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Journal articles on the topic 'Vincent Gulf'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Cann, John H., Antonio P. Belperio, Victor A. Gostin, and Colin V. Murray-Wallace. "Sea-Level History, 45,000 to 30,000 yr B.P., Inferred from Benthic Foraminifera, Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." Quaternary Research 29, no. 2 (March 1988): 153–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(88)90058-0.

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Surficial sediments of Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia, are predominantly bioclastic, cool-temperate carbonates. Benthic foraminifera are abundant and distribution of species is closely related to water depth. For example, Massilina milletti is most common at depths ca. 40 m, while Discorbis dimidiatus is characteristics of shallow, subtidal environments. Elphidium crispum, a shallow-water species, and E. macelliforme, favoring deeper water, provide a useful numerical ratio. Their logarithmic relative abundance, in the sediment size fraction 0.50–0.25 mm, correlates strongly with water depth. Vibrocores SV 4 and SV 5 recovered undisturbed sections of Quaternary strata from the deepest part (ca. 40 m) of Gulf St. Vincent. Amino acid racemization and radiocarbon age determinations show that late Pleistocene sections of the cores were deposited over the time ca. 45,000 to 30,000 yr B.P. Species of fossil foraminifera, recovered from these sections, are mostly extant in modern Gulf St. Vincent, thus allowing paleoecological inferences of late Pleistocene sea levels. These inferred sea-level maxima can be correlated with those determined from study of Huon Peninsula coral reef terraces. Initial estimates of tectonically corrected sea levels for transgressions in Gulf St. Vincent at 40,000 and 31,000 yr B.P. are −22.5 m and −22 m, respectively. The intervening regression lowered sea level to −28 m.

2

Close, D. H., and N. Mccrie. "Seasonal Fluctuation of Waders in Gulf St Vincent, 1976–85." Emu - Austral Ornithology 86, no. 3 (September 1986): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu9860145.

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3

Leterme, Sophie C., Jan-Georg Jendyk, Amanda V. Ellis, Melissa H. Brown, and Tim Kildea. "Annual phytoplankton dynamics in the Gulf Saint Vincent, South Australia, in 2011." Oceanologia 56, no. 4 (2014): 757–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5697/oc.56-4.757.

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4

Maher, W. A. "Trace metal concentrations in marine organisms from St. Vincent Gulf, South Australia." Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 29, no. 1 (May 1986): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00149330.

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5

Haley, Heather M. "Military Aviation in the Gulf South: A Photographic History by Vincent Caire." Alabama Review 71, no. 2 (2018): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ala.2018.0013.

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6

Kämpf, Jochen, Craig Brokensha, and Toby Bolton. "Hindcasts of the fate of desalination brine in large inverse estuaries: Spencer Gulf and Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." Desalination and Water Treatment 2, no. 1-3 (February 2009): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2009.264.

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7

Pazandeh Masouleh, Zahra, David John Walker, and John McCauley Crowther. "Sea breeze characteristics on two sides of a shallow gulf: study of the Gulf St Vincent in South Australia." Meteorological Applications 23, no. 2 (March 3, 2016): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/met.1547.

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8

de Silva Samarasinghe, J. R., L. Bode, and L. B. Mason. "Modelled response of Gulf St Vincent (South Australia) to evaporation, heating and winds." Continental Shelf Research 23, no. 14-15 (September 2003): 1285–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-4343(03)00129-8.

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9

Triantafillos, Lianos, Stephen Donnellan, and Alan J. Butler. "Population genetic structure of the muricid gastropodLepsiella vinosain Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." Molluscan Research 19, no. 2 (January 1998): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13235818.1998.10673716.

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10

Butler, A. J. "Recruitment of sessile invertebrates at five sites in Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 97, no. 1 (June 1986): 13–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(86)90065-1.

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11

Kangas, M. I., and W. B. Jackson. "Sampling juvenile Penaeus latisulcatus Kishinouye with a water-jet net compared with a beam-trawl: spatial and temporal variation and nursery areas in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 49, no. 6 (1998): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98038.

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This study demonstrates that the water-jet net is more effective than a beam trawl in capturing juvenile Penaeus latisulcatus. In contrast with the beam trawl, which is maximally effective only at night when prawns are active, the jet net captures high numbers of prawns in daylight. This, combined with its ability to minimize catchability effects, makes the jet net very suitable for sampling juvenile P. latisulcatus. For sampling prawns of widely varying size, perpendicular trawls were more effective than parallel trawls because larger individuals are distributed in deeper waters. Nursery areas for P. latisulcatus are intertidal sand/mudflats and there is little daily variation of prawn abundance and distribution within one site. Large differences in abundance of juvenile prawns were observed throughout Gulf St Vincent with highest concentrations in the northern part of the gulf.

12

de Silva Samarasinghe, J. R. "Revisiting Upper Gulf St Vincent in South Australia: the Salt Balance and its Implications." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 46, no. 1 (January 1998): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1997.0249.

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13

Butler, A. J. "Effect of patchsize on communities of sessile invertebrates in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 153, no. 2 (November 1991): 255–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(91)90229-p.

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14

Tanner, Jason E. "The influence of prawn trawling on sessile benthic assemblages in Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-044.

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Most experimental studies on the effects of trawling on the benthos use remote sampling techniques and are conducted in recently trawled areas. Thus it is difficult to determine the effects of trawling on previously unfished areas, and the fates of individual animals cannot be followed. In this study, I follow the fates of individuals of several sessile taxa when exposed to experimental trawling in areas that have not been trawled for some 1520 years. Although there was a significant trawling by location effect for all multivariate analyses and most individual taxa, I found that trawling had an overall negative effect on the benthos. Epifauna at trawled sites decreased in abundance by 28% within 2 weeks of trawling and by another 8% in the following 23 months (compared with control sites). Seasonal seagrasses were also less likely to colonise trawled sites than untrawled sites. The persistence of most taxa declined significantly in trawled areas compared with untrawled areas. In contrast to this, the recruitment rates of several taxa into visible size classes increased after trawling, presumably because of a reduction in competition.

15

Filby, Nicole E., Mike Bossley, and Karen A. Stockin. "Behaviour of free-ranging short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 61, no. 4 (2013): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo12033.

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Common dolphins are subject to large-scale fishing activity and tourism operations in South Australia; however, there is a paucity of data on this species. Understanding the behaviour of a population can contribute greatly to our knowledge of a species and how to manage potential population-level threats. This paper describes the behaviour of short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in Australian waters for the first time. Data were collected from 109 independent dolphin groups during boat-based surveys conducted in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia, between September 2005 and May 2008. Activity budgets were used to assess behaviour of common dolphins in relation to diel patterns, season, water depth, sea surface temperature (SST), group size and composition. Foraging (33.9%) and resting (2.8%) were the most and least frequently observed behaviours, respectively. Travelling (33.0%), socialising (20.2%) and milling (10.1%) accounted for the remainder of the activity budget. Diurnal differences were detected, with foraging (59.5%) and socialising (31.8%) groups most frequently observed from 10.00 to 11.59 hours. Behaviour did not vary seasonally or with water depth, SST, group size or composition. Behaviour varied significantly between single- and multispecies aggregations. Foraging was more frequent in multispecies aggregations, as 78.4% of all foraging behaviour observed for common dolphins occurred in the presence of other species. Multispecies aggregations were most frequently observed with flesh-footed shearwaters (Puffinus carneipes), which were present during 29.4% of common dolphin encounters. Behaviour varied significantly during aggregations with shearwaters, as 62.2% of foraging groups occurred in the presence of shearwaters. Resting, milling or socialising was rarely observed in the presence of any other species, indicating that the primary mechanism for aggregations is likely prey-related.

16

Flöttmann, T., P. W. Haines, C. D. Cockshell, and W. V. Preiss. "Reassessment of the seismic stratigraphy of the Early Palaeozoic Stansbury Basin, Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 45, no. 4 (August 1998): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099808728411.

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17

Hwang, Charnsmorn, Chih-Hua Chang, Michael Burch, Milena Fernandes, and Tim Kildea. "Effects of Epiphytes and Depth on Seagrass Spectral Profiles: Case Study of Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15 (July 29, 2019): 2701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152701.

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Seagrasses are a crucial indicator species of coastal marine ecosystems that provide substratum, shelter, and food for epiphytic algae, invertebrates, and fishes. More accurate mapping of seagrasses is essential for their survival as a long-lasting natural resource. Before reflectance spectra could properly be used as remote sensing endmembers, factors that may obscure the detection of reflectance signals must be assessed. The objectives in this study are to determine the influence of (1) epiphytes, (2) water depth, and (3) seagrass genus on the detection of reflectance spectral signals. The results show that epiphytes significantly dampen bottom-type reflectance throughout most of the visible light spectrum, excluding 670–679 nm; the depth does influence reflectance, with the detection of deeper seagrasses being easier, and as the depth increases, only Heterozostera increase in the exact “red edge” wavelength at which there is a rapid change in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum. These findings helped improve the detection of seagrass endmembers during remote sensing, thereby helping protect the natural resource of seagrasses.

18

Cann, J. H., A. P. Belperio, V. A. Gostin, and R. L. Rice. "Contemporary benthic foraminifera in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia, and a refined Late Pleistocene sea‐level history." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 40, no. 2 (April 1993): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099308728074.

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19

Hwang, Charnsmorn, Chih-Hua Chang, Michael Burch, Milena Fernandes, and Tim Kildea. "Spectral Deconvolution for Dimension Reduction and Differentiation of Seagrasses: Case Study of Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (July 5, 2019): 3695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133695.

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Seagrasses are a vulnerable and declining coastal habitat, which provide shelter and substrate for aquatic microbiota, invertebrates, and fishes. More accurate mapping of seagrasses is imperative for their sustainability but is hindered by the lack of data on reflectance spectra representing the optical signatures of individual species. Objectives of this study are: (1) To determine distinct characteristics of spectral profiles for sand versus three temperate seagrasses (Posidonia, Amphibolis, and Heterozostera); (2) to evaluate the most efficient derivative analysis method of spectral reflectance profiles for determining benthic types; and to assess the influences of (3) site location and (4) the water column on spectral responses. Results show that 566:689 and 566:600 bandwidth ratios are useful in separating seagrasses from sand and from detritus and algae, respectively; first-derivative reflectance spectra generally is the most efficient method, especially with deconvolution analyses further helping to reveal and isolate 11 key wavelength dimensions; and differences between sites and water column composition, which can include suspended particulate matter, both have no effect on endmembers. These findings helped develop a spectral reflectance library that can be used as an endmember reference for remote sensing, thereby providing continued monitoring, assessment, and management of seagrasses.

20

Bryars, Simon R., and Mark Adams. "An allozyme study of the blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus (Crustacea : Portunidae), in Australia: stock delineation in southern Australia and evidence for a cryptic species in northern waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 1 (1999): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98075.

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Allozyme analysis was used to examine the species-level systematics and stock structure of the Australian blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus. Fifty-seven crabs from eight sites were screened in an overview study for allozyme variation at 35 loci. This overview study revealed the presence of two species, differing at a Nei D of 0.14 (2% fixed differences), in the Darwin region of northern Australia. One of these species corresponds to the common P. pelagicus found throughout Australia, whereas the other is most likely either an undescribed ‘cryptic’ species, or the east-Asian species P. trituberculatus. In total, 609 P. pelagicus from 11 sites covering three regions in South Australia and two regions in the Northern Territory were then genotyped at seven polymorphic loci and these data assessed, using goodness- of-fit and F-statistics, for the existence of subpopulations. Four discrete subpopulations could be discerned, namely West Coast, Spencer Gulf, and Gulf St Vincent in South Australia, and Darwin–Gove in the Northern Territory. No evidence of population substructuring among sites within each subpopulation was evident from the allozyme data. The results support the current recognition of the three South Australian regions as separate stocks, and suggest that a taxonomic revision of Indo-Pacific Portunus is warranted.

21

Filby, Nicole E., Mike Bossley, Ken J. Sanderson, Emmanuelle Martinez, and Karen A. Stockin. "Distribution and Population Demographics of Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in the Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." Aquatic Mammals 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1578/am.36.1.2010.33.

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22

Cann, John H., Colin V. Murray-Wallace, Naomi J. Riggs, and Antonio P. Belperio. "Successive foraminiferal faunas and inferred palaeoenvironments associated with the postglacial (Holocene) marine transgression, Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." Holocene 16, no. 2 (February 2006): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0959683606hl907rp.

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23

Fowler, A. J., L. McLeay, and D. A. Short. "Spatial variation in size and age structures and reproductive characteristics of the King George whiting (Percoidei : Sillaginidae) in South Australian waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 51, no. 1 (2000): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99032.

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Adult King George whiting were sampled at 12 localities representing a range of habitat types across South Australia. Sampling was undertaken between March and May for a minimum of 2 years between 1995 and 1998. Fish were aged by otolith interpretation, and reproductive maturity was determined by gonad analysis using macroscopic and histological techniques. In total, 6961 fish comprising 3678 females and 3283 males were considered from four localities in each of three geographic regions. In both Gulf St Vincent and Spencer Gulf, age structures became more complex from north to south, associated with a shift in size towards larger fish. In the simplest age structures, >90% of fish were from the 3-year age class, whereas the age range of the most complex was 3–17 years, with the 3–5 age classes most numerous. Males were more abundant in smaller size classes and females in the larger. Although some fish from each locality showed some gonad development, only at three localities did spawning occur. At these places, populations had the broadest age and size distributions and were in deep water that experienced medium to high wave energy. Since spawning grounds and nursery areas are up to several hundred kilometres apart, the processes of larval advection and adult movement are implicated as obligate processes of the life history.

24

Bryars, Simon R., and Jon N. Havenhand. "Temporal and spatial distribution and abundance of blue swimmer crab (Portunus pelagicus) larvae in a temperate gulf." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 8 (2004): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf04045.

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A plankton-sampling programme for blue swimmer crab (Portunus pelagicus) larvae was conducted in the temperate waters of Gulf St Vincent, South Australia, to investigate: (1) if larval hatching is seasonal; (2) if larvae are restricted to surface waters; (3) if larvae are hatched offshore; and (4) if larval development occurs offshore. The temporal and spatial distribution and abundance of larvae indicated that hatching and zoeal development occur mainly in deeper offshore waters during the warmer months of November to March, and that zoeal development occurs in a range of depths from the neuston to at least 14 m. Although peaks in abundance usually occurred in the upper 3 m, zoeae were distributed throughout the water column, with the majority occurring in sub-surface waters below 1 m depth. There was no evidence for a daylight ontogenetic or tidal vertical migration in the four zoeal stages. Limited sampling revealed no evidence for a diurnal vertical migration in stage-1 zoea. Although the seasonal and inshore-offshore patterns of hatching observed in the study were typical for a portunid species, the broad vertical distribution differed from that observed for P. pelagicus in previous studies.

25

Cann, J. H., C. S. Lower, and J. B. Jago. "Provenance and sediment characteristics of contemporary gravel deposits at Sellicks Beach, eastern shore of Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 61, no. 6 (August 5, 2014): 819–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2014.941400.

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26

Murray-Wallace, C. V., A. P. Belperio, V. A. Gostin, and J. H. Cann. "Amino acid racemization and radiocarbon dating of interstadial marine strata (oxygen isotope stage 3), Gulf St. Vincent, South Australia." Marine Geology 110, no. 1-2 (February 1993): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(93)90107-7.

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27

Mathew, J. S., S. A. Ewing, R. J. Panciera, and J. P. Woods. "Experimental transmission of Hepatozoon americanum Vincent-Johnson et al., 1997 to dogs by the Gulf Coast tick, Amblyomma maculatum Koch." Veterinary Parasitology 80, no. 1 (December 1998): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4017(98)00189-7.

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28

Fowler, A. J., G. K. Jones, and R. McGarvey. "Characteristics and consequences of movement patterns of King George whiting (Perciformes : Sillaginodes punctata) in South Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 53, no. 7 (2002): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf02023.

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The characteristics of movement of the South Australian population of King George whiting (Sillaginodes punctata) were determined through analysis of tag and recapture records collected from three tagging periods: (i) 1968–1969; (ii) 1978–1985; and (iii) 1986–1987. The characteristics were compared between the northern and southern parts of two large fishery regions, and determined for fish tagged at different sizes and ages. Fish tagged in the northern Gulf St Vincent and Spencer Gulf moved southwards up to several hundred kilometres, but those tagged in the southern areas showed no systematic directional displacement. Most fish tagged were subadults or young, immature adults at 2–4 years of age. Small, young fish did not move far until a considerable period after tagging, whereas some fish >300 mm total length (TL) at tagging moved substantial distances within only a few weeks. Fish movement resulted in a significant ontogenetic habitat shift, from relatively protected shallow waters that support extensive meadows of seagrass, to southern, exposed, deeper waters and rocky reef. As a result of this systematic, directional displacement the age structures of the fishery catches also varied systematically throughout the two regions. In the northern areas these were simple and dominated by the 3+ age class, whereas in the south they were complex and consisted of the 2+ to 17+ age classes. Because the latter were the spawning populations, fish movement is an obligate step in the life history that ultimately results in supplementation of numbers on the spawning grounds. The consequences for fishery management are discussed.

29

Stevenson, Jonathon, and Andrew Melville. "Settlement and recruitment of the abalone Haliotis cyclobates Péron, 1816." Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 3 (1999): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98086.

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The settlement preference, distribution and juvenile recruitment distribution of Haliotis cyclobates were investigated in a seagrass meadow in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia, in 1993 and 1994. Samples of hard substratum and seagrass were collected from seagrass patches and open areas and examined for newly settled and 0+ recruits. Hard substrata consisted of small rocks, large bivalve shells and bottles. Twelve newly settled recruits (<3 mm) were found: 11 on seagrass and one on hard substratum. Settlement onto seagrass blades is the first field example of an abalone species settling naturally onto soft substratum. 0+ recruits (4–9 mm) were found from March to October, indicating a single spawning and settlement season. 0+ recruits were found on small isolated patches of hard substratum in open and seagrass areas, suggesting that post-settlement migration may have some influence on recruitment patterns. The results indicate that the early life history of Haliotis cyclobates is adapted for enhancing recruitment into seagrass areas. Settlement onto seagrass blades is different from that observed for other species of abalone, and clarification of the specific settlement cue may contribute to the understanding of abalone settlement behaviour.

30

Cann, J. H., M. F. Scardigno, and J. B. Jago. "Mangroves as an agent of rapid coastal change in a tidal-dominated environment, Gulf St Vincent, South Australia: implications for coastal management." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, no. 7 (October 2009): 927–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120090903005386.

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31

Lee, Aria L., Katherine A. Dafforn, Pat A. Hutchings, and Emma L. Johnston. "Reproductive strategy and gamete development of an invasive fanworm, Sabella spallanzanii (Polychaeta: Sabellidae), a field study in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." PLOS ONE 13, no. 7 (July 3, 2018): e0200027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200027.

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32

Butler, AJ. "Ecology of Pinna bicolor gmelin (Mollusca : Bivalvia) in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia: density, reproductive cycle, recruitment, growth and mortality at three sites." Marine and Freshwater Research 38, no. 6 (1987): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9870743.

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Random samples of P. bicolor were taken from one intertidal and two subtidal sites over 3 years and tagged individuals of P. bicolor were followed for up to 6 years at two other sites. P. bicolor is dioecious. Mature gonads were observed in early summer (November-January) with a peak in December each year. The pattern appeared to differ little between years or sites but the period of maximum gonad activity was shorter at the intertidal site. Growth was slower at the intertidal site and animals reached a smaller maximum size there than at the subtidal sites, which differed slightly. It is concluded that P. bicolor can reach reproductive size (15 cm shell length) in little more than a year but, at least subtidally, have a low mortality rate (less than 0.1 year-1) thereafter. Recruitment is variable and it is argued that at some sites superficially 'stable' densities of P. bicolor are maintained by occasional strong recruitments, which are 'stored' in the population because of low adult mortality. The implications of this for management and for the use of P. bicolor as a biological monitor are discussed.

33

Bryars, Simon R. "Can regional nutrient status be used to predict plant biomass, canopy structure and epiphyte biomass in the temperate seagrass Amphibolis antarctica?" Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 10 (2009): 1054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08194.

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The seagrass Amphibolis antarctica is an important component of coastal soft-sediment ecosystems across southern Australia. Large-scale losses of A. antarctica at several locations have been linked to anthropogenic nutrient inputs. The present study comprised a field survey to test whether the spatial patterns of plant biomass, canopy structure and epiphyte biomass in A. antarctica could be predicted based on expectations related to nutrient status across two regions within Gulf St Vincent, South Australia. Specific predictions were that: (1) plant biomass, plant density, plant height, leaf cluster frequency and leaf frequency are all lower in the east (higher nutrient) region than in the west region; and (2) epiphyte biomass and epiphyte load are higher in the east than in the west. Regional nutrient status was a poor predictor of most of the parameters measured, with the opposite trends to those predicted often occurring. Plant biomass, canopy structure and epiphyte biomass appear to be a result of several site-specific factors that are not fully understood at this time. The results of the present study have significant implications for making generalised predictions and for monitoring A. antarctica on urbanised coasts, and will also be useful for informing ecological studies on plant–epiphyte and plant–animal interactions in A. antarctica ecosystems.

34

Fowler, A. J., C. Huveneers, and M. T. Lloyd. "Insights into movement behaviour of snapper (Chrysophrys auratus, Sparidae) from a large acoustic array." Marine and Freshwater Research 68, no. 8 (2017): 1438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16121.

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Snapper is a significant fishery species in Australasia whose movement behaviour remains poorly understood. This was addressed in the present study at the within-region scale using acoustic telemetry in the Gulf St Vincent, South Australia. Over 3 years from May 2011, 54 snapper were monitored throughout ~160km2 using 41 acoustic receivers. The dispersion of >500000 detections varied in space and time, reflecting three types of space use, dependent on different types of movement behaviour. One station, near a large shipwreck, accounted for 67.8% of all detections, particularly during winter, when fish were sedentary and site attached. In spring, the fish dispersed throughout the study area to different habitats and, through summer, occupied different larger restricted areas than used in winter. Snapper were highly mobile and demonstrated systematic behaviour at several temporal scales. They moved linear distances of up to ~100km and could achieve tens of kilometres in a day in episodic movements. Through the year, their activity was distributed across areas of hundreds of square kilometres. The regional spatial management regimen was assessed against this enhanced understanding of movement behaviour. A new marine park sanctuary zone that encompassed the shipwreck was appropriately located, but possible benefits of a nearby spatial spawning closure area appear limited.

35

Kemper, C. M., I. Tomo, J. Bingham, S. S. Bastianello, J. Wang, S. E. Gibbs, L. Woolford, C. Dickason, and D. Kelly. "Morbillivirus-associated unusual mortality event in South Australian bottlenose dolphins is largest reported for the Southern Hemisphere." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 12 (December 2016): 160838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160838.

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Cases of morbillivirus have been recorded in the Southern Hemisphere but have not been linked to significant marine mammal mortality. Post-mortems were conducted on 58 carcasses (44 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins, two common bottlenose dolphins, 12 short-beaked common dolphins) from South Australia during 2005–2013, including an unusual mortality event (UME) in St Vincent Gulf Bioregion (SVG) during 2013. Diagnostic pathology, circumstance of death, body condition, age and stomach contents were documented for Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins. At least 50 dolphins died during the UME, 41 were Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins and most were young. The UME lasted about seven months and had two peaks, the first being the largest. Effect on the population is unknown. Diagnostic testing for morbillivirus was conducted on 57 carcasses, with evidence for infection in all species during 2011–2013. All tested UME bottlenose dolphins were positive for cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV), and the pathology included interstitial pneumonia, lymphoid depletion and syncytia. Concurrent pathologies, including lung parasite and fungal infections, and severe cutaneous bruising were observed in many dolphins. The event coincided with elevated water temperatures, a diatom bloom and significant fish die-offs. We conclude that the cause for the UME was multifactorial and that CeMV was a major contributor.

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Gorman, Daniel, and Cameron Dixon. "Reducing discards in a temperate prawn trawl fishery: a collaborative approach to bycatch research in South Australia." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 9 (October 13, 2015): 2609–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv147.

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Abstract We present the outcomes of a collaborative research programme tasked with reducing bycatch, and thus discards in a temperate Australian prawn trawl fishery. Sea trials in the Gulf of St Vincent, South Australia, assessed the performance of a modified trawlnet that incorporated a rigid polyethylene grid and a T90-mesh codend. Compared with conventional designs, the modified net yielded marked reductions in bycatch (cumulatively >81% by weight), with pronounced decreases in sponge (92%), elasmobranchs (80%), teleost fish (71%), molluscs (61%), and crustaceans (78%). Using commercial logbook data, we estimate that the use of modified nets could reduce discards by ∼240 tons per year. This outcome was achieved with moderate declines in the catch rate (kg h−1) of the target species, Western King Prawn (mean ∼15%), of which almost all were small adults of low commercial value. Adoption of the modified net by industry was realized in March 2012, because it met environmental objectives (i.e. reducing bycatch and improving public perceptions of sustainability), reduced prawn damage, demonstrated commensurate financial returns, and engaged stakeholders throughout the development process. Overall, the project provides a useful example of bycatch research with demonstrable outcomes of improving the ecological and economic sustainability of prawn harvests.

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Kookana, Rai S., Ali Shareef, Milena B. Fernandes, Sonja Hoare, Sam Gaylard, and Anu Kumar. "Bioconcentration of triclosan and methyl-triclosan in marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) under laboratory conditions and in metropolitan waters of Gulf St Vincent, South Australia." Marine Pollution Bulletin 74, no. 1 (September 2013): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.030.

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Harbison, Pat. "Diurnal variations in the chemical environment of a shallow tidal inlet, Gulf St Vincent, South Australia: Implications for water quality and trace metal migration." Marine Environmental Research 20, no. 3 (January 1986): 161–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(86)90046-2.

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Styan, C. A., and A. J. Butler. "Asynchronous patterns of reproduction for the sympatric scallops Chlamys bifrons and Chlamys asperrima (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) in South Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 54, no. 1 (2003): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf02019.

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Patterns of spawning activity were assessed by monitoring gonad states over 2.5 years for Chlamys asperrima and Chlamys bifrons at two sites in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia. Chlamys asperrima appeared to have a minor spawning in June, followed by a major spawning starting in late August. In contrast, the gonads of C. bifrons were regressed only during winter and it appeared that C. bifrons spawned for a long period, from late spring (September) until early autumn (March). At one site where sampling was frequent, there was evidence of three series of C. bifrons spawning events during the summer of 1994/95 and at least two series of events during 1995/96. Build-up and decrease in gonad weight was quick, but there was strong evidence of serial spawning for both species. Subsequently, we once observed C. asperrima spawning in situ at Edithburgh Jetty, at a time when gonad weights had been decreasing in previous years, but also long after the time when peak gonad weights had usually occurred. Only patches within the population were seen spawning, with scallops not spawning observed less than 100 m away from those that were. Indirect sampling of gonad condition also suggested that spawning in C. bifrons at Largs Bay was not always synchronous among patches of scallops within a population, nor always between sexes within patches.

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Murray-Wallace, Colin V., John H. Cann, Yusuke Yokoyama, William A. Nicholas, Terry J. Lachlan, Tsun-You Pan, Anthony Dosseto, Antonio P. Belperio, and Victor A. Gostin. "Late Pleistocene interstadial sea-levels (MIS 5a) in Gulf St Vincent, southern Australia, constrained by amino acid racemization dating of the benthic foraminifer Elphidium macelliforme." Quaternary Science Reviews 259 (May 2021): 106899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106899.

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Holford, Simon, Richard Hillis, Ian Duddy, Paul Green, Martyn Stoker, Adrian Tuitt, Guillaume Backé, David Tassone, and Justin MacDonald. "Cenozoic post-breakup compressional deformation and exhumation of the southern Australian margin." APPEA Journal 51, no. 1 (2011): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10044.

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We present results from a margin-wide analysis of the history of post-breakup Cenozoic compressional deformation and related exhumation along the passive southern margin of Australia, based on a regional synthesis of seismic, stratigraphic and thermochronological data. The Cenozoic sedimentary record of the southern margin contains regional unconformities of intra-Lutetian and late Miocene–Pliocene age, which coincide with reconfigurations of the boundaries of the Indo-Australian Plate. Seismic data show that post-breakup compressional deformation and sedimentary basin inversion—characterised by reactivation of syn-rift faults and folding of post-rift sediments—is pervasive from the Gulf St Vincent to Gippsland basins, and occurred almost continually since the early- to mid-Eocene. Inversion structures are absent from the Bight Basin, which we interpret to be the result of both the unsuitable orientation of faults for reactivation with respect to post-breakup stress fields, and the colder, stronger lithosphere that underlies that part of the margin. Compressional deformation along the southeastern margin has mainly been accommodated by reactivation of syn-rift faults, resulting in folds with varying ages and amplitudes in the post-rift Cenozoic succession. Many hydrocarbon fields in the Otway and Gippsland basins are located in these folds, the largest of which are often associated with substantial localised exhumation. Our results emphasise the importance of constraining the timing of Cenozoic compression and exhumation in defining hydrocarbon prospectivity of the southern margin.

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Xiao, Yongshun. "Use of generalized linear models in analyzing the catch and effort data on the western king prawn Penaeus latisulcatus Kishinouye in the Gulf St. Vincent, Australia." Fisheries Research 68, no. 1-3 (July 2004): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2004.02.013.

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Xiao, Y., and P. McShane. "Estimation of Instantaneous Rates of Fishing and Natural Mortalities from Mark–Recapture Data on the Western King PrawnPenaeus latisulcatusin the Gulf St. Vincent, Australia, by Conditional Likelihood." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 129, no. 4 (July 2000): 1005–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2000)129<1005:eoirof>2.3.co;2.

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Xiao, Y., and P. McShane. "Use of age- and time-dependent seasonal growth models in analysis of tag/recapture data on the western king prawn Penaeus latisulcatus in the Gulf St. Vincent, Australia." Fisheries Research 49, no. 1 (November 2000): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(00)00110-7.

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Raven, Meg. "Bridging the Gap: Understanding the Differing Research Expectations of First-Year Students and Professor." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 7, no. 3 (September 13, 2012): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8wg79.

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Objective: This study sought to better understand the research expectations of first-year students upon beginning university study, and how these expectations differed from those of their professors. Most academic librarians observe that the research expectations of these two groups differ considerably and being able to articulate where these differences are greatest may help us provided more focused instruction, and allow us to work more effectively with professors and student support services. Methods: 317 first-year undergraduate students and 75 professors at Mount Saint Vincent University in Halifax, NS were surveyed to determine what they each expected of first-year student research. Students were surveyed on the first day of term so as to best understand their research expectations as they transitioned from high school to university. Results: The gulf between student and professor research expectations was found to be considerable, especially in areas such as time required for reading and research, and the resources necessary to do research. While students rated their preparedness for university as high, they also had high expectations related to their ability to use non-academic sources. Not unexpectedly, the majority of professors believed that students are not prepared to do university-level research, they do not take enough responsibility for their own learning, they should use more academic research sources, and read twice as much as students believe they should. Conclusions: By better understanding differing research expectations, students can be guided very early in their studies about appropriate academic research practices, and librarians and professors can provide students with improved research instruction. Strategies for working with students, professors and the university community are discussed.

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Schrale, G., R. Boardman, and M. J. Blaskett. "Investigating Land Based Disposal of Bolivar Reclaimed Water, South Australia." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0022.

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The Bolivar Sewage Treatment Works (STW) processes the urban and industrial sewage from the northern and eastern suburbs of Adelaide. The treatment capacity is equivalent to the sewage production of 1.1 million people. The disposal of more than 40 000 ML of reclaimed water into the sea has caused a progressive degradation of about 950 ha of seagrass beds which threatens the sustainability of the fisheries and marine ecosystems of Gulf St. Vincent. The current practice will no longer be viable to achieve compliance with the SA Marine Environment Protection Act, 1990. A Inter-Departmental Working Party recommmended that the Bolivar reclaimed water be disposed by irrigation of suitable land on the coastal plains north of Adelaide. They proposed the construction of two pipelines: a 12 km long pipeline to extend the distribution of reclaimed water in the most intense portion of the 3 500 hectares of irrigated horticulture on the Northern Adelaide Plains, and a second, 18 km long pipeline to deliver the remainder to a more northerly site for irrigation of an estimated 4 000 hectares of hardwood plantations. The paper summarizes the findings as they relate to public health, environmental, technical and financial aspects of land based disposal. Land based disposal would completely eliminate the marine degradation and also arrest the over-use of the NAP underground water resources for horticulture. The total net costs over thirty years for land based disposal are about $ 21.8 million. The ‘horticultural' pipeline of the land based disposal scheme is expected to be commercially viable. A shortfall in revenue from the afforestation component is expected and may need to be considered as an environmental cost of ceasing marine disposal.

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Bashmachnikov, I., Â. Nascimento, F. Neves, and T. Menezes. "Distribution of intermediate water masses in the subtropical northeast Atlantic." Ocean Science Discussions 12, no. 3 (May 21, 2015): 769–822. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-769-2015.

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Abstract. This work presents the quantitative study of climatological distributions of mid-depth Source Water Types in the NE Atlantic by the Optimum Multiparameter analysis (OMP), merging a~number of regional results from particular synoptic sections. The cores of the Mediterranean Water (MW), the modified Antarctic Intermediate Water (mAAIW) and the Subarctic Intermediate Water (SAIW) are detected and spatial variations of their depth/density are obtained: as expected, spreading of the source water types is predominantly isopycnic and follows the major mid-depth circulation patterns. In some areas the turbulent transport should also be considered. The MW in the Atlantic spreads as 3 cores of different density: the upper MW core (northwest of the first transition line between 28° W, 35° N and 14° W, 44° N) is found in the neutral density range of 27.65–27.70 kg m−3 and depths of 900–1000 m; the main MW core (northwest of the second transition line between 35° W, 28° N and 10° W, 37° N) has neutral density around 27.75 kg m−3 and is found at 1000–1100 m; the lower MW core (southeast of the second transition) has neutral density around 27.80 kg m−3 and is found at 1250–1350 m. The upper MW core has comparatively low MW contents (below 30%) and is speculated to be transported by the mean flow from the northern Iberian Peninsula and the Bay of Biscay to the northern Azores. The main MW core contains the most of the MW. It primarily originates from the MUC between Cape St. Vincent and Estremadura Promontory, where the strongest local decrease of the topographic β-effect is detected and is transported west by a flow at around 39° N. The lower MW core originates in the Gulf of Cadiz and is translated southwestwards by dominating flows. The SAIW (the core between 27.70 and 27.75 kg m−3) is found to spread south along both slopes of the MAR. The SAIW east of the MAR mixes with the upper and the main MW cores and re-circulates in a cyclonic gyre at 15–25° W and 34–39° N as far south as the Azores Current. The northernmost spreading limit of the mAAIW (the core between 27.60 and 27.65 kg m−3) is at 25–29° N, but its influence reaches 32° N east and west of the Canary Islands. Its maximum concentration is found south of the Canaries, from where the mAAIW is transported westwards, parallel to the westward transport of the deep fraction of the MW.

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Kennelly, Steven J. "The Development and Introduction of By-catch Reducing Technologies in Three Australian Prawn-Trawl Fisheries." Marine Technology Society Journal 33, no. 2 (January 1, 1999): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.33.2.11.

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Three tasks are usually required to introduce new technologies that reduce by-catches in commercial fisheries: (i) identify and quantify the particular by-catch issue that requires the new devices; (ii) develop and test the devices; and (iii) implement the devices into industry by voluntary acceptance and/or legislation. To solve by-catch problems in prawn-trawl fisheries in three regions of Australia, different approaches have been followed with varying success, and their comparison identifies an ideal framework under which such problems can be resolved.In northern Australia’s prawn-trawl fisheries, the main by-catch issues involved turtles and the discard of a large diversity offish species. To quantify these issues, data were obtained from research vessels, industry logbooks and samples from fishers. Before and during this work, modified gears were developed and tested in a flume tank and in the field using research vessels and, to a lesser extent, commercial vessels. Next, a separate project was established to encourage acceptance of the new technologies by industry and involved workshops, newsletters and a library that lent out various by-catch reducing devices to fishers. Voluntary acceptance of the new gears is currently estimated to be 50‐80% in some ports and 0‐20% in others, and a three-phase plan for their legislation is due to occur between 1999 and 2002.In New South Wales, the main by-catch issue was the large number of undersize fish discarded by prawn trawlers as they caught prawns and other species of retained by-catch. Firstly, observer programmes on commercial vessels were used to identify and quantify size- and species-specific by-catches. Then, modifications to fishing gears that reduced the identified problematic by-catches were developed and tested on chartered commercial fishing vessels. Next, involving fishers in this work (and workshops, posters, videos, etc.) led to the voluntary acceptance of the new modifications by the majority of fishers (estimated to be 100% in some fisheries and 50‐100% in others). Finally, the new devices were made mandatory by legislation in several fisheries, with the others to follow within 12 months.In South Australia’s Gulf St. Vincent, the chief by-catch issue mainly came from the prawn-trawl industry itself and concerned the by-catch of small prawns and fish. The approach used was to begin gear-development research without any formal quantification phase. After preliminary trials by industry, only five days of formal tests of new devices were required to recommend a design that was optimal for industry’s (and management’s) requirements. Within two weeks of the completion of the field trials, 100 of the industry was using this new gear voluntarily and its legislation is planned to occur within the next few years to ensure continued compliance.The simple pattern that emerges from these examples is that the sooner industry is fully involved in all stages of the work (driving the issue, quantifying it, developing devices and implementing them), the sooner and more complete is the voluntary acceptance of by-catch reducing fishing technology, and the more painless is the implementation of the relevant legislation.

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Grevemeyer, Ingo, Norbert Kaul, and Achim Kopf. "Heat flow anomalies in the Gulf of Cadiz and off Cape San Vincente, Portugal." Marine and Petroleum Geology 26, no. 6 (June 2009): 795–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.08.006.

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Singh, Kelvin. "Oil Politics in Venezuela during the López Contreras Administration (1936–1941)." Journal of Latin American Studies 21, no. 1-2 (June 1989): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00014437.

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When the Venezuelan dictator, Juan Vincente Gómez, died on 17 December 1935, after ruling Venezuela with an iron fist for 27 years, an outburst of popular unrest and nationalistic fervour was unleashed against the foreign oil companies operating on Venezuelan soil. The dominant oil interests in Venezuela at the time were Royal Dutch Shell, the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey and the Gulf Oil Company. There were several smaller companies such as British Controlled Oilfields, a British state-owned company with a network of Venezuelan affiliates, and the Socony Vacuum Company, a New York-based company which was a significant latecomer. It was the first three aforementioned companies, however, that constituted the Big Three.1The oil companies were associated in the popular mind with the odious Gómez dictatorship and partly for this reason became the object of the people's wrath. Yet there were also practical economic and social reasons for the popular feeling against the companies. The latter paid low wages, provided miserable housing and social amenities for their workers and discriminated against Venezuelans in their employment practices.2For more than a year after the dictator's death Venezuela was in the throes of popular unrest.