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Academic literature on the topic 'Victims of crimes Victoria Attitudes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Victims of crimes Victoria Attitudes"

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de Brouwer, Anne-Marie, and Eefje de Volder. "International Criminal Court (ICC): Dominic Ongwen." Journal of Human Trafficking, Enslavement and Conflict-Related Sexual Violence 2, no. 1 (July 8, 2021): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/266644721x16239186251251.

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On 4 February 2021, the ICC's Trial Chamber IX found Lord Resistance Army's Commander Dominic Ongwen guilty for a total of 61 crimes comprising crimes against humanity and war crimes, including many conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence crimes, committed in Northern Uganda between 1 July 2002 and 31 December 2005. On 6 May 2021, Dominic Ongwen was sentenced to 25 years imprisonment for these crimes.<br/> In this Q&A we discuss this case with three renowned experts, namely Victoria Nyanjura (Survivor, Founder Women in Action for Women Uganda), Joseph Manoba (lawyer and Legal Representative for victims in the Ongwen case) and Lorraine Smith van Lin (independent victim's rights expert). By answering 11 questions, they provide insight in the complexity of this case, including how it is perceived by LRA victims and survivors in Uganda.
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Saucier, Donald A., Tamara L. Brown, Raquel C. Mitchell, and Audrey J. Cawman. "Effects of Victims' Characteristics on Attitudes Toward Hate Crimes." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 21, no. 7 (July 2006): 890–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260506288936.

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McLean, Lavinia, and Mark D. Griffiths. "Gamers’ Attitudes towards Victims of Crime." International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning 3, no. 2 (April 2013): 13–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcbpl.2013040102.

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Research on video game playing has focused mainly on the effects of such games in relation to aggression and attitudes towards perpetrators and towards crime. The present research was designed to investigate gamers’ attitudes towards victims of crimes and incidents that were designed to mirror those portrayed in violent video games. Vignettes were used during interviews to explore 50 participants’ attitudes towards different types of victims. The results indicate that long-term playing of violent video games appears to be associated with more negative attitudes towards victims of crime. This is the first study to directly explore attitudes towards victims of crime, in relation to violent video game exposure. Compared to nonviolent video game players, the violent video game players in the study reported less positive attitudes towards the victims in the study and attributed more blame to the victims. The implications of this finding in the context of previous research on violent video games, and on attitudes are explored. Directions for future research in the area are also highlighted.
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Edmonds, Ed M., and Delwin D. Cahoon. "Attitudes concerning crimes related to clothing worn by female victims." Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 24, no. 6 (December 1986): 444–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03330577.

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Nagy, Victoria. "Homicide in Victoria: Female Perpetrators of Murder and Manslaughter, 1860 to 1920." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 51, no. 3 (December 2020): 405–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01592.

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Records from the Central Register of Female Prisoners permit a longitudinal analysis of ninety-five women convicted of murder and manslaughter in Victoria between 1860 and 1920. The data show the similarities and differences between the women convicted of these homicide offenses. An examination of the women’s socioeconomic profiles, occupations, ages, migrations, and victims reveals the links between their crimes and their punishment.
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Nikolić-Ristanović, Vesna. "Victims and Police in Belgrade." International Review of Victimology 6, no. 1 (September 1998): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026975809800600104.

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In this paper the author presents findings of the first (pilot) victimization survey carried out during 1996 in Belgrade (Serbia) as the part of International Crime (Victim) Survey. For the purposes of this survey standard ICS questionnaires and methodology, with some necessary corrections, were used. The random sample consisted of 1094 respondents living in central Belgrade's communes. The author focuses on data measuring respondents' willingness to report crimes, their reasons for not reporting crimes to the police and their attitudes toward the police, i.e. their level of confidence in and their reasons for dissatisfaction with the police. Survey findings are analyzed in connection with different crimes, bearing in mind macro factors, such as war and economic crises, which have contributed to the decrease in both the crime reporting rate and the level of confidence in the police. The author concludes that the survey draws attention to the sensitive relationship between citizens and police in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY), suggesting an urgent need for radical reforms in the organization, control, training and education of the police concerning human rights in general and victims' rights in particular.
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O’Neal, Eryn Nicole, and Brittany E. Hayes. "“A Rape Is a Rape, Regardless of What the Victim Was Doing at the Time”: Detective Views on How “Problematic” Victims Affect Sexual Assault Case Processing." Criminal Justice Review 45, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 26–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016819842639.

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Research finds that “problematic” victim behaviors—for example, alcohol consumption—influence sexual assault case outcomes. Questions remain, however, regarding officer perceptions of what constitutes a problematic victim and how these victims complicate case processing. Indeed, most case processing research has relied on quantitative methods and inquiry into officer attitudes has primarily relied on the use of vignettes. Using data from in-depth interviews with 52 Los Angeles Police Department sex crimes detectives, we examine attitudes toward problematic victims. Overall, we aim to determine whether rape culture beliefs and efforts to operate in a “downstream orientation” influence detective views regarding victims who have been deemed problematic.
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O’Neal, Eryn Nicole, and Brittany E. Hayes. "“Most [False Reports] Involve Teens”: Officer Attitudes Toward Teenage Sexual Assault Complainants—A Qualitative Analysis." Violence Against Women 26, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 24–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801219828537.

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Scholars, advocates, and victims have repeatedly criticized the police treatment of sexual assault (SA) complainants. Apathetic attitudes and hostile behavior on the part of the police have likely resulted from socialization into a culture that condones the use of force and violence and blames SA victims for their victimization. Using data from in-depth semistructured interviews with 52 Los Angeles Police Department sex crimes detectives, we examine officer attitudes toward teenage complainants of SA. Notably, almost three fourths of the respondents ( n = 38; 73%) mentioned that teenagers lie about SA. Practical implications, theoretical advancements, and directions for future research are discussed.
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Koon-Magnin, Sarah, Stacy Hoskins Haynes, and R. Barry Ruback. "Condemnation of Statutory Rape Based on Respondent Race, Perpetrator Race, and Victim Race." Violence and Victims 34, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 414–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-16-00217.

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Race impacts perceptions of crimes, perpetrators, and victims. Although statutory rape generally receives little empirical or media attention, it has important implications for victims and offenders across the United States and appears to be enforced in a haphazard way. This study used a between-subjects experimental survey design at two universities (n = 1,370) to assess the impact of respondent race, perpetrator race, and victim race on attitudes toward statutory rape. Results of a repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that respondents viewed both White victims and their perpetrators as bad, blameworthy, deserving of punishment, harmed, and likely to commit crime in the future, judgments suggesting that the respondents take this sexual activity seriously. In contrast, analyses revealed that respondents were significantly less concerned about Black victims than White victims. Consistent with the liberation hypothesis, these differences in attitudes may contribute to the law being enforced inconsistently, providing differential access to justice based on a variable that is not legally relevant.
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Spiers, Alistair. "Forgiveness as a Secondary Prevention Strategy for Victims of Interpersonal Crime." Australasian Psychiatry 12, no. 3 (September 2004): 261–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1039-8562.2004.02111.x.

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Objective: The number of violent crimes against people is increasing. The present paper aimed to review (i) the association between ‘unforgiveness’ among victims and psychiatric disease; and (ii) evidence that encouraging forgiveness can help to prevent psychiatric disease. Conclusions: Unforgiveness correlates strongly with the development of psychiatric disease. Encouraging forgiving attitudes and emotions leads to decreased anxiety and depression.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Victims of crimes Victoria Attitudes"

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Chapman, Cass. "Revision of the self; revision of societal attitudes: feminist critical approaches to female rape memoir /." Electronic version (PDF), 2004. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2004/chapmanc/casschapman.pdf.

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Selahle, Phildah Lebogang. "Attitudes of incest abuse perpetrators in the Northern Province towards incest abuse and their victims." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2103.

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Thesis (M. A. (Clinical Psychology)) --University of the North, 2001
This study is an investigation into the sexual attitudes of incest abuse perpetrators in the Northern Province and attitudes towards their victims (South Africa). Forty-two convicted male incest abuse perpetrators and forty-two professional males nonperpetrators (as control group) participated in the study. The Hanson Sex Attitude Questionnaire was administered to both incest abuse perpetrators and professional males ' nonperpetrator (as control group) to compar':' their attitudes. The questionnaire includes: Sexual Entitle ment scale, Sexy-Children scale, Frustration scale, Affair scale, Sex/ Affection-Confusion scale. and Sexual-Harm scale. A quantitative research approach was followed in the study. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the responses. Compared to the control group, the incest abuse perpetrators showed deviant negative attitudes in all the scales : (a) endorsing attitudes supportive to sexua l en title ment, (b) perceiving children to be sexually attractive, (c) being sexually frustrated in their life, (d) confusing sex with affection, (e) minimizing the harm caused by sexual abuse of childre n, and (t) accepting extra-marital affairs. Thus the attitudes of incest abuse perpetrators are significantly unfavorable to the victims. The researcher recommends psychological intervention for the perpetrators to help them adjust to their societal expectations. More job opportunities should be created in the province.
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Waller, Heath Frederick. "Moral reform and the desiderata of responses to wrongdoing: the production of a "morally autonomous person freely attached to the good"." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003805.

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Moral reform is a neglected response to wrongdoing that has been incorrectly portrayed as a practice involving illegitimate treatment of wrongdoers and as totally unsatisfying to those theorists advocating backward-looking practices such as retributive punishment. A clear explanation of the ethical legitimacy and practical necessity of the reformative techniques moral reform involves has been missed, and this paper details the design of moral reform proper in order to fill this gap in punishment theory. The moral reform of an offender is identified as a desideratum of responses to wrongdoing and it is explained what moral reform ought to entail. The claim that moral reform qualifies as the overriding aim of responses to wrongdoing is argued for on the grounds that this practice is capable of achieving all the established ends of responses to wrongdoing. The legitimate desiderata of our practices are identified as those usually selected as the ends of punishment practices, and moral reform must accomplish these if it is to be accepted. Moral reform is shown to realise the goals of punishments as the fortunate effects of what is done to achieve an offender's moral improvement and of what reformees do in taking responsibility for their actions. The suffering involved in moral reform receives particular emphasis since the practice will never satisfy unless it accommodates the widely-held intuition that the offender must suffer sufficiently as a consequence of his wrongdoing. Moral reform is further portrayed as the most meaningful practice for its ability to satisfy the appropriate needs and desires victims have in response to their victimization. A central claim of the thesis is that moral reform best serves the victim, since it most effectively relieves the victim's emotional responses to wrongdoing and is as adept as punishment at the expression of these same emotions. Reformers advocate a constructive response to wrongdoing that benefits all affected parties.
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Setwaba, M. B. "Attitudes of professionals towards incest clients in the Northern Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2100.

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Bouse, Kirstin Leigh. "Community attitudes and the role of the victim offender relationship in child sexual abuse cases." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1364.

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Past research has illustrated that communily attitudes tend not to be reflected in crime legislation particularly when considering the victim-offender relationship and perceived seriousness of child sexual abuse. This study examined the effects of 4 different victimoffender relationships and the degree of trust within these relationships on perceptions of offence seriousness and emotional and physical harm, for the offence of indecently dealing with a 14-year old girl. One hundred and sixty community members used a 7- point scale to rate the degree of trust within these relationships, the seriousness of the offence and the emotional and physical harm suffered by the victim. Four two-way ANOVAs and one correlation were perfonned. Results showed that the victim-offender relationship failed to influence perceptions of offence seriousness, emotional and physical harm. Although the ratings of trust differed across the 4 relationship types, trust failed to significantly influence perceptions of offence seriousness, emotional and physical harm. Women were found to rate the offence as more serious and harmful than men. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed.
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Truman, Jennifer. "FEAR OF CRIME AND PERCEIVED RISK OF VICTIMIZATION AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4425.

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Fear of crime is argued to be a social problem that may lead to restriction of activities, increased security costs, and avoidance behaviors. Findings from research indicate that there are many demographic influences on the fear of crime. Specifically, gender has been found to be one of the most consistent predictors of crime, that is, females significantly fear crime more than males. Additionally, research suggests that a person's fear of crime or perceived risk to crime may increase their engagement in precautionary behaviors, such as carrying a weapon for protection. The current study examined these relationships using data collected from 588 students at the University of Central Florida in the fall of 2006. The results indicated that females reported significantly higher mean scores on the fear scale for all crimes except property crimes, as well as higher mean scores for most crimes on the perceived risk of victimization scale. Females also reported feeling less safe from crime in their neighborhood and at home. Furthermore, females were more likely to engage in precautionary behaviors, but less likely to engage in risky behaviors. Fear of crime was not a significant predictor of the use of precautionary behaviors. However, respondents with greater perceived risk were more likely to use a greater number of precautionary behaviors. Additionally, respondents who had a perceived lack of safety were more likely to use precautionary behaviors and engage in them more often. Risky lifestyle behaviors were not significant predictors of either fear or guardianship activities. Exposure to the media was only shown to increase fear, perceived risk, and perceived lack of safety at the bivariate level. And finally previous victimization was not a significant predictor of fear or perceived risk. Overall, the results were fairly consistent with previous literature. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.
M.A.
Department of Sociology
Sciences
Sociology
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McCormick, Cameron Anthony. "Get mad, stay mad : exploring stakeholder mobilization in the instance of corporate fraud and Ponzi schemes." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Management, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3248.

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Using a multi-case study, three Ponzi schemes were investigated: Road2Gold, Bernie Madoff’s empire, and the Earl Jones affair. This grounded study used an inductive bottom-up methodology to observe and describe stakeholder mobilization in reaction to corporate fraud. This research on stakeholder behaviour in Ponzi schemes articulates new theory for describing stakeholder behaviour and possible determinants for successful mobilization to action. The data presented here point to a useful distinction in the stakeholders in a corporate fraud: reluctant and engaged stakeholders. Reluctant stakeholders seek only interest-based ends, whereas engaged stakeholders have additional identity and ideological goals shared by a mobilized group.
viii, 85 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
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Kimball, Marilynn Jean. "Major crime victim's perceptions of the San Bernardino County District Attorney's Office." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2532.

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The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of perceptions crime victims have of the San Bernardino County District Attorney's Office. This project focused on crime victims' perceptions of communication channels and service delivery at the San Bernardino County District Attorney's Office. This research is based on a victim survey used for primary data collection.
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Sebuhoro, Célestin. "Quête de l'identité chez l'adolescent rwandais rescapé du génocide: approche développementale et différentielle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210928.

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Books on the topic "Victims of crimes Victoria Attitudes"

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Baurmann, Michael. Das Opfer nach der Straftat: Seine Erwartungen und Perspektiven : eine Befragung von Betroffenen zu Opferschutz und Opferunterstützung sowie ein Bericht über vergleichbare Untersuchungen. Wiesbaden: Bundeskriminalamt, 1991.

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ʻŌ̜rungrōt, Mātālak. Kānsưksā thatsanakhati læ phrưttikam khrō̜pkhrūa khō̜ng phūtok pen yư̄a læ klum sīang thī mī phon hai kœ̄t kānkhā manut dōi chapho̜ kō̜ranī kānkhā ying læ dek: Rāingān kānwičhai = Family attitudes and behaviors of victims affecting human trafficking, especially women and children. Bangkok]: Sathāban Wičhai læ Hai Khamprưksā hǣng Mahāwitthayālai Thammasāt, 2006.

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ʻŌ̜rungrōt, Mātālak. Kānsưksā thatsanakhati læ phrưttikam khrō̜pkhrūa khō̜ng phūtok pen yư̄a læ klum sīang thī mī phon hai kœ̄t kānkhā manut dōi chapho̜ kō̜ranī kānkhā ying læ dek: Rāingān kānwičhai = Family attitudes and behaviors of victims affecting human trafficking, especially women and children. Bangkok]: Sathāban Wičhai læ Hai Khamprưksā hǣng Mahāwitthayālai Thammasāt, 2006.

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Larson, Nancy A. Helping crime victims: A guide for victim/witness advocates. South Hadley, MA: D.A. Larson Foundation, 1997.

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Geistman, H. James. Women, the crime of stalking, and its effects: A study of police attitudes and practices. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 2011.

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Faire justice autrement: Le défi des rencontres entre détenus et victimes. Montréal: Médiaspaul, 2009.

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Nelen, J. M. Veel voorkomende criminaliteit op de Nederlandse Antillen. Arnhem: Gouda Quint, 1993.

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Kilchling, Michael. Opferinteressen und Strafverfolgung. Freiburg i.Br: Edition Iuscrim, 1995.

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Liebel, Hermann. Motivanalyse bei Opfern von Kapitalanlagebetrug. Wiesbaden: Bundeskriminalamt, 1992.

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1936-, Collins James J., United States. Bureau of Justice Statistics., and Research Triangle Institute, eds. Criminal victimization of District of Columbia residents and Capitol Hill employees: May 1982-April 1983. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Victims of crimes Victoria Attitudes"

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Light, Edwina, Michael Robertson, Wendy Lipworth, Garry Walter, and Miles Little. "Bioethics and the Krankenmorde: Disability and Diversity." In The International Library of Bioethics, 129–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01987-6_8.

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AbstractBetween 1933 and 1945, almost 300,000 people were murdered and 360,000 sterilized by the National Socialist (Nazi) regime under a group of crimes now collectively known as the Krankenmorde, the murder of the sick and disabled. Founded in narrow-minded and inconsistent accounts of a good and valuable life, the Nazi eugenic and “euthanasia” crimes were brutal and violent acts organized and executed by doctors, nurses and other professionals. Acknowledgement of this group of victims was delayed and obscured due to historical events as well as prevailing political and social attitudes toward mental illness and disability. As a result, the breadth of the Krankemorde crimes and its victims, its relationship to the Holocaust and its contemporary significance–to bioethics and society more broadly–is less recognized or understood than that of other Nazi medical crimes, such as the infamous experiments on prisoners. First presenting a history of the Krankenmorde and its aftermath in Germany and Nazi occupied territories, this chapter goes on to examine the value of bioethics having better knowledge of this part of its history and, in particular, engaging with its own epistemic constraints in relation to disability and ableism. These ideas are explored further in the context of contemporary bioethical issues related to the rights and treatment of people with disabilities, specifically the allocation of health resources. Throughout the chapter we seek to highlight the lives of Krankenmorde victims–those who survived and those who did not–all of whom have been historically overlooked and marginalized.
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Pavoni, Riccardo. "A Plea for Legal Peace." In Remedies against Immunity?, 93–117. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62304-6_5.

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AbstractThis chapter advocates legal peace between Germany and Italy as the most sensible and appropriate way to deal with the aftermath of Sentenza 238/2014 of the Italian Constitutional Court and its declaration of the unconstitutionality of the 2012 International Court of Justice (ICJ) Judgment in Jurisdictional Immunities. This plea does not only arise from frustration with the current impasse but also from the suspicion that the public good of legal peace has never seriously been canvassed by the Italian and German governments. Section II takes stock of the legal developments relating to the dispute between Germany and Italy since Sentenza 238/2014 was delivered. It especially focuses on the attitudes of the governments concerned, both in the context of the ongoing proceedings before Italian courts and elsewhere. It finds such attitudes opaque and unduly dismissive of the necessity to devise legal peace in the interest of the victims and of the integrity of international law. Section III highlights how the behaviour of the governments so far was at odds with the successful outcome of other intergovernmental negotiations concerning reparations for crimes committed during World War II (WWII), a process which has not been entirely finalized, as evidenced by the 2014 Agreement between the US and France on compensation for the French railroad deportees who were excluded from prior French reparation programmes. The Agreement between the US and France and all previous similar arrangements were concluded under mounting pressure of litigation before domestic courts against those states (and/or their companies) that were responsible for unredressed WWII crimes, thus a situation resembling the current state of the dispute between Germany and Italy. It is telling that litigation ended when the courts took cognizance of the stipulation of intergovernmental agreements establishing fair mechanisms for compensating the plaintiffs and victims of the relevant crimes. Such practice, therefore, is essentially in line with the proposition that state immunity (for human rights violations) is essentially conditional on effective alternative remedies for the victims. This and other controversial aspects related to the law of state immunity—such as the nature of state immunity, the North American remedies against immunity for state sponsors of terrorism, and the persistent dynamism of pertinent practice—are revisited in section IV. The purpose is to suggest that certainty about the law of international immunities, as allegedly flowing from the 2012 ICJ Judgment, is more apparent than real and that this consideration should a fortiori urge the realization of legal peace in the German–Italian affair.
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Farrall, Stephen, and Susanne Karstedt. "The Middling Sort." In Respectable Citizens - Shady Practices, 85–111. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595037.003.0005.

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The chapter focuses on the core concept of the ‘middle class’. For England and Wales, the former East Germany and the former West Germany, socio-economic positions and financial situations of citizens/consumers are identified along with the social and economic attitudes related to these. The chapter then embarks on an examination of the relationship between individual’s socio-economic position and financial situation and involvement in crime in the marketplace, both as victims and offenders. The findings demonstrate that those with higher levels of income are most heavily involved in these types of crimes, equally as victims and offenders.
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Auyero, Javier, and Katherine Sobering. "Collusion and Legal Cynicism." In The Ambivalent State, 71–88. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190915537.003.0004.

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Residents in Arquitecto Tucci believe that the police are part of their problems in their neighborhood. Continuing the thick description of everyday life in Arquitecto Tucci, this chapter examines different expressions of the shared belief that police officers are seen not only as abusive and extortive but also as actively complicit with criminals. It finds that suspicions of collusion have bred a deep collective distrust in the police and contributed to a shared cynicism toward the law that pervades everyday life. It then shows how these attitudes constrain residents’ recourse against violence, finding that when they become the victims of crimes, residents do not call the police, but instead choose either not to act or to solve their problems through alternative channels or collective action.
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