Academic literature on the topic 'VIRTUALL PAYMENTS'
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Journal articles on the topic "VIRTUALL PAYMENTS"
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Sabara, Edi, and Heriyanto. "SISTEM INFORMASI PEMBAYARAN SPP MENGGUNAKAN VIRTUAL ACCOUNT BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA SEKOLAH IMAM MUSLIM BEKASI." INFOTECH journal 9, no. 1 (February 20, 2023): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/infotech.v9i1.4648.
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Currently, the Imam Muslim School located on Jalan Raya Kranggan Gg Elang IX, Rt 002/Rw 003 Jatiraden, Jatisampurna, Bekasi, is still using manual bookkeeping and payment systems. With payment using a manual system this can make it difficult for students who want to make tuition payments, therefore the author is trying to create an Educational Contribution Payment Information System (SPP) program using a website-based virtual account using the PHP and MySQL programming languages. This system can simplify the process of operational activities in schools in managing tuition payments, reporting and also make it easier for students to make payments. Because payments can be made online through bank channels or modern payment channels such as Indomaret and Alfamart
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Padeli, Padeli, Eduard Hotman Purba, and Bonari Simanjuntak. "Analisa Pembayaran Perkuliahan Dengan Virtual Account Pada Universitas Raharja." CICES 6, no. 1 (February 5, 2020): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cices.v6i1.878.
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In the academic world, every educational institution must have a tuition payment system, and with the rapid technological advances nowadays, educational institutions are required to create systems that are effective and efficient and relevant to current technology which will make it superior in competition within the scope of relevant agencies. At Raharja University, lecture payments still use a conventional system where transfer students and campus staff check which is considered less efficient. In this study, the writer uses a SWOT analysis between the virtual account payment system and the running system. The purpose of this study is to recommend the use of a Virtual Account in the payment of lectures at Raharja University. This research is expected to be a problem solving alternative that makes it easier for students to make financial payments, as well as facilitate campus monitoring of campus payments.
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Lisanawati, Go, and Erly Aristo. "URGENSI PENGATURAN HUKUM CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCY DALAM DIMENSI ANTI PENCUCIAN UANG." Veritas et Justitia 8, no. 1 (June 27, 2022): 49–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25123/vej.v8i1.4520.
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The issue of digitalized forms of payment systems has required adjustment from a State to accomodate and respond. One of the issues is concerning the use of virtual currencies, and Central Bank Digital Currency. It requires the accomodative and responsive of the law instruments in Indonesia to arrange that issue. The payment systems’ policy in Indonesia has not placed any issues of crypto/digital currency as one of the payment methods. Central Bank Digital Currency is a the digital form of fiat money. Through the Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 18/40/PBI/2016 concerning Operation of Payments Transaction Processing, and Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 19/12/PBI/2017 concerning the Implementation of Financial Technology, it can be understood that Indonesia remain bans the use of any virtual currency as payment instruments. Central Bank Digital Currency has different form of virtual currencies which are not issued by the state, but it is remain called as virtual currencies. In fact, the use of virtual currencies has been exploited by money launderer to do laundering. Virtual currencies has no underlying asset or responsible authority or administrator, volatile, risky, and speculative. This article is a normative legal research method that will analyzed the direction in which Indonesian Law can headed Central Bank Digital Currency while the option has become more less for not response it. The result of this research has showed that it is urgently need for Bank Indonesia (as a central bank in Indonesia) to recognise Central Bank Digital Currency as payment’s instrument.
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Pozhydaeva, M. A. "EVOLUTION OF THE USE OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENT INSTRUMENTS: FINANCIAL AND LEGAL ASPECT." Legal horizons 33, no. 20 (2020): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2020.i20.p.
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The evolution of the use of electronic payment instruments from a finance law position is analyzed in the article. In the context of the latest technology dynamic introduction in the field of payments, the beginning of the history of modern electronic payment instruments can be conditionally linked to the creation of the London Clearing House in 1775 in the United Kingdom and the subsequent active use in the calculation of promissory notes and cheques, as well as other payment documents on the basis of the clearing. At the same time, we propose to periodize the evolution of the use of electronic payment instruments in the calculation of foreign and domestic experience, which includes three main stages: Stage I (end of the XVIII century – end of the XIX century) formation of legal preconditions for the birth of the first electronic payment instruments in the form of promissory notes and cheques, as well as payment documents on the basis of clearing; Stage II (XX century) electrification of payment transactions with the support of their electronic means of payment (bank cards, mobile payment instruments), electronic purses for initiating payments, as well as the use of the first electronic money in order to pay for goods and services. Stage III (XXI Century – nowadays) digitization of payments, characterized by the active use of contactless chipped cards, contactless mobile instruments, electronic money, electronic payment means based on widespread electronic payments in the world of electronic payment ecosystems, such as PayPal (1998), Payoneer (2005), Skrill (2001), Stripe (2009), TransferWise (2010), etc., virtual money in the form of virtual currencies, Quick Response codes, and the introduction of digital currencies of central banks. The suggested periodization of the evolution of electronic payment instruments is based on historical facts, economic conditions, the introduction of the latest financial technologies, national preferences, and the legislation development in the field of payments. At the same time, the genesis specificity of the use of electronic payment instruments in Ukraine is conditioned by the imperfect special law on payment systems and the transfer of funds, which, unfortunately, does not meet the current international and European Union standards. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reform outdated domestic legislation in the field of payments by adopting a new Law of Ukraine «On Payment Services». Keywords: electronic payment instrument, electronic means of payment, use of electronic payment instruments, electronic payment instruments evolution, financе law.
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Pozhydaeva, M. A. "Evolution of the use of electronic payment instruments: financial and legal aspect." Legal horizons, no. 20 (2020): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2020.i20.p82.
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The evolution of the use of electronic payment instruments from a finance law position is analyzed in the article. In the context of the latest technology dynamic introduction in the field of payments, the beginning of the history of modern electronic payment instruments can be conditionally linked to the creation of the London Clearing House in 1775 in the United Kingdom and the subsequent active use in the calculation of promissory notes and cheques, as well as other payment documents on the basis of clearing. At the same time, we propose to periodize the evolution of the use of electronic payment instruments in the calculation of foreign and domestic experience, which includes three main stages: Stage I (end of the XVIII century – end of the XIX century) formation of legal preconditions for the birth of the first electronic payment instruments in the form of promissory notes and cheques, as well as payment documents on the basis of clearing; Stage II (XX century) electronization of payment transactions with the support of their electronic means of payment (bank cards, mobile payment instruments), electronic purses for initiating payments, as well as the use of the first electronic money in order to pay for goods and services. Stage III (XXI Century – nowadays) digitization of payments, characterized by the active use of contactless chipped cards, contactless mobile instruments, electronic money, electronic payment means based on widespread electronic payments in the world of electronic payment ecosystems, such as PayPal (1998), Payoneer (2005), Skrill (2001), Stripe (2009), TransferWise (2010), etc., virtual money in the form of virtual currencies, Quick Response codes, and the introduction of digital currencies of central banks. The suggested periodization of the evolution of electronic payment instruments is based on historical facts, economic conditions, the introduction of the latest financial technologies, national preferences and the legislation development in the field of payments. At the same time, the genesis specificity of the use of electronic payment instruments in Ukraine is conditioned by the imperfect special law on payment systems and the transfer of funds, which, unfortunately, does not meet the current international and European Union standards. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reform outdated domestic legislation in the field of payments by adopting a new Law of Ukraine «On Payment Services».
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Muralidhara, S. V. "UPI Challenges and Direction in Fund Management with Special Reference Banking Sector." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 1588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39592.
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Abstract: After demonetization, there was a massive requirement for currency notes, but the government was unable to provide the required quantity of currency notes, and also Indian government wanted to promote cashless transactions. UPI is built over Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) for transferring funds using Virtual Payment Address (a unique ID provided by the bank). Unified Payments Interface is a payment system launched by (NPCI), which is National Payments Corporation of India, and is regulated by the (RBI) Reserve Bank of India, which provides the facility of instant fund transfer between two bank accounts online through payment apps. Digital transactions by UPI have been made very easy. The UPI service is available 24X7, and it is not like RTGS and NEFT, which do not work on holidays and non-banking hours. This will bring tremendous efficiency to the system and help India become a cashless economy. Keywords: Digital illiteracy, Online payments, cashless economy UPI, Mobile phone, digital payment mode
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Maysharoh, Noor Anida, and Isna Fitria Agustina. "Efektifitas Pembayaran Iuran BPJS Kesehatan Dengan Sistem 1 Virtual Account (VA) Keluarga." JKMP (Jurnal Kebijakan dan Manajemen Publik) 6, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jkmp.v6i1.1916.
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This study was conducted aimed at describing and analyzing the effectiveness of BPJS Health contribution payments with the 1 Virtual Account (VA) Family system and to find out the factors that influence BPJS Health contribution payments with the 1 Virtual Account (VA) Family system. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection carried out by observing, documenting, and interviewing informants and using sources of books, journals, and documents related to BPJS Kesehatan. The results of this study are that the payment of contributions made by a family 1 VA system is quite effective because with this system payments are made easier and faster, besides that the participants save more on administrative costs, besides being able to increase the flexibility of contributions because participants pay their contributions collectively in 1 household. In addition, there are factors that influence payment of BPJS Health contributions with the 1 Virtual Account (VA) Family system, namely the lack of knowledge of participants, lack of community participation, low income, considerable expenditure each month, motivation and distance.
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Mariati, Mei Hotma. "PEMANFAATAN SISTEM PEMBAYARAN ELEKTRONIK UNTUK MENGEFISIENKAN WAKTU MENYELESAIKAN PEKERJAAN DI UNIVERSITAS HKBP NOMMENSEN." Journal of Economics and Business 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36655/jeb.v2i1.522.
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This study aims to find out the reasons why students are required to submit three copies of proof of payment and the reasons for the Nommensen HKBP University so that it only applies the transfer method via ATM as an electronic payment procedure for students.
The results of the research were obtained using the descriptive method that so far students have paid tuition fees through BRI using manual code 034. The foundation cannot receive details of the source of revenue and allocation of cash disbursements, providing an explanation why the foundation requires students to submit 3 photocopies of proof of payment of obligations. (three) sheets. When the payment is due, a very long queue will occur. Including going to the TU to generate payments also has its own obstacles for students. So that the university must switch to a virtual account (VA) because it not only makes the transaction process easier, but also has several benefits that are added value services, such as (1) Can accept payments from all banks. (2) Students do not need to confirm and check payment manually. (3) Funds go to campus accounts instantly on the same day. (4) Mapping of Virtual Account numbers that can be adjusted to the campus (for example: BRI Virtual Account Numbers on the campus of the HKBP Nommensen University, must be adjusted to the Student's NPM). (5) Not using campus deposit slips.
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Sopingi, Ety Meikati, and Wijiyanto. "Application of the Rational Unified Process Method in Web Service Development Payment System Integration with Multibank Virtual Accounts." Jurnal E-Komtek (Elektro-Komputer-Teknik) 5, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37339/e-komtek.v5i1.565.
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The Payment System is a series of interconnected components consisting of rules, institutions, and procedures used for money transactions in fulfilling the obligations of economic activities. The Duta Bangsa University of Surakarta is a case study in this research where the student payment system is still a billing system. The faculty finance department gives bills tuition fees to students one by one. Moreover, it determines the bank used for payments. It resulted in quite many queues when filling out the study plan card (KRS) and exams. This research aims to produce a web service application and standardization with good performance in the payment process at Duta Bangsa University through virtual accounts from various banks and payment channels. The method used to achieve the authors' goals in this study is the Rational Unified Process (RUP) method. The research result is a web service application that can make invoices, inquiries, payments, and reversals of various bank payment channels. The User Acceptance Test results show a very agreeable value of 94.17%, so that the web service is feasible for the production version application. While testing the response time to measure performance for 7 (seven) days, the average response time was 0.49809 seconds.
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Gobena, Messay Asgedom. "The Regulation of Cryptocurrencies under Ethiopian Legal Norms." Mizan Law Review 15, no. 1 (September 30, 2021): 173–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mlr.v15i1.6.
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Cryptocurrencies are a subset of virtual currencies that have been devised for anonymous payments made entirely independent of governments and traditional financial institutions. The payment system of cryptocurrencies is expanding at a rapid pace and has reached Ethiopia. This article examines the extent to which cryptocurrencies are regulated under Ethiopia’s national payment system and anti-money laundering legal norms. The study has employed doctrinal research supported by in-depth interviews. During the last decade, Ethiopia has adopted several legal frameworks that govern different aspects of the payments landscape, most notably regarding payment services and electronic money. The country has anti-money laundering legal norms that are embodied in domestic laws and international and regional instruments that it has ratified. However, these legal norms have strategic deficiencies in regulating cryptocurrencies. Thus, the government of Ethiopia should consider enacting a comprehensive law that regulates the payment system of cryptocurrencies.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "VIRTUALL PAYMENTS"
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Vyšniauskas, Jonas. "Atsiskaitymai e. versle: ypatumai ir naujos tendencijos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140127_132836-89458.
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Alternatyvių atsiskaitymų e. versle sistemos pradeda kelti rimtą grėsmę tradiciniams atsiskaitymams elektronine bankininkyste, mokėjimo kortelėmis ar grynaisiais pinigais. Todėl būtina detaliau išsiaiškinti kokie yra alternatyvių atsiskaitymų ypatumai, kurie veiksniai vartotojams yra svarbiausi ir kokie yra alternatyvūs atsiskaitymo būdai. Tai siekiama padaryti išanalizuojant mokslinę literatūrą, pateikiant pagrindines alternatyvių atsiskaitymų sistemas, atliekant alternatyvių atsiskaitymų palyginamąją analizę ir vartotojų bei verslo subjektų naudojimosi alternatyviais atsiskaitymais ypatumų tyrimą.
Tyrime ir darbe naudojami įvairūs mokslinės analizės metodai. Įvairios mokslinės literatūros, leidinių, straipsnių, naujienų ir kitų tyrimų ir šaltinių teorinė analizė. Įvairi statistika paimta iš įvairių statistiką renkančių tinklalapių bei institucijų, bei atliktas nestandartinis empirinis tyrimas anketinė apklausa ir tirta tikslinė internetinė bendruomenė, kuri naudojasi alternatyviais atsiskaitymais. Šiuo tyrimu siekiama atskleisti alternatyvių atsiskaitymų ypatumus ir tendencijas.
Darbo rezultatai teigia, jog pagrindinės naudojamos sistemos yra PayPal, Mokėjimai.lt, Skrill, WebMoney, BitCoin ir kitos anonimiškumu pasižymėjusios nebeveikiančios sistemos (E-Gold, LibertyReserve ir kt.). Respondentai renkasi alternatyvius atsiskaitymo metodus atsiskaitant gyvenime ir perkant internetinėje parduotuvėje, jei tik yra tokia galimybė. Taip pat galima daryti išvadą, jog respondentai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Alternative payments in e. business begin to pose a serious threat to the traditional payments such as electronic banking, credit and debit cards or cash. Therefore, it is necessary to find out what are the features of alternative payment methods, which factors are the most important and what are the trends. All this work is done by analyzing the scientific literature, introducing main alternative payment systems, making the alternative payment system comparative analysis and making a survey of consumer and business use of the alternative payment system features and trends. There are various techniques used in this study. Theoretical analysis is done in the use of various scientific literatures, publications, articles, news and other sources of research papers. Various statistics are taken from various websites and other sources. The study includes a non-standard empirical survey on target group of the online community, which uses alternative payment systems. This study aims to reveal the alternative payment features and trends. The results display that the main system used are PayPal, Mokėjimai.lt, Skrill, WebMoney, BitCoin and other distinguished defunct anonymous systems (E-gold, LibertyReserve, etc.). Respondents prefer alternative methods when buying in e. shop if there is only such a possibility. It can also be concluded that the respondents are more likely to give up banks and their payment methods rather than cash payments. Respondents also notice that the use of... [to full text]
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Holt, Jim. "New Payment Models Within a Virtual Practice." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6452.
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Bol, Simona, and Ajla Ceric. "Bitcoin - ett hållbart betalningsmedel? : En transaktionskostnadsanalys av Bitcoin som betalningsmedel jämfört med traditionella betalningsmedel." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-118012.
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Bakgrund: Riksbanken har haft sedelmonopol sedan 1897, vilket har inneburit att de sedan dess har haft ensamrätt att ge ut pengar. Den teknologiska utvecklingen och den ökade användningen av internet har lett till att virtuella samfund har utvecklats och i vissa fall har dessa samhällen skapat sin egen valuta. Bitcoin är världens första helt decentraliserade valuta och baserades i början av sin existens på teknisk nyfikenhet för en handfull hobbyister. Under de senaste åren har efterfrågan på bitcoins ökat vilket i sin tur har lett till att kursen stigit explosivartat.Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att kartlägga och analysera de transaktionskostnader som kan uppstå när Bitcoin används som betalningsmedel, samt jämföra dessa kostnader med de transaktionskostnader som är förenade med användandet av traditionella betalningsmedel. Genomförande: Studien har genomförts genom en blandning av ett kvalitativt och ett kvantitativt tillvägagångssätt samt genom en bearbetning av transaktionskostnadsteorin inom ramen för ny institutionell teori. Empirin består av tre delar där studien inleds med en litteraturstudie för att läsaren ska få en inblick i vad Bitcoin är och hur valutan fungerar. Därefter presenteras det kvalitativa angreppssättet i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer och avslutningsvis presenteras studiens kvantitativa angreppsätt i form av en enkätstudie för att kartlägga användandet av bitcoin.Slutsats: Studien visar att transaktionskostnaderna för Bitcoin är högre än för traditionella betalningsmedel i och med att valutan i dagsläget är beroende av den traditionella infrastrukturen för betalningar samt att dess användare därutöver frånsäger sig det skyddsnät som traditionella betalningsmedel omfattas av. För att Bitcoin ska bli ett etablerat betalningsmedel krävs det att de grundläggande funktionerna för pengar uppfylls. Något som studien visar är bristfälligt i nulägeBackground: The Swedish central bank has had a currency monopoly since 1897, which has meant that they since then have had exclusive right to issue money. Technological advances and the increasing use of the Internet has led to an evolvement of virtual communities and in some cases these communities created their own currency. Bitcoin is the worlds first fully decentralized currency. In the beginning the currency was based on technological curiosity to a handful of hobbyists. In recent years demand for bitcoins has increased, which has led to a dramatic price increase.Aim: The purpose of this thesis is to identify and analyze the transaction costs that may arise when Bitcoin is used as means of payment, and to compare these costs with the transaction costs associated with the use of traditional means of payment. Completion: The study was conducted through a mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches as well as a processing of the transaction cost theory in the context of new institutional theory. The empirical material consists of three parts in which the study begins with a literature review for the reader to get a glimpse of what Bitcoin is and how the currency works. The qualitative approach is in the form of semi-structured interviews and finally the study's quantitative approach is presented in the form of a questionnaire to survey the use of bitcoin.Conclusion: The study shows that Bitcoins transaction costs are higher than conventional means of payments when account is taken to the fact that the currency is dependent on the current financial structure. The user furthermore disclaims the safety net that traditional means of payments offer. For Bitcoin to become an established means of payment it requires that the basic functions of money are fulfilled which the study shows is inadequate.
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Olsson, Viktor. "Bitcoin : Framtidens valuta?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för nationalekonomi och statistik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-32480.
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Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka Bitcoins egenskaper och funktioner samt diskutera dess eventuella påverkan på dagens ekonomiska system. Den forskning som publicerats på ämnet undersöker främst tekniska och säkerhetsmässiga detaljer, det är därför intressant att analysera ur en ekonomisk synvinkel. Genom att använda makroekonomisk teori ska jag försöka klargöra om Bitcoin kan konkurrera med dagens valutor. Bitcoins volatilitet i värde gör det tvivelaktigt, en volatilitet som inte kan kontrolleras. Bitcoin uppfyller delar av de funktioner och egenskaper som definierar en valuta enligt makroekonomisk teori, men inte lika många som fiatpengar och Bitcoin bör därför inte kunna konkurrera med dagens valutor. Fiatpengar är att föredra även i andra områden som acceptans och säkerhet. Bitcoin är bättre ur ett kostnadsperspektiv, dock under specifika omständigheter som sällan uppfylls. Bitcoin kommer därför tills vidare fungera som ett alternativ betalningssystem och valuta för personer och företag som är villiga att ta de risker som medföljer.The aim of this thesis is to investigate Bitcoins attributes and functions and discuss its effect on today’s economic system. The academic work that been published on the subject investigate technical and safety aspects, it is therefore interesting to analyse from a macroeconomic point of view. By using macroeconomic theory I will try to clarify if Bitcoin can compete with today’s currencies. Bitcoins volatility in value makes it doubtful. Bitcoins volatility in value makes it questionable, a volatility that cannot be controlled. Bitcoin meet part of the functions and characteristics that define a currency as macroeconomic theory, but not as many as fiatmoney and should therefore not be able to compete with today's currencies. Fiatmoney is preferable also in other areas such as acceptance and security. Bitcoin is better from a cost perspective, but under specific circumstances that are rarely met. Bitcoin will therefore until further serve as an alternative payment system and currency individuals and companies that are willing to take the risks included.
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Arce, Castelo Jose Ramiro, Nuñez Maria del Carmen Salas, and Machicao Marco Iván Zegarra. "Propuesta para mejorar la confianza en el uso del Bitcoin como medio de pago en las empresas peruanas, 2019." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/628038.
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El intercambio de las personas, en relación a los bienes y servicios, registra modificaciones, de medios y lugares; se aprecia el trueque, el patrón de metales preciosos, el papel de los chinos del siglo IX, …, también, como se pasa de las plazas de las ciudades, los buques, …, a la internet. Las personas fueron depositando confianza en cada cambio que se registra en la historia. Estos cambios llegan el día de hoy a las denominadas monedas virtuales o criptomonedas. Esto es lo que origina el objetivo del presente trabajo, desarrollar una propuesta para que el uso del Bitcoin sea empleado como medio de pago en las empresas peruanas. Para ello, se consideró la entrevista a personas que usan Bitcoin en sus transacciones comerciales en el Perú y la entrevista desarrollada a 61 empresarios escogidos bajo la muestra de conveniencia, ubicados en la ciudad de Arequipa. La criptomoneda más empleada es el Bitcoin que aparece en el 2009. Las criptomonedas no tienen ley, ni le pertenecen a nadie, es solo la confianza que se tiene en estas, las que pueden hacerla posicionar. Para lograr mejorar esta confianza, se proponen estrategias de comunicación y capacitación, para crear una oportunidad alguna persona, natural o jurídica, que apoye a las empresas que deseen hacer uso del Bitcoin, siendo el 4.9% del total que existen. Las empresas que usan bitcoin, los motiva el hecho que un cliente desee pagar con ello y la falta de conocimiento, es la principal causa para que no lo usen.The exchange of people, in relation to goods and services, registers changes, of means and places; Barter is appreciated, the pattern of precious metals, the role of the Chinese of the ninth century, ..., also, as it passes from the squares of the city, ships, ..., to the internet. People were placing confidence in every change that is recorded in the story. These changes come today to so-called virtual currencies or cryptocurrencies. This is what originates the objective of this work, to develop a proposal so that the use of Bitcoin is used as a means of payment in Peruvian companies. For this, the interview was considered to people who use Bitcoin in their commercial transactions in Peru and the interview developed to 61 businessmen chosen under the convenience sample, located in the city of Arequipa. The most used cryptocurrency is the Bitcoin that appears in 2009. The cryptocurrencies have no law, nor belong to anyone, it is only the confidence that you have in these, which can make it position. In order to improve this trust, communication and training strategies are proposed, to create an opportunity for any individual, natural or legal, that supports companies that wish to use Bitcoin, 4.9% of the total that exist. Companies that use bitcoin, are motivated by the fact that a customer wants to pay with it and the lack of knowledge, is the main cause for not using it.
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Malm, Victor, and Tobias Bjurhall. "Virtuella valutor : riskanalys av nya betalningsmedel." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-556.
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Historien om betalningsmedel vänder under 2010-talet blad och börjar på ett nyttkapitel. Nästa steg i den monetära utvecklingen sker när de virtuella valutorna ökar ianvändning. Den virtuella valutan Bitcoin introducerades av Satoshi Nakamato år2009 och är en digital valuta, vilket innebär att den inte är kopplad till någon fysisktillgång med rättslig innebörd. När ett nytt betalningsmedel introduceras ärfundamentala faktorer gällande samhällets acceptans och nyttjande ett ekonomisktpussel. Hur kommer det sig att individer byter verkliga varor mot en papperssedel, ettmynt eller en elektronisk signal? Att inneha och aktivt använda nya betalningsmedelsom virtuella valutor medför risker som många inte är bekanta vid. Organisationeroch konsumenter som öppnar upp portarna för nya betalningsmedel måste ha kunskapom dess konsekvenser, både positiva och negativa. Studien syftar till att belysa derisker som uppstår när nya betalningsmedel som Bitcoin gör entré. Forskningsfrågankring vilka risker innehav och nyttjande av virtuella valutor medför besvaras genomen kvalitativ analys av främst forskningsartiklar. Vår studie tyder på att riskerna kringvirtuella valutor som Bitcoin relaterar till förtroende för betalningsmedlet. De flestariskerna uppstår vid innehav av Bitcoin och relaterar inte till tekniska faktorer.The history of means of payment is taking new shape during the 2010:th decade andstarts on a new chapter. The next step in the monetary evolution will take place oncevirtual currencies become more frequently used. The virtual currency called Bitcoinwas introduced by Satoshi Nakamoto in the year of 2009 and is a digital currency,which means that it is not connected to a physical good with a forensic purpose.When a new mean of payment is introduced fundamental factors regarding theacceptance of society and utilization becomes a financial puzzle. How can it be thatindividuals exchange physical goods for a paper bill, a coin or just somethingelectronic? To possess Bitcoin and to use new means of payment on a frequent basisbring risks many users are not familiar with. Organizations and consumers whomopen up their gates to new means of payment need to gain knowledge ofconsequences both positive and negative. The purpose of this study is to highlight theaforementioned risks, which arise from the fact that new means of payment likeBitcoin is introduced. The research issue regarding which risks may arise frompossession and usage of virtual currencies are concluded by a qualitative analysisresearch containing mostly scientific articles. Our study depicts that the risksassociated with virtual currencies like Bitcoin, are all somehow related to the trust forthe specific mean of payment. Most risks arise from actually possessing a Bitcoin andhence not as much related to the technological element.
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Guler, Sevil. "Secure Bitcoin Wallet." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-177587.
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Virtual currencies and mobile banking are technology advancements that are receiving increased attention in the global community because of their accessibility, convenience and speed. However, this popularity comes with growing security concerns, like increasing frequency of identity theft, leading to bigger problems which put user anonymity at risk. One possible solution for these problems is using cryptography to enhance security of Bitcoin or other decentralised digital currency systems and to decrease frequency of attacks on either communication channels or system storage. This report outlines various methods and solutions targeting these issues and aims to understand their effectiveness. It also describes Secure Bitcoin Wallet, standard Bitcoin transactions client, enhanced with various security features and services.
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GULIANI, TANUJ. "CONSUMER’S PERCEPTION ON INCREASING USE OF MOBILE WALLETS IN INDIA." Thesis, 2019. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/17352.
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TheItermIpaymentIisIasIoldIasIhumanIcivilization,IsinceIthenItheIpaymentIindustryIhasIundergoneIaIdr asticItransitionIfromIbarterIsystemItoIvirtualIpayments(mobileIwallets).BarterIsystemIanIageIoldImetho dIofIexchangeIwhichIhasIbeenIusedIforIcenturiesIlongIbeforeImoneyIwasIinvented,IpeopleIexchange dIgoodsIandIservicesIforIotherIgoodsIandIservicesIinIreturn.ITheItradingIsystemIexpandedIitsIbounda riesItowardsIexchangingIpreciousImetalsIlikeIcopper,Ibronze,IgoldIetc.IWithItheIadventIofItheIindustr ialIrevolutionIinItheI18thIcentury,IbankingIsystemIwasIadoptedIasIstandardIpaymentIandIasIaImoneta ryIregulatingIbody.IThisIledItoItheIdevelopmentIofIotherImodesIlikeIloans,IsavingsIa/c,IwithdrawalsI etc.IAfterItheIsuccessIofIbankingIsystem,IourIcashIbasedIsocietyIevolvedIthroughIinternet,IthisIledItoI buildingIupIofIvariousIelectronicIpaymentIsystemsIlikeIDebitIcard,ICreditIcard,IEchequesIandIisInowI pushingIintoItheIdigitalIfrontierIofIvirtualIwalletI(mobileIplatform).IMOBILEITECHNOLOGYI hasI paved I aI wayI throughIwhichIpeopleIandIbusinessesIbuyIandIsellItheIgoodsIandIservices.IWithI thisIadvancementIinItechnology,IthingsIaroundIusIhaveIdrasticallyIchanged.IAsIsmartIphonesIhaveI becomeImoreIaffordableI&Iprevalent,IitIcatersItoImansIcomfortI&IconveniencesIi.e.IorderingIfood,I onlineIshopping,IbookingI movieIticketsIetc.
WithItheIintroductionIofIdigitalIwalIetsIinIearlyI90’sIpioneeredIbyISamIPitrodaIwithItheIvision,Iunde rlyingItheIneedsIofItheIcustomersanIeasyItoIuseIinterface,IabilityItoIsecurelyItransactIinItheIvirtualIandIrealIworld,IinIcameIappbasedIwalletsIsuchIasIPaytm,IMobikwik,IFreechargeIetc,IwhichIhasIbecomeIextremelyIconvenientIfor IaIpersonItoImakeIcashlessItransactions.IMobileIwalletIisIequivalentItoIphysicalIwallet,IitIprovidesIaIp latformIforItheIuserItoIkeepImoneyIinIitIasIthatIofIanIbankIaccountIi.e.ItheIuserIneedsItoImakeIanIa ccountIwithIaImobileIwalletIprovider,ImoneyIcanIbeIloadedItoItheIMwalletIaccountIusingIaIdebitIcard,IcreditIcard,IbankIaccountIetc.ITheImoneyIloadedIbyItheIuserIcanI beIusedItoIpayIforIgoodsI&Iservices,ItransferIfundsIfromItheirImobileIwalletIthroughIaIsimpleISMSI orIviaINearIFieldICommunicationsI(NFC)IorItheIwalletIservicesIthatItakesIinItheIusersIpaymentIinfor mationIandIpaysItheIusersIbillsIinstantlyIforIcertainIservices.IRBIIhasIincreasedItheImoneyIloadingIlimi tIfromIRsI5,000/-ItoIRsI1,00,000/-I.
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Liu, Ya-Chi, and 劉雅綺. "A Study of E-commerce for Virtual Payment of User’s Expectations - Mobile Payments as Example." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/925jv9.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
工業教育學系
104
With rapid development of e-commerce, buying and paying habits are thoroughly being converteded from conventional ones. Today's consumers use all kinds of mobile devices overwheilmingly in their daily lives (Adopting mobile payment is to complete transaction via virtual chanels) so while choosing mobile payment they will be more aware of the risk than they shop in physique stores.With this factor will affect consumers' attidude and intentions to use mobile payment. This study is basically composed with two major thories of TAM and UTAUT to provide a wider understanding about users' expectation toward mobile payment. WIth adding two more concepts of e-commerce security and trust and danger toward in the virtual world helps to fathom how they affect users' attitude and intentions. The study result shows that network security is the most concern for users to adopt mobile payment. As long as network security is securely encaanced to eliminate uncertainty for users and operation interfeces are more user-friendly, consumers will possess confidence to use mobile payment. Taiwan government and service providers should coopeate closely together to create a better mobile payment envrionment so it will bring more business opportunities and values.
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PENG, YU-HSUAN, and 彭裕宣. "A Reason of Attitude and Intention for payments of Virtual Currency." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rz799s.
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碩士輔仁大學
資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
107
Breast With the development of the Internet, the possibility of currency creation has been constantly changing. The countries in the world use paper with complex images as a common currency, which limits the possibility of everyone’s imagination of the currency. People are playing virtual games in online games and even shopping. More and more activities and platforms also accept virtual currency. The current virtual currency is booming, except for the bitcoin that is soaring on the Internet. Home banks, e-commerce platforms, are also actively developing their own virtual currency. In addition to virtual currency, the development and rise of third-party payment has driven the evolution of e-commerce, and the payment behavior of virtual currency will be future action. An inevitable trend in payments and cross-border payments. The purpose of this study is to analyze the general consumer's payment method for virtual currency payment from the arguments of perceptual ease of use, perceptual usefulness and perceptual value, and to explore its attitude and use of virtual currency. Willingness and data analysis and verification through the online questionnaire, the results are as follows: 1. Perceptual usefulness has a positive relationship with the attitude of use, it is generally believed that the use of virtual currency payment is helpful for life use 2. Perceptual ease of use User attitudes have a positive relationship, and payment using virtual currency is convenient and fast. 3. Perceptual value has a positive relationship with the attitude of use, users will be willing to get extra bonuses to use virtual currency as a payment tool. 4. User attitude has a positive relationship to the willingness to use, when the major super-business When the e-commerce platform supports virtual currency for payment, it will increase the willingness to use.
Books on the topic "VIRTUALL PAYMENTS"
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Hance, Olivier. The new virtual money: Law and practice. The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1999.
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Tomlinson, Jim. The Balance of Payments. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786092.003.0010.
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This chapter traces the changing representation of the balance-of-payments ‘problem’ from the 1940s through the post-war period, and the reasons for its virtual disappearance as an important narrative about the economy in the last quarter of the twentieth century. The balance of payments is an especially striking case of both the malleability and partiality of narratives deployed to seek to persuade the public of the importance of an economic policy issue. This chapter also shows the possibility of long-standing economic ‘problems’, once deemed vital to the national economy’s management, disappearing from view as new ways of looking at economic issues, linked to changing institutional arrangements and doctrines, come to the fore.
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Simon, Gleeson, and Guynn Randall. Part I Elements of Bank Resolution Regimes, 1 Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199698011.003.0001.
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The introduction discusses why dealing with insolvent banks is fundamentally different from dealing with insolvent commercial companies. In ordinary corporate insolvency practice, commercial companies can be allowed to continue to operate while insolvent, by suspending payments on their financial liabilities while continuing to make payments on their commercial liabilities. This allows them to be reorganized or recapitalized rather than liquidated, which almost always results in better recoveries for their creditors, including their financial creditors. The problem in applying this model to a bank is that with a bank there is no meaningful distinction between financial and commercial liabilities. Virtually all bank liabilities are financial liabilities. Instead, the important distinction for banks is between long-term unsecured debt and other capital structure liabilities on the one hand, and short-term unsecured debt and other operating liabilities on the other. Banks can be allowed to continue operating after they reach the point of insolvency if their capital structure liabilities are made subordinate to their operating liabilities in advance. If that has been done, payments on their capital structure liabilities can be suspended while payments on their operating liabilities continue to be made after they reach the point of insolvency and they can be recapitalized (made solvent again) by converting their long-term unsecured debt into equity. This approach should stem runs, avoid contagion and preserve their critical operations for the benefit of the economy as a whole, and also result in better recoveries for all creditors, including the holders of their capital structure liabilities, compared to an immediate liquidation.
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Электронная коммерция: маркетинговые сети и инфраструктура рынка. Moscow, Russia: Экономика, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "VIRTUALL PAYMENTS"
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Wolf, Redmar A. "Virtual Currencies, M-Payments and VAT: Ready for the Future?" In Bitcoin and Mobile Payments, 231–49. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57512-8_10.
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Vardi, Noah. "Bit by Bit: Assessing the Legal Nature of Virtual Currencies." In Bitcoin and Mobile Payments, 55–71. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57512-8_3.
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Jourenko, Maxim, Mario Larangeira, and Keisuke Tanaka. "Lightweight Virtual Payment Channels." In Cryptology and Network Security, 365–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65411-5_18.
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Kaiser, Carolin. "The Classification of Virtual Currencies and Mobile Payments in Terms of the Old and New European Anti-Money Laundering Frameworks." In Bitcoin and Mobile Payments, 203–30. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57512-8_9.
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Chun, Soon Ae, Yoo Jung An, James Geller, and Sunju Park. "Fuzzy Virtual Card Agent for Customizing Divisible Card Payments." In E-Commerce and Web Technologies, 287–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11545163_29.
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Reichenbach, Martin. "Individuelle Risikohandhabung — Konzept des Virtual Internet Payment Assistants." In Individuelle Risikohandhabung elektronischer Zahlungssysteme, 141–61. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-90298-6_7.
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Ramana, Solleti, N. Bhaskar, M. V. Ramana Murthy, and M. Raghavender Sharma. "Machine Learning for a Payment Security Evaluation System for Mobile Networks." In Intelligent Communication Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks, 347–56. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1767-9_26.
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Swain, Sukanta Chandra, and Surya Kesh. "Digital Modes of Payment: Usage of Plastic Money and Virtual Wallet in India." In Smart Intelligent Computing and Applications, 123–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9690-9_13.
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Conti, Mauro, Denis Donadel, Radha Poovendran, and Federico Turrin. "EVExchange: A Relay Attack on Electric Vehicle Charging System." In Computer Security – ESORICS 2022, 488–508. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17140-6_24.
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AbstractTo support the increasing spread of Electric Vehicles (EVs), Charging Stations (CSs) are being installed worldwide. The new generation of CSs employs the Vehicle-To-Grid (V2G) paradigm by implementing novel standards such as the ISO 15118. This standard enables high-level communication between the vehicle and the charging column, helps manage the charge smartly, and simplifies the payment phase. This novel charging paradigm, which connects the Smart Grid to external networks (e.g., EVs and CSs), has not been thoroughly examined yet. Therefore, it may lead to dangerous vulnerability surfaces and new research challenges.In this paper, we present EVExchange, the first attack to steal energy during a charging session in a V2G communication: i.e., charging the attacker’s car while letting the victim pay for it. Furthermore, if reverse charging flow is enabled, the attacker can even sell the energy available on the victim’s car! Thus, getting the economic profit of this selling, and leaving the victim with a completely discharged battery. We developed a virtual and a physical testbed in which we validate the attack and prove its effectiveness in stealing the energy. To prevent the attack, we propose a lightweight modification of the ISO 15118 protocol to include a distance bounding algorithm. Finally, we validated the countermeasure on our testbeds. Our results show that the proposed countermeasure can identify all the relay attack attempts while being transparent to the user.
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Seetharaman, A., and John Rudolph Raj. "Evolution, Development and Growth of Electronic Money." In E-Adoption and Socio-Economic Impacts, 249–68. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-597-1.ch013.
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Traditional cash has long been envisioned to be replaced with ‘virtual’ or electronic cash. Electronic money and electronic payment systems for retail transactions are commanding widespread attention. Undeniably, electronic payment cites advantages such as efficiency and convenience to the consumers. However, with the rapid change and advances in technology, has posed significant risks, related to ensuring security and integrity of electronic payment systems in today’s cyber world. Therefore, this study attempts to understand the role of electronic payments for consumers, and to identify the problems and solutions in the emergence of electronic payments. This study also explores the challenges of electronic payments from a security perspective, in particular, and provides preliminary security countermeasures for each of the issues discussed. Beside that, the study also discusses further on the prospects of electronic payment systems. It is essential to put in place an integrated, overall risk-management approach to security, including independent security assessments as one of the components in the use of electronic payment products.
Conference papers on the topic "VIRTUALL PAYMENTS"
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Đurđević Babić, Ivana, and Ivana Bestvina Bukvić. "The Effect of Students’ Self-Reported Information and Informatics Literacy on Financial Literacy and the Use of Online Payment." In 80th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2022.17.
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In today’s world, where almost everything takes place in the virtual world, information and informatics, as well as financial literacy are becoming increasingly important. Although most of the university students are considered to be sufficiently information and informatics literate, the Covid-19 pandemic has confirmed how necessary it is to possess the skills and knowledge related to these literacies in order to maintain quality of life by using new financial technologies and be effective in various spheres of life. This study investigated whether there is connection between these two literacies and financial literacy of university students. Also, students’ demographic data, Internet use, agreement with statements concerning information and informatics literacy as well as the use of payment services before and after the Covid-19 pandemic was explored. In addition, the research aim was also to see if acceptable neural network model could be made for distinguishing students based on their reported financial literacy. Monte Carlo exact test showed that there is statistically significant association at the 0.05 level of significance between the self-reported informatics literacy and information literacy (p = .000, two-sided), age (p = .027, two-sided) and by making payments via digital wallets in 2021 (p = .007, two-sided) and 2020 year (p = .024, two-sided). Also, Monte Carlo exact test showed that there is statistically significant correlation at the 0.05 level of significance between respondents’ information literacy and their work experience (p = .005, two-sided) and who covers their life expenses (p=.019, two-sided). The Monte Carlo test also showed that both of these literacies have statistically significant relationship with financial literacy (p = .000, two-sided), but statistically significant relationship was not found between financial literacy and payments via digital wallets. Concerning the neural network approach, the obtained multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network model gained overall efficiency of 97.5% in distinguishing students based on their level of financial literacy.
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Dziembowski, Stefan, Lisa Eckey, Sebastian Faust, and Daniel Malinowski. "Perun: Virtual Payment Hubs over Cryptocurrencies." In 2019 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sp.2019.00020.
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Marku, Dorjan. "EFFECTS OF DIRECT PAYMENTS ON NEW ORCHARD PLANTINGS AND VINEYARDS IN KORCA REGION." In The 3rd Virtual Multidisciplinary Conference. Publishing Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18638/quaesti.2015.3.1.204.
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Kriskó, Andrea. "The development of payment systems – technological changes from the beginning to today." In The 4th Global Virtual Conference. Publishing Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18638/gv.2016.4.1.775.
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Istrefi, Erion, Nehat Çollaku, Elvin Toromani, and Valbona Simixhiu. "Carbon Sequestration Project: an initiation of Payment for Environmental Services scheme in Albania." In The 4th Global Virtual Conference. Publishing Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18638/gv.2016.4.1.782.
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Waraporn, Narongrit, Manawat Sithiyavanich, Hathaichanok Jiarawattanasawat, and Narin Pakchai. "Virtual Credit Cards on Mobile for M-Commerce Payment." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebe.2009.40.
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Țegledi, Adriana Monica, and Boni Mihaela Straoanu. "Cryptocurrency (Virtual Coins): Accounting Aspects and Tax Regulations." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/64.
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Lately, there have been many questions from specialists regarding the accountability of cryptocurrency. The lack of a legislation has allowed them to be interpreted as either intangible assets or stocks, even though Romania owns the biggest transaction platform in Eastern Europe (Bitcoin Romania). National Bank of Romania (NBR) acknowledges the lack of regulations and supervisions regarding cryptocurrency, regarding them as “speculative assets, extremely volatile and risky”. Simultaneously, this brings to attention the fact that these are not national coins nor currencies, and accepting them as a payment method isn’t, legally speaking, mandatory.
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Hizver, Jennia, and Tzi-cker Chiueh. "Tracking payment card data flow using virtual machine state introspection." In the 27th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2076732.2076771.
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Hrytsai, Serhii. "Virtual asset in Ukraine in terms of means of payment." In ЗАКАРПАТСЬКІ ПРАВОВІ ЧИТАННЯ. ПРАВО ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ СТІЙКОСТІ ТА РОЗВИТКУ В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНИХ ЦИВІЛІЗАЦІЙНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ. ЧАСТИНА 1. Liha-Pres, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36059/978-966-397-298-5-59.
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"Encompassing Payment for Heterogeneous Travelling - Design Implications for a Virtual Currency based Payment Mechanism for Intermodal Public Transport." In 3rd International Conference on Smart Grids and Green IT Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004977203050310.
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