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Academic literature on the topic 'Virtual Crack Closure Technique'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Virtual Crack Closure Technique"

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Shimizu, Katsuya, and Hiroshi Suemasu. "155 Interfacial crack and virtual crack closure technique." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2001.14 (2001): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2001.14.109.

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Krueger, Ronald. "Virtual crack closure technique: History, approach, and applications." Applied Mechanics Reviews 57, no. 2 (March 1, 2004): 109–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1595677.

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An overview of the virtual crack closure technique is presented. The approach used is discussed, the history summarized, and insight into its applications provided. Equations for two-dimensional quadrilateral finite elements with linear and quadratic shape functions are given. Formulas for applying the technique in conjunction with three-dimensional solid elements as well as plate/shell elements are also provided. Necessary modifications for the use of the method with geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis and corrections required for elements at the crack tip with different lengths and widths are discussed. The problems associated with cracks or delaminations propagating between different materials are mentioned briefly, as well as a strategy to minimize these problems. Due to an increased interest in using a fracture mechanics–based approach to assess the damage tolerance of composite structures in the design phase and during certification, the engineering problems selected as examples and given as references focus on the application of the technique to components made of composite materials.
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Zhang, Heng, and Pizhong Qiao. "Virtual crack closure technique in peridynamic theory." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 372 (December 2020): 113318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2020.113318.

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Wang, Dong Xu, and Liang Wu. "Virtual Crack Closure Technique in the Analysis of Concrete Arch Dam Cracks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 444-445 (October 2013): 1466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.444-445.1466.

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In this paper, a 3-dimension finite element with dummy nodes for calculating and outputting the stress energy release (SERR) at the crack tip was built up based on virtual crack closure technique (VCCT), it is presented to demonstrate the virtual crack closure technique has high accuracy and good feasibility. The calculation results curve and the analytical solution curve are in good agreement. The results show that the proposed interface elements can be used to calculate to get accurate results by finite element analysis. It can give us some new ideas for Hydraulic structure crack research.
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Liu, Yan-Ping, Guo-Qing Li, and Chuan-Yao Chen. "Crack growth simulation for arbitrarily shaped cracks based on the virtual crack closure technique." International Journal of Fracture 185, no. 1-2 (November 1, 2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10704-012-9790-3.

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KUMAR, A., S. GOPALAKRISHNAN, and A. CHAKRABORTY. "MODIFIED VIRTUAL CRACK-CLOSURE TECHNIQUE USING SPECTRAL ELEMENT METHOD." International Journal of Computational Methods 04, no. 01 (March 2007): 109–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876207001047.

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This paper presents a general Chebyshev Spectral Element Method (CSEM) for obtaining strain-energy release rates for crack growth in two-dimensional isotropic materials. The procedure uses virtual crack-closure method. This method is developed for different orders of CSEM and suitable expressions for energy release rates are obtained. These expressions are evaluated by applying them to two Mode-I and two Mixed-mode problems. Two different classes of spectral elements (SEs) are formulated using Chebyshev interpolating functions, the inconsistent conventional SE formulation and the field consistent SE formulation. The convergence is investigated using both the formulations. A relative study on the efficiency of the CSEM with increasing order of polynomials is clearly brought out. The effect of crack-tip element size is also studied. It is observed that field consistent formulation always gives better results compared to inconsistent formulation. Comparisons with results from the literature for these problems show the efficiency of the CSEM.
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Liu, Wen Lin, Da Zhao Yu, and Zhong Hu Jia. "Comparative Analysis of Crack Growth Characteristics Based on Virtual Crack Closure Technique." Applied Mechanics and Materials 633-634 (September 2014): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.633-634.59.

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The strain energy rate and the stress intensity factors in different crack growth stage were analyzed by virtual crack closure technique. The user subroutine is complied using Abaqus finite element software. The finite element model of crack growth was established by the Paris formula, then the fatigue crack growth process is simulated, the crack growth life is predicted. The method could be a powerful tool for engineers to study the fracture and fatigue problems in engineering structures.
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Daricik, Fatih. "Mesh size sensitivity analysis for interlaminar fracture of the fiber-reinforced laminated composites." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 14 (January 2019): 155892501988346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925019883460.

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The virtual crack closure technique is a well-known finite element–based numerical method used to simulate fractures and it suits well to both of two-dimensional and three-dimensional interlaminar fracture analysis. In particular, strain energy release rate during a three-dimensional interlaminar fracture of laminated composite materials can successfully be computed using the virtual crack closure technique. However, the element size of a numerical model is an important concern for the success of the computation. The virtual crack closure technique analysis with a finer mesh converges the numerical results to experimental ones although such a model may need excessive modeling and computing times. Since, the finer element size through a crack path causes oscillation of the stresses at the free ends of the model, the plies in the delaminated zone may overlap. To eliminate this problem, the element size for the virtual crack closure technique should be adjusted to ascertain converged yet not oscillating results with an admissible processing time. In this study, mesh size sensitivity of the virtual crack closure technique is widely investigated for mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture analyses of laminated composite material models by considering experimental force and displacement responses of the specimens. Optimum sizes of the finite elements are determined in terms of the force, the displacement, and the strain energy release rate distribution along the width of the model.
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Chang, Xue Ping, Jun Liu, and Shi Rong Li. "EFG Virtual Crack Closure Technique for the Determination of Stress Intensity Factor." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3752.

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The aim of this paper is to introduce a virtual crack closure technique based on EFG method for thread-shape crack. The cracked component is discretized and the displacement field is determined using a coupled FE/EFG method, by which EFG nodes are arranged in the vicinity of crack tip and FE elements in the remain part in order to improve computational efficiency. Two typical parameters, nodal force and crack opening displacement attached to crack tip are calculated by means of setting up an auxiliary FE zone around crack tip. Strain energy release rate (SERR), further stress intensity factor (SIF) are determined by the two parameters. The method to calculate SIF is named as virtual crack closure technique based on EFG method. It is showed by several numerical examples that using the method presented in this paper, SIF on the crack tip can be obtained accurately.
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Palani, G. S., B. Dattaguru, and Nagesh R. Iyer. "Numerically integrated modified virtual crack closure integral technique for 2-D crack problems." Structural Engineering and Mechanics 18, no. 6 (December 25, 2004): 731–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2004.18.6.731.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Virtual Crack Closure Technique"

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Dharmawan, Ferry, and ferry dharmawan@rmit edu au. "The Structural Integrity And Damage Tolerance Of Composite T-Joints in Naval Vessels." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081216.163144.

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In this thesis, the application of composite materials for marine structures and specifically naval vessels has been explored by investigating its damage criticality. The use of composite materials for Mine Counter Measure Vessels (MCMVs) was desirable, especially for producing material characteristics, such as light weight, corrosion resistance, design flexibility due to its anisotropic nature and most importantly stealth capability. The T-Joint structure, as the primary connection between the hull and bulkhead forms the focus of this research. The aim of the research was to determine the methodology to predict the damage criticality of the T-Joint under a pull-off tensile loading using FE (Finite Element) based fracture mechanics theory. The outcome of the research was that the Finite Element (FE) simulations were used in conjunction with fracture mechanics theory to determine the failure mechanism of the T-Joint in the presence of disbonds in the critical loca tion. It enables certain pre-emptive strengthening mechanisms or other preventive solutions to be made since the T-Joint responses can be predicted precisely. This knowledge contributes to the damage tolerance design methodology for ship structures, particularly in the T-Joint design. The results comparison between the VCCT (Virtual Crack Closure Technique) analysis and the experiment results showed that the VCCT is a dependable analytical method to predict the T-Joint failure mechanisms. It was capable of accurately determining the crack initiation and final fracture load. The maximum difference between the VCCT analysis with the experiment results was approximately 25% for the T-Joint with a horizontal disbond. However, the application of the CTE (Crack Tip Element) method for the T-Joint displayed a huge discrepancy compared with the results (fracture toughness) obtained using the VCCT method, because the current T-Joint structure geometry did not meet the Classical Laminate Plate Theory (CLPT) criteria. The minimum fracture toughness difference for both analytical methods was approximately 50%. However, it also has been tested that when the T-Joint structure geometry satisfied the CLPT criteria, the maximum fracture toughness discrepancy between both analytical methods was only approximately 10%. It was later discovered from the Griffith energy principle that the fracture toughness differences between both analytical methods were due to the material compliance difference as both analytical methods used different T-Joint structures.
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Orifici, Adrian Cirino, and adrian orifici@student rmit edu au. "Degradation Models for the Collapse Analysis of Composite Aerospace Structures." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080619.090039.

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Silversides, Ian. "Détection de l'initiation de la délamination des matériaux composites par suivi de l'émission acoustique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6210.

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Cette étude, basée sur la surveillance des ondes d'émission acoustique (E.A.), présente le développement d'une approche de prédiction de l'initiation de la délamination de pièces composites soumises à des chargements statiques et en fatigue. La surveillance des ondes d'E.A. fait parti d'un nombre restreint de méthodes pouvant détecter, en continu, l'apparition et la croissance de dommages dans les matériaux composites. L'approche est comparée à des méthodes conventionnelles ainsi qu'à une modélisation numérique pour des composites à fibre de carbone unidirectionnels et tissés, sur une gamme de rapports de mode mixte. Le présent mémoire met en lumière les différentes étapes abordées durant l'étude. L'utilisation des matériaux composites est mise en contexte au premier chapitre. La complexité des matériaux composites ainsi que la nécessité de modèles de prédiction fiables sont soulignées. Le deuxième chapitre contient une revue de la littérature et présente les outils disponibles pour analyser le délaminage et bâtir un modèle prédictif de sa propagation. Les sujets traités sont la délamination dans un contexte de mécanique de la rupture, la modélisation numérique d'une propagation de fissure, l'approche du monitorage par émission acoustique puis l'analyse fractographiques des surfaces de rupture. Les résultats des essais mécaniques et de la modélisation sont présentés sous forme d'article dans le troisième chapitre. Des essais statiques et en fatigue ont permis de calculer le taux de restitution d'énergie de déformation à l'initiation de la délamination selon des méthodes classiques pour ensuite les comparer à une méthode développée, basée sur le suivi des ondes d'émission acoustique. Une série d'essais de propagation de la délamination en fatigue ont permis d'observer des corrélations entre les émissions acoustiques, la longueur de la délamination, la vitesse de croissance des fissures et la sévérité du chargement. Finalement, une méthodologie de reconnaissance des formes non supervisée est présentée afin de discriminer les signaux d'E.A. d'amorçage et de propagation de fissure du bruit associé à la fatigue.
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Ucak, Ibrahim. "Assessment Of Different Finite Elementmodeling Techniques On Delamination Growth Inadvanced Composite Structures." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614188/index.pdf.

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Virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) is commonly used to analyze debonding/delamination onset and growth in fiber reinforced composite assemblies. VCCT is a computational fracture mechanics based approach, and is based on Irwin&rsquo
s crack closure integral. In this study, the debonding/delamination onset and growth potential in a bonded fiber reinforced composite skin-flange assembly is investigated using the VCCT. A parametric finite element analyses is conducted. The finite element analyses results are compared with coupon level experimental results available in the literature. The effects of different finite element modeling techniques are investigated. The bonded flange-assembly is modeled with pure solid (3D) elements, plane stress (2D) shell elements and plane strain (2D) shell elements. In addition, mesh density, element order and geometric non-linearity parameters are investigated as well. The accuracy and performance of these different modeling techniques are assessed. Finally, effect of initial defect location on delamination growth potential is investigated. The results presented in this study are expected to provide an insight to practicing engineers in the aerospace industry.
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HASANI, NAJAFABADI SEYED HUSEIN. "Numerical-Experimental Assessment of Stress Intensity Factors in Ultrasonic Very-High-Cycle Fatigue." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2712549.

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The continuous enhancement of reliability and durability requirements for many machinery components is significantly pushing the experimental research on the Very-High-Cycle Fatigue (VHCF) response of metallic materials. In order to significantly reduce testing time, ultrasonic testing machines are widely adopted when carrying out VHCF tests. In the VHCF literature, the critical Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) is estimated by applying analytical SIF formulations to the typical semi-circular surface crack geometry revealed by fracture surfaces at final failure. However, when subjected to ultrasonic VHCF tests, analytical SIF formulations valid for static loading conditions could eventually lead to significant estimation errors. The correct computation of the SIF in ultrasonic VHCF loading conditions is a key issue when investigating the crack growth rate curve with pre-cracked specimens or when evaluating critical SIF values from fracture surfaces of failed specimens. Dynamic conditions related to the resonance of the vibrating specimen, contact nonlinearity between crack faces and stress singularity at the crack tip make the SIF computation difficult and cumbersome. Numerical computation through Finite Element Models under non-linear dynamic conditions makes use of direct integration methods (implicit or explicit). However, in the high-frequency regime of ultrasonic VHCF tests, the procedure may lead to unacceptable computational time. The present thesis aims at finding a robust, accurate, and simple method to calculate the critical SIF at final failure fracture of VHCF samples. In order to cope with the inefficiency of the time domain direct integration method, frequency domain analysis, and Multi Harmonic Balance Method were employed in this thesis. Even though the frequency domain analysis significantly reduced the computational time the overall reduction was still considered insufficient. Hence, reduction techniques via Reduce Order Modeling were also applied to decrease the total number of degrees of freedom for the system. The solution obtained with the ABAQUS implicit solver was employed to verify the proposed hybrid technique. Results showed that the present method can accurately predict the displacement field and the SIF together with a drastic decrease of the computational time. The proposed method was then applied to two models based on real sample geometries (Hourglass and Gaussian samples failed under ultrasonic VHCF) in order to evaluate the effect of the geometry on the critical SIF value. Results calculated by classical solutions valid for static conditions were also compared with the results obtained with the proposed hybrid method. The comparison showed that conventional static solutions for SIFs could not be used to compute SIF values in ultrasonic conditions since computational errors are significant. Another important finding was that, for the Gaussian sample, the SIF in both loading conditions (static and dynamic) is smaller than that for the Hourglass sample. The difference in static conditions is considerable and larger than that in dynamic conditions. Besides the efficient and accurate computation of the critical SIF values from samples failed under ultrasonic VHCF tests, the proposed method can also be used: i) to design fatigue crack growth samples for investigating the near-threshold region with ultrasonic testing machines; ii) to accurately evaluate the SIF at the border of the relevant crack growth zones in ultrasonic VHCF (e.g., at the border of the fisheye and of the Fine Granular Area).
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Patel, Surendra Kumar. "Experimental And Numerical Studies On Fatigue Crack Growth Of Single And Interacting Multiple Surface Cracks." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/276.

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Design based on damage tolerance concepts has become mandatory in high technology structures. These concepts are also essential for evaluating life extension of aged structures which are in service beyond originally stipulated life. Fracture analysis of such structures in the presence of single or multiple three-dimensional flaws is essential for this approach. Surface cracks are the most commonly occurring flaws and development of accurate methods of analysis for such cracks is essential for structural integrity evaluation of newly designed or aged structures. The crack fronts of these surface flaws are usually approximated mathematically to be of either part-elliptical or part-circular in geometry. In this thesis, some of the issues related to fatigue crack growth of single and multiple surface cracks are studied in detail. Here emphasis is given to the development of simple and accurate post-processing techniques to estimate stress intensity factors for surface cracks, development and/or implementation of simple numerical methods to simulate three-dimensional single and multiple cracks in fatigue and their experimental verification. Modified virtual crack closure integral (MVCCI) technique for estimation of strain energy release rates has been improved (chapter II) to deal with curved crack front and unequal elements across the crack front. The accuracy of this method is evaluated and presented in this chapter for certain benchmark surface flaw problems. The improved MVCCI is used in the investigation of interaction between multiple surface cracks in three-dimensional solids. The interaction effects are studied for both interacting and coalescing phases as observed to occur in the growth of multiple surface cracks. Extensive numerical work is performed to study the effects of various parameters such as aspect ratio, thickness ratio, interspacing on the interaction factors. These solutions are used in formulating empirical equations to estimate interaction factors. This facilitated the development of a simple semi-analytical method to study fatigue crack growth of multiple cracks. The growth of surface cracks under fatigue loading in the finite width specimens of an aero-engine superalloy has been studied experimentally (presented in chapter III). Four configurations for single semi-elliptical cracks are considered. Fatigue crack growth is simulated by two models viz. two degrees of freedom and "multi degrees of freedom with ellipse fit'. These models are sometimes referred to as semi-analytical models as the crack growth is predicted by numerical integration combining Paris equation with an empirical form of stress intensity factor solution. In order to use two degrees of freedom model for fatigue crack growth prediction of semi-elliptical cracks, empirical solution for the Ml range of geometric parameters for stress intensity factor is required for the considered configurations. The available Newman-Raju solution is useful for this purpose within a limited range of surface crack length to width (c/W) of the specimen. Based on the present finite element results, the empirical equations are developed for extended values of c/W. It is well understood that the fatigue prediction for two-dimensional crack can be improved by inclusion of crack closure effects. Usually, in semi-analytical models for growth of surface cracks under fatigue loading, the crack closure is included as a ratio of crack closure factor at surface and depth locations of semi-elliptical crack. In the present work, this ratio for the considered material of specimens is obtained by an experimental study. The difference in characteristics of preferred propagation path between semi-elliptical crack in a finite width plate and a wide plate is clearly brought out. Current crack growth predictions for most of the structures are based on the presence of only a single crack. However, in structures several cracks may initiate simultaneously within a stress critical zone and may interact depending upon their geometry, spatial location, structure geometry and mode of loading. In this work various configurations of twin semi-elliptical cracks have been studied by experiments. The beachmarks created on the specimens during experiments are used in the investigation of crack shape progression during fatigue. A three degrees of freedom crack growth model for interacting and coalescing cracks has been proposed. The experimentally determined crack shape and lives have been compared with the corresponding values from numerical simulation. The correlation of experimental results with numerical predictions was carried out through improved MVCCI for eight-noded brick elements. This has worked well in the configurations analysed. However, it is known in literature that there are benefits of using 20-noded singular elements. There could be special situations where the regular elements could fail, and singular elements could be essential. For this purpose, further development of MVCCI were carried out using 20-noded quarter-point elements (presented in chapter IV). Also a novel technique of decomposed crack closure integral (DCCI) was developed (presented in chapter V) for both regular and singular elements to represent the variation of MVCCI more accurately along the crack front. It is well known that quarter-point elements at crack front produce the required singularity at the crack tip and give accurate stress distribution with fewer degrees of freedom than conventional elements. Thus to develop more efficient post-processing tools, the MVCCI expressions are formulated for 20-noded singular quarter-point element for various assumptions regarding stress and displacement distributions in the elements across the crack front. A comprehensive study is presented (chapter IV) on MVCCI for 20-noded singular brick element including various simplified expressions for three-dimensional part-through cracks in pure and mixed-mode state of deformation of fracture. The developed MVCCI expressions are also valid for 15-noded quarter-point Penta elements. The reduction in model size can further be obtained if 12-noded three-dimensional singular element is employed at the crack front and eight-noded elements are used away from the crack front. The MVCCI expressions are also developed for 12-noded singular element and their accuracy is evaluated by numerical solutions. Presently, MVCCI, estimates the average stress intensity factor at the center of each element along the crack front. In this thesis, a Decomposed Crack Closure Integral (DCCI) is formulated to represent an assumed variation of stress intensity factor along the crack front in each element. The DCCI is formulated for 8-noded brick, 20-noded conventional brick and 20-noded singular brick elements. The numerical examples presented here deal with three-dimensional problems of patch repair technology and part-through cracks. The technique showed a major advantage for the patch repair problems where SIF variations along the crack front are of significance and large mesh sizes are computationally expensive. This along with MVCCI for 12-noded and 20-noded singular elements formed a part of the work on development of accurate and effective post-processing tools. It is expected that the present work will be helpful in damage tolerance design and assessment of aerospace structures and the experimental work performed as a part of this thesis will enhance confidence in the damage tolerance analysis. The thesis is concluded in chapter VI presenting the contributions of this thesis and projecting future lines of work possible in this area.
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Yu-ShengLai and 賴宇聖. "Application of Virtual Crack Closure Technique for Anisotropic Interfacial Crack Problem." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12711204919065616842.

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碩士
國立成功大學
機械工程學系碩博士班
98
The problem of a three-dimensional interface crack between two anisotropic materials is investigated by using finite element method with the virtual crack closure technique. Fracture mechanics parameters, including the strain energy release rate, the stress intensity factors and phase angles along the interface crack front are obtained by using the numerical approach. In this approach, the crack closure integrals and the strain energy release rate are first calculated from the nodal load and displacement solutions of the singular quarter-point crack-tip finite elements. A set of algebraic equations relating the crack closure integrals and the stress intensity factors is derived from the asymptotic displacement and stress fields around the interface crack tip, and is applied to determine the stress intensity factors and the corresponding phase angles. The issue of oscillating stress intensity factors associated to the bimaterial interface is overcome by normalizing the stress intensity factors to a characteristic length such that the stress intensity factors have a unit of (stress)x(length)^(1/2). Alternative procedures are also described for the cases of crack under inner pressure and crack faces under large-scale contact. Validation for the procedure is performed by comparing numerical results to analytical solutions for the problems of interface crack subjected to either remote tension or mixed loading. The numerical approach is then applied to study the problem of an anisotropic bimaterial interface crack with circular-shaped crack front. Solutions for an embedded penny-shaped crack, a semi-circular edge crack, or a quarter-circular corner crack on the interface of two cross-ply composite layers under either mode-I or mixed-moded remote loadings are presented as application examples of the proposed approach.
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Lin, Huang-Chun, and 林煌鈞. "Application of Virtual Crack Closure Technique for Three Dimensional Interfacial Crack Problems." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44734326596722110877.

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碩士
國立成功大學
機械工程學系碩博士班
96
The fracture mechanics parameters, including the strain energy release rate, the stress intensity factors and phase angles are determined for a three-dimensional interface crack by using numerical finite element approach with the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT). In the VCCT, crack closure integrals are obtained from the solutions of finite element nodal forces and displacements around the crack tip. These crack closure integrals are then summed to obtain the strain energy release rate. A complication in applying the VCCT directly to calculate the stress intensity factors for a bimaterial interface crack is that the results would depend on the size of the virtual crack extension. This is due to the oscillating behavior of the elastic singular stress field around the interface crack tip. The issue may be overcome by normalizing the stress intensity factors to a given material length such that the units for the stress intensity factors are in (stress) (length)1/2. A set of algebraic equations to express the normalized stress intensity factors and the corresponding phase angles in terms of the crack closure integrals is derived based on the asymptotic elastic fields around the crack tip. In addition, variations of the equations for determining the fracture mechanics parameters are given for cases including contacting between interface crack faces and crack subjected to inner pressure. Validation of the proposed approach is performed by comparing the numerically determined stress intensity factors for interface cracks to analytical solutions. The VCCT is then applied to study the problem of a semi-circular surface crack on the interface of semi-infinite bi-material plate subjected to uniform temperature excursion. The problem of an electronic package containing an embedded interface corner crack under thermomechanical load is also presented as an application example.
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Parrinello, Antonino. "Effect of Phase Transformation on the Fracture Behavior of Shape Memory Alloys." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151222.

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Over the last few decades, Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) have been increasingly explored in order to take advantage of their unique properties (i.e., pseudoelasticity and shape memory effect), in various actuation, sensing and absorption applications. In order to achieve an effective design of SMA-based devices a thorough investigation of their behavior in the presence of cracks is needed. In particular, it is important to understand the effect of phase transformation on their fracture response. The aim of the present work is to study the effect of stress-induced as well as thermo-mechanically-induced phase transformation on several characteristics of the fracture response of SMAs. The SMA thermomechanical response is modeled through an existing constitutive phenomenological model, developed within the framework of continuum thermodynamics, which has been implemented in a finite element frame-work. The effect of stress-induced phase transformation on the mechanical fields in the vicinity of a stationary crack and on the toughness enhancement associated with crack advance in an SMA subjected to in-plane mode I loading conditions is examined. The small scale transformation assumption is employed in the analysis according to which the size of the region occupied by the transformed material forming close to the crack tip is small compared to any characteristic length of the problem (i.e. the size of the transformation zone is thirty times smaller than the size of the cracked ligament). Given this assumption, displacement boundary conditions, corresponding to the Irwin’s solution for linear elastic fracture mechanics, are applied on a circular region in the austenitic phase that encloses the stress-induced phase transformation zone. The quasi-static stable crack growth is studied by assuming that the crackpropagates at a certain critical level of the crack-tip energy release rate. The Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT) is employed to calculate the energy release rate. Fracture toughness enhancement associated with transformation dissipation is observed and its sensitivity on the variation of key characteristic non-dimensional parameters related to the constitutive response is investigated. Moreover, the effect of the dissipation due plastic deformation on the fracture resistance is analyzed by using a Cohesive Zone Model (CZM). The effect of thermo-mechanically-induced transformation on the driving force for crack growth is analyzed in an infinite center-cracked SMA plate subjected to thermal actuation under isobaric mode I loading. The crack-tip energy release rate is identified as the driving force for crack growth and is measured over the entire thermal cycle by means of the VCCT. A substantial increase of the crack-tip energy release rate – an order of magnitude for some material systems – is observed during actuation as a result of phase transformation, i.e., martensitic transformation occurring during actuation causes anti-shielding that might cause the energy release rate to reach the critical value for crack growth. A strong dependence of the crack-tip energy release rate on the variation of the thermomechanical parameters characterizing the material response is examined. Therefore, it is implied that the actual shape of the strain- temperature curve is important for the quantitative determination of the change of the crack-tip energy release rate during actuation.
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Muthukumar, R. "Effect Of Material Non-Linearity Of Adherends On Fracture Behaviour Of Bimaterial Interface Cracks." Thesis, 2005. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1470.

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Books on the topic "Virtual Crack Closure Technique"

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Fawaz, S. Application of the Virtual Crack Closure Technque to Calculate Stress Intensity Factors for Through Cracks With an Oblique Elliptical Crack Front (Series 07 - Aerospace Materials , No 07). Delft Univ Pr, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Virtual Crack Closure Technique"

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Liu, Yongjie, Xiangguo Zeng, and Qingyuan Wang. "Numerical Study on Multi-Crack Fracture Parameters under Impact Loading Based on the Virtual Crack Closure Technique." In Computational Mechanics, 224. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75999-7_24.

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Lu, Yan-Lin. "Multiple Virtual Crack Extension Technique." In Encyclopedia of Thermal Stresses, 3262–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2739-7_648.

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Buchholz, F. G. "Mixed-Mode Fracture Analysis of Debonding and Matrix Crack Processes by the Virtual Crack Closure Method." In Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 265–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3650-1_37.

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Krscanski, S., and J. Brnic. "Virtual Crack Closure as a Method for Calculating Stress Intensity Factor of Cracks in Metallic Specimens." In Materials Design and Applications III, 29–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68277-4_3.

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Krueger, R. "The virtual crack closure technique for modeling interlaminar failure and delamination in advanced composite materials." In Numerical Modelling of Failure in Advanced Composite Materials, 3–53. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100332-9.00001-3.

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Elisa, Pietropaoli. "Virtual Crack Closure Technique and Finite Element Method for Predicting the Delamination Growth Initiation in Composite Structures." In Advances in Composite Materials - Analysis of Natural and Man-Made Materials. InTech, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/17337.

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Liu, Pengfei. "Implicit finite element analysis of postbuckling and delamination of symmetric and unsymmetric composite laminates under compression using virtual crack closure technique." In Damage Modeling of Composite Structures, 109–26. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820963-9.00016-x.

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Acharya, Aniket, Anant Kumar Singh, Aayaam Agarwal, and Vikas Rastogi. "Analysis of Delamination Damage and Eigenvalue Buckling of Lap Joint in CFRP Laminates Using Finite Element Method." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220814.

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Delamination damage is a characteristic damage which is observed in composite laminates. Delamination damage can be very disastrous, hence delamination analysis for any CFRP structure is necessary. In this paper epoxy carbon woven (230 GPa) Prepreg laminates was used as the adherend and FM-300K was used as adhesive to form a lap shear joint. The model was created using ANSYS ACP and analysis of delamination damage was done using 3D non-linear finite element method. Longitudinal buckling load was applied to study the eigenvalue buckling and deformation in different modes. Adhesive bonded lap shear joint made of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) considering flat geometry subjected to longitudinal load has been investigated. The results were obtained for 10 modes in this analysis. Interpretation of the results shows that deformation decreases with increase in modes. It was also inferred that deformation is much smaller in modes where buckling occurs in two planes. Tsai-Wu failure criterion was used to observe the failure layers in the composite laminate structure. Crack Closure Technique was used to find out the strain energy release rates. It was observed that peel stress and shear stress in the inter laminar region was three dimensional in nature.
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Conference papers on the topic "Virtual Crack Closure Technique"

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Deobald, Lyle, Gerald Mabson, Bernhard Dopker, David Hoyt, Jeff Baylor, and Doug Graesser. "Interlaminar Fatigue Elements for Crack Growth Based on Virtual Crack Closure Technique." In 48th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-2091.

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Mabson, Gerald, Lyle Deobald, and Bernhard Dopker. "Fracture Interface Elements for the Implementation of the Virtual Crack Closure Technique." In 48th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-2376.

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Tz-Cheng Chiu, Huang-Chun Lin, and Hung-Chun Yang. "Analysis of flip-chip corner delamination using 3-D virtual crack closure technique." In 2008 International Conference on Electronic Materials and Packaging (EMAP). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emap.2008.4784253.

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Yarrington, Phillip, Craig Collier, and Brett Bednarcyk. "Failure Analysis of Adhesively Bonded Composite Joints via the Virtual Crack Closure Technique." In 47th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference
14th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
7th. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2006-1962.

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Vieira De Carvalho, Nelson, R. Krueger, Gerald E. Mabson, and L. R. Deobald. "Combining Progressive Nodal Release with the Virtual Crack Closure Technique to Model Fatigue Delamination Growth Without Re-meshing." In 2018 AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-1468.

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Lyu, Guang-Chao, Min-Bo Zhou, and Xin-Ping Zhang. "Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Interfacial Delamination in Molded Underfill Flip-Chip Packages by Virtual Crack Closure Technique." In 2022 23rd International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icept56209.2022.9873416.

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Patel, S. K., B. Dattaguru, and K. Ramachandra. "Crack Shape Development of Two Interacting Surface Elliptical Cracks." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-1909.

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The issue of assessing residual life of an aged structure based on damage tolerance concepts attained significance in high technology fields such as aerospace, piping and pressure vessels and nuclear engineering. Computational fracture analysis of these structures in the presence of single or multi-site surface flaws is essential for life estimation and life extension. In this paper development of accurate post-processing technique (Modified Virtual Crack Closure Integral) to estimate strain energy release rates, and simple numerical method to simulate crack shape development in single and multiple interacting cracks (till they merge into single dominant crack) is presented. Crack shape development in single surface elliptical cracks was carried out earlier in literature using 2 degree of freedom model wherein fatigue crack growth is estimated along the major and minor axis of the ellipse and new crack shape was derived by fitting an ellipse to these points. A special three-degree of freedom model is proposed and presented in this paper for interacting and coalescing cracks. The crack shape development was checked with experimental work on coupons with multi-site surface cracks tested under fatigue loading. In safety critical aerospace and thick piping structures this work is significant in predicting the remaining life of aged components with multi-site damage.
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Chen, D. J. "Efficient Computation of Strain Energy Release Rate in Crack Growth Simulation." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0505.

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Abstract This paper utilizes an automated process to simplify the calculation of the strain energy release rate (SERR) during the crack propagation. The convergence of a finite element solution is achieved by adaptive re-meshing scheme with an error estimator of the linear strain triangular (LST) elements. As the desired mesh density is achieved, computation of the SERR using virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) can be obtained by using the static condensation scheme without re-analyzing the finite element models. Thus, the amount of computational and modeling time can be significantly reduced in the analysis of the crack propagation.
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Zhu, Xian-Kui. "Numerical Determination of Stress Intensity Factors Using ABAQUS." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28981.

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Crack assessments for pressure vessels often need to quantify the crack driving force — stress intensity factor K with the linear-elastic fracture mechanics methods. Different numerical methods have been developed to calculate the stress intensity factors for complex cracks. Of which, four typical methods, i.e., the displacement extrapolation method, the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT), the J-integral conversion method, and the direct K output method are selected and evaluated in this paper using the finite element analysis (FEA) and ABAQUS software. The evaluations are performed based on the benchmark FEA calculations in the linear-elastic conditions for the central-cracked panel (CCP) specimen in the two-dimensional (2D) plane strain conditions. The “best method” is then determined and used to calculate the stress intensity factor for the CCP specimen with a through-thickness crack in the three-dimensional (3D) conditions. The results show that ABAQUS can simply determine very accurate K values for both 2D and 3D cracks.
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Zhu, Xian-Kui, and Brian N. Leis. "Effective Methods to Determine Stress Intensity Factors for 2D and 3D Cracks." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33120.

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Increasing concern for crack assessment in the pipeline industry motivates analysis to quantify the crack driving force, with the linear-elastic fracture mechanics stress intensity factor, denoted K, viable for many vintage pipeline applications. This paper presents a brief review of numerical methods developed for calculating K via the finite element analysis (FEA) as a background to identify the “best” approaches for such purposes. The existing methods can be categorized into three groups: the displacement-based methods, the stress-based methods, and the energy-based methods. The first group involves the displacement extrapolation method, the quarter-point displacement method, and the displacement correction method. The second group involves the stress extrapolation method and the force method. The third group includes the J-integral method, the stiffness derivative method, the virtual crack extension method, the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) and ABAQUS direct K output method. Based on the review, four methods were selected and evaluated for a central-cracked plate (CCP) specimen based on the FEA calculations via ABAQUS. The “best” methods are then applied in an analysis of K for through-wall cracks in a line pipe — important reference geometry for leak-versus-rupture analysis.
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