Relevant bibliographies by topics / Victims in Literature

Academic literature on the topic 'Victims in Literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Victims in Literature"

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Shinkarenko, Inna, and Nataliya Davydova. "Socio-psychological structure problems of crime victim personality." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 5, no. 5 (December 30, 2020): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-5-359-366.

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The article deals with highlighting the victim of the crime role and the victim's personality socio-psychological structure. Victimology, which emerged at the legal and social psychology intersection, has to identify qualitative and quantitative characteristics and other issues related to the personality and physical, moral or property damage victim’s behavior. In the course of the research, the definitions of victimhood available in the scientific literature are analyzed, and several main approaches to this phenomenon are identified. Becouse of existing scientific opinion generalization, the work defines victimhood as a potential ability to be a victim of a crime as a result of negative personal qualities interaction with external factors, as well as the some people tendency to become the victims of a crime.
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Adiningsih, Aprilia Putri, and Ridwan Arifin. "Victims of Rape and The Legal Protection: Problems and Challenges in The Victimological Studies." Semarang State University Undergraduate Law and Society Review 3, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lsr.v3i1.56688.

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Victims of the crime of rape have not received optimal legal protection, even though they have been legally protected through the Law on the Protection of Witnesses and Victims, the Law on Child Protection, or the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence. However, the concept of Indonesian criminal law, which focuses more on punishing and deterring criminals, has not been able to accommodate the rights of victims, especially in cases of certain crimes such as rape. In the case of rape, the victim receives an immaterial loss (loss of honor) which is legally difficult to materialize, so that the punishment is limited to imprisonment and a fine which is not sufficient to restore the victim's loss and restore the victim's trauma. This study aims to analyze the protection of victims of rape crime in the perspective of victimology and law. This study uses a normative legal approach, literature review and legal analysis. This study found that the juridical sera, the protection of victims of crime, including victims of rape, has been regulated by the state through several laws. The rights of victims have also been mentioned, ranging from restitution, to recovery of victims' losses and trauma. However, in cases of rape, victims are often dissatisfied with the punishment given to the perpetrators of this crime.
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Koegler, Dr Erica, Dr Claire Wood, Lilly Bahlinger, and Dr Sharon Johnson. "Traffickers’ Use of Substances to Recruit and Control Victims of Domestic Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation in the American Midwest." Anti-Trafficking Review, no. 18 (April 19, 2022): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201222187.

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This paper describes how traffickers use substances to recruit and control victims of domestic trafficking for sexual exploitation, as reported by service providers working with trafficking survivors in the American Midwest. This data was derived from interviews with 15 service providers in a major metropolitan area. Findings revealed consistencies with previous literature and new insights into the trafficker- substance use dynamic. Traffickers’ use of substances with victims was pervasive when trafficking was for the purpose of sex but not other labour. There were several examples of how traffickers use substances for victim exploitation and recruitment. These include using substances to ensure a victim is in a euphoric mood prior to sex work, to reward victim sex work productivity, and to initiate withdrawal effects to demonstrate the traffickers’ supreme control. Novel findings include how and why traffickers might deny victim use of substances and how they might give substances to victims without the victim’s knowledge. Implications for how these findings can be utilised for victim treatment and for future research are discussed.
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Dhaka, Poonam, Elsche Magdalena Kalola, and Sanmari Steenkamp. "Attitudes toward rape victims among University of Namibia students." Journal for Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (August 21, 2020): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32642/.v8i2.1515.

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A common misunderstanding about rape is that the perpetrator is driven by a sexual desire motivated by the victim’s seductive dressing or behaviour. The damaging impact of rape on the victim not only affects the victim’s emotional, psychological and physical state, but its ripple effects impact the larger systems of families, friends and life partners. The literature on studies of attitudes toward rape shows that there is an overall negative attitude towards rape victims leading to discrimination, stigma and, consequently, under-reporting of rape. The main focus of the present study was to investigate university students’ attitude toward rape victims. Furthermore, the study sought to explore gender differences in acceptance of rape victims. A convenience sampling technique was used to draw a sample of 131 students between the ages of 19-38 years. The sociodemographic questionnaire and Attitudes Towards Rape Victims Scale (ATRVS) were self-administered to collect quantitative data and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. The results indicate that male students have significantly higher unfavourable attitudes towards rape victims in comparison to females. Most of the rape victims are judged by what they wear and their location. However, both genders showed an acceptance of rape victims, even though a small number of males indicated “mildly disagree” on the scale. To be effective at reducing victimization, results strongly suggest rape awareness programs and interventions targeting society’s attitude and ways of dealing with a victim. Without community involvement and change in societal attitudes toward rape, legal policies will remain ineffective.
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Mohan, Tharishini A/p Mana, and Abu Yazid Abu Bakar. "A systematic literature review on the effects of bullying at school." SCHOULID: Indonesian Journal of School Counseling 6, no. 1 (February 19, 2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23916/08747011.

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Bullying is a severe problem that is experienced, especially in schools. Children belong to the same social group, but some feel powerful than others and therefore take advantage of them to physically or verbally abuse them. Many institutions are aware, but most cases are not handled because most victims do not report. Therefore, only physical bullying is addressed as the impacts can be easily seen by adults. Various articles were analyzed to illustrate the different effects of bullying on the bully, the victim, and those around. The results demonstrate that bullying results in emotional, physical, and health effects and affects a victim's academic performance.
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Tanasale, Christy, Elsa Rina Maya Toule, and Margie Gladies Sopacua. "Peran Korban Pemerkosaan Dalam Membantu Proses Penyidikan." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i1.1554.

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Introduction: Rape is one of the most common crimes in society.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to analyze and discuss the role of the victim in revealing the perpetrators of the crime of rape in the investigation stage and legal protection for victims of rape in the investigation process. Methods of the Research: In this legal research, the author uses normative juridical legal research which obtains data from literature studies in the form of laws, documents, books, magazines and other literature related to writing.Results of the Research: The results of this study indicate that the role of rape victims in the investigation stage is when the victim dares to report, the victim is open and the victim is cooperative and the victim includes clear information, because the role of the victim is very influential in the investigation process. For this reason, there is legal protection for rape victims, where victims get legal protection which is quite clearly stated in Law Number 31 of 2014. As well as other protections such as Juridical Protection, Psychological Protection and Social Protection. So, the authorities can take protective measures for victims and sanctions for perpetrators in accordance with the provisions of applicable regulations.
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Wahanani, Sri Tatmala, Ira Alia Maerani, and Siti Ummu Adillah. "The Legal Analysis of Age Limitations of Child Victims on Criminal Actions in Justice Perspective." Law Development Journal 4, no. 3 (August 17, 2022): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ldj.4.3.416-422.

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The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the impact of changes in the age limit of child victims, provisions for the age limit of child victims in Islamic law and age limits for victims of crimes of decency with justice. The approach method in this study uses a doctrinal research method (juridical normative) and a legal psychological approach method, with a descriptive analytical research specification. In collecting data used literature study method with qualitative data analysis. From the results of the study, it was concluded that the change in the age limit of child victims in positive law in Indonesia in 2002 from 15 (fifteen) to 18 (eighteen) years had an impact on increasing the number of cases of decency crimes. Even criminal acts of decency are dominated on the basis of reports from the parents of the victim's child who do not approve of the courtship (consensual) relationship between the victim's child and the perpetrator of the crime of decency. This has implications for the conscience of justice for law enforcement officers to demand or make decisions against the perpetrators, there is a sense of injustice, there is a sense of inadequacy when they have to demand or impose punishment, because actually the crime was also desired by the victim. So for the sake of realizing justice, the age of the child victim of 18 (eighteen) years needs to be reconsidered for revision or change.
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Mozin, Nopiana, Lucyane Djaafar, and Risha Safitri Ibrahimr. "Legal Protection of Women and Children Victims of Sexual Violence in Gorontalo City Police." LEGAL BRIEF 12, no. 1 (April 28, 2023): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35335/legal.v12i1.758.

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Legal protection in Indonesia is given to everyone based on equal rights and obligations as well as standing before the law. In this case, women and children are given extra legal protection because they are vulnerable to becoming victims of violence. In Gorontalo itself, the number of sexual violence increases every year. This is corroborated by the findings of cases of sexual violence from November 2019 to 2022, namely 105 cases. Regarding protection, the Gorontalo City Police Women's and Children's Service Unit has a role in protecting against all forms of violence, especially sexual violence. Sexual violence is defined as forced sex that can be performed by anyone who does not care about their relationship with the victim. The method used in this research is qualitative analysis, where research findings are obtained from literature research, document studies, and interviews. The purpose of this research is to find out legal protection efforts for women and children who are victims of sexual violence in Gorontalo and what are the inhibiting factors for legal protection for children and women who are victims of sexual violence themselves. In the findings of this study, legal protection for women and children who were victims of sexual violence, namely that victims immediately received assistance from the Integrated Service Center for Empowerment of women and children (P2TP2A) at the Gorontalo City Police in the initial process. Assistance is focused on the mental and psychological health of the victim. After that, if the victim is not satisfied with the process, the Integrated Women and Children Empowerment Service Center (P2TP2A) will assist the victim in submitting a report to the National Police so that it is followed up through the court process. The inhibiting factors found in this study were the victim's uncooperativeness in providing information due to mental disturbances due to trauma, as well as the location of the victim's house which was quite far away in terms of the process of providing legal protection itself.
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Abrams, Karen M., and Gail Erlick Robinson. "Stalking Part II: Victims' Problems with the Legal System and Therapeutic Considerations." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 43, no. 5 (June 1998): 477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379804300505.

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Objective: This paper is the second of 2 parts reviewing the topic of stalking. It focuses on victims' difficulties with the legal system and the psychotherapeutic tasks for victims and therapists. Method: Computerized literature searches were used to identify relevant papers from psychiatric and legal journals. Publications by victims' and women's organizations provided additional information. Results: Victims suffer emotional consequences from being stalked. Additional stress is caused by the legal system's lack of understanding of the causes and consequences of stalking and inadequate and unenforced laws. The treatment of victims requires a comprehensive approach, including education, supportive psychotherapy, and discussion of practical measures. Therapists may over identify with the patient's powerlessness or hesitate to take on a case out of fear of the stalker. Female therapists may protect themselves against the realization of their own vulnerability by blaming the victim, while male therapists may feel defensive or overprotective. Conclusion: Stalking is a crime with major mental health consequences which is often poorly understood by society. Therapists need to be aware of the victim's emotional reactions, the types of legal and practical supports available, and the possible biases of society. Further education and research should be encouraged.
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Malamut, Sarah T., Molly Dawes, Yvonne van den Berg, Tessa A. M. Lansu, David Schwartz, and Antonius H. N. Cillessen. "Adolescent Victim Types Across the Popularity Status Hierarchy: Differences in Internalizing Symptoms." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 50, no. 12 (September 28, 2021): 2444–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-021-01498-w.

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AbstractPrevious studies have called attention to the fact that popular youth are not immune to peer victimization, suggesting there is heterogeneity in the popularity of victims. Yet, no study to date has determined whether victims with different levels of popularity status can be identified using person-oriented analysis. Such analysis is critically needed to confirm the existence of popular victims. Further, there remains a paucity of research on internalizing indices of such popular victims, especially compared to other victim and non-victim groups. To address this gap in the research literature, the current study used latent profile analysis to identify subgroups of victims based on victimization (self- and peer-report) and popularity (peer-report). This study sought to verify the existence of popular victims and to compare victim subgroups on loneliness and self-esteem. Participants were 804 Dutch adolescents (50.2% boys, Mage = 13.65 years, ranging from 11.29 to 16.75 years). The results revealed six subgroups, including a group of popular self-identified victims. Popular self-identified victims were generally less lonely than other victims, but had higher loneliness and lower self-esteem than non-victims. Implications are discussed for understanding the victimization experiences of high-status youth.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Victims in Literature"

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Chung, Yuen-lam Carmen, and 鍾婉霖. "Modern American women: victims or victors?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007433.

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Chung, Yuen-lam Carmen. "Modern American women : victims or victors? /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31570835.

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Hicks, Amanda W. "A comparison of informal reading inventories : a literature review and case study /." View abstract, 2001. http://library.ccsu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/showit.php3?id=1630.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Central Connecticut State University, 2001.
Thesis advisor: Patti Lynn O'Brien. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Reading and Language Arts." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 42-44).
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Lucas, Regina Marie. "Ralph and Lily: Victims in a Boundary World." W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626174.

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Martin, Jessica Held. "Victims and aggressors black and Jewish interethnic relationships in contemporary American literature /." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1249065641/.

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Keable, Penelope Susan. "Creators, creatures and victim-survivors word, silence and some humane voices of self-determination in apocalyptic literature from the Wycliffe Bible of 1388 to the United Nations World Conference on Human Rights of 1993 /." Connect to full text, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/407.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 1995.
Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 21, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Studies in Religion, Faculty of Arts. Degree awarded 1995; thesis submitted 1994. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
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Ue, Wai Hung Tom. "Victims of Circumstances: Victorian Realism and the Transnational Narratives of Dickens, Daudet, and Gissing." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97261.

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Drawing on Hans Robert Jauss' theory of the horizon of expectations, I examine a character type that George Gissing identifies in the title of his short story "A Victim of Circumstances" (1893) as it appears in four works: Charles Dickens' Bleak House (1853), Alphonse Daudet's Jack (1876), Gissing's Workers in the Dawn (1880) and Veranilda (1903). This thesis reveals how these novelists converse about individual agency and deterministic circumstances. It argues that these three Victorian novelists repeatedly subvert simplistic readings of their characters as passive victims and, in this way, suggest the greater importance of perceptive social reading as a way of dealing with adverse circumstances. It thus illuminates Gissing's status as a reader and writer who is heavily influenced by his contemporaries, and sheds light, to a limited extent, on the impacts of both Dickens on French literature and Daudet on Victorian British literature.
Par l'entremise du cadre théorique d'horizon des attentes développé par Hans Robert Jauss, cette thèse examine le type de personnage que George Gissing caractérise dans le titre de son conte "A Victim of Circumstances" (1893), et ce, dans quatre oeuvres: Bleak House (1953) de Charles Dickens, Jack (1876) d'Alphonse Daudet et de Gissing, Workers in the Dawn (1880) et Veranilda (1903). La thèse met en évidence le discours de ces écrivains sur les choix de l'individu et les circonstances déterministes. L'argument avancé dans la thèse est que ces trois romanciers de l'époque victorienne résistent couramment à une lecture simpliste qui représenterait leurs personnages comme des victimes passives, et ainsi soulignent l'importance d'une mise en contexte social de la lecture afin de permettre la compréhension de circonstances difficiles. La thèse révèle que Gissing est à la fois un lecteur et un écrivain fortement influencé par ses contemporains. De plus, elle examine, dans un petit échantillon de textes, l'influence de Dickens sur la littérature française et celle de Daudet sur la littérature britannique de l'époque victorienne.
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Keable, Penelope Susan. "Creators, Creatures and Victim-Survivors: Word, Silence and Some Humane Voices of Self-Determination from the Wycliffe Bible of 1388 to the United Nations World Conference on Human Rights 1993." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/407.

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This analysis of apocalyptic rhetoric brings nine generations of the written text of the Johannine Apocalypse into a contemporary (1989-1994) framework which includes phenomena such as self-determination, mutual interdependence and psychoterror. The discussion is mediated by disciplines and backgrounds of Religion and Literature. The critical method is religio-literary. Literary themes from the Johannine Apocalypse, especially themes of annihilation, torment, blessedness and rapture, structure the discussion. These themes are related to ideas of self-determination such as were proclaimed at the United Nations World Conference on Human Rights (UNWCHR), Vienna, 1993. The discussion questions the axioms of self determination, especially the matter of indivisibility which came to issue during UNWCHR, Vienna, 1993. Some policies and practices of the Australian government's human rights activities are discussed. Attention is then redirected to the Johannine Apocalypse as a polyvalent source of apocalyptic ideation and a source of social empowerment.
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Esterhuysen, Marie. "Die drenkeling in die werk van D.J. Opperman, met spesiale verwysing na Joernaal van Jorik." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22009.

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Bibliography: pages 154-155.
In discussing the drowning figure in the work of DJ Opperman, it is assumed that the themes of decline and resurgence are central to the work of the author. With respect to these dual motifs the following became apparent: (a) that the decline inevitably leads to new life, and of necessity, must precede it. (b) This universal paradox of decline and resurgance is characterised by an endless repetition in time. (c) Man as an individual is inextricably caught between the dichotomous forces of birth and death. The individual is recognisable throughout Opperman's work. Through man's intimate connection with water as a medium of birth and death, the individual or "enkeling" is also seen as the drowned figure or "drenkelingfiguur". Reference to this drowned figure carries the joint connotations of drowning or submergence and decline. The condition of decline indicates the disappearance of the drowning figure below the water-line or surface. Such alienation can also be brought about by means of other elements which can become the metaphorical equivalent of water as the medium of submergence.
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DeRusha, Tracy L. "A comprehensive study and critical analysis of literature related to violence in teen dating relationships." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007derushat.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Victims in Literature"

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McGuire, Leslie. Victims. Vero Beach, Fla: Rourke Corp., 1991.

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Put, Daphne Van der. Literature review on aboriginal victims of crime. [St-Boniface, Man: s.n., 1990.

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1945-, Norman Buford, ed. Victims and victimization in French and Francophone literature. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2005.

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Elena, Bertoncini-Zúbková, ed. Vamps and victims: Women in modern Swahili literature. Köln: Köppe, 1996.

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1945-, Norman Buford, and French Literature Conference, (2004 : University of South Carolina), eds. Victims and victimization in French and Francophone literature. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2005.

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Gottfried, Ted. The Holocaust victims. Springfield, NJ: Enslow, 1998.

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Cross, Robin. Victims of war. New York: Thomson Learning, 1993.

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Tarling, Roger. Victims of domestic burglary: A review of the literature. London: Victim Support, 2000.

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Zeinert, Karen. Victims of teen violence. Springfield, N.J., U.S.A: Enslow, 1996.

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Ballard, Carol. Crimebusting!: Identifying criminals and victims. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Victims in Literature"

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Edelheit, Abraham J., and Hershel Edelheit. "The Victims." In Bibliography on Holocaust Literature: Supplement, 160–87. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429033353-9.

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Geier, Ted. "Kafka’s Meat: Beautiful Processes and Perfect Victims." In Literature and Meat Since 1900, 35–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26917-3_3.

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Ceccato, Vania, and Jonatan Abraham. "Crime, Offenders, and Victims." In SpringerBriefs in Criminology, 41–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98290-4_4.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we discuss examples of crime trends in areas on rural-urban continuum in several countries, illustrating the difficulties and possible dangers of comparing between types of statistics and across countries. The types of offenders found in rural areas as well as the types of victimization that most affect those living in these areas are also discussed in this chapter, based on examples from the international literature. Victimization in rural areas includes a wide array of offenses from farm crime and environmental and wildlife offenses, to violence against women, harassment, and discrimination against minority groups, to drug and organized crime, just to name a few.
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Wilson-Scott, Joanna. "Victims and Villains: The Legacy of Mother Blame in Violent-Eye American Literature." In The Absent Mother in the Cultural Imagination, 191–205. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49037-3_12.

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Caneda-Cabrera, M. Teresa. "“Sure, Aren’t the Church Doing Their Best?” Breaking Consensual Silence in Emer Martin’s The Cruelty Men." In New Directions in Irish and Irish American Literature, 191–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30455-2_10.

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AbstractThis chapter considers how a significant number of contemporary Irish writers have been inspired by stories of institutional abuse which had remained concealed from the public domain until recently. Drawing on the notion of “consensual silence”, the chapter explores specifically Emer Martin’s novel The Cruelty Men (2018) as a text that addresses institutional abuse, rescues the unheard voices of the victims and inscribes their untold stories into the nation’s cultural narrative. If The Cruelty Men joins a long list of “post-Ryan” fiction in denouncing how silence has traditionally been woven into the fabric of society and politics in Ireland, the chapter argues that, more importantly, Martin’s novel asserts the healing power of storytelling as a way of renegotiating Ireland’s relationship with the silences of the past.
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Triwibowo, Agung Cahyono, Fatma Lestari, Mila Tejamaya, Sabarinah Prasetyo, and Putri Winda Lestari. "The Effectiveness of One’s Decision to Report on Emergency Situation Victims: A Systemic Literature Review." In Advances in Health Sciences Research, 3–16. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-186-9_2.

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Satne, Paula. "Remembrance Beyond Forgiveness." In Conflict and Resolution: The Ethics of Forgiveness, Revenge, and Punishment, 301–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77807-1_16.

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AbstractI argue that political forgiveness is sometimes, but not always, compatible with public commemoration of politically motivated wrongdoing. I start by endorsing the claim that commemorating serious past wrongdoing has moral value and imposes moral demands on key actors within post-conflict societies. I am concerned with active commemoration, that is, the deliberate acts of bringing victims and the wrong done to them to public attention. The main issue is whether political forgiveness requires forgetting and conversely whether remembrance can be an impediment to political forgiveness. The notion of political forgiveness, its definition, very possibility and desirability are contentious issues in the contemporary literature. I develop a multidimensional account of political forgiveness with a core element. The core element of political forgiveness involves taking a non-adversarial stance towards perpetrators in the sense of committing to stop holding their wrongdoing against them. The core element of forgiveness is usually combined with other attitudes and practices, which are appropriate depending on the circumstances. This is due to the fact that there are different ways of holding a wrong against an offender. I argue that forgiving perpetrators is not compatible with continue to punishing them, refusing to reconcile with them, and/or reminding them of their misdeed if perpetrators refuse to accept punishment, deny the importance of commemorating the past or wish to reconcile against the victim’s desires. I show that some forms of political forgiveness are not morally legitimate because they conflict with moral demands to punish perpetrators, commemorate atrocities and respect victims. This conclusion is less alarming than it might initially seem because the refusal to forgive politically motivated wrongdoing does not necessarily lead to the perpetuation of violence and conflict. I briefly draw on the example of Argentina in order to show how some forms of political un-forgiveness can be morally legitimate and effective ways for victims to uphold these demands.
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"SELECTED SECONDARY LITERATURE IN ENGLISH." In Lamentation for 77,297 Victims, 60–61. Karolinum Press, Charles University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.3643627.7.

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Swanson, Elizabeth. "Perpetrators, Victims, and Beneficiaries." In The Cambridge Companion to Human Rights and Literature, 193–205. Cambridge University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108698511.015.

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Krystalli, Roxani. "‘Victim’ as Distinction." In Good Victims, 164–91. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197764534.003.0006.

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Abstract Literature on transitions from war has drawn attention to the hierarchies that the label of ‘victim’ reflects and contains. This chapter extends that conversation by highlighting how the category of ‘victim of armed conflict’ itself functions as a maker of hierarchy. Focusing on the gendered dimensions of the differential approach of the peace and justice process in Colombia, the analysis pays attention to the distinctions and divisions the status of ‘victim’ creates among forms of violence, social movements, and versions of one’s own self. The distinctions and divisions that arise pertain not only to bureaucratic avenues and encounters, but also to socio-political mobilization around violence and the (re)making of the self and relationships in the wake of war.
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Conference papers on the topic "Victims in Literature"

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Aguilar, Jazmin, and James Yang. "Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury: A Literature Review." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67801.

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Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries occur often in competitive sports such as soccer, basketball, football, and more. Athletes of all ages are at risk of experiencing this injury due to living highly active lifestyles. ACL injuries account for over $500 million in total medial cost in the United States, with about 150,000 annual occurrences of injury. Much research over this knee injury has been conducted as early as 1850, but confirmation of definite mechanisms of ACL injury have proved to be a difficult endeavor due to conflicting results found from experiments. Solving this problem could lead to implementation of preventative measures to help reduce to number of victims that undergo ACL injuries. The intention of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art of ACL injury research, including possible mechanisms of injury and the experimental methods used to analyze ACL performance.
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Abrantes, Maely Moreira de. "Predictive factors in the prognosis of victims of trauma crisis in brain." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.315.

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Background: Among mechanical traumas, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main determinant of deaths and sequelae in polytrauma patients. TBI is defined as any traumatic injury to the brain that results in anatomical injury such as skull fracture or scalp injury, functional impairment of the meninges, brain and its vessels or momentary or permanent brain changes, of a cognitive or physical nature. Objective: The present work aims to conduct a literature review on the factors that are predictive in the prognosis of victims of traumatic brain injury. Methods: This is a literature review based on the medical literature and scientific articles indexed in the Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO) and VHL-Brazil. Results: Several factors are related to a worse prognosis in patients suffering from TBI, and the most cited are: score equal to or less than 8 on the Glasgow Coma Scale (ECG) on admission; age over 60 years; tomographic changes showing diffuse axonal lesion or cerebral edema; pupils with abolished photomotor reflexes; arterial hypotension at admission; hyperthermia and male sex. Studies address that the initial clinical-neurological severity, measured by ECG, has the greatest significant influence on the evolution of patients, showing that the initial clinical manifestation points out the severity of primary and secondary injuries associated with TBI. As well as ECG, several other factors such as the brain’s susceptibility to injury, the extent and severity of the injuries, the presence of global or focal injuries, associated injuries and the initial response to treatment are also cited as useful in determining the evolution of cases of victims of TCE. Conclusions: It was found that the TBI is the main responsible for high lethality rates in polytrauma patients worldwide and from obtaining these data in recent years, studies have been deepened in order to search for the prognostic factors for TBI. The identification of these indicators has represented a major advance in the search for alternatives to guide the treatment of the patient and estimate the final result.
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Marinho, Ana Carolina Soares, Elen de Souza Rangel, and Fernando Tenório Gameleira. "Sequelae and interventions in neuropsychological rehabilitation of stroke victims: a systematic review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.343.

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Background: Stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability. It leaves sequels in the capacity for attention, language, memory, spatial, behavioral vision, and in all other cognitive domains. Therefore, it is essential to optimize neuropsychological rehabilitation in patients with stroke. The earlier the interventions, the greater the chances of adapting and minimizing the acquired sequelae. Objectives: We aim to map and review publications on neuropsychological rehabilitation in stroke patients. We also seek to identify the sequelae described in the literature in this regard, as well as the types of interventions made. Methods: This is a systematic review of the literature, carried out using the PubMed and Capes platforms. We use the descriptors “stroke” and “neuropsychology”. The filters were: descriptors in the title and / or summary in the last 5 years (PubMed) and 1 in the last year (Capes). Results: We found 28 articles of which 10 were disregarded, as they did not fit the established criteria. Conclusions: There was an absence of representativeness outside the English language, which undermines the global and local understanding of the topic. In addition, there is a need to adapt the instruments used in neuropsychological rehabilitation considering the needs of stroke victims, encompassing the various existing factors, in order to promote the patient’s better quality of life. Finally, it must be taken into account that the sequelae must be worked on also thinking about their neural associations and other domains.
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Thahar, By, Nursaid Nursaid, and Mohammad Gautama. "Portrait of Women as Victims of Male Violence In Kompas Selected Short Stories during the Reformation Era." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Language, Literature and Education, ICLLE 2019, 22-23 August, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.19-7-2019.2289501.

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Zerka, Abdelaziz, and Fouad Jawab. "Calculation of the costs of health care services for road accident victims in TDABC: a systematic review of the literature." In 2020 IEEE 13th International Colloquium of Logistics and Supply Chain Management (LOGISTIQUA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/logistiqua49782.2020.9353894.

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Klyus, Ivan Aleksandrovich. "THE PROBLEM OF DETERMINING THE NUMBER OF VICTIMS OF CIVIL WAR TERROR 1917-1922 IN MODERN RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC AND SCHOOL LITERATURE." In Международный педагогический форум "Стратегические ориентиры современного образования". Уральский государственный педагогический университет, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26170/kso-2020-157.

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Sharma, Ashvath, Lokesh Saharan, and Yonas Tadesse. "3-D Printed Orthotic Hand With Wrist Mechanism Using Twisted and Coiled Polymeric Muscles." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71063.

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Most stroke victims undergo muscular disorders leading to weakening of muscles and inability to perform normal hand activities. An exoskeleton device is therefore needed to aid in performing basic hand movements to improve the quality of life of the victims. Most of the available devices in literature are controlled using electrical motors with a rigid structure and complex design. This paper discusses the design and performance of an inexpensive and lightweight 3D printed orthotic device featuring a wrist mechanism. The design is simple and utilizes twisted and coiled polymeric (TCP) muscles which are easy to fabricate using a silver coated nylon 6, 6 threads. The device facilitates the movement of all the three joints of the human finger namely, distal interphalangeal joint (DIP), proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) and the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP). Experiments were performed using a custom-made hand which was 3D printed and casted using silicone rubber with a shore hardness 10 (Ecoflex® 010) to resemble an actual human hand. The results showed the range of motion achieved with the device, grasping and pinching of various objects with assistive efforts using TCP muscles and demonstrated the capability of the device to achieve flexion and extension of the fingers mimicking the human finger movements.
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Heidari, Omid, John O. Roylance, Alba Perez-Gracia, and Eydie Kendall. "Quantification of Upper-Body Synergies: A Case Comparison for Stroke and Non-Stroke Victims." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59314.

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Motion synergies are principal components of the movement, obtained as combinations of joint degrees of freedom, that account for common postures of the human body. These synergies are usually obtained by capturing the motion of the human joints and reducing the dimensionality of the joint space with techniques such as principal component analysis. In this work, an experimental procedure to investigate the synergies of the upper body is developed and the results of the pilot study are shown. The upper-limb kinematics includes the joint complexes of the hand, wrist, forearm, elbow, and shoulder. The different kinematic models in the literature have been reviewed, and a serial chain is considered from the upper arm. A three degree of freedom (3-DOF) linkage containing two revolute joints and one prismatic joint has been chosen to simulate the shoulder motion. A spherical joint represents the Glenohumeral (GH) joint; the elbow and ulna-radius rotations are represented by two revolute joints and the wrist is modeled with two revolute joints. The hand has a tree structure and branches into the individual phalanges, with a 2-dof MCP joint and single R joints for the rest of the phalangeal joints. The data are collected using motion capture and the joint angles are calculated using a combination of dimensional synthesis and inverse kinematics. Principal component analysis can be used to extract the synergies for a set of previously-selected motions. The motions are performed by healthy subjects and subjects who have suffered stroke, in order to see the changes in the motion primitives. It is expected that this study will help quantify and classify some of the loss of motion due to stroke.
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Jari, Mousa. "An Overview of Phishing Victimization: Human Factors, Training and the Role of Emotions." In 12th International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.121319.

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Phishing is a form of cybercrime and a threat that allows criminals (‘phishers’) to deceive endusers in order to steal their confidential and sensitive information. Attackers usually attempt to manipulate the psychology and emotions of victims. The increasing threat of phishing has made its study worthwhile and much research has been conducted into the issue. This paper explores the emotional factors that have been reported in previous studies to be significant in phishing victimization. In addition, we compare what security organizations and researchers have highlighted in terms of phishing types and categories as well as training in tackling the problem, in a literature review which takes into account all major credible and published sources.
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Salazar-Salgado, Sara, and Elizabeth Rendón-Vélez. "Displacement of the Residual Limb Within Transfemoral Sockets: A Literature Review." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23416.

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Abstract According to the World Health Organization and the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics, between 0.5 to 0.8 percent of the global population has suffered limb amputations. In the last years, Colombia, Angola, Afghanistan, and Chechenia are the countries that have held the first places with the highest amount of landmine victims. In Colombia, this weapon has left more than 10.000 affected people, many of which have suffered traumatic lower limb amputation To recover some of the lost function, amputees are generally prescribed with a prosthesis. However, the adaptation of the user with this element depends on the comfort felt when using it and consequently, on the fit between the socket and the residual limb. The fit between these two elements is highly influenced by the relative motion between them (i.e. displacement, slip). Both excess of displacement or complete absence, have several negative consequences for the amputee. Thus, measuring displacement could be an important indicator of the quality of the socket and the suspension system, and could provide critical information to improve surgical interventions, the prescription of prosthetic elements and the design and development of new prosthetic components. Several authors have investigated this topic; however, the studies have been mostly conducted on transtibial amputees. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the gathered information about the displacement between the socket and residual limb in transfemoral amputees. A computer-aided systematic literature search was performed by two independent reviewers using three databases. The selected papers were evaluated with regards to: sample characteristics, displacement measurement instrument, measured activity, displacement axis, surfaces in contact, type of socket and type of suspension system used. Most of the studies were performed on less than five individuals with mature residual limbs and trauma caused amputation. The most common aspects of displacement were: imaging techniques (measurement instrument), gait (measured activity), vertical direction (displacement axis), bone/socket (surfaces in contact), quadrilateral (type of socket) and suction-based (suspension system). The optimal range of motion is still unknown for transfemoral amputees. A marker-based optical tracking system is promising for research purposes, while electronic sensors would be optimal for clinical use. Volume change may be an indirect and, more straightforward option to measure displacement. Further research is needed to determine the effect of using a modified socket, to find a way to measure relative motion inside the socket using marker-based optical tracking systems and to define the influence of subject-specific characteristics in the amount of displacement. A better understanding of what happens inside the socket helps to optimize prosthetic designs and to improve the amputee’s quality of life.
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Reports on the topic "Victims in Literature"

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Iffat, Idris. Best Practices in CRSV Monitoring and Early Warning. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.126.

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Conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) is a major problem, which has significant negative impacts on victims/survivors, wider society and peace prospects. There is growing international recognition of the need to combat it. CRSV monitoring and early warning are vital in this regard, enabling effective responses and preventive measures. Various factors, notably social stigma, mean that CRSV is vastly under-reported. Best practices to promote CRSV monitoring and early warning include: having appropriate staff (including specialist personnel); engaging with local communities to promote reporting of cases and of warning signals; following principles such as ensuring confidentiality, informed consent and respect for victims/survivors; using standardised data collection templates to facilitate information sharing and analysis; assessing CRSV risks in context against a prepared matrix of early warning indicators; carrying out awareness-raising and advocacy on CRSV; and, where risks are identified, raising the alarm in affected communities. This review looks at best practices in monitoring conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV), and in CRSV early warning. It draws largely on grey literature, in particular reports of development organisations such as the United Nations. Much of the literature focuses on peacekeeping missions: far less was found with regard to the role of other actors (e.g. NGOs) in CRSV monitoring and early warning. [Note: there is substantial academic literature on the problem of CRSV rather than on best practices to combat it.] In addition, the review found no in-depth evidence (e.g. evaluations) on the experience of applying CRSV monitoring and early warning practices in specific contexts. Given the subject, the available literature does refer to women and girls, but was largely disability-blind. URI
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Hicks, Jacqueline. The Role of Gender in Serious and Organised/Transnational Crime. Institute of Development Studies, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.059.

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This rapid review synthesises evidence on the role of gender in serious and organised/transnational crime (SOC) with regard to gender norms, participation and prevention. It looks at the literature on the roles women play in organised crime groups and their pathways to participation, the impact of cultural gender norms in different forms of participation for men and women in SOC, and the role of gender dynamics within families or communities in preventing SOC. Key Overall Findings linking gender norms, female participation and prevention of SOC: 1). Gender norms and women’s participation in SOC are varied and highly contextual, highlighting the importance of gender analysis to programming; 2). Gendered perceptions of men as perpetrators and women as victims in SOC undermine effective responses; and 3). Some types of masculine identity have been linked to involvement in violent crime and societal tolerance of organised crime groups. In Italy, some feminists characterise opposition to SOC as an anti-patriarchal struggle.
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Hicks, Jacqueline. Global Evidence on the Prevalence and Impact of Online Gender-based Violence (OGBV). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.140.

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This rapid review updates a previous report (Fraser and Martineau-Searle, 2018) with evidence from 2018 onwards. It finds an evidence base on online gender-based violence (OGBV) covering a wider range of countries than the previous report. Some key findings on the nature and prevalence of OGBV include: The most recent surveys show a prevalence of OGBV ranging from 16% to 58%; Men and boys also experience online abuse in high numbers, but it is less likely to be gender-based; Several studies from different countries identify Facebook as the top location for incidents of OGBV; Higher levels of online harassment and abuse are faced by people with intersecting inequality factors; According to victim-survivors, perpetrators are more likely to be unknown and acting alone, but large numbers are known to the victims. Perpetrators themselves report divergent, multifaceted and often over-lapping motivations for their actions; Analysis of underlying drivers of OGBV highlights an overarching theme of power and control, and heteronormative expectations around gender roles and sexual practice. Many authors recommend that OGBV be understood as part of a continuum of abuse where normalised behaviours, such as sexual harassment in public spaces, shade into behaviours widely recognized as criminal, such as physical assault. The societal impact of OGBV includes: Media freedom is compromised; Democracy being undermined; Economic losses resulting from lost productivity; A ‘climate of unsafety’ prevails. Evidence base: The number of surveys about self-reported experiences with online harassment has increased rapidly. The majority of the research found during the course of this rapid review came from international and domestic non-governmental organisations and think-tanks. Academic research studies were also found, including several literature reviews.
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Butler, John M. Bitemark Analysis. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.8352-draft.

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This report summarizes a review of the scientific foundations of bitemark analysis conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Bitemark analysis typically involves examining patterned injuries left on a victim or object at a crime scene, identifying those injuries as bitemarks, and comparing those marks with dental impressions from a person of interest. This review specifically focuses on pattern injuries found on human skin. Over 400 sources were considered via literature searches and input from previous efforts by the National Institute of Justice Forensic Technology Center of Excellence. Our NIST review also utilized input from an October 2019 Bitemark Thinkshop organized by the Center for Statistics and Applications in Forensic Evidence (CSAFE) where experts and stakeholders associated with bitemark analysis were convened to discuss key issues. Based on this input, our study found a lack of support for three key premises of the field: 1) human dentition is unique at the individual level, 2) this uniqueness can be accurately transferred to human skin, and 3) identifying characteristics can be accurately captured and interpreted by analysis techniques. Furthermore, our review noted a lack of consensus among practitioners on the interpretation of bitemark evidence as well as thoughts on how to move the field forward. If the field seeks to advance, the key takeaways provided in this review are starting points for areas needing improvement, not an exhaustive list of specific shortcomings.
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