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Marsden, Beth. "“The system of compulsory education is failing”." History of Education Review 47, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-11-2017-0024.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the ways in which the mobility of indigenous people in Victoria during the 1960s enabled them to resist the policy of assimilation as evident in the structures of schooling. It argues that the ideology of assimilation was pervasive in the Education Department’s approach to Aboriginal education and inherent in the curriculum it produced for use in state schools. This is central to the construction of the state of Victoria as being devoid of Aboriginal people, which contributes to a particularly Victorian perspective of Australia’s national identity in relation to indigenous people and culture. Design/methodology/approach This paper utilises the state school records of the Victorian Department of Education, as well as the curriculum documentation and resources the department produced. It also examines the records of the Aborigines Welfare Board. Findings The Victorian Education Department’s curriculum constructed a narrative of learning and schools which denied the presence of Aboriginal children in classrooms, and in the state of Victoria itself. These representations reflect the Department and the Victorian Government’s determination to deny the presence of Aboriginal children, a view more salient in Victoria than elsewhere in the nation due to the particularities of how Aboriginality was understood. Yet the mobility of Aboriginal students – illustrated in this paper through a case study – challenged both the representations of Aboriginal Victorians, and the school system itself. Originality/value This paper is inspired by the growing scholarship on Indigenous mobility in settler-colonial studies and offers a new perspective on assimilation in Victoria. It interrogates how curriculum intersected with the position of Aboriginal students in Victorian state schools, and how their position – which was often highly mobile – was influenced by the practices of assimilation, and by Aboriginal resistance and responses to assimilationist practices in their lives. This paper contributes to histories of assimilation, Aboriginal history and education in Victoria.
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Nanayakkara, Janandani, Claire Margerison, and Anthony Worsley. "Food professionals’ opinions of the Food Studies curriculum in Australia." British Food Journal 119, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 2945–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-02-2017-0112.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the food system professionals’ opinions of a new senior secondary school food literacy curriculum named Victorian Certificate of Education Food Studies in Victoria, Australia. Design/methodology/approach A purposive sample of 34 food system professionals from different sub-sectors within the Australian food system was interviewed individually in late 2015 and early 2016. Interviews were analysed using the template analysis technique. Findings Most participants appreciated the extensive coverage of food literacy aspects in this new curriculum. However, many suggested amendments to the curriculum including pay less emphasis on food history-related topics and pay more focus on primary food production, nutrition awareness and promotion, and food security, food sovereignty, social justice, and food politics. Practical implications A well-structured, comprehensive secondary school food literacy curriculum could play a crucial role in providing food literacy education for adolescents. This will help them to establish healthy food patterns and become responsible food citizens. The findings of this study can be used to modify the new curriculum to make it a more comprehensive, logical, and feasible curriculum. Moreover, these findings could be used to inform the design of new secondary school food literacy curricula in Australia and other countries. Originality/value The exploration of perspectives of professionals from a broad range of food- and nutrition-related areas about school food literacy education makes this study unique. This study highlights the importance of food professionals’ opinions in secondary school food-related curricula development.
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Bryant, Catherine, and Bruno Mascitelli. "The “special experiment” in languages." History of Education Review 47, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-01-2017-0002.
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Purpose The Victorian School of Languages began on the margins of the Victorian education system in 1935 as a “special experiment” supported by the Chief Inspector of Secondary Schools, J.A Seitz. The purpose of this paper is to present a historical analysis of the first 15 years of the “special experiment” and it reports on the school’s fragile beginnings. Design/methodology/approach The historical analysis draws on archival materials, oral sources and other primary documents from the first 15 years of the Saturday language classes, to explore its fragile role and status within the Victorian education system. Findings The Saturday language classes were experimental in nature and were initially intended to pilot niche subjects in the languages curriculum. Despite support from influential stakeholders, widespread interest and a promising response from teachers and students, the student enrolments dwindled, especially in the war years. As fate would have it, the two languages initially established (Japanese and Italian) faced a hostile war environment and only just survived. Questions about the continuing viability of the classes were raised, but they were championed by Seitz. Originality/value To date, this is one of few scholarly explorations of the origins of the Victorian School of Languages, a school which became a model for Australia’s other State Specialist Language Schools. This paper contributes to the literature about the VSL, a school that existed on the margins but played a pioneering role in the expansion of the language curriculum in Victoria.
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Nanayakkara, Janandani, Claire Margerison, and Anthony Worsley. "Teachers’ perspectives of a new food literacy curriculum in Australia." Health Education 118, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-05-2017-0024.
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Purpose Implementation of a new food literacy curriculum provides multiple health and social benefits to school students. The success of any new curriculum execution is partly determined by teachers’ perceptions about the new curriculum contents, and barriers and challenges for its delivery. The purpose of this paper is to explore teachers’ views of a new food literacy curriculum named Victorian Certificate of Education Food Studies for senior secondary school students in Victoria, Australia. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative study design was used in this study. In total, 14 teachers who were planning to teach the new curriculum were individually interviewed in October-December 2016. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using the template analysis technique. Findings The majority of teachers appreciated the inclusion of food literacy and nutrition concepts in the new curriculum. However, half of the teachers had doubts about their readiness to teach it. Most teachers mentioned that they needed more training and resources to increase their confidence in teaching the curriculum. Practical implications These findings reveal that teachers need more awareness, resources, and guidance to increase their confidence in delivering the new curriculum. Provision of more resources and opportunities for training in food literacy concepts and instructional methods could facilitate its implementation. Originality/value These findings serve as an important first step to gain the perspectives of secondary school teachers’ opinions about the new curriculum. Moreover, these opinions and suggestions could inform the future design and implementation of similar food literacy curricula in Australia or elsewhere.
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Burke, Harry. "Marching backwards into the future: the introduction of the English creative music movement in state secondary schools in Victoria, Australia." British Journal of Music Education 31, no. 1 (September 2, 2013): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051713000235.
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In 1910, Victoria established an elite form of state secondary education that remained essentially unchanged until the introduction of a progressive curriculum during the late 1960s. This radical and voluntary curriculum introduced child-centred learning and personal development skills to state secondary schools. Many state secondary music teachers took advantage of the reform and introduced the English creative music movement (Rainbow, 1989). As music teachers were unfamiliar with progressive education they would require extensive retraining. Continual disruption to state secondary education during the 1970s, together with the lack of expertise in progressive music education in the Victorian Education Department led to music teachers being given little assistance in developing strategies for teaching creative music. No rationale was developed for creative music education until the late 1980s. As research in music education was in its infancy in Australia during the late 1960s, teachers had little understanding of the difficulties faced by many creative music teachers in England in regard to students developing traditional skills, for example music notation and performance-based skills. Dissatisfaction with progressive education led to the introduction of standards-based education in 1995. Progressive educational theories were no longer considered an important goal. Similar to the late 1960s Victorian education reforms, music teachers received little assistance from the Victorian Education Department. The introduction of standards-based Arts education has seriously reduced the teaching of classroom music throughout the state, leaving many classroom music programmes in a perilous position that is analogous to state music education before the introduction of progressive education in the late 1960s.
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Gough, Annette. "Achieving “Sustainability Education” in Primary Schools as a Result of the Victorian Science in Schools Research Project." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 20, no. 2 (2004): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600002184.
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AbstractScience education in the Australian primary school curriculum is a relatively rare event. Several studies over the past twenty five years have all reported disappointingly low amounts of science being taught and the reluctance of primary school teachers to make science a priority in their teaching. Similar outcomes have been reported for environmental education. Even though primary aged children are very interested in science and the environment, primary school teachers often struggle to teach science/environmental education because they are not confident and competent in the content, lack curriculum resources and equipment, have inadequate time to prepare, and have difficulty finding a place for science/environmental education in what they perceive as an already overcrowded curriculum. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the experiences of primary schools involved in the Victorian Science in Schools Research Project which was concerned with improving science teaching and learning strategies but which also unexpectedly led to more environmental (“sustainability”) education occurring. The paper will also suggest a curriculum strategy for achieving more widespread acceptance and implementation of “sustainability education” through primary school science curricula.
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Bayley, Susan N., and Donna Yavorsky Ronish. "Gender, modern languages and the curriculum in Victorian England." History of Education 21, no. 4 (December 1992): 363–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0046760920210402.
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Eilam, Efrat, Veerendra Prasad, and Helen Widdop Quinton. "Climate Change Education: Mapping the Nature of Climate Change, the Content Knowledge and Examination of Enactment in Upper Secondary Victorian Curriculum." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020591.
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Climate change (CC) is widely accepted as the major threat of our time, posing unprecedented challenges to humanity. Yet very little is known regarding the ways in which upper-secondary curricula address the need to educate about this crisis. This study contributes to the field of CC education theoretically and empirically. From the theoretical perspective, the study contributes two CC conceptualisation frameworks: a characterisation of the nature of CC, and a mapping of the scope of CC content knowledge. The empirical contribution consists of examining CC education implementation within upper-secondary curriculum in the state of Victoria, Australia. Specifically we examined the CC conceptualisation and the scope of content present in the Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE) study designs. A total of 10 out of 94 study designs qualified for examination through referencing CC. The findings suggest that none of the study designs present a complete conceptualisation of the nature of CC. Common conceptualisations within the study designs perceive CC as a cause or an outcome, a problem of management, or of technological efficiency. CC content within the study designs is limited, and presents misconceptions, including the assumption that CC is a natural change caused by astronomical and solar systems. A cross-curriculum integration approach within the study designs is found to be ineffective. We conclude that CC presents a paradigm shift which brings about the new discipline of CC. There is a need for curricula reforms to address and incorporate CC as a coherent body of knowledge.
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Hooper, Carole. "Access and exclusivity in nineteenth-century Victorian schools." History of Education Review 45, no. 1 (June 6, 2016): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-02-2014-0010.
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Purpose – In the mid nineteenth-century Victorian government-aided schools were patronised by a broad spectrum of the community, many of whom sought a higher, or “middle-class”, education for their children. The various educational boards responsible for the administration of the public system, while not objecting to the provision of advanced tuition, were determined to ensure it was not offered on a socially selective basis. The purpose of this paper is to examine how accusations that some schools had engaged in socially selective practices led to the eventual removal of higher subjects from the curriculum. Design/methodology/approach – Documentary evidence, particularly the correspondence between the central educational boards and the local school committees, is examined to assess the validity of the claims and counter claims made by those involved. Findings – It appears that administrators used accusations of social exclusion to justify the removal of advanced subjects from the curriculum; with the result that it was not until state high schools were established early in the twentieth century that a higher education was again offered in the public sector. Originality/value – The paper looks at an area of educational provision that has attracted little attention from researchers.
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Slaughter, Yvette, and John Hajek. "Community languages and LOTE provision in Victorian primary schools." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 7.1–7.22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/aral0707.
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Primary school languages education continues to be a challenging issue for all states in Australia. In Victoria, LOTE study is provided at the primary level to address the needs of linguistically diverse communities, as well as to provide an enriching learning experience for monolingual speakers of English. The challenge remains to ensure that programs that are run are effective, address the needs of the community and are embraced as a valuable and enriching component of the school curriculum. This study looks at the provision of LOTE in 2003 in Victorian primary schools and in particular, through an analysis of the geographical location of community groups and primary LOTE programs, how effectively community needs are being met. We also analyse the nature of LOTE programs through an examination of teachers’ qualifications, time allotment and program type. Factors identified by some schools as impinging on LOTE study at the primary level, such as literacy concerns and multilingual diversity, will also be examined.
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Slaughter, Yvette, and John Hajek. "Community languages and Lote provision in Victorian Primary Schools." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 30, no. 1 (2007): 7.1–7.22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.30.1.05sla.
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Primary school languages education continues to be a challenging issue for all states in Australia. In Victoria, LOTE study is provided at the primary level to address the needs of linguistically diverse communities, as well as to provide an enriching learning experience for monolingual speakers of English. The challenge remains to ensure that programs that are run are effective, address the needs of the community and are embraced as a valuable and enriching component of the school curriculum. This study looks at the provision of LOTE in 2003 in Victorian primary schools and in particular, through an analysis of the geographical location of community groups and primary LOTE programs, how effectively community needs are being met. We also analyse the nature of LOTE programs through an examination of teachers’ qualifications, time allotment and program type. Factors identified by some schools as impinging on LOTE study at the primary level, such as literacy concerns and multilingual diversity, will also be examined.
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Ryan, Brendan. "Revising the Agenda for a Democratic Curriculum." Australian Journal of Education 30, no. 1 (April 1986): 66–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494418603000104.
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This article argues that current socio-educational theorizing licenses a further restriction of opportunities for socially significant educational interventions. Recent major reports on education in South Australia identify technological change as decisive. Moreover, their emphasis upon its supposedly abstract character leads to a narrowly technocratic assessment of its ‘increasing complexities’ and ‘more pervasive influence’. This leads to a push to re-centralize curricular control, notably in those high-status areas nominated as necessary for national scientific and economic development. My analysis also reveals that this official sponsorship of tighter central (i.e. departmental) controls has a strong politico-economic basis because ‘necessary efficiencies' are emphasized at this time of increasing fiscal difficulties. Furthermore, I document the existence of a more narrowly technical emphasis in teacher education, and contend that this will increasingly foster a ‘silent’ acceptance of departmental control of the curriculum by teachers-to-be. I cite recent empirical evidence on teaching practices and attitudes in Australian schools to indicate that the re-centralization of curricular control would formalize—and, of course, extend—what is already the case. Furthermore, I demonstrate the general significance of these basic assumptions about the curriculum and its practices through an analysis of their probable impact upon typical conditions of teaching and upon ‘progressive’ policy initiatives (notably the Victorian Ministerial Papers). I examine at length the broader socio-cultural implications of centralist and technicist curricular assumptions. I conclude by outlining oppositional strategies: these are characterized by broadly based socio-educational interventions and an alternative formulation of what constitutes ‘really useful knowledge’ in ‘an advanced technological society’.
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Blackmore, Jill. "Curriculum, assessment and certification: Contested reforms in Victorian secondary education 1930–60." Melbourne Studies in Education 32, no. 1 (January 1991): 11–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17508489109556237.
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Filipi, Anna, Minh Hue Nguyen, and Amanda Berry. "Science and EAL teachers’ perspectives and practices in building word knowledge in implementing the new Victorian EAL curriculum." TESOL in Context 31, no. 1 (March 22, 2023): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/tesol2022vol31no1art1533.
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The recent implementation of The Victorian Curriculum F-10: EAL requires content teachers who teach EAL students to be familiar with the revised EAL curriculum for the purposes of planning and developing approaches to assist learners’ development in English. In the literature and in curriculum frameworks, word knowledge is considered an important aspect of EAL students’ learning. However, little is known about what pedagogical practices teachers across the curriculum perceive as being important, and use, in developing EAL students’ vocabulary. In this study, we investigated linguistically responsive vocabulary teaching in a Year 7 science class. Our aim was to elucidate teachers’ perceptions and practices in teaching vocabulary in science. The qualitative case study drew on principles of linguistically responsive instruction (LRI), which refers to practices for meeting the needs of students in culturally and linguistically diverse classrooms. Analysis of interview and classroom data from an EAL teacher and a science teacher revealed a range of LRI practices for developing word knowledge based on understanding the distinction between conversational and academic language, language learning principles, responsive teacher talk, plurilingual awareness, and the importance of social interaction for learners. We offer recommendations for a whole school approach to LRI, adaptation to online LRI, and curriculum development.
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Brennan, Marie. "Conditions for broad-based curriculum scholarship: reflections on Victorian infrastructure for supporting curriculum workers in the 1970s and 1980s." Curriculum Perspectives 38, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41297-017-0035-5.
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Brookes, Andrew. "Outdoor Education: Environmental Education Reinvented, or Environmental Education Reconceived?" Australian Journal of Environmental Education 5 (August 1989): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600002111.
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AbstractIn most Victorian schools outdoor education has meant the weekend bushwalk or the end of year camp. It has been extra-curricula. But that is changing.Outdoor education appears poised to achieve subject status is Victoria. It is included in official curriculum developments and is served by recognised specialist tertiary courses.Outdoor education has been distinguished from physical education by its focus on environmental education, and a converse argument probably applies. But is the environmental education which occurs in outdoor education distinguished by anything other than an association with adventure activities? After all, field trips are not a new idea.This paper argues that the distinctiveness of outdoor education as a form of environmental education is derived from its physical and conceptual isolation from schooling. Conceptual isolation provides the opportunity to construct powerfully affective forms of de-schooled environmental education.The ways in which an outdoor education context can provide different situational constraints from those existing in schools or other institutions are outlined. An action research project is used to exemplify ways in which teachers might reconceive education within those new constraints.The paper concludes that outdoor education can allow powerful forms of environmental education to develop, but that a technocratic rationalisation of the field associated with its increasing institutionalisation threatens to negate that potential.
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Bischof, Christopher Robert. "“A Home for Poets”: The Liberal Curriculum in Victorian Britain's Teachers' Training Colleges." History of Education Quarterly 54, no. 1 (February 2014): 42–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12046.
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In the 1850s, at St. Mark's training college in Chelsea, London, ten students regularly violated the “lights out” rule in the evening at the end of long, exhausting days. Desirous of increasing their culture and general knowledge, they gave over half an hour every evening before sleep to what they styled, after the working-class clubs of the same name, “a mutual improvement society” in which they took turns giving lectures on a wide range of topics. They were not alone: throughout the second half of the nineteenth century, teachers-in-training across Britain supplemented their already daunting workload by writing poetry, reading novels, discussing Shakespeare, and holding debates about pressing social and political questions. From the perspective of many Victorian observers and historians today, this anecdote is an anomaly, an aberration that carries little weight in telling the story of the training colleges in which the majority of teachers in Victorian Britain eventually came to receive an education. For them, training colleges were the sites of rote memorization and pedagogical learning. Though some educationalists called for a more liberal curriculum for teachers, according to this view, teachers' education only began to emphasize expansive reading, original thinking, the cultivation of the individual, and general curiosity beginning in the 1890s with the rise of day training colleges affiliated with universities.
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Korda, Andrea. "Object Lessons in Victorian Education: Text, Object, Image." Journal of Victorian Culture 25, no. 2 (January 8, 2020): 200–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jvcult/vcz064.
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Abstract Lessons on common objects, known as ‘object lessons’, were a customary occurrence in Victorian schoolrooms. This article looks at Victorian object lessons around mid-century as a means of examining the variety of meanings that common objects, and particularly manufactured objects, might have held both inside and outside Victorian schoolrooms. While model scripts for object lessons circulated widely and clarified the meaning of common objects in print, the objects themselves had the potential to complicate and challenge these meanings. Drawing primarily on publications by Elizabeth Mayo and the Home and Colonial School Society (established in 1836), this article outlines the theological, industrial and imperialist ways of looking that informed the model object lesson. Yet close study of the objects employed in object lessons – feathers, an object lesson specimen box, and a series of illustrations of animals – demonstrates how full sensory engagement with material objects can disrupt these disciplined ways of looking and learning. The final section of the article describes the decline of object lesson pedagogies once they were established within the official curriculum for England and Wales over the course of the 1880s and 1890s. Increasingly, pictures and nature study came to replace common objects in Victorian schoolrooms, and had their own implications for the ways that schoolchildren were taught to look at and learn from the world around them.
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Murdoch, Lydia, and Susan Zlotnick. "Leaving Victorian Studies Behind: The Case of Vassar College." Global Nineteenth-Century Studies 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/gncs.2022.9.
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Much of the recent reflection on nineteenth-century global studies has focused on research, graduate program(me)s, or upper-level courses. This essay recounts the transformation of the Program in Victorian Studies at Vassar College, one of the few institutions in North America offering an undergraduate degree in Victorian Studies, into a global nineteenth-century studies program. The new multidisciplinary program prioritizes teaching at the 100-level in order to prepare students to take a global perspective into advanced courses. Its introductory team-taught course, ‘Revolution, Evolution, and the Global Nineteenth Century’, is the place where the Vassar faculty work out both the practical and theoretical challenges of teaching ‘the global’, such as how to incorporate non-Anglophone materials as well as science and technology into a global curriculum. The course - and the program more broadly - constitute a serious effort to decolonize the study of the nineteenth century at the undergraduate level.
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Brown, Trent D., and Rachael J. Whittle. "Physical literacy: a sixth proposition in the Australian/Victorian Curriculum: Health and Physical Education?" Curriculum Studies in Health and Physical Education 12, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 180–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25742981.2021.1872036.
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Armstrong, Lauren. "Multiplicities in early childhood reform engagement in Victorian long day care centres: Discourse, position and practice." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 44, no. 3 (June 18, 2019): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1836939119855558.
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Change is not a new concept in the Australian early childhood sector. However, the rate of change has significantly increased throughout the last decade, specifically with the introduction of the curriculum and quality frameworks, changes to regulations, and subsequent reviews (some particularly affecting the Victorian long day care sector). The rapid timeline of these reforms created challenges for early childhood professionals who needed to understand, interpret and translate multiple changes to their practice. This paper presents some key findings from a poststructural study involving 11 participants from the Victorian long day care sector. Foucauldian Discourse Analysis has been applied to explore how reform discourses shape and reshape the positioning and engagement of professionals within the reform process. These findings reveal how specific subject positions and discursive practices within available discourses of knowledge, teacher education and workplace can either challenge and/or support early childhood professionals in their ability to engage in reform.
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Love, Penelope, Alison Booth, Claire Margerison, Caryl Nowson, and Carley Grimes. "Food and nutrition education opportunities within Australian primary schools." Health Promotion International 35, no. 6 (January 17, 2020): 1291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz132.
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Abstract Schools are regarded as a key setting for obesity prevention, providing an opportunity to reach a large number of children, frequently and over a prolonged period, through formal and informal opportunities to learn about health behaviours. However, the low value placed on health versus academic achievement is a barrier to effective implementation of food and nutrition (F&N) education. This study used a qualitative exploratory approach to explore the views of teachers and key health and education sector stakeholders regarding opportunities for F&N education within the Australian primary school setting. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore this topic from the perspectives of state-level coordination and development through to local-level implementation and support within the Australian primary school context. Only 2.6% of the Victorian Curriculum related to F&N education, taught through two (of seven) learning outcomes: Health and Physical Education, and Technologies. While stakeholders considered child health a priority, and schools an ideal setting for F&N education, barriers included a lack of strategic policy alignment, limited leadership and coordination, a ‘crowded curriculum’ and poor availability of shelf-ready resources with explicit curriculum links. A cross-curriculum approach was considered essential for F&N education to become embedded as a core component of the curriculum.
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Sibbald, Tim. "The Role of Subject Associations in Leadership." International Journal for Leadership in Learning 22, no. 1 (June 20, 2022): 425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/ijll17.
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There is little research regarding subject associations though they have existed and contributed to education since Victorian times. Many jurisdictions report having many subject associations that share characteristic activities of conferences, workshops, publishing, and curriculum supports. These often foster grassroots leadership development that can, but do not have to, interact with formal school board defined leadership hierarchies. This article considers how subject associations fit with different theories of leadership including hierarchal and instructional leadership, transformational leadership, and distributed leadership. Difficulties with existing models of leadership are clarified and suggest issues suited to systematic research.
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Paatsch, Louise, Kirsten Hutchison, and Anne Cloonan. "Literature in the Australian English Curriculum: Victorian Primary School Teachers’ Practices, Challenges and Preparedness to Teach." Australian Journal of Teacher Education 44, no. 3 (March 2019): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v44n3.4.
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Bessant, Bob. "The role of corporate Managment in the reassertion of Government control over the curriculum of Victorian schools." Melbourne Studies in Education 29, no. 1 (January 1987): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17508488709556220.
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Leigh-Lancaster, David, and Kaye Stacey. "Evolution over Two Decades of CAS-Active Senior Secondary Mathematics Curriculum and Assessment." Mathematics 10, no. 13 (July 3, 2022): 2333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10132333.
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The Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority (VCAA) introduced the use of Computer Algebra System (CAS) technology (calculator and software) into the senior secondary mathematics curriculum and examination assessment in three phases, starting with a research-based pilot from 2000, followed by parallel implementation of CAS and non-CAS subjects from 2006 and culminating in transition to CAS-assumed subjects in 2010. This paper reports reflections on these developments over two decades from the perspectives of a researcher and the state mathematics manager (the authors) in consultation with four implementing teachers (the consultants). The authors critically examined the strategic design decisions that were made for the initiative over time. Then, with contributions from the four consultants, technical design issues relating to assessment and to teaching and the changes over a decade were investigated. A range of modifications have been made over the two decades, driven by changes in device capability and progressively increasing teaching expertise. The place of CAS in senior mathematics is now widely accepted, partly because an examination component not allowing any technology has been implemented. Examination questions have become more general, which may have added difficulty, but more questions involve setting up a real situation mathematically.
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Kertesz, Margaret, Cathy Humphreys, Lisa Young Larance, Dave Vicary, Anneliese Spiteri-Staines, and Georgia Ovenden. "Working with women who use force: a feasibility study protocol of the Positive (+)SHIFT group work programme in Australia." BMJ Open 9, no. 5 (May 2019): e027496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027496.
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IntroductionThis study assesses the feasibility of the Positive Shift (+SHIFT) programme in the context of legal responses and social welfare provision in the state of Victoria, Australia.The +SHIFT programme, adapted from the Vista curriculum, is a group work and case management programme for women who use force. Building on traditional survivor support group strengths, the programme facilitates participants’ engagement with viable alternatives to force while promoting healing. The study also aims to increase understanding about the characteristics and needs of women who use force in Australia.Methods and analysisThis feasibility study will assess the +SHIFT programme’s appropriateness in addressing women’s use of force in the Victorian context. Process evaluation will be undertaken to identify recruitment, retention, women’s participation, barriers to implementation, the appropriateness of proposed outcome measures and other issues. The feasibility of an outcome evaluation which would employ a longitudinal mixed methods design with measures administered at preprogramme, programme completion and 3 months postprogramme time points, along with semistructured interviews with participants, programme staff and referring professionals, will also be assessed.Ethics and disseminationResearch ethics approval was obtained from the University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee. Results of the study will be communicated to the programme providers as part of the action research process evaluation methodology. On completion, final results will be reported to programme providers and funding bodies, and published in academic journals and presented at national and international conferences.
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Cook, Daniel. "BODIES OF SCHOLARSHIP: WITNESSING THE LIBRARY IN LATE-VICTORIAN FICTION." Victorian Literature and Culture 39, no. 1 (December 6, 2010): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015031000029x.
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In one of the fictive dialogues from his 1872 book The Poet at the Breakfast-Table, Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. dispensed advice to any scholar planning to start a private library: I have a kind of notion of the way in which a library ought to be put together – no, I don't mean that, I mean ought to grow. . . . A scholar must shape his own shell, secrete it one might almost say, for secretion is only separation, you know, of certain elements derived from the material world about us. And a scholar's study, with books lining its walls, is his shell. It isn't a mollusk's shell, either; it's a caddice-worm's shell. (211) Here, the scholar's library entails separation in several senses both physical and ideal. On the one hand, books form a literal carapace insulating the scholar from the outside world – and perhaps even from the distractions of home life. At the same time, the library operates by separation in the sense of discrimination. In accumulating his library, the scholar winnows a vast textual tradition into the manageable dimensions of a single room, and curriculum just enough for a singular human life. Most interesting, however, is the suggestion that the scholar “secretes” the library, as though the books are somehow synthesized from within as an expression of, and memorial to, the scholar's essential self. The caddice worm, as Holmes informs us, “has his special fancy as to what he will pick up and glue together, with a kind of natural cement he provides himself” (211). This may strike us as a crudely glandular way of envisioning the relationship between tradition and the individual talent. Nevertheless, the passage is in keeping with the late-Victorian obsession with the private library, as well as with period representations of the scholar, who is best encountered within a concealing womb of books, carrying on secret exchange with the dusty relics of his own intellectual pilgrimage.
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Buell, Lawrence. "Teaching English in American Universities—1895." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 112, no. 1 (January 1997): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/463055.
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Although modem literary studies in the United States began well before the turn of the century, it was only through gradual evolution that the field acquired a self-conscious pedagogy differentiated from the methods of classical and philological education. A provocative barometer of this emergence is English in American Universities (Boston: Heath, 1895), a late-Victorian collection of twenty-five position statements by professors from leading universities and colleges from coast to coast, assembled by William Morton Payne in large part from papers previously published in the Dial. The following excerpts from this book concern pedagogical ethos (Martin W. Sampson, Univ. of Indiana), pedagogical drill (F. A. March, Lafayette Coll.), the undergraduate English curriculum (Melville B. Anderson, Stanford Univ.), and the premises of comparative literature (Charles Mills Gayley, Univ. of California, Berkeley).
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Williamson, Kirsty. "Independent Learning and the Use of Resources: VCE Australian Studies." Australian Journal of Education 39, no. 1 (April 1995): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419503900106.
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Independent learning and the use of resources are important to most, if not all, Victorian Certificate of Education subjects. This paper reviews the literature on independent learning, preference for resources and the teaching of information skills and then reports on a study carried out during 1990 which focused on the VCE subject, Australian Studies. The study included an examination of attitudes of teachers to independent learning, the use of resources by students and teachers and the level of students' information skills. A significant finding was that many students were not competent in using resources and few teachers were trained in teaching information skills. Information skills teaching was ad hoc and only limited moves had been made to integrate it into the curriculum on a co-ordinated, whole-school basis.
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Herbert, Sandra. "Overcoming Challenges in Assessing Mathematical Reasoning." Australian Journal of Teacher Education 46, no. 8 (August 2021): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2021v46n8.2.
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Despite mathematical reasoning being necessary for in-depth understanding of mathematical concepts, many teacher experience difficulty in assessing it. Data were collected from 34 primary teachers at 4 Victorian government schools at two post- lesson reflective sessions following lessons with a focus on reasoning. These sessions facilitated teachers’ collaborative efforts to assess their students’ reasoning from students’ work samples. The data included transcripts of all the reflective sessions; written work samples; and associated completed rubrics. Analysis of these data enabled identification of seven challenges teachers experienced in assessing reasoning: Limited guidance provided by curriculum documents; Teachers’ knowledge of reasoning; Teacher noticing and interpretation of student reasoning; Students’ difficulties in articulating their reasoning; Assessing progress in reasoning; Inadequacy of work samples; and Challenges in tracking and reporting student progress in reasoning. The discussion presents strategies to overcome these challenges.
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Feeney, Carmel, and G. F. Best. "Transition of integrated students and students with special needs from primary to secondary school." Australasian Journal of Special Education 21, no. 1 (January 1997): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030011200023812.
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Literature regarding the transition of students from primary to secondary school indicates that all students face a number of problems centring around the school environment, academic adjustment (teachers and curriculum) and social environment. These problems are likely to be exacerbated for students with disabilities or special needs. There is limited research into the transition of the general student population from primary to secondary school and virtually none regarding the transition of students with disabilities or special needs. This study concentrated on the transition from primary to secondary school of students with disabilities or special needs in Victorian mainstream Catholic schools. One hundred and ten teachers from 109 schools completed questionnaires. Findings suggested a considerable level of concern for the transition of this particular group of students and support for a number of specific activities and procedures to facilitate smooth transition and communication between school levels. Support was found to be greater in theory than practice.
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Reupert, Andrea, Joanne M. Deppeler, and Umesh Sharma. "Enablers for Inclusion: The Perspectives of Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder." Australasian Journal of Special Education 39, no. 1 (December 18, 2014): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jse.2014.17.
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Although home–school collaborations are important for inclusive education, most studies have identified the problems experienced by parents whose children have additional special needs. The aim of this study was to present the views of Australian parents, with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, regarding what they considered to be the enablers for inclusion, within the context of their experiences of a program of support in inclusive schools (a Victorian State Government initiative called the Inclusion Support Program). Four focus group interviews were conducted, within a phenomenological, qualitative paradigm, with 14 mothers, in rural and urban primary and secondary public schools. Parents identified various innovations including the provision of a safe space, structured school and free time, flexibility around timetable, curriculum and staffing and the provision of socially attractive activities. Another theme was the potential for schools to be a ‘catalyst point’ to bring together parents, teachers and community agencies. The importance of eliciting parental expertise is highlighted here.
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Dowie, Al. "Whatever Ought Not To Be Spoken Of Abroad: Formation (of Medical Students) and Information (of Patients)." Journal of Medical Law and Ethics 3, no. 1 (August 25, 2015): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/221354015x14319325749991.
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Confidentiality has a pre-eminent status in the medical curriculum for ethics, law, and professionalism because it does not depend on prior clinical learning or scientific knowledge, and it provides students with the opportunity to engage in the work of self-formation in professional practice from the very beginning. The historical tendency to romanticise medical professionalism, and confidentiality in particular as a symbol for this, was able to thrive in previous eras as a result of uncertainty around the boundaries of disclosure. To some extent echoes of this romanticism can still be heard today in rhetorical appeals to the Hippocratic tradition despite the development of detailed clarification in frameworks of law, standards, codes, professional regulation, and guidance from the second half of the 20th century. This paper considers two iconic portrayals of medical professionalism from the romantic period of the Victorian past, contrasting that era with the present-day environment of normative codifications. While ethics is commonly approached in an intellectual mode as a discussion of theory, a purely cognitive understanding is deficient on its own since learning in professional ethics must by definition be reified as sets of practices. The shift to the clinical accountability of today means that practices are of central importance to the undergraduate medical curriculum, not least in the area of confidentiality, for which the General Medical Council guidance sets the UK agenda for medical educational approaches to teaching, learning, and assessment, before students repeat the Hippocratic Oath at graduation as they embark on their future careers as doctors.
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Nakagawa, Yoshifumi. "WWOOF Ecopedagogy: Linking ‘Doing’ to ‘Learning’." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 33, no. 1 (December 12, 2016): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aee.2016.30.
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AbstractWWOOF (Willing Workers On Organic Farms) is an increasingly popular form of ecotourism in Australia. An ethnographic study of 10 young adult international tourists was conducted at five rural Victorian WWOOF sites. The objective was to examine the participants’ nature experience. As part of the ethnographic study, this article selectively reports on the ecopedagogy at the WWOOF sites, focusing on the potential linking of spatio-sensory ‘doing’ in the environment and conceptual ‘learning’ about (including from, for, and with) the environment. The WWOOF environment is designed physically, materially, and naturally. These dimensions can be interpreted in overlapping spatial levels. Each spatial level partially correlates with the dominant bodily senses. By analysing the participants’ reflexive accounts of their WWOOF nature experience, this article suggests that their spatio-sensory ‘doing’ contributed to their environmental ‘learning’, which is categorised into three heuristic types. These are called symbolic, transpositional, and transformative. This study empirically and conceptually adds to the literature on experiential environmental learning with a possible ecopedagogical model of incorporating spatialised bodily senses in curriculum design.
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Errington, Edward. "Role Playing and Environmental Issues." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 7 (January 1991): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600001828.
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I wish to make clear from the outset that I am not an environmental educator and therefore do not claim to be steeped in particular contemporary issues. I am aware of environmental concerns from a generalist viewpoint, one which I share with primary teachers expected to deliver environmental educational policy in practice. As an educator and researcher in the area of arts education, I frequently apply role playing methodologies to a range of curriculum areas focusing on human issues and would like to share some insights into its specific application to environmental education. I also wish to state that I have a particular interest in developing a socially critical approach to educational issues, so that the use of role play is coloured by this stance.I have examined a number of policy statements which attempt to influence the content and teaching approaches to environmental education in schools. The Victorian Ministry of Education (1990) Environmental Education makes reference to the importance of student/teacher attitudes, beliefs and dispositions in the social construction of environmental education. Role play deals ‘up front’ with the dispositions of all participants, and thus would seem an ideal vehicle for investigating the human aspects of learning for the environment. The Victorian document (1990: p. 11) further makes clear the approaches teachers should adopt when realising environmental education in practice. Approaches to environmental education should be ‘based on real problems’, ‘clarify values’, be ‘socially critical’ and ‘action oriented’, and also ‘involve students working together in groups’. I wish to demonstrate how this cluster of recommended approaches can be met through the use of role play.The paper has two intentions: The first is to discuss how role play can facilitate recommended environmental education in theory. The second is to show how these ideas may be practically realised during the investigation of a selected issue.
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Towers, Briony. "Children’s knowledge of bushfire emergency response." International Journal of Wildland Fire 24, no. 2 (2015): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf13153.
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In the aftermath of the Black Saturday bushfire disaster, the Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission recommended that bushfire education be made a formal part of the Australian national curriculum. Crucially, the success of any hazards education program depends on the degree to which the learner’s existing knowledge and experience is accommodated in the education process. Yet accommodating children’s knowledge in bushfire education is hampered by a lack of research on how children conceptualise bushfire hazards. To address this gap, this paper presents a detailed qualitative analysis of children’s knowledge of bushfire hazards with a specific focus on emergency response. Across four bushfire-prone locations in south-eastern Australia, 26 focus group interviews were conducted with 87 children aged between 8 and 12 years. To better understand the construction of children’s knowledge, individual interviews were also conducted with 37 parents. Through their engagement in the research process, children demonstrated a capacity for engaging in serious discussions about bushfire hazards and although their knowledge was often characterised by gaps and misconceptions, they also demonstrated a capacity for understanding the fundamental principles of emergency response, particularly when they had been involved in bushfire planning within their household.
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Wriedt, Kimberley, Daryl Oehm, Brendon Moss, and Prem Chopra. "Perinatal mental health cultural responsiveness training – an evaluation." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 9, no. 2 (June 3, 2014): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-05-2013-0020.
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Purpose – Women from culturally and linguistically diverse communities face barriers to accessing perinatal mental health care. Victorian Transcultural Mental Health (VTMH) is a state-wide service in Victoria, Australia, that supports specialist mental health service providers to improve cultural responsiveness. VTMH provided training for perinatal health professionals in cultural responsiveness. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – A curriculum was specifically developed based on a literature review, consultation forum, and input from members of an industry-based reference group. An Evaluation Tool was designed to collect participants’ feedback regarding the perceived relevance of the training content and its impact on practice. Responses were analysed using quantitative techniques and thematic analysis. Findings – Nine face-to-face training sessions were provided, in metropolitan and rural regions. In all, 174 professionals of various backgrounds (including midwives, mental health professionals, and maternal child health nurses) attended. In all, 161 completed evaluations were received and responses indicated that the training was of high relevance to the target workforce, that the training would have implications for their practice, and support was given for further training to be delivered using online methods. Research limitations/implications – First, an assessment of the cultural competence of participants prior to enrolment in the course was not conducted, and no matched control group was available for comparison with the participants. Second, generalisability of these findings to other settings requires further investigation. Third, the sustainability of the project is an area for further study in the future. Fourth, other methods including direct interviews of focus groups with participants may have yielded more detailed qualitative feedback regarding the effectiveness of the programme. Practical implications – To facilitate the sustainability of the project, following the face-to-face training, an online training module and a resource portal were developed, offering links to relevant web sites and resources for health professionals working in this field. Originality/value – The training addressed a significant unmet need for cultural responsiveness training for a diverse range of practitioners in the field of perinatal mental health. Online training can be adapted from face-to-face training and it is anticipated that online training will facilitate the sustainability of this initiative.
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Liang, Zhanming, Sandra G. Leggat, Peter F. Howard, and Lee Koh. "What makes a hospital manager competent at the middle and senior levels?" Australian Health Review 37, no. 5 (2013): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah12004.
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Objective. The purpose of this paper is to confirm the core competencies required for middle to senior level managers in Victorian public hospitals in both metropolitan and regional/rural areas. Methods. This exploratory mixed-methods study used a three-step approach which included position description content analysis, focus group discussions and online competency verification and identification survey. Results. The study validated a number of key tasks required for senior and middle level hospital managers (levels II, III and IV) and identified and confirmed the essential competencies for completing these key tasks effectively. As a result, six core competencies have been confirmed as common to the II, III and IV management levels in both the Melbourne metropolitan and regional/rural areas. Conclusions. Six core competencies are required for middle to senior level managers in public hospitals which provide guidance to the further development of the competency-based educational approach for training the current management workforce and preparing future health service managers. With the detailed descriptions of the six core competencies, healthcare organisations and training institutions will be able to assess the competency gaps and managerial training needs of current health service managers and develop training programs accordingly. What is known about the topic? A competent health service management workforce is critical to the effective functioning of the healthcare system. Consequently, a competency-based educational approach has been proposed to prepare current and future health professionals including health service managers. Although the literature has suggested that core competencies exist for different management levels in different healthcare settings, there has been no study which has provided valuable data to indicate what the core competencies are for hospitals managers in Australian public hospitals. What does this paper add? This paper identified and confirmed that six core competencies are common to middle to senior level managers (levels II-IV) in Victorian public hospitals in both Melbourne metropolitan and regional/rural areas. What are the implications for practitioners? The findings of the study is the first step towards supporting the competency-based educational approach for training and preparing current and future health service managers for their roles. The six identified core competencies provide a very useful guide to the identification of competency gaps and managerial training needs, and the further development of the health service management training curriculum.
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Jackson, Stephen J. "British History is Their History: Britain and the British Empire in the History Curriculum of Ontario, Canada and Victoria, Australia 1930-1975." Espacio, Tiempo y Educación 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2017): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/ete.161.
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This article investigates the evolving conceptions of national identity in Canada and Australia through an analysis of officially sanctioned history textbooks in Ontario, Canada and Victoria, Australia. From the 1930s until the 1950s, Britain and the British Empire served a pivotal role in history textbooks and curricula in both territories. Textbooks generally held that British and imperial history were crucial to the Canadian and Australian national identity. Following the Second World War, textbooks in both Ontario and Victoria began to recognize Britain’s loss of power, and how this changed Australian and Canadian participation in the British Empire/Commonwealth. But rather than advocate for a complete withdrawal from engagement with Britain, authors emphasized the continuing importance of the example of the British Empire and Commonwealth to world affairs. In fact, participation in the Commonwealth was often described as of even more importance as the Dominions could take a more prominent place in imperial affairs. By the 1960s, however, textbook authors in Ontario and Victoria began to change their narratives, de-emphasizing the importance of the British Empire to the Canadian and Australian identity. Crucially, by the late 1960s the new narratives Ontarians and Victorians constructed claimed that the British Empire and national identity were no longer significantly linked. An investigation into these narratives of history will provide a unique window into officially acceptable views on imperialism before and during the era of decolonization.
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Grbich, Carolyn, and Stewart Sykes. "Access to Curricula in Three School Settings for Students with Severe Intellectual Disability." Australian Journal of Education 36, no. 3 (November 1992): 318–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419203600307.
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The area of severe intellectual disability has received little attention in Australian research. This Victorian study examined the issue of access to curricula in post primary school and special school placements for a group of students with severe intellectual disability. Results from the investigation indicated: that parents were generally dissatisfied with the lack of choice available regarding educational placements and the lack of opportunity for them to contribute in a supportive manner to their daughter's/son's schooling: that teachers in post primary schools reported an urgent need for special training or for specialised staff to assist them with curricular modification: and that the female students in this group experienced disadvantage in several curricular areas.
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Angus, Jocelyn. "Leadership: a central tenet for postgraduate dementia services curricula development in Australia." International Psychogeriatrics 21, S1 (April 2009): S16—S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610209008825.
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ABSTRACTBackground: In the next decades of the twenty-first century, the global aging of populations will challenge every nation's ability to provide leadership by qualified health professionals to reshape and improve health care delivery systems. The challenge for educators is to design and deliver courses that will give students the knowledge and skills they need to fill that leadership role confidently in dementia care services. This paper explores the ways in which a curriculum can develop graduates who are ready to become leaders in shaping their industry.Method: The Master of Health Science – Aged Services (MHSAS) program at Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia is applied as a case study to describe the process by which the concept of leadership is applied as the key driver in curriculum development, teaching practices and learning outcomes.Results: Evaluation instruments employed in a variety of purposes including teaching, curriculum planning and unit appraisal are discussed. Challenges for the future are proposed including the need for postgraduate programs in dementia to seek stronger national and international benchmarks and associations with other educational institutions to promote leadership and a vision of what is possible and desirable in dementia care provision.Conclusions: In the twenty-first century, effective service provision in the aged health care sector will require postgraduate curricula that equip students for dementia care leadership. The MHSAS program provides an established template for such curricula.
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Spain, Stephen. "An Alternative Australian Curriculum Model: Vertical Cubic Curriculum." Learning and Teaching 9, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 67–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7459/lt/9.1.06.
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This paper proposes an alternative curriculum model to the current Australian Curriculum, which is underpinned by a Systems Thinking methodology (Capra & Luisi 2014). Entitled a Vertical Cubic Curriculum (VCC), this design takes advantage of intelligent design tools whilst drawing on principles from the Australian Vertical Modular Curriculum (Education Department of Victoria, Australia 1980) and the three-dimensional structure proposed by Wragg’s Cubic Curriculum (Wragg, 1997). The VCC proposes an age mixed, multidimensional curriculum space (Carey, 2016) that promotes student voice and student self-efficacy; enabling teachers and students to co-construct a ‘learning curriculum.’ The VCC employs a cubic structure both as a proposed National Framework and as an implemented Cubic Vertical modular design at school level. The VCC is a highly flexible model that fosters metacognitive learning and formative (diagnostic) assessment as a continuum of development.
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Thomas, Ian. "Australian Tertiary Environmental Courses: A Status Report." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 9 (1993): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600003232.
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During the 1970s and 1980s there has been a growing awareness of the environment. This has been particularly evident in the general community through:• passing of environmental legislation;• growth in status of environment groups;• media coverage of environmental issues.As a result the direction of formal education has been influenced. For example, through the Victorian State Conservation Strategy, the community has indicated the direction for tertiary institutions, where one of the objectives of this strategy is to:promote and strengthen inter-disciplinary environmental education programs in schools and tertiary institutions. (Victorian Government, 1987, p.89)Similarly, the Australian Government's Ecologically Sustainable Development process (ESD) has proposed the incorporation of ESD, in tertiary curricular (Ecologically Sustainable Development Steering Committee, 1992).Linke (1979) has described the development of environmental education curricula during the 1970s whereby consideration of aspects of the environment became more common. Most activity was noted to be in primary and secondary sectors, however, at tertiary level a range of subjects focussing on the environment were apparent, as were several courses which were specifically designed to provide training in environmental understanding.
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Elsworth, Gerald R. "School Size and Diversity in the Senior Secondary Curriculum: A Generalisable Relationship?" Australian Journal of Education 42, no. 2 (August 1998): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419804200205.
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UNDERPINNING the debate on the desirable size of secondary schools is the assumption that larger schools are able to offer a more diverse curriculum and thereby provide greater equality of educational opportunity and outcomes. A detailed study of curriculum provision at Year 12 in Victoria showed that the positive relationship between school size and the number of distinct subjects offered was generalisable across ‘mainstream’ schools and all curriculum fields. But many small schools were able to offer a broad range of subjects, and the increase in diversity with school size was uneven across fields. Furthermore, evidence that students actually enrolled in the additional subjects offered in the larger schools was equivocal. It remains problematic whether the apparent diversity in Year 12 subject offerings achieved in the new, larger, secondary colleges in Victoria has led to a more equitable curriculum.
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Happell, Brenda. "The Implications of Legislative Change on the Future of Psychiatric Nursing in Victoria." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 2 (April 1998): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679809062733.
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Objective: The aim of this paper is to explore the potential implications of the Nurses Act introduced in 1993 upon psychiatric nursing in Victoria. Essentially this Act abolished the existing separate undergraduate education for psychiatric nursing. The focus of this paper is to explore the potential implications of this legislative change to the psychiatric nursing profession, particularly in light of relevant research findings. Method: In order to ascertain the impact of legislative change, a survey of psychiatric nursing content was conducted in Schools of Nursing throughout Victoria. Results: A 100% response rate was achieved. The responses indicated that little alteration had been made to existing general nursing courses to incorporate the change in legislation. The compulsory psychiatric nursing content varies from nil to 17.4% of the total curriculum. Conclusions: The theory and practice of psychiatric nursing constitute only a small proportion of undergraduate curricula. In view of the comparative unpopularity of psychiatric nursing as a career option for undergraduate students, the implications of this situation for the future psychiatric nursing workforce are serious.
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Brown, Victoria, Joanne Williams, Lisa McGivern, Susan Sawyer, Liliana Orellana, Wei Luo, Kylie D. Hesketh, Denise E. Wilfley, and Marj Moodie. "Protocol for economic evaluation alongside the SHINE (Supporting Healthy Image, Nutrition and Exercise) cluster randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (August 2020): e038050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038050.
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IntroductionLimited evidence exists on the cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent obesity and promote healthy body image in adolescents. The SHINE (Supporting Healthy Image, Nutrition and Exercise) study is a cluster randomised control trial (cRCT) aiming to deliver universal education about healthy nutrition and physical activity to adolescents, as well as targeted advice to young people with body image concerns who are at risk of developing disordered eating behaviours. This paper describes the methods for the economic evaluation of the SHINE cRCT, to determine whether the intervention is cost-effective as an obesity prevention measure.Methods and analysisA public payer perspective will be adopted, with intervention costs collected prospectively. Within-trial cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and cost-utility analysis (CUA) will quantify the incremental costs and health gains of the intervention as compared with usual practice (ie, teacher-delivered curriculum). CEA will present results as cost per body mass index unit saved. CUA will present results as cost per quality-adjusted life year gained. A modelled CUA will extend the target population, time horizon and decision context to provide valuable information to policymakers on the potential for incremental cost offsets attributable to disease prevention arising from intervention. Intervention costs and effects will be extrapolated to the population of Australian adolescents in Grade 7 of secondary school (approximate age 13 years) and modelled over the cohort’s lifetime. Modelled CUA results will be presented as health-adjusted life years saved and healthcare cost-savings of diseases averted. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios will be calculated as the difference in costs between the intervention and comparator divided by the difference in benefit. Semi-structured interviews with key intervention stakeholders will explore the potential impact of scalability on cost-effectiveness. These data will be thematically analysed to inform sensitivity analysis of the base case economic evaluation, such that cost-effectiveness evidence is reflective of the potential for scalability.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Deakin University Human Research Ethics Committee (#2017–269) and the Victorian Department of Education and Training (#2018_003630). Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed academic papers and participating schools will receive annual reports over the 3 years of data collection.Trial registration numberACTRN 12618000330246; Pre-results.
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Yu, Nan Sook. "Case Study of Home Economics Curriculum in Victoria Australia." Korean Home Economics Education Association 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.19031/jkheea.2020.06.32.2.19.
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Charleson, A. W. "Seismic design within architectural education." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 30, no. 1 (March 31, 1997): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.30.1.46-50.
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This paper discusses the teaching of earthquake resistant design within schools of architecture. It aims to stimulate discussion on more effective means of teaching the subject, and to suggest ideas and resources for schools whose seismic design curriculum might benefit from further development.
It is argued that seismic design issues should be included and integrated into architecture curricula. The case is based primarily on observations of building failures resulting from flawed architectural design decisions and subsequent critical reaction from within the architectural profession itself. However, another reason is that the large sizes and restrictive layouts of some seismic load resisting systems impact unavoidably upon architectural layouts.
The content, teaching methods and teaching staff qualities appropriate for a seismic design curriculum are discussed in a case study from the School of Architecture, Victoria University of Wellington. Two key aspects of perceived success are the course's relevance to architectural design and the variety of presentation. Teaching methods, teaching aids and useful references are provided.
The evaluation of the courses considered in the case study is discussed, and postgraduate and post-graduation seismic education in New Zealand is reviewed.
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Scaia, Margaret R., and Lynne Young. "Writing History: Case Study of the University of Victoria School of Nursing." International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship 10, no. 1 (June 8, 2013): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2012-0015.
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AbstractA historical examination of a nursing curriculum is a bridge between past and present from which insights to guide curriculum development can be gleaned. In this paper, we use the case study method to examine how the University of Victoria School of Nursing (UVic SON), which was heavily influenced by the ideology of second wave feminism, contributed to a change in the direction of nursing education from task-orientation to a content and process orientation. This case study, informed by a feminist lens, enabled us to critically examine the introduction of a “revolutionary” caring curriculum at the UVic SON. Our research demonstrates the fault lines and current debates within which a feminist informed curriculum continues to struggle for legitimacy and cohesion. More work is needed to illuminate the historical basis of these debates and to understand more fully the complex landscape that has constructed the social and historical position of women and nursing in Canadian society today.