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Journal articles on the topic 'Victoria Armed Forces History'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Snyders, Hendrik. "‘Patriotic pigeons’: pigeon politics and military service in war-time South Africa, c.1899 – 1945." African Research & Documentation 122 (2013): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00024201.

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Contrary to P.S Thompson's contention that the Great War in Natal was “chiefly the concern of the British community”, contemporary evidence indicated that this and other conflicts were equally the concern of the ‘animal community’ including that of pigeons. In fact, history abounds with the tales of pigeons fulfilling a critical intelligence role in both local and overseas conflicts, including the Anglo-Boer War, First World War and World War Two. Indeed, in all cases special war measures were promulgated to regulate the keeping, general treatment, utilisation and transport of the birds. The Dickin Medal, also known as the Victoria Cross for Animals and awarded to recognise conspicuous bravery and devotion to duty of animals and birds associated with or under the control of any branch of the Armed Forces or Civil Defence Units under the British Imperial Army, was awarded to 32 pigeons.

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2

Danaher, Kevin. "Confronting Southern Africa Solidarity Work." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 18, no. 2 (1990): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500003899.

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The history of US policy in Southern Africa has been depressingly consistent. Because US government agencies and major corporations were so closely tied to the ruling white minorities of the region, it was only when majority forces rose up in armed rebellion and seized power that some members of the US elite were willing to accept the fait accompli of majority rule. But even then, there were powerful conservative forces that sought to “roll back” the advance of popular movements in countries like Angola and Mozambique. The Reagan administration sought to hold back the tide of leftist victories in southern Africa by giving Pretoria the international protection it needed to bring its neighbors to their knees.

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Danaher, Kevin. "Confronting Southern Africa Solidarity Work." Issue 18, no. 2 (1990): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700501115.

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The history of US policy in Southern Africa has been depressingly consistent. Because US government agencies and major corporations were so closely tied to the ruling white minorities of the region, it was only when majority forces rose up in armed rebellion and seized power that some members of the US elite were willing to accept the fait accompli of majority rule. But even then, there were powerful conservative forces that sought to “roll back” the advance of popular movements in countries like Angola and Mozambique. The Reagan administration sought to hold back the tide of leftist victories in southern Africa by giving Pretoria the international protection it needed to bring its neighbors to their knees.

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4

Linets, Sergei Ivanovich, Ludmila Ivanovna Milyaeva, Aleksandr Sergeevich Linets, Margarita Sergeevna Bogoslavtseva, and Olga Borisovna Maslova. "The development and realization by the nazi leadership of the wehrmacht’s plans of the offensive operation for the spring-summer campaign of 1942 in the south wing of the soviet-german front." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202172768p.455-462.

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The article shows the history of the development by the German High Command of the plans of the Wehrmacht’s offensive operation in the south wing of the Soviet-German front for the spring-summer campaign of 1942. The objective of this paper is to elaborate on some individual aspects of the planning by the Nazi leadership of “Case Blue” (German – Fall Blau) and its subsequent realization. The result of this correction was a quick creation of the two new strategic plans: “Operation Braunschweig” – the offensive against Stalingrad and “Operation Edelweiss” – the offensive against the Caucasus. In the paper, the authors as a conclusion note that such dispersion of the armed forces of the German army led in the end to the shortage of forces for the realization of the both plans and the defeat of the Wehrmacht both in Stalingrad and in the battle of the Caucasus. The victories of the Red Army in those battles resulted in the radical turning-point at the entire Soviet-German front, in the beginning of the liberation of the Soviet territories from the German occupation troops.

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PREBILIČ, VLADIMIR, and JELENA JUVAN. "(NE)OBSTOJ SLOVENSkE VOJAŠkE IDENTITETE." PROFESIONALIZACIJA SLOVENSKE VOJSKE / PROFESSIONALIZATION OF THE SLOVENIAN ARMED FORCES, VOLUME 2012/ ISSUE 14/1 (May 30, 2012): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.14.1.4.

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Kodeks vojaške etike Slovenske vojske (SV) med drugim določa: »pripadniki Slovenske vojske pri opravljanju vojaške službe /…/ spoštujejo slovensko vojaško zgodovinsko tradicijo in skrbijo za ohranjanje nacionalnega vojaškega zgodovinske- ga spomina« (Kodeks, 2009). Pri tem se nedvomno vprašamo, kaj sploh je slovenska vojaška zgodovinska tradicija, ki jo morajo pripadniki SV spoštovati, in kakšen je omenjen vojaški zgodovinski spomin. Časovna opredelitev zgodovinskega spomina je pri tem nujna. Do kod v preteklosti seže slovenski vojaški zgodovinski spomin? Kateri so dejavniki, ki so pomembno vplivali nanj in so posledično opredelili slovensko vojaško tradicijo? Kaj predstavlja slovensko vojaško tradicijo? Ali med dejavnike njenega oblikovanja prištevamo zgolj zmagovite dogodke ali vse vojaške izkušnje, tudi tiste, manj uspešne? Z drugimi besedami – katere so vrednote, ki določajo vojaško tradicijo nekega naroda? Na ta vprašanja bi morala imeti Slovenska vojska pripravljene skrajno jasne odgovore, ki bi omogočali tudi njeno jasno vizijo in bi pomembno vplivali na raven samopodobe slovenskih oboroženih sil ter na njen položaj v slovenski družbi. Žal pa se zdi, da je to področje v veliki zadregi, ki se kaže že v izhodišču – kdo pravzaprav lahko opredeli slovensko vojaško tradicijo in kako se bo ta utrjevala v prihodnje. The Military Code of Ethics of the Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF) states that: » members of the Slovenian Armed Forces /. / – have to respect Slovenian military tradition and promote the preservation of national military history memory« (Code, 2009). This certainly raises a question of how the military history tradition of the SAF is defined and what can be understood as a military history memory. In this respect, time perspective should be considered. How far back does Slovenian military history memory go? Which facts have importantly influenced it and, consequently, defined Slovenian military tradition? What is understood as Slovenian military tradition? Have only victories shaped military tradition, or was it also other military experi- ences, even the less successful ones? What are core values which define a nation's military tradition? The SAF should have very clear answers to these questions. Unambiguous answers would significantly influence the self-image of the SAF and its position in the Slovenian society. Unfortunately, there seems to be a great quandary in the very core of this issue – who is actually responsible for defining Slovenian military tradition and how it can be nurtured in the future.

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Matin, A. Michael. "SCRUTINIZING THE BATTLE OF DORKING: THE ROYAL UNITED SERVICE INSTITUTION AND THE MID-VICTORIAN INVASION CONTROVERSY." Victorian Literature and Culture 39, no. 2 (May 18, 2011): 385–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150311000052.

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The first major example in what would become a long line of popular pre-1914 British invasion-scare narratives was the inflammatory 1871 tale The Battle of Dorking: Reminiscences of a Volunteer. Through its vivid depiction of a German invasion and conquest of Britain, this story was designed to serve as a warning to Britons about the necessity of securing the nation's defenses. The dramatic impact of this work on the Victorian reading public and the political culture of the era has been treated by a number of scholars, most notably I. F. Clarke. Yet little attention has been accorded to the reaction it elicited from the professional peers of its author, Lieutenant-Colonel George Chesney. This interdisciplinary essay – which joins the study of literature with military history and politics – seeks to shed new light on the circumstances surrounding this extraordinarily influential tale, as well as on the genre it popularized, in large part by examining its reception by British officers. It begins by describing the tale's prehistory and emergence into widespread popularity and then evaluates the work's reception within armed forces circles. Some of the most trenchant assessments of this literary text, it turns out, were delivered within the austere confines of the Royal United Service Institution, a body whose meetings functioned as the crucible in which British military and naval judgments were forged.

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ADAIR, RICHARD, JOSEPH MELLING, and BILL FORSYTHE. "Migration, family structure and pauper lunacy in Victorian England: admissions to the Devon County Pauper Lunatic Asylum, 1845–1900." Continuity and Change 12, no. 3 (December 1997): 373–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416097002981.

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The lunatic asylum remains one of the most remarkable institutional monuments of the modern world, dominating the social landscape of Victorian Britain and exercising a powerful attraction for social historians of medicine, an attraction almost as great as the spectre of the madhouse for contemporary novelists. Our image of the Victorian asylum is still pervaded to a surprising degree by the gloomy spectacle of the total institution presented by Michel Foucault, though it has been modified by a whole range of institutional and philosophical accounts undertaken in the past three decades. Pioneering studies by researchers such as Andrew Scull have illuminated not only the power exercised by the new asylum superintendents, armed with medical discourses of moral treatment and the early promise of curability, but also the continuing dominance of the ‘mad doctors’ in the sombre years of neo-Darwinian pessimism and eugenics doctrines. More recent contributions to the now enormous literature on the social history of insanity have shifted the focus of attention from earlier concerns with charting the rise of the asylum and the elaboration of medical discourses under the psychiatric gaze of physicians to a detailed reconstruction of the social environment of the asylum and especially to the interplay between familial circumstances and the way institutions responded to the insane. Such concerns were also clearly evident in important earlier studies by Walton, Scull, Digby and others, which drew on fundamental work by Anderson on the changing role of the family during industrialization. These scholars drew attention to the importance of family and kinship relations in the negotiation of a lunatic's passage to the Victorian asylum, as well as the role of wider forces of economic change, population growth and migration in shaping the environment in which decisions about the care of the mad were made.

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Сенявская, Елена Спартаковна. "ФРОНТОВОЙ БЫТ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ: СТРУКТУРА И ОСОБЕННОСТИ." Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology), no. 2 (52) (June 10, 2021): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/10.33876/2311-0546/2021-54-2/7-25.

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Фронтовая повседневность определяется автором как совокупность опасности боя и повседневности быта во всём многообразии их типичных и уникальных проявлений. В данной статье рассматриваются особенности фронтового быта Красной Армии в период Великой Отечественной войны на основе эго-документов (писем, дневников, мемуаров) и материалов «устной истории» – воспоминаний-интервью её участников, представителей разных родов войск и военных профессий, принадлежащих к рядовому, младшему и среднему командному составу. Показано, что от качества солдатского быта, его организации в экстремальных военных условиях во многом зависел моральный дух войск и их боеспособность, а недостаточное внимание к отдельным бытовым факторам негативно сказывалось на ходе боевых действий или приводило к неоправданно большим потерям. Изучение фронтовой повседневности, ее тяжести и противоречивости, через мироощущение и судьбы отдельных фронтовиков позволяет глубже понять «человеческий ракурс» новейшей военной истории, тот трудноуловимый субъективный фактор, который в экстремальных условиях войны мог неожиданно перевесить все факторы материальные и оказаться «последней каплей», склоняющей чашу весов в сторону побед или поражений. Front-line life is a combination of the danger of battle and everyday life in all the variety of their typical and unique manifestations. This article examines the specifics of the front-line life of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War based on ego-documents (letters, diaries, memoirs) and on “oral history” – memoirs-interviews of its participants belonging to the armed forces and military professions of the rank-and-file and the command staff. It is shown that the morale of the troops and their fighting capacity largely depended on the quality of the soldier’s life, its organization in extreme military conditions. Insufficient attention to certain household factors negatively affected the course of hostilities or led to unjustifiably large losses. The study of the front-line everyday life in all its diversity and controversy through the eyes and the fates of individual front-line soldiers allows us to better understand the “human perspective” of recent military history, the elusive subjective factor that in extreme conditions could unexpectedly outweigh all material factors and turn out to be the “last straw” that tips the scales in favor of victories or defeats.

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Klein, Joachim. "Russia Triumphant: War Poetry in the Eighteenth Century." Slovene 7, no. 1 (2018): 174–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2018.7.1.9.

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This paper deals with a variety of lyric poetry that was widely cultivated under Catherine II — the poetry of war. This poetry was written almost always as oc- casional court poetry; it flourished in the general context of festivities organized in celebration of the Russian successes in the numerous wars of the period. The analysis takes into account not only the main poets, but also the minor poets in order to receive a fuller picture of the period’s mentality. Presenting themselves as loyal subjects, the poets dedicated their texts mostly to Catherine II, congratulating her on her victories and praising her multifarious virtues. This panegyric element sheds a light on the cult of the empress and the specifics of her contemporary image. But the poets addressed their works not only to Catherine, but also to her victorious generals and in some cases also to the armed forces. In practicing this kind of poetry, the authors not only showed their patriotism, but also their poetic virtuosity and their erudition: their poetic task was to translate the well-known military facts into the solemn “language” of the “high style”. Writing a victory ode was a celebratory act sui generis: according to a venerable tradition of classical antiquity, the poetic word was able to transcend time, ensuring eternal glory. Remaining close to official doctrine, the poets were nevertheless able to express their own patriotic view on the ongoing wars. This patriotism came in two kinds; each one represented a certain attitude to war. The first was a radical patriotism that advocated the pursuit of national glory by the ruthless use of military power in foreign politics. The second kind was a moderate patriotism that saw war as a necessary evil; it obsessively strove to reconcile Catherine’s bellicose politics with the traditional ideal of а “just war”. The article closes with a discussion of war poetry in its relation to the peace-loving ideals of European Enlightenment.

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LaRocco, John, and Dong-Guk Paeng. "A functional analysis of two 3D-scanned antique pistols from New Zealand." Virtual Archaeology Review 11, no. 22 (January 28, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.12676.

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<p class="VARAbstract">Preservation of historical weapons requires continual and careful maintenance. Digital three-dimensional (3D) scanning can assist in preservation and analysis by generating a 3D computer model. New Zealand presents a special case for historical preservation, owing to the rapid import of European goods in a culture previously unexposed to metalworking. This, and the subsequent British colonization, led to upheaval and war. The most intense conflict between British and Maori forces was in the New Zealand Land Wars of the mid-19<sup>th</sup> century. The primary handheld firearms used in this period were black-powder muzzle-loaders, and the variety of armed factions involved in the war resulted in an eclectic range of weapons used. Two antique muzzle-loading pistols from this period were scanned and analyzed. Insights were gained into the history of double-barreled muzzle-loading pistols and transitional revolvers. The double-barreled pistol was determined to have been a flintlock pistol from a century prior to the Land Wars, later converted to percussion cap ignition. The transitional revolver was an intermediate step between the multi-barrel pepperbox pistol and the “true” revolver, but it remained in use throughout the Victorian era. Both types of firearms were effectively obsolete elsewhere in the world by the time of the Land Wars, but the conflict created a demand for a variety of weapons. While the pistols analyzed in this study are decommissioned and no longer in working order, the 3D models made from the samples afforded a unique glimpse into New Zealand’s history. The methodology detailed over the course of the study can be applied to other historical firearms in order to facilitate preservation, investigation, and experimentation.</p><p>Highlights:</p><ul><li><p>Preservation of historical machines requires continual maintenance, including replacement of worn or missing parts.</p></li><li><p>A combination of 3D scanning and digital models was used to analyze two antique pistols from New Zealand: a converted flintlock pistol and a transitional revolver.</p></li><li><p>The method of making and analyzing digital models detailed in this study offers a way to facilitate historical preservation, experimental archaeology, and functional analysis.</p></li></ul>

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Bhatoe, HarjinderS, and MS Sridhar. "History of neurosurgery in the Armed Forces." Neurology India 66, no. 6 (2018): 1758. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.246298.

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12

Marsh, A. "THE ARMED FORCES IN A CHANGING SOCIETY, HISTORY, ROLES AND PROBLEMS CONCERNING WOMENIN THE ARMED FORCES." Military Law and the Law of War Review 25, no. 1-4 (December 1986): 111–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/mllwr.1986.1-4.14.

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13

Barlow, Jeffrey G., and James F. Cook. "Carl Vinson: Patriarch of the Armed Forces." Journal of Southern History 71, no. 3 (August 1, 2005): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27648880.

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Rajan, Brig RS. "History of cardiac surgery in the armed forces." Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 20, S1 (January 2004): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12055-004-0016-9.

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15

Vedder, Timothy. "History of neonatology in the U.S. Armed Forces." Early Human Development 87 (March 2011): S98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.12.042.

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de Jager, Koos-jan. "Gewetensbezwaarden onder vuur." Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis 134, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 385–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tvg2021.3.003.jage.

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Abstract Conscientious objectors under fire. Vaccine refusal among orthodox-Protestant soldiers in the Dutch Armed Forces, 1945-1950 During the Indonesian War of Independence (1945-1949), the Dutch government deployed 220,000 soldiers in the Indonesian archipelago. Among them was a group of conservative Christian soldiers who refused vaccinations against smallpox for religious reasons. Initially this caused no problems, but the situation changed after the outbreak of a smallpox epidemic in Indonesia in 1948. The non-vaccinated soldiers could not return to the Netherlands due to international restrictions. Although compulsory vaccination was abolished in 1939, some soldiers were forced to accept vaccination. In the Netherlands, representatives of the Reformed Political Party (SGP) and the conservative churches accused the Army of illegal actions. The central question in the debate was the space for religious minorities and divergent views on vaccination in the Dutch Armed Forces. This article studies the process of negotiation between the Dutch Armed Forces and the political and ecclesiastical representatives of this conservative religious group. Finally, this article argues for more research into religious diversity in the Dutch Armed Forces.

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Jedrzejko, Col Mariusz. "Drugs in the Polish Armed Forces." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 17, no. 3 (September 2004): 475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518040490486160.

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Zaccor, Albert M. "Problems in the Baltic armed forces." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 8, no. 1 (March 1995): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518049508430177.

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Corrêa, Marilia. "Military Resistance to the Brazilian Coup: The Fight of Officers and Soldiers against Authoritarian Rule, 1964–67." Americas 77, no. 2 (April 2020): 275–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/tam.2019.112.

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ABSTRACTThis article traces resistance among members of the armed forces who opposed the military dictatorship in Brazil during the first four years of the regime, 1964–67. I show that despite scholars’ efforts to depict the 1964 coup as a project supported by the armed forces as a strategic and ideological unit, there were battle lines within those forces along which hard-liners and moderate interventionists battled for government control. There were, in fact, hundreds of officers and soldiers who opposed the coup and organized against it. To contain resistance efforts inside the armed forces, the generals who orchestrated the coup labeled opponents to intervention as communists and expelled them from the institution, in many cases under considerable duress. This article discusses the first opposition efforts of officers and soldiers, particularly the Nationalist Armed Resistance (RAN) and the Caparaó Guerrilla Movement. Members of the military who were opposed to the coup shared an anti-interventionism and nationalism that united them against the regime. After 1964, their efforts to oppose military interventionism, previously carried out inside the military barracks, became the fight of all its opponents, members of the armed forces and civilians alike.

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Storkmann, Klaus. "The “Most Liberal in nato”?" International Journal of Military History and Historiography 42, no. 1 (November 9, 2021): 70–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683302-bja10026.

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Abstract Homosexuality was a topic that all armed forces were compelled to address at some point – and still are. A comparison between armed forces from around the world helps to put the actions of one state in the context of a bigger picture. This is not only the approach of historians today, but, as this research surprisingly shows, was the approach of the (West) German Federal Ministry of Defence (FMoD) in the late 1960s and after. Using archival sources from the German FMoD, this article examines how the (West) German MoD was interested in and viewed the regulations of other countries’ armed forces when dealing with homosexual service members, and whether and how these insights influenced the actions of the Defence Ministry.1

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Stephen A. Bourque. "Iraq’s Armed Forces: An Analytical History (review)." Journal of Military History 73, no. 4 (2009): 1365–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jmh.0.0373.

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Prebilič, Vladimir, and Jelena Juvan. "The Slovenian Armed Forces and Patriotism." Diplomacy & Statecraft 30, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2019.1557418.

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Boyd, Carolyn P., Rafael Banon Martinez, and Thomas M. Barker. "Armed Forces and Society and Spain, Past in Present." Journal of Military History 54, no. 4 (October 1990): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1986071.

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Cameron, Craig M., and Charles C. Moskos. "The Postmodern Military: Armed Forces after the Cold War." Journal of Military History 65, no. 3 (July 2001): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2677613.

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Finkle, Lee, Sherie Mershon, and Steven Schlossman. "Foxholes and Color Lines: Desegregating the U.S. Armed Forces." Journal of Southern History 65, no. 4 (November 1999): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2587646.

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Wilson, Dale E., Sherie Mershon, and Steven Schlossman. "Foxholes and Color Lines: Desegregating the U.S. Armed Forces." Journal of Military History 62, no. 4 (October 1998): 948. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/120224.

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Vostrikov, Igor V. "Mercenaries in the Army of Hellenistic Athens." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 6, no. 5 (November 28, 2017): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v6i5.1293.

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<p>This article interests in history of armed forces of the antiquity states, their structure, deployment order, the organization of command, evolution of arms, policy strokes, action of armies in the military conflicts, and to their use in internal political fight, as well as to involvement of mercenaries. During the Classical Period of Greek history big fame was gained by armed forces of Athens and Sparta. Athens in the 5th century BC was at the peak of power and pursued active foreign policy which was in many respects supported by powerful army and fleet. The reason of traditionally high interest in history of Athens of the Classical Period including the armed forces history of the polis also lies in it. However Athens and their armed forces suffered a serious loss and got beaten in the Peloponnese war and the final decline of political and military power of Athens occurred after defeat in Lamian war therefore military activity of the polis sharply decreases. Therefore the history of Hellenistic period Athens gets much less attention. Proceeding from it, the purpose of article consists in a research of the role of mercenaries in armed forces of Athens in the period of Hellenism. The leading method of this research is the comparative-historical method allowing tracking mercenaries hire by Athens during the specified period on the basis of a complex sources use. The main research results consist in identification of an order and features of the hired contingents use, their places in armed forces of the polis. Materials of article can be useful to the further scientific research regarding the history of Athens and military ancient history as well as to creating educational and handbooks on this perspective.</p>

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Duggleby, Robert W. "The disintegration of the Russian armed forces." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 11, no. 2 (June 1998): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518049808430338.

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Dííez, Jordi. "Legislative Oversight of the Armed Forces in Mexico." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 24, no. 1 (2008): 113–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2008.24.1.113.

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During the hegemonic rule of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (Institutional Revolutionary Party) (PRI), civil-military relations in Mexico were characterized by an implicit ““pact”” between civilian authorities and the armed forces, a pact that resulted in little civilian oversight and high levels of military autonomy. Despite Mexico's transition to democracy in 2000, the pact has been maintained, albeit somewhat altered. Because the responsibility to oversee the armed forces in democratic regimes is shared among the three branches of government, legislatures play an essential role in the oversight process, which directly affects democratic transparency, horizontal accountability, and good governance. This article investigates the extent to which the Mexican Congress has been able to exercise effectively its constitutionally mandated authority to oversee the armed forces as it emerges as a powerful institution in transitional Mexico. It argues that although congressional oversight has increased in some areas, it has generally remained weak. Durante el réégimen hegemóónico del Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), las relaciones entre civiles y militares en Mééxico se caracterizaban por un ‘‘pacto’’ implíícito entre las autoridades civiles y las fuerzas armadas, el cual otorgaba a los militares gran autonomíía militar con poco control civil. A pesar de la transicióón a la democracia en 2000, este pacto civil-militar se ha mantenido, si bien con algunas modificaciones. Dada que la responsabilidad de la supervisióón de las fuerzas armadas en los regíímenes democrááticos es compartida por los tres poderes de gobierno, el poder legislativo funge un rol esencial en el proceso de supervisióón, el cual afecta la transparencia democráática, la responsabilidad y el buen gobierno. Este artíículo investiga cuan capaz ha sido el congreso mexicano en ejercer sus responsabilidades constitucionales de supervisióón de las fuerzas armadas en la medida en que se posiciona como una poderosa institucióón en el Mééxico de la transicióón. El artíículo arguye que a pesar de que la supervisióón legislativa de las fuerzas armadas se ha incrementado, en general continúúa siendo déébil.

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Mcsherry, J. Patrice. "The Armed Forces and Democracy in Latin America." Hispanic American Historical Review 80, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 218–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-80-1-218.

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Jokubauskas, Vytautas. "Causes of Death in the Lithuanian Armed Forces, 1919–1940." Acta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis 43 (December 16, 2022): 99–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/ahuk.v43i0.2490.

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Between the First World War and the Second World War, approximately 280 thousand men served in the Lithuanian armed forces. This is a significant figure for a country that only had a population of two to 2.5 million. Even though the Lithuanian armed forces were only involved in active military operations and low-intensity fighting from 1919 to 1923, servicemen died during the entire period up to 1940. The numbers of deaths during the Wars of Independence are well known; however, the causes of death in the Lithuanian armed forces, both from 1919 to 1920 and in later years, have not been investigated in great depth. We understand that one cause of death in an active army is active combat. In the study of war, deaths in action are further classified into deaths caused by artillery fire, machine gun and rifle fire, bayonets, etc. This allows scholars to determine the effectiveness of weapons systems and tactical elements used on the battlefield. However, the focus of this article is the causes of soldiers’ deaths that are not directly combat related. In the first section, I discuss causes of death in the Lithuanian armed forces during periods of war and peace, and provide a host of examples, which include deaths caused by disease, accidents, homicide and suicide. In the last section, I present the results of quantitative analysis. The quantitative analysis is a case study of a single regiment that demonstrates the predominant causes of death from 1919 to 1940, with a separate analysis of causes of death for the period 1919 to 1920.

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Hawton, Keith, Louise Harriss, Deborah Casey, Sue Simkin, Kate Harrison, Isabelle Bray, and Nick Blatchley. "Self-harm in UK armed forces personnel: descriptive and case–control study of general hospital presentations." British Journal of Psychiatry 194, no. 3 (March 2009): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.107.048595.

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BackgroundLittle is known about self-harm in the armed forces.AimsTo investigate the characteristics of armed forces personnel presenting to a general hospital following self-harm and compare these with matched controls who had self-harmed.MethodInvestigation of armed forces personnel presenting to hospital between 1989 and 2003 following self-harm and case–control comparison with people in the general population who had self-harmed.ResultsOne hundred and sixty-six armed forces personnel presented with self-harm during the study period, of whom 72.3% (120) were male. Nearly two-thirds (62.7%) were aged under 25 years. Relationship problems (62.0%), employment problems (43.9%) and alcohol misuse (40.5%) were common. Fewer armed forces personnel than controls had evidence of current or past psychiatric disorders or treatment or a prior history of self-harm, and their suicidal intent was lower (males only). Of 64 people in the armed forces who presented during the first 9 years of the study period, 1 had died (from natural causes) by the end of 2000, compared with 9 (5.1%) of the controls, 6 by probable suicide.ConclusionsSelf-harm by armed forces personnel may often be a response to interpersonal and employment problems complicated by alcohol misuse, with relatively low suicide intent.

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Rodman, David. "Divine service?: Judaism and Israel’s armed forces." Israel Affairs 23, no. 2 (March 4, 2017): 447–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13537121.2017.1302171.

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34

Washburn, Patrick S., and Alfred Emile Cornebise. "Ranks and Columns: Armed Forces Newspapers in American Wars." Journal of American History 81, no. 2 (September 1994): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2081223.

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Adams, Michael C. C., Sherie Mershon, and Steven Schlossman. "Foxholes & Color Lines: Desegregating the U.S. Armed Forces." Journal of American History 85, no. 4 (March 1999): 1652. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2568382.

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Doughty, Robert A., and Arthur T. Hadley. "The Straw Giant: Triumph and Failure: America's Armed Forces." Journal of American History 74, no. 2 (September 1987): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1900133.

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37

Boëne, Bernard. "The Armed Forces "New" Missions: A European View." Tocqueville Review 16, no. 1 (January 1995): 145–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ttr.16.1.145.

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Are the armed forces' new missions as new as they are made out to be, and if so, how is one to characterize them ? To answer such questions, it is possible to start from a conception of military force in terms of sovereignty, violence, organization and legitimacy, which recombines the elements and sub-elements of Clausewitz's triadic definition of war. This will be used here as a baseline to assess current trends.

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Parrish, Michael, and S. A. Tyushkevich. "The Soviet Armed Forces: A History of Their Organizational Development." Military Affairs 50, no. 3 (July 1986): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1988311.

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39

Vehviläinen, Olli. "German armed forces and the Finnish civilian population 1941–44." Scandinavian Journal of History 12, no. 4 (January 1987): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468758708579126.

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Martin, Michel L., Henry S. Bienen, Anthony Clayton, and David Killingray. "Armed Forces, Conflict, and Change in Africa." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 25, no. 2 (1991): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485225.

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Graham, Hugh Davis, Sherie Mershon, and Steven Schlossman. "Foxholes and Color Lines: Desegregating the U.S. Armed Forces." American Historical Review 104, no. 4 (October 1999): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2649668.

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42

Mak, J. N. "The Modernization of the Malaysian Armed Forces." Contemporary Southeast Asia 19, no. 1 (June 1997): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/cs19-1b.

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Kingsbury, Damien. "The Reform of the Indonesian Armed Forces." Contemporary Southeast Asia 22, no. 2 (August 2000): 302–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/cs22-2d.

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Lombardi, Ben. "Ukrainian armed forces: Defence expenditure and military reform." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 14, no. 3 (September 2001): 31–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518040108430487.

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Melnick, A. James. "The Russian’Afgantsy’:asset to the Russian armed forces." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 8, no. 2 (June 1995): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518049508430194.

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46

Hentea, Călin. "From the Royal Armed Forces to the Popular Armed Forces. Sovietization of the Romanian Military (1948–1955). by Şperlea, Florin." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 23, no. 3 (September 3, 2010): 531–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2010.503174.

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Corrales, Javier. "Cuba after Fidel." Current History 104, no. 679 (February 1, 2005): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2005.104.679.69.

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Bacevich, Andrew J. "Requiem for the Bush Doctrine." Current History 104, no. 686 (December 1, 2005): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2005.104.686.411.

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Sopóci, Milan, and Lubomír Matta. "Twilight Or Daybreak Of Ground Forces." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0020.

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Abstract The article deals with the settlement of the Ground Forces in history to the present day. It confronts this information with actual trends of development of some branches of the armed forces, weapons systems, techniques, and new requirements on tactics, combat and operational use. From the armed conflicts in the last years which took place in Irak, Afghanistan, Islam state, we can conclude that the crucial tasks in battles and conflicts require the involvement of forces from other branches (Air forces, Special forces). The paper focuses on the necessity and importance of providing more and more intelligence, education, preparation and global more knowledge for regular soldiers.

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Nega, Berhanu. "Ethiopia Is Headed for Chaos." Current History 109, no. 727 (May 1, 2010): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2010.109.727.186.

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