmates elaborate their everyday life in prison and to what extend education and religion available prisons facilities can contribute to the social re-education of these incarcerated persons. The research have been conducted under the perspective that the prison population is manly composed by persons who have been marked by social vulnerability and not given the access to the fundamental rights and citizenship. For those persons, the prison school is seen as a place of sociability and as an opportunity of change as well, once it portrays alternative ways to criminal life. The observation was done in four different schools locate in prisons units in Rio de Janeiro. This paper has an ethnographic perspective that uses prisoners narratives about education and religion as a methodological resource. Thru testimonies and interviews it seeks to indentify experiences that have produced meaning and reveal ways to elaborate everyday life by the inmate-students in the context of the schools inside the prison system.
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Steffen, Johann. "VIKA - Konzeptstudien eines virtuellen Konstruktionsberaters für additiv zu fertigende Flugzeugstrukturbauteile." Thelem Universitätsverlag & Buchhandlung GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75869.
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Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die konzeptionelle Ausarbeitung einer virtuellen Anwendung, die es den Anwendern in der Flugzeugstrukturkonstruktion im Kontext der additiven Fertigung ermöglicht, interaktiv und intuitiv wichtige Entscheidungen für den Bauteilentstehungsprozess zu treffen. Dabei soll sich die Anwendung adaptiv je nach Anwendungsfall in der Informationsbereitstellung an die jeweils benötigten Anforderungen und Bedürfnisse des Anwenders anpassen können.
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Luna, Daniel Neves Abath. "Cidades em singleplayer: a vida social da metrópole na realidade sistêmica de Watch_Dogs." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2017. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9727.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In view of the epistemic problematization about the constitutive elements of society, both from the point of view of Bruno Latour's Actor-Network Theory (2012) and the systemic view of Niklas Luhmann (2006), the proposal of the present work is to demonstrate how the electronic singleplayer action game with space design in open world, in this case Watch_Dogs (2014), acts by relations between humans and non-humans in the sociotechnical construction of meanings about the social life of a metropolis. In this sense, we seek a multidisciplinary theoretical articulation between the branches of the social sciences, urban sociology and urbanistic theories, as well as game studies and the communication field, anchored, above all, in the idea of construction based on systemic differentiations, coming from Theory of the Social Systems. For that, we work with three levels of differentiation, which construct distinct cities from diverse observations, whether they are: the procedural city of audiovisual meanings of the object game; the reticular city of the observations built on the social network Alvanista; and the residual city, persistent to the memory of the players when not more upgradeable by play pathways. The material empirically collected, for dozens of hours of gameplay and contact with informants, consists of hundreds of photographs, audio captures, game mapping strategy, detailed monitoring of the posts in the Alvanista and interviews performed by distance from 2013 to 2017. The results of differentiated analytical instances in the view of the same phenomenon, far from constituting themselves as self-excluding evidences by their dissimilarities, also make up the multiplicity of the impressions, proper to the social-historical world and the full assumption of the power of social action of objects until then epistemologically improbable to the social sciences, like the electronic games.
Diante da problematização epistêmica acerca dos elementos constitutivos da sociedade, tanto a partir do ponto de vista da Teoria Ator-Rede de Bruno Latour (2012) quanto da visão sistêmica de Niklas Luhmann (2006), a proposta do presente trabalho é demonstrar como o jogo eletrônico de ação em singleplayer com design de espaço em mundo aberto, neste caso Watch_Dogs (2014), atua por relações entre humanos e não humanos na construção sociotécnica de significações a respeito da vida social de uma metrópole. Nesse sentido, buscamos a articulação teórica multidisciplinar entre os ramos das ciências sociais, da sociologia urbana e das teorias urbanísticas, bem como dos game studies e do campo da comunicação, ancorados, sobretudo, na ideia de construção com base em diferenciações sistêmicas, oriunda da Teoria dos Sistemas Sociais. Para tanto, trabalhamos com três níveis de diferenciação, os quais constroem cidades distintas a partir de observações diversas, quer sejam: a cidade procedural das significações audiovisuais do objeto jogo; a cidade reticular das observações construídas na rede social Alvanista; e a cidade residual, persistente à memória dos jogadores quando não mais atualizável pelas vias do jogar. O material recolhido empiricamente, por dezenas de horas de jogo e contato com informantes, consiste em centenas de fotografias, capturas de áudio, estratégias de mapeamento in-game, acompanhamento minucioso de postagens na Alvanista e entrevistas realizadas à distância, no período de 2013 a 2017. Os resultados de instâncias analíticas diferenciadas no enxergar de um mesmo fenômeno, longe de se constituírem como evidências auto-excludentes por suas dessemelhanças, compõem, outrossim, a multiplicidade das impressões, próprias ao mundo social-histórico e à assunção plena do poder de ação social de objetos até então epistemologicamente improváveis às ciências sociais, a exemplo dos jogos eletrônicos.
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Gabriel, Vanessa Carvalho Bachiega. "Eventos de vida e atividade da nefrite lúpica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-03092012-113957/.
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O desencadeamento do Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) está relacionado às situações estressantes e traumáticas da vida dos pacientes, o que sugere o fator psicológico como deflagrador da doença. A Nefrite Lúpica (NL) pode ser a primeira manifestação do LES e constitui fator de maior morbidade e mortalidade, por levar à insuficiência renal, com necessidade de hemodiálise, e colocar o sujeito diante de mudanças da rotina de vida, da autoimagem, o que faz da própria doença um evento traumático para o paciente. Dentro desse contexto, os objetivos desta pesquisa foram: (i) verificar a existência de eventos de vida associados ao deflagramento do LES nos relatos dos pacientes com NL e a forma como esses pacientes compreendem o seu adoecimento; e (ii) analisar correlações entre eventos de vida, estado de atividade do LES e perfil socioeconômico. Para a pesquisa empírica, adotou-se uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, por meio da aplicação dos seguintes instrumentos: entrevista semiestruturada (psicológica), entrevista para eventos de vida recentes (psiquiátrica) e instrumental de classificação socioeconômica. A amostra foi composta por 43 sujeitos internados no Serviço de Nefrologia do Hospital das Clínicas de São Paulo, sendo 22 pacientes do grupo caso, com NL e 21 pacientes do grupo controle, com doença glomerular primária. Os dados clínicos e laboratoriais foram coletados por meio do SLEDAI e por consulta ao prontuário. Os principais resultados obtidos demonstram que a ocorrência de eventos de vida não apresentou correlação à atividade do LES. Evidencia-se uma associação entre eventos de vida negativos e o deflagramento da doença nos dois grupos estudados, o que demonstra que eventos negativos também antecedem e podem estar associados ao início de outras patologias. Quanto à maneira como os pacientes com NL compreendem o seu adoecimento, observou-se que eles compreendem parcialmente sua doença, atribuindo um significado negativo e associam uma situação emocional ao início do adoecimento. São pacientes que percebem os problemas de suas vidas e possuem necessidade de lidar com o adoecimento implicando-se ao tratamento. Há sofrimento quanto ao adoecimento pelas mudanças e limitações que a doença impõe, principalmente em relação à autoestima, por isto, sofrem emocionalmente e possuem necessidade de serem escutados e amparados. Portanto, conclui-se que os eventos de vida negativos e/ou traumáticos estão relacionados ao deflagramento do LES tanto de forma objetiva como um acontecimento que envolve mudanças no ambiente social externo, sem considerar a subjetividade do sujeito quanto de forma subjetiva como um evento de vida singular, relatado pelos próprios pacientes como um evento traumático. Essas evidências sugerem que os pacientes com NL possuem fatores psicológicos particulares que atuam tanto no curso da doença, quanto em seu deflagramentoThe onset of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is related to stressful and traumatic situations in patient lives, which suggests the psychological factor to trigger the disease. The Lupus Nephritis (LN) may be the first manifestation of SLE and is a major factor of morbidity and mortality, because it leads to kidney failure, requiring hemodialysis. Furthermore, the LN changes the routine of life and selfimage of patients, which makes the disease itself a traumatic event. Within this context, this study aims to: (i) verify the existence of life events associated with the outbreak of SLE, and how these patients understand their illness, and (ii) evaluate correlations between life events, status of SLE activity and socioeconomic profile. For the empirical research, we used a qualitative and quantitative approach, applying the following instruments: a semi-structured psychological interview; a psychiatric interview for recent life events and an instrumental for socioeconomic status. The sample was consisted of 43 subjects admitted to the Nephrology Department, at Hospital das Clinicas in Sao Paulo: 22 patients formed the case group, with LN and 21 formed the control group, with primary glomerular disease. The clinical and laboratory data were collected using the SLEDAI. The main results show that the occurrence of life events had no correlation with SLE activity. There was an association between negative life events and the outbreak of the disease in both groups, showing that negative events also precede and may be associated with the onset of other pathologies. Regarding the manner LN patients understand their illness, we see that they partially understand their disease, giving a negative meaning and associating an emotional situation at the beginning of illness. These are patients who perceive problems in their lives and need to deal with the disease giving importance to the treatment. The illness process causes suffering due to the changes and limitations the disease imposes, especially related to self-esteem, therefore, patients suffer emotionally and demand to be heard and supported. Thus, we conclude that the negative life events and/or trauma are related to the triggering of SLE both in an objective way as an event that involves changes in the external social environment, without taking into account the subjectivity of the subject as in a subjective singular life event, reported by the patient as a traumatic event. Based on this analysis, we suggest that patients with LN have particular psychological factors that operate both in the course of the disease, and in its triggering
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Nascimento, Leandro Meirelles do. "MAPEAMENTO DA VULNERABILIDADE DO AQUÍFERO À CONTAMINAÇÃO NO MUNICÍPIO DE BOA VISTA DO CADEADO/RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7826.
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The pollution generated by human activities has aroused the continuing need to map and
assess the conditions of the environment in relation to possible sources of contamination,
especially harmful to groundwater resources. The study, for the city of Boa Vista do Cadeado
in the Rio Grande do Sul State, located in northwest riograndense, is inserted in the Province
of the Southern Plateau Brazilian Geomorphological where spills outcrop of volcanic rocks
forming the Serra Geral Aquifer System / SGAS. Spatialize in thematic maps hydrodynamic
data of wells related to: the static water level, flow rate, the potentiometric surface, the
specific capacity and vulnerability indices natural fissure aquifer contamination. Using the
system GOD, were simulated by funding 12 wells, which contained all the information
necessary for their application. We obtained two classes of natural vulnerability, and 83.3% in
class insignificant and 16.7% in low class. It was concluded that the region presents little
vulnerable to contamination having a natural protection due to volcanic basalt rock layers in
confined aquifer and a mean water level, slightly deeper. The catchment wells are at odds
with the standards constructive, as well as with the environmental legislation of the State,
therefore, must be appropriate in order to protect the fountain groundwater.A poluição gerada pelas atividades antrópicas tem despertado a necessidade contínua de mapear e avaliar as condições do meio ambiente em relação a possíveis fontes de contaminação, principalmente as prejudiciais aos recursos hídricos subterrâneos. Por meio deste estudo, referente ao Município de Boa Vista do Cadeado no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Situado na Mesorregião noroeste riograndense, está inserido na Província Geomorfológica do Planalto Meridional brasileiro, onde afloram derrames de rochas vulcânicas formadoras do Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral/SASG. Espacializaram-se em mapas temáticos dados hidrodinâmicos dos poços tubulares referentes: ao nível estático, a vazão, a superfície potenciométrica, a capacidade específica e aos índices de vulnerabilidade natural do aquífero fissural à contaminação. Utilizando-se o sistema GOD, simularam-se 12 captações por poços, as quais continham todas as informações necessárias a sua aplicação. Foram obtidas duas classes de vulnerabilidade natural, sendo 83,3% na classe insignificante e 16,7% na baixa. Conclui-se que a região apresenta-se pouco vulnerável à contaminação, possuindo uma proteção natural, devido às camadas de rochas vulcânicas basálticas, em aquífero confinado e com um nível médio da água, pouco profundo. Os poços tubulares de captação estão em desacordo com as normas construtivas, bem como, com a legislação ambiental do Estado, portanto, devem ser adequados, visando à proteção do manancial subterrâneo.
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Costa, Maria da Conceição Cavalcante da. "Qualidade de vida de pessoas submetidas à Bypass gástrico Roux-en-Y pelo protocolo B.A.R.O.S. (Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/15471.
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COSTA, Maria da Conceição Cavalcante da. Qualidade de vida de pessoas submetidas à Bypass gástrico Roux-en-Y pelo protocolo B.A.R.O.S. (Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System). 2015. 138 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2015.Submitted by denise santos (denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2016-03-15T16:43:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_mcccosta.pdf: 2204580 bytes, checksum: 6d1240ef8a6fd15f7f6d11ee797bc688 (MD5)
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The bariatric surgery, considered the last resource to treat morbid obesity, allows the patient in seeking an improvement in health acquired by loss of durable weight, reducing risk factors for the disease and effective enhancing in the performance in daily life’s activity, in spite of not constituting a process of cure. It was object of study to analyze the Standard of Life of persons submitted to the Bypass Gastric Roux-En-Y by the B.A.R.O.S. (Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System) protocol. It is an attending study, exploratory and transversal, of quantitative nature, developed through November 2014 and March 2015, in the Hospital Universitário de Referência Regional, licensed by the Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS to render the Serviço de Assistência de Alta Complexidade - High Complexity Assistance Service (PRT-425/MS/GM, de 19/03/2013) to the specific audience of this casuistry. The convenience collection involved in principle all 92 patients who went under surgery between 2009 and 2014, and from these 25 could not be located, 03 had passed, taking as a final population of 64 patients. The following were used as criteria for inclusion: Bypass Gastric Roux-En-Y bariatric patients, of both sexes, on an postoperative in outpatient attendance in the period of data collection and with a minimum tempo of three months (PRT-492/MS/SAS, de 31/08/2007); ages between 20 and 55 years in clinical condition, detected by direct observation at the moment of the data collection, of joining the study; patient with primary-surgery historic and/or in recurrence of bariatric surgery. The criteria for exclusion: postoperative patients without meeting the clinical criteria established to be part of the research; ages below 20 or that went passing in the postoperative period. The collection made by the interviewer, with previous scheduling and arranged days in a single moment at the institutional ambulatory, according the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Tabulated data at 19.0 SPSS (Statistical Software for the Social Science), organized in charts and observed through descriptive and analytical statistics. This research has observed all bio ethical parameters (RES-466/MS/CNS, de 12/12/2012), approved under N°870.867(12/11/2014) by the licensed Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. The prevailing in population was of female genre, parda (brown-skinned), in stable relationships, from 31 to 49 years-old (65.6%), scholarship above 12 years of study. Being part of social classes B and C, taking on working activities in the sector of services, healthy life style regarding physical activities, smoking and alcoholic habits, independent of surgery period. The standardization of the standard of life to 90.6% varied from ‘very good’ to ‘excellent’, with a BAROS final average 6.67 ±1.31, considering the domain of loss of overweight percent 2,2±0,8, auto referred Quality of Life (M-A-QOLQII) 2,3±0,7, Clinical Conditions 2,7±0,5, Complications and Reoperations -0,5±0,4. The analysis of Linear Regression, among the 19 dependent variables has found only five predictor variables: overweight percent, social involvement, developing of working activity, sexual interest and sedentary life style (R2 adjusted = 0,806; Statistic F(5,57) = 52,69 e Valor-P < 0,001) that in fact composes the BAROS final result, with possibility of significant alteration in the standard of life of these patients. However, analyzing the BAROS result through surgery time there has not been relevance (p=0.195). The bariatric surgery corroborates to the postoperative quality of life of patients with morbid obesity.
A cirurgia bariátrica, considerada último recurso de tratamento de obesidade mórbida, permite ao paciente buscar uma melhoria de saúde alcançada pela perda de peso durável, reduzir fatores de risco para a doença e melhorias efetivas no desempenho das atividades da vida diária, apesar de não constituir processo de cura. Apesar de ser um tratamento cirúrgico existente há mais de uma década, ainda se percebe uma carência de evidências científicas quanto a temática. No Centro de Estudo selecionado, não foi encontrado nenhuma pesquisa direcionada, o que requer atenção para a busca de resultados. Sendo assim, objetivou-se analisar a Qualidade de Vida de pessoas submetidas à Bypass Gástrico Roux-en-Y pelo protocolo B.A.R.O.S. (Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System). Trata-se de um estudo observacional, exploratório e transversal, de natureza quantitativa, realizado no período de Novembro de 2014 a Março de 2015, em Hospital Universitário de Referência Regional. A amostra constituiu-se de 64 pacientes. Foram utilizados como critérios de inclusão: pacientes bariátricos por Bypass Gástrico Roux-en-Y, de ambos os sexos, em acompanhamento ambulatorial pós-cirúrgico no período da coleta de dados e com tempo mínimo de três meses; faixa de 20 a 55 anos e em condições clínicas, detectado por observação direta no momento da coleta de dados, de participar do estudo; paciente com histórico cirúrgico primário e/ou com recorrência de cirurgia bariátrica. Foram excluídos pacientes em pós-operatório sem atender aos critérios clínicos estabelecidos para participar do estudo; com idade inferior a 20 anos ou que vieram a óbito no período pós-cirúrgico. A coleta realizada por único entrevistador, com agendamento prévio e dias acordados em único momento no ambulatório institucional. Dados tabulados no SPSS (Statistical Software for the Social Science) 19.0, organizados em tabelas e analisados por meio da estatística descritiva e analítica. A pesquisa obedeceu todos os parâmetros bioéticos, aprovada sob N°870.867(12/11/2014) por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa habilitado. Os resultados mostraram que a prevalência populacional foi do sexo feminino, parda, com relacionamento estável, de 31 a 49 anos (65,6%), grau de instrução acima de 12 anos de estudos, pertencentes às classes B e C, executando atividades laborais no setor de serviços, com estilo de vida saudável em relação à atividade física, tabagismo e etilismo, independente do período cirúrgico.A aferição da Qualidade de vida para 90,6% variou de muito boa a excelente, com média final BAROS de 6.67 ±1.31, considerado os domínios de perda excesso de peso percentual de 2,2±0,8, Qualidade de Vida autor referida (M-A-QOLQII) de 2,3±0,7, Condições Clínicas de 2,7±0,5, Complicações e Reoperações de -0,5±0,4. A análise de Regressão Linear, dentre as 19 as variáveis dependentes constatou apenas cinco variáveis preditoras: percentual de excesso de peso, envolvimento social, desempenho da atividade laboral, interesse sexual, e sedentarismo (R2 ajustado=0,806; Estatística F (5,57) = 52,69 e Valor-P < 0,001) que realmente compõem o resultado final do BAROS, podendo alterar significativamente a qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Entretanto, ao analisar o resultado BAROS pelo tempo cirúrgico não houve relevância (p=0,195). Conclui-se que a cirurgia bariátrica corrobora para qualidade de vida pós-cirúrgica de pacientes obesos mórbidos.
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Andrade, Débora Pires Xavier de. "Sistema de áreas verdes e percepção da qualidade de vida na cidade de Sousa." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5575.
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Previous issue date: 2010-09-01Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This study evalue the urban green spaces, from the standpoint of its concepts, and its quantitative and qualitative assessment, focusing on the town of Sousa city - PB. These urban elements that many consider to be an importants elements of quality of life (QOL) urban environment, still have a nebulous assessment by its subjectivity. As an object, we sought to examine the system of green areas, their size, their qualitative aspects of society and the perception about the quality of life of the town of Sousa. This is a descriptive study, with assessments documentary, cartographic and iconographic, reviews and interviews with a sample of 378 people, residents in the urban perimeter. The methodological procedures, we analyzed the documents of public green areas and leisure through maps and records in the Municipality of Sousa. The indices were calculated: Green Areas (IAV), Land Cover (ICV) and tree cover (ICA). We used the computer program AutoCAD 2009 and the satellite image of Google Earth for analysis and placement of trees. Data were collected between August-October 2009, then the information is scanned into a computer program (Auto CAD) and we estimated the rates established for comparison with the standards of the Association of Urban Tree (bulging) and SPSS . The results of the questionnaires were evaluated by appropriate statistical procedures. It was found that the city, which has an area of 842km2, population of 63,783 inhabitants and a density of 75.45 inhabitants / km 2; area of 713,179.84 m2 vegetation, ICV (urban) 0.0396, the IAV with a total area of squares, of 11.73m2/hab, and 11.39m2/hab, with the area of vegetation in those squares, the minimum standard rate is 15 m2 / hab. The ICA is 6.56m2/hab, 69% of individuals use the spaces for physical activity, there are differences between the majority of respondents, with the exception of: recreation areas but decreased (52.9%) and not (47.1% ) (p = 0.280), location of trees, as well (54.0%) and bad (46.0%) (p = 0.136); agreement of definitions of QOL did not differ by age (p = 0.945 and p = 0.429 ), by socioeconomic status differs (p = 0.002), the official definition, but when we include financial and salary, not (p = 0.127) main elements: good social relationships, 45.5% (p = 0.089 ), good services and urban infrastructure, 46.8% (p = 0.136), good jobs and the workplace, 49.5% (p = 0.877), healthy environment and nice, 46.8% (p = 0.237). The city of Sousa meets their indices of vegetation and green areas below the minimum suggested by bulging the standards of urban quality of life and environment. As for the agreement of definitions of quality of life there was good evidence that social relationships, good service and good urban infrastructure, good jobs and the workplace environment healthy and pleasant, if present in the same way for society indicating that there is a consensus among people that these aspects represent the quality of urban life.
Este trabalho avalia os espaços verdes urbanos, do ponto de vista de seus conceitos, sua avaliação quantitativa e sua avaliação qualitativa, com foco na cidade de Sousa. Estes elementos urbanos que muitos consideram constituir um dos elementos importantes para qualidade de vida (QV) urbana e ambiental, ainda possuem uma avaliação nebulosa, pela sua subjetividade. Como objeto, buscou-se analisar o sistema de áreas verdes, sua dimensão, seus aspectos qualitativos e a percepção da sociedade acerca da qualidade de vida urbana da cidade de Sousa. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com avaliações documentais, cartográficas e iconográficas, avaliações de campo e entrevistas, com amostra de 378 pessoas, moradoras do perímetro urbano. Como procedimentos metodológicos, analisou-se os documentos das áreas verdes públicas e de lazer através de mapas e registros na Prefeitura Municipal de Sousa. Calculou-se os índices: Áreas Verdes (IAV); Cobertura Vegetal (ICV); e Cobertura Arbórea (ICA). Utilizou-se o programa computadorizado AutoCAD 2009 e da imagem de satélite do Google Earth para análise e localização da vegetação arbórea. Os dados foram coletados no período de agosto a outubro de 2009, em seguida digitalizou-se as informações em programa computacional (Auto CAD) e calculou-se os índices estabelecidos para comparação com as normas da Associação Brasileira de Arborização Urbana (ABAU) e o SPSS. Os resultados do questionários foram avaliados segundo procedimentos estatísticos adequados. Verificou-se que a cidade, que tem superfície de 842km2, população de 63.783 habitantes e densidade de 75.45 hab/km2; área de cobertura vegetal 713.179,84m2, ICV (urbano) 0,0396, o IAV com a área total das praças, de 11.73m2/hab, e, 11.39m2/hab, com a área de vegetação nas referidas praças, o índice mínimo padrão é de 15 m2/ hab. O ICA é de 6.56m2/hab; 69% dos indivíduos utilizam os espaços para atividade física; há diferenças entre a maioria das respostas, com exceção de: áreas de lazer diminuíram sim (52,9%) e não (47,1%) (p=0,280), localização das árvores: bem (54,0%) e mal (46,0%) (p=0,136); concordância das definições de QV não se diferem por faixa etária (p=0,945 e p=0,429), por nível sócio-econômico apresenta diferenças (p=0,002), na definição oficial, mas quando se inclui aspectos financeiros e salariais, não (p=0,127); principais elementos: bons relacionamentos sociais, 45,5% (p=0,089), bons serviços e infra-estrutura urbana, 46,8% (p=0,136), boa oferta de emprego e local de trabalho, 49,5% (p=0,877), ambiente saudável e agradável, 46,8% (p=0,237). A cidade de Sousa encontra-se com seus índices de cobertura vegetal e áreas verdes abaixo do mínimo sugerido pela ABAU para os padrões de qualidade de vida urbana e ambiental. Quanto à concordância das definições de qualidade de vida verificou-se que os elementos bons relacionamentos sociais, bons serviços e infra-estrutura urbana boa, boa oferta de emprego e local de trabalho, ambiente saudável e agradável, se apresentam da mesma forma para a sociedade, indicando que há um consenso entre as pessoas de que estes aspectos representam a qualidade de vida urbana.
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Lopes, Fernanda Maria. "Avaliação do sistema estomatognático e de sincrânios de lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus) em vida livre e cativeiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-22042009-113850/.
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O lobo-guará corresponde à maior espécie de canídeo da América do Sul, habitando regiões de gramado, cerrado e florestas de arbustos. A alimentação destes animais consiste de uma dieta onívora, incluindo pequenos mamíferos, répteis, insetos, plantas forrageiras e frutos. Há escassa literatura acerca das enfermidades orais nesta espécie, tanto em vida livre quanto em cativeiro. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o levantamento das principais afecções do sistema estomatognático e de sincrânios de lobos-guará, de indivíduos provenientes de vida livre e cativeiro, avaliar se há diferenças nas prevalências de lesões orais entre os grupos, e determinar parâmetros e características fisiológicas do sistema estomatognático para a espécie. Para isso, foram estudados 80 espécimes, sendo 63 sincrânios e 17 animais vivos. As afecções orais mais freqüentes foram: desgaste dentário (87,3%), fratura dentária (54,4%), doença periodontal (49,3%), anomalia dentária (49,3%), e cárie (11,4%). Dentre as anomalias dentárias, a presença de raiz acessória foi expressiva, correspondendo a 37,1% dos sincrânios, sendo mais prevalente no primeiro molar superior (46,7%) e segundo molar inferior (26,7%). As lesões sugestivas de cárie foram observadas em 18 dentes de nove lobos-guará, sendo seis deles provenientes de vida livre. A gravidade e a prevalência de doença periodontal foram mais acentuadas em animais de cativeiro, correspondendo a 66,6% deste grupo e a 47,3% do grupo de vida livre. Defeitos ósseos de fenestração e deiscência foram encontrados, respectivamente, em 22,5% e 61,3% dos sincrânios. A maioria das fraturas dentárias apresentou exposição da câmara pulpar (84%), ocorrendo principalmente nos dentes caninos e incisivos. Conclui-se que o lobo-guará apresenta fórmula dentária e padrão oclusal semelhante ao do cão doméstico, e que as afecções orais são achados freqüentes na espécie. A prevalência de algumas enfermidades, como a doença periodontal, apresenta diferenças entre os grupos de vida livre e cativeiro. A presença de raiz acessória e defeitos ósseos alveolares observados na espécie, assim como a prevalência de outras afecções orais necessitam de mais estudos para elucidação dos fatores envolvidos.The maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus, is the largest wild canid inhabiting South America, specially areas with tall grass, fence and bush forest. They are omnivorous and their most important dietary components are small mammals, reptiles, insects, forage plants and fruits. There are few studies about oral diseases in free-ranging and captive maned wolves. The present study performed a survey about diseases of the stomatognatic system and skulls of free ranging and captive maned wolves, differences between both groups and determination of the physiological parameters and characteristics of the specie. Eighty specimens were evaluated (63 skulls and 17 living animals). The most frequent oral diseases included: teeth wearing (87,3%), and fracture (54,4%), periodontal disease (49,3%), teeth anomalies (49,3%), caries (11,4%). According to teeth anomalies, the presence of extra roots was significant, corresponding to 37,1% of the skulls. The upper first molar (46,7%) and the lower second molar (26,7%) were the most prevalent. Caries suggestive-lesions were observed in 18 teeth of nine maned wolves, and six of them were free-ranging animals. The severity and prevalence of periodontal disease were more pronounced in captive specimens, corresponding to 66,6% of this group and 47,3% of the free-ranging maned wolves. Osseous defects, both fenestration and dehiscence were present in 22,5% e 61,3% of the skulls, respectively. The majority of teeth fractures exposed the pulp chamber (84%), occuring mainly at the canines and incisors. In conclusion, the maned wolf has a dental formula and occlusal pattern similar to the domestic dog. Oral diseases are common in maned wolves. The prevalence of some injuries, as periodontal disease, presents differences between free-ranging and captive animals. Extra roots, alveolar osseous defects and other oral diseases need more studies to elucidate which factors are involved.
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Nóbrega, Kenya Idamara Mendonça da. "Qualidade de vida, ansiedade e depressão em cuidadores de criança com neoplasia cerebral." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2010. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3734.
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Background: From technological advances the patients survival with tumors of central nervous system has increased and due to this situation, it was necessary evaluate the quality of life and emotional state of both patients and their caregivers. Purposes: Distinguish in socio-demographic terms children caregivers with brain tumors treated at a public hospital in Aracaju-SE, as well as to investigate this group perception as their quality of life, anxiety and depression. Methods: 32 caregivers participated of a convenience pattern and three instruments were used: socio-demographic questionnaire, WHOQOL-bref and HADS. Data were analyzed using statistical program SPSS, 15.0. Results: The pattern showed that 100% of caregivers are female, with age greater than or equal to 18 years (32.1 ± 6.8), 96.6% were mothers (p <0.0001) and 65.6% have three or more children (p = 0.0001). Furthermore, 46.9% have primary education (p = 0.004), 43.8% were from Sergipe s counties (p = 0.01) and 75% didn t receive help to take care child (p=0.005). 46.9% caregivers didn t have a paid employment prior to the child's illness and with disease s advent, this proportion rose to 90.6% (p <0.001), although in both cases the predominant income was the minimum wage.The physical domain had the best rating among caregivers (58.7), followed by social domain (57.6). The environmental showed the worst one among caregivers (43.8), followed by psychological (55.6). There was a relevant association of environmental field with the physical domains only (p <0.0001) and social (p = 0.05). The psychological domain was positively correlated with the physical one. (p = 0.01).The prevalence of anxiety was 50% while depression was 46.9%. Conclusions: The perception of caregivers quality of life was moderate, the average caregivers QOL among the areas was 53.9. The social domain were associate with presence for anxiety and the physical and environment were associate with presence for depression.Fundamentação: A partir dos avanços tecnológicos a sobrevida dos pacientes com tumores no Sistema Nervoso Central aumentou e com isso surgiu a necessidade de avaliar a qualidade de vida e o estado emocional tanto destes pacientes quanto de seus cuidadores. Objetivos: Caracterizar em termos sócio-demográfico cuidadores de crianças com neoplasia cerebral atendidas em um hospital público de Aracaju/SE, bem como investigar a percepção desse grupo quanto a sua qualidade de vida, ansiedade e depressão. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 32 cuidadores de uma amostra por conveniência. Foram utilizados 3 instrumentos: um questionário sócio-demográfico, WHOQOL-abrev e HADS. Os dados obtidos foram analisados utilizando-se o programa estatístico SPSS, 15.0. Resultados: A amostra indicou que 100% dos cuidadores são do gênero feminino, com idade superior ou igual a 18 anos (32,1± 6,8), 96,6% são mães (p < 0,0001) e 65,6% delas possuem três filhos ou mais (p = 0,0001). Além disso, 46,9% possuem ensino fundamental (p = 0,004), 43,8% eram procedentes do interior do Estado de Sergipe (p = 0,01) e 75% não recebiam ajuda externa para cuidar da criança (p = 0,005). 46,9% dos cuidadores não possuía uma ocupação remunerada antes da doença da criança e com o advento da doença, essa proporção se elevou para 90,6% (p < 0,001), no entanto em ambos os casos a renda predominante foi a de um salário mínimo. O domínio físico obteve a melhor avaliação entre os cuidadores (58,7), seguido pelo domínio social (57,6). O domínio ambiental foi o que apresentou pior avaliação entre os cuidadores (43,8), seguido pelo psicológico (55,6). Houve uma associação significativa do domínio ambiental somente com os domínios físicos (p < 0,0001) e social (p = 0,05). O domínio psicológico se correlacionou positivamente com o domínio físico (p = 0,01). A prevalência de ansiedade na amostra foi de 50%, enquanto que a prevalência de depressão foi de 46,9%. Conclusões: A percepção da qualidade de vida dos cuidadores foi moderada, pois a média da QV dos cuidadores entre os domínios foi de 53,9. O domínio social esteve associado à presença de ansiedade e os domínios social e ambiental estiveram associados à depressão.
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Campi, Leticia Bueno. "Dor generalizada, sensibilização central e qualidade de vida em adolescentes com disfunções temporomandibulares dolorosas /." Araraquara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180751.
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Orientador: Daniela Aparecida de Godoi GonçalvesResumo: Em adultos, a disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) frequentemente está associada com outras condições dolorosas, como a fibromialgia (FM). Os tender points (TPs), que são parte dos critérios diagnósticos para FM, indicam um aumento da sensibilidade à dor generalizada. Objetivos: Investigar a associação entre DTM dolorosa e o número de TPs em adolescentes, bem como a relação entre o número de TPs e o limiar de dor à pressão (LDP) para dor local, regional e generalizada, como possíveis indicativos de sensibilização central (SC). Ainda, explorar a associação entre DTM dolorosa e FM, investigar o impacto da DTM dolorosa na qualidade de vida (QV) do adolescente e a influência de outras condições comórbidas (dor no corpo, qualidade do sono, doenças sistêmicas, sedentarismo, obesidade, sintomas depressivos) nessa associação. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 690 adolescentes brasileiros com (n=112) e sem DTM dolorosa (n=578), de 12 a 14 anos. A DTM dolorosa foi classificada de acordo com os Critérios de Diagnóstico de Pesquisa para DTM (RDC/TMD) - Eixo I. Os critérios estabelecidos por Yunus foram aplicados para avaliar a FM juvenil e os TPs. O questionário Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM foi aplicado para avaliar a QV. Estatísticas descritivas foram utilizadas para caracterizar os participantes, estratificando pela presença de DTM dolorosa. Testes de Mann-Whitney e χ2 foram aplicados para testar a associação entre DTM dolorosa e variáveis demográficas. Modelos de regressão for... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in adults is often associated with other painful conditions, such as fibromyalgia (FM). The tender points (TPs), which are part of the diagnostic criteria for FM, indicate increased sensitivity to generalized pain. Aims: To investigate the association between painful TMD and the number of TPs in adolescents, as well as the relationship between the number of TPs and the pressure pain threshold (PPT) for local, regional and generalized pain, as possible indicative of central sensitization (CS). Also, to explore the association between painful TMD and FM, to investigate the impact of painful TMD on adolescent's quality if life (QoL) and the influence of other comorbid conditions (body pain, sleep quality, systemic diseases, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, depressive symptoms). Methods: The sample consisted of 690 Brazilian adolescents with and without painful TMD, aged 12-14 years old. Painful TMD was classified according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) - Axis I. The criteria that were established by Yunus were applied to assess juvenile fibromyalgia and TPs. The generic Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM was applied to evaluate the QoL. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the participants, stratifying by the presence of painful TMD. MannWhitney and χ2 -tests were applied to test the association between painful TMD and demographic variables. Regression models were used to estimate the association between painful TMD and TPs and to determine which additional predictive variables were associated with TPs. Regression analyses were performed to test the associations between the PPT values and number of TPs. Fisher's test was used to estimate the association between painful TMD and FM. Linear regression analyzes were performed with painful TMD and one of the other possible predictors... (Complete abstractelectronic access below)
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Paula, Tassiana Gutierrez de. "Expressão de genes das vias anabólicas e catabólicas e de miRNas no músculo esquelético do Piaractus mesopotamicus durante período de jejum e realimentação." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152266.
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Orientador: Maeli Dal-PaiResumo: O músculo esquelético é capaz de adaptação fenotípica à fatores ambientais, como a disponibilidade de nutrientes, alterando o equilíbrio entre catabolismo e anabolismo muscular que, por sua vez, coordena o crescimento muscular. Os pequenos RNAs não codificados, conhecidos como microRNAs (miRNAs), reprimem a expressão de mRNAs alvo e muitos estudos demonstraram que os miRNAs regulam os mRNAs de genes catabólicos e anabólicos. Nós avaliamos a morfologia muscular, a expressão gênica de componentes envolvidos com o catabolismo, anabolismo e metabolismo energético e expressão de miRNAs no músculo rápido e lento de juvenis de pacus (Piaractus mesopotamicus) durante um período de restrição alimentar e realimentação. Nossa análise revelou que períodos curtos de restrição alimentar seguidos por realimentação afetaram predominantemente o músculo rápido, alterando o diâmetro da fibra muscular e a expressão de RNAs e miRNAs. Houve um aumento nos níveis de mRNA dos componentes catabólicos (FBXO25, ATG12, BCL2) e genes relacionados ao metabolismo energético (PGC1a e SDHA), juntamente com uma diminuição nos níveis de PPARβ / δmRNA. Curiosamente, um aumento nos níveis de mRNA dos genes anabólicos (PI3K e complexo mTORC1: mTOR, mLST8 e RAPTOR) também foi observado durante a restrição alimentar. Após realimentação, a morfologia muscular mostrou padrões similares do grupo controle; a maioria dos genes estavam ligeiramente regulados de forma up e down em mabas as musculaturas, respectivamente; o... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Skeletal muscle is capable of phenotypic adaptation to environmental factors, such as nutrient availability, by altering the balance between muscle catabolism and anabolism that in turn coordinates muscle growth. Small noncoding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), repress the expression of target mRNAs, and many studies have demonstrated that miRNAs regulate the mRNAs of catabolic and anabolic genes. We evaluated muscle morphology, gene expression of components involved in catabolism, anabolism and energetic metabolism and miRNAs expression in both the fast and slow muscle of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) during food restriction and refeeding. Our analysis revealed that short periods of food restriction followed by refeeding predominantly affected fast muscle, with changes in muscle fiber diameter and miRNAs expression. There was an increase in the mRNA levels of catabolic pathways components (FBXO25, ATG12, BCL2) and energetic metabolism-related genes (PGC1αand SDHA), together with a decrease in PPARβ/δmRNA levels. Interestingly, an increase in mRNA levels of anabolic genes (PI3K and mTORC1 complex: mTOR, mLST8 and RAPTOR) was also observed during food restriction. After refeeding, muscle morphology showed similar patterns of the control group; the majority of genes were slightly up- or down-regulated in fast and slow muscle, respectively; the levels of all miRNAs increased in fast muscle and some of them decreased in slow muscle. Our findings demonstrated that a sh... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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