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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Viral disease of ruminants

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Academic literature on the topic 'Viral disease of ruminants'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Viral disease of ruminants"

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Njeumi, Felix, Dalan Bailey, Jean Jacques Soula, Bouna Diop, and Berhe G. Tekola. "Eradicating the Scourge of Peste Des Petits Ruminants from the World." Viruses 12, no. 3 (March 15, 2020): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12030313.

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Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of both domestic (goats and sheep) and wild ruminants. Caused by a morbillivirus, that belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae. The disease is clinically and pathologically similar to rinderpest of cattle and human measles. PPR is one of the most economically devastating viral diseases of small ruminants. In April 2015, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) launched the PPR Global Control and Eradication Strategy (PPR GCES) with the vision for global eradication by 2030. There is a strong and lasting international consensus to eradicate the disease in order to protect the livelihoods of the world’s poorest populations. As with any disease, eradication is feasible when, policy, scientific and technical challenges are addressed. Ten majors challenges are described in this paper namely: understanding small ruminant production, facilitating research to support eradication, refining laboratory testing, improving epidemiological understanding of the virus, defining infection of wildlife and other species, optimizing vaccine delivery and novel vaccines, developing better control of animal movement, heightening serological monitoring, understanding socio-economic impact, and garnering funding and political will.

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Reczyńska, Daria, Magdalena Zalewska, Michał Czopowicz, Jarosław Kaba, Lech Zwierzchowski, and Emilia Bagnicka. "Acute Phase Protein Levels as An Auxiliary Tool in Diagnosing Viral Diseases in Ruminants—A Review." Viruses 10, no. 9 (September 15, 2018): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10090502.

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We examined acute phase protein (APP) concentrations in viral infections of dairy ruminants and assessed the potential role of characteristic patterns of APP changes in auxiliary diagnosing viral diseases. All viruses reviewed are common causes of farm animal diseases. APPs are among the first agents of immunity, and their concentrations could be diagnostically relevant. In the most common ruminant viral diseases, elevated serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp) levels in blood serum have been observed. However, since these proteins are the main APPs in many viral infections, it is impossible to use their levels for diagnosing particular infections. Decreased Cp and albumin expression could help differentiate the bluetongue virus infection from other diseases. Lastly, analysis of SAA levels in blood serum and milk could be helpful in diagnosing small ruminant lentivirus infection. While promising, APP levels can only be considered as an auxiliary tool in diagnosing viral diseases in ruminants.

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Baksi, S., H. Dave, N. Rao, P. Malsaria, M. Khan, and P. Chauhan. "EVALUATION OF PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS (PPR) CELL CULTURE VACCINE IN GOATS AND SHEEP IN INDIA." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 16, no. 1 (July 12, 2018): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v16i1.37377.

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Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of ruminants. The disease has high impact on small ruminants market, especially in Africa and Middle East. India has a large population of sheep and goats, having significant part in world ruminant population. Prevention and control programs by vaccines are necessary parts of ruminants business. PPR vaccines are successfully used by small and large farmers in various parts of India. Researches have been done to investigate the efficacy of PPR vaccines on sheep and goats, but few data are available on sero-conversion in the bodies. In present study, sheep and goats were vaccinated with Sungri/96 strain and serum collection was done up to one year. Antibodies levels were measured with competitive ELISA. Antibody levels reached to protective levels within 21 days of vaccination, which continued up to one year. Sheep responded to vaccine slightly better than goats. Further studies are required to investigate total duration of protection by PPR vaccine in small ruminants.

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Endalew, Abaineh, Bonto Faburay, William Wilson, and Juergen Richt. "Schmallenberg Disease—A Newly Emerged Culicoides-Borne Viral Disease of Ruminants." Viruses 11, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11111065.

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First appearing in 2011 in Northern Europe, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an Orthobunyavirus of the Simbu serogroup, is associated with clinical disease mainly in ruminants such as cattle, sheep and goats. The clinical signs are characterized by abortion and congenital deformities in newborns. The virus is transmitted by Culicoides midges of the Obsoletus complex. SBV infection induces a solid protective immunity that persists for at least 4 or 6 years in sheep and cattle, respectively. SBV infection can be diagnosed directly by real-time RT-qPCR and virus isolation or indirectly by serological assays. Three vaccines are commercially available in Europe. This article provides a comprehensive literature review on this emerging disease regarding pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, control and prevention. This review also highlights that although much has been learned since SBV’s first emergence, there are still areas that require further study to devise better mitigation strategies.

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Meher, M. M., M. Afrin, and S. Sarker. "Clinical Incidence of Diseases in Cattle and Goat at Different Area of Bera Upzilla in Pabna District of Bangladesh." Journal of Scientific Research 13, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v13i2.49777.

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Ruminant, especially cattle and goats constitute the major portion of the livestock which are usually suffered from a wide range of diseases. Hence, this study was designed to determine clinical cases of cattle and goat in relation to different parameter. A total of 106 sick ruminants (cattle = 56, goat = 50) in different area of Bera upzilla, Pabna were investigated during March to September, 2016. The parasitic infestation (32.1%) in cattle and viral diseases (36%) in goat were higher. In relation to sex, the disease frequencies were higher in female goat of 56.0% and reproductive diseases in female cattle of 66.7%. Among the clinical case, 70% was in black bangle goat. On the other side, the vaccination and grazing system had strong significant (p<0.01) association with disease frequencies having the chi-square value of 36.036 and 35.617, p<0.01, with Phi (φ) coefficient of 0.583 and -0.580 respectively. Besides this, the male owner of clinically sick animal was higher of 71.40% for cattle and 52% for goat with chi-square value, (N=106) = 4.244, p<0.05, φ coefficient of 0.20 indicating a significantly moderate association. However, these two ruminants (cattle and goat) are mostly vulnerable to parasitic infestation and viral diseases.

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Fournié, Guillaume, Agnès Waret-Szkuta, Anton Camacho, Laike M. Yigezu, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, and François Roger. "A dynamic model of transmission and elimination of peste des petits ruminants in Ethiopia." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 33 (July 27, 2018): 8454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711646115.

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), a devastating viral disease of sheep and goats, has been targeted by the global community for eradication within the next 15 years. Although an efficacious attenuated live vaccine is available, the lack of knowledge about the transmission potential of PPR virus (PPRV) may compromise eradication efforts. By fitting a metapopulation model simulating PPRV spread to the results of a nationwide serological survey in Ethiopia, we estimated the level of viral transmission in an endemic setting and the vaccination coverage required for elimination. Results suggest that the pastoral production system as a whole acts as a viral reservoir, from which PPRV spills over into the sedentary production system, where viral persistence is uncertain. Estimated levels of PPRV transmission indicate that viral spread could be prevented if the proportion of immune small ruminants is kept permanently above 37% in at least 71% of pastoral village populations. However, due to the high turnover of these populations, maintaining the fraction of immune animals above this threshold would require high vaccine coverage within villages, and vaccination campaigns to be conducted annually. Adapting vaccination strategies to the specific characteristics of the local epidemiological context and small ruminant population dynamics would result in optimized allocation of limited resources and increase the likelihood of PPR eradication.

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Lancelot, Renaud, Marina Béral, Vincent Michel Rakotoharinome, Soa-Fy Andriamandimby, Jean-Michel Héraud, Caroline Coste, Andrea Apolloni, et al. "Drivers of Rift Valley fever epidemics in Madagascar." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 5 (January 17, 2017): 938–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1607948114.

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Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a vector-borne viral disease widespread in Africa. The primary cycle involves mosquitoes and wild and domestic ruminant hosts. Humans are usually contaminated after contact with infected ruminants. As many environmental, agricultural, epidemiological, and anthropogenic factors are implicated in RVF spread, the multidisciplinary One Health approach was needed to identify the drivers of RVF epidemics in Madagascar. We examined the environmental patterns associated with these epidemics, comparing human and ruminant serological data with environmental and cattle-trade data. In contrast to East Africa, environmental drivers did not trigger the epidemics: They only modulated local Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) transmission in ruminants. Instead, RVFV was introduced through ruminant trade and subsequent movement of cattle between trade hubs caused its long-distance spread within the country. Contact with cattle brought in from infected districts was associated with higher infection risk in slaughterhouse workers. The finding that anthropogenic rather than environmental factors are the main drivers of RVF infection in humans can be used to design better prevention and early detection in the case of RVF resurgence in the region.

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Pawaiya, RVS, and VK Gupta. "A review on Schmallenberg virus infection: a newly emerging disease of cattle, sheep and goats." Veterinární Medicína 58, No. 10 (November 21, 2013): 516–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7083-vetmed.

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Schmallenberg virus (SBV) infection is an emerging infectious disease of ruminants first described in Germany in November, 2011. Since then it has spread very rapidly to several European countries. The disease is characterised by fever, reduced milk production and diarrhoea in cattle and abortions, stillbirths and foetal abnormalities in sheep and goats. SBV is an enveloped, negative-sense, segmented, single-stranded RNA virus, classified in the genus Orthobunyavirus of the Bunyaviridae family, and is closely related to Akabane, Ainoa and Shamonda viruses. As of now there is no vaccine available for SBV, which poses a serious threat to naive ruminant population. Owing to its recent discovery, our understanding of Schmallenberg viral disease and its pathology and pathogenesis is limited. This article reviews the data reported so far on this emerging disease with regard to aetiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathology, diagnosis and control and discusses the future scenario and implications of the disease.

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STAMPOULIS (Δ. ΣΤΑΜΠΟΥΛΗΣ), D., N. D. GIADINIS (N.Δ. ΓΙΑΔΙΝΗΣ), M. PAPANASTASSOPOULOU (Μ. ΠΑΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ), and S. K. KRITAS (Σ.Κ. ΚΡΗΤΑΣ). "Νεότερες απόψεις στη θεραπεία και πρόληψη του λοιμώδους εκθΰματος των μικρών μηρυκαστικών: με έμφαση του νοσολογικού προβλήματος που αντιμετωπίζει η ελληνική αιγοπροβατοτροφία εξαιτίας του." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 61, no. 4 (March 22, 2018): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.16102.

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Contagious ecthyma (orf) is a viral disease that affects mainly the young small ruminants, while the virus can be transmitted to other animal species, as well as humans. The disease in neonatal lambs and goat kids causes lesions around the mouth and the nostrils, while in serious cases it causes stomatitis. Mild cases are self-limited, but complications (i.e.bronchopneumonia) and high mortality can be observed in severe cases. Most studies focus on the prevention of this disease, using hygiene measures and vaccines. Immune mechanisms have also been studied for this purpose. During the last decade some trials have been conducted for the treatment of orf infections in small ruminants and humans by using anti-viral drugs. Despite the advantages of these anti-viral drugs (high efficacy, specificity and safety for the epithelia), these efforts were mostly ineffective and remained at the experimental level for the veterinary practice. The aim of the present paper is to review the use of vaccines for the prevention of orf infection in small ruminants and to report experimental therapeutic protocols that could be useful forthe treatment of the disease in future. Also, the article emphasizes upon the special problems from this disease in Greek sheep and goat flocks.

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Rahal, Anu, Abul Hasan Ahmad, Atul Prakash, Rajesh Mandil, and Aruna T. Kumar. "Environmental Attributes to Respiratory Diseases of Small Ruminants." Veterinary Medicine International 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/853627.

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Respiratory diseases are the major disease crisis in small ruminants. A number of pathogenic microorganisms have been implicated in the development of respiratory disease but the importance of environmental factors in the initiation and progress of disease can never be overemphasized. They irritate the respiratory tree producing stress in the microenvironment causing a decline in the immune status of the small ruminants and thereby assisting bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections to break down the tissue defense barriers. Environmental pollutants cause acute or chronic reactions as they deposit on the alveolar surface which are characterized by inflammation or fibrosis and the formation of transitory or persistent tissue manifestation. Some of the effects of exposures may be immediate, whereas others may not be evident for many decades. Although the disease development can be portrayed as three sets of two-way communications (pathogen-environment, host-environment, and host-pathogen), the interactions are highly variable. Moreover, the environmental scenario is never static; new compounds are introduced daily making a precise evaluation of the disease burden almost impossible. The present review presents a detailed overview of these interactions and the ultimate effect on the respiratory health of sheep and goat.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Viral disease of ruminants"

1

Thomas, Claire Philippa. "The expression of bluetongue virus non-structural protein NS2 and its structure-function relationship." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292328.

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Rocha, Carla Sofia do Carmo. "Clínica e cirurgia de espécies pecuárias." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/19248.

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O presente relatório refere-se às atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Évora. O trabalho está dividido em duas componentes. A primeira consiste na descrição das atividades desenvolvidas na área da sanidade, profilaxia e clínica médica e cirúrgica de espécies pecuárias. A área da sanidade animal foi, em termos percentuais, aquela que registou uma maior atividade. A segunda componente visa uma revisão bibliográfica da língua azul ou febre catarral ovina, complementada pelo relato e discussão de dois surtos, um numa vacada e outro num rebanho de ovinos. A língua azul é uma doença epizoótica, infeciosa, de etiologia viral, transmitida por insetos do género Culicoides que afeta ruminantes domésticos e silvestres; Abstract: This report refers to the activities developed during the final stage of the Master‘s Degree in Veterinary Medicine of the University of Évora. The work is divided into two components. The first is the description of the activities in the area of sanity, prophylaxis and medicine and surgery in livestock species. The area of sanity was, percentually, the one with most accounted cases. The second component of this work aims to a literature review of bluetongue, complemented with the presentation and discussion of two outbreaks, one in a cattle herd and the other in a sheep herd. Bluetongue is a viral, epizootic and infectious disease transmitted by insects of the genus Culicoides which affects domestic and wild ruminants.

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Gangadharan, Bevin. "Proteomics in viral disease." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c66c53ed-a824-4f99-8f2b-d2bc65a984c7.

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The separation, identification, and characterisation of the proteins present in a tissue or biological sample is called ‘proteomics’. This technique can be used for example to identify biomarkers and investigate signalling pathways. Increasingly, proteomics is being applied to the analysis of virus related samples; here two such examples are described. Presently there is no reliable non-invasive way of assessing liver fibrosis. Here a novel 2D-PAGE based proteomics study was used to identify potential fibrosis biomarkers. Serum from patients with varying degrees of hepatic scarring induced by infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) was analysed. Several proteins associated with liver scarring and/or viral infection were identified. The most prominent changes were observed when comparing serum samples from cirrhotic patients with healthy controls: Expression of inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 fragments, α1 antichymotrypsin, apolipoprotein L1 (Apo L1), prealbumin and albumin was decreased in cirrhotic serum, whereas CD5 antigen like protein (CD5L) and β2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) increased. In general, α2 macroglobulin (a2M) and immunoglobulin components increased with hepatic fibrosis whereas haptoglobin and complement components (C3, C4 and factor H-related protein 1) decreased. Novel proteins associated with HCV-induced fibrosis include the inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 fragments, complement factor H-related protein 1, CD5L, Apo L1, β2GPI and the increase in thiolester cleaved products of a2M. The relationship between these changes is discussed. One of the accessory genes of the HIV viral genome encodes for the Nef protein. Nef is present in lipid rafts and increases viral replication within infected host cells by binding to a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Vav. This leads to activation of a GTPase, Cdc42, however, the signalling pathway is poorly understood. 2D-PAGE based proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed raft-associated proteins by comparing T cells in the presence and absence of Nef. A ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UbcH7, which acts in conjugation with c-Cbl, was absent from the rafts of Nef-transfected cells. Vav ubiquitination was also absent from these rafts. In collaboration with Dr. Alison Simmons and Prof. Andrew McMichael the absence of UbcH7 in rafts was found to be caused by β-Pix forming a ternary complex with c-Cbl and activated Cdc42. Vav ubiquitination was restored and viral replication was diminished when β-Pix was knocked down providing a new candidate target for inhibiting HIV replication. This thesis demonstrates the use of proteomics in providing novel information for virus related samples. This influential technology benefits in both biomarker discovery to aid clinicians with early diagnosis of diseased individuals and in the elucidation of novel signalling pathways in infected cells to provide new candidate targets.

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Salami, Habib. "Diffusion d'un virus et évolution de son génome dans les populations de ruminants domestiques : application à l'épidémiosurveillance de la "Peste des petits ruminants"." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS155/document.

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La peste des petits ruminants (PPR), causée par un Morbillivirus, est l'infection virale la plus grave des caprins et ovins. Elle est largement répandue en Asie, au Moyen Orient et en Afrique. En Afrique elle est en émergence au nord et au sud du continent et représente un facteur majeur d'insécurité alimentaire pour la population agricole (70% des populations pauvres des régions considérées). La PPR est un modèle d'étude des maladies transfrontalières ; sa diffusion est très liée aux mouvements régionaux d'animaux vivants. La compréhension de cette diffusion est une condition essentielle à la mise en place de mesures de contrôle efficaces (vaccination, quarantaine, contrôle aux frontières,…). A notre connaissance aucune étude n'a été entreprise pour connaître l'ampleur de la diversité génétique du PPRv au cours d'infections naturelles de petits ruminants et l'accumulation des mutations virales dans un circuit de diffusion. Or dans les pays d'élevages extensifs tropicaux l'identification et la traçabilité animale sont inexistantes, ce qui rend difficile reconstruction des circuits de diffusion des animaux et du virus. Dans ces conditions, la diversité génétique du virus peut être utilisée comme marqueur de diffusion épidémiologique. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'utiliser la variabilité génétique du PPRV pour caractériser les lignées virales circulantes et retracer les processus de transmission du virus à travers un large territoire centré sur le Sénégal. En analysant 2 gènes de PPR nous avons estimé la vitesse d'évolution du virus sur une période de 4 années comprise en 2010 et 2014.Les résultats montrent que les premières souches de la lignée 2 de PPRv ont été introduites en 2005 au Sénégal et dans les pays voisins. L'horloge moléculaire et l'arbre phylogéographique rapportés ici indiquent clairement que la lignée II maintenant enzootique en Afrique de l'ouest prend son origine au Nigeria. Les mouvements trans-africains à l'origine du déplacement est-ouest de la lignée II trouvent leur origine dans le commerce de bétail à la croisée des frontières, une évidence économique et culturelle en Afrique de l'Ouest.Mots clés : peste des petits ruminants ; gène viral ; mutation virale ; circuit de transmission ; phylogénie ; phylogéographie ; surveillance épidémiologique, Sénégal
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), caused by a Morbillivirus is one of the most important viral infections in sheep and goats. It is widely spread in Asia, Middle East and Africa. In Africa, it is an emerging disease in the north and the south of the continent. It is a major factor of food insecurity for the farming population (70% of the poor population in the tropical regions). PPR is a study model of transboundary diseases; its spread is highly related to regional movements of livestock. Understanding the spread of PPR is an essential condition for the implementation of efficient control measures (vaccination, quarantine, border controls etc.). Up to our knowledge, no studies have investigated the range of genetic diversity of PPR virus (PPRv) during natural infections in small ruminants and the accumulation of virus mutations during its spread. Further on, in tropical countries with extensive farming, animal identification and traceability are a current problem. In such conditions, the genetic diversity of the PPRv can be used as a marker of animal movement and spread of the virus. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of the PPRv in order to characterise the actual viral lineages and to retrace the transmission of the virus in Senegal and its surrounding countries. Analyzing two complete viral genes of the PPR, we have estimated the rate of evolution of this virus, in a four year period, between 2010 and 2014. The results of the study show that the first strains of lineage II of PPRv have been introduced in 2005 in Senegal and its surrounding countries. Molecular clock analysis and phylogeographical reconstitution of the PPRv indicate that the lineage II, actually enzootique in western Africa, has its origins in Nigeria. This viral introduction from the direction east towards west, corresponds to the transboundary movement and commerce of livestock in the countries of western Africa, which represents the economic and cultural tradition of the people of this region.Key words: Peste des petits ruminants, viral gene, virus mutation, transmission, phylogeny, phylogéographie, epidemiosurveillance, Senegal, West Africa

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Fleeton, Marina N. "Genetic vaccination against acute viral disease /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3811-3/.

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Leo, Nancy Stefany. "Viral Antibodies and Immunoregulation in Autoimmune Disease." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/271610.

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The link between autoimmune diseases and viral infections has long been under scrutiny, with potential mechanisms including viral persistence and viral transactivation of cellular cytokine promoters coupling the two phenomenon. In this study, the relationship between autoimmune disease and the persistence of non-structural NS1 human parvovirusB19 (B19V) protein in serum from patients with SLE and RA was investigated. The hypothesis was that due to a failure in the viral host’s ability to silence persistent viral protein transcripts, non-structural NS1 protein remains elevated in individuals with autoimmune disease (post-infection) and contributes to exacerbation of the disease. To test this hypothesis, anti-PARVO non-structural NS1 antibodies were detected in the serum of 15 SLE subjects. B-cell hybridomas from a patient with SLE secreting elevated levels of anti-PARVO non-structural NS1 IgG were generated, which secreted stable human IgG mAbs specific to non-structural NS1. Six mAb hybridoma sub-clones were isolated with low binding titers to the full length (FLNS1). The sub-clones, however, demonstrated increased binding activity to the nuclease domain of NS1. Optimization of the mAb screening system will be performed for future research, which will facilitate the purification and characterization of the human anti-PARVO non-structural NS1 mAbs.

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Quinlivan, Mark Lee. "Viral genetic variation in varicella zoster virus disease." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418302.

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Stoppelkamp, Sandra. "New viral and transgenic models of Alzheimer's disease." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=136906.

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Mutated human genes associated with human neurodegenerative conditions were used to develop both in vitro and in vivo models to study cellular pathology and disease progression. The in vitro models employed adenoviral vectors for the gene delivery into primary rat hippocampal neurones. Introduction of both APP and Tau transgenes reduced neuronal viability, with the latter leading to accelerated toxicity and faster onset of cell death. Time-lapsing imaging analyses revealed apoptosis-like features for APP-positive neurones, while Tau-positive neuronal death appeared more necrotic. Interestingly, a direct correlation between cell death and protein content in the APP-transduced neurones was not confirmed. A comparison between viral gene delivery and electroporation with the same transgenic constructs confirmed the cellular toxicity of APP and Tau but also showed that with a lower amount of transgene expressing cells per culture dish Tau-induced toxicity was no longer as aggressive as with the viral model. Therefore, electroporation may allow single-cell investigations of functional parameters whereas the large amount of transgene-positive neurones in viral transductions allows faster quantification of cell death. These methods complement each other and thus offer in vitro models suitable for mechanistic studies and drug screening. Accordingly, initial testing of inhibitors of Tau aggregation and amyloid formation were found to ameliorate the transgene-induced damage as proof of principle for our novel in vitro models. Further testing revealed caffeine to be a very promising drug candidate in AD treatment, since it improved viability in both APP and Tau transduced neurones. The transgenic PLB1 mouse knock-in model harbours the same mutated APP and Tau genes as the viral models. A triple transgenic line (PLB1_Triple) has been generated with additional mutated presenilin 1 for increased APP processing and accelerated pathology. The mRNA expression of both APP and Tau transgenes was stable over the investigated time (6 and 12 months) with about 2 to 3-fold higher APP over Tau mRNA levels. This expression was specific to the forebrain and negligible in the cerebellum and thus targets a brain region that is vulnerable in AD. The model showed progressive accumulation of AD-linked histopathological features as well as memory- and activity-related symptoms. This low transgene expression in conjunction with a progressive phenotype is advantageous over other aggressive animals models for studying early disease-related pathology.

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Agarwal, Kaushik. "Immunogenetic studies in autoimmune and viral liver disease." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275585.

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Maina, Mwendia Charles. "Productivity and disease constraints of small-ruminants in Maasailand, Kajiado district, Kenya." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336670.

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Books on the topic "Viral disease of ruminants"

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US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. Keeping America free from foreign animal diseases. 6. Rinderpest, peste des petits ruminants. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1997.

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2

Nishioka, K., H. Suzuki, S. Mishiro, and T. Oda, eds. Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68255-4.

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Greenberg, Stephen. Laboratory diagnosis of viral respiratory disease. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1986.

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Dessain, Scott K., ed. Human Antibody Therapeutics for Viral Disease. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72146-8.

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Schultheiß, Heinz-Peter, ed. New Concepts in Viral Heart Disease. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73610-0.

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Council on Community Health, Hospital, Institutional, and Medical Affairs. Ad Hoc Committee on Protocol Development. Patients with hepatic disease. Chicago, Ill: American Dental Association, 1990.

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Chisari, Francis V., and Michael B. A. Oldstone, eds. Transgenic Models of Human Viral and Immunological Disease. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85208-4.

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International Symposium on Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease (9th 1996 Rome, Italy). Viral hepatitis and liver disease: Proceedings of IX Triennial International Symposium on Viral Heptatis and Liver Disease, Rome, Italy, 21-25 April 1996. Edited by Rizzetto Mario. Turin: Edizioni Minerva Medica, 1997.

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Viral sex: The nature of AIDS. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

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Viral immunity: A 10-step plan to enhance your immunity against viral disease using natural medicines. Charlottesville, VA: Hampton Roads Pub., 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Viral disease of ruminants"

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Farver, Carol, Subha Ghosh, Thomas Gildea, and Charles D. Sturgis. "Viral Infections." In Pulmonary Disease, 295–306. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47598-7_21.

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Wittmann, G. "Aujeszky’s Disease (Pseudorabies) in Ruminants." In Developments in Veterinary Virology, 163–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1587-2_5.

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Scoazec, Jean-Yves. "Viral Hepatitis." In Infectious Disease and Parasites, 317–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30009-2_1081.

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Adle-Biassette, Homa. "Viral Infections." In Infectious Disease and Parasites, 321–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30009-2_1082.

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McManus, Bruce M., Michael Seidman, Karin Klingel, and Honglin Luo. "Viral Heart Disease." In Clinical Virology, 99–113. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819439.ch7.

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Chan, Anthony W. H., Alberto Quaglia, Beate Haugk, and Alastair Burt. "Viral Liver Disease." In Atlas of Liver Pathology, 85–103. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9114-9_6.

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Falsey, Ann R. "Viral Infections." In Infectious Disease in the Aging, 225–42. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-026-1_19.

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Duncan, Coley B., and Ann R. Falsey. "Viral Infections." In Infectious Disease in the Aging, 367–84. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-534-7_23.

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Relich, Ryan F. "Viral Infections." In Atlas of Infectious Disease Pathology, 75–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54702-2_3.

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Hornig, Mady. "Borna Disease Virus." In Neurotropic Viral Infections, 315–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33133-1_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Viral disease of ruminants"

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Stengel, R. F., R. Ghigliazza, N. Kulkarni, and O. Laplace. "Optimal control of a viral disease." In Proceedings of American Control Conference. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2001.946229.

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Young, J. R., S. Nampanya, S. Khounsy, R. D. Bush, and P. A. Windsor. "Improving trade in large ruminants and products by transboundary animal disease control in Lao PDR." In Annual International Conference on Advances in Veterinary Science Research. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2382-5685_vetsci13.60.

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DAS, NANDA, and SAMARES PA. "EFFECT OF VIRAL DISEASE IN A DIFFUSIVE PLANKTON SYSTEM." In International Symposium on Mathematical and Computational Biology. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814667944_0006.

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Cheung, Dorothy S., Lauren E. Camarda, Sarah J. Ehlenbach, Desire A. Hunter, and Mitchell H. Grayson. "Neutrophil Subsets In The Development Of Post-Viral Atopic Disease." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a2562.

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MACKENZIE, JOHN S. "EMERGING VIRAL DISEASES: THE ROLE OF WILDLIFE IN DISEASE EMERGENCE." In International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies 34th Session. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812773890_0017.

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Hussain, Akram, and Yuan Luo. "Privacy Aware Contact Tracing by Exploiting Social Networks in Viral Disease Outbreaks." In GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322077.

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Le Roux, Mélina, Gwenola Kervoaze, Laurent Gillet, Muriel Pichavant, and Philippe Gosset. "Induction of IL-20 Cytokines during Viral Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." In Abstracts from the 17th ERS Lung Science Conference: ‘Mechanisms of Acute Exacerbation of Respiratory Disease’. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.lungscienceconference-2019.yi02.

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Brassington, K., S. Chan, A. Dobric, O. Oseghale, S. N. De Luca, H. J. Seow, S. Bozinovski, S. Selemidis, and R. Vlahos. "Ebselen Prevents Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Viral-Induced Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a4291.

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Nguyen, Thi Hiep, Fiona Eyers, Ming Yang, and Paul Foster. "Azithromycin modulates viral-induced asthma exacerbation by targeting the innate immune response." In Abstracts from the 17th ERS Lung Science Conference: ‘Mechanisms of Acute Exacerbation of Respiratory Disease’. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.lungscienceconference-2019.pp217.

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Akarapatima, Keerati, and Tatsanai Sattayaraksa. "IDDF2019-ABS-0097 The relationship between hepatic steatosis and result of viral hepatitis C treatment." In International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF) 2019, Hong Kong, 8–9 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-iddfabstracts.264.

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Reports on the topic "Viral disease of ruminants"

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Kancheva, Lyudmila, Petar Nikolov, Tsvetelina Velikova, Ivan Valkov, Rossen Nikolov, and Lyudmila Mateva. Soluble CD14 is Associated with Disease Activity and Severity in Chronic Viral Hepatitis C and B. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.06.17.

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Schmitt, Virgil L., and Kevin Van Dee. Effects of Cruiser Seed Treatment for Bean Leaf Beetle and Soybean Aphid Management on Soybean Yield and on Incidence of Viral Disease in Eastern Iowa. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1091.

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