Relevant bibliographies by topics / Viruses

Academic literature on the topic 'Viruses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Viruses"

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Sugden, Bill. "Herpes viruses: human transducing viruses." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 16 (January 1991): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(91)90019-r.

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Jones, M. Rebecca. "Viruses." American Biology Teacher 78, no. 8 (October 1, 2016): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2016.78.8.691.

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Rosenthal, Ken S. "Viruses." Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 14, no. 2 (March 2006): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.idc.0000216924.02922.ad.

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Stuart, David. "Viruses." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 3, no. 2 (April 1993): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-440x(05)80148-4.

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Liljas, Lars. "Viruses." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 6, no. 2 (April 1996): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-440x(96)80068-6.

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Harrison, Stephen C. "Viruses." Current Biology 2, no. 4 (April 1992): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-9822(92)90499-z.

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Schwab, Kenneth S., and Robert D. Shaw. "Viruses." Baillière's Clinical Gastroenterology 7, no. 2 (June 1993): 307–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-3528(93)90044-s.

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Harrison, Stephen C. "Viruses." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 1, no. 2 (April 1991): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-440x(91)90075-5.

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Harrison, Stephen C. "Viruses." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 2, no. 2 (April 1992): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-440x(92)90160-9.

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Brand, Leslie. "Viruses." Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 53, S17F (1993): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240531020.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Viruses"

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Afsharifar, Alireza. "Characterisation of minor RNAs associated with plants infected with cucumber mosaic virus." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha2584.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 127-138. This thesis studies the minor double stranded RNAs (dsRNA) and single stranded RNAs (ssRNA) which are consistently associated with plants infected with Q strain of cucumber mosaic virus (Q-CMV). The investigations are focused on the structural elucidation of new RNAs which have been observed in single stranded and double stranded RNA profiles of Q strain of CMV.
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Chare, Elizabeth R. "Recombination in RNA viruses and plant virus evolution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433381.

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Najmabadi, Hossein. "Characterization of the Self-Replicating Kirsten Murine Leukemia Viral DNA: Replication and Tetracycline Resistance." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798479/.

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This research project deals with the characterization of self-replicating Kirsten murine viral DNA. The replication of this viral DNA and tetracycline resistance conferred to bacteria by this viral DNA will be studied. The restriction endonuclease and Southern blot analysis revealed a fragment of pBR322 from the Hind III and Pst I site that is located in the 3' end of the MLV-K:E molecule. Single stranded sequencing of the two terminal ends of this fragment verified that the 3' end of MLV-K:E contains identical sequence homology to pBR322. The presence of this pBR322 fragment explains the unusual properties of the MLV-K:E molecule. However, tetracycline resistance is less in E. Coli containing MLV-K:E than E. coli containing pBR322 as determined by zone of inhibition assay. This may be due to alteration in the promoter region of the tetracycline gene.
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Yip, Chi-wai, and 葉志偉. "Characterization of the cell entry mechanism of infectious bursal disease virus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44756306.

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Ong, Jamie. "In bed with viruses: The partnership between orchids, fungi and viruses." Thesis, Ong, Jamie (2016) In bed with viruses: The partnership between orchids, fungi and viruses. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2016. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/37275/.

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The Orchidaceae is the largest and most diverse angiosperm family comprising of five subfamilies, over 800 genera and over 26,000 species. In Western Australia, there are over 450 indigenous orchid species across 40 genera, concentrated predominately within the South West Australian Floristic Region, but with a few species in the tropical Kimberley. The southern species are all terrestrial and most belong to the Diurideae tribe, which are primarily restricted to Australia and New Zealand. To varying degrees, orchids rely on associations with other organisms, particularly fungi for nutrient provision and insects for pollination. The partnerships between the orchids, their fungal symbionts and insect pollinators are quite well studied in some cases. However, the ecological influence of viruses, in particular indigenous viruses, within these symbiotic partnerships remains largely unexplored. Orchids cultivated for their flowers or vanilla are frequently infected by viruses, which are spread from plant to plant by vectors, husbandry tools and through vegetative propagation, and from place to place in infected propagules by trade. Only recently have wild orchids been shown to also harbour viruses. In this research, we used a combination of high throughput sequencing approach, traditional techniques and informatics to examine the leaf tissues of indigenous terrestrial orchid plants growing in their natural habitats for virus infection. Further, we isolated fungi that form mycorrhizal associations within cortical root cells of these plants and examined them for the presence of viruses. Terrestrial orchids and their fungal symbionts were sampled from 17 species across six genera (Caladenia, Diuris, Drakaea, Microtis, Paraceleana and Pterostylis) during the winter (June to August) and spring (September to November) growing seasons. This study represents the first of viruses from the indigenous orchids and fungal species examined. Thirty-two viruses, representing seven viral families and eight genera (Alphapartitivirus, Betapartitivirus, Endornavirus, Goravirus, Hypovirus, Mitovirus, Platypuvirus and Totivirus), were identified and characterised from wild plants of Drakaea, Microtis and Pterostylis orchids and their fungal symbionts. Four of the viruses were identified from leaves of Drakaea species and Pterostylis sanguinea orchids and the remaining 28 viruses were from six isolates of orchid mycorrhizal fungi of the genus Ceratobasidium. All but one of the viruses found were novel, and most were from taxonomic groups not previously described in the Australian continent. In three Ceratobasidium isolates studied, there were 5-13 virus species present in each. The presence of several closely-related bi-partite partitiviruses within the one host presented challenges in determining the numbers of species present and accurate pairing of virus segments. This study proposes solutions to address these problems, which will no doubt also arise in future metagenomics studies. Two of the new viruses described formed the bases of new genera (Goravirus and Platypuvirus), while other viruses could be tentatively classified within known taxa, but were often genetically divergent from existing members. For example, two novel partitiviruses represent a lineage basal to existing members of Alphapartitivirus, pointing to Australia as an important location in partitivirus evolution. The richness and uniqueness of viruses found in this study are likely a reflection of the orchid and fungal diversity of the region, itself a consequence of over 25 million years of relative geological and climatic stability. The surprisingly high numbers of mycoviruses detected from only a few fungal samples indicate that there is a rich virus association with fungal component of orchid biology and that orchid flora might represent a potentially enormous reservoir of novel viruses. geological and climatic stability. The surprisingly high numbers of mycoviruses detected from only a few fungal samples indicate that there is a rich virus association with fungal component of orchid biology and that orchid flora might represent a potentially enormous reservoir of novel viruses.
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Griffin, Jennifer Shoener. "Torque Teno Virus: A Potential Indicator of Enteric Viruses." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2009. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-031509-151117/.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Keywords: cell culture; PCR; coliphage; coliform; fecal indicator; enteric virus; waterborne disease outbreak; TTV; torque teno virus. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-117).
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Chan, Yuk-on. "Impact of respiratory viruses on mortality." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b39724025.

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Del, Valle Mendoza Juana, Tapia Ángela Cornejo, Pablo Weilg, Eduardo Verne, Fuertes Ronald Nazario, Claudia Ugarte, Valle Luis J. del, and Toma´ s. Pumarola. "Incidence of Respiratory Viruses in Peruvian Children With Acute Respiratory Infections." John Wiley & Sons, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/347016.

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jdelvall@upc.edu.pe
Acute respiratory infections are responsible for high morbi–mortality in Peruvian children. However, the etiological agents are poorly identified. This study, conducted during the pandemic outbreak of H1N1 influenza in 2009, aims to determine the main etiological agents responsible for acute respiratory infections in children from Lima, Peru. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 717 children with acute respiratory infections between January 2009 and December 2010 were analyzed by multiplex RT-PCR for 13 respiratory viruses: influenza A, B, and C virus; parainfluenza virus (PIV) 1, 2, 3, and 4; and human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and B, among others. Samples were also tested with direct fluorescent-antibodies (DFA) for six respiratory viruses. RT-PCR and DFA detected respiratory viruses in 240 (33.5%) and 85 (11.9%) cases, respectively. The most common etiological agents were RSV-A (15.3%), followed by influenza A (4.6%), PIV-1 (3.6%), and PIV-2 (1.8%). The viruses identified by DFA corresponded to RSV (5.9%) and influenza A (1.8%). Therefore, respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV) were found to be the most common etiology of acute respiratory infections. The authors suggest that active surveillance be conducted to identify the causative agents and improve clinical management, especially in the context of possible circulation of pandemic viruses
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Zeicher, Marc. "Oncolytic viruses cancer therapy." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210439.

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Wild-type viruses with intrinsic oncolytic capacity in human includes DNA viruses like some autonomous parvoviruses and many RNA viruses. Recent advances in molecular biology have allowed the design of several genetically modified viruses, such as adenovirus and herpes simplex virus that specifically replicate in, and kill tumor cells. However, still several hurdles regarding clinical limitations and safety issues should be overcome before this mode of therapy can become of clinical relevance. It includes limited virus spread in tumor masses, stability of virus in the blood, trapping within the liver sinusoids, transendothelial transfer, and/or vector diffusion of viral particles to tumor cells, limited tumor transduction, immune-mediated inactivation or destruction of the virus. For replication-competent vectors without approved antiviral agents, suicide genes might be used as fail-safe mechanism. Cancer stem cells are a minor population of tumor cells that possess the stem cell property of self-renewal. Therefore, viruses that target the defective self-renewal pathways in cancer cells might lead to improved outcomes.

In this thesis, data we generated in the field of oncolytic autonomous parvoviruses are presented.

We replaced capsid genes by reporter genes and assessed expression in different types of human cancer cells and their normal counterparts, either at the level of whole cell population, (CAT ELISA) or at the single cell level, (FACS analysis of Green Fluorescent Protein). Cat expression was substantial (up to 10000 times background) in all infected tumor cells, despite variations according to the cell types. In contrast, no gene expression was detected in similarly infected normal cells, (with the exception of an expression slightly above background in fibroblasts.). FACS analysis of GFP expression revealed that most tumor cells expressed high level of GFP while no GFP positive normal cells could be detected with the exception of very few (less than 0.1%) human fibroblast cells expressing high level of GFP. We also replace capsid genes by genes coding for the costimulatory molecules B7-1 and B7-2 and show that, upon infection with B7 recombinant virions, only tumor cells display the costimulatory molecules and their immunogenicity was increased without any effect on normal cells. Using a recombinant MVM containig the Herpes Simplex thymidine kinase gene, we could get efficient killing of most tumor cell types in the presence of ganciclovir, whithout affecting normal proliferating cells. We also produced tetracycline inducible packaging cell lines in order to improve recombinant vectors yields. The prospects and limitations of these different strategies will be discussed.

An overview is given of the general mechanisms and genetic modifications by which oncolytic viruses achieve tumor cell-specific replication and antitumor efficacy. However, as their therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials is still not optimal, strategies are evaluated that could further enhance the oncolytic potential of conditionally replicating viruses in conjunction with other standard therapies.

Another exciting new area of research has been the harnessing of naturally tumor-homing cells as carrier cells to deliver oncolytic viruses to tumors. The trafficking of these tumor-homing cells (stem cells, immune cells and cancer cells), which support proliferation of the viruses, is mediated by specific chemokines and cell adhesion molecules and we are just beginning to understand the roles of these molecules. Finally, we will explore some ways deserving further study in order to be able to utilize various oncolytic viruses for effective cancer treatment.


Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation biologie moléculaire
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Bieker, Jill M. "Chemical inactivation of viruses." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/226.

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Books on the topic "Viruses"

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J, Levine Arnold. Viruses. New York: Scientific American Library, 1992.

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Shors, Teri. Understanding viruses. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2008.

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Levine, Arnold J. Viruses. New York: Scientific American Library, 1992.

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Hundley, David H. Viruses. Vero Beach, Fla: Rourke Press, 1998.

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Jones, Phill. Viruses. New York: Chelsea House, 2012.

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Margery, Facklam, ed. Viruses. New York: Twenty-First Century Books, 1994.

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Shors, Teri. Understanding viruses. 2nd ed. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2013.

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F, Murant A., and Harrison B. D, eds. The plant viruses. New York: Plenum Press, 1996.

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1971-, Tidona Christian A., Darai Gholamreza, and Büchen-Osmond Cornelia, eds. The Springer index of viruses. Berlin: Springer, 2002.

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Claire, Walmsley, British Broadcasting Corporation, and Films for the Humanities (Firm), eds. Emerging viruses. Princeton, N.J: Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Viruses"

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Crawford, Dorothy H. "Emerging Infections." In Viruses, 40–71. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845030.003.0003.

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This chapter examines emerging infections. Emerging human viruses may cause anything from a single infection, to a small outbreak, and on to an epidemic or pandemic. The main factors that determine whether an outbreak progresses to an epidemic and on to a pandemic are the virus’s ability to infect and spread between humans, the availability of non-immune hosts within the virus’s range, and the effectiveness of any precautionary measures taken to inhibit virus spread. This is measured by the R number, or case reproduction number. The chapter then looks at groups of emerging viruses with very differing R values (not forgetting that viruses may move up or down the scale as circumstances change). These include viruses that spread no further than a single individual, such as rabies and hantaviruses; viruses that cause sporadic epidemics after introduction to a human index case from their primary host, such as Ebola, Lassa fever, and the coronaviruses that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV); and viruses that can subsequently circulate continuously among humans causing epidemics, such as yellow fever, Zika, and dengue viruses.
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Crawford, Dorothy H. "1. What are viruses?" In Viruses: A Very Short Introduction, 2–16. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198811718.003.0002.

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‘What are viruses?’ introduces viruses and their structure. Martinus Beijerinck, in 1898, was the first to coin the term ‘virus’, and invention of the electron microscope in the late 1930s greatly enhanced virus identification. Viruses are not cells, but obligate parasites that must infect a cell and use its organelles in order to reproduce. They carry either DNA or RNA, and have a protein coat called a capsid. The whole structure is called a virion. Viruses have a high mutation rate, which helps them to survive and boost their resistance to antiviral drugs. The molecular clock technique to track a virus’s history is also explained.
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Playfair, John H. L., and Gregory J. Bancroft. "Viruses." In Infection and Immunity. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780199609505.003.0003.

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This chapter concentrates on the basic biology of viruses. It begins by describing a number of features of viruses, then it demonstrates the organization of a typical virus particle. The chapter examines the way in which viruses replicate themselves from virus to virus. It also presents the remarkable feature of most viruses: the symmetrical structure of their protein coat. The chapter then shifts to explain the specific receptor of each virus, usually a vital component of the cell surface. It also discusses the several effects of infection of a cell by a virus. Next, the chapter illustrates some key dates in the gradual unfolding of the virus–cancer link. It also looks at the main routes of viral spread and the introduction of vaccines.
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Leppard, Keith n. "Mutagenesis of DNA virus genomes." In DNA Viruses, 47–82. Oxford University PressOxford, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199637195.003.0003.

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Abstract DNA viruses encompass a wide range of virus types which can infect bacteria, plants, insects, and birds, as well as mammals including man. Mutant strains of these viruses have been essential to our understanding of how individual viral genes contribute to the process of infection but, for a variety of reasons, far more mutant strains have been isolated of some viruses than of others. DNA viruses which have been subject to extensive genetic characterization include various bacteriophages, and mammalian viruses such as simian virus 40, adenovirus types 2 and 5, herpes simplex virus type 1, and vaccinia virus. Although there are considerable similarities between the techniques used to isolate mutant viruses from different host systems, this chapter deals exclusively with the study of mammalian viruses.
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Hull, Roger. "Viruses." In Molecular Plant Pathology, 1–10. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199631032.003.0001.

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Abstract Viruses are ideal subjects for study using molecular biological techniques because of their relative simplicity. This section describes both the range of known plant viruses and how to purify and characterize a new virus.
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Crawford, Dorothy H. "The Virosphere." In Viruses, 1–25. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845030.003.0001.

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This chapter provides an overview of the virosphere. Viruses are fundamentally different from all other organisms, including other microbes. They are honed to the bare essentials required to survive, albeit through a parasitic lifestyle. They cannot do anything on their own, so they are obliged to penetrate a living cell and take control. The weakening of the host cells which viruses inhabit can in some cases have unexpected and bizarre effects on the infected cells and on the animal or plant hosting the virus. One famous example of such an effect occurred in Holland in the seventeenth century, when beautiful variegated tulip flowers were first cultivated, causing what became known as tulipomania. The chapter then considers three theories on the origin of viruses: the progressive, the regressive, and the virus-first theories. It also explains how viruses spread, looking at food poisoning, coughs and sneezes, and also man-made virus transmission and mother-to-child transmission.
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Crawford, Dorothy H. "Lifelong Residents." In Viruses, 122–45. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845030.003.0006.

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This chapter assesses some of the more intransigent persistent virus infections. Persistent viruses tend to strike up stable relationships with their respective hosts as they skilfully evade immune response and exploit the host to ensure their own long-term survival. This is an incredibly successful lifestyle for a virus, and generally causes little harm to the host. However, there can still be problems. The most obvious of these is seen with immunosuppression of the host leading to virus reactivation and disease, but there are also more subtle, long-term effects. The chapter then considers herpesviruses, such as varicella zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV); human papilloma virus (HPV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV); retroviruses; human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1); and hepatitis viruses.
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Crawford, Dorothy H. "Viruses And Cancer." In Viruses, 146–71. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845030.003.0007.

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This chapter addresses cancer viruses. A cancer arises from a single cell in the body multiplying unchecked until it has produced a whole mass of identical cells—a tumour. This can happen in any organ of the body, in people of any age, and in any country. The chapter begins by tracing the history of tumour virus discovery, particularly the discovery of the Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV). Clearly, the evolution of a virus-associated tumour is more complex than the simple equation ‘virus infection equals cancer’. Several other factors are involved in driving just one among many virus-infected cells to tumour growth. To investigate what these factors might be, the chapter then looks at how normal cell growth and division is regulated. It is no surprise to find that tumours caused by viruses are more common in people whose immune system is suppressed than in the general population. Ultimately, the easiest way to prevent infection and tumour development is with a vaccine, and this has been particularly successful with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human papilloma virus (HPV). For those tumour viruses for which no vaccine is yet available, antiviral drug treatments are being used with some success.
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Luby, S. P. "Viruses: Nipah Virus." In Encyclopedia of Food Safety, 214–17. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-378612-8.00406-6.

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"VIRUSES MAKING MORE VIRUSES." In Viruses, 63–104. Princeton University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691240800-003.

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Conference papers on the topic "Viruses"

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Vasilijević, Bojana, Vera Katanić, Sanja Živković, Tanja Vasić, Stefan Kovačević, and Darko Jevremović. "APPLICATION OF MULTIPLEX RT-PCR FOR GRAPEVINE VIRUSES DETECTION." In 2nd International Symposium on Biotechnology. Faculty of Agronomy in Čačak, University of Kragujevac, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt29.18bv.

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Grapevine, a significant fruit crop globally, is a host of various viruses that negatively affect yield, plant vigor, and fruit quality. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) offers the ability to detect numerous viruses simultaneously. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mRT-PCR for the detection of nine grapevine viruses in Serbia, including: grapevine fanleaf virus, grapevine leafroll-associated viruses 1, 2, and 3, grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus, grapevine virus A, grapevine virus B, grapevine fleck virus, and arabis mosaic virus. This study confirms mRT-PCR as an efficient method for simultaneous detection of multiple grapevine viruses.
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Aycock, J., and K. Barker. "Viruses 101." In the 36th SIGCSE technical symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1047344.1047404.

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Belov, George. "COUPLING POLIOVIRUS RNA REPLICATION TO CELLULAR MEMBRANES." In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-12.

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Cello, Jeronimo, Yutong Song, Steffen Mueller, Robert Coleman, Steven Skiena, Charles B. Stauft, Oleksandr Gorbatsevych, et al. "AN IMPACT OF DE NOVO SYNTHESIZING POLIOVIRUS: RECODING ARBOVIRUSES FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT." In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-01.

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Lukashev, Alexander. "ENTEROVIRUS GENOME IN SPACE AND TIME." In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-02.

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Domingo, Esteban. "LETHAL MUTAGENESIS 2019: A SEQUENCE SPACE ODYSSEY." In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-03.

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Abraham, Rachy, Aravinth Jayabalan, Robert L. McPherson, Anthony K. L. Leung, and Diane E. Griffin. "UNDERSTANDING OF “X DOMAIN” FUNCTION IN ALPHAVIRUSES." In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-04.

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Solovyev, Andrey. "NOVEL TRANSPORT MODULE IN A PLANT VIRUS GENOME INCLUDES HELICASE AND HYDROPHOBIC PROTEIN GENES." In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-05.

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Rabouw, Huib, Linda Visser, Timen Passchier, Martijn Langereis, Fan Liu, Piero Giansanti, Aditya Anand, et al. "AN UNPRECEDENTED VIRAL MECHANISM TO EVADE TRANSLATION INHIBITION INDUCED BY THE INTEGRATED STRESS RESPONSE." In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-06.

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Gragerov, Alexander. "ACCIDENTAL DISCOVERY OF A NEW IMMUNE REGULATOR." In Viruses: Discovering Big in Small. TORUS PRESS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/viruses-2019-07.

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Reports on the topic "Viruses"

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David Esteban, David Esteban. The Dirt on Viruses: Discovering the Role of Viruses in Soil. Experiment, February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/4577.

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Vaughn, James, William M. Balch, and James Novotny. Optical Properties of Viruses. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628528.

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3

Nasser, Abidelfatah, Charles Gerba, Badri Fattal, Tian-Chyi Yeh, and Uri Mingelgrin. Biocolloids Transport to Groundwater. United States Department of Agriculture, December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1997.7695834.bard.

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The first phase of the study was designed to determine the adsorption rate of viruses and microspheres to sandy and loamy soils and determine the adsorption efficiency of various viruses to soil. The adsorption of viruses to sandy and loamy soils has been found virus type dependent. The poorest adsorption was observed for MS2 bacteriophage while the greatest adsorption was observed for PRD-1. Adsorption sites on the soil material were not found as limiting factors for adsorption of viruses on soil material. The effect of water quality on adsorption has been found as virus type dependent. The adsorption process of microspheres to soil material has been found to be similar to that of viruses and occurs within a very short period of time. Carboxylated (negatively charged) microspheres seems to adsorb more efficiently than plain microspheres to soil material. At low temperatures (10oC), and under saturated conditions no virus die-off was observed, therefore under these conditions virus can survive for long period of time. At 23oC, and saturated conditions, the greatest die-off was observed for MS2 bacteriophage, whereas, negligible die-off was for PRD-1 bacteriophage and hepatitis A virus. Considering the survival results MS2 bacteriophages is not suitable as indicator for pathogenic viruses persistence in soil material. Furthermore, temperature, is more important than any other factor for the inactivation of viruses.
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4

Jordan, Ramon L., Abed Gera, Hei-Ti Hsu, Andre Franck, and Gad Loebenstein. Detection and Diagnosis of Virus Diseases of Pelargonium. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568793.bard.

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Pelargonium (Geranium) is the number one pot plant in many areas of the United States and Europe. Israel and the U.S. send to Europe rooted cuttings, foundation stocks and finished plants to supply a certain share of the market. Geraniums are propagated mainly vegetatively from cuttings. Consequently, viral diseases have been and remain a major threat to the production and quality of the crop. Among the viruses isolated from naturally infected geraniums, 11 are not specific to Pelargonium and occur in other crops while 6 other viruses seem to be limited to geranium. However, several of these viruses are not sufficiently characterized to conclude that they are distinct agents and their nomenclature and taxonomy are confusing. The ability to separate, distinguish and detect the different viruses in geranium will overcome obstacles te developing effective detection and certification schemes. Our focus was to further characterize some of these viruses and develop better methods for their detection and control. These viruses include: isolates of pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV), pelargonium ringspot virus (PelRSV), pelargonium flower break virus (PFBV), pelargonium leaf curl (PLCV), and tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV). Twelve hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies specific to a geranium isolate of TomRSV were produced. These antibodies are currently being characterized and will be tested for the ability to detect TomRSV in infected geraniums. The biological, biochemical and serological properties of four isometric viruses - PLPV, PelRSV, and PFBV (and a PelRSV-like isolate from Italy called GR57) isolated from geraniums exhibiting line and ring pattern or flower break symptoms - and an isolate ol elderbeny latent virus (ELV; which the literature indicates is the same as PelRSV) have been determined Cloned cDNA copies of the genomic RNAs of these viruses were sequenced and the sizes and locations of predicted viral proteins deduced. A portion of the putative replicase genes was also sequenced from cloned RT-PCR fragments. We have shown that, when compared to the published biochemical and serological properties, and sequences and genome organizations of other small isometric plant viruses, all of these viruses should each be considered new, distinct members of the Carmovirus group of the family Tombusviridae. Hybridization assays using recombinant DNA probes also demonstrated that PLPV, PelRSV, and ELV produce only one subgenomic RNA in infected plants. This unusual property of the gene expression of these three viruses suggests that they are unique among the Carmoviruses. The development of new technologies for the detection of these viruses in geranium was also demonstrated. Hybridization probes developed to PFBV (radioactively-labeled cRNA riboprobes) and to PLPV (non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled cDNAs) were generally shown to be no more sensitive for the detection of virus in infected plants than the standard ELISA serology-based assays. However, a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay was shown to be over 1000 times more sensitive in detecting PFBV in leaf extracts of infected geranium than was ELISA. This research has lead to a better understanding of the identity of the viruses infecting pelargonium and to the development of new tools that can be used in an improved scheme of providing virus-indexed pelargonium plants. The sequence information, and the serological and cloned DNA probes generated from this work, will allow the application of these new tools for virus detection, which will be useful in domestic and international indexing programs which are essential for the production of virus-free germplasm both for domestic markets and the international exchange of plant material.
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Wack, John P., and Lisa J. Carnahan. Computer viruses and related threats. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.500-166.

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6

Brown, D. R. An introduction to computer viruses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5608409.

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7

Brown, D. R. An introduction to computer viruses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10133178.

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8

Evans, Brian. Satellite Viruses: A Literature Review. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-1258.

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9

Valverde, Rodrigo A., Aviv Dombrovsky, and Noa Sela. Interactions between Bell pepper endornavirus and acute viruses in bell pepper and effect to the host. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598166.bard.

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Based on the type of relationship with the host, plant viruses can be grouped as acute or persistent. Acute viruses are well studied and cause disease. In contrast, persistent viruses do not appear to affect the phenotype of the host. The genus Endornavirus contains persistent viruses that infect plants without causing visible symptoms. Infections by endornaviruses have been reported in many economically important crops, such as avocado, barley, common bean, melon, pepper, and rice. However, little is known about the effect they have on their plant hosts. The long term objective of the proposed project is to elucidate the nature of the symbiotic interaction between Bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV) and its host. The specific objectives include: a) to evaluate the phenotype and fruit yield of endornavirus-free and endornavirus-infected bell pepper near-isogenic lines under greenhouse conditions; b) to conduct gene expression studies using endornavirus-free and endornavirus-infected bell pepper near-isogenic lines; and c) to study the interactions between acute viruses, Cucumber mosaic virus Potato virus Y, Pepper yellow leaf curl virus, and Tobacco etch virus and Bell pepper endornavirus. It is likely that BPEV in bell pepper is in a mutualistic relationship with the plant and provide protection to unknown biotic or abiotic agents. Nevertheless, it is also possible that the endornavirus could interact synergistically with acute viruses and indirectly or directly cause harmful effects. In any case, the information that will be obtained with this investigation is relevant to BARD’s mission since it is related to the protection of plants against biotic stresses.
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10

Victoria Pearson, Victoria Pearson. Discovering Novel Viruses in the Environment. Experiment, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/1440.

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