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Academic literature on the topic 'Virtual communities'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Virtual communities"

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Ward, Andrew. "Virtual Communities." Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 14, no. 3 (2010): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/techne201014324.

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The Internet, as it exists today, is an outgrowth of the late 1960’s Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. During the 1980’s, the National Science Foundation established a high-speed, high-capacity network called NSFnet connecting many universities and government agencies. Finally, with the creation of the World Wide Web and the development and diffusion of inexpensive, reliable and easy to use public Internet access, electronic information technologies connect an increasingly large portion of the population. As a result, the communities with which we are all familiar, communities based on geographic proximity, have changed. These sorts of changes raise many interesting but difficult questions. This paper focuses on two of those questions. First, what does the increasing use of and reliance on electronically mediated communications portend for our understanding of human communities, and second, what sorts of socio-political concepts and relationships best characterize the new “virtual community”?
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Wilcox, Allen J. "Virtual Communities." Epidemiology 18, no. 2 (March 2007): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000254653.69858.88.

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Schoberth, Thomas, and Gregor Schrott. "Virtual Communities." Wirtschaftsinformatik 43, no. 5 (October 2001): 517–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03250816.

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Gammelgaard, Jens, and Thomas Ritter. "Virtual Communities Practice." International Journal of Knowledge Management 4, no. 2 (April 2008): 46–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jkm.2008040104.

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Çakir, Ahmet E. "Virtual communities - a virtual session on virtual conferences." Behaviour & Information Technology 21, no. 5 (January 2002): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144929021000048439.

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Maret, Pierre, Rajendra Akerkar, and Laurent Vercouter. "Virtual communities, a typology." Web Intelligence 15, no. 3 (August 11, 2017): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/web-170359.

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Gairín Sallán, Joaquín. "Virtual communities of learning." Educar 37 (February 1, 2006): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/educar.188.

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Etzioni, A. "Communities: Virtual vs. Real." Science 277, no. 5324 (July 18, 1997): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5324.295.

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Kivimäki, Anri, Kaisa Kauppinen, and Mike Robinson. "Identity in virtual communities." ACM SIGGROUP Bulletin 19, no. 3 (December 1998): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/307736.307764.

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Varlamis, Iraklis, and Ioannis Apostolakis. "Self-supportive virtual communities." International Journal of Web Based Communities 6, no. 1 (2010): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijwbc.2010.030016.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Virtual communities"

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GABBIADINI, ALESSANDRO. "Partecipation in virtual communities." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/29747.

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The main aim of this dissertation is to examine in depth some aspects of the participation process to a virtual community. We used the model of goal-directed behavior (MGB, Perugini & Bagozzi, 2001) to investigate the role of motivational factors in the processes of active contribution and use of web community resources in online communities. Given the social dimension of a virtual community, similar to other authors (Dholakia and Bagozzi 2002, 2006a, 2006b; Bagozzi, 2011) we introduced the concept of we-intentions from Toumela‟s work (1995) in addition to individual intentions. Nielsen (2006) analyzed the contribution process defining the inequality in the contribution as the tendency for most web community users to participate modestly, while only some community members represent the active part of content production (1% as active content producers, 9% as content modifiers). Drawing from this idea, our research question was to better understand what are the factors that may inhibit a user from participating in a virtual community. The first study, a longitudinal research, aimed at identifying the processes underlying the willingness to actively contribute to a virtual community. Users from a virtual community of practice (N = 263), namely HTCBLOG.com, were considered for this study. A first plus of the present study is that we used a measure of an actual behavior of contribution. We tested the MGB considering the we-intentions to contribute but the first model tested did not predict the observed behavior. The introduction of greed and anonymity constructs to the MGB led to an increase in the explained variance in the observed behavior. In the second study, which was longitudinal, following the suggestions offered by Antin & Cheshire (2010), we decided to deepen the meaning of participation to a virtual community considering the idea of participation not necessarily identified with active contribution. Indeed, an individual can feel as a part of the community, simply because as a member he/she may access and read community contents. Drawing from this assumption we hypothesized that participation might be divided in two distinctive behaviors: active contribution and the individual use of contents by reading. Respondent to our survey were members of a virtual discussion forum (N = 428), namely PIPAM.org. Also in this second study we used a measure of an actual behavior of contribution. Using the MGB rationale plus collective intentions, we focused our attention on the distinction of the three processes of contribution, use of community contents and participation. We found that the we-intentions to participate were promoted by the we-intentions to contribute and by the we-intentions to use community contents by reading. Moreover, the participation behavior was predicted by we-intentions to participate as well as by the behaviors of contribution but negatively by the community contents usage behavior. Greed confirmed the negative significant effects on contribution process, whereas it showed a positive effect on the use of contents by reading instrumental behavior.
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Vianello, Silvia <1979&gt. "Online consumer behavior in virtual communities." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/660.

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LEAL, GABRIELA PASINATO ALVES. "VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES AS REFERENCE GROUPS: PARTICIPANT’S PERSPECTIVE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=16675@1.

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A literatura sobre comunidades virtuais as considera como um grupo de referência. Este estudo exploratório buscou investigar as relações entre os membros dessas comunidades e as influências que os grupos exercem sobre decisões de compra de seus participantes. A pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas: inicialmente os comentários dos membros da comunidade escolhida como objeto de estudo foram analisados, para identificar categorias mais suscetíveis a influências. A seguir, 21 participantes foram entrevistados, a partir de roteiro elaborado com base nas categorias identificadas. A análise mensagens postadas no grupo e das entrevistas apresentou evidências da existência de um código básico de comportamento, sugerindo que para alguns membros a comunidade age como grupo de referência normativo, caracterizado por forte identificação entre os participantes. Os líderes do grupo parecem ser os mais participativos nos debates, ou os que já tiveram experiências com a gama de produtos e serviços relacionados ao tema do grupo, ou os que são percebidos como pessoas de bom gosto. Ficaram evidente também as modificações em escolhas e comportamentos como resultado das interações entre os participantes.
The literature considers the virtual communities as a group of reference. This explanatory study looked to investigate the relationship among the members of these communities and the influence that the groups exercise on the purchase decisions of its members. The research was divided into two parts: initially the comments of the community members, chosen as an object of study, were analyzed to indentify categories related to the influences. Following that, 21 participants were interviewed from a detailed outline based on identified categories. The analysis of the messages posted in the group and of the interviews showed evidence of an existing code of behavior, suggesting that for some members, the community acts as a normative reference group, characterized by strong identification among the participants. The group leaders seem to participate the most in the debates, or the ones who already had experiences with a range of products and services related to the subject of the group, or the ones who are believed to have good taste. Besides everything that was said, changes in choices and behavior were also observed, as a result of the interactions among the participants.
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Zemlyakova, Lyudmila (Lyudmila Vladimirovna) 1976. "Virtual communities on the Web : content management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86638.

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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-104).
by Lyudmila Zemlyakova.
M.Eng.
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Itani, Jihad. "A Service Mediation Framework for Virtual Communities." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3036/document.

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Les communautés virtuelles ont de plus en plus d’influence dans nos activités quotidiennes. Qu’elles soient sociales, d’affaires, professionnelles, d’apprentissage, ces communautés sont en concurrence pour la conquête de l'Internet, en ciblant une audience de plus en plus large et en proposant une offre de services de plus en plus variée. Par voie de conséquence, le succès ou l'échec de ces communautés dépend largement des services proposés dont la diversité, la qualité et l'adaptation sont les facteurs clés de satisfaction des clients. C’est pourquoi la démarche SOA (Service Oriented Architecture /Architecture Orientée Service) favorise la vision d'environnements ouverts où services, fournisseurs et clients sont indépendants les uns des autres, grâce au découplage et à l'allocation dynamique des services. Malheureusement, les environnements de communautés virtuelles ne prennent pas vraiment en compte les principes SOA et sont considérés fermés d’un point de vue des services offerts car ceux-ci sont limités aux fonctionnalités de la plateforme qui les hébergent. Cette dépendance des services vis-à-vis de la plateforme est considérée comme une limitation qui influence d'une manière négative le succès et la durabilité des communautés virtuelles. Du point de vue des membres d’une communauté, cette limitation entraine le départ de certains d’entre eux, et/ou impose à ses membres de joindre d'autres communautés afin de bénéficier des services offerts par ces dernières qui ne sont pas disponibles dans leur communauté d'origine. Du point de vue de l’environnement, l'introduction de nouveaux services nécessite de modifier la plateforme existante, et peut demander dans certains cas une migration vers une autre plateforme, ce qui peut perturber la communauté en question lorsque celle-ci est opérationnelle avec des membres en ligne. Dans ce contexte, ce travail a pour but de palier les limites de la gestion de services dans les communautés virtuelles afin de satisfaire les besoins de leurs membres, d'assurer une meilleure gestion des services d'un point de vue individuel et d'un point de vue de la communauté, et de garantir une évolution dynamique des services au sein de la communauté. L’objectif principal est donc de " Fournir le bon service, au bon utilisateur, au bon moment et avec la bonne qualité". L’hypothèse fondatrice de ce travail est que les communautés virtuelles peuvent être construites en commençant par un ensemble minimal de services de base, cet ensemble pouvant ensuite être étendu par l'ajout de nouveaux services selon les besoins des membres de la communauté. En adoptant cette approche, nous proposons un cadre de gestion de services qui aborde les difficultés rencontrées par les communautés virtuelles et leurs membres. En conséquence, le focus porte sur la satisfaction de ces membres plutôt que sur le service lui-même ou le fournisseur du service. Ainsi, nous définissons une nouvelle structuration des services au sein d’une communauté qui s’appuie sur une classification en différentes catégories fonctionnelles. Puis, nous étendons l'architecture SOA avec les concepts nécessaires pour modéliser ces catégories et leur associer un ensemble de propriétés non fonctionnelles de Qualité de Service (QdS ou QoS en anglais) utilisées par un système de médiation pour proposer les services adaptés aux besoins des usagers. Une description des unités fonctionnelles de ce système, ainsi que la façon dont elles opèrent, coopèrent et collaborent afin d'accomplir l’objectif défini ci-dessus constitue le cœur de notre contribution
Virtual Communities are dominating our daily activities from different insights. Social, Business, Professional, Educational and many virtual communities are competing among each other to conquer the internet by targeting more audience through the services they provide. Consequently, the success or failure of virtual communities depends to a great extent on its services. In a world driven by services, diversity, quality and adaptation are key factors to achieve customer satisfaction. Accordingly the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) approach promotes the vision of open environments where services, providers and consumers are considered independently from one another thanks to decoupling and dynamic allocation of services. But virtual communities environment did not really care about SOA and are considered closed with respect to the services they provide since they are bounded to the capabilities of the platform that host them. This implies the delivery of services inside the virtual communities is dependent on the platform used which is considered a limitation that have negative influence on the success and sustainability of virtual communities. From a member perspective this limitation causes community members to leave the community, and/or imposes them to join other virtual communities to benefit from the services they host and that are not available in their home virtual communities. From an environment perspective, introducing new services into these communities require modifications on the existing platforms or might require a complete shift to another platform in some cases which might affect the target community in case it is operational with active users. In this context, our research work aims to overcome the limitation in managing services of virtual community to satisfy community members’ needs, to provide better service management from a member perspective as well as from a community perspective, and to guarantee dynamic evolution of services inside the community. Our main objective is “To provide the right service to the right user in the right time with the required quality of service”. Our assumption is that virtual communities can be built starting from a minimal set of basic services and then add more services based on the needs of the community members. This drives us to adopt this approach and propose a service management framework that address the challenges faced by virtual communities and their members. Accordingly, we approach the problem from a members’ perspective and choose to work on members’ satisfaction more than we care about the service itself or the provider of the service. Thus, we define a new structure of services within a community that is based on a classification into different functional categories. Then, we extend SOA with the concepts necessary to model these categories and associate a set of non-functional properties of Quality of Service (QoS ) used by a mediation system to offer services best suited to the needs of members. Finally, we provide a description of the functional units of the system and how they operate, cooperate and collaborate to achieve the aforementioned objective. This is the core of our contribution
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Araya, Rebolledo Jacqueline Paz. "Analysis of scientific virtual communities of practice." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130775.

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Ingeniera Civil Industrial
Las diferentes redes sociales han surgido a partir del sentido común y natural de los humanos por reunirse en torno a un tema, sintiendo que pertenecen a una Comunidad, la cual es representada por una red de relaciones complejas entre las unidades que cambia con el tiempo. Una Comunidad es un grupo de vértices que comparten propiedades comunes y desempeñan un papel similar dentro del grupo, las cuales pueden ser clasificadas como Comunidades de interés, en el que los miembros comparten un interés particular, y Comunidades de práctica, donde los miembros comparten inquietudes, participan y desarrollan un tema volviéndose expertos. Si estas interacciones ocurren sobre plataformas en línea, son llamadas Comunidades virtuales de interés (VCoI) y Comunidades virtuales de práctica (VCoP). El estudio de las Comunidades virtuales (VC) no sólo ayuda a entender su estructura interna, sino que también a descubrir cómo el conocimiento es compartido, los principales miembros, proporcionar herramientas a los administradores para mejorar la participación y asegurar la estabilidad de la comunidad en el tiempo. El área de Análisis de Redes Sociales y de Minería de Datos han estudiado el problema, pero ninguno toma en cuenta el significado del contenido que los miembros de una comunidad generan. Por lo tanto, la principal contribución de este trabajo es tomar en cuenta la semántica de los contenidos creados por los miembros de dos VCoP, así como las propiedades estructurales de las redes que forman, para estudiar la existencia de otros miembros claves, buscar los principales temas de investigación, y estudiar las propiedades de las nuevas redes creadas con contenido. Se utilizó una VCoP científica del área de computación ubicua, y otra del área Web Semántica, considerando como data los autores de los papers aceptados en las conferencias de las comunidades y su contenido. Este trabajo propone dos métodos, el primero, busca representar cada artículo escrito por los miembros por sus Keywords, y el segundo, busca extraer los temas subyacentes de cada paper con el modelo probabilístico LDA. Con el resultado de estos métodos, las interacciones entre autores pueden ser construidas basándose en el contenido en lugar de sólo la relación de coautoría (red base para comparar los métodos). La metodología propuesta es un proceso híbrido llamado SNA-KDD que incluye la extracción y procesamiento de datos de texto, para su posterior análisis con SNA para descubrir nueva información, utilizando teoría de grafos, algoritmos de clasificación (HITS y PageRank) y diferentes medidas estructurales para redes. Los resultados muestran que las redes científicas en estudio pueden ser modeladas como VCoPs usando la metodología SNA-KDD usando teoría de grafos. Esto queda evidenciado en los resultados de la métrica Modularidad, obteniendo valores sobre 0,9 en la mayoría de las redes, lo que indica una estructura de comunidad. Además, los métodos propuestos para introducir el contenido generado por sus miembros, Keywords y Modelo de Tópicos LDA, permite reducir la densidad de todas las redes, eliminando relaciones no relevantes. En la red de Computación Ubicua, con 1920 nodos, se redujo de 5.452 arcos a 1.866 arcos para método de Keywords y a 2.913 arcos para modelo LDA; mientras que en la red de Web Semántica permitió reducir de 20.332 arcos a 13.897 arcos y 8.502 arcos, respectivamente. La detección de miembros claves se realizó contra una comparación de los autores más prominentes del área según las citaciones en Google Scholar. Los resultados indican que la mejor recuperación de miembros claves se da en el método de tópicos por LDA con HITS para el primer dataset, para el segundo se da en Keywords, tanto en métricas de Recall como en Precision.
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Terrell, Matthew. "Utilising virtual communities for innovative consumer identification." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51814/.

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Consumers can play a pivotal role in the development of new products and services. People are observed to independently create and modify existing products in order to meet their needs, unmet by current market offerings (Luthje 2004; Von Hippel & Urban 1988; Hienerth & Lettl 2011). Research into these innovative consumers has shown they can be differentiated from other consumers by a set of characteristics. This has enabled firms to identify and engage with these consumers, document their behaviour and integrate them into the process of developing new products and services. By doing so firms have experienced a range of benefits including an increase in product novelty, attractiveness and variety (Franke & Shah 2003; Schreier & Pruegl 2008; Franke et al. 2006). Today firms are utilising virtual communities to access consumer knowledge, discover their emerging needs and observe their own innovations. This has had a positive effect on a firm’s innovation output and performance (Ryzhkova 2015; Wadell et al. 2013; Carbonell et al. 2009). Many investigations have started to focus on virtual communities, and their utility for firms to identify consumers, but given the sheer size of virtual communities, and their heterogeneity, our understanding of how to exploit these resources are under-explored. This thesis conducted a series of investigations, seeking to contribute a new perspective on consumer innovation research in a number of different areas. The core aim is to provide a new understanding of how organisations can use virtual communities to help them efficiently identify innovative consumers in the pursuit of new insights and innovation. The investigation focuses on how to approach the identification of innovative consumers in virtual communities. Firstly the consumer’s choice of the virtual community, which reveals innovative consumers, specifically those who are more willing to collaborate with organisations, are more likely to exist in forum style virtual communities. These are free from functionality that facilitates acts of selling and professional endeavours, such as shopping carts and file exchange mechanisms. This has never before been considered as an influencing factor in the process of identifying innovating consumers, and shows that organisations could positively influence the overall outcome of the collaboration process with consumers if a consumer’s choice of community was also included in the identification process. Ultimately this could have a positive knock-on effect to the type, and success of, the resulting innovation produced when collaborating with consumers for new product development (NPD). This study suggests that organisations need to take into consideration the following factors: community functionality, to reduce the number of consumers with professional interests; and the community social systems, to understand the values and ideologies of virtual communities when it comes to external collaboration. Additionally, this investigation expands on the existing knowledge about using weblog data for identification, by analysing the relationships between their self-reported data and web-log data. This is the first time the observation of weblog data and its potential to influence the wider use of weblog data has been taken into consideration. Almost all previous investigations appear to observe data that is isolated to a specific community (Füller et al. 2008), and do not consider how metrics could be transferable across communities to influence the overall approach to online consumer identifications, across communities. Finally this study provides new knowledge on the application of the community manager in the process of identifying innovative consumers. The research concludes by highlighting novel insights gained from interviewing community managers. The significance, and arguably, the advantageous position held by the community managers, places them in a position to influence social systems that inform the perceptions of external collaboration; they understand the community dynamics and often individual characteristics of community members, and they act as a gatekeeper to the community. These findings show that, for organisations looking to collaborate with consumers of the community, they should approach the community managers first. They can provide organisations with insights about the community social system, their values and ideologies, which will indicate the effectiveness of the community for identification. Essentially, by collating the findings from the thesis, organisations can add timesaving steps in the process of identification.
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Shachaf, Pnina, and Noriko Hara. "Team Effectiveness in Virtual Environments: An Ecological Approach." Idea Group Publishing, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105896.

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This chapter attempts to address the need for more research on virtual team effectiveness and outlines an ecological theoretical framework that is applicable to virtual learning environments (VLE). Prior empirical studies on virtual team effectiveness used frameworks of traditional team effectiveness and mainly followed Hackman's normative model (input-process-output). We propose an ecological approach for virtual team effectiveness that accounts for team boundaries management, technology use, and external environment in VLE, properties which were previously either non-existent or contextual. The ecological framework suggests that three components, external environment, internal environment, and boundary management, reciprocally interact with effectiveness. The significance of the proposed framework is a holistic perspective that takes into account the complexity of the external and internal environment of the team. Furthermore, we address the needs for new pedagogical approaches in VLE.
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Pogreb, Sofya 1978. "Virtual communities : uniting Internet users with similar interests." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86637.

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Majewski, Grzegorz. "Online knowledge sharing in virtual communities of practice." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557267.

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Knowledge Management (KM) techniques and tools have been utilized by organizations from diverse sections of the Economy to achieve numerous goals such as: competitive advantage, increased innovativeness and global project management. One of the techniques of KM that has gained prominence as a very useful knowledge sharing tool is Virtual Communities of Practice. It originated from work on situated learning. In order to utilize it in a proper way it is necessary to take into account human, psychological, social and technological factors. The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors that influence participants of VCoP while they play two distinct roles: knowledge provider and knowledge receiver. This is a gap in knowledge as there is a shortage of studies that analyse these two roles in VCoPs. Most of the research in this area focus on the knowledge provider role, with few studies considering the knowledge receiver role. Both roles are present only in a few studies and even so they are not the main topics of those researches and thus these roles are not fully recognized by the authors. This leads to the research problem of how to evaluate knowledge sharing activities performed by the participants of VCoPs while they play these two distinct roles: knowledge provider and knowledge receiver. In order to address this research problem it was necessary to identify and analyse the underlying constructs and how they interact with each other. The process of identifying these constructs and their relationships was supported by existing literature and models formulated by other researchers. In 2 particular and substantial to this research were three models formulated by: Chiu et al. 2006, Lin et al 2009 and Jiacheng et al 2010. The research built relationships between the identified constructs in order to develop a research model. The constructs of the research model were operationalized into appropriate questionnaire items and interview questions. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire and interviews with key members of two VCoPs. The first study was performed with Laurea Labs in Finland and focused on knowledge intensive processes, while the second study with a group in Second Life investigated online knowledge sharing in an immersive virtual environment. In order to evaluate the research model, collected data was analysed. The tools used were Principal Components Analysis, Correlation Analysis and Multiregression Analysis. It was utilized to evaluate the conceptual model. The contribution to knowledge of this study is the identification of the critical factors influencing online knowledge sharing in virtual communities of practice, the design of conceptual model for knowledge sharing that brings together the two distinct roles participants can play (knowledge provider and knowledge receiver), operationalisation of the factors into questionnaire items and interview questions as well as empirical research in two diverse environments (research lab and immersive virtual world). 3 The most significant relationships were between Knowledge Provision and Knowledge Reception on the one hand and Online Knowledge Sharing on the other as well as Perceived Benefits and Perception of Community. The nonsignificant relationships were dropped in the final model. Qualitative findings introduced Language and Innovation Capabilities as new constructs. Besides, further findings from correlation analysis have introduced new relationships termed as propositions on the model. The implications of the research include the difference in the way the receivers as opposed to givers of knowledge in VCoPs should be motivated to engage in knowledge sharing processes. Some of the motivatiors confirmed by this study are benefits, social ties and reciprocity.
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Books on the topic "Virtual communities"

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Wolfensberger, Thomas. Virtual Communities. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-07760-2.

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Lewis, Dina. Virtual Learning Communities. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill International (UK) Ltd., 2007.

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Shelton, Karla. Virtual communities companion. Albany, N.Y: Coriolis Group Books, 1997.

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Panayiotis, Zaphiris, and Ang Chee Siang, eds. Social computing and virtual communities. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2009.

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Inc, NetLibrary, ed. Modern organizations in virtual communities. Hershey, PA: IRM Press, 2002.

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Zaphiris, Panayiotis. Social computing and virtual communities. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, 2010.

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Panayiotis, Zaphiris, and Ang Chee Siang, eds. Social computing and virtual communities. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2009.

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Atherton, Amber. The Rise of Virtual Communities. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-9297-6.

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Lazakidou, Athina A., ed. Virtual Communities, Social Networks and Collaboration. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3634-8.

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Going virtual: Distributed communities in practice. Hershey, Pa: Idea Group Pub., 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Virtual communities"

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Weiber, Rolf, and Jörg Meyer. "Virtual Communities." In Handbuch Electronic Business, 277–95. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-92969-3_11.

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Weiber, Rolf, and Jörg Meyer. "Virtual Communities." In Handbuch Electronic Business, 343–61. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-96349-9_14.

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Wellman, Barry, Keith Hampton, and Emmanuel Koku. "Virtual communities." In Encyclopedia of psychology, Vol. 8., 170–72. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10523-070.

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Messinger, Paul R., Kristen Smirnov, and Xin Ge. "Virtual Communities." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of the Possible, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98390-5_161-1.

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Messinger, Paul R., Kristen Smirnov, and Xin Ge. "Virtual Communities." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of the Possible, 1725–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90913-0_161.

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Wolfensberger, Thomas. "Einleitung." In Virtual Communities, 1–8. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-07760-2_1.

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Wolfensberger, Thomas. "Strategische Erfolgsmessung bei Swissinvest.com." In Virtual Communities, 243–70. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-07760-2_10.

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Wolfensberger, Thomas. "Schlussfolgerungen und Ausblick." In Virtual Communities, 271–78. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-07760-2_11.

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Wolfensberger, Thomas. "Literaturverzeichnis." In Virtual Communities, 279–91. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-07760-2_12.

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Wolfensberger, Thomas. "Das Wesen des Electronic Commerce." In Virtual Communities, 9–28. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-07760-2_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Virtual communities"

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Barzilai-Nahon, Karine. "Minitrack "Virtual Communities"." In 2007 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2007.347.

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Tilley, Scott R., and Dennis B. Smith. "Documenting virtual communities." In the 14th annual international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/238215.238251.

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Roberts, Teresa L. "Are newsgroups virtual communities?" In the SIGCHI conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/274644.274694.

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Novak, Alison N., Christopher M. Mascaro, and Sean P. Goggins. "Virtual play and communities." In the 2012 iConference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2132176.2132260.

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Neal, Lisa. "Virtual classrooms and communities." In the international ACM SIGGROUP conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/266838.266868.

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de Oliveira Bueno, Andre, and Junia Coutinho Anacleto. "Municipal Virtual Communities (MuViC)." In IHC 2017: Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3160504.3160526.

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Bers, Marina, Clement Chau, Keiko Satoh, and Laura Beals. "Virtual communities of care." In the 8th iternational conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1599600.1599612.

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Akram, Asif, and R. J. Allan. "Organization of Virtual Communities." In Second International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge, and Grid (SKG 2006). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/skg.2006.68.

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Qingyu Zhang and M. Cao. "Web services and virtual communities." In Proceedings of ICSSSM '05. 2005 International Conference on Services Systems and Services Management, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2005.1499542.

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"Virtual Communities: A Bibliometric Analysis." In 2009 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2009.500.

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Reports on the topic "Virtual communities"

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Park, Boram, Songyee Hur, and Leslie D. Stoel. A Netnography on Consumer Engagement in Virtual Brand Communities. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-662.

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Chen, Yizhuo, and Yingjiao Xu. Exploring the Determinants of Influential eWOM in Virtual Communities: An Empirical Study. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-40.

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Lyons, Joseph B. Developing Cultural Analysis and Sociological Network Theory for Understanding Virtual Communities and Their Intrinsic Relationships on the Web. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada582053.

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Kennedy, Mary Lee, and Cynthia Hudson Vitale. Identifying Collaboration Priorities for US-Based Research Data Organizations: Questionnaire Results. Association of Research Libraries, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/report.researchdataorgscollab2022.

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The Association of Research Libraries (ARL) has released the results of a questionnaire, developed with the US National Committee for CODATA, intended to identify potential areas of synergy and interests among US-based research data organizations. This report is a first step in building community among US-based research data organizations. The report will inform the US National Committee for CODATA’s plans for a series of virtual convenings to discuss shared interests among cross-sector research data organizations, culminating in an in-person US Research Data Summit. The aim is to create a shared agenda that reduces duplication of effort within the United States and that positions research data organizations from the US to engage effectively in international discussions. The questionnaire was distributed to 80 organization representatives with national and international research data goals, including organizations that are cross-functional, disciplinary, representative of scholars, government, industry, nonprofit organizations, and underrepresented communities.
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Mayne, Alison, Christina Noble, Paula Duffy, Kirsten Gow, Alexander Glasgow, Kevin O’Neill, Jeni Reid, and Diana Valero. Navigating Digital Ethics for Rural Research: Guidelines and recommendations for researchers and administrators of social media groups. DigiEthics: Navigating Digital Ethics for Rural Research, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57064/2164/22326.

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Social media creates new spaces for connecting people digitally and provides a forum for the exchange of information and discussion. Online spaces such as Facebook groups (FGs) have become part of the fabric of social interaction in many rural areas, with both residents and others living away from the community maintaining a connection in the virtual space. Community FGs are routinely used to share place-based information about resources, events or issues, and to discuss topics of shared interest. In research, these groups allow researchers to connect directly with people who have an interest in what happens within specific communities and offer rich opportunities for participants to likewise engage with research. We can reflect on how FGs in rural communities have the potential to enhance and/or complement existing approaches by making research with dispersed communities more accessible and affordable, while considering challenges around confidentiality and digital inclusion given the characteristics and size of the population. Social media has developed at pace during the last decade, and digital ethics is a shifting methods sub-field that poses challenges to social sciences and humanities researchers. Apart from platforms’ changing terms and conditions, research with and on social media groups has specific ethical challenges (e.g. around anonymity, confidentiality, and data access) that require tailored consideration. In particular, when approaching netnography and similar methods with social media groups, dialogic approaches which aim to engage, respect and protect participants are critical. There is consensus on the need to agree the access conditions with the group administrator as a first step, but there is no guidance on good practice on developing these conditions. To create these guidelines, we have worked collaboratively across disciplines and with administrators of Facebook groups to explore what such process could look like: aspects to address, pros and cons of potential approaches, and potential challenges and solutions.
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Taylor, Karen, Emily Moynihan, and Information Technology Laboratory (U S. ). Information Science and Knowledge Management Branch. The Forefront : A Review of ERDC Publications, Spring 2021. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40902.

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The Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) is the premier civil works engineering and environmental sciences research and development arm of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). As such, it partners with the Army, Department of Defense (DoD), federal agencies, and civilian organizations to help solve our Nation’s most challenging problems in civil and military engineering, geospatial sciences, water resources, and environmental sciences. A special government knowledge center, ERDC Information Technology Laboratory’s Information Science and Knowledge Management (ISKM) Branch is critical to ERDC’s mission, fulfilling research requirements by offering a variety of editing and library services to advance the creation, dissemination, and curation of ERDC and USACE research knowledge. Serving as the publishing authority for the ERDC, ISKM publishes all ERDC technical publications to the Digital Repository Knowledge Core, sends a copy to the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) and creates a press release about each publication on the ERDC website. The Forefront seeks to provide an additional mechanism for highlighting some of our technical publications to the ERDC, USACE, Army, and DoD communities. This publication also encourages those outside ERDC to contact us about using ERDC editing services. For more information regarding the reports highlighted in this publications or others that ERDC researchers’ have created, please contact the ISKM virtual reference desk at erdclibrary@ask-a-librarian.info or visit the ISKM’s online repository, Knowledge Core, at https://erdc-library.erdc.dren.mil/ .
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Crowley, David E., Dror Minz, and Yitzhak Hadar. Shaping Plant Beneficial Rhizosphere Communities. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594387.bard.

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PGPR bacteria include taxonomically diverse bacterial species that function for improving plant mineral nutrition, stress tolerance, and disease suppression. A number of PGPR are being developed and commercialized as soil and seed inoculants, but to date, their interactions with resident bacterial populations are still poorly understood, and-almost nothing is known about the effects of soil management practices on their population size and activities. To this end, the original objectives of this research project were: 1) To examine microbial community interactions with plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their plant hosts. 2) To explore the factors that affect PGPR population size and activity on plant root surfaces. In our original proposal, we initially prqposed the use oflow-resolution methods mainly involving the use of PCR-DGGE and PLFA profiles of community structure. However, early in the project we recognized that the methods for studying soil microbial communities were undergoing an exponential leap forward to much more high resolution methods using high-throughput sequencing. The application of these methods for studies on rhizosphere ecology thus became a central theme in these research project. Other related research by the US team focused on identifying PGPR bacterial strains and examining their effective population si~es that are required to enhance plant growth and on developing a simulation model that examines the process of root colonization. As summarized in the following report, we characterized the rhizosphere microbiome of four host plant species to determine the impact of the host (host signature effect) on resident versus active communities. Results of our studies showed a distinct plant host specific signature among wheat, maize, tomato and cucumber, based on the following three parameters: (I) each plant promoted the activity of a unique suite of soil bacterial populations; (2) significant variations were observed in the number and the degree of dominance of active populations; and (3)the level of contribution of active (rRNA-based) populations to the resident (DNA-based) community profiles. In the rhizoplane of all four plants a significant reduction of diversity was observed, relative to the bulk soil. Moreover, an increase in DNA-RNA correspondence indicated higher representation of active bacterial populations in the residing rhizoplane community. This research demonstrates that the host plant determines the bacterial community composition in its immediate vicinity, especially with respect to the active populations. Based on the studies from the US team, we suggest that the effective population size PGPR should be maintained at approximately 105 cells per gram of rhizosphere soil in the zone of elongation to obtain plant growth promotion effects, but emphasize that it is critical to also consider differences in the activity based on DNA-RNA correspondence. The results ofthis research provide fundamental new insight into the composition ofthe bacterial communities associated with plant roots, and the factors that affect their abundance and activity on root surfaces. Virtually all PGPR are multifunctional and may be expected to have diverse levels of activity with respect to production of plant growth hormones (regulation of root growth and architecture), suppression of stress ethylene (increased tolerance to drought and salinity), production of siderophores and antibiotics (disease suppression), and solubilization of phosphorus. The application of transcriptome methods pioneered in our research will ultimately lead to better understanding of how management practices such as use of compost and soil inoculants can be used to improve plant yields, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. As we look to the future, the use of metagenomic techniques combined with quantitative methods including microarrays, and quantitative peR methods that target specific genes should allow us to better classify, monitor, and manage the plant rhizosphere to improve crop yields in agricultural ecosystems. In addition, expression of several genes in rhizospheres of both cucumber and whet roots were identified, including mostly housekeeping genes. Denitrification, chemotaxis and motility genes were preferentially expressed in wheat while in cucumber roots bacterial genes involved in catalase, a large set of polysaccharide degradation and assimilatory sulfate reduction genes were preferentially expressed.
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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.
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Puerta, Juan Manuel. Study on the Performance and Sustainability of Water and Sanitation Initiatives in Rural Areas: Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation in Small Communities (PR0118). Inter-American Development Bank, April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010645.

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This evaluation looked at the performance and sustainability of 100 water systems that were installed in Paraguay between 2004 and 2010 as part of a project supported by the IDB. As part of the study, a technical review was conducted of the systems eight to ten years after entry into service, and interviews were held with users, sanitation boards, and the executing agency (SENASA). After establishing the level of performance, the evaluation studied factors that are correlated with a higher level of performance and sustainability, relative to both the original design parameters and thechanging needs of the beneficiary communities. The evaluation found that the performance level of the systems is very high. Virtually all the systems built under the program are in service. Moreover, the users and the sanitation boards are satisfied with the quality of service in terms of water quality and reliability. Eight to ten years after installation, only 4% of the systems are not in service, compared with the rate of 20% to 25% that would be expected based on available data from around the world.
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Fields, Rhonda, Damarys Acevedo-Acevedo, Burton Suedel, E. Bourne, Patrick Deliman, Carlos Ruiz, Jack Milazzo, et al. Proceedings from the Basin Sediment Management for Unique Island Topography Workshop, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47822.

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This report summarizes the Basin Sediment Management for Unique Island Topography Workshop hosted in-person and virtually at the University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez (UPRM) Department of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico on 11 March 2022. The workshop was attended by approximately 80 federal, state, local, and academic organizations participants. It focused on Engineering With Nature® (EWN®), green infrastructure (GI) and low impact development (LID) opportunities for unique tropical island topography and included seven presentations from subject matter experts, a discussion on limitations and problems with prior projects, and two concurrent breakout sessions. Preworkshop activities included a field trip to multiple sites in the Añasco watershed conducted 09 March 2022, which served as a base case for the workshop. The field trip provided participants a unique perspective of the island’s topography and post 2017 Hurricane María issues and impacts. During the breakout sessions, participants identified new project opportunities for EWN®-GI and LID at two selected sites from the field trip. Each group developed alternatives for their chosen site and identified concepts that could turn into great opportunities for the surrounding communities and significantly benefit the state of practice in Puerto Rico’s unique tropical island topography.
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