Academic literature on the topic 'Violent crimes – Social aspects – Brazil'
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Journal articles on the topic "Violent crimes – Social aspects – Brazil"
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Kovač, Mitja, and Marcela Neves Bezerra. "Eroded Rule of Law, Endemic Violence and Social Injustice in Brazil." Lexonomica 12, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 211–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/lexonomica.12.2.211-242.2020.
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Modern Brazil is plagued by social and economic inequalities, endemic violence, crime, and a weak rule of law. Once these narratives become dependent on each other, all aspects must be worked on to change the scenario the country is facing: insecurity, fear and a lack of opportunities. This paper argues that the unprecedented rise of social injustice in Brazil is not the result of short-term measures but is part of its history marked by economic and social inequalities extending from its colonial past until today and the deficient policies on crime that emerged in the mid-1990s. Moreover, the current massive incarceration, overcrowding of prisons combined with the absence of human living conditions is turning the prison system in Brazil into a gigantic, perpetual school of crime. Investment in education that directly helps to lower the crime rate must be aligned with a new, less repressive and more inclusive punitive policy so as to induce criminals not to return to their unlawful ways. It is suggested that Brazil can only properly develop if efficient legal institutions, the rule of law, and criminal sanctioning based on the principles of social justice are available to all citizens.
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Karpova, Anna, Aleksei Savelev, and Nataliya Maksimova. "Modeling the Process of School Shooters Radicalization (Russian Case)." Social Sciences 10, no. 12 (December 13, 2021): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10120477.
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Research on radicalization became relevant to the study of terrorism and violent extremism just two decades ago. The accumulated empirical data on terrorism have led researchers and experts to understand that radicalization is a predictor of violent actions by terrorists, violent extremists, and lone actors. Violent incidents committed by school shooters are not terrorist crimes, but there is good reasons for inclusion as terrorist crimes since they have similar mechanisms. The article aims to create a conceptual model of school-shooter radicalization and determine the distinguishing features of the process. The paper presents a theoretical and methodological base of content analysis concepts, political models, and terrorist radicalization on the different levels of study. Based on the content analysis results, we identify the significant gaps in the research field, consider the radicalization phenomenon in detail, substantiated the qualitative aspects of the school shooters radicalization, and propose a conceptual scheme. Psychological, behavioral, cognitive aspects of the school shooters radicalization reflect a holistic picture of the relationship between the process phases and changes in the parameters of the object’s state. The aspects of radicalization and this phenomenon’s qualitative properties are interpreted as the determinants of the conceptual model. The model includes five stages, each of which is considered to be one of the components for the formation and acceptance of the idea of a violent way to solve a problem, but certainly do not act individually as the only component that leads to the actual implementation of the incident of a school shooting. An in-depth study of online social connections and warning signs, mobilization factors, behavioral trajectories, and imitation mechanisms can help scientists understand why school shooters are increasingly motivated to use violent means to achieve personal goals. We have outlined the possibilities and prospects of the model’s application and directions for future research.
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Heo, Jun. "A Study on the Aspects of the Joseon Dynasty through the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty." Korean Society of Private Security 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 197–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.56603/jksps.2022.21.2.197.
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In order to understand the criminal aspects of the Joseon Dynasty, I searched the Korean Version of the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty provided by the National Institute of Korea History and analyzed the extracted articles. It was searched by classifying the main crime types: murder, violent crime, property crime and sex crime. In the Joseon Dynasty, it was found that many murders were committed by high-ranking officials or officials by abusing their authority. And violent crimes have similarly abused their powers and there have been many cases of violence. There were few records of actual cases of property crimes in the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. But considering that the seriousness of the theft crime and countermeasures were discussed, it was found that it was recognized as a very serious crime. In order to maintain social order based on strict Confucian ideology, sexual crimes in the Joseon Dynasty were severely punished unlike the modern point of view of sexual crimes. In the Joseon Dynasty, as in modern times, various types of crimes existed, and interest and efforts were made to prevent them. However, the differences between the status system of the Joseon Dynasty and the present say according th Confucianism were clearly evident.
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Mayer, Peter. "The Better Angels of Their Natures? The Declining Rate of Homicides against India’s Dalits." Studies in Indian Politics 5, no. 2 (October 11, 2017): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321023017727956.
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There is a common perception—made the more acute by the growing focus on rapes since the horrific gang rape incident in Delhi in 2012—that India is an increasingly violent society. One can even see aspects of this perspective in official documents. Crime in India, 2009 for example observed that ‘The quantum of total violent crimes [increased] continuously … from 2005 to 2009’. This article focuses on serious, violent crimes against India’s Dalits (Scheduled Castes), especially homicides, as they appear in official statistics. It suggests that contrary to popular understanding, murder, rape and arson directed against Dalits have declined significantly since a peak in the early 1990s. The article argues that, in part, the declines are due to the social mobilization of Dalits, the emergence of lower caste and Dalit political parties in north India and specific aspects of political competition. But another, broader and important influence, perhaps related to what Steven Pinker has called ‘the better angels of our nature’, is an unnoticed but significant decline in overall rates of interpersonal violence in India.
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Avdeev, V. A., and O. A. Avdeeva. "INTERNATIONAL LEGAL, DOCTRINAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL-PRACTICALAPPROACHES TO COUNTERING MERCY-Violent Crimein the Russian Federation." Russian Family Doctor, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rfd10673.
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The subject of the study is mercenary-violent crime, taking into account its condition, structure and dynamics. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of the Russian criminal law policy in the field of combating crime of mercenary-violent orientation, taking into account the requirements of international law. The purpose of the study is a modern analysis of the understanding of mercenary-violent crime, the content and types of crimes of this orientation. Attention is focused on the criminological analysis of mercenary-violent crime, prevention and prevention in the context of improving measures of criminal law, criminological and organizational and practical counteraction. The methodological basis for the study of measures to combat mercenary-violent crime is formed by a set of general scientific and private scientific methods that have led to an integrated approach to the study of legal policy to counteract mercenary-violent crime, taking into account the ongoing socio-economic and political-legal transformations. The main results of the study reveal the process of counteracting mercenary-violent crime in the context of globalization, measures to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of the mechanism of criminal law regulation of public relations related to countering crimes of mercenary-violent orientation. Conclusions are formulated regarding the methodological and organizational-practical aspects of the legal impact on persons who have committed self-seeking and violent assaults. The novelty of the research topic is the formulation of the problem associated with the disclosure of the causes and conditions of mercenary-violent crime as a socially negative phenomenon in modern conditions; the definition of key areas of legal policy in the field of combating crimes of mercenary-violent orientation, determined by socio-economic and political transformations. In order to achieve the stated goal of the study, special legal methods of cognition were used that facilitate the analysis of the legal regulation of legal responsibility for mercenary-violent crimes. The result of the study is the disclosure of the legal nature of mercenary-violent crime, its essential properties and signs as a social negative phenomenon; identification of features of measures to counter self-serving and violent orientation; establishing trends in legal regulation of crimes of mercenary-violent orientation; determination of the specifics of the mechanism of legal regulation of legal liability for mercenary-violent crimes. An opinion was expressed that there was no categorical legal assessment of the concept of mercenary-violent crimes in domestic legislation, which predetermined the recognition of criminal legal measures as a strategic resource for combating mercenary-violent crime. The conclusions are formulated on the factors inspiring the legislative regulation of the corpus delicti of violent orientation, and the specifics of the implementation of punishment and other measures of a criminal law nature.
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Avdeev, V. A., and O. A. Avdeeva. "INTERNATIONAL LEGAL, DOCTRINAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL-PRACTICALAPPROACHES TO COUNTERING MERCY-Violent Crimein the Russian Federation." Russian Family Doctor, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rfd10705.
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The subject of the study is mercenary-violent crime, taking into account its condition, structure and dynamics. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of the Russian criminal law policy in the field of combating crime of mercenary-violent orientation, taking into account the requirements of international law. The purpose of the study is a modern analysis of the understanding of mercenary-violent crime, the content and types of crimes of this orientation. Attention is focused on the criminological analysis of mercenary-violent crime, prevention and prevention in the context of improving measures of criminal law, criminological and organizational and practical counteraction. The methodological basis for the study of measures to combat mercenary-violent crime is formed by a set of general scientific and private scientific methods that have led to an integrated approach to the study of legal policy to counteract mercenary-violent crime, taking into account the ongoing socio-economic and political-legal transformations. The main results of the study reveal the process of counteracting mercenary-violent crime in the context of globalization, measures to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of the mechanism of criminal law regulation of public relations related to countering crimes of mercenary-violent orientation. Conclusions are formulated regarding the methodological and organizational-practical aspects of the legal impact on persons who have committed self-seeking and violent assaults. The novelty of the research topic is the formulation of the problem associated with the disclosure of the causes and conditions of mercenary-violent crime as a socially negative phenomenon in modern conditions; the definition of key areas of legal policy in the field of combating crimes of mercenary-violent orientation, determined by socio-economic and political transformations. In order to achieve the stated goal of the study, special legal methods of cognition were used that facilitate the analysis of the legal regulation of legal responsibility for mercenary-violent crimes. The result of the study is the disclosure of the legal nature of mercenary-violent crime, its essential properties and signs as a social negative phenomenon; identification of features of measures to counter self-serving and violent orientation; establishing trends in legal regulation of crimes of mercenary-violent orientation; determination of the specifics of the mechanism of legal regulation of legal liability for mercenary-violent crimes. An opinion was expressed that there was no categorical legal assessment of the concept of mercenary-violent crimes in domestic legislation, which predetermined the recognition of criminal legal measures as a strategic resource for combating mercenary-violent crime. The conclusions are formulated on the factors inspiring the legislative regulation of the corpus delicti of violent orientation, and the specifics of the implementation of punishment and other measures of a criminal law nature.
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Avdeev, V. A., and O. A. Avdeeva. "INTERNATIONAL LEGAL, DOCTRINAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL-PRACTICALAPPROACHES TO COUNTERING MERCY-Violent Crimein the Russian Federation." Yugra State University Bulletin, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/byusu20200107-16.
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The subject of the study is mercenary-violent crime, taking into account its condition, structure and dynamics. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of the Russian criminal law policy in the field of combating crime of mercenary-violent orientation, taking into account the requirements of international law. The purpose of the study is a modern analysis of the understanding of mercenary-violent crime, the content and types of crimes of this orientation. Attention is focused on the criminological analysis of mercenary-violent crime, prevention and prevention in the context of improving measures of criminal law, criminological and organizational and practical counteraction. The methodological basis for the study of measures to combat mercenary-violent crime is formed by a set of general scientific and private scientific methods that have led to an integrated approach to the study of legal policy to counteract mercenary-violent crime, taking into account the ongoing socio-economic and political-legal transformations. The main results of the study reveal the process of counteracting mercenary-violent crime in the context of globalization, measures to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of the mechanism of criminal law regulation of public relations related to countering crimes of mercenary-violent orientation. Conclusions are formulated regarding the methodological and organizational-practical aspects of the legal impact on persons who have committed self-seeking and violent assaults. The novelty of the research topic is the formulation of the problem associated with the disclosure of the causes and conditions of mercenary-violent crime as a socially negative phenomenon in modern conditions; the definition of key areas of legal policy in the field of combating crimes of mercenary-violent orientation, determined by socio-economic and political transformations. In order to achieve the stated goal of the study, special legal methods of cognition were used that facilitate the analysis of the legal regulation of legal responsibility for mercenary-violent crimes. The result of the study is the disclosure of the legal nature of mercenary-violent crime, its essential properties and signs as a social negative phenomenon; identification of features of measures to counter self-serving and violent orientation; establishing trends in legal regulation of crimes of mercenary-violent orientation; determination of the specifics of the mechanism of legal regulation of legal liability for mercenary-violent crimes. An opinion was expressed that there was no categorical legal assessment of the concept of mercenary-violent crimes in domestic legislation, which predetermined the recognition of criminal legal measures as a strategic resource for combating mercenary-violent crime. The conclusions are formulated on the factors inspiring the legislative regulation of the corpus delicti of violent orientation, and the specifics of the implementation of punishment and other measures of a criminal law nature.
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Otto, Natália. "‘I Did What I Had to Do’: Loyalty and Sacrifice in Girls’ Narratives of Homicide in Southern Brazil." British Journal of Criminology 60, no. 3 (January 3, 2020): 703–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz079.
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Abstract This paper examines how criminalized teenage girls who have committed homicide reconcile violent practices with self-conceptions of femininity in their personal narratives. Data come from 13 biographical interviews with adolescent girls incarcerated in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Drawing from Bourdieusian theory and narrative criminology, I examine how gendered social structures shape how girls produce intelligible and morally coherent accounts of their crimes. I found that girls share a narrative habitus that allows for three different frames to make sense of violence: violence as a gendered resource, as a gendered failure and as a gendered dilemma. This paper contributes to a growing feminist narrative criminology that investigates how personal narratives of violence are embedded in gendered social structures.
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Schomerus, G., D. Heider, M. C. Angermeyer, P. E. Bebbington, J. M. Azorin, T. Brugha, and M. Toumi. "Urban residence, victimhood and the appraisal of personal safety in people with schizophrenia: results from the European Schizophrenia Cohort (EuroSC)." Psychological Medicine 38, no. 4 (October 15, 2007): 591–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291707001778.
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BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia are at increased risk of being victims of violent and non-violent crimes. We have determined how the experience of crime and subjective feelings of safety differ between urban and rural residential areas.MethodWe analysed data from the European Schizophrenia Cohort (EuroSC), a 2-year follow-up study of 1208 patients in the UK, France and Germany. Subjective safety and a history of victimhood were elicited with Lehman's Quality of Life Inventory. Regression models adjusted the effects of living environment for country, education, employment, financial situation, drug and alcohol abuse, criminal arrests and the level of schizophrenic symptoms.ResultsTen per cent of patients were victims of violent and 19% of non-violent crimes. There was no significant relationship between victim status and residential area. However, subjective safety was clearly worse in cities than in rural areas. Aspects of objective and subjective safety were related to different factors: being the victim of violence was most strongly associated with alcohol and drug abuse and with criminal arrests of the patients themselves, whereas impaired subjective safety was most strongly associated with poverty and victimhood experience.ConclusionsAlthough urban living was not associated with increased objective threats to their security, patients did feel more threatened. Such stress and anxiety can be related to concepts of social capital, and may contribute unfavourably to the course of the illness, reflecting the putative role of appraisal in cognitive models of psychosis. Securing patients’ material needs may provide a way to improve subjective safety.
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AlQahtani, Sarah M., Danah S. Almutairi, Eman A. BinAqeel, Reema A. Almutairi, Reem D. Al-Qahtani, and Ritesh G. Menezes. "Honor Killings in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Narrative Review." Healthcare 11, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11010074.
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Honor killing is a violent crime committed by one or more perpetrators, in which the crime’s intention is to restore honor to their family. In this narrative review, the authors investigate the epidemiology of honor killing in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Furthermore, the social, cultural, and legal aspects of honor killing are discussed. Numerous socio-cultural factors lead to the action of killing for honor in this region. They include deeply rooted patriarchal dominance, the desire to maintain social status, and being poorly educated. Honor killing perpetrators have similar characteristics, such as rating female chastity at a higher price and justifying violence against women. The impact of honor killing on family members is much greater than the perceived families’ beliefs of the community’s rejection of the female’s dishonorable behavior. Silence culture dominates these societies, and many crimes are under-reported in this region. Often, a judicial trial is not conducted for such heinous crimes. Penal code reforms, campaigns to promote human rights, steps to improve the education level, and active participation of civil society in condemning such crimes are a few essential measures that need to be considered in order to curb the social evil of honor killing.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Violent crimes – Social aspects – Brazil"
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Guclu, Idris. "The Function of Social Structure in Controlling Violent Crime in Turkey." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc33225/.
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This dissertation examines the relationship between social structural factors and violent crime rates in Turkey. The relationship between social structural characteristics and violent crime is worth exploring in areas that have attracted little academic attention, such as violent crime in Turkey. In order to understand and prevent the occurrence of crime, researchers have long investigated possible factors related to crime. Examining how crime varies across different regions can help us to understand underlying reasons for violent crime, which is considered one of the enduring problems in society. The findings of this research, to some extent, support the assumptions of social disorganization theory regarding the distribution of violent crime. Both the findings of multivariate and bivariate analysis indicated that poverty, unemployment, and family disruptions may have a positive effect on the distribution of violent crime in the cities of Turkey. The analysis of the effects of the social structure variables through the mediating variables, such as religious institutions, libraries and voluntary associations on the number of violent crimes and violent criminals, to some extent, support the tenets of social disorganization theory. However, all mediating variables cannot mediate all the indirect effects of social structural covariates. In brief, none of their indirect impacts on the social structural variables on the outcome variable was significant via mediating variables.
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PAIVA, Luiz Fábio Silva. "Significados da morte: o discurso da imprensa sobre crimes que "abalaram" o Brasil." www.teses.ufc.br, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/6301.
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PAIVA, Luiz Fábio Silva. Significados da morte: o discurso da imprensa sobre crimes que "abalaram" o Brasil. 2012. 376f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2012.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-10-22T11:42:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012-TESE-LFSPAIVA.pdf: 3866054 bytes, checksum: 2ce1bc242428379638adf4d341541dc4 (MD5)
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This research reflects on how the media retracted the deaths that have become, due to its effect in the Brazilian press, symbols of violent crimes in such country. The deaths of Daniella Perez, Tim Lopes, João Hélio and Isabella Nardoni are studied from a sociological point of view, based on a comprehensive analysis perspective. As a methodological resource, these events were investigated, from 2008 to 2011, from online contents available on the Internet. The review of available contents privileged the material produced by the Brazilian press available on websites that store and allow access to narratives, speeches and arguments about each of the crimes. The understanding of these contents was based on a critical analysis of speeches produced by multiple instances of news production and broadcast in various media. Each case was studied in its specificity and also allowed a joint analysis of systematicities pertaining to the press work in developing news and meanings about the analyzed crimes. It was observed how the press constructs forms of crime representation from arguments that involve the social recognition of the victims and accused of committing their deaths. It was verified how the media are spaces of political struggle for the establishment of truth and justice in relation to each of the crimes. Furthermore, it was evidenced that news, to the Brazilian press, are ways to communicate, discuss and question on the moral principles underlying the law democratic societies. In this research, it was observed that, when speaking of the deaths, the production instances speak, especially, of lives of people involved in the event. While concerned with communicating the death of a person, the producers of news report to multiple social issues, portraying the subjective aspects that involve each of the cases. By narrating the deaths of Daniella, Tim, João and Isabella, the Brazilian press dwelt on issues surrounding its implementation, printing series of neglected and revealed aspects according to the logic of what the press wants to hide and show on its contents. The ways of communicating the analyzed deaths are permeated with arguments that seek to create a way to see, feel, perceive and act regarding crime in Brazil.
O trabalho reflete sobre como os meios de comunicação retrataram mortes que se tornaram, devido à sua repercussão na imprensa brasileira, símbolos de crimes violentos no País. São estudadas de um ponto de vista sociológico, fundamentadas em uma perspectiva de análise compreensiva, as mortes de Daniella Perez, Tim Lopes, João Hélio e Isabella Nardoni. Como recurso metodológico, esses acontecimentos foram pesquisados, de 2008 a 2011, a partir de conteúdos online disponíveis na Internet. A revisão dos conteúdos disponíveis privilegiou o material produzido pela imprensa brasileira disponível em websites que armazenam e possibilitam acesso a narrativas, discursos e argumentações sobre cada um dos crimes. A compreensão desses conteúdos se fundamentou em uma análise crítica dos discursos produzidos por múltiplas instâncias de produção de notícias e veiculados em diversos tipos de mídia. Cada um dos casos foi estudado em sua especificidade e possibilitou, também, uma análise conjunta das sistematicidades pertinentes ao trabalho da imprensa na elaboração de notícias e sentidos sobre os crimes estudados. Observou-se como a imprensa constrói formas de representação dos crimes a partir de argumentações que implicam na forma de reconhecimento social das vítimas e dos acusados de protagonizarem suas mortes. Verificou-se como os meios de comunicação são espaços de lutas políticas pelo estabelecimento da verdade e da justiça em relação a cada um dos crimes. Ademais, evidenciou-se que as notícias, para a imprensa brasileira, são formas de comunicar, discutir e problematizar sobre os princípios morais que fundamentam as sociedades democráticas de direito. Nessa pesquisa, foi possível observar que, ao falar das mortes, as instâncias de produção falam, sobretudo, da vida das pessoas envolvidas no acontecimento. Enquanto se preocupam em comunicar a morte de uma pessoa, os produtores de notícias se reportam a múltiplas questões sociais, retratando os aspectos subjetivos que envolvem cada um dos casos. Ao narrar as mortes de Daniella, Tim, João e Isabella, a imprensa brasileira discorreu sobre problemáticas que envolveram sua realização, imprimindo séries de aspectos negligenciados e revelados conforme a lógica do que se deseja ocultar e demonstrar em seus conteúdos. As maneiras de comunicar as mortes estudadas são permeadas de argumentos que buscam criar uma maneira de ver, sentir, perceber e agir em relação ao crime no Brasil.
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MacMaster, Llewellyn L. M. "Die trauma van geweldsmisdaad op die funksionering van geloofsgemeenskappe." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52231.
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Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2001ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Violent crime in South Africa in general and on the Cape Flats in particular, is a very complex phenomenon. This phenomenon has various historical, sociopolitical and economic roots. Furthermore, violent crime has a direct as well as indirect impact on the functioning of faith communities within societies. Congregations and churches do not function in isolation from the rest of society. Theology, and more specifically pastoral care, must be seriously concerned with the problems experienced by the community at large. A pastoral strategy should therefore move away from a spirituality that only focus on the impact of violence on individuals and families. Because violent crime is a systemic phenomenon, a socio-systemic approach should be followed, in which the impact of violent crime on faith communities should be analyzed in order to create a holistic model. In Chapter 1 we look at the reasons for violence. We focus on the appearance of crime, the relationship between aggression and crime. Different types of aggression as well as some underlying causes of aggression are discussed. In Chapter 2 we focus on crime as a national phenomenon. Certain historical roots of the current "culture of violence" are discussed. We also look at the impact of the political transition since 1990 on the socio-economic and moral situation in the country. In Chapter 3 we take a closer look at the situation on the Cape Flats. Particular attention is given to the issue of gangsterism, which in a certain sense has become synonymous with the Cape Peninsula. In Chapter 4 the trauma of violent crime on communities is the focus of discussion. Results of a victim survey in Cape Town are utilized. Violence against women and children enjoy special attention. The effect of violent crime on faith communities is highlighted. In the last chapter we try to put forward some guidelines for a theory of practice for the pastoral care of people living on the Cape Flats, using traditional-historic and current resources. We propose a holistic model with a systemic approach. We choose a theory of practice based upon an eco-hermeneutic model, which implies the following: The interpretation of the salvation of God to people (hermeneutic) within the reality (existence) of their daily lives (systemic). We indicate a few areas for long term, preventative building up and healing intervention and conclude with the results of this research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geweldsmisdaad in Suid-Afrika in die algemeen en op die Kaapse Vlakte in besonder, is 'n uiters komplekse fenomeen, waarvan die wortels gesoek moet word in verskeie historiese, sosio-politieke en ekonomiese oorsake. Hierdie geweldsmisdaad het In direkte en indirekte impak op die funksionering van geloofsgemeenskappe binne die samelewing. Gemeentes en kerke funksioneer nie in isolasie van die res van die samelewing nie en daarom behoort teologie en die pastoraat in besonder, erns te maak met die probleme waarmee die breer gemeenskap worstel. In Pastorale strategie behoort dus weg te beweeg van In spiritualiteit wat fokus bloot op die impak van geweld op individue en gesinne. Omdat geweldsmisaad In sistemiese verskynsel is, behoort In sosio-sistemiese benadering gevolg te word waarbinne die impak van geweldsmisdaad op geloofsgemeenskappe kontekstueel ontleed word ten einde In holistiese model te ontwerp. In Hoofstuk 1 word daar gekyk na oorsake van geweld. Ons kyk na die voorkoms van misdaad, die verband tussen aggressie en geweld. Verskillende tipes aggressie sowel as onderliggende oorsake vir aggressie word bespreek. In Hoofstuk 2 word daar gefokus op geweld as nasionale fenomeen. 8epaalde historiese wortels van die huidige "kultuur van geweld" word bespreek. Daar word veral gekyk na die impak van die politieke transisie sedert 1990 op die sosioekonomiese en morele toestand in die land. In Hoofstuk 3 word die situasie op die Kaapse Vlakte van nader beskou. Die verskynsel van bendegeweld wat in 'n sekere sin al so sinoniem met die Kaapse Skiereiland geword het, kry besondere aandag. In Hoofstuk 4 word die trauma van geweldsmisdaad op gemeenskappe bespreek. Resultate van 'n opname onder slagoffers van misdaad in Kaapstad word as uitgangspunt gebruik. Geweld teen vroue en kinders geniet spesiale aandag. Die effek hiervan op die funksionering van geloofsgemeenskappe word uitgelig. In die laaste hoofstuk word gepoog om vanuit die tradisioneel-historiese sowel as hedendaagse bronne tot ons beskikking riglyne vir 'n moontlike praktykteorie vir die pastorale begeleiding van lidmate binne hierdie gemeenskappe op die Kaapse Vlakte daar te stel. 'n Holistiese model wat sistemies te werk gaan, word voorgestel. Die keuse vir In praktykteorie gebou op In eko-hermeneutiese model word gemaak, wat neerkom op: Die vertolking van God se heil aan mense (hermeneuties) binne die totale werklikheid van hule daaglikse bestaan (ekosistemies). In Paar areas vir langtermyn, preventatiewe opbou en ehelende intervensie word voorgestel en die navorsingsbevindinge van hierdie studie word aangedui.
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Benjamin, Arlene. "Community counsellors' experiences of trauma and resilience in a low-income community." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86553.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Violence is considered a global mental health problem. The rate of violence in South Africa is amongst the highest in the world and much of this violence is disproportionately skewed towards the poorer and historically disadvantaged communities. Low-income communities continue to bear the brunt of historical legacies of violence which are perpetuated through current ongoing cycles of interpersonal and community violence. While much has been documented about trauma and resilience in environments where the violence or traumatic event has ceased, there is a dearth of literature conceptualising trauma and resilience in contexts where the violence persists. Furthermore, even fewer studies have captured how trauma and resilience are conceptualised from the perspectives of the voices who experience this violence daily. The social constructionist framework of this study aims to contribute to the knowledge of how trauma and resilience is constructed by those who experience ongoing violence, and whether resilience and healing does occur in an environment of continuous traumatic stress. The voices of the participants of the study provide an additional perspective from that of community-based counsellors. Their dual experience of living and working in a violent community gives a rich insight into the relationship between trauma and resilience. The study is located in Hanover Park, a low-income community, notorious for its high levels of community violence. The participants are community-based counsellors who volunteer at Organisation X, a community-based ecological intervention that has been developed in response to addressing the cyclical impacts of ongoing violence and continuous trauma. The research design is a purposive in-depth case study of eighteen counsellors, investigating the narratives of their lives within its real-life context. Follow-up focus groups held with the counsellors were guided by ideas and practices of narrative theory. The narratives were analysed using thematic content and experience-centred form analysis. Multi-level themes related to trauma and resilience were constructed by the participants. It was revealed that the trauma effects related to systemic ongoing violence are viewed as maladaptive features of negative resilience. At the same time positive resilience which promotes healing, empowerment and transformation is possible despite negative and violent environments. The perspectives of community counsellors which offer critically important insight into their experience of the context of violence, and the complex interconnecting of individual, interpersonal and social aspects of trauma and healing in disadvantaged communities, could also inform future evidence-based interventions, provide alternate paradigms within which mental health professionals could position themselves to engage in issues of social justice and psychosocial health.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geweld word wêreldwyd as 'n geestesgesondheidsprobleem beskou. Die voorkoms van geweld in Suid-Afrika, is tans een van die hoogstes in die wêreld en die meeste van hierdie geweld neig om veral die armer en histories benadeelde gemeenskappe negatief te raak. Gemeenskappe in die laer inkomstegroepe is dus die mense wat die spit afbyt, omdat hierdie historiese nalatenskap van geweld deur die huidige voortdurende kringloop van interpersoonlike en gemeenskapsgeweld voortleef. Alhoewel daar alreeds baie dokumentêre bewyse bestaan oor trauma en veerkragtigheid in omgewings waar geweld of traumatiese gebeure beëindig is, is daar 'n gebrek aan literatuur wat trauma en veerkragtigheid vasvang waar geweld die orde van die dag is. Daar is verder nog minder studies wat vaslê hoe trauma en veerkragtigheid uit die oogpunt van die betrokkenes wat geweld daagliks ervaar, gekonseptualiseer word. Die sosiale konstruksionisme raamwerk van hierdie studie beoog om 'n bydrae te lewer oor hoe , indien wel, trauma en genesing beleef word deur diegene wat voortdurende geweld ervaar in 'n omgewing waar aanhoudende traumatiese stres voorkom. Die deelnemers aan hierdie studie verskaf 'n addisionele perspektief van die van gemeenskapsberaders. Hul tweeledige ervaring van leef en werk in 'n gewelddadige gemeenskap verskaf 'n dieper insig in die verhouding tussen trauma en veerkragtigheid. Die buurt waar die studie gedoen is, is Hanover-park - 'n lae inkomste gemeenskap wat berug is vir hoe vlakke van gemeenskapsgeweld. Die deelnemers is beraders uit die gemeenskap wat vrywillige werk doen by Organisasie X - 'n gemeenskapsgebaseerde ekologiese intervensie wat ontwikkel is om die sikliese impak van voortdurende geweld en trauma te verminder. Die navorsingstudie is 'n doelgerigte diepgaande gevallestudie van agtien beraders wat hul lewensverhale binne die werklike konteks ondersoek. Die beraders het die opvolg fokus-groepe gelei deur idees en die narratiewe teorie in die praktyk toe te pas. Die vertellings is geanaliseer deur gebruik te maak van die tematiese inhoud en 'n ervarings-gesentreerde analitiese formaat. Veelvlakkige temas wat verband hou met trauma en veerkragtigheid is deur die deelnemers saamgestel. Dit het aan die lig gebring dat die effek van trauma wat verband hou met voortdurende sistemiese geweld geag word as wanaangepaste kenmerke van negatiewe veerkragtigheid. Terselfdertyd is die positiewe veerkragtigheid wat genesing, bemagtiging en verandering evorder moontlik, ten spyte van negatiewe en gewelddadige omgewings. Die vooruitsigte van die gemeenskapsberaders wat belangrike en kritiese insig in hul ervarings binne geweldsverband bied, die ingewikkelde verbondenheid van die indiwiduele, interpersoonlike en sosiale aspekte van trauma en genesing in benadeelde gemeenskappe kan insiggewend wees vir toekomstige ingryping. Dit kan alternatiewe modelle voorsien waarvolgens beroepslui in die geestesgesondheidveld hulself kan inrig om kwessies van sosiale geregtigheid en psigo-sosiale gesondheids-toestande aan te spreek.
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Carpes, Nívea S. "De porto a porto : a segurança pública como forma de controle social." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/180947.
Full textAbstract:
A tese analisa a atuação dos secretários de segurança e sua capacidade de gerar mudanças nas instituições de segurança e sobre os índices de criminalidade e violência. O objeto de investigação circunscreve-se ao âmbito do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, na cidade de Porto Alegre, nas gestões da segurança pública do período entre 2001 a 2015. O enfoque é a política de segurança proposta pelos secretários de segurança e os dados criminais da cidade de Porto Alegre, que possibilitam um diálogo com a política criminal portuguesa e programas especiais de segurança pública, executados pela Polícia de Segurança Pública. Para esse cenário, a tese busca apresentar o contexto histórico, social e econômico que favorece a criminalidade em Porto Alegre e na cidade do Porto, fazendo um debate com elementos como planos de segurança, modelos de policiamento, índices criminais, a política criminal portuguesa, a lei que descriminaliza o consumo de drogas em Portugal e os programas especiais da Polícia de Segurança Pública do Porto. Em termos metodológicos, foram realizadas análises de documentos; foram levantados dados sobre criminalidade, reaparelhamento das instituições de segurança, investimento em formação, novas tecnologias e participação social; e foram realizadas entrevistas. O referencial teórico foi constituído por abordagens sobre segurança pública e dilemas da violência e da criminalidade – Benevides (1985), Soares (2003), Adorno (1996), Velho (2000), Silva (1999); “governance” - Wood & Dupont, 2006, Oliveira (2006), Merrien (1998), Johnston & Shearing (2003), Agra (1997), Oliveira (2006), Zedner (2009), Lemieux (2000), Webber (2004) e Jones (2012); e cidadania - Villagómez (1997), Elster (1993), Martin & Ceballos (2004), Sen (2003), Dagnino (2004) e Carvalho (2001). Para desenvolver esta análise, vinculamos o contexto da segurança pública a temas fundamentais como a “governance”, que nos possibilita tomar contato com a gestão a partir de um debate específico e a cidadania, como elemento que imprime um novo ponto de partida para a segurança pública. Pudemos constatar que a segurança pública no Brasil chega de maneira diferente aos estratos sociais. De modo geral, utilizando recursos diversos, os secretários de segurança buscaram dar respostas que definiam um determinado tipo de controle sobre a criminalidade e a violência, os resultados são expostos nos índices de criminalidade. Os enfoques para confrontar a insegurança vão do combate à criminalidade até o enfrentamento da causalidade do crime. A visão sobre o criminoso tem grande diferença, alguns secretários evitam esse ângulo, alguns compreendem que são cidadãos que deveriam ter oportunidades e outros entendem como pessoas irremediavelmente desviantes. Assim, os secretários dividemse entre mais voltados para uma abordagem social-crítica do contexto de criminalidade, os que ficam num estágio intermediário, conservador, buscando ações preventivas e aqueles que se concentram numa perspectiva punitivista e tradicional do combate ao crime. Quanto à Portugal, vem para essa tese para confirmar as possibilidades de uma convivência social pacífica, a despeito da existência de problemas socioeconômicos, destacando elementos culturais importantes na construção de ambientes seguros. Por fim, a Polícia de Segurança Pública demonstra a importância de programas especiais de segurança perenes e bem definidos, voltados a públicos mais vulneráveis.The thesis analyzes the performance of the secretaries of security and their capacity to generate changes in the security institutions and on the rates of crime and violence. The object of investigation is limited to the scope of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in the city of Porto Alegre, in the public security administrations of the period between 2001 and 2015. The focus is the security policy proposed by the secretaries of security and the data criminal cases of the city of Porto Alegre, that allow a dialogue with the Portuguese criminal policy and special programs of public security, executed by the Public Security Police. For this scenario, the thesis seeks to present the historical, social and economic context that favors criminality in Porto Alegre and in the city of Porto, by discussing elements such as security plans, policing models, criminal indexes, Portuguese criminal policy, law that decriminalizes drug use in Portugal and the special programs of the Porto Public Security Police. In methodological terms, document analyzes were carried out; data were collected on crime, re-organization of security institutions, investment in training, new technologies and social participation; and interviews were conducted. The theoretical framework was constituted by approaches on public security and dilemmas of violence and crime - Benevides (1985), Soares (2003), Adorno (1996), Velho (2000), Silva (1999); (1998), Johnston & Shearing (2003), Agra (1997), Oliveira (2006), Zedner (2009), Lemieux (2000), Webber (2004) and Jones (2012); and citizenship - Villagómez (1997), Elster (1993), Martin & Ceballos (2004), Sen (2003), Dagnino (2004) and Carvalho (2001) In order to develop this analysis, we link the public security context to fundamental issues such as "governance", which enables us to make contact with management through a specific debate and citizenship as an element that sets a new starting point for security public. We can see that public security in Brazil arrives differently from social strata. In general, using diverse resources, the secretaries of security sought to provide answers that defined a certain type of control over crime and violence, the results are exposed in crime rates. The approaches to confront insecurity range from combating crime to tackling the causality of crime. The view of the criminal has a big difference, some secretaries avoid this angle, some understand that they are citizens who should have opportunities and others understand them as hopelessly deviant people. Thus, the secretaries are divided among more focused on a social-critical approach to the context of crime, those who are in an intermediate stage, conservative, seeking preventive actions and those who focus on a punitive and traditional perspective of the fight against crime. As for Portugal, he comes to this thesis to confirm the possibilities of a peaceful social coexistence, in spite of the existence of socioeconomic problems, highlighting important cultural elements in the construction of safe environments. Finally, the Public Security Police demonstrates the importance of special, perennial, well-defined security programs aimed at more vulnerable groups.
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Cosand, Kalistah Quilla. "Black and Blue and Read All Over: News Framing and the Coverage of Crime." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1793.
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This study explores the representation of crime in the news in relation to expressed emotion and intention for future action. Episodic and thematic framing (Iyengar, 1991) and narrative processing (Singer & Bluck, 2001) served as the theoretical foundations of this study and helped examine how scripted news stories involving crime influence levels of fear, anger, and empathy in individuals, and how these emotions subsequently affect behaviors. To measure these framing effects, an experimental manipulation was employed using three conceptually different news stories all involving gun-related crimes. One news story utilized an episodic format, while the other two stories used a thematic format (one positive and one negative). Emotional responses, levels of narrative engagement, policy support, perceived risk of victimization, and pro-social behavioral intentions were measured, all based on exposure to the specific type of news frame. The results of this study indicated that while types of news frames did not have a direct effect on readers' emotions, there was a significant relationship between emotions and future actions. For example, fear, anger, and empathy were significant predictors of perceived risk of victimization, policy support, and pro-social behavioral intentions, respectively. These findings contribute to the understanding of the role emotions play in predicting behavior, both within and beyond the scope of message framing.
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Van, Zyl Pieter Jacobus. "Die effek van geweld op maatskaplikewerk-dienslewering in geweldgeteisterde gebiede." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7445.
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M.A.The aim of this study was to compare the effect of violence on the rendering of social work services in severely strife-torn areas with its effect in moderately strife-torn areas. The social workers in the Gauteng Department of Welfare and Population Development were divided into two groups according to the area in which they render services. 2. THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES OF VIOLENCE AND SOCIAL WORK A broad theoretical outline followed which consisted of the definition of violence, the rendering of social work services and crime. Furthermore attention was given to theories of violence and different types of violence. Then a description of violence in South Africa was given, followed by a layout of the many factors contributing to violence in South Africa. This section concluded with a description of violence in the rendering of social work services nationally and internationally. RESEARCH DESIGN The research concentrated on a comparative study which was undertaken between social workers rendering services in severely strife-torn areas and those rendering services in moderately strife-torn areas with regard to the effect violence had upon them in the rendering of services to clients. RESEARCH RESULTS Six types of hypotheses were postulated beforehand and these were then compared with information that was received from respondents from the two identified areas. The results may be summarised briefly as follows: Social workers in both strife-torn areas were prevented from visiting clients; they were prevented from going to work; their vehicles were hijacked; their vehicles were stoned often; they were abducted; they had to run away or hide; their service offices were damaged; they were late for work; their service offices had to close at times; there were times they felt that their families were in danger; they didn't want to visit clients living in certain areas; violence caused them to postpone dealing with other social problems; their relationships with their clients were strained; their clients were prevented from keeping appointments; their clients were mildly injured (no hospitalisation); their clients were seriously injured or killed; the social workers had to take leave as a result of violence; some of them possess licensed firearms (11 out of 81 social workers); they can testify to incidents where people were killed or seriously injured; they felt negative about the effect violence had on their rendering of social work services; and they were positive about the proposed ways to handle violent situations. In addition, when comparing these two areas, clients known to social workers in severely strife-torn areas can testify to more incidents where they witnessed people being killed or seriously injured, than those in moderately strife-torn areas; clients themselves were also injured more in the former than in the latter areas; and the social workers in the former areas felt that their families were in greater danger than those of their counterparts in moderately strife-torn areas. But the other variables was found not to be statistically significant. 5. RECOMENDATIONS The respondents' reaction to the proposed ways to handle violent situations led to the prioritisation of the following fourteen ways in descending order of importance: two-way radios or cellular telephones in vehicles; replacement of "G" by "T" registration of vehicles; verbal telephone codes to request assistance; in-service training in order to handle violent situations; awareness of high-risk procedures, for example the removing of a child; reporting and recording incidents of violence; retreating and getting away if possible; obtaining discreet police assistance; using conventional alarm systems; the proximity of a "stand-by" person; paired home-visits; pre-arranged interview interruptions; carrying a service firearm; and supervised office interviews. The above-mentioned ways of handling violent situations were then included in four main categories to form part of a safety strategy for this specific organisation.
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"The impact of environmental violence on family well-being." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1272.
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M.A.Violence exacts an enormous social cost which is concerned with the loss of self-respect in both the perpetrators, the victims as well as the family and the broader social community. The purpose of this study was to describe the link between environmental violence and family well-being so as to develop effective intervention strategies for social work practice and community development. This study was conducted within Zola Primary Health Care Clinic in Soweto. A questionnaire was used as a method of gathering data that was required. The researcher used an exploratory descriptive design. It was found in this study that environmental violence has an impact on family well-being. The results of the study indicated that there is a significant difference between the type of environmental violence that was experienced by the victim e.g. rape/sexual abuse especially whereby the perpetrator is a family member or relative. The results showed that family well-being was affected in a way that victims felt less power, less goal-inclined, less safe within their own families as well as within their own communities. The family well-being is also affected by several factors such as housing, marital status, age, education. For an example the results showed that victims of violence with a higher level of education felt more power, more goal-inclined and safer within their families and within their own communities. Recommendations for social work practice and community development were drawn whereby the importance of knowing and understanding the needs of the victims were highlighted – before effective intervention can take place.
Dr. E. Oliphant
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Ellis, Tareen. "Psychopathy as a cause of violent crime in South Africa : a study into the etiology, prevelance and treatment of psychopathy as a cause of violence with particular reference to domestic violence in South Africa." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18333.
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Murder, rape, corruption and gang wars, sounds like something out of a bad movie but for many it is their way of life and not a movie they can stop. Many people today live with the constant threat of attack and the threat is often not by some stranger but someone they know, their neighbour, their uncle, their father, their domestic worker and on occasion even their own mother. As crime escalates more people are asking the question,"Why this rapid increase in crime and why is there such an increase in the number of violent crimes?" South Africa is well known, unfortunately, for its high crime rate and in particular it's exceptionally high violent crime rate. South Africa is rated in the top 10 for the highest murders per capita (UNDOC 2011). Over the past 20 years the number of violent crimes has progressively increased and the reason for this increase needs to be examined. there appears to be a rapid increase in the number of people presenting personality disorders in society. A number of studies have been conducted on the etiology of anti-social personality disorder and on psychopathology. In the past the majority of these studies had been conducted in developed countries and in the past few years a number of studies have started to be conducted in developing countries. Although very interesting with great insight very few have tried to examined any trends and differences between developed and developing countries. During the course of these studies it has been observed that inmates and people exhibiting Psychopathy traits are more likely to commit violent crimes and in addition reoffend. The thesis proposed examines trends between developed and developing countries to find any links between crime and psychopathology and in addition the etiology, prevalence and prevention of psychopathology. The study will identify a number of models utilised to understand violence in society and personality disorders with particular reference to psychopathy. The study is being done in order to obtain a better understanding of a link between psychopathology and escalating crime in South Africa and what, if anything can be done to decrease this prevelance. This thesis outlines a number of diagnostic tools utilised in order to determine if a person is indeed suffering from psychopathy. Each one of these is discussed and the validity of each considered for both developed and developing countries as a diagnostic tool. The study clearly show that there are a number of unanswered questions around psychopathy within South Africa and that more research within a South African context needs to be conducted if this disorder is to be properly understood.Psychology
M.A. (Psychology)
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Amaechi, Kingsley Ekene. "Violence and political opportunities : a social movement study of the use of violence in the Nigerian Boko Haram." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25758.
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This study investigates the use of violence by Salafi-Oriented Movement Organisations. Drawing
mostly from Social Movement Theory’s “political opportunity” and “resource mobilisation”
thesis, it uses the Northern Nigerian-born Boko Haram (BH) to study how such organisation
evolved and used different forms of violent activisms for goal attainment. On that basis, three main
research questions were formulated: (1) What socio-political structures enabled the evolution of
the organisation in Northern Nigeria? (2) Under what conditions did BH begin to use armed
violence against the Nigerian State? (3) What specific forms of armed violence did BH use and
how were such forms of strategy sustained within the organisation? In answering these questions,
the study relied on data collected through one-on-one semi-structured interviews from religious
leaders in Northern Nigeria (particularly those within the Salafi networks); selected politicians in
the areas where the group operates; some Nigerian security personnel, and on focus group
interviews from victims of BH violence. In addition, the study also drew from other documentary
sources (videos and audio recordings from different leaders in the group), and from internal
correspondence between BH leaders and those of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb. Along the
primary data, these documentary sources showed a striking historical continuity about the
emergence and activities of BH from inception, up until they began using violence as a means for
goal attainment. The data showed that while the emergence of the group was dependent on specific
Northern Nigerian socio-political and mobilisatory structures, the adoption and sustenance of
different forms of violence in the group were re-enforced by the interactions between the group’s
leadership and the Borno state government; the violent response of the Nigerian government to the
group's initial anti-state rhetoric; the mobilisation of different material resources (accruing from
the organisation’s interactions and collaborations with similar international Salafi networks) and
the internal dynamics in the group (competition between the different factions in the organisation).
These inter-related conditions provided the windows of opportunity upon which both the
establishment of the group, as well as the internal logic for the development and justification of
different forms of violence were sustained within the organisation.Religious Studies and Arabic
D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)
Books on the topic "Violent crimes – Social aspects – Brazil"
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Perlman, Janice E. Favela: Four decades of living on the edge in Rio de Janeiro. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
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1950-, Ruback R. Barry, and Weiner Neil Alan, eds. Interpersonal violent behaviors: Social and cultural aspects. New York, NY: Springer Pub. Co., 1995.
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Dillon, Soares Gláucio Ary, ed. Por que cresce a violência no Brasil? Belo Horizonte: Editora PUC Minas, 2014.
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Misse, Michel. Crime e violência no Brasil contemporâneo: Estudos de sociologia do crime e da violência urbana. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Lumen Juris, 2006.
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Applying social science to reduce violent offending. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
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Kelly, Patricia A. Violence in Cornet City: A problem-solving exercise. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, 1995.
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Kelly, Patricia A. Violence in Cornet City: A problem-solving exercise. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, 1995.
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Harrison, Moore Mark, Roth Jeffrey A. 1945-, National Institute of Justice (U.S.), and Abt Associates, eds. Violence in Cornet City: A problem-solving exercise. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, 1995.
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Kelly, Patricia A. Violence in Cornet City: A problem-solving exercise. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice, 1995.
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H, Athens Lonnie, and Ulmer Jeffery T. 1966-, eds. Violent acts and violentization: Assessing, applying, and developing Lonnie Athens' theories. Amsterdam: JAI, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Violent crimes – Social aspects – Brazil"
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Young-Alfaro, Morghan Vélez. "School Violence Inside Youth Prison Schools." In Handbook of Research on School Violence in American K-12 Education, 98–118. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6246-7.ch004.
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School violence inside youth prisons proves challenging to explore. The diversity among incarcerated students, variation in the layout and management of youth prison schools, and the trauma caused by confinement factor into how school violence unfolds. This chapter makes four contributions to landscaping the study of school violence inside youth prison schools. First, contrary to popular stereotypes, students have offenses across a spectrum of non-violent to violent crimes. Second, classrooms in some youth prisons are the only social spaces and violence gets funneled into them. Third, school violence intervention programs used in youth prison schools must contend with the trauma-inducing aspects involved in living in a correctional setting. Fourth, public discourse misplaces attention on punitive responses outside of a complex understanding of the students, experiences inside youth prison schools, and possibilities beyond schooling behind bars. These contributions scaffold future directions in research on school violence in youth prison schools.
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Young-Alfaro, Morghan Vélez. "School Violence Inside Youth Prison Schools." In Research Anthology on Interventions in Student Behavior and Misconduct, 322–42. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6315-4.ch018.
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School violence inside youth prisons proves challenging to explore. The diversity among incarcerated students, variation in the layout and management of youth prison schools, and the trauma caused by confinement factor into how school violence unfolds. This chapter makes four contributions to landscaping the study of school violence inside youth prison schools. First, contrary to popular stereotypes, students have offenses across a spectrum of non-violent to violent crimes. Second, classrooms in some youth prisons are the only social spaces and violence gets funneled into them. Third, school violence intervention programs used in youth prison schools must contend with the trauma-inducing aspects involved in living in a correctional setting. Fourth, public discourse misplaces attention on punitive responses outside of a complex understanding of the students, experiences inside youth prison schools, and possibilities beyond schooling behind bars. These contributions scaffold future directions in research on school violence in youth prison schools.
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Young-Alfaro, Morghan Vélez. "School Violence Inside Youth Prison Schools." In Research Anthology on Modern Violence and Its Impact on Society, 864–85. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7464-8.ch047.
Full textAbstract:
School violence inside youth prisons proves challenging to explore. The diversity among incarcerated students, variation in the layout and management of youth prison schools, and the trauma caused by confinement factor into how school violence unfolds. This chapter makes four contributions to landscaping the study of school violence inside youth prison schools. First, contrary to popular stereotypes, students have offenses across a spectrum of non-violent to violent crimes. Second, classrooms in some youth prisons are the only social spaces and violence gets funneled into them. Third, school violence intervention programs used in youth prison schools must contend with the trauma-inducing aspects involved in living in a correctional setting. Fourth, public discourse misplaces attention on punitive responses outside of a complex understanding of the students, experiences inside youth prison schools, and possibilities beyond schooling behind bars. These contributions scaffold future directions in research on school violence in youth prison schools.
Conference papers on the topic "Violent crimes – Social aspects – Brazil"
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Silva, Anderson Jose da, Bárbara Gabriela Pinto Da Silva, Maria Luana Sousa De Amorim, Rafaelle Vitoria Salvador De Assis, and Amanda Tabosa Pereira Da Silva. "VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19." In II Congresso Nacional Multidisciplinar em Enfermagem On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/2461.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: A violência doméstica e familiar pode ser caracterizada como física, psicológica, sexual, patrimonial e moral e são descritas desde 2006 pela Lei Maria da Penha. Esses tipos de violências são as principais causas de feminicídio no Brasil e podem ser cometidas por qualquer pessoa com vínculo familiar ou afetivo com a vítima. O agressor pode ser homem ou mulher e geralmente convivem na mesma residência, e por conta da pandemia do covid-19, essa questão foi potencializada tendo em vista que a população necessitou vivenciar longos períodos juntos no ambiente familiar, devido as medidas de distanciamento social. Objetivo: Avaliação do impacto da pandemia do covid-19 na violência doméstica. Material e métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa nos dados do sistema anuário Brasileiro de Segurança Pública e uma pesquisa bibliográfica descritiva, utilizando as bases de dados da Scielo e PubMed com os descritores: COVID-19, domestic violence e women’s health, no período de janeiro de 2020 a setembro de 2021. Resultados: De acordo com o anuário Brasileiro de Segurança Pública de 2021, a violência doméstica na pandemia aumentou, sendo registrado em 2020 um crescimento de 16,3%. Os principais aspectos que favorecem esse crime são: baixa renda, baixa escolaridade, medo de morrer, isolamento social, perda de pontos de referência, lares sem condições de comportar toda família, perda de parentes, dificuldade de acesso a serviços médicos e sociais, impossibilidade de fuga e aumento do consumo de substâncias viciantes. As mulheres com baixa escolaridade e sem renda financeira são mais vulneráveis a agressão, comprometendo desta forma os aspectos na sua saúde física, sexual, reprodutiva e mental, podendo promove danos diretos como lesões físicas, traumas psicológicos e morte; além de danos indiretos que causam prejuízo em médio ou longo prazo, resultando em doenças crônicas e incapacidades. Conclusão: A pandemia agravou os casos de violência contra a mulher, desta forma é necessário um maior fortalecimento do cumprimento das leis contra violência doméstica, da rede de apoio, aumento das campanhas de conscientização e de estimulação de denúncia, para ajudar a diminuir tais ocorrências.