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Morris, Gehring Alison. "International studies in violence prevention : a policy analysis." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4470.
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Violence is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Drawing on the disciplines of Political Science and Public Health the purpose of this study is to understand the conditions that determine political traction for the issue of violence and facilitate the adoption of a strategy of prevention. Using multiple-case study methodology, it draws on data collected from 42 in-depth semi-structured interviews, eight weeks of direct observations and more than 200 pieces of documentary evidence to examine violence prevention policy development in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, Jamaica and the Republic of Lithuania. The Shiffman Public Health Policy Priority Framework is applied to identify the factors that influenced the advancement of violence prevention policy in each case and to draw cross-case comparisons. The employment of this public health specific framework in the field of violence prevention allows the study to reach conclusions as to the utility of this framework for broader public health policy analysis and to proffer some refinements. Further findings suggest that bringing together academics, advocates and policy- makers into networks, focused on a shared concept of violence, gains political traction for the issue of violence and a strategy of prevention. It is found that the conceptualisation of violence and perception of prevention are framed in a case specific historical context and that an examination of this context is necessary to understand the conditions that shape the status of violence prevention policy. The results suggest that the development of violence prevention policy in other countries would be expedited by the coalescing and informed engagement of the violence prevention policy community in the web of institutions, interests and ideas that underpin the public health policy process.
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Bertie-Holthe, Michelle, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Education. "A school shooting : bullying, violence and an institution's response." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Education, 2003, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/153.
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This thesis is an inquiry that examines how those who are marked different in school are also marked "wrong" and marginalized and how that marking often leads to bullying. It examines the significance that those markings have on those who are marked, on those who mark and on those who are witnesses. This is an analysis of bullying and a critique of an institution's response to bullying and its deleterious effects. The writing offers a connection between the particular and the universal. It tells of my personal experience while I was a teacher at a small town high school before, during and immediately after a violent incident that resulted in a death, against a backdrop feminist, critical, poststructural and postmodern theory, and academic dialogue that has helped me come to some understanding of the dominant discourses at play within this story. The writing is not merely the mode of telling the writing is the way to understanding, which must always precede the telling. Finally this thesis is a search for a healing home in which home-ness means a place open to being, rather than a place that defines the "right" way of being.xii, 134 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.
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Nicoletti, Marcela, Andréia Isabel Giacomozzi, and Maria Fernanda Cabral. "Analysis of two case studies of sexual abuse committed by mothers." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/102356.
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This article aimed to analyze two cases of sexual abuse against girls, one with three years old and another with six years old, which was perpetrated by their progenitors, and examined by a psychosocial team of a South Brazilian Forum. In both cases the mothers had a family history of incestuous sexual abuse, were living alone with their daughters and the proper disclosure of the abuse committed against the girls only happened after the guard reversal. The fathers showed a passive behavior against the ex-wives and they were still sexually attached to them. With regard to the sexual violence, they had trouble believing it had been perpetrated by the mothers. It was also observed the difficulty of specialized services (police stations) to receive and register the complaintEste artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar dos casos de abuso sexual contra niñas, una con 3 y la otra con 6 años de edad, cometidos por sus progenitoras, y que fueron periciados por el equipo psicosocial de un Foro del sur de Brasil. En ambos casos las madres abusivas tenían una historia familiar de abuso sexual incestuoso y vivían solas con sus hijas, la revelación del abuso ocurrió solamente después de la reversión de guardia. Los padres de las niñas tenían un comportamiento pasivo en relación a las ex mujeres, aun siendo sexualmente unidos a ellas. En relación a la violencia sexual, los padres tenían problemas para creer lo que había sido perpetrado por ellas. Se observó también la dificultad de servicios especializados (comisarías de policía) para recibir y registrar la denuncia.
Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar dois casos de abuso sexual contra meninas, uma com 3 e a outra com 6 anos de idade, cometidos por suas genitoras, que foram periciados por equipe psicossocial de um Fórum do Sul do Brasil. Em ambos os casos as mães abusivas tinham uma historia familiar de abuso sexual incestuoso e viviam sozinhas com as filhas e a revelação do abuso ocorreu somente depois da reversão de guarda. Os pais das meninas apresentavam comportamento passivo em relação as ex mulheres ainda estando sexualmente ligados a elas. Em relação a violência sexual, eles tinham dificuldade em acreditar que havia sido perpetrada por elas. Se observou ainda a dificuldade dos serviços especializados (delegacias de policia) de receber e registrar a queixa.
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Shepherdson, Denese. "Student violence and school practice : experiences of a lower secondary male student using the methodology of participant observation." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1997. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/905.
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School experiences are said to be a preparation for life. The experience of violence perpetrated against a male student over a period of years has resulted in wide reaching implications for him, his family, the perpetrators, his peer group and school staff. This case study examines the experiences of a provocative victim and his bullies.
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Clark, Kyleigh M. "When Prohibition and Violence Collide: The Case of Mexico." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1323275155.
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Haque, Mahbubul Baker Iljas. "Impunity and Acid violence against women in Bangladesh : case studies in Satkhira and Sirajgonj districts /." Abstract, 2005. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2548/cd383/4737344.pdf.
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Aziz, Samehia. "Violence against women of Pakistan : a case study of the Cholistan desert." Thesis, Kingston University, 2012. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/22967/.
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Women continue to be subjected to violations of their human rights. Violence towards them is a crucial mechanism through which women are subjugated. Gender based violence is a silent global epidemic (UNDP 2011) and its devastating effects cannot be underestimated. This thesis proposes an integrated geographical or place-based approach to understand gender based violence. It offers an enhanced, theoretically more rigorous, 'spatialised' ecological model. The traditional ecological model has been reworked as a multi-dimensional structure, where the layers are (re)conceptualised as simultaneously social and spatial units constructed through and constituted in their connectedness with each other and with elsewhere; with spaces within, through and beyond them. In the new model, the layers are portrayed not as separate from one another, but rather linked together in a single interconnected whole. The ways in which risk factors interconnect with each other and mesh together fashion 'spaces of vulnerability' where violence against women is normalized and legitimated. Cholistan is one such place; a place of intense vulnerability. The 'roots' of gender based violence in Cholistan are deep and entrenched; interconnecting in complex ways to bestow adangerous and devastating legacy on Cholistani women. The thesis adopts a mixed method approach. In total 900 cases of abuse were examined. In addition, 17 interviews were conducted with a variety of key gatekeepers and 25 victim women were interviewed. In total 10 local community leaders were also interviewed in a group forum. The thesis presents evidence of the widespread and persistent abuse of Cholistani women. Violence towards women in Cholistan takes a myriad of forms. some of which are universal, some of which are culturally specific, embedded in the socio-cultural norms and traditions found in this isolated, barren and geographically remote locale. These include factors such as the propensity of exchange marriages, extended family structures, childlessness, son preference, as well as dowry-related issues and poverty; compounded by a lack of functioning state-led judiciary or law enforcement agencies; leaving no avenue of recourse for women These factors interrelate with each other in complex ways and at a variety of scales; to creating a space in Cholistan where violence against women is legitimated, sanctioned and ultimately played out.
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Demas, Grant. "Exploring 12 to 14 year old children’s perceptions of the causes and effects of physical violence between children : a Lynedoch study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4379.
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Thesis (MA (Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Violence occurs everywhere in the world, yet in poor communities like Lynedoch, located in the Western Cape Province of South Africa, physical violence between children has become endemic. It is so severe that in 2004 a child from this community was murdered by peers. Furthermore, a trend has been observed throughout South Africa, of serious acts of physical violence between children. This has escalated to such an extent that in 2008 the country’s schools were declared the most unsafe and dangerous in the world. The present study was undertaken to obtain a firsthand understanding of the causes and effects of physical violence between children in Lynedoch. It was further motivated by the researcher’s location as a Lynedoch resident and school teacher. The information was obtained from 12 child participants who reside in Lynedoch. Qualitative research was employed and a depth focus group interview was used to obtain the information. The information which was obtained was then categorised into units, from which the themes were extrapolated. It was the research instrument of choice, because it is highly recommended for conducting research with children and for exploring sensitive topics. Once the information was obtained, the participants were debriefed. In order to formulate a holistic and systemic understanding of the research findings Urie Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological systems theory was used as a framework. This enabled the researcher to discuss the findings within the constructs of the microsystem, the meso-system, the exo-system, the macro-system and the chrono-system. The discussion also included the issue of the influence of nature versus nurture, the emotional system, the cognitive-system and the behaviour-system. The findings of the present study revealed that the perceived causes of the physical violence between children in Lynedoch include a lack problem solving skills, difficulty dealing with certain emotions, low self-esteem, poor conflict resolution skills, domestic problems, difficulty communicating, a need for attention, and adults modeling physical violence to children. The perceived effects of physical violence between children in Lynedoch include painful emotions, desensitisation, displaced anger, vengefulness and suicidal ideation. In order to practically address the problems that were revealed through the formulation of the research findings, the present study recommends the implementation of systemic changes at multiple levels, including political, social, economic and personal changes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geweld kom oral in die wêreld voor, veral in armer gemeenskappe soos Lynedoch, wat in die Wes-Kaap Provinsie van Suid-Afrika geleë is. In hierdie gemeenskap het fisiese geweld tussen kinders endemie geword. In 2004 is kind vermoor deur ander kinders van hierdie gemeenskap. Tendens is dwarsdeur Suid-Afrika opgemerk, van ernstige gevalle van fisiese geweld tussen kinders. Dit het so vererger dat Suid–Afrikaanse skole in 2008 as die mees onveilig en gevaarlike skole ter wêreld bestempel is. Die huidige studie was onderneem om eerstehandse begrip van die oorsake en gevolge van fisiese geweld tussen kinders in Lynedoch te verkry. Die navorser was verder gemotiveer deur sy betrokkenheid as onderwyser by die laerskool en as inwoner van die Lynedochgemeenskap. Twaalf kinders van die Lynedoch gemeenskap het deelgeneem aan die studie. Kwalitatiewe navorsing was gedoen. Fokusgroeponderhoud was gebruik om die inligting te verkry. Hierdie navorsingsintrument was gebruik omdat dit die aanbevole metode is vir navorsing met kinders en veral wanneer sensitiewe onderwerpe ondersoek word. Na die afloop van die onderhoude, was daar ontlonting vir deelnemers. Om holistiese en sistemiese begrip van die navorsingsresultate te formuleer, is Urie Bronfenbrenner se bio-ekologiese sisteeem teorie gebruik. Dit het die navorser in staat gestel om die bevindinge binne die raamwerk van die mikro-sisteem, mesosisteem, exo-sisteem, makro-sisteem en die chrono-sisteem te bespreek. Die bespreking het ook die kwesie van die invloede van die mens se natuur teenoor die invloede van die omgewing, die emosionele sisteem, die kognitiewe sisteem en die gedrag-sisteem gedek. Die bevindinge van die huidige studie het die volgende oorsake van fisiese geweld tussen kinders in Lynedoch geopenbaar: gebrek aan probleemoplossingsvaardighede; die swarigheid om pynlike emosies te verwerk; lae selfbeeld; swak konflikhanteringsvermoëns; huishoudelike probleme; probleme met kommunikasie vaardighede, en tekort aan aandag en volwassenes se fisiese gewelddadige gedrag. Die waargenome effekte van fisiese geweld tussen kinders in Lynedoch sluit die volgende in: pynlike emosies; desensitisering; verplaasde gevoelens van woede; wraaksugtigheid en selfmoordgedagtes. Ten einde die probleme wat deur hierdie studie na vore gekom het, prakties aan te spreek, word sistemiese veranderinge op verskeie vlakke, insluitend persoonlike, sosiale, ekonomiese, sowel as polities aanbeveel.
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Schiffer, Sharon Nambudripad. "How ending gender violence in India improves the nation's international reputation and tourism industry| A case for nationalism." Thesis, University of Massachusetts Boston, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1550780.
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As nations have become far more interconnected by means of globalization in the 21st century, the issues that affect one nation often have affects upon others. As India is a nation with a population of more than 1.2 billion, the issues that affect the nation also affect others. As an assault in Delhi, India made international news on December 16, 2012, the international community has become more aware of the incidents of gender-based violence that exist within the country. The ramifications of the international community's knowledge of the assault included a drastic decrease in both its international reputation and its tourism industry. As tourism provided 6.6% of its total GDP in 2012, it is an industry that is integral to the development of the nation. In order for India to increase its reputation and its tourism industry, gender-based violence in the form of assault and trafficking must be eradicated. This thesis will discuss the roots of gender-based violence specifically in India, and a case study of India's fight against colonialism will be used as an example of how a sense of nationalism was essential in meeting the goal of the nation at that time. As colonialism and gender-based violence are both 'enemies' to a nation's autonomy and reputation, this thesis will analyze the fact that the nation's ability to form a cohesive national identity, as it did during British rule, is essential for it to achieve its 2013 goals.
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Sullivan, Daniel Lawrence. "Exposure to violence and self-reported aggression among a sample of high school learners in the Stellenbosch district." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50350.
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Thesis (MScPsy)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The phenomenon of violence is an all-too-common experience for many people around the world. In South Africa the legacy of a system of institutionalised violence has influenced the fabric of this society. The consequences of violence on South African youth are of major concern for the country's future. This research examines the types and contexts of exposure to violence and the types of self-reported aggression in a sample of 426 adolescent learners from three schools in the Stellenbosch District. The role of gender in mediating the type and the location of violence exposure and aggressive behaviour is also explored in this study. A questionnaire consisting of modified versions of the Screen for Adolescent Violence Exposure (SAVE) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) was administered to 187 male and 239 female adolescents from three schools. The sample reported being exposed to moderately high levels of indirect violence in their community. This exposure was significantly correlated to high levels of self-reported aggression. Results from the Analyses of Variance indicated that females were exposed to more physical/verbal abuse at home, while males more frequently witnessed traumatic violence at school and in the community. The learners reported high levels of aggression, particularly with regard to physical aggression, verbal aggression and hostility. From these observations, females were found to be more hostile, while males demonstrated higher levels of physical aggression. Analysis of the gender differences suggested that males were more likely to display verbal aggression when exposed to violence, while females' exposure to physical/verbal abuse at school appeared to increase their levels of anger. The findings from this study indicate that adolescents exposed to high levels of violence are at risk of presenting with elevated levels of aggression. Efforts need to be made to reduce the levels of exposure to violence and adolescents' levels of aggression. It is suggested that adolescents be taught prosocial skills with regard to conflict situations.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geweld is vir baie mense dwarsoor die wêreld 'n alledaagse verskynsel. Die stelsel van geinstitusionaliseerde geweld in Suid-Afrika het die wese van die samelewing beinvloed. Die gevolge van geweld op die Suid-Afrikaanse jeug is vir die land se toekoms kommerwekkend. Hierdie studie ondersoek die tipes en inhoud van blootstelling aan geweld, die tipes van selferkende aggressie en die verband tussen blootstelling en aggressie. Die studie ondersoek ook die rol van geslag in die blootstelling aan geweld, asook dié van aggressiewe gedrag. Die ondersoekgroep was 'n groep van 426 adolessente leerders van drie skole in die Stellenbosch Distrik. 'n Vraelys, bestaande uit aangepaste weergawes van die "Screen for Adolescent Violent Exposure (SAVE)" (Hastings & Kelley, 1997) en die "Aggression Questionnaire (AQ)" (Buss & Perry, 1992) is gebruik om 187 manlike en 239 vroulike adolessente by die drie skole te toets. Daar is gevind dat die ondersoekgroep blootgestel was aan redelike hoë vlakke van indirekte geweld in hulle gemeenskap wat beduidend korreleer met hul hoë selferkende aggressie. Resultate van die variansie-ontleding wys dat meisies meer blootgestel is aan fisiese/verbale geweld tuis, terwyl seuns weer meer dikwels getuies van traumatiese geweld by die skool en in die gemeenskap was. Die leerders het hoë vlakke van aggressie, veral fisiese aggressie, verbale aggressie en vyandigheid gerapporteer. Van die bevindings kan afgelei word dat meisies meer vyandig is, terwyl seuns weer hoër vlakke van fisiese aggressie geopenbaar het. Analise van die geslags verskille dui aan dat seuns meer geneig is tot verbale aggressie wanneer hulle aan geweld blootgestel word, terwyl meisies meer geneig is tot woede wanneer hulle aan fisiese of verba Ie geweld by die skool blootgestel word. Die bevindings dui aan dat adolessente wat blootgestel word aan hoë vlakke van geweld geneig is tot hoë vlakke van aggressie. Pogings behoort aangewend te word om geweld en die vlakke van aggressie verminder. Daar word aanbeveel dat adolessente sosiale vaardighede geleer moet word om konfliksituasies beter te kan hanteer.
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Damon, Franzett Elize. "Factors underlying women's decision not to report physical abuse : a qualitative exploration." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53422.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Violence against women, commonly known as women abuse, is currently evolving into a serious social problem. In South Africa thousands of women are victims of violence inflicted by their intimate partners. Although violence against women is a serious violation of human rights, it is often not recognised as such. Violence against women in intimate relationships often results in women experiencing serious physical, psychological and reproductive health problems. When living or trapped in abusive relationships, women are exposed to injuries, ailments and diseases, wounds, chronic pain, infertility and internal bleeding. In spite of the fact that governments, including the South Africa government, have committed themselves to addressing women abuse through legislation, large numbers of women still experience extraordinary high levels of violence. However, many women neglect to report incidents of violence. Many women remain in such relationships, legislation aimed at protecting their rights not withstanding. The aim of this study was to explore why women neglect to report incidents of violence and to explore women's experiences of violence. Seven coloured women between the ages of 21 and 38 years and living in a small rural town in the Western Cape participated in the study. In-depth interviews were used to obtain information from these women. The extent of the problem of women abuse worldwide and in South Africa is illustrated by research conducted internationally as well as locally. Radical feminism is used as a theoretical framework to interpret the causes of women abuse, the 'acceptance' of women abuse by the community and society and the reasons why women choose not to report incidents of abuse. The analysis and the interpretation of the data is done against the background of social practices embedded in the patriarchal structuring of society. It was found that women's experiences and lives are predominantly structured in terms of their sex and that women comply with expectations set by their intimate partners, family and friends. In order to maintain their relationships, secure a household income and to protect their children against poverty, women remain silent about the abuse they suffer. The study also found that women's responses to abuse relate to the sources and options available to them.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geweld teen vroue wat algemeen bekend staan as vrouernishandeling, is tans besig om in 'n ernstige sosiale probleem te ontwikkel. Binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks is duisende vroue die slagoffers van geweld binne intieme verhoudings. Alhoewel vrouernishandeling 'n ernstige skending van menseregte is, word dit nie altyd as sodanig erken nie. Mishandeling binne intieme verhoudings lê dikwels ten grondslag van vroue se fisiese, sielkundige en reproduktiewe gesondheidsprobleme. Vroue wat vasgevang is in sulke verhoudings word blootgestel aan beserings, kwale en siektes, wonde, kroniese pyn, onvrugbaarheid en interne bloeding. Ten spyte van die feit dat verskeie lande se regenngs, insluitende Suid-Afrika, hulself verbind het tot 'n stryd teen vrouernishandeling met behulp van wetgewing, ervaar groot getalle vroue wêreldwyd nog steeds buitengewone vlakke van geweld. Baie vroue versuim egter om insidente van mishandeling te rapporteer. Baie vroue bly in intieme verhoudings ten spyte daarvan dat wetgewing wat gerig is op die beskerming van hul regte in plek is. Die doel van hierdie studie was dus om vas te stel waarom vroue versuim om insidente van mishandeling te rapporteer en om insig te verkry in die ervaringswêreld van mishandelde vroue. Sewe Kleurling vroue tussen die ouderdomme van 21 en 38 jaar en woonagtig in 'n klein plattelandse dorpie in die Wes-Kaap het aan die studie deelgeneem. 'n Kwalitatiewe benadering is gevolg en data is met behulp van in-diepte onderhoude ingesamel. Die omvang van vrouernishandeling wêreldwyd en binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks word geïllustreer aan die hand van internasionale en plaaslike navorsing oor die verskynsel. Radikale feminisme word as teoretiese vertrekpunt geneem in die interpretasie van die oorsake van vroumishandeling, die 'aanvaarding' van die verskynsel deur die gemeenskap en samelewing en die redes waarom vroue nie insidente van geweld rapporteer nie. Die analise en interpretasie van data is gedoen teen die agtergrond van sosiale praktyke binne die konteks van patriargale strukturering van die samelewing. Die studie bevind dat vroue se ervarings grootliks gestruktureer word in terme van hul geslag en dat hulle hul gedrag in ooreenstemming bring met die verwagtings van hul intieme maats, vriende en familie. Ten einde hulle verhoudings in stand te hou, 'n huishoudelike inkomste te verseker en hul kinders teen armoede te beskerm, besluit vroue om 'n stilswye rondom hul mishandeling te handhaaf. Die studie toon dat vroue se response verband hou met die bronne en opsies wat tot hul beskikking is.
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Haley, Jamalieh. "Escalating Language at Traffic Stops: Two Case Studies." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3887.
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In recent years, the public has seen a rise in recorded footage of violent encounters between police and Black American citizens, partially due to technology such as cell phones, dash-cameras, and body-cameras. This linguistic study examines how these encounters get escalated to the point of violence by asking 1) what kind of directives were used, 2) how were they responded to, 3) how the directives contributed to escalation, and 4) how might power and authority have played a role. I use two case studies to analyze directives and their responses. Findings reveal that repetition of directives on the part of the officers, as well as the rejections to those directives on the part of the motorists tend to aggravate the conversation. I conclude that a variety of directives may represent a variety of reasons the officer might have for a motorist to comply with their directives and that police authority might be better understood and agreed to by the motorist if a variety of linguistic resources were used.
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Nordenrot, Anna. "Access Denied: Structural Violence, Disability and Education : A Case Study on Cambodia's Invisible Children." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-275207.
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Education is one of the main priorities for both past and present global development goals, and making sure access is granted to all children is vital. However, when looking at education for children with disabilities, access is not as easily provided as for their non-disabled peers. In Cambodia, children with disabilities have a strong legislative protection despite low enrolment rates. This thesis looks further into how, and why children with disabilities in Cambodia are not in school. The empirical results based on an ethnographic study suggest that structural violence, which is violence operating indirectly through institutions and structures in society, obstructs access to education through the mechanisms of social exclusion, oppression and lack of agency. The obstructing forces are deeply rooted in the structures of the Cambodian society and physical barriers are linked to attitudinal barriers where the presence of disability causes stigmatisation that breed discrimination and exclusion. This thesis adds violence as a variable of interest when it comes to looking at development from the perspective of disability studies.
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Zhou, Xiaoyan. "Qing perceptions of anti-Chinese violence in the United States case studies from the American West /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1663116471&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Rautenbach, Etienne Aubrey. "'n Kwalitatiewe ondersoek na huweliksgeweld teenoor wit Suid-Afrikaanse mans." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17331.
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Thesis (DPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation looks at husbands as victims of family violence at the hands of their spouses. Four white Afrikaans speaking persons from Pretoria were interviewed in case studies focusing on the problem of husband abuse. During the interviews use was made of an interview schedule based on contemporary theoretical explanations for the phenomenon. Three of the participants were white males who elaborated on their own experiences as victims of marital violence. A fourth participant was a white female who elaborated on her father’s experiences as a victim of marital violence. The taped recordings of the interviews were transcribed and a data set developed by using AtlasTi. The data set was used to construct the social worlds of men as victims of marital violence by focusing on eight categories: definitions of violence, frequency of violence, causes of violence, violent insidents, effects of violence, disintegration of the relationship, remaining in a violent relationship and men and women’s propensity for violence. The data set was further used to examine the contemporary theoretical explanations for family violence at the micro, meso and macro levels. Regarding the micro level constructs, there seems to be application value for the psychobiological and psychodynamic perspectives. The victim theory does not seem to have much apllication value. With regard to the meso level constructs, it seems as if stress theory and traumatic bonding theory, exchange/social control theory and social learning theory may be useful in explaining marital violence. Power theory and resource theory, in an amended form, may also be of value. The application of conflict theory seems problematic since it is not clear whether violence leads to isolation or vice versa. Regarding the macro level analysis, it seems as though the culture of violence theory and the subculture of violence theory have strong application value. General systems theory is difficult to apply, but theoretically specific questions to the participants brought to light that support networks for male victims are inadequate or even absent. The patriarchal feminist theory seems to have no apllication value seeing that three of the main assumptions of this theory collapsed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif kyk na getroude mans as slagoffers van gesinsgeweld aan die hand van hul vroue. Onderhoude is gevoer met vier wit Afrikaanssprekende persone van Pretoria in gevallestudies met die fokus op die probleem van eggenoot-misbruik. Gedurende die onderhoude is gebruik gemaak van ‘n onderhoudskedule wat gebaseer is op kontemporêre teoretiese verduidelikings vir die verskynsel. Drie van die deelnemers was blanke mans wat uitgebrei het oor hul eie ervarings as slagoffers van huweliksgeweld. ‘n Vierde deelnemer was ‘n blanke vrou wat uitgebrei het op haar vader se ondervindings van huweliksgeweld. Die bandopnames van die onderhoude is getranskribeer en ‘n datastel ontwikkel deur gebruik te maak van AtlasTi. Die datastel is gebruik om die sosiale wêrelde van mans, as slagoffers van huweliksgeweld, te konstrueer deur te fokus op agt kategorieë: geweldsomskrywings, geweldsfrekwensie, geweldsoorsake, geweldsinsidente, geweldseffek, verhoudingsdisintegrasie, aanbly in die geweldsverhouding en mans en vroue se geneigdheid tot geweld. Die data is verder gebruik om die kontemporêre teoretiese verduidelikings vir gesinsgeweld op die mikro-, meso- en makrovlakke mee te eksamineer. Onder die mikrovlak-konstrukte skyn daar sterk toepassingsmoontlikhede te wees vtr die psigo-biologiese en psigodinamiese perspektiewe. Die blameer-die -slagoffer-perspektief skyn nie veel toepassingswaarde te hê nie. Onder die mesovlak-konstrukte blyk stresteorie en traumatiese bindingsteorie, ruil-/sosiale beheerteorie en sosiale leerteorie bruikbaar te wees in die verklaring van huweliksgeweld. Magsteorie en hulpbronteorie kan ook van waarde wees. Die toepassing van konflikteorie skyn problematies te wees, want dit is nie seker of die geweld lei tot isolasie van die gesin of omgekeerd nie. Wat die makrovlak-konstrukte aanbetref blyk geweldskultuurteorie en die subkultuur van geweldsteorie ook sterk toepassingsmoontlikhede te hê. Algemene sisteemteorie is moeilik toepasbaar, maar teoreties-spesifieke vrae aan die deelnemers het aan die lig gebring dat ondersteuningsnetwerke vir manslagoffers gebrekkig of selfs afwesig is. Die patriargale feministiese teorie skyn geen toepassingswaarde te hê nie aangesien die drie hoofaannames van hierdie teorie platval.
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Anum, Samuel Adotey. "The new insurgencies and mass uprisings in Africa and international involvement : selected case studies." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63005.
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The study examined the relationship between mass uprisings and insurgencies and the impact of international involvement on escalation of mass uprisings into an insurgency. The research used the insurgencies of the LRA (Uganda); RUF (Sierra Leone), Boko Haram (Nigeria) and Al-Shabaab (Somalia) as well as the mass uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya as case studies.
The study established that insurgencies in Africa that relied primarily on terrorism and violence explain criminal rather than political violence. While the mass uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya revealed normal patterns of conflict, it was established that the case of Libya was a hybrid of mass uprising and insurgent methods that leaned towards a description of a new category of insurgency.
The study further confirmed that internal conditions in a state and the nature of international involvement define the outcomes of a mass uprising or an insurgency in terms of escalation, duration and termination. The comprehensive humanitarian interventions in the insurgencies of the LRA, Boko Haram, Al-Shabaab and the R2P intervention in Libya escalated violence and conflict continuation. In contrast, the limited involvement in the mass uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt resulted in low levels of violence, while the intervention in Sierra Leone terminated the RUF insurgency in view of the associated DDR and institutional building programmes. The study recommends that since humanitarian and military interventions invariably escalate violence and increased fatalities, interventions to end conflicts (mass uprisings and insurgencies) must be based an incremental use of force as a complement to peaceful negotiations.Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Political Sciences
DPhil
Unrestricted
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Ada, Tchoukou Julie Ynes. "Legal Development and the Democratization of Human Rights in Post-modern Africa: A Case for the Legal Regulation of Cultural Violence Against Girls." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42652.
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The problem of cultural violence against girls in Nigeria has been discussed at length. A number of scholars have conducted empirical studies, others developed theories and tools to be used in measuring and monitoring improvement on eliminating specific cultural practices. This scholarship is vitally important. They launch feminist and other anthropological works into an arena of anti-violence work which without a doubt have a significant impact and far-reaching repercussions for girls who experience violence in Nigeria. Yet, despite the systemic change over the past years, the problem of violence against girls in Africa, more specifically Nigeria, is still persistent within cultural communities. Building on the important foundational works of these authors, my dissertation analyses this problem from a different perspective. This thesis identifies several governance gaps within the Nigerian legal framework that needs to be addressed before existing legal mechanisms can adequately address the problem of violence against girls. To ensure a proper examination of the different dimensions and changing patterns of cultural violence against girls, the dissertation focuses on the practice of child marriages within Muslim communities in Northern Nigeria. The complexity of the issues addressed in this dissertation required a variety of theoretical tools to unpack the different fields of inquiry. The dissertation uses a critical legal studies and feminist framework in studying the problem of cultural violence against girls in Nigeria. It also uses textuality, a method of inquiry within Dorothy Smith’s feminist socio-legal methodology, to investigate the text-based organization of social policy in Nigeria to ultimately reveal a legal and political system used as an instrument for consolidating power and legitimizing anti-women principles as traditional values. Using these tools, the thesis analyzed the complexity of the problem of cultural violence through a focus on co-existing institutional frameworks, that is, formal and informal legal structures and the roles they play in shaping the experiences of girls within cultural communities.
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Noell, Erin R. "Slipping Through the Cracks: A Kenyan Case Example of Refugeeism, International Norms, and Gender-Based Violence." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1398186042.
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Sahin, Ozden. "Political violence and networks in the 21st century media art from the Mediterranean : 4 case studies from 2000-2015." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2018. http://research.gold.ac.uk/23324/.
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Despite the high number of cases of overt political violence in the Mediterranean and the richness of media art in the region, there has been no comprehensive research about political violence and contemporary media art production in the region. Departing from the question of networks in media art from the Mediterranean, this research looks at the artists’ imagination of the region informed by practices of various forms of violence through critical outlook on the issues of visibility. In doing so, it inquires into treating the Mediterranean itself as a medium. It conducts four case studies whose common focus is on the networks of relations that reproduce, strengthen, and reinforce models of political violence at various levels, using anecdotal evidence and content analysis methods. The case studies give a a) microscopic view of a computer virus; b) life-size view of an individual human body; c) landscape view of urban transformation; and d) bird’s eye view of occupation, consumption and destruction. Taking Michel Foucault’s concept of biopolitics as its theoretical framework, the study analyses the contemporary blend of disciplinary, sovereign, biopolitical, and necropolitical practices within granular and grand levels across the region and claims that temporality is the key element in the transformation and survival of forms of violence.
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Fok, Fung-yee, and 霍鳳儀. "A study of bullies in a secondary school." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31962944.
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Muffet-Willett, Stacy L. "Waiting for a Crisis: Case Studies of Crisis Leaders in Higher Education." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1290118943.
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Flynn, Sydney. "Applying Psychological Theories of Personality, Identity, and Intergroup Conflict to Radical Violence: A Case Study of Extremist Behavior." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1890.
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This paper aims to address possible psychoanalytical explanations for the heinous acts in which terrorists, particularly ISIS, engage. It focuses on Harold D. Lasswell’s principles of the id, ego, and superego as well as Tajfel and Turner’s social identity theory. Within the framework of these two theories, relevant psychological and social psychological theories are discussed in order to explore a possible connection between the psyche of violent perpetrators and their actions. By exploring these connections, I find that there may be more nuanced psychological explanations for these violent acts, which could lead to new methods of weakening perceived biases, intergroup conflicts, and extremist behavior.
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Chitiki, Elizabeth. "Participation in the anti-sexual violence silent protest: a sexual citizenship perspective." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62917.
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There is a growing body of research on sexual citizenship that focuses attention on gender and which bridges the gap between public and private life in order to rethink citizenship from a feminist perspective. This is in contrast to understandings of citizenship that promote policies of sexual regulation and a heteronormative ideal of citizenship. My research takes the form of a qualitative case study. Using data from two focus group discussions, fifteen personal diaries, as well as social media posts, I analyse participation in the Silent Protest, an annual anti-rape protest, through the lens of sexual citizenship. I look at how participation in the protest promotes or inhibits inclusive and process-based understandings of sexual violence and sexualities issues. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and the results of the analysis are presented into two parts. The first part of the analysis discusses the politics of affect and witnessing as two processes through which allies’ understandings of sexual violence are shaped. The second part of analysis shows that the Silent Protest contributes to people’s knowledge and understandings of sexual violence in relation to sexualities in a range of ways. Examples of inclusive understandings are: (1) insights about rape in relation to gender and heteronormative inequalities, culture and patriarchal dominance; (2) understanding of critical sexual citizenship in relation to sexual violence; and (3) understanding of politics of recognition (the need for recognition of the importance of safe spaces for formal and informal support for victim-survivors and recognition of victim-survivors’ identities). However, some of the understandings are limited to emotion and affect dynamics. In some ways, therefore, the Silent Protest fails to promote understandings significant to inclusive citizenship, including understandings of entitlements to non-discriminatory sexual health care services and legal services.
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Cinoglu, Huseyin. "An Analysis of Major American Riots: Issues in Riots and Riot Control." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2850/.
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By conducting sound research to understand the concepts surrounding rioting and efficient riot response tactics, professionals, especially whose main job is to ensure the tranquility in the society, will be better prepared to deal with all kinds of civil movements. The purpose of this study, consequently, is to meet the growing need for educational materials in this area and to provide riot response case studies, which demonstrate the numerous administrative challenges faced by law enforcement decision makers. In this study, seven major riots from throughout the United States are discussed including the Hay Market Riot of 1886, the Watts Riot of 1965, and Los Angeles Riots of 1992. Each riot case is studied in five different and independent stages: the setting and pre-disturbance situation, basic causes of the event, the disturbance situation, the response to the riot, and the aftermath of the incident. The study of all of these stages is intended to help police administrators acquire a general perspective on collective violence, and help them prevent future occurrences in their jurisdictions. In this thesis a special reference is given to the deficiencies of American riot policing and some recommendations were formed accordingly. Therefore, the study concludes with a list of general recommendations, which are crucially important for concerned officials to pay attention before, during, and after a riot.
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Cartwright, Duncan James. "Latent murderousness: an exploration of the nature and quality of object relations in rage-type murderers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002455.
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In this dissertation I investigate the intrapsychic make-up of rage-type offenders and explore the psychodynamics of the act of murder itself The dissertation begins with a discussion on the defining features of the act of rage-type murder. I then consider the role of personality characteristics and psychopathology in individuals who have committed such offences. With the basic features of the offender and act itself outlined, the following section reviews key areas of debate regarding the psychodynamics of violence and the intrapsychic make-up of the rage-type murderer. I first explore the nature of aggression as debated in psychoanalysis and conclude that the views expressed are often unn,ecessarily polarized regarding the origins of aggression and suggest that the specifics of particular types of aggression require consideration in order to assess their intrapsychic nature. The specifics of rage and violence are discussed with this in mind. In the second chapter of this section I develop a number of intrapsychic dimensions to be used in understanding how different types of violence are constituted. Psychodynamic contributions towards understanding rage-type murder, as a specific form of violence, are then discussed. Following this review, a number of directive ~uestions are formulated regarding (1) the intrapsychic dimension of rage-type murder; (2) the pJ;esence of the borderline personality in such offender~ and its intrapsychic nature; and (3) the_ specific psychodynamics that lie behind what is argued to be a defensive act of murder. A multiple case study approach, using nine imprisoned rage-type offenders, is used to further explore the above issues. Court summary reports, the Thematic Apperception Test and the Psychoanalytic Research Interview comprised the research material, with particular emphasis placed on the interview material. The interview is approached from a psychoanalytic perspective and I develop some theoretical, technical and analytical guidelines to try to broaden Jhe use of psychoanalysis in the research domain. Findings of the research reveal a specific kind of defensive organization that is characterized by a constellation of object relations that I term the 'narcissistic exoskeleton'. I suggest that these findings best fit the description of a particular kind of borderline personality organization typified by apparent 'normality'. Other prominent aspects of the dimensions of violence observed in these cases include: (1) a poor representational capacity; (2) an interactional style characterized by uncontainable projective exchanges between victim and offender; (3) a collusive primary object relationship combined with the absence of an internalized 'third object'; (4) a 'two-faced' superego structure; (5) the internalization of traumatic experience that has become associated with a bad object system; (6) phantasies of restoring ideal good in external objects alongside conscious fantasies of annihilation. Within the context of these factors the intrapsychic events that lead to the act itself are discussed. It is found that a collapse of the 'narcissistic exoskeleton', the intrusion of the bad object system and the unbearable shame that this evokes in the offender are prominent features of what culminates in an act of explosive rage and projective identification. Some of the implications of my research are briefly discussed in the concluding chapter.
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Lynch, Tristam W. "The Evolution of Modern Central American Street Gangs and The Political Violence They Present: Case Studies of Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002642.
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McCurdy, Marian Lea. "Women Murder Women: Case Studies in Theatre and Film." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Theatre and Film Studies, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1938.
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This thesis looks at two cases of women who murdered women - the Papin sisters (Le Mans, 1933) and Parker-Hulme (Christchurch, 1954) - and considers their diverse representations in theatre and film, paying particular attention to Jean Genet’s play The Maids (1947), Peter Jackson’s film Heavenly Creatures (1994) and Peter Falkenberg’s film Remake (2007), in which I played a part. What happens when two women (sisters, girl friends) commit violent acts together - not against a man, or a child, but against another woman, a mother or (as in the case of the Papin sisters) against women symbolically standing in place of the mother? How are these two cases - the Papin sisters and Parker-Hulme - presented in historical documents, reinterpreted in political, psychoanalytic and feminist theories, and represented in theatre and film? How might these works of theatre and film, in particular, be seen to explain - or exploit - these cases for an audience? How is the relationship between prurience - the peeping at women doing something bad - and the use of these cases to produce social commentary and/or art, better understood by looking at these objects of fascination ourselves? My thesis explores how these cases continue to interest and inspire artists and intellectuals, as well as the general public - both because they can be seen to violate fundamental social taboos against mother-murder and incest, and because of the challenge they pose for representation in theatre or film.
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Byrskog, Ulrika. "’Moving On’ and Transitional Bridges : Studies on migration, violence and wellbeing in encounters with Somali-born women and the maternity health care in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-259881.
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During the latest decade Somali-born women with experiences of long-lasting war followed by migration have increasingly encountered Swedish maternity care, where antenatal care midwives are assigned to ask questions about exposure to violence. The overall aim in this thesis was to gain deeper understanding of Somali-born women’s wellbeing and needs during the parallel transitions of migration to Sweden and childbearing, focusing on maternity healthcare encounters and violence. Data were obtained from medical records (paper I), qualitative interviews with Somali-born women (II, III) and Swedish antenatal care midwives (IV). Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used. Compared to pregnancies of Swedish-born women, Somali-born women’s pregnancies demonstrated later booking and less visits to antenatal care, more maternal morbidity but less psychiatric treatment, less medical pain relief during delivery and more emergency caesarean sections and small-for-gestational-age infants (I). Political violence with broken societal structures before migration contributed to up-rootedness, limited healthcare and absent state-based support to women subjected to violence, which reinforced reliance on social networks, own endurance and faith in Somalia (II). After migration, sources of wellbeing were a pragmatic “moving-on” approach including faith and motherhood, combined with social coherence. Lawful rights for women were appreciated but could concurrently risk creating power tensions in partner relationships. Generally, the Somali-born women associated the midwife more with providing medical care than with overall wellbeing or concerns about violence, but new societal resources were parallel incorporated with known resources (III). Midwives strived for woman-centered approaches beyond ethnicity and culture in care encounters, with language, social gaps and divergent views on violence as potential barriers in violence inquiry. Somali-born women’s strength and contentment were highlighted, and ongoing violence seldom encountered according to the midwives experiences (IV). Pragmatism including “moving on” combined with support from family and social networks, indicate capability to cope with violence and migration-related stress. However, this must be balanced against potential unspoken needs at individual level in care encounters.With trustful relationships, optimized interaction and networking with local Somali communities and across professions, the antenatal midwife can have a “bridging-function” in balancing between dual societies and contribute to healthy transitions in the new society.
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Du, Jie. "The politics of engendering the policy process : case studies of two campaigns in China - the anti domestic violence campaign and equal retirement age campaign." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/546/.
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The aim of my thesis is to investigate the politics of the civil society organizations in policy advocacy for gender equality in China. It adopts an agency-oriented approach to illustrate how women civil society organizations of various kinds actively negotiated gender interests in policy change within limited space and access. Through two advocacy activities, I seek to understand why the desired outcomes were different in these two cases by identifying the variables that either hindered or enhanced the realization of their goals. I focus on two policy issues, namely the equal retirement age in the development of the Civil Servant Law (2005) and domestic violence in the revision of the Marriage Law (2001) and the Women’s Law (2005). These two cases are of interest because the actors of the CSOs involved in advocating policy change met with different success in their efforts. In the case of domestic violence issues, the women’s organizations were able to bring about a change. In the case of the retirement age issue, however, the women’s federation was unable to bring about any desired change. The assumed variables include legitimacy, leadership, organizational forms, organizational learning and sources of funds. These conditioning factors are drawn from previous scholarship in civil society, public policy and social movements. I integrate these factors into a pentagon shaped framework that serves as a road map to guide my discussion throughout the thesis. The theoretical purpose of this study is to enrich understanding of the conditioning factors that are responsible for the results of CSO advocacy in China. On the other hand, it also contains a practical purpose, namely to provide implications for civil society actors seeking to influence policy process in China.
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Belvedere, Kimberly Joy. "Why do they resist? Exploring dynamics of police-citizen violence during arrest encounters." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2177.
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This study seeks to identify a relationship between Rational Choice/Classical thought and resisting arrest among criminal offenders. It seeks also to fill the gap that currently exists with regard to the effects of situational dynamics and police-citizen violence.
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Tsukayama, John K. "By any means necessary : an interpretive phenomenological analysis study of post 9/11 American abusive violence in Iraq." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4510.
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This study examines the phenomenon of abusive violence (AV) in the context of the American Post-9/11 Counter-terrorism and Counter-insurgency campaigns. Previous research into atrocities by states and their agents has largely come from examinations of totalitarian regimes with well-developed torture and assassination institutions. The mechanisms influencing willingness to do harm have been examined in experimental studies of obedience to authority and the influences of deindividuation, dehumanization, context and system. This study used Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to examine the lived experience of AV reported by fourteen American military and intelligence veterans. Participants were AV observers, objectors, or abusers. Subjects described why AV appeared sensible at the time, how methods of violence were selected, and what sense they made of their experiences after the fact. Accounts revealed the roles that frustration, fear, anger and mission pressure played to prompt acts of AV that ranged from the petty to heinous. Much of the AV was tied to a shift in mission view from macro strategic aims of CT and COIN to individual and small group survival. Routine hazing punishment soldiers received involving forced exercise and stress positions made similar acts inflicted on detainees unrecognizable as abusive. Overt and implied permissiveness from military superiors enabled AV extending to torture, and extra-judicial killings. Attempting to overcome feelings of vulnerability, powerlessness and rage, subjects enacted communal punishment through indiscriminate beatings and shooting. Participants committed AV to amuse themselves and humiliate their enemies; some killed detainees to force confessions from others, conceal misdeeds, and avoid routine paperwork. Participants realized that AV practices were unnecessary, counter-productive, and self-damaging. Several reduced or halted their AV as a result. The lived experience of AV left most respondents feeling guilt, shame, and inadequacy, whether they committed abuse or failed to stop it.
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Darboe, Foday. "A Critical Analysis of Presidential Term Limits in Africa: A Mixed-Methods Case Study of Causes of Political Violence in Burundi." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/108.
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The crisis in Burundi began when President Pierre Nkurunziza declared that he would pursue a third term despite a two-term limitation in Burundi’s Constitution. Opposition parties along, with some members of President Nkurunziza’s own National Council for Defence of Democracy, Forces for the Defence of Democracy (CNDD-FDD), argued that President Nkurunziza’s decision to extend his rule beyond the maximum two-terms was in direct violation of the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation agreement, also referred to as the Arusha agreement, signed in 2000. This action triggered opposition parties and civil society groups to organize peaceful protests to challenge President Nkurunziza’s third term bid. In response, government forces and Imbonerakure youth militia coordinated a campaign of repression and intimidation. The country of Burundi is characterized by political violence, targeted assassinations, and accusations of torture and rape by both government forces and armed opposition groups. The purpose of this study was to examine how the conflict surrounding presidential term limit manipulation affected the perception of peace and stability among people in Burundi. Understanding this phenomenon is extremely important because the recent hike in violence among Burundians has negatively affected the peace and stability of the nation. Through a mixed-method case study approach, the study’s main findings indicate the significant fracturing of citizen perceptions of peace and stability along identity lines, significant fear and insecurity among Burundians about the current crisis, as well as the continuing impact of the long-standing violence in the country’s past. Keywords: presidential term limits, conflict resolution, political violence, term limit manipulation, qualitative case study, and quantitative survey.
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Oliver-McFarlane, Cheryl. "What is causing teenage girls to act out violently? : a qualitative perspective." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32829.
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The phenomenon of female teenage violence within the last decade has been receiving rapid social interest and concern. The present study is concerned with exploring causes for teenage girl violence. Specifically, this qualitative study seeks to explore and describe teenage girl violence from the experiences and perspectives of girls aged 16 to 19 years of age whom have been in the past arrested and/or incarcerated for violent crimes. Data was collected using a semi-structured interviewing format. Five teenaged girls having current or past involvement with the Child Welfare system were interviewed. Despite the study's limitations, findings indicated several variations on similar common themes. These themes are discussed using three main categories of findings: (1) entrance into the legal system, (2) social aspects and (3) cultural presence. The need for describing and understanding why teenage girls act out violently in the ways they do was evident from the perspective of the girls themselves.
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Younes, Raquel Brandão Martins de Araujo. "A permanente vitimização de mulheres: compreensão psicodinâmica a partir de um estudo de caso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47133/tde-07012015-100111/.
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A violência contra as mulheres constitui um fenômeno social com dimensões múltiplas, que, apesar de ter ganhado visibilidade social há pouco, ocorre há muito tempo em todas as culturas, afetando a todas as idades e classes sociais, tendo tornado-se um problema também de saúde pública. A dominação de gênero impede que homens e mulheres pensem fora do esquema de dominação masculina, interpretando essa relação como natural. Existe um despreparo do profissional da saúde em lidar com as vítimas que recorrem ao seu serviço, que se deve possivelmente ao desconhecimento acerca de como proceder frente a esses casos e também se sabe que muitas vezes as intervenções são fracassadas por resistência das próprias mulheres. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se compreender a dificuldade das mulheres em situação de violência abandonarem as relações violentas em que se encontram por meio de um estudo de caso atendido com base no método psicanalítico. Como recurso teórico, lançamos mão da teoria da agressividade de Winnicott, que defende que os problemas de violência enfrentados pela sociedade devem-se à não integração da agressividade inata dos indivíduos. A partir da discussão clínico-teórica, objetivamos ainda, pensar nos impasses e dificuldades na atuação com mulheres que sofrem violência, como forma de contribuir com o preparo de profissionais da saúde que lidam com essas mulheres. Concluímos que a teoria de Winnicott sobre a agressividade contribui de forma substancial para a compreensão da permanente vitimização de mulheres ao revelar o lugar central que a agressividade ocupa na constituição dos seres humanos. Se esse elemento central não puder ser integrado como parte do indivíduo, ele trará graves problemas, sendo um deles, o assujeitamento constante à violência. Concluímos, ainda, que o profissional da saúde deve compreender essas mulheres como seres humanos com necessidades subjetivas e aguardar a oportunidade de elas alcançarem uma atitude construtiva para lhes mostrar a destrutividade e a agressividade humanas presentes nelas, oferencendolhes um novo modelo de vínculo. Essa é a única possibilidade que o ser humano tem de tolerar seus próprios aspectos destrutivos para WinnicottViolence against women is a social phenomenon with multiple dimensions. Although it has gained social visibility in a short time, it has happened for a long time in all cultures, affecting all ages and social classes and it has become a public health issue. Gender domination doesn\'t allow men and women to think out of the male domination scheme, interpreting this relationship as natural. Besides, health professionals lack the skill of dealing with the victims that search for this service, which is possibly related to the ignorance of how to go along with these cases. It is also known that in many cases interventions fail in due to the women`s own resistance. The objective of this piece of work was, through a case study based on psychoanalytic method, to understand the difficulty of women living in violent situations so as to abandon the violent relationships, in which they are found. As theoretical resource, we used Winnicott\'s theory about aggressiveness, which defends that the problems concerning violence faced by society are the consequence of the non-integration of the individuals innate aggressiveness. Based on the clinical and theoretical discussion, we still aim to think of the difficulties of the work with women who suffer violence, as a form of contribution to the preparation of health professionals who deal with these women. We concluded that Winnicott\'s theory about aggressiveness helps to understand the permanent victimization of these women as it reveals central spot that aggressiveness occupies on human being constitution. If this central element cannot be integrated as part of the individual, it will bring serious problems, as the frequent subjection to violence. We still concluded that the health professional should comprehend these women as human beings with subjective needs and should wait for the opportunity for them to achieve a constructive attitude to show them the human destructiveness and aggressiveness present in themselves, offering them a new model of relationship. This is only possibility for the human being to tolerate its own destructive aspects, according to Winnicott
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Zamora, Nadine Valerie Perez. "The impact of stressful life events and exposure to community violence on delinquency in Hispanic pre-adolescents." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2422.
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The purpose of the current study was to examine delinquent pre-adolecents. It was hypothesized that both predictor variable [exposure to community violence (number of events; preception of events) and stressful life events (number of events)] would impact delinquent behavior (violent thoughts, violent behaviors, and promiscuity).
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Taschler, Brigitte <1976>. "The representation of violence in five dystopian film narratives : myth, catharsis and adaptation in '28 Days Later', '28 Weeks Later', 'Children of Men', 'The Road' and 'V for Vendetta' : five case studies." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1154.
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La mia tesi si occupa della rappresentazione della violenza in cinque racconti filmici distopici: 28 Days Later (2002), 28 Weeks Later (2007), Children of Men (2006), The Road (2009) e V for Vendetta (2006). La prima parte del lavoro riguarda l’adattamento, cioè le trasformazioni della violenza nel passaggio da un medium a un altro con particolare attenzione ai sistemi semiotici del romanzo, del fumetto e del film. La parte teorica viene illustrata attraverso l’analisi comparata di scene emblematiche prese dalle opere in questione. La seconda parte del lavoro è incentrata sui film come opere autonome. La mia tesi sostiene che la violenza, che è un aspetto fondamentale di questi film, può avere un effetto catartico. La catarsi richiede comunque la presenza di elementi mitologici che riflettono paure umane profondamente radicate. Essa può essere tragica o melodrammatica a seconda della complessità della trama e dei personaggi.This thesis deals with the representation of violence in five dystopian film narratives: 28 Days Later (2002), 28 Weeks Later (2007), Children of Men (2006), The Road (2009) and V for Vendetta (2006). The first part of the study addresses the adaptation process analysing the transformations fictional violence undergoes when transferred from one medium to another. The focus lies on the semiotic systems of the novel, the graphic novel and the film. The theoretical aspects are illustrated by the close comparative analysis of emblematic scenes taken from the works in question. The second part of this study focuses on the films as autonomous works. My thesis sustains that violence, which is central to these films, can have a cathartic effect on the viewer. However, catharsis requires the presence of underlying mythical elements which reflect deeply rooted human anxieties. The quality of the catharsis can be tragic or melodramatic, depending on the complexity of plot and characters.
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Nilsson, R. Anders. "Dangerous liaisons : why ex-combatants return to violence : cases from the Republic of Congo and Sierra Leone /." Uppsala : Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9414.
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Warnke, Jeffery H. "(Re)Presentation and (Re)Production of Ideology: The Case of Grand Theft Auto IV, a Framework for the Analysis of Culture and Violence, and the Role of Critical Media Literacy in an Education for Democratic Citizenship." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1333736556.
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Suros, Carlota. "Constructing sexual danger in the Spanish media: A mixed-method analysis of a high-profile, non-intimate femicide case in El País." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-46211.
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From January 2016 until August 2021, at least 436 women or girls have been deliberately murdered in Spain by men. Non-intimate femicide (and, particularly, murder committed by complete strangers to the victim, to which this study refers as “stranger femicide”) has historically been, and still is, the most covered type of femicide in the media. This is also the case in the Spanish press, and more specifically, El País, the most read media outlet in the country. This thesis examines how El País framed Diana Quer’s case, the most high-profile, intensively covered femicide case in Spain in the past 5 years. It will also examine which ethical problems the reporting presented. From a feminist perspective and through a mixed-method approach of content analysis and frame analysis, this study examines 86 articles corresponding to the two informative peaks of Diana Quer’s case coverage. The periods go from August to October 2016, the first two months of her disappearance, and from December 2017 to January 2018, the 15 days following her killer’s arrest and crime confession. The findings reveal that the coverage in El País constructed a victimization iconography with DQ’s case that engendered cautionary tales and failed to address femicide as a social issue. The reporting also presented a series of critical ethical problems calling for a reformation of femicide reporting guidelines.
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Lambrechts, Derica. "The impact of organised crime on social control by the state : a study of Manenberg in Cape Town, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80057.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study set out to research the influence of a local non-state actor on the role and authority of the state, in the domestic environment. Accordingly, the research problem focused on the impact of a domestic actor on the association between the state and the society. This study only focused on the state at the level of local government and the impact of one specific actor, organised criminal groups, on social control by the state. Thus, state-society relations were discussed in this context. In order to guide this study, the main and two supportive research questions were stated as follows: What is the impact of organised crime on the social control by the state? What are the power dynamics between local governance, criminal agents and society? Has the state become criminalised at the level of local government, as a result of the activities of organised crime, and if so, to what extent? The state thus functioned as the dependent variable and organised criminal groups as the independent variable. The theoretical foundation of this study was located in state-society relations, and specific reference was given to the work of Migdal (1988) and his analysis of state social control, pyramidal and weblike societies. Furthermore, a neo-pluralist view of the state was followed. A conceptualisation of the criminalisation of the state was provided, as the criminalisation of the state was regarded as one possible impact of organised crime on the state. In order to analyse the criminalisation of the state, a framework was constructed from four main avenues of empirical observation. In order to answer the research questions, a case study research design and a predominantly qualitative methodology was selected. As a case, the City of Cape Town was selected and Manenberg, located on the Cape Flats, as the site for the research. A case study research design created the opportunity to describe the context in detail and to connect the micro level of analysis to the macro level; thus, it provided insight on the research topic that enabled the researcher to expand/build theory. The field research process occurred over a period of three months using a triangulation of methods: Key informant interview, small group discussions and observation with three categories of respondents. These three categories included: Community members of Manenberg, organised criminal groups and agents of local government and local governance. In order to set the stage for the empirical analysis, a contextualisation of the dependent and independent variables were provided. It was stated that there is a lack of a universally agreed upon definition of organised crime, and as a result, a conceptualisation of organised crime was generated for this study. It was further argued that the majority of literature treats organised criminal groups and organised criminal gangs as two separate concepts, despite the fact that there are more similarities than differences. Thus, for the purpose of this study, a conclusion was reached that the difference is inconsequential. The development of organised crime in South Africa and an examination of the historical development of the gangs on the Cape Flats were described. With regards to the dependent variable, the context was provided for an analysis of local government in South Africa. The demographical and operational features of the municipal area of the City of Cape Town were explained, with specific reference to safety and security elements. The primary data collected was analysed according to the indicators of social control (compliance, participation and legitimacy), as identified by Migdal (1988). In addition, the framework to analyse the criminalisation of the state at the level of local government was applied on the case study. Based on the analysis, a different system, to what was described by Migdal (1988) in his narrative of a triangle of accommodation was found to be in operation in Manenberg on the Cape Flats. It was confirmed that there is the presence of a weakened state and accordingly, a weblike society, where social control is fragmented between local government and the criminal community. However, in this weblike society a system of local power dynamics exists between the criminal community, social community and local agents of governance, where dyadic collaboration occurs between all three the actors. However, despite the collaboration, the criminalisation of the state does not occur, but rather the statification of the organised criminal community, as it provides goods and service to the social community. The main findings can be summarised as: If a state lacks extensive social control and a rival authority has claimed a level of social control, this will not necessarily lead to the further weakening of the state, as a result of a system of power dynamics in place, where collaboration between the social community, the criminal community and local agents of governance occurs. This system is kept in place by: On-going efforts by the state to maintain (or regain) compliance, participation and legitimacy; corrupt agents of the state (specifically in the security sector); a level of operational ease that exists for the criminal community (and the interweaving of the criminal community in the social community) and a relatively strong society that acknowledges the benefits of criminal activities for the social community, but also recognises the authority and control of the state.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het ten doel om die uitwerking van 'n plaaslike nie-staatsrolspeler op die rol en gesag van die staat in die plaaslike omgewing te ondersoek. Vervolgens fokus die navorsingsvraag op die impak van 'n plaaslike rolspeler op die verhouding tussen die staat en die samelewing. Die studie fokus op die staat op plaaslike regeringsvlak en op die impak van een spesifieke rolspeler, georganiseerde misdaadgroepe. Staat-samelewing-verhoudinge is dus teen hierdie agtergrond bespreek. Om die studie te rig, is die hoof- en twee ondersteunende navorsingsvrae soos volg gestel: Wat is die impak van georganiseerde misdaad op die sosiale beheer van die staat? Wat is die magsdinamiek tussen die plaaslike regeringsvlak, kriminele agente en die samelewing? Is die staat gekriminaliseer op plaaslike regeringsvlak as gevolg van die resultate van georganiseerde misdaadbedrywighede en, indien wel, in hoe 'n mate? Die staat vorm dus die afhanklike veranderlike en georganiseerde misdaadgroepe die onafhanklike veranderlike. Die teoretiese begronding vir hierdie studie is gevind in staat-samelewing-verhoudinge en die werk van Migdal (1988), spesifiek sy analise van staat-sosiale beheer en piramiede- en webvormige samelewings, word genoem. Verder is 'n neo-pluralistiese beskouing van die staat ingeneem. 'n Konseptualisering van die kriminalisering van die staat word verskaf, aangesien dit voorsien is as een moontlike impak van georganiseerde misdaad op die staat. Ten einde die kriminalisering van die staat te ontleed, is 'n raamwerk opgebou uit vier hoofrigtings van empiriese observasie. 'n Gevallestudie is as navorsingsontwerp gebruik om die navorsingsvrae te beantwoord, met hoofsaaklik 'n kwalitatiewe metodologie. As 'n geval is die Stad Kaapstad gekies, met Manenberg op die Kaapse Vlakte as die terrein vir die navorsing. Die gevallestudie-navorsingsontwerp het die geleentheid geskep om die konteks in detail te beskryf en die mikrovlak-analise met die makrovlak-analise te verbind; derhalwe het dit insig verskaf wat die navorser in staat gestel het om teorie (uit) te bou. Die veldwerkproses het oor 'n tydperk van drie maande deur drie metodes plaasgevind: onderhoude met sleutelinformante, kleingroepbesprekings, en observasies met drie kategorieë respondente. Hierdie drie kategorieë is gemeenskapslede van Manenberg, georganiseerde misdaadgroepe, en agente van plaaslike regering en bestuur. Ten einde die empiriese navorsing op te stel, is 'n kontekstualisering van die afhanklike en onafhanklike veranderlikes verskaf. Dit is gestel dat daar 'n gebrek is aan 'n universeel-aanvaarde definisie van georganiseerde misdaad, en as gevolg hiervan is 'n konseptualisering vir hierdie studie gevorm. Daar is verder geargumenteer dat die meerderheid literatuur georganiseerde misdaadgroepe en georganiseerde misdaadbendes as twee aparte konsepte hanteer, ten spyte daarvan dat hierdie groeperinge veel meer ooreenstem as verskil. Vervolgens is die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat die verskil nie betekenisvol is nie. Die ontwikkeling van georganiseerde misdaad in Suid-Afrika en 'n ontleding van die historiese ontwikkeling van bendes op die Kaapse Vlakte is beskryf. Rakende die afhanklike veranderlike, is die konteks verskaf vir 'n analise van plaaslike regering in Suid-Afrika. Die demografiese en operasionele kenmerke van die munisipale area van die Stad Kaapstad is uiteengesit, met spesifieke verwysing na veiligheid- en sekuriteitselemente. Die primêre ingesamelde data is ontleed aan die hand van die indikatore van sosiale beheer (nakoming, deelname en legitimiteit) soos deur Migdal (1988) gedefinieer. Verder is die raamwerk om die kriminalisering van die staat op plaaslike regeringsvlak te ontleed, op die gevallestudie toegepas. Op grond van die analise is daar bevind dat 'n ander stelsel as wat Migdal (1988) in sy narratief van ‟n driehoek van akkommodasie beskryf het, in Manenberg op die Kaapse Vlakte voorkom. Dit is bevestig dat daar 'n verswakte staat voorkom en, vervolgens, 'n webvormige samelewing, waar sosiale beheer gefragmenteer is tussen die plaaslike regering en die kriminele gemeenskap. In hierdie webvormige samelewing bestaan egter 'n stelsel van plaaslike magsdinamiek tussen die kriminele gemeenskap, die sosiale gemeenskap en plaaslike regeringsagente, waar diadiese medewerking tussen al drie die akteurs voorkom. Ten spyte van hierdie samewerking, kom die kriminalisering van die staat egter nie voor nie, maar eerder 'n verstaatliking van die georganiseerde misdaadgemeenskap, aangesien dit goedere en dienste aan die sosiale gemeenskap verskaf. Die hoofbevindinge kan soos volg saamgevat word: As 'n staat nie uitgebreide sosiale beheer het nie en 'n mededingende gesag het 'n vlak van sosiale beheer opgeëis, sal dit nie noodwendig lei tot die verdere verswakking van die staat nie, as gevolg van 'n stelsel van magsdinamiek wat in plek is waar medewerking tussen die sosiale gemeenskap, die kriminele gemeenskap en plaaslike agente van bestuur voorkom. Hierdie stelsel word in plek gehou deur aaneenlopende pogings deur die staat om nakoming, deelname en legitimiteit te verkry (of terug te kry), korrupte staatsagente (spesifiek in die sekuriteitsektor), 'n vlak van operasionele gemak wat vir die kriminele gemeenskap bestaan (en die vervlegting van kriminele gemeenskap en die sosiale gemeenskap), en 'n relatiewe sterk samelewing wat die voordele van kriminele aktiwiteit vir die sosiale gemeenskap erken, maar so ook die gesag en beheer van die staat.
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Twala, Thembi Maria Carol. "Casework intervention for abused women in the Moses Kotane Local Municipality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49875.
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Thesis (MSocialWork)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research investigates casework intervention for abused women in Moses Kotane Local Municipality. The purpose of this research is to present a theoretical and practical framework from a casework perspective for dealing with abused women. The motivation for the study was based on the need of social workers to have a framework when applying casework during intervention with abused women. The framework will offer guidance and will ensure that the service rendered to abused women is of a good quality. The objectives of this study is to investigate the nature and extent of the abuse of women in Moses Kotane Local Municipality, to explain the causes and consequences of abuse, and to describe casework intervention strategies to address abuse of women. The research covers the nature and prevalence of abuse of women as well as the causes of abuse. The consequences of abuse of women are also outlined in the research report. A practice perspective, a theory and a model which can be applied during intervention with abused women, is also included in the report. A practical framework is also included with the help of literature reviewed. The empirical research involved both qualitative and quantitative methods. This section presents findings in the form of tables and figures and gives an analysis of the findings. The findings were analyzed and compared with the findings from previous studies undertaken by various authors. The findings can be used as a guideline by social workers when applying casework during intervention with abused women. Recommendations are also included in the report.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Met hierdie navorsing is ondersoek ingestel na gevallewerk-intervensie met mishandelde vroue in die Moses Kotane Plaaslike Munisipaliteit. Die doel van die navorsing was om 'n teoretiese en praktiese raamwerk vanuit 'n gevallewerk-perspektief vir intervensie met mishandelde vroue aan te bied. Die motivering vir die studie was gebaseer op maatskaplike werkers se behoefte aan 'n raamwerk wanneer gevallewerk gedurende intervensie met mishandelde vroue toegepas word. Met dié raamwerk word beoog om riglyne aan te bied wat sal verseker dat die dienste wat aan die mishandelde vroue gelewer word van 'n goeie kwaliteit is. Die doelwitte van die studie is om die aard en omvang van die mishandeling van vroue in die Moses Kotane Plaaslike Munisipaliteit te ondersoek, om die oorsake en gevolge van mishandeling te verduidelik, en om gevallewerk-intervensie strategieë om mishandeling van vroue te hanteer te beskryf. Die navorsing handel oor die aard en voorkoms van die mishandeling van vroue, asook die oorsake van mishandeling. Die gevolge van mishandeling van vroue word ook in die navorsingsverslag aangebied. 'n Praktykperspektief, 'n teorie en 'n model wat gebruik kan word vir intervensie met mishandelde vroue word in die verslag aangebied. 'n Praktiese raamwerk wat gebaseer is op die literatuur wat bestudeer is word aangebied. Die empiriese navorsing het behels dat beide kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe metodes benut is. In hierdie afdeling word bevindinge in die vorm van tabelle en figure aangebied en 'n ontleding van die bevindinge word gemaak. Die bevindinge van die studie is ontleed en vergelyk met die bevindinge van vorige studies wat deur verskeie outeurs onderneem is. Die bevindinge kan deur maatskaplike werkers benut word as riglyne wanneer gevallewerk met mishandelde vroue gedoen word. Aanbevelings word ook in die verslag ingesluit.
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Lane, Michelle I. ""Why do hurt people hurt people?" A SERIES OF CASE STUDIES EXPLORING ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIPS IN DRAMATIC TEXTS AND ONSTAGE WITH TONI KOCHENSPARGER'S MILKWHITE." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1492704228702652.
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Talina, António Miguel Cotrim. "Internamento compulsivo em psiquiatria. estudo comparativo de doentes com internamento compulsivo versus voluntário na Grande Lisboa." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5545.
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RESUMO
O internamento compulsivo em psiquiatria é uma intervenção de última linha
nos indivíduos que manifestam perturbações mentais graves e recusam tratamento,
fundamentada nos princípios de necessidade terapêutica e de protecção social.
Em Portugal, a última lei que regulamenta o internamento compulsivo vigora
desde 1999 (Lei 36/98 de 24 de Julho) e configura esta medida como um internamento
por decisão judicial, à semelhança de outros países europeus.
A presente investigação, de características exploratórias, pretendeu avaliar os
doentes internados involuntariamente do ponto de vista socio-demográfico e clínico e
estudar as diferenças entre estes doentes e os doentes internados voluntariamente na
região da Grande Lisboa. Para atingir estes objectivos foi delineado um estudo
observacional, transversal e comparativo. A partir de uma amostra de conveniência de
doentes internados compulsivamente procedeu-se ao emparelhamento dos doentes com
psicoses “funcionais”, segundo as variáveis sexo, idade, diagnóstico e duração da
doença, com igual número de doentes internados voluntariamente. Como instrumentos
de avaliação foram aplicados uma entrevista semi-estruturada para as variáveis sociodemográficas
e clínicas, o Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale 4.0 para a psicopatologia e
duas sub-escalas do Historical, Clinical, Risk Management-20 para o risco de violência.
No período do estudo (1 de Março a 30 de Junho de 2002) foram internados
compulsivamente 74 indivíduos, metade dos quais foram conduzidos aos serviços de
urgência com mandado da Autoridade de Saúde. O internamento de urgência foi o
procedimento inicial em cerca de noventa por cento dos casos. A maioria dos doentes
pertenciam ao sexo masculino (60%) e apresentavam quadros psicóticos “funcionais”
(82%). Na amostra emparelhada de 102 doentes não se observaram variáveis
sociodemográficas ou clínicas significativamente diferentes em relação aos doentes
internados voluntariamente, com excepção dos antecedentes e risco de violência.
Os resultados sugerem que a proposta de internamento compulsivo neste grupo
de doentes seguiu um modelo de decisão baseado na prevenção de perigo.
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Bräuer, Marion Stephanie [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Heberer. "Advocating for better legal protection against domestic violence in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), 1995–2012 : a case study of the Center for Women’s Law Studies and Legal Services at Peking University / Marion Stephanie Bräuer ; Betreuer: Thomas Heberer." Duisburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191693899/34.
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Gomez, Gabriela Patricia. "The relationship between the level of alcohol consumption and the incidence of spousal abuse in Euro-American and Hispanic male populations." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1168.
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Sambou, Christian. "Les conflits armés ouest-africains : Sénégal, Mali et Côte-d'Ivoire. Lecture des guerres pour la reconnaissance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASU013.
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Le travail que nous présentons porte sur « les conflits armés ouest-africains : Sénégal, Mali, Côte-d'Ivoire ». Nous contribuons à analyser ces conflits sous une perspective nouvelle des « guerres pour la reconnaissance ».Notre travail de recherche apporte deux innovations majeures dans le champ d'étude des conflits armés internes. A travers des études de cas, nous explorons plusieurs problèmes. Celui d'abord de la manifestation de ces conflits. Nous avons ainsi consacré un intérêt particulier à distinguer des formes de violences politiques - violences sécessionnistes, violences opportunistes- qui caractérisent les conflits dont l'interprétation est demeurée homogénéisant. Une telle démarche a permis de démontrer la diversité motivationnelle dans l'engagement violent des mouvements rebelles contre les gouvernements centraux. Nous analysons les violences sécessionnistes en Casamance (Sénégal) et dans l'Azawad (Mali), que nous distinguons des violences rebelles pour la conquête du pouvoir central en Côte-d'Ivoire, conceptualisées comme des "violences opportunistes".Ensuite, nous proposons une lecture nouvelle et critique de ces conflits en défendant la thèse que les mouvements rebelles s'engagent en guerre pour la reconnaissance d'une égale dignité au sein de l'État-nation. Cet engagement est fait au nom de groupes sociaux auxquels ils s'identifient et qui évoluent dans des territoires dont ils revendiquent l'indépendance et/ou l'autonomie. La thèse des guerres pour la reconnaissance est valable pour les cas des conflits armés au Sénégal et au Mali.Nous interprétons les conflits armés qui opposent des mouvements rebelles au gouvernement central, comme des effets de violences symboliques. Les frustrations, les dénis d'autonomie, l'indifférence, les dénis de droits civiques constituent des sources de conflictualités. Les comportements violents des mouvements rebelles sont analysés comme caractéristiques d'une guerre pour la reconnaissance. Notre lecture des conflits ouvre un regard critique par rapport à une grille classique dominée par des paradigmes économicistes et rationalistesThe thesis we propose focuses on "West African armed conflicts: Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast". We contribute to analyze these conflicts toward a new perspective of "wars for recognition".Our research brings two major innovations to the field of internal armed conflicts study. Through case studies, we explore several problems, first the manifestation of these conflicts. We have thus devoted particular interest to distinguish forms of political violence - secessionist violence, opportunistic violence - that characterize conflicts whose interpretation has remained homogenous. Such an approach has allowed us to demonstrate the diversity of rebel movements violence's motivations against central governments. We analyze secessionist violence in Casamance (Senegal) and Azawad (Mali), which we distinguish from rebel violence for the conquest of central power in Côte d'Ivoire, conceptualized as "opportunistic violence”.Second, we propose a new and critical reading of these conflicts by arguing that rebel movements engage in war for the recognition of equal dignity within the state. This commitment is made in the name of social groups with which they identify and which evolve in territories whose independence and/or autonomy they claim. The thesis of wars for recognition is applicable to the cases of armed conflict in Senegal and Mali.We consider the armed conflicts that oppose rebel movements to the central government as effects of symbolic violence. Frustration, denial of autonomy, lack of empathy, denial of civil rights are sources of conflict. The violent behavior of rebel movements is analyzed as characteristic of a war for recognition. Our reading of the conflicts opens a critical view regarding a classical framework dominated by economist and rationalist paradigms
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Dogimab, Mirriam Adang. "An examination of culture as a protective mechanism against gender based violence: a case study in Mt Bosavi, Papua New Guinea : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy (Development Studies), Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1064.
Full textAbstract:
Development literature has not accorded sufficient attention to culture as a positive aspect of development until recently. Hence, in terms of using culture as a protective mechanism against gender-based violence, not much has been investigated or reported, since most studies on gender-based violence have focused more on cultural influences as the cause or effect of violence against women. However, in the case of Papua New Guinea (PNG) culture has always been the focus in regards to genderbased violence, portrayed as the cause of violence against women. Occasionally sources state there are traditional customs or beliefs that protect women from violence, but further explanation is not provided. Hence, this research investigated the question, “How can culture address gender-based violence in contemporary, rural Papua New Guinea?” This study offers an opportunity to view PNG culture as a solution to a problem, instead of as merely a problem to be solved. To investigate how culture can be used positively as a strategy to address genderbased violence, a case study was conducted among the Sulamesi people of Mt Bosavi in the Southern highlands province of PNG. This research was conducted in a rural area because in general Papua New Guineans perceive people living in the villages as the ones living a traditional lifestyle, where established cultural norms and behaviours prevail. Using a qualitative research approach, the research investigated whether there were any traditional protective mechanisms in PNG used to address gender-based violence. This thesis concludes that through the identification of culture-driven protective mechanisms, it can be demonstrated that culture can be used as a strategy to address gender based violence. However, caution must be applied, since not all the protective mechanisms identified are desirable or constructive.
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Maldonado, Leslie. "The study of self-efficacy in Latin female immigrants attending a support group at a community based agency." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2313.
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The focus of this study is the effectiveness in increasing self-efficacy and self-esteem level, parenting skills, awareness about domestic violence issues, and the overall effects of these on the quality of life of at-risk Hispanic female immigrants attending a support group at a community agency.
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Amaechi, Kingsley Ekene. "Violence and political opportunities : a social movement study of the use of violence in the Nigerian Boko Haram." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25758.
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This study investigates the use of violence by Salafi-Oriented Movement Organisations. Drawing
mostly from Social Movement Theory’s “political opportunity” and “resource mobilisation”
thesis, it uses the Northern Nigerian-born Boko Haram (BH) to study how such organisation
evolved and used different forms of violent activisms for goal attainment. On that basis, three main
research questions were formulated: (1) What socio-political structures enabled the evolution of
the organisation in Northern Nigeria? (2) Under what conditions did BH begin to use armed
violence against the Nigerian State? (3) What specific forms of armed violence did BH use and
how were such forms of strategy sustained within the organisation? In answering these questions,
the study relied on data collected through one-on-one semi-structured interviews from religious
leaders in Northern Nigeria (particularly those within the Salafi networks); selected politicians in
the areas where the group operates; some Nigerian security personnel, and on focus group
interviews from victims of BH violence. In addition, the study also drew from other documentary
sources (videos and audio recordings from different leaders in the group), and from internal
correspondence between BH leaders and those of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb. Along the
primary data, these documentary sources showed a striking historical continuity about the
emergence and activities of BH from inception, up until they began using violence as a means for
goal attainment. The data showed that while the emergence of the group was dependent on specific
Northern Nigerian socio-political and mobilisatory structures, the adoption and sustenance of
different forms of violence in the group were re-enforced by the interactions between the group’s
leadership and the Borno state government; the violent response of the Nigerian government to the
group's initial anti-state rhetoric; the mobilisation of different material resources (accruing from
the organisation’s interactions and collaborations with similar international Salafi networks) and
the internal dynamics in the group (competition between the different factions in the organisation).
These inter-related conditions provided the windows of opportunity upon which both the
establishment of the group, as well as the internal logic for the development and justification of
different forms of violence were sustained within the organisation.Religious Studies and Arabic
D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)
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Connon, Aileen F. "Living on the city margins : homelessness, violence and stratagems of survival in an Australian metropolis." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/110532.
Full textAbstract:
Based on fieldwork in a Community Day Centre from January to August 1997, this study looks at the lives of twentieth century urban nomads in an Australian city. Focusing on homelessness and violence ; it characterizes the lifestyle ; behaviour patterns ; and, survival tactics and strategems of those studied. Draws on Bourdieu's concept of capital to explore the nomad economy in the city, and Weber's conceptualisation of ideal types to study the structure of the Community Day Centre. Analyses the Centre's dilemma of its philosophy of empowering its clients, while at the same time maintaining control.Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Anthropology, 1999