Relevant bibliographies by topics / Virtual GRID-system

Academic literature on the topic 'Virtual GRID-system'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Virtual GRID-system"

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Lee, H., and D. Park. "A Grid Service-Based Virtual Screening System." Computer Journal 57, no. 2 (February 18, 2013): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxt015.

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Zhang, Guanfeng, Junyou Yang, Haixin Wang, and Jia Cui. "Presynchronous Grid-Connection Strategy of Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Virtual Impedance." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (November 9, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3690564.

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The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technology of inverter is widely used to provide the inertia and damping support for power system. However, an additional measurement device PLL (phase-locked loop) is required in the virtual synchronous generator grid connection to track the voltage phase, amplitude, and frequency, which restricts the flexible output of the distributed power generation system. To tackle this challenge, a method for grid-connected control of virtual synchronous generator based on virtual impedance is proposed. It is assumed that there is a virtual power exchange between the synchronous machine and the power grid when the virtual synchronous generator is off-grid, the virtual impedance is developed to calculate the virtual current, and when the virtual current is zero, the output voltage of the VSG can be synchronized with the voltage of the power grid, thereby seamlessly switching between off-grid and grid-connected VSG. A semiphysical simulation platform is built based on RT-LAB; simulation and experimental results show that the proposed grid synchronization control strategy of the VSG can achieve seamless transform between different VSG modes, which is simpler than the conventional synchronization control, while having a good active and reactive power tracing performance.
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Zhang, D. P., L. S. He, and H. Yang. "Grid Based Integration Technologies of Virtual Measurement System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 48 (October 1, 2006): 1258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/48/1/234.

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Ben Belgacem, Mohamed, Nabil Abdennadher, and Marko Niinimaki. "Virtual EZ Grid." International Journal of Handheld Computing Research 3, no. 1 (January 2012): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2012010105.

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This paper presents the Virtual EZ Grid project, based on the XtremWeb-CH (XWCH) volunteer computing platform. The goal of the project is to introduce a flexible distributed computing system, with (i) an infrastructure with a non-trivial amount of computing resources from various institutes, (ii) a stable platform that manages these computing resources and provides advanced interfaces for applications, and (iii) a set of applications that take benefit of the platform. This paper concentrates on the application support of the new version of XWCH, and describes how two medical applications, MedGIFT and NeuroWeb, utilise it.
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Hao, Xiaohong, Huimin Wang, Bei Peng, Zhi Yao, Yixiong Wang, and Mingfei Gu. "Research on the virtual synchronous generator control strategy of grid-connected permanent-magnet direct-driven wind power system." Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 2 (2018): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci171012252h.

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Renewable energy, distributed generation, and micro-grid technology have been widely concerned for a long time. The traditional grid-connected inverter control strategy does not take into account the problem of inertia which is short and fast to cause the frequency change. The virtual synchronous generator control strategy is adopted to simulate the synchronous generator characteristics, which enhanced the inertia and damp of the system. For the micro-grid of wind power grid-connected, the storage battery is arranged on the AC side of the permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine, and the model of the virtual synchronous generator is established. Thus the grid-connected performance of large-scale wind farm is improved. Here, the effect of moment of inertia in the virtual synchronous generator and the grid-connected regulation of virtual synchronous generator are verified by using PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results show that the grid-connected inverter controlled by the virtual synchronous generator is approximately equivalent to the synchronous generator in external characteristic. The grid-connected inverter based virtual synchronous generator control has a beneficial to adjust frequency and voltage, and can enhance the standby inertia of new energy and grid power generation
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Guan, Ya Yun, Yu Xin Sun, Kai Shi, Huang Qiu Zhu, and Xian Xing Liu. "Research on Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power System Based on Virtual Synchronous Generator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 703 (December 2014): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.703.343.

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In order to realize the solar photovoltaic (PV) system connecting with grid friendly, a PV system with voltage-controlled inverter based on virtual synchronous generator (SG) is presented. This kind of system has features of SG, which supply the virtual moment of inertia to grid. The mathematical model of PV and virtual SG is built, and the control strategy of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is also studied in the paper. Simulation model of the grid-connected PV power system is built on Matlab/Simulink. Finally, correctness and feasibility of this system are verified by simulation results.
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Ma, Yun Long, Li Jun Tian, Ying Lin Qin, and Tao Jiang. "Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Monitoring System Based on Virtual Instrument." Applied Mechanics and Materials 521 (February 2014): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.521.233.

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Combined with the theories of distributed monitoring, the technologies of virtual instrumentation and database management,a grid-connected photovoltaic monitoring system is developed based on virtual instrumentation technology. The hardware architecture and software programming are expounded, by hardware and software ways, various parameters of the grid-connected photovoltaic system are collected and analyzed real-timely with CompactRIO system and PXI measuring system, it realizes the functions of monitoring the performance of the PV at the real-time, detecting the power quality of the common coupling point (PCC) and historic data management. Compared with traditional monitoring system, not only it meets the requirements of grid research for sampling speed, precision and recording capacity, but also the friendly interactive interface and the flexible expansibility are more comfortable for operators.
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Wang, Lizhe, Marcel Kunze, and Jie Tao. "Performance evaluation of virtual machine-based Grid workflow system." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 20, no. 15 (October 2008): 1759–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.1328.

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Coppola, Massimo, Yvon Jégou, Brian Matthews, Christine Morin, Luis Pablo Prieto, Óscar David Sánchez, Erica Y. Yang, and Haiyan Yu. "Virtual Organization Support within a Grid-Wide Operating System." IEEE Internet Computing 12, no. 2 (March 2008): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mic.2008.47.

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Zhou, Yan, and Deng Ming Hu. "Research of Virtual Cutting Based on Hap Tic Feedback." Applied Mechanics and Materials 214 (November 2012): 944–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.214.944.

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As product design has entered the stage of green design, virtual design becomes increasingly important, and cutting research is the core of it. This paper established a basic virtual cutting system and the grid models of virtual objects based on PHANTOM Omni hap tic feedback device and its system development toolkit and built up oriented bounding box and operated bounding box collision detection. On the base of these, the paper also presented a new method of cutting force condition judgment of cutting tool, and gave the cutting path planning and grid model reconstruction on the basis of virtual cutting methods of triangular grid unit model. At last, the paper researched the virtual cutting of grid model using computer programming language, providing design methods for product design. The relative methods may advance the effect of product design drastically.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Virtual GRID-system"

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Shrestha, Pratigya. "Inverter-based Control to Enhance the Resiliency of a Distribution System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/93764.

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Due to the increase in the integration of renewable energy to the grid, there is a critical need for varying the existing methods and techniques for grid operation. With increased renewable energy, mainly wind and photovoltaics, there is a reduction in inertia as the percentage of inverter-based resources is increasing. This can bring about an issue with the maintenance and operation of the grid with respect to frequency and voltage. Thus, the ability of inverters to regulate the voltage and frequency becomes significant. Under normal operation of the system, the ability of the inverters to support the grid frequency and voltage while following the grid is sufficient. However, the operation of the inverters during a resiliency mode, under which there is an extended outage of the utility system, will require the inverter functionality to go beyond support and actually maintain the voltage and frequency as done by synchronous machines, acting as the grid-forming inverter. This project focuses on the operation of grid forming sources based on the virtual synchronous generator to regulate the voltage and frequency in the absence of the grid voltage through decentralized control of the inverters in the distribution feeder. With the most recent interconnection standard for the distributed generation, IEEE-1547 2018, the inverter-based generation can be used for this purpose. The simulations are performed in the Simulink environment and the case studies are done on the IEEE 13 node test-feeder.
Master of Science
With the increase in the renewable energy sources in the present grid, the established methods for the operation of the grid needs to be updated due to the changes that the large amount of renewable energy sources bring to the system. Due to the While the conventional resources in the power system was mainly synchronous generators that had an inherent characteristic for frequency support and regulation due to the inertia this characteristic can be lacking in many of the renewable energy sources that are usually inverter-based. At present, the commonly adapted function for the inverters is to follow the grid which is suitable in case of normal operation of the power system. However, during emergency scenarios when the utility is disconnected and a part of the system has to operate independently the inverters need to be able to regulate both the voltage and frequency on their own. In this project the inverter-based control, termed as the virtual synchronous generator, has been studied such that it mimics the well-established controls for the conventional generators so that the inverter-based renewable resource appears similar to the conventional generator from the point of view of the grid in terms of the electrical quantities. The utilization of this type of control for operation of a part of the feeder with each inverter-based resource controlling its output in a decentralized manner is studied. The controls try to mimic the established controls for conventional synchronous machine and use it for maintain operation of the system with inverters.
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Cabala, Ľuboš. "Spolupráce mikro zdrojů v rámci malé smart grid." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220153.

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This thesis concerns with design of micro sources and their implementation in Micro grid system. In the first part the work is aimed at definition of smart - grid, where describes their advantages, disadvantages and necessary changes, which has to be made in current distribution network for implementation this system. Further on the thesis concerns with detailed description of Micro grid, configuration of this kind of network, the issues in implementation and possibilities to provide ancillary services. The work also describes marginally virtual power plants, presents definition, components and types of virtual power plants. The final chapter describes the creation of micro sources in System modeler and subsequent testing of consumption cover to operate in island mode.
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Anzalchi, Arash. "Advanced Solutions for Renewable Energy Integration into the Grid Addressing Intermittencies, Harmonics and Inertial Response." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3506.

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Numerous countries are trying to reach almost 100\% renewable penetration. Variable renewable energy (VRE), for instance wind and PV, will be the main provider of the future grid. The efforts to decrease the greenhouse gasses are promising on the current remarkable growth of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) capacity. This thesis provides an overview of the presented techniques, standards and grid interface of the PV systems in distribution and transmission level. This thesis reviews the most-adopted grid codes which required by system operators on large-scale grid connected Photovoltaic systems. The adopted topologies of the converters, the control methodologies for active - reactive power, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), as well as their arrangement in solar farms are studied. The unique L(LCL)2 filter is designed, developed and introduced in this thesis. This study will help researchers and industry users to establish their research based on connection requirements and compare between different existing technologies. Another, major aspect of the work is the development of Virtual Inertia Emulator (VIE) in the combination of hybrid energy storage system addressing major challenges with VRE implementations. Operation of a photovoltaic (PV) generating system under intermittent solar radiation is a challenging task. Furthermore, with high-penetration levels of photovoltaic energy sources being integrated into the current electric power grid, the performance of the conventional synchronous generators is being changed and grid inertial response is deteriorating. From an engineering standpoint, additional technical measures by the grid operators will be done to confirm the increasingly strict supply criteria in the new inverter dominated grid conditions. This dissertation proposes a combined virtual inertia emulator (VIE) and a hybrid battery-supercapacitor-based energy storage system . VIE provides a method which is based on power devices (like inverters), which makes a compatible weak grid for integration of renewable generators of electricity. This method makes the power inverters behave more similar to synchronous machines. Consequently, the synchronous machine properties, which have described the attributes of the grid up to now, will remain active, although after integration of renewable energies. Examples of some of these properties are grid and generator interactions in the function of a remote power dispatch, transients reactions, and the electrical outcomes of a rotating bulk mass. The hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is implemented to smooth the short-term power fluctuations and main reserve that allows renewable electricity generators such as PV to be considered very closely like regular rotating power generators. The objective of utilizing the HESS is to add/subtract power to/from the PV output in order to smooth out the high frequency fluctuations of the PV power, which may occur due to shadows of passing cloud on the PV panels. A control system designed and challenged by providing a solution to reduce short-term PV output variability, stabilizing the DC link voltage and avoiding short term shocks to the battery in terms of capacity and ramp rate capability. Not only could the suggested system overcome the slow response of battery system (including dynamics of battery, controller, and converter operation) by redirecting the power surges to the supercapacitor system, but also enhance the inertial response by emulating the kinetic inertia of synchronous generator.
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Zidi, Chaima. "Energy efficient underwater acoustic sensor networks." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB003/document.

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Les réseaux de capteurs acoustiques sous-marins (UW-ASN) sont les plus nouveaux achèvements technologiques en termes de communication. Les UW-ASN visent à observer et à explorer les lacs, les rivières, les mers et les océans. Récemment, ils ont été soumis à une attention particulière en raison de leur grand potentiel en termes d'applications prometteuses dans divers domaines (militaires, environnementaux, scientifiques ...) et aux nouvelles questions scientifiques qu'ils suscitent. Un problème majeur dans les UW-ASN est l'épuisement rapide de l'énergie, car une grande puissance est nécessaire pour la communication acoustique, tandis que le budget de la batterie des capteurs est limité. Par conséquent, les protocoles de communication énergétiques revêtent une importance primordiale pour faire usage judiciaire du budget énergétique disponible. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse vise à étudier les principales caractéristiques des capteurs acoustiques sous-marins difficiles afin de concevoir des protocoles de communication énergétiques, plus spécifiquement au niveau routage et MAC. Tout d'abord, nous abordons le problème des trous énergétiques dans UW-ASN. Le problème du « sink-hole » se produit lorsque les capteurs les plus proches du sink épuisent leur énergie plus rapidement en raison de leur charge plus lourde. En effet, ces capteurs, en particulier ceux qui sont à un seul saut du sinkstatique, agissent comme des relais pour tous les autres capteurs, ce qui leur épuise sévèrement l’énergie.A la couche de routage,en particulier, nous proposons de distribuer la charge transmise par chaque capteur parmi plusieurs voisins potentiels, en supposant que les capteurs peuvent ajuster leur gamme de communication entre deux niveaux lorsqu'ils envoient ou transmettent des données. Plus précisément, nous déterminons pour chaque capteur l'ensemble des prochains sauts avec les poids de charge associés qui entraînent un épuisement équitable d'énergie entre tous les capteurs du réseau. Ensuite, nous étendons notre stratégie de routage équilibrée en supposant que chaque capteur n'est pas seulement capable d'ajuster sa puissance d'émission à 2 niveaux mais aussi jusqu'à n niveaux où n> 2. Par conséquent, à la couche de routage, pour chaque valeur possible de n, nous déterminons pour chaque capteur l'ensemble des éventuels sauts avec les poids de charge associés qui mènent à une consommation d'énergie équitable chez tous les capteurs du réseau. En outre, nous obtenons le nombre optimal de puissances de transmission n qui équilibre la consommation d'énergie de tous les capteurs pour chaque configuration de réseau. En plus de cela, il convient de souligner que notre protocole de routage étendu utilise un modèle de canal à variation de temps plus réaliste qui tient compte de la plupart des caractéristiques fondamentales de la propagation acoustique sous-marine. Les résultats analytiques montrent que notre protocole de routage assure une réduction importante de la consommation d’énergie. Deuxièmement, pour atténuer les impacts de collision spectaculaires gaspillant l’énergie, nous concevons un protocole MAC multicanal (MC-UWMAC) évitant les collisions pour les UW-ASNs. MC-UWMAC fonctionne avec un canal de contrôle (décomposé en créneaux de temps) et un ensemble de canaux de données à bande passante égale. Les créneaux du canal de contrôle sont dédiés à l’échange RTS / CTS permettant à une paire de capteurs communicants de s'accorder sur l'heure de début de la communication sur un canal de données pré-alloué. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons deux nouvelles procédures associées d'allocation des créneaux du canal de contrôle et d'attribution des canaux de données sans nécessiter de frais de négociation supplémentaires. En conséquence, chaque capteur peut initier l'échange RTS / CTS uniquement à son créneau assigné, calculé à l'aide d'une procédure d'allocation basée sur une partition virtuelle de grille de la zone de déploiement. (...)
UnderWaterAcoustic Sensor Networks (UW-ASNs) are the newest technological achievement in terms of communication. Composed of a set of communicating underwater sensors, UW-ASNs are intended to observe and explore lakes, rivers, seas and oceans. Recently, they have been subject to a special attention due to their great potential in terms of promising applications in various domains (military, environmental, scientific...) and to the new scientific issues they raise. A great challenging issue in UW-ASNs is the fast energy depletion since high power is needed for acoustic communication while sensors battery budget is limited. Hence, energy-efficient networking protocols are of a paramount importance to make judicious use of the available energy budget while considering the distinguishing underwater environment characteristics. In this context, this thesis aims at studying the main challenging underwater acoustic sensors characteristics to design energy-efficient communication protocols specifically at the routing and MAC layers. First, we address the problem of energy holes in UW-ASNs. The sink-hole problem occurs when the closest nodes to sink drain their energy faster due to their heavier load. Indeed, those sensors especially the ones that are 1-hop away from the static sink act as relays to it on behalf of all other sensors, thus suffering from severe energy depletion. In particular, at the routing layer, we propose to distribute the transmission load at each sensor among several potential neighbors, assuming that sensors can adjust their communication range among two levels when they send or forward data. Specifically, we determine for each sensor the set of next hops with the associated load weights that lead to a fair energy depletion among all sensors in the network. Then, we extend our balanced routing strategy by assuming that each sensor node is not only able to adjust its transmission power to 2 levels but eventually up to n levels where n > 2. Consequently, at the routing layer, for each possible value of n, we determine for each sensor the set of possible next hops with the associated load weights that lead to a fair energy consumption among all sensors in the network. Moreover, we derive the optimal number of transmission powers n that balances the energy consumption among all sensors for each network configuration. In addition to that, it is worth pointing out that our extended routing protocol uses a more realistic time varying channel model that takes into account most of the fundamental characteristics of the underwater acoustic propagation. Analytical results show that further energy saving is achieved by our extended routing scheme. Second, to mitigate the dramatic collision impacts, we design a collision avoidance energy efficient multichannel MAC protocol (MC-UWMAC) for UW-ASNs. MC-UWMAC operates on single slotted control and a set of equal-bandwidth data channels. Control channel slots are dedicated to RTS/CTS handshaking allowing a communicating node pair to agree on the start time of communication on a pre-allocated data channel. In this thesis, we propose two novel coupled slot assignment and data channels allocation procedures without requiring any extra negotiation overhead. Accordingly, each node can initiate RTS/CTS exchange only at its assigned slot calculated using a slot allocation procedure based on a grid virtual partition of the deployment area. Moreover, for each communicating pair of nodes, one data channel is allocated using a channel allocation procedure based on our newly designed concept of singleton- intersecting quorum. Accordingly, each pair of communicating nodes will have at their disposal a unique 2-hop conflict free data channel. Compared with existing MAC protocol, MC-UWMAC reduces experienced collisions and improves network throughput while minimizing energy consumption
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Wen, Hsiao-Yi, and 文孝義. "Heterogeneous Resources Integration Using Portlet and Virtual File System in the Grid Environment." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63684658311634005703.

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碩士
中原大學
資訊管理研究所
95
The objective of this study is to propose a feasible solution which shall resolve the problems that may be encountered when running Grid computing on heterogeneous platform. There is a way to solve the problem by developing a new system and common protocol that can used for heterogeneous platform. However, it would be very costly and affect the stability of existing system. Therefore, providing a single interface that facilitates Virtual File System （VFS）technology can be used as an abstract layer to integrate the existing data accessing mechanism on heterogeneous platform. Not only it will not affect the operation of existing system, but also it will achieve the objective of providing data access on heterogeneous platform. In order to make the operation easier, Apache Jetspeed is selected for running this research, since it is Web based interface and compliant with Portlet standards. In addition, this study is using the software components inside VFS of Apache Commons to develop such a platform. The benefits of using VFS are, one it can be used as an abstract layer for controlling files and it is open sourced. In order to understand the feasibility of this research, it is taking Mobile Learning Grid as a real experiment application. It will achieve the integration objective of providing Learning-Data accessed on heterogeneous platform. The Author can focus on teaching material. The Consumer of teaching material just access on this platform to integrate. Hopefully, this research to resolve data access on heterogeneous platform and freedom to use teaching material.
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陳科文. "Implicit Virtual Boundary Method for Moving Boundary Problems on Non-Staggered Cartesian Grid System." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06510031498640637236.

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TAN, ZHENG-YI, and 譚正宜. "Effects of a Repertory Grid-Based Virtual Reality Learning Guided System on Elementary School Students’ Learning Performance in Natural Science Courses." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dz7rzp.

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碩士
國立臺北教育大學
數學暨資訊教育學系碩士班
107
In the “plants” unit of an elementary school natural science course, students are often limited by time and space, and it is difficult for students to observe various plants in the classroom and learn. Therefore, this study use repertory grid approach to help students establish a complete and contextual cognitive structure, and use virtual reality technology to create a virtual learning environment, providing students with active observation. An experiment has been conducted in an elementary school natural science course to examine third graders’ performance in terms of their learning achievements, learning satisfaction and cognitive load. By Repertory Grid approach with virtual reality learning guided system, the students can not only benefit from the use of repertory grid strategies, but also learn across time and space by virtual environment. From the experimental results, it is found that the students learned by Repertory Grid approach with virtual reality learning guided system has better learning achievements than those learned by common virtual reality learning system. Furthermore, the students rated their own learning systems as being highly satisfactory and perceived low cognition load during the learning activity.
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Кулаков, Алексей Юрьевич. "Програмно-аппаратная организация GRID-систем на основе технологии виртуальных сетей." Doctoral thesis, 2010. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/655.

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Nordlund, Edvard, and Emil Lind. "Determining the Technical Potential of Demand Response on the Åland Islands." Thesis, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-451184.

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With increasing intermittency from renewable energy production, such as solar and wind power, the need of increased flexibility is quickly arising. The Åland Islands have an energy transition agenda to reach the goal of having a 100 % renewable energy system. Since there is no possibility of hydro power acting as regulatory power on Åland, reaching the goal is a challenging task. Increasing flexibility can be achieved by either implementing energy storage in the system or by matching the demand with the production.  Therefore the purpose of this study was to estimate and evaluate the technical potential of demand response (DR) on Åland, both for 2019 and for a scenario in 2030 where the domestic production of wind and solar have increased. Six areas of interests were identified; electric heating, refrigeration processes, lighting, ventilation and air conditioning, electric vehicles and industries. The import from Sweden to Åland was examined since high import coincides with either low domestic renewable production or high consumption and therefore indicates when flexibility is most required. The results show that the technical potential of DR on Åland can lower the maximum electricity import from Sweden by 18 % in 2019. 4.3 % of the total import can be moved to times when there is less stress on the grid. Electric heating is the biggest contributor, and can by itself lower the import with three fourths of the total reduction. The domestic renewable production in 2019 is too low for DR to have an effect on self-sufficiency. For 2030 the self-sufficiency and utilization of domestic renewable production could be increased with 4.2-9.9 % and 5.4-12 % respectively when using DR, depending on if vehicle-to-grid is implemented on a large scale or not. The cost of DR is still unclear, and it varies between the different resources. However, electric heating seems to be a less expensive alternative to batteries, while providing a similar service.
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Books on the topic "Virtual GRID-system"

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Magoulès, F. Grid resource managemnt: Toward virtual and services compliant grid computing. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2009.

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Grid Resource Management: Towards Virtual and Services Compliant Grid Computing (Chapman & Hall/Crc Numerical Analy & Scient Comp.). CRC, 2008.

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de Bruijne, Arnoud, Joop van Buren, Anton Kösters, and Hans van der Marel. Geodetic reference frames in the Netherlands. Nederlandse Commissie voor Geodesie, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.54419/vy3c94.

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Unambiguous and homogeneous geodetic reference frames are essential to the proper determination of locations and heights. The reference frames used in the Netherlands are the Rijksdriehoekmeting (RD) for locations and the Normaal Amsterdamse Peil (NAP) for heights. The RD has traditionally been managed by the Kadaster; the NAP by Rijkswaterstaat. The emergence of satellite positioning has resulted in drastic changes to these geodetic reference frames. A surveyor is now offered one instrument, GPS (the Global Positioning System), capable of the simultaneous determination of locations and heights. This is possible by virtue of one three-dimensional geodetic reference system - the European Terrestrial Reference System (ETRS89) - which in the Netherlands is maintained in a collaborative arrangement between the Kadaster and Rijkswaterstaat. GPS has been advanced as a practical measurement technique by linking the definition of the RD grid to ETRS89. Nevertheless the introduction of GPS also revealed distortions in the RD grid, which are modelled in the RDNAPTRANSTM2004 transformation. Furthermore, the use of the geoid model has become essential to the use of GPS in determining the height in comparison to NAP. Subsidence that has disrupted the backbone of the NAP gave cause to the need for a large-scale adjustment of the heights of the underground benchmarks and, in so doing, of the grid. Consequently new NAP heights have been introduced at the beginning of 2005; a new definition of the RD grid that had already been introduced in 2000 was once again modified in 2004. During the past few years two NCG subcommissions have devoted a great deal of time to these modifications. This publication lays down ETRS89, the RD and the NAP, together with their mutual relationships. In addition to reviewing the history of the reference frames and the manner in which they are maintained (including, for example, the use of AGRS.NL as the basis for the Dutch geometric infrastructure), the publication also discusses the status of the frames as at 1 January 2005. This encompasses the realisation of ETRS89 via AGRS.NL, the revision and new definition of the RD grid in 2004, and the new NAP publication in 2005. The publication also describes the mutual relationships between the frames in the modernized RDNAPTRANSTM2004 transformation consisting of the new NLGEO2004 geoid model and a model for the distortions of the RD grid. In conclusion, the publication also devotes attention to the future maintenance of the ETRS89, RD and NAP. The continuity of the link between the traditional frames and the three-dimensional frames is of great importance, and ETRS89 will continue to fulfil this linking role. The GPS base network and AGRS.NL reference stations will increasingly assume the leading role in the maintenance of the RD frame. The maintenance of the NAP will continue to be necessary, although during the coming decades the the primary heights will not need revision. In so doing the high quality of the geodetic reference frames required for their use in actual practice will continue to be guaranteed.
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Book chapters on the topic "Virtual GRID-system"

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Deng, ShuiGuang, ZhaoHui Wu, Qi Gao, and Zhen Yu. "Virtual Workflow Management System in Grid Environment." In Grid and Cooperative Computing, 978–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24680-0_153.

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Nikolow, Darin, Renata Sł ota, Jacek Kitowski, and Łukasz Skitał. "Virtual Storage System for the Grid Environment." In Computational Science - ICCS 2004, 458–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24685-5_65.

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Bubak, Marian, Kamil Górka, Tomasz Gubała, Maciej Malawski, and Katarzyna Zając. "Component-Based System for Grid Application Workflow Composition." In Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface, 611–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39924-7_82.

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Junhao, Yan, and Lv Aili. "Information Service Architecture of Virtual-Machine-Based Grid System." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 375–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29390-0_60.

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Manuali, C., and A. Laganà. "A Grid Credit System Empowering Virtual Research Communities Sustainability." In Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2011, 397–411. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21931-3_31.

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Ninagawa, Chuzo. "Smart Grid." In Virtual Power Plant System Integration Technology, 1–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6148-8_1.

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Alfieri, R., R. Cecchini, V. Ciaschini, L. dell’Agnello, Á. Frohner, A. Gianoli, K. Lõrentey, and F. Spataro. "VOMS, an Authorization System for Virtual Organizations." In Grid Computing, 33–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24689-3_5.

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Cui, Yabing, Chunming Hu, Tianyu Wo, and Hanwen Wang. "A Virtual File System for Streaming Loading of Virtual Software on Windows NT." In Advances in Grid and Pervasive Computing, 231–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30767-6_20.

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Yin, Zhaolin, Aijuan Zhang, Xiaobin Li, and Jinfei Sun. "The Cooperation of Virtual Enterprise Supported by the Open Agent System." In Grid and Cooperative Computing, 188–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24679-4_38.

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Song, YongJoo, YongJin Choi, HyunBin Lee, Donggook Kim, and Daeyeon Park. "Searchable Virtual File System: Toward an Intelligent Ubiquitous Storage." In Advances in Grid and Pervasive Computing, 395–404. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11745693_39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Virtual GRID-system"

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Tawfik, M., D. Lowe, S. Murray, M. de la Villefromoy, M. Diponio, E. Sancristobal, M. J. Albert, G. Diaz, and M. Castro. "Grid Remote Laboratory Management System." In 2013 10th International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rev.2013.6502889.

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Goyal, S., A. Ghosh, and G. Ledwich. "Testing of a distributed generation system with a virtual grid." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2010.5589489.

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Kim, Yangwoo, Seungha Lee, Pilwoo Lee, and Gregory Newby. "Grid Information Retrieval Management System for Dynamically Reconfigurable Virtual Organization." In 2006 Fifth International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing (GCC'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcc.2006.50.

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Fang, Jingyang, Xiaoqiang Li, and Yi Tang. "Grid-connected power converters with distributed virtual power system inertia." In 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce.2017.8096737.

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Haldar, A., R. Khatua, A. Malkhandi, N. Senroy, and S. Mishra. "Delay Based Virtual Inertia Emulation for a Grid Forming System." In 2022 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peci54197.2022.9744046.

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Patil, Gaurav B., and L. D. Arya. "Voltage Stability Assessment of Grid Connected Solar PV System." In 2021 Third International Conference on Intelligent Communication Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks (ICICV). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicv50876.2021.9388419.

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Mizuno, Yuji, Yoshito Tanaka, Fujio Kurokawa, and Nobumasa Matsui. "A Hospital Grid with Renewable Energy System Applied to Virtual Power Plant." In 2020 8th International Conference on Smart Grid (icSmartGrid). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmartgrid49881.2020.9144796.

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Li, Wenfeng, Hui Wang, Yuan Jia, Suxiang Yang, and Haoming Liu. "Frequency Control Strategy of Grid-connected PV System Using Virtual Synchronous Generator." In 2019 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgt-asia.2019.8881276.

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Niinimaki, M., J. White, W. S. de Cerff, J. Hahkala, T. Niemi, and M. Pitkanen. "Using virtual organizations membership system with EDG's grid security and database access." In Proceedings. 15th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.2004.1333527.

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Dhimish, Mahmoud, Violeta Holmes, and Mark Dales. "Grid-connected PV virtual instrument system (GCPV-VIS) for detecting photovoltaic failure." In 2016 4th International Symposium on Environmental Friendly Energies and Applications (EFEA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/efea.2016.7748777.

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