Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ville européenne'
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Hamdi, Ghazi. "Les lieux de sociabilité dans la ville de Tunis à l'époque coloniale : ville européenne et cosmopolitisme 1881-1938." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30096.
Full textThis thesis speaks about the sociability in the town of Tunis in the colonial era.This town that lived a double urban life; Arabian and European at the same time. This phenomenon is the main point in this thesis, not only as concerns the place of life but also society values and cultural characteristics.The places of interest in our research are urban and public constituents that are formal and informal: roads, Cafés, Theatres....where we tested the degree of sociability. Each space is characterised by a pacific urban feature that takes many forms of occupations reflecting conflict of harmony, and multiple manners of police control.In the colonial society, we find different modes of integration that idealize the local society or refuse it aiming at sitting the project of a future society considered better for members. We deduce a conflict between three communities: a first one that is the French nation that tries to keep an upper hand on Tunisia, a second one which consists of the Italians who dream of building their ancient Roman Empire, a third one that includes Tunisians who want to regain power over their country and to get independence. This context led to the emergence of a national personality. In fact the main characteristic of the social life in Tunis in the colonial era is a conflict of powers
Giudice, Christophe. "La construction de Tunis, "ville européenne" et ses acteurs de 1860 à 1945." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010713.
Full textDautancourt, Vincent. "La ville de Tallinn : les ambitions et les enjeux géopolitiques d'une "petite" capitale européenne." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080004/document.
Full textSince the beginning of the 2000s, the city-state of Singapore has often been taken as an example for Tallinn (Estonia). Observing that the Estonian capital shares common features with the former British colony (harbour city, a small national territory, few natural resources, an economy oriented toward new technologies), experts think that Tallinn could experiment a similar success and become a centre of the shore of the Baltic Sea. How could it be in reality when the Estonian authorities will to integrate their country in Europe and cut all relation with Russia, the former occupying power? The first part of this thesis analyses the reality of the European integration of Tallinn, the evolution of the relations with Russia, the inevitable neighbour and the potentials of development towards more distant horizons. These international ambitions cannot become a reality without urban transformations at a local level. Make the city known, attract businessmen and tourists require the modernisation of the urban space developed during the Soviet period and its adaptation to new standards. Three themes illustrate the will of change in Tallinn: the digital revolution, the renovation of the seashore and the development of a sustainable city. However, the processes imply a number of local conflicts that could restrain the achievement of Tallinn's international projects
Stanculescu, Cristina. "L'Europe romantisée et ses autres: Analyse de la ville de Timisoara comme fabrique de l'identité européenne." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/218405.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Moutot, Cédric. "Contribution à une enquête européenne sur la prescription de médicaments en ville chez le sujet âgé." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P064.
Full textKharchi, Oussama. "Fonds structurels européens et politique de la ville : un mariage de raison." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100024.
Full textFor decades, European construction piled up sectorial policies without taking into account the territorial impact of these policies. With regard to the cities, even though they were the first to undergo the economic, social and physics costs of integration process, we had to wait until the drafting of the Single act (1987) and the structural funds reform of 1988 to see them emerging on the European stage. The recognition of cities as the relevant place for intervention is part of a wider reshaping process of Community action means. A reshaping process intended, among others, to give a stronger political visibility to the European commission that wants to make cities "the starting point of European policies and programs". Its initiatives in the urban field were accepted, but as soon as central governments noticed the development of direct relatioships with the local governments, theyreacted by recovering the most important prerogative, namely the selection of the beneficiary cities. However, we have seen a significant displacement of the internal attention of resources and people toward the European commission. The latter succeeded in impelling changes of attitudes and renewing the ways to apprehend urban problems, the key words are contractualisation, partnership, governance, transversality, integrated approach, etc. The call of Community expertise in the urban field is more visible in the Member States lacking a tradition of urban policy. UPP, URBACT, URBAN and other initiatives represent sources of potentials ideas and references. If the community functions of legislation, financing and ideological framing have an influence on local governments capacity for action, the national systems of Member States were not disrupted. The new registers have been added to, and not replaced, the traditional registers of public action
Nastase, Gianina Elena. "Le développement commercial de la Roumanie : entreprises françaises et intégration européenne." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1086/document.
Full textHypermarket distribution is a rather recent phenomenon which justifies a study. It started in 1992 after the fall of the communist regime in December 1989. This event allowed a liberation of the energies in all the domains, in particular in the retail / trade. In the first time, large retailers took place in Bucharest and particularly in the suburbs. In a second time, it spread in the main town. The North of the capital is well enough served in highways. Thanks to the situation, a lot of commercial actors can settle in this place which becomes a trade area. We notice that the first hypermarket opened near the A1 highway towards Pitesti on the North West of Bucharest. A second group of companies goes to the East of Bucharest, next to the Sun highway which links the capital to the port Constanta. The phenomenon became more important thanks to foreign actors. The lack of national strategies explains that the utilities and transport's accessibility are insufficient. Because of its place around the town, hypermarket distribution moved the limits of the town. So we can observe that the trade is linked to suburbanization and marked the apparition of the metropolitan area of Bucarest
Gao, Zengrong. "Croisement entre l’espace réel et l’espace virtuel au sein des sociétés contemporaines européenne et chinoise en mutation : projet urbain à l'œuvre d'art pour réinventer les espaces publics." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080021.
Full textTo survive, human beings have created their own “living environment” throughout their evolution to protect themselves from dangers and facilitate their existence. Cities were formed to fulfill these needs, to perform different spacial functions and to present the comfort for living. The continuing demand and expression have distinguished cities from each other, so that we can experience the beauty of difference. During the Renaissance, Europeans were inspired by ancient Greece with their public places' structures. The will of the designers and artistic movements then have given these urban areas various forms. With the development of new tehcnologies, we have various ways to enrich cities: the virtual space is now interconnected with the real space. Nowadays, virtual spaces has become an important channel to deliver urban art.This study aims to analyze this evolution path of city spaces, from basic human needs to how virtual space have figured modern world. The cross between real space and virtual space offers and also restrains a new dimension for expression. From Europe to China, public spaces are definitely artwork itself and also give each city its identity and its image. It also reflects its culture, architectural and artistic heritage
Bratosin, Odile. "Développement, marge et carrefour dans la dynamique conjointe de l'intégration européenne et de la mondialisation : le cas de la ville roumaine de Călăraşi." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSF0049.
Full textOur research analyzes the conditions in which the Rumanian city of Călăraşi tries hard to surmount the crisis of exit of the communism while facing the globalization, and how the process of the European integration can be the vector of redeployment. Mid-sized city, border and waterside city of the Danube, the county town, Călăraşi wears at one and the same time the ancestral marks of the agricultural rural life of Baragan and the traces of an industrialization scheduled by the communist regime which deformed its fragile fundamentally commercial urbanity. The industrial restart, the new chief town’s office of region of development and the perspectives of growth of the axis of traffic on the Danube will they be the premises of an urban development appropriate to insert the city into the towns’ system in gestation in the Southeast of Europe? Our thesis applies itself more exactly to show that the conditions of development of Călăraşi join the tension of an ambivalent geographical position between margin and crossroads in function in terms, according to the perspectives of every moment, of the relative weight of the endogenous and exogenous strengths. This tension puts the city in a paradoxical ambiguity, which is at one and the same time source of weaknesses and factors of innovations, facing the exacerbated competition from better prepared territories because benefiting of a more stable political and economic environment
Coanus, Thierry. "Culture maghrébine et villes de conception occidentale : du voisinage à la ville : usage et perception de l'espace urbain de conception européenne par les marocains à Meknès (Maroc) et dans l'agglomération lyonnaise (France)." Paris 8, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA080348.
Full textThrough the analysis of the comportment of moroccans in towns on a european lay-out (in meknes (morocco) and the lyon area (france)), the author tryes to point out the interactions between space and way of life. Neighbourhood, district and urban practices are successively examined
Mantanika, Rengina-Eleni. "Le sauvage dans la ville ou l'émergence d'une sociabilité politique : négociation et reconfiguration du paysage des migrations par les exilés aux frontières d'arrivée et dans les villes portuaires en Grèce." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC098/document.
Full textThe issue raised on this thesis revolves around two central questions, which have guided the research. The first question investigates the meaning that migration takes when it becomes an issue that concerns us in our daily encounters as residents of a neighborhood, citizens of a city, nationals of a country. The second question investigates how we arrive at those moments during which the seeds of social transformation take root in political life. The research explores these questions by looking into migration processes as creative of opportunities for civic and political subjectivity in the everyday life and through the different encounters with the locals. More precisely, the thesis focuses on the various negotiations that take place in what is called "landscapes of attribution", which is related to the policies and practices of migration and the way migrants experience them through the different strategies of survival. These are negotiations between those that dictate policies and practices related to migration, the authorities and other bodies that implement these policies and practices, the migrants and the way they experience these policies on their everyday encounters with other citizens in local communities. They are also negotiations that produce proximities with local communities and create new spaces of commons. By looking into such negotiations in the Greek case, the thesis links together the two questions presented above. It does so by using tools from social geography, political science, anthropological and literary resources, and political philosophy
Brière-Haquet, Alice. "Il était une fois la ville : les réécritures des contes de Perrault dans l’espace urbain." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040194.
Full textOnce upon a time there were rewritten fairy tales, a very dynamic product in today’s publishing world. Updated fairy tales are the most common type: many Little Red Riding Hoods or Pusses in Boots are now walking through cities, meeting wolves who drive cars or ogres running industrial empires. Though parodies may be amusing, fun is not their only function. Intercrossing the urban imaginary with the fairy-tale means putting two referential universes face to face, each one gauging the other: traditional plots, inherited from classic tales, are twisted and corrected to fit new ideologies, and meanwhile the wonderland judges reality, with its concrete, its traffic, and its capitalist logic, so that in the end, it is the city which is reborn of the fairy tale experience. But the phenomenon should be replaced within the history of the genre. Thanks to recent academic studies, we can re-contextualize the emergence of the fairy tale in the European literary stage, and we have to note that updating fairy tales is not a contemporary practice, but could indeed be a generic characteristic. Perrault, already, by the scenography of the old maid telling tales to young kids, offered his urban public falsely naive stories, inviting them to look above the illusion of fiction, in order to find the “Morale trés-sensée”, the very wise moral. Therefore, because of their intrinsically polyphonic nature, fairy tales exist less within a logic of transmission than within a logic of conversation between generations, and for that they should be considered myths of modernity
Fochesato, Andrea. "Aux origines de la ville européenne : technologie, typologie et fonction de l'architecture en bois dans l'habitat urbain des oppida celtiques (IIe-IIer s. av. J.-C.) : le cas de Bibracte, mont Beuvray (France)." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCH002.
Full textThe aim of this work is to clarify the knowledge on the architectural aspect of the oppida in Temperate Europe during the two last Centuries BC. The study is based on the oppidum of Bibracte (mount Beuvray, Burgundy), one of the reference sites for the Period in Europe. The research focused mainly on the study of timber building techniques derived from the continental protohistoric tradition and commonly used in these settlements.The entire woodworking process, from the forest supply to the different stages of building construction, has been analysed. The technical aspects related to the foundation and elevation of the building’s frames, the choice and shaping of their wooden elements, the patterns of the walls and the roofing techniques has been apprehended through the analysis of the archaeological remains – often fragmentary and difficult to read – as well as through the study of the rare timbers preserved in particular taphonomic conditions on the site.Thanks to the cross-checking of the documentation available from the 75 years of research carried out on mount Beuvray in the 19th century (1864-1907) and from 1984 to the present day, 151 structures with sufficiently complete plans has been identified. Of these, 74 wooden-frame buildings are characteristic of an indigenous architectural tradition, while 77 masonry structures show some influences linked to the new techniques and modules coming from Italy and gradually introduced in the settlement during the last two decades of the 1st century BC.The wooden architecture of Bibracte reflects the image of an expertise particularly well adapted to the very constraining morphological characteristics of the terrain of mount Beuvray. The corpus of studied buildings has been divided in 13 architectural categories, 6 of which concern wooden-frame buildings. In the sectors with steeper slopes, houses are usually composed of one or more semi-buried rooms and organised in terraces. The volume of these buildings develops rather vertically, with limited footprint (spans rarely exceed 5 m, the structures do not require any internal load-bearing system), but with massive wooden frames. The latter are built using closely squared timber posts, installed in dry stone trenches or connected by foundation beams giving to the structure a remarkable load-bearing capacity to support the weight of an upper floor. In the less steeply sloping areas, the buildings develop more horizontally, with multi-room layouts (often with wooden cellars) or with a monumental aspect in public buildings.Although they are organized in different ways, many structures display a certain uniformity in their dimensions, suggesting the use of well-defined building modules and a precise measurement system within a standardized building activity in the site. As in the case of the habitat, the existence of distinct parameters could also be observed in the construction of the wood-framed ramparts (murus gallicus) of the oppidum, as well as for the wooden timbers preserved on the site
Fochesato, Andrea. "Aux origines de la ville européenne. Technologie, typologie et fonction de l’architecture en bois dans l’habitat urbain des oppida celtiques (IIe-Ier s. av. J.-C.). Le cas de Bibracte, mont Beuvray (France)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/302531.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie
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Moukarzel, Pierre. "La ville de Beyrouth et son commerce avec les villes marchandes européennes à l'époque Mamelouke (1291-1516)." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT5016.
Full textDuring the Mamluk era, Beirut occupied an important trading place in Syria. A net of trading exchanges was established with the cities of the Syrian coast, but also with Damascus, Egypt, Cyprus and Europe on the other Mediterranean shore. During this period, Beirut was an active harbour of the mamluk sultanate, widely open to the Mediterranean trade, competed with and even overtook the harbour of Alexandria, the main mamluk harbour. The European merchants, Venetians, Genoeses, Catalans, Florentines, Provincials, Anconitans, Ragusans frequented Beirut and settled there for trade. Beirut was one of the main syrian harbours for loading spices and products coming from the far east. From the beginning of the XVth century, because the politic, economic and military conditions in Syria, the European merchant cities turned their business towards Alexandria. Their relations with Beirut were not interrupted but the volume of their trading exchanges became limited and reduced
Emelianoff, Cyria. "La ville durable, un modèle émergent : géoscopie du réseau européen des villes durables (Porto, Strasbourg, Gdansk)." Orléans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ORLE1031.
Full textEl, Arabi Sofia. "Géographie de la dispersion des migrations subsahariennes au Maroc : le cas de deux villes-refuge, Tiznit et Taza." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL082.pdf.
Full textThis thesis deals with the repercussions of the policy of externalization of the European Union's border security measures in Morocco in the post-migration crisis context of 2015. We analyze the Moroccan strategy of forced displacement of sub-Saharan migrants wishing to reach Europe from the north of the country to medium-sized cities located further south. By introducing the concept of "dispersal", this research aims to understand the process of "bordering" through the forced relocation of sub-Saharan migrants in Morocco. Based on an empirical study within the framework of action research and a participatory method, this research was conducted comparatively in the medium-sized cities of Tiznit and Taza. Our thesis questions and analyzes the logics of dispersal, the nature of the relationships established between migrants and locals, but also the effects of this new modality of "bordering" on individuals and places. Thus, our thesis documents the effects of dispersal as a policy of plural "vulnerability" that is cushioned by "refuge-cities" under the seal of hospitality ethics. Thus, the stakes of overcoming security in favor of a "civility of transit" that is woven between natives and dispersed migrants, in the absence of state reception policies, are at stake. Dispersal brings to light unexpected reactions from civil societies that feed the reconfiguration of the reception mission in these refuge-cities. However, these palliative actions remain particularly fragile due to the absence of real concerted public policies
Cattan, Nadine. "La mise en réseau des grandes villes européennes." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010518.
Full textThe largest cities are privileged points for network setting and for spatial integration. They had the advantage of a faster qualitatif development and thus improved their position in their national urban system, developed their capacity and extended their role to the european scale. Their geographical situation is modified. Before analysing the dynamics which structure nowadays the european space, we define and delimitate, in a first step, homogeneous european urban units. We caracterize, in a second step, the relative situations of the European large cities in the economic and demographic structure of the network they constitute. We study finally the interurban relations, air and rail relations, which represent a sensitive indicator of change, of hierarchical resetting and of the dynamics which take place at this scale
Vinet-Kammerer, Romaric. "Appropriations de la ville américaine par les cinéastes européens : 1960-1980." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010539.
Full textZaouali, Lilia. "Villes portuaires et présences européennes en Barbarie ottomane (XVIe-XVIIe siècles)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040011.
Full textRozenblat, Céline. "Le réseau des entreprises multinationales dans le réseau des villes européennes." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010520.
Full textThe firms strategies are very important in economic internationalization of the territories. Consequently we made a survey about the location of the largest european multinational firms' foreign subsidiaries, wich can be representative of the investment exchanges in Europe. This type of establishment could be used to measure the degree of international opening of places, especially the cities, which seem have facilities to integrate such supranational networks. Based upon this, we used the relationships between the hedquarters and the foreign subsidiaries of 100 of the 300 major european firms (about 3. 000 subsidiaries) to define the principal economic links between european metropoles. Then we were able to see the integration of such cities in the european economic system, and to compare the results with the characteristics of the cities (with more than 200. 000 inhabitants). This step required the construction of a homogeneous data base concerning this type of cities, with a total comparability of their delimitations, which are founded on the common criteria of building's continuity. Information concerning the population of the cities (extracts from census of population), international congresses (from 1987 to 1989), airline trafic, and majors hotel chains, permitted to define the factors of attractivity of European cities for multinational enterprises. In this way, we focalized our approach particularly on the role of the form of the differents settlement systems for the spatial diffusion of the foreign subsidiaries in the urban hierarchy
Ducruet, César. "Les villes-ports : laboratoires de la mondialisation." Le Havre, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008968.
Full textDepending on geographical scales, periods and transport modes, the spatial logics of international flows and of cities may combine or be opposed to each other. Port cities or "cityports" are highly relevant cases; they must permanently adapt to both maritime and terrestrial technological innovations. Through the research and elaboration of adequate indicators at a global scale, a vast, dispersed literature is clarified by the concepts of centrality (urban), nodality (port), intermediacy (maritime). The sample is constituted of 330 places, 15 variables (1990-2000), accounting for 50% of littoral population, 60% of port throughput in tons and 94% of total containerized port traffic of the world. Multivariate analysis shows that beyond a hierarchical structure, centrality is opposed to intermediacy as flows but not as companies. This leads to a regional differentiation according to a double principle of cohesive or destructured port-city relationship
Cicile, Jérôme. "La mobilité des personnes dans les grandes villes européennes : de la congestion automobile à la régulation de la demande." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10014.
Full textBoudeffa, Abderrahmane Mehdi. "Le paysage fluvial, nouveau vecteur de projet dans les villes européennes : le cas de deux villes rhénanes : Strasbourg et Bâle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG019.
Full textThe establishment of policies to “reconquer” the edges of water, marked today the new craze of the Rhenish Europe for its river. Cities as Basel, Strasbourg… etc… are rediscovering the Rhine and its shores which they had denied the whole urban quality, to make it now, a major asset in their development policy and their overall development. The many examples of the current revaluation raise the question of the existence of a common model concerning the development of the shores and the fronts of water. Our study is part of a comparative perspective on a European scale. From this point, we have evaluated the process of return to the river through the landscape. The recourse to various axes of analysis aimed to determine the integration level of the river in the structure of the cities studied. The look, on many recent regional projects, relating to the Rhine and the participants’ collection of stories have enabled us to articulate the different representations of the river in order to get a more complete vision about. This study takes us on the traces of a cultural history which evaluates the importance of political, economic and social factors in relation to the river
Guérois, Marianne. "Les formes des villes européennes vues du ciel : une contribution de l'image CORINE à la comparaison morphologique des grandes villes d'Europe occidentale." Phd thesis, Paris 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004303.
Full textGheerardyn, Claire. "La Statue dans la ville : littératures européennes, russes et américaines à la rencontre des monuments (XIXe - XXIe siècles)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC021.
Full textBringing together a broad corpus of texts written in many different languages, this dissertation explores the intersections between literature and sculpture. The starting point is the monument, an object that stands as a “social total fact”, condensing politics, ideologies, religion and aesthetics. Literature can help monuments to alter their beholders, to glorify heroes, to signify history, to build up and edify society, or to respond to distress. More often, it appropriates, subverts or debunks those acts via strategies of “textual iconoclasm”, proving that monuments cannot withstand the test of reality and fail to keep their promises. Literature aims therefore at renewing monuments, making them lighter by opening them to compassion and finitude. Thus recreated, statues in cities can point the beholders towards the sacred, or accommodate magic. Literature manages so to reinvent a polysemy around devices designed to hold an authority, and that were supposed to reinforce a monosemy
Pinson, Gilles. "Projets et pouvoirs dans les villes européennes : une comparaison de Marseille, Venise, Nantes et Turin." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00125323.
Full textC'est ce processus d'institutionnalisation que cette thèse se propose d'analyser à travers l'étude des projets de ville et des projets urbains dans quatre villes européennes : Marseille, Venise, Nantes et Turin. Qu'il s'agisse de grandes opérations de requalification urbaine et économique de morceaux de villes comme Euroméditerranée à Marseille, Porto Marghera à Venise ou l'Ile de Nantes, ou de dispositifs de planification stratégique comme à Turin, ces projets sont analysés comme des processus de mobilisation sociale activant des dispositifs d'interactions entre une pluralité d'acteurs, de groupes et d'institutions. L'analyse de ces dispositifs de projet fait apparaître plusieurs traits saillants des dispositifs contemporains de gouvernance des villes européennes : la différenciation des agendas, des enjeux et des systèmes d'acteurs d'une ville à l'autre ; la différenciation interne des scènes d'action publique urbaine et la multiplication des acteurs, réseaux et institutions impliqués dans les politiques urbaines ; la pluralisation des structures de pouvoir dans chacune des villes étudiées. Pour autant, ces différents phénomènes de différenciation et de pluralisation ne sont pas synonymes de la déperdition d'une capacité d'action collective dans les villes. En effet, ils sont accompagnés de phénomènes de recomposition, de construction de liens d'interdépendance entre la pluralité des acteurs impliqués et de reconstruction d'une capacité de coordination de leurs actions.
L'analyse de ces projets fait apparaître un processus d'institutionnalisation à deux dimensions. L'institutionnalisation des villes comme espaces politiques et comme lieux de constitution d'une capacité d'action collective procède, certes, de l'affirmation d'un leadership politique et institutionnel capable de donner du sens à l'action d'une pluralité de réseaux et de coordonner leur action. Mais elle procède également de la démultiplication des interactions entre acteurs, groupes et institutions dans le cadre de processus de projet relativement ouverts et qui ne sont que partiellement déterminés, dans leurs formes et leurs résultats, par l'autorité politique. Ainsi, l'institutionnalisation des villes n'est-elle pas uniquement le résultat de l'action structurante des institutions de gouvernement urbains mais également de dispositifs d'interactions sociales qui cristallisent des dispositions à la coopération, des relations d'interdépendance, des identités d'action et des cadres cognitifs communs. Les configurations où la constitution d'une capacité d'action collective urbaine est la plus nette sont celles où les projets sont l'occasion d'une densification des réseaux d'acteurs et d'une démultiplication des interactions entre ces acteurs et dans lesquelles ces phénomènes sont secondés, relayés par une activité de portage politique et institutionnel du projet.
Houllier-Guibert, Charles-Edouard. "Les politiques de communication rennaises pour un positionnement européen : Idéologies territoriales & image de la ville." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN20041.
Full textThe Image of the city is a part of the geography of the representations but it concerned by several disciplines. This theme is difficult to estimate of the European scale. The city of Rennes (France) has the advantage to communicate about uncommon objectives: dynamic and in demographic good health, Rennes has a good quality of life. Nevertheless it produces an official image like shrinking cities. Checked by agents of territorial marketing, this official image is the most measurable part of the image of the city. However, the triple difficulty in identifying people who produce the image, to collect image’s elements produced between 1984 and 2008, and to confine the political wills by limiting the rebuilding post, makes opaque the categorization of the territorial ideologies brought in speeches promotion. The extra-territorial image of Rennes aims first of all the local people and is confronted with a performativity as regards the European scale. The city is searching a global image, produced by only public agents in order to support the metropolisation. The metropolitan governance on the questions of image is the detriment of cooperation with other territories. On the symbolic level, Rennes seems to follow the market of cities when it produces ideologies which are in the air time, still trying to be a pioneer to extend its image as innovative city
Mangin, Nathalie. "La vie de société dans les villes d'eaux européennes de 1850 à 1914 : cosmopolitisme et nationalisme." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040050.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to present watering towns (spas, winter and sea side resorts) in the nineteenth century and to study their development bearing in mind the revolution in transport as well as the new mentalities linked to the phenomenon. Social life (both in its curatives and leisure aspects) and the social models that society responded to are some of the aspects considered in this thesis. Internal politics within the states, diplomatic relations, and international rivalries are especially studied in the context of thermal resorts and the episode of the franco-prussian war of 1870, and its consequences on franco-german relations are especially brought out. Finally, the international clientele of such resorts is observed and the cosmopolitan nature of the spas is considered in relation to the great international crises of the period
Goffi, Mélanie. "La démarche agenda 21 local comme un outil pour repenser le territoire urbain et son développement : analyse comparative de 30 démarches agenda 21 local dans 5 pays européens." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS018S.
Full textThe objective of this doctoral dissertation is to renew the comprehension of the local Agenda 21 process through a reflection on the dynamics and Urban Development. In our view, local Agenda 21 can not be only a declination of Agenda 21, proceed from the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. Its complexity, its innovativeness, its ambition of mobilizing local actors, and above all its capacity to contribute to sustainable development, both local and global scale, are all questions debated since its birth. Despite the reticence or even criticism against him both in the literature or by local policy-makers, dissemination of the process progresses. In Europe, this scattering proceed from each State, the European Union but also networks or associations of cities. What actually means this paradox? Why European cities still engage in this type of approach, beyond a strategy of image, whereas in most countries remain a voluntary commitment ? Our questioning is not the question of the emergence of a local Agenda 21, nor on its ability to get out of a territorial marketing (a strategic positioning of the team decision-making) or its results as a policy to push a new model for development of territory and its actors. Our interrogation wants them out, while the taking as "data" of each approach, to initiate a reflection on the ability of the local agenda 21 to exceed them : or how the local Agenda 21 process may at the scale of a city / an urban organization, integrate new questioning on issues of urban development
Dellier, Julien. "DES FORÊTS DANS LA VILLE - Analyse du processus d'intégration par une approche territorialisée, exemples de trois agglomérations moyennes européennes : Grenoble, Limoges et Swindon." Phd thesis, Limoges, 2007. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/678433a1-f989-4cb0-8b37-02fb7dd54e3d/blobholder:0/2007LIMO2013.pdf.
Full textFurlanetto, Gwennaëlle. "L'essor contemporain de la croisière maritime. : Enjeux et politiques de développement dans les villes portuaires de la rangée nord-européenne." Thesis, Le Havre, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEHA0025/document.
Full textThe contemporary cruise has undeniably grown since the 2000s, particularly in Europe. This thesis aims to better understand the stakes posed by the development of this sector in the port cities and for their actors via a general understanding of the context of the cruise, an analysis of the cruise system by detailing some of its components such as the sets of actors or its spatial anchor and finally the proposal of a model of the cruise port. The latter made it possible to explore different development paths that can be applied to these ports, even potentially to ports in other regions of the World
Escach, Nicolas. "Réseaux de villes et recompositions interterritoriales dans l'espace baltique." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENSL0952/document.
Full textThe Baltic Sea area is often quoted as the archetype of a transnational space achieved through networks. Since the fall of the Iron Curtain, local and European stakeholders have frequently relied on the fantasized history of the Hanseatic League, a mediaeval association of merchants created in the 12th century, in order to foster the idea of a unified region. Rather than a desire to bring together territories that are essentially rivals, the existence of numerous Baltic forums suggests the difficulty local stakeholders have in adapting to the new dynamics of economic globalization and political Europeanization. Since the 1980s, a period that was characterized by a change in the role of States, city authorities have been able to launch more autonomous international policies and extend the scope of their actions to unprecedented levels, the condition being that the cities in question have a sufficient critical mass and enjoy an attractive location. City networks make up an intermediary space allowing the territories bordering the Baltic Sea to develop strategies within and together with various geographical levels. With its many disparities, the Baltic Sea area exemplifies not one single model of rescaling, but a vast number of inter-territorial strategies and approaches. Beyond classical geopolitics based on inter-state relations, the study of the cities bordering the Baltic Sea leads to the idea that there is a great variety of ways in which they participate in both global and European dynamics that are not linear or monolithic processes
Mboumoua, Irène. "L'Union européenne et les villes : du développement des instruments d'action publique Urban et Urbact à leur traduction localisée : Mantes la Jolie, Grigny, Birmingham et Lambeth." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/134103297#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe starting point of our research is the observation of the growing interest of the European Union on urban problems of cities and deprived neighbourhoods, which has led the EU to develop area-based or transnational programmes such as Urban and Urbact. Using researches on Europeanization, policy transfer or policy instruments, we try to question the neutrality of these programmes and to analyse the implicit action of the EU. Through these programmes, we show that the EU is tacking a growing role in the diffusion of norms and models on cities, such as partnership, community involvement, or governance –concepts that are not new especially in France and the UK. This ability of the European Union to diffuse those norms is considered as an attempt to gain legitimacy on a field where it is not competent through soft law approaches and to modernise and change the practices of local actors. Through these policy tools, the European Union is promoting organisational change. If our starting point is to analyse the attempt of the EU to legitimate its action, our aim is to analyse the modes of appropriation of these norms by cities and member state and their local effects in terms of governance. We compare the French and the British cases to show the diverse modes of appropriation of these tools and norms by cities. They are mobilize as policy instruments and are negotiated and used in local strategies, according to the political background and local agendas of reforms. The local impact is path dependant. The norms that are diffused are linked to power and resources issues. This can lead to a gap between the theoretic response to Urban and the practical response. Therefore the policy transfer of these norms raises some difficulties
Le, Roux Sylvain. "Energie et développement urbain durable : Analyse des stratégies locales et essai de prospective pour les villes moyennes européennes." Limoges, 2008. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/e0ea09a2-3151-47b4-9b67-89d5ca05aa16/blobholder:0/2008LIMO2010.pdf.
Full textBrocco, Chiara. "Migrants ivoiriens en France et en Italie. Trajectoires et modes d'adaptation dans deux grandes villes européennes : Paris et Naples." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0126.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the multiple facets of the migratory experiences of Ivorians who arrived in Europe between the end of the 1990s and the end of the years 2000s. This work is based on a transnational and comparative approach and takes place in three different settings: Ivory Coast, France, and Italy. Although rooted primarily in the discipline of anthropology, this study also draws on several other disciplines such as sociology, history of migration, human geography, philosophy, and immigration law.Over the course of multisite ethnographic surveys, carried out between 2007 and 2013 in the Parisian region, in Naples and Parma, as well as in Abidjan, I have conducted long-term observations and collected numerous life histories and accounts of migration.The complexity of migratory routes undertaken by migrants is discussed in this study, as well as the development of their existential trajectories. We have described the profiles of these migrants, going beyond the categories assigned to them by the state policy, and focusing on the evolution of their lives in Europe.Particular attention was paid to the mechanisms of reproduction of contemporary Ivorian migration, which depend not only on the crises that have struck Ivory Coast since the end of the 1990s, but also on the power of the imagined and idealized West. This imagined ideal that has been built over the course of history, through the relations maintained by Ivory Coast and France during the colonial and postcolonial era, continues to develop in the present time, through representations on the media and the physical and material returns in the form of money transfers and revenues by immigrants already settled in the West. We have defined this migration as a "contemporary ritual", for which certain phases, specific to initiation rites, take place in the societies of origin, and are identifiable, although revisited in larger spatial and temporal frameworks.Two places in particular were the privileged sites of my investigations: the former Maison des Etudiants de Côte d'Ivoire in Paris, and the “ghetto” of “old houses” in via dell'Avvenire in Pianura, a district of Naples. Both served were squatted by many of these migrants and evicted in 2008 and in 2010, respectively. In the context of social marginalization stemming from European migration policies over the course of recent decades, which clearly operate against migrants from so-called “poor” countries, these sites turned out to be real social laboratories through which migrants have developed multiple practices of "dynamic resistance", practices created and implemented in order to re-build themselves and their lives and bypass different types of obstacles. These forms of dynamic resistance stem from the symbolic and constant dialogue that Ivorian migrants maintain with the cultural and social universe of their country of origin, and which helps them to reformulate and invent new ways of adapting to the new environments encountered during migration.The last part of the study deals with the work of Ivorian associations founded by migrants in France and Italy, in particular the hometown associations and those whose membership is defined by national origin. By describing their different missions, the modalities of their activities, and the meanings that members assign to their participation, these social productions bear witness to another intimate aspect through which the transnational dimension of Ivorian migration is expressed
Jaubert, Anne Nissen. "Peuplement et structures d'habitat au Danemark durant les IIIe-XIIe siècles dans leur contexte nord-ouest européen." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0058.
Full textThe settlement's patterns and the structures of rural sites in denmark from ca 200 ad to ca 1200 ad are compared to those of the northwestern europe. Fondamental changes in the settlements' organisation determine the chronological framework. The geographical limits follow the north european plain, excluding the other scandinavian countries. Ca 200 ad the farms become larger and enclosed. This lay-out will be maintained during the whole period. The stabilization of the settlement and the emergency of the medieval village mark the end of the study. The analysis of 5 microregions examine the settlement patterns in different parts of the country. The settlement structures are studied by small and large excavations from all of denmark. Three important changes are noted before ca. 1200 : the enclosed farm ca 200, a significant enlarging ca 700 and the development of stable settlements in the beginning of the northern middle ages. The comparison with north-west european excavations shows important regional differences but it put three major changes in rural settlements into evidence
Siour, Guillaume. "Modélisation et évaluation de l’impact multi-échelles des mégapoles européennes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1034/document.
Full textThe important increase in worldwide population identified during the last century led to a human migration toward urban areas. As a consequence, 50 high populated areas called megacities, reaching more than 7 millions of people, appeared in the last decades. This huge increase happened so fast that existing infrastructures (such as roads network, public transport) is not suitable anymore. Taking into account environmental issues (air quality, supply and waste management) in this context is then a real challenge. In the meantime, observations and numerical models highlight the need to deal with local pollution in megacities as well as climate policy, through the consideration of pollutants transfer from local scale to global scale. The increase of ozone background in Europe, which also is a climate issue, could depend of the increase of the megacities emissions in the north hemisphere, due to the economical development (Monks et al., 2009).What do we know of the megacities real impact on air quality? Scientific studies aiming to understand the key parameters of oxidizing pollution have mainly focus on the local and regional scales. Interactions between megacities and global scale have been the subject of many modelling studies (Wild et Akimoto, 2001; Stohl et al., 2002; Lawrence et al., 2003, 2007). However, there are still few works concerning interactions between megacities and their continental environment. My thesis works were then aiming at identifying theses impacts using eulerian modelling. My main interrogations concerned the nature, the magnitude, the scope, direct and indirect impact, and finally the pollutants exported by European megacities flux variations. In addition, I also investigated the nature of these high emission areas, through the sensitivity of the urban structure on their impacts (compact or spread cities). New tools developments in the model (flux calculation, new chemical scheme, implementation of an upgraded tool dedicated to scales interaction) were necessary to answer the problematic
Vila, Vázquez José Ignacio. "Les flagship projects et leur impact territorial dans les villes européennes : analyse comparative de quatre cas à Paris, Santiago de Compostela, Porto et Oslo." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H025.
Full textIn a context of interurban competence at the world level, there is a trend in European cities, since the 90's of promoting building large cultural projects as an urban marketing strategy. In this context, this study focuses on the analysis of flagship projects, i.e. large cultural facilities that have been conceived a priori to be the catalysers of urban (re)development and/or regeneration. This research seeks to evaluate the territorial impact of these projects at different levels of the European city-system and in different territorial contexts. The hypothesis is that flagship projects lead to transformations on imaginary, urban renewal and/or rehabilitation processes, gentrification acceleration and attraction of transnational companies. Diffusion of these type of monumental initiatives at the different levels of urban hierarchy implies a paradox due to the sought uniqueness of these projects and their banalization due to imitation, generating doubts about the viability of these initiatives. A comparative approach is applied for studying the cases of France National Library - Mitterrand in Paris, Galicia, Cidade da Cuttura in Santiago de Compostela, Casa da Mùsica in Oporto and Operahuset in Oslo. Results show that variations in the impact of these projects depend on their integration in larger urban projects and users engagement in the activities that these facilities offer. Urban planning alternatives and strategies proposed by these projects are still a discussion subject in Urban studies, so it is the continuity of these types of projects after the world economic crisis
Wittner, Laurette. "Culture maghrebine et villes de conception occidentale : évolution du mode d'habiter des marocains dans le logement de conception européenne à Meknes (Maroc) et dans l'agglomération lyonnaise (France)." Paris 8, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA080348.
Full textThrough the use and comportment of moroccans in the european designed housing, (in meknes (morocco) and the lyon area (france)), the author tryed to point out the interactions between space and way of life. Spatial organization, domestic activities and household relations are examined. It ends with practical propositions to architects
Papaioannou, Amalia. "Du "goût à la grecque" au "genre étrusque" (1750-1800) : sources archéologiques et imaginaires "à l'antique" dans l'évolution du décor européen." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010566.
Full textLavollée, Danielle. "La mobilité transnationale en France dans les projets européens et internationaux de l’enseignement secondaire général à partir d’une expérience de professeur au collège et lycée de La Ville du Bois : enjeux, pratiques, évaluation et formation." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100195.
Full textTransnational mobility is developing in France in an educational context open to Europe and to the world. However, investigations on this subject are rare at the level of secondary education. This thesis finds its coherence in my personal thoughts and writings; in a sense, I produced my own work by producing myself in the work. Its other ambition is to understand which interplay of associations and dissociations my personal life story has enabled me to institutionalize myself as a teacher. I also wish to show that it is possible to teach foreign languages with pleasure and passion, and to make students active and happy to approach language learning, as an object of study and as a life communication medium. This thesis proposes concrete ways of implementating European and international projects, as well as comments that may encourage scientific debates about the construction of a European and international educational space, by implementing a competence of transnational cooperation, which I regard as a necessary condition. A corpus of European institutional data and fieldwork, based on a research-action that I have carried out at the Collège and Lycée of the Ville du Bois confirm or refute hypotheses I put forward. It emphasizes the reasons for building mobility into secondary schools, on French, European and international levels as a definite learning-teaching-training-research space
Héland, Laure. "Le quartier comme lieu d'émergence d'expérimentation et d'appropriation du développement durable. Analyse à partir des processus d'aménagement de deux quartiers européens : vauban et Hyldespjaeldet." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR1806/document.
Full textSustainable neighborhhods are increasingly numerous, are in a position to question the urban planning principles applied in Europe for sorne forty years now. This Thesis effort is about the planning process of sustainable urban neighborhoods, analyzed as a process ofterritorialisation of sustainable development. We propose the hypothesis that these local initiatives, even ifthey are still in the minority, contribute nonetheless to sorne fresh thinking about urban planning. Two European neighborhoods are analyzed, observing more precisely what connections there are between the environmental quality extolled in these neighborhoods and the social reality which takes shape there, in the same time and way. Based on the analysis ofthese areas the thesis wonder about the two principle aspects of this connection: on one hand, on the action of the inhabitants about their environment and, on the other hand, about the importance of place, of spaces for living: how is it perceived today in development planning? This importance of place, will it be characteristic of a new trend in urban planning?
Matysová, Kristýna. "Écrire le monde en marchant. Une approche de la modernité en Bohême et en France du début du XIXe siècle aux années 1940." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040054.
Full textIn Christian allegoric texts the Pilgrim traditionally symbolizes the journey of mankind to heaven. From the second half of the 19th century on, poets, travelers, and vagabonds pursued the quest of an afterlife from within city walls. This dissertation examines the different representations of modern wandering via an in-depth analysis of the theme as encountered in French and Czech literature and arts from the early 19th century to the 1940's. It reveals, in chronological order, the different artistic approaches to modernity. By bringing out the various patterns that emerge from the texts, while taking into account the historical and social contexts in which they were created, this work adds to existing knowledge on the cultural similarities between France and Bohemia. It also examines the different literary genres which originate from mankind’s need to walk and write the world
V krestanských alegorických textech je poutník symbolickou postavou na ceste do Ráje.Od druhé poloviny devatenáctého století básníci, chodci a flânéri, se pokoušejí odhalitskrytou tvár reality na ulicích velkomest. Tato disertacní práce analyzuje podobymoderního poutnictví. Chronologicky razené rozbory del, týkajících se tématu chuze,sledují vývoj tvurcích postoju k modernímu svetu ve francouzské a ceské literature avýtvarném umení od zacátku devatenáctého století do konce ctyricátých let stoletídvacátého. Studiem dílcích motivu moderních poutnických textu, zasazenýchdo historického a sociálního kontextu doby jejich vzniku, tato práce prispívá k prohloubenípoznatku o kulturních paralelách mezi Francií a Cechami. Navíc tato disertace zkoumározlicné literární žánry, pro než byla prvotním impulsem potreba autora jít a psát
Flamant, Anouk. "Droit de cité ! : construction et dilution d’une politique municipale d’intégration des étrangers dans les villes de Lyon, Nantes et Strasbourg (1981-2012)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20120/document.
Full textSince the early eighties, local politicians have started to claim their competencies to solve the « problem » of « integration ». Activists in favour of migrants and some national organisations have acted to make that “problem” a top priority on the political agenda. With new mayors elected in Lyon, Nantes and Strasbourg in 1989, cities have been clearly determined to increase their competencies on this topic in front of the State. This process was also noticeable at the European level in network of cities even if French cities stressed out the specific French philosophy of integration. In the 2000s, the setting up of units dedicated to “integration” reveals how local policies on “integration” have started to be institutionalised. However, the rising issue of the fight against discrimination has provoked the disappearance of an active local policy to solve the socio-economic issues migrants and ethnic minorities are facing. Our analysis reveals how politics do matter in policies and how the European level is seen as an opportunity to criticize the supremacy of the State. Last but not least, whereas France is described to be blind to ethnic communities, we stress out how city actions are laying down ethnicity to determine who is a « foreigner »
Monginot, Pauline. "Artiste ou mpanakanto ? : construction sociale et stylistique de la figure du peintre dans les villes des Hautes Terres malgaches : l'exemple de Tananarive (1880-1972)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC104.
Full textThis dissertation proposes to analyze the processes at work in the making of the painter identity in the Malagasy society, between the 1880s (when Europeans settle in Antananarivo) and 1972 (end of the first Republic of Madagascar). Painting is a recent activity in Madagascar: introduced in 1826 by Europeans, its history is deeply connected to colonization. However, painting becomes, for the merina society, an issue of defining social hierarchies and identities. Neither colonial artists, nor traditional craftsmen, Malagasy painters need yet to conform themselves to the norms imposed by colonial cultural policies, on the one hand, and by the usages granted to art in the merina society, on the other hand. They proceed between incarnating the figure of the estern artist and being mpanakanto, maker of beauty. It is a matter of analyzing the strategies established by these artists to make the most of the European and Malagasy resources in order to have a career and invent their own artistic identity. The study of the processes leading to the choices of such a career reveals the stakes and needs to which paint answers. These same processes contribute to defining the norms and models that the young discipline adopts. The history of painters questions also the role of art in the Malagasy society, whether it is on an economical (art market) or patrimonial level; the function they serve allows them to fit in society. It is also a question of considering the notions of group and individuality within a genuine “art world” [Becker ; 1988] characterized by intense transnational and regional flows. Thus, this reticular approach authorizes to rethink Malagasy Art History as pertaining to a more global perspective
Herrmann, Tanja. "Le second boom des jumelages franco-allemands (1985-1994) : acteurs, intentions, résistances et fonction." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H079.
Full textContrary to the widely held idea that the first boom of Franco-German twinning between 1963 and 1975 was unique, the years 1985 to 1994 present another increase. The purpose of this study is to provide a clear picture, based on a representative selection of 40 case studies, of the success of twinning during the survey period 1985-1994, little explored so far. Who, why and in what context played an important role in the development of the second twinning boom? The present study has been able to identify the origin of twinning resulting from a combination of political will, semipublic institutions, civil society networks and private relations that all together ensured the success of twinning. Thus, these partnership have become a "mass phenomenon" in the Franco-German context. The study then highlights instances of resistance and obstacles during the survey period as well as the later success of implementation of the original motives mentioned during the creation of twinning. It contradicts, amongst others, the hypothesis that resentments and the motive of reconciliation played no role in the 1980s and 1990s during the establishment of twinning, demonstrating that at the same time some partnerships are actively dealing with the past pursuing historical-educational goals, by, for example, visiting locations of historical conflicts. Although the period studied runs from 1985 to 1994, the conclusions underline the current trends of communal movement as well while offering various explanations to the considerable and unique number of Franco-German twinning arrangements
LO, BELLO CHIARA. "Architettura e obsolescenza nella città europea (1960-2015). Percorsi interpretativi, progetti e strategie per la costruzione dello spazio pubblico." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1031890.
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