Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vie intellectuelle – Études comparatives'
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Kozan, Aksel. "Trois critiques internes du champ intellectuel en Europe : Julien Benda, Karl Kraus et Gilbert Keith Chesterton (des années 1890 à la fin des années 1930)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0030.
Full textThis study deals with the birth of the internal critic of the intellectual field, in the first decades of the XXth century, through the confrontation of three major « cases » in Paris, London and Vienna and the identification of homologies and transnational logics of structuration. Our intent to establish links between Julien Benda (1867-1956), Karl Kraus (1874-1936) and Gilbert Keith Chesterton (1874-1936) relies mainly on the fact that they belong to the same generation of intellectuals and have devoted part of their work to internal critic of the intellectual field in their respective countries. The expression "internal critic" refers to the intellectual as a critic of his own social microcosm, taking a stance in the defence of intellectual values. The first part of this PhD focuses on the growth of a critical authority, through the study of the authors' formative years and their action within mass culture. The second part highlights the main distinctive features of the internal critic of the intellectual field, from iconoclastic to adaptative strategies. The third part focuses on the reception of the three authors' work by their contemporaries and thereafter on their legacy in English, German and French-speaking areas. Mediators and receivers involved in cultural transfers reveal the European integration of the various national fields as well as the importance of national issues in the uses that are made of imported works
Bouchet-Le, Mappian Émilie. "Propriété intellectuelle et droit de propriété en droits anglais, allemand et français." Nantes, 2009. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=8b1a9bbd-5153-43b9-8939-3f0e85de70fc.
Full textDoes intellectual property deserve its name Does it belong, in english, german and french law to the law of goods? A historical study of this question will show that the construction of the intellectual rights followed the model of the property. Not only did it raise the same political and dogmatic issues, but it also borrowed from the right of things many of its distinctive features. The analysis of the actual law will confirm and further investigate the common fundamental structure which caracterizes the right of property and the intellectual rights: immediate attribution of the thing, general exclusivity, exigibility erga omnes
Cheirif, Wolosky Alejandro. "La représentation du voyage comme interruption historique : du monde de Christoferens au monde d'Alexander von Humboldt." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0111.
Full textThe following thesis is an inquiry into two different "worlds" detached by a "historical interruption" : on the one hand, the world of "Cristoferens" - Christopher Colombos regarded as a merchant and sailor of the late middle ages. On the other hand, the world of Alexander von Humboldt - a stereotypical modern explorer of the late 18th and early 19 th centuries. The methodological axis of the thesis is the notion of an interrupted history. The concept of "interruption" has been prolific in literature and rhetoric studies, as well as in musicology and films studies. In addition to being a narative technique, it is also a methodological and a heuristic approach. The thesis is an attempt to introduce this methodological concept in a pragmatic and widely documented historical research analysis. The aim of the thesis is to inquire into the continuites and discontinuities between the two different "worlds"
Rachadi, Chafik. "La propriété industrielle à la lumière de la jurisprudence en droit comparé (droit marocain et droit français ) : contribution à l'étude de la propriété intellectuelle." Perpignan, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PERP0562.
Full textThe thinking we have started in connection with -the industrial property, on the basis of the authoritative judgments in comparative law 'Moroccan law and French law', which is a contribution to the intellectual property- seeks to be an exhaustive study to determine the legal character of this specific property that is characterized by the fact that it is a matter of intellectual and incorporeal property, which is part of the know-how generating clients' rights. If we start from the premise that the component parts must be defined and protected, we should examine how the mechanisms of the criminal and civil sanctions work and especially focus on the role of the convention of Paris Union dated 1883 that has been revised several times and that Morocco has been one of its signatories for about three decades. In our approach, we have made sure not to overlook any delicate and sensitive aspect of the moral right of inventions. It should be pointed out that, if compared to the prerogatives of the moral right of copyright, this right benefits from only a limited content. Besides, ex contrario, the jurisprudence is quite substantial with regard to trademark, unfair competition, counterfeit, and bicipital infringement, having some wide authority in terms of criminal and civil sanctions
Valentini, Silvia. "Carlo Levi e il ‘sacro’ nell’Europa tra le due guerre." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCH012.
Full textThe thesis focuses on the written work of the Italian painter and writer Carlo Levi (1902-1975) in the twenties and thirties. In particular, the work aims to analyze the reflection on the theme of the ‘sacred’ that the author develops between 1922 and 1939, taking into account the cultural context of interwar Europe.In 1939, in the first page of his essay Fear of Freedom, written parallelly to the outbreak of World War II as he was exile in France, Levi defines the sacred as the «obscure and continuous negation of freedom and art as well as, by contrast, the continuous generator of freedom and art». Taking this apparently contradictory definition as a starting point, the these aims to understand what is the real meaning that the author gives to the concept of the «sacred» - the importance of which seems to be demonstrated by the strong link established between the sacred and freedom. To do this, so as to shed a new light on Levi’s work, the research followed two parallel directions: on the one hand, a deep digging in Levi’s work, by trying to reconstruct – by means of a backward path - the genesis of Levi’s reflections on this theme during the twenties and thirties; on the other hand, a comparison with other European intellectuals having reflected, in the same years, on the same theme: non only with the aim of identifying the acutal sources that may have influenced Levi, but also fruitful parallelisms that could contribute to make us read his work with new eyes
Abou, Khalifa Mohamed Salama. "L'expérience spirituelle dans la prière chez les mystiques chrétiens et musulmans jusqu'au XIIIe S-VIIe S. H : étude comparative." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO31007.
Full textHe, Min. "Les systèmes d'attribution de la propriété de l'invention du salarié en droit comparé et proposition." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010324.
Full textJönsson-Leclerc, Alexandra. "Les politiques de la conciliation entre vie familiale et vie professionnelle en Europe : une comparaison entre la France, la Suède et le Royaume-Uni." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0039.
Full textThis comparative analysis reconstitutes the conditions of emergence and institutionalization of public policies regarding the conciliation of family and professional life in France, Sweden and the United Kingdom at the beginning of the 20th century and during the 1960s, before questioning their evolution in the recent period of the 1990s to nowadays. Focusing on the forms and justifications by which governments have chosen to intervene in the organization of care services for young children and of parental leave measures, the analysis insists, on a first level, on the structural differences that dominate the national cases historically. On a second level, a series of recent gradual changes are demonstrated, following in the three cases a common pattern: One part forms a process of “defamiliasation”, indicating an intensified public involvement in the care of young children at the same time as an increasing variety in the provision of care services. The other part translates a process of “parentalisation”, pointing at a new public involvement in the organization of domestic care work within the family in order to favour parents’ professional participation as well as a more equal sharing of care responsibilities between women and men. The similar redefinition of the boundaries between public and private in the three countries indicates a convergence-trend, spurred by a more egalitarian public conception of gender relations. Considered in the context of an intensified European integration, this trend shows how European public policies are becoming ever more interwoven displaying a case of Europeanization where the influence of Europe can be neither certified nor excluded
Nguyen, Thai Cuong. "L'accès aux médicaments et les droits de propriété intellectuelle (comparaison en droit français et droit vietnamien)." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10011/document.
Full textAccess to medication plays a dual role in the balance of interests between the monopoly created by intellectual property law and the protection of public health. Intellectual property law contributes three mechanisms to support access to medication: compulsory license, parallel importation and generic drugs. Furthermore, competition law grants another supplementary method to insure access to medication by insuring a fair competition. However, these mechanisms were not enough to guarantee equitable access to medication because developing countries have met other obstacles in multi laterals agreements. Access to medication has to be reformed in light of the bias presented by intellectual property law
Chromik, Mara. "La protection de la vie privée face au droit à l'information du public : une étude comparative entre la France, l'Allemagne et l'Espagne." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020011.
Full textTrimarco-Marciali, Anne. "Droits fondamentaux et protection de la vie humaine prénatale : étude de droit constitutionnel comparé et de droit européen." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0019.
Full textWether it is studied under the angle of Constitutional comparative law or European law, the question of unborn human life leads to the same conclusion. Whereas this life is protected in the name of Constitutional and conventional obligations inherent to fundamental rights, such a recognition challenges these rights. The philosophy of fundamental rights is indeed based on the idea that the protection of these rights must be equal, universal, and independent of States' will. However, the conditions required to acknowledge the applicability of these rights to the unborn human life lead to protect it inequally, partially and dependantly of States' will, so that substantial base of these rights is indirectly challenged. Moreover, the acceptation of unjustified offences to the rights protecting unborn human life challenges legal value of fundamental rights
Nguyen, Thi-Hai-Van. "De la construction à l'application du droit de la propriété intellectuelle : l'exemple du droit des marques au Vietnam : regards comparatifs sur les expériences française et vietnamienne." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10017.
Full textThe recognition and the implementation of the protection of the intellectual property rights in Vietnam become more and more complex, especially after the Bilateral Trade Agreement with the United States comes into effect and Viet Nam's accession to WTO and to the TRIPS. The newly-formed and weakness of the current legal system risk to compromise the obligation to international conventions relating to the protection of the Intellectual Property rights committed by Vietnam. As well, the priority given to the improvement of institutions was carried out in parallel with legislative reform, without neglecting the enforcement of the protection of the Intellectual property rights by means of administration and judicial. References from the French's intellectual property rights legal system that conform to demands of the TRIPS Component of the WTO, will provide rich informations to fill in the gaps and to come up with solutions for issues in the IPR of Vietnamese's legal system under construction. The comparative method allows taking into consideration specific demands of the situation from a country like Vietnam, and to choose among the possible options, one that best reflect the legal tradition of the country as well as most respect the social-economic interests of Vietnam. Therefore, the research in the frame of this thesis may contribute, even modestly, in the creation of a modern theory of the Intellectual property rights in Vietnam
Vuillième-Donot, Élise. "La protection de la vie privée dans les pays latins et anglo-saxons." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10037.
Full textMechanisms of protection of privacy in certain English-speaking and Latin countries such as Spain, France, Italy, Britain, United States of America and Canada (Quebec) : influence of culture and religion, set of privacy laws, freedom of expression or right to information, "right to publicy". . . Entering the Internet era, the protection of personal data becomes a problem and its solution will have to be international
Nérisson, Sylvie. "La légitimité de la gestion collective des droits des auteurs en France et en Allemagne." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010292.
Full textChen, Szu-Ting. "Droit d'auteur et protection technique des oeuvres : étude de droit comparé européen et asiatique." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT4024.
Full textDigital technology reinforces to the protection of works against piracy; in turn, copyright law mitigates the vulnerability of technology by prohibiting the circumvention of technological measures protecting the works. The WIPO Treaties of 1996 required merely signatory States to establish an appropriate legal protection of technological measures. What does the “appropriate ” legal protection mean? It generally consists of anti-circumvention provisions: how are they being received in copyright law? An analysis of these measures shows that European (French) and Asian (Taiwanese, Chinese and Japanese) legislations are disparate on the modes and the intensity of the protection of technological measures. Overprotection of these measures allows a control of access to work, which is foreign to copyright law. A study of the modes for limiting the legal protection of technological measures confirms the need to maintain a balance of interests, through various mechanisms which moderate undesirable effects of these measures on exceptions author’s rights and other interests. It is in this balance that we will find an “appropriate ” protection of technological measures
Decker, Micheline. "Aspects internes et internationaux de la protection de la vie privée en droits français, allemand et anglais." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020063.
Full textIriqat, Mohammed. "Les principes de la propriété intellectuelle en droit français et jordanien : un modèle pour un code palestinien." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010278.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to make an objective comparison between the intellectual property right in France and Jordan law in order to extyarct the similarities and differences to establish the basic principles of intellectual property code for Palestine. The reason why I worked on intellectual property law in general without taking a specific branch
Tébili, Zézé Odette. "Les marques de l'Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle (OAPI) : étude comparée des droits français, communautaire, africain." Toulouse 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU10059.
Full textAbou, Zeid Mohamed. "La vie privée face au droit à faire savoir la vérité : étude comparative des droits français, égyptien et musulman." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10041.
Full textFrench and egyptian legislations of late years have established a principle of private life protection. The pratical application of this principle in regard to the judge and the journalist, whose task is to let out the truth, brings up a question : if and how private persons will be protected from the intervention of the judge and the journalist in their private life? the present study treats this question in two parts. The first part is about the protection of persons against the unwarrantable interference of the judge with their private life. The second part is about the protection of persons against the divulgation of their private life by the journalist. In the following developments, we'll notice, if necessary, some improvements which should be effected in the rules of the considered laws : moslem, egyptian and french in order to st up a hierarchy of values
Roda, Caroline. "Les conséquences civiles de la contrefaçon des droits de propriété industrielle : (Droits français, belge, luxembourgeois, allemand, anglais)." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA4021.
Full textInfringement is a widespread phenomenon that affects all industries. In recent years, the internationalization of trade promotes its dissemination. As part of the civil action of infringement, it was often argued that the weakness of the civil remedies contributed to the amplification of the phenomenon. Indeed, infringement had become very lucrative and weakened the system of industrial property rights. Furthermore, it led serious economics consequences in terms of promoting innovation and improving competitiveness in Europe and thus threatened the internal market. Directive 2004/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the enforcement of intellectual property rights in the European Union has therefore been adopted to establish an unique legal framework for protection. The study attempts to determine in one hand, if the Directive 2004/48/EC is likely to enforce industrial property rights and in another hand if the initiative of the European authorities led an harmonization of French, Belgian, Luxembourg, German and English laws
Alcaraz, Hubert. "Le droit à l'intimité devant les juges constitutionnels français et espagnol." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32031.
Full textAlthough the " private life " and the " right of a private life " are often employed, their definition is still very tricky, at a time now in which the protection of the individual and its " reserved sphere " are essential points. Facing the inaccuracy of the two notions, and the important development of the new information technologies, we need to identify the different spaces of personal life, that law tries to protect. We need to distinguish the different protection of the individual's personality: in a positive approach, law will garantee his liberty and, in a defensive approach, it will guarantee a " private sphere ". Our approach reaches to bring to a comparative light the protection of a " reserved sphere " for each individual. It slipts up in two parts: the first part will try to give a definition of the notion of privacy as a fundamental right, and study the contents of its notion and how french and spanish constitutional judges protect it. The first part identifies the specificy, the autonomy and the meaning of the notion of privacy, in an historical and conceptual approach. The second part tries to explain the garantees of the privacy as a fundamental right, and to show the convergence between the french and spanish protection. We try to tackle the contents of this constitutional guarantee and its effects in infra-constitutional law and international law, to show the conflicts that could appear between privacy and the other constitutional interest
Gérard, Christiane. "L'insertion des jeunes à la vie professionnelle en droit français et en droit allemand." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR30017.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to give a detailed description of the integration of young people in the professional world in france and in germany. This integration comes about through vocational training, and through special contracts arising from various employment policies with no vocational training. The aim of this study is two-fold. Firstly the different channels, which enable the young to find employment, are researched and analysed. Secondly a comparison is made between france and germany, concerning these channels and where they lead to. By these means, a decision can be made as to how efficient this integration is, in the face of a job market which is becoming increasingly difficult to enter, especially for young people looking for employment for the first time. This thesis doesn't only study the legal instruments which exist in the two countries, but also includes historical, sociological and economic aspects, with a view to giving a comprehensive overall picture
Panhaleux, Loïc. "La protection des systemes experts par le droit de la propriete intellectuelle : etude comparative de droit francais et de droit americain." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT4006.
Full textExpert system can be defined as the immaterial part of knowledge-based systems. It differs from traditional comuputer programs because its logic is different and because it uses a knowledge base which represents a human expertise. On the one hand; it isa useful article which is patentable. First, the comparative study shows that french and american property law are very similar. Second, it shows that american and franch copyright and patent laws are not very well suited to protect expert systems. For this reason, it is interesting to think of a new form of protection especially designed not only to protect expert systems but also some particular "informational goods"
Parvin, Mohammad-Reza. "Les aspects juridiques de la brevetabilité des inventions biotechnologiques : comparaison internationale." Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020040.
Full textAdam-Ferreira, Béatrice. "La qualité de la vie en tant que justification de décisions de fin de vie en droit comparé (France, Angleterre, Etats-Unis)." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100174.
Full textQuality of life leads to end of life decisions in many fields : abortion, life-sustanding medical treatment withhold and withdrawal, physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia. The analysis of the French, English and American legal treatments of these issues makes quality of life appear under two different angles : as an individual aspiration on the one hand, as a standard on the other hand. Within this framework, we will study quality of life's legal status, its theoretical foundations, its relationships with principles quch as dignity, respect for life and sanctity of life, as well as its eugenic dimensions
Baoutou, A. B. Bahama. "Système éducatif, règlements intérieurs et vie scolaire : repères historiques et approches comparatives France-Togo." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR21002.
Full textNowadays people realize with an acute consciousness educational problems that exist in the world. In France, just as in Togo, there is a certain research for a good quality life, for sharing instruction and education ; people also want to contribute to socialisation and development. The idea of functional and "internal rules" is a modern one in which teachers and students recognise themselves. But the way from severe authoritarianism to democracy wished by everyone is a slow procedure
Favre, Didier. "De l'homogénéité européenne dans l'insuffisante protection de la vie privée." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10012.
Full textBen, Akal Jouini Manel. "Impact des grandes catastrophes sur la performance des (ré)assureurs non-vie européens : comparaison internationale." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10042.
Full textDuring the last two decades, changes have been affected the development of financial intermediation due to the increase of catastrophic risks, especially those relating to the insurance and reinsurance areas. This dissertation focuses on European insurance and reinsurance markets, and provides an assessment of their performance following major risks, in particular big natural and technological disasters. Each chapter provides an analysis of the impact of extreme disasters on the performance of European insurers, testing the tenacity of their loss ratio on one hand (Chapter 1) and studying the variability of their stock returns in the other hand (chapter 2). This study will be extended to conduct an international comparison with American and Japonese insurance markets (Chapter 3). For each market, the role of regulation will be transversally analyzed
Laachrate, Mohamed. "La participation des minoritaires à la vie sociale d’une société anonyme : droits et protection : Étude comparative entre le droit français et le droit marocain." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090076.
Full textFaced with the omnipotence of the majority in limited companies, the legislative has not left the minority defenseless. Many provisions are designed to provide them special protection. But it is not enough to increase and strengthen the rights of minorities. It’s must be that the minority assumes their responsibility by increasing their participation in the company’s activity. My work is to present the two dimensions of exercise of the participation and rights of minorities: both legal and contractual. If the first dimension limits rights, the second one revitalizes theme. So my thesis employs a comparative approach. The goal of my thesis is to detect the inadequacies of the Moroccan legislation, while presenting the French legislation and its evolution and practices
Macadré, Catherine. "Problèmes méthodologiques liés à la comparaison internationale des niveaux de vie dans une perspective historique : application à l'Europe de 1820." Nancy 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN20004.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to indentify the methodological problems in international comparisons of life levels in historical perspective and particularly in Europe in 1820. European societies have undergonedeep changes at the beginning of the XIX's implying various consequences on life levels. This thesis is organized in two parts. The first part compares methodologies of specialists like P. Bairoch and A. Maddison. The second part presents and studies P. Bairoch's physical indicators methodology applied in the Europe at the beginning of the XIX's. Two types of result come out of the first part. Fisrt, we show the importance of the aggregation of the output sets on the basis of Purchasing Power Parities (PPA) to convert the sectoral output value to a common currency. Second, new personal methodologies are satisfactory. Moreover, L. Prado's methodology is particularly effective. The second part emphasises physical indicators like efficient in the determination of life level in 1820. We use wheat , agricultural productivity, consumption of coal, iron and cotton, per capita and a set of demographic data. This macroeconomic is completed by a microeconomic study using prices, nominal and real wages. Finaly, the Huma Development Index (version III) shows that United Kingdom's life level was superior of 30% on the French in 1820
Michon, Bruno. "La culture religieuse des adolescents en France et en Allemagne : des connaissances aux défis de l'exculturation, de la popularisation et de l'altérité." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1030.
Full textIn this work I aim at understanding the broad consensus on the topos of “the loss of religious knowledge among French teenagers”. The research begins with an historical study on this topos. Then, I discuss the issue of the modality of construction, among French and German teenagers, of a "stock of knowledge" about religion. Thanks to a qualitative and quantitative study conducted by means of phenomenological oriented sociology, I have studied the individual knowledge on five different religions : Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism. This research brings to light that informal knowledge (medium, peers group) plays a more effective role than formal knowledge (school, family) in the teenagers contructed ideas about religion, and that this phenomenon works for French teenagers as well as for the Germans. Further, this work reveals the importance of a situation of religious plurality for the acquisition of knowledge about religion. Lastly, I have tried to understand the phenomenon of exculturation (the dissociation of the French and German mainstream culture from Christianity) with the help of the concept of popularization (dissolution of the boundaries between religiously marked and unmarked communication)
Sakkour, Sam. "Etude comparative et expérimentale de l'expression de la douleur chez les patients cancéreux français et syriens." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN1637.
Full textFeng, Shujie. "L' intégration du droit de l'OMC touchant à la propriété intellectuelle dans l'ordre juridique interne : étude comparée franco-chinoise concernant le droit des brevets." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010268.
Full textFaupin, Hervé. "Le contrôle du financement de la vie politique, partis et campagnes." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020077.
Full textFor years, governments have not set the rules to provide funds for the financing of the parties and the politicians in the electoral process. Nowadays, most democracies have enacted laws to regulate their national system of political finances. The first part of the thesis presents the comparison of the legal frameworks between several foreign countries : the united states, germany, italy, canada, belgium, etc. Due to a call for openness in the financing of political parties and politicians, these recent legislations are based on similar principles. Control of political finances seems rather deceptive. The second part deals with french legislation. Several laws have been passed so as to establish a control of political finances. Due to this, french lawmakers have devoted considerable attention to this area : funds used by parties and politicians are theoritically scrutinized; jurisdictions can impose sanctions on guilty candidates. The third part studies the effectivness ot the new laws enacted in france since 1988. Despite some improvements, several aspects of the system of legal control are still questionable. However, regulations is necessary and must be kept
Ould-Braham, Ouahmi. "Émile Masqueray et les études linguistiques berbères." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0125.
Full textEmile Masqueray (1843-1894), university french, has an of Algiers career of the year 1875 until his death, that is to say during nearly twenty years. Its oeuvre embraces several field : archaeology, history, geography, ethnographie-sociology, linguistics. It is precisely the Berber linguistics which is retaine in this thesis. From a new, official or private correspondence, and provision of printed sources, reconstitued various scientific expeditions of Masqueray, as well as elements relating to the intense university life in Algiers. We also could restore the context of production and appreciate this oeuvre properly linguistic of this scientist. The bond with the history and anthropology is ensured by a presentation of three sets : (i) kabyle and mozabite, (ii) Berber-chaouï and (iii) Tuareg-taïtoq. The state of science is well documented, just as for the linguistic ideology
Soleymani, Majd Nina. "Lionnes et colombes : les personnages féminins dans le Cycle de Guillaume d’Orange, la Digénide, et le Châhnâmeh de Ferdowsi." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAL024.
Full textThis work is meant to explore the literary effects of the massive presence of female characters in the medieval epic, despite the paradox it represents, given that these poems deal mainly with war and seem to be primarily concerned with masculinity. The research focuses on three major epics from France, Byzantium and Persia, composed between the 11th and the 13th century. The study of female characters from a comparative point of view emphasizes their impact on the narrative, contrasts their submissiveness with their independance from their male counterparts, and sheds light upon the misogynistic stereotypes as well as the positive appreciations among their literary representations. Since the epic genre has been recently redefined as the ideal locus for the confronting of antithetic social values through the use of narratological tools, rather than conceptual, we would like to show that this can also apply to gender norms. Because their agency becomes problematic as soon as it challenges that of men, women in epics bring on a constant inquiry of those norms. Be it indirect or straightforward, this latent tendency gives rise to a specifically feminine transgression that, when leading to heroism, allows to re-read those works as going against essentialist prejudices
Perrin, Ségolène. "Parenté et parentalité : le rôle du tiers dans la vie de l'enfant : étude de droit comparé européen." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4019.
Full textSignificant societal changes have led more and more children to live in a family setting in which one a third party has exercised or exercises a parental duty. The concept of parenting helps to understand the role of the third party with the child. Neologism derived from the parental adjective, it can be defined as parenthood. In a broad sense, it covers all aspects of parenting: the conception and birth of the child, his education, his material support, that is to say all aspects of parenting from the moment a child is born until he reaches adult status. Kinship and parenthood, normally associated in a traditional family setting, tend to dissociate in certain family configurations. This leads to a plurality of relationships between children and adults outside the legal framework of kinship. These additional relationships raise the problem of the role of third parties. The French law, like other European laws, does not give one single status across the board to the third party because of the diversity of situations. However, the law sometimes takes the third party into consideration. This consideration varies and is imperfect. However, it is in the interest of the child to secure his family configuration. The recognition of the third party’s parenthood must result from an express act of will. The use of kinship can be a satisfactory solution but shows its limits. We therefore have to consider other arguments to legally recognize the role of third parties outside of this rigid framework
Kattan, Imad. "Vie privée et informatique : étude comparative de droit français et droit anglais." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR30018.
Full textIn France, a right of privacy was introduced into the french civil code by the law of 17 july 1970 (a new article 9), which declared that "everyone has the right to trespect for his priv ate life". In England, there is no legal right to privacy as such in the law of England. The protection of privacy is ensured by several cases like (trespass, nuisance, breach of confidence. . . ). The situation of the protection of privacy with regard the computer is different. There is, in France and England, law of data protection with regard to the automatic processing of personal data
Cirino, Alizée. "Les droits des coauteurs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0579.
Full textThe thesis focuses on the ownership of plural works, and more specifically on the rights of co-authors of the same work. The co-activity results in sharing the moral and patrimonial rights that the law confers on the creator over his work. The exercise of these rights varies in time and space. The purpose of this work is, therefore, to study how the rights arising from literary and artistic property are distributed among co-authors, both in their relations and in those they can establish with third parties. It is part of a perspective that is not specifically national but that also makes room for history and comparative law. This thesis aims to study the rights of co-authors in regard to intellectual property. It relates more specifically to the distribution of these rights between co-authors, and between co-authors and third parties
Girault, Carole. "Le droit à l'épreuve des pratiques euthanasiques." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA111009.
Full textMarie-Vivien, Delphine. "Le droit des Indications Géographiques en Inde, un pays de l'Ancien monde face aux droits français, communautaire et international." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00587307.
Full textBorner-Kaydel, Emmanuelle. "La liberté d'expression commerciale : étude comparée sur l'émergence d'une nouvelle liberté fondamentale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1009.
Full textThe freedom of speech takes place in differents domains, and receives protection from the national constitutions and international conventions. However, concerning the commercial domain, the question of its protection may be asked. The recognition of a constitutional and conventional protection of the commercial speech is the result of many turnovers Court, but still remains disputed by some doctrine. To devote the commercial speech as a constitutional right can not only strengthen its protection, but also to create a connection between economy and the consitutional rights. Indeed, the economic nature of the commercial speech is in the middle of the discussions which it is the object, and causes it to be confronted on the one hand with the other constitutional rights, and on the other hand with the right of intellectual property and of new technologies. The presence of the commercial speech in these reflects the spread of the constitutional rights in the whole law. Finally, the recognition of this new constitutional right, under both civil and economic rights, highlights a revitalisation of the classifications' typologies of the constitutional rights
Youssef, Mohammed. "Le contrat d'entreprise et la propriété intellectuelle : étude en droit français et syrien." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1028.
Full textThe specificity of the subject of intellectual property entitled to a singularity of the contract of enterprise regime. The assertion is evident both on the literary and artistic property as about industrial property and therefore called the search for a general theory.Concerning the literary and artistic property, the existence of moral rights of the author disrupts the contractual relationship and justify the implementation of an important formalism. The aim of the legislator is then to try to protect the author, seen as the weak party to face the project Owner. And although some exceptions have been introduced, they remain insufficient. Nevertheless, such a method "principle - exception" proves alternately unnecessary or harmful, so the exceptions should be converted into common rule. For example, the initial attribution of copyright to the Owner project under the collective work or software should be generalized.If the protection provided to the contractor under the law of literary and artistic property thus appears excessive, it is insufficient otherwise under the law of industrial property. Indeed, despite identical basis, the contract of enterprise for industrial property rights is governed by the provisions of the Civil Code, which do not protect the author or creator. Thus, in this context, the inventor does not have a right to remuneration proportional because the economic aspect dominates all stages of the contractual relationship, obtaining creation to its exploitation. Nevertheless, the rules of the attribution of the right to creation industrial are not clear
Faria-Fortecoëf, Clarisse. "Formation tout au long de la vie en Europe : approche comparée exploratoire centrée sur l'initiative individuelle : le cas de la France et du Portugal." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083809.
Full textWith the introduction of specific legal frameworks to training, as part of the Lisbon strategy and which aims at achieving the objectives of the European Union by 2010, European countries like France and Portugal, provide a favourable framework to the employee with for example, the creation of a right to the education or training, in which the different actors have a new role to play. The individual is thus expected to become actor of his development throughout life. After having seen how progressively we moved from a context of continuing education or lifelong education to the one of lifelong vocational education and training in Europe, the research has for goal to be situated in the comparative education field by producing an approach centred on individual initiative. The question then becomes: Beyond the cultural, economical, social and historical diversities, what has been set up in France and Portugal for addressing the problematic of Lifelong Learning and what is the individual initiative degree that it means or involves?A contextualization work based on official documents, programs, implementations, investigations and testimonials, represents the opportunity to bring out the common trends and the dimension or significance of the differences between the both studied countries. The research then tries to establish links, by scale changing between a macro and a meso level (historical and legal frameworks, programs, devices, implementations, etc. ) as well as with a micro level (individual paths), and suggests an exploratory comparative approach of four educational individual trajectories. Finally, by focusing on individual paths, a new problematization of the individual initiative in training, is proposed: How does an individual who learns on his own initiative use the available schemes to build his project and individualize his educational path?
Lucas-Schloetter, Agnès. "Droit moral et droits de la personnalité : étude de droit comparé français et allemand." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010332.
Full textGarane, Abdullahi Garane. "Gli intellettuali fiorentini (1250-1350) : Dante, Petrarca, Boccaccio." Grenoble 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE39018.
Full textLouis, Axelle. "L’évolution contemporaine de la notion de brevetabilité : étude en droit français et européen." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1010.
Full textThe impressive increase of patent applications, the advent of new technologies but also the numerous challenges that the patent system has to face invite to look at the way the notion of patentability copes with the evolution of art and practices. The present study analyses the evolution of the notion of patentability by observing at first the widening of patentability field, before looking at the softening.of patentability criteria. The means of this evolution toward a wider protection are the absence of any legal definition of invention and the successive backward movement of patentability exclusions. It is shown that industrial application must be seen as part of the ivention definition and not as a criterion. It also appears that in reaction to the complexification of technologies and the pressure of economic actors, novelty and non-obviousness criteria have been largely softened. The conclusion of the study is that the decrease of the patentability threshold and the increase of bad quality patents have a negative impact on innovation
Dudt, Muriel. "Dynamiques des relations filles-garçons dans les quartiers populaires : la solidarité en tension : une comparaison franco-allemande." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG028.
Full textThis PhD thesis aims at studying the dynamics of the relationships between boys and girls – descendants of migrants – living in two deprived neighborhoods, in France and Germany, in which specific public policies have been implemented: the “politique de la ville” in France, and the “Soziale Stadt” in Germany. The originality of this research resides in the fact that gender relations are analyzed considering a tension between solidarity and competition. The analysis, based on life stories and on a multi-sited ethnography, underlines the effects of the educational strategies of the parents, of the school and work experiences of the children, as well as of their involvement in more or less gender egalitarian “normative poles” in their neighborhood, on the dynamics of solidarity and competition. Solidarity between boys and girls seems to be a useful resource during the transition into adulthood. It is especially used in order fight different kinds of domination. Solidarity is not fixed, but dynamic. It appears and disappears, must be negociated and re-negociated, changes its form depending of the contexts and interactions. It is what I call a solidarité en tension
Vaz, Paralta Sara Sofia. "Longevity and saving for retirement." Paris 9, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA090022.
Full textSaving for retirement is a decision that depends on many factors. Firstly, it depends on the disposable income and future expected income. Secondly, the composition of households and the ages of individuals are determinant. Thirdly, it depends on the composition of net wealth and, finally, longevity during working life and retirement period. The life-cycle theory explains the consumption and saving decisions in function of the different phases in life. During childhood, the individual consumes and receives his education. In a second stage, the individual actively consumes, produces and saves. In a third phase, the individual uses his accumulated net wealth, including the amount of social security wealth, to finance his consumption of life-cycle during retirement. The social models ensure a substitution income and access to benefits in every stage of life, causing an impact on consumption and saving decisions. In this dissertation, saving behaviour is analysed by considering the impact of longevity in different countries representative of the various European Social Models, i. E. Sweden (Nordic Model), France (Continental Model), Portugal (Mediterranean Model) and the UK (Anglo-Saxon Model)
Markellou, Marina. "Les contrats d'exploitation de droit d'auteur en droit comparé (Allemagne, France, Grèce)." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10053.
Full textThe explosion of digitised information has strongly questioned the existence of the copyright system. We are at present in a highly transitional state and the crucial question that arises is what should be the author's position in the copyright system in general. The contractual copyright law is therefore called to determine in a more precise way this position of the author into the system. The contractual copyright law is, indeed, an important instrument susceptible to guarantee an equitable balance of the opposing interests, while assuring an effective protection of the author, who is considered as the weakest party of the contract. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to examine the German, French and Hellenic main rules which govern the copyright contracts of exploitation. This comparative analysis will allow us to bring to light the convergences of these three legislations in order to facilitate a European harmonization in the near future. Based essentially on a detailed treatment of this question, which was until now rarely explored, this study aims at arousing a deeper reflection in this domain