Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vibrational Raman Modes'
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Simonelli, Danielle Marie. "Probing vibrational modes of ammonia with the nonlinear optical technique sum frequency generation /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2000.
Find full textAdviser: Mary Jane Shultz. Submitted to the Dept. of Chemistry. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
Wachsmann-Hogiu, Sebastian. "Vibronic coupling and ultrafast electron transfer studied by picosecond time resolved resonance Raman and CARS spectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960830898.
Full textQuick, Martin. "Ultrafast photophysical processes in electronically excited flavin and beta-carotene." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17523.
Full textThe combination of broadband spectroscopic methods allows a comprehensive view of the electronic system of molecules in the excited state. On riboflavin in acidic environment the proton-transfer is observed with transient absorption and -flurescence in the S1-state. With transient absorption and femtosecond-stimulated Raman-spectroscopy the population transfer into the electronic ground-state is followed and characterized.
Al, Majzoub Al Sabbagh Maryam. "Vibrations polaires de basse fréquence de composés ferroélectriques et relation avec leurs propriétés diélectriques géantes : relaxeurs et nanocéramiques." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT253.
Full textMaterials that exhibit giant dielectric properties have received a huge amount of attention from the scientific and industrial communities due to their potentialities and applications in technological devices, in particular for microelectronic applications. In this work, we are interested in studying the vibrational properties of a prototypical relaxor single crystal, PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 (PMN), as well as nanoceramics of SrTiO3 (STO) with controlled grain sizes. The experiments have been mostly performed by hyper-Raman scattering (HRS), an original non-linear inelastic light scattering spectroscopy. Special attention was devoted to low frequency vibrations, and structural models were developed to relate the vibrational signatures to the giant dielectric responses of these systems.HRS spectroscopy was pushed towards its limit and provided a comprehensive picture of the polarization dynamics of PMN in the THz-range within the whole temperature sequence of its characteristic relaxor states. The widespread hypothesis of two paraelectric soft modes is convincingly excluded. The observation of the split ferroelectric mode reveals the local anisotropy below about 400 K. In contrast, the spectral anomalies observed at higher temperatures are explained as due to avoided crossing of the primary polar soft mode with a temperature-independent, non-polar spectral feature. The temperature changes of the vibrational modes involved in the measured fluctuation spectra of PMN were captured in a simple model that accounts for the temperature dependence of the dielectric permittivity as well.On the other hand, HRS experiments were carried-out on STO single crystal and nano-ceramics of different grain sizes, 80nm and 150nm. Contrary to IR-absorption which gives an effective spectral response of the core and the shell(s) constituting the grains, we show that hyper-Raman provides information of the individual core and shell responses. The spectral analysis reveals that except from their volume, the grains in the two ceramics exhibit very similar structures and properties: same value and temperature dependence of the shell thickness surrounding the core, and same dielectric response of the core as well as of the shell in the two samples. Structural models relating the vibrational properties to the effective dielectric permittivity were developed, and confirm that in STO the grains are composed by one core and two surrounding shells. We demonstrate that between 150 nm and 80 nm the decrease of the effective dielectric permittivity with grain size relates mostly to a change in core and shell volume fraction
Von, Laue Lukas. "Transferts de protons par effet tunnel dans l'acide benzoique : le rôle des vibrations moléculaires." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10060.
Full textSirotkin, Sergey. "Low frequency modes from small nanoparticles (metal nanocrystals) to large nanospheres (viruses) : an inelastic light scattering study." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00847063.
Full textKremer, David. "Sur des transitions Raman faiblement permises dans l’hexafluorure de soufre : spectroscopie de haute sensibilité de bandes harmoniques et induites." Angers, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01112199.
Full textOf all greenhouse gases (GHGs), carbon dioxide is definitely the most notorious to the wide public. Yet, there are GHGs present in much more tiny amounts in the Earth’s atmosphere, whose destructive power is substantial albeit less widely publicized. SF6 is a GHG considered as a dangerous pollutant of our atmosphere for that its global warming potential (GWP) amounts to about 24 000 times the GWP of CO2. Of anthropogenic origin, primarily owing to the industry of electrical insulators, the emissions of that gas are presently being increased at the alarming rate of 8% per year. These observations fully justify why sulfur hexafluoride currently tends to become a serious competitor of carbon dioxide and why its emissions are targeted in the Kyoto protocol. Here we present a study, both experimental and theoretical, of certain weakly-allowed Raman-scattering transitions related to gaseous SF6. These are either transitions in the isolated molecules or collision-induced transitions within pairs of molecules. Specifically, the overtones 2ν3 and 2ν5 of SF6 were studied, which both are Raman-active because of electrical or mechanical anharmonicity in the isolated molecule. This choice was prompted by the fact that ν3 and ν5 are the molecule’s most representative stretching and bending vibrations, respectively. It follows an experimental study of the collision-induced SF6−SF6 transition at the position of the ν3 vibration, as well as other transitions related to the isolated molecule. The high-sensitivity Raman equipment we have used and the stiff protocol we have followed regarding detection, acquisition, processing and analysis of spectra are part of a long experience and knowhow within a research group recognized for its capacity to capture and analyze extremely weak light signals
Sourovtsev, Nikolay. "Modes de relaxation et de vibration basse fréquence dans les polymères vitreux : étude par diffusion Raman." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10105.
Full textStephanidis, Bruno. "Modes de vibration de nano-objets : des nanoparticules métalliques aux virus biologiques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00294763.
Full textCe travail traite de la transposition de cette technique habituellement appliquée à l'étude des modes propres de vibration de nanoparticules solides à la recherche de modes similaires chez leur équivalent biologique, les virus.
Nous revenons dans un premier temps sur les expériences Brillouin (ou Raman basse fréquence) sur des verres dopés à l'or et discutons de l'utilité du tandem Fabry-Pérot en particulier par l'apport de la haute résolution dans la détection des levées de dégénérescence associées à l'anisotropie des paramètres élastiques des nanoparticules d'or facettées.
La deuxième partie de ce travail est consacrée à la recherche de modes de vibration d'ensemble sur des virus à morphologie sphérique à travers l'étude de différents types d'échantillons : solutions, couches bidimensionnelles et cristaux tridimensionnels de virus. Cette partie rend compte d'une première détermination des constantes élastiques globales d'un cristal de phytovirus. Alors que pour les virus de petite taille (15-30nm) aucune preuve indiscutable de l'existence d'un mode de vibration de virus n'a pu être trouvée, pour un virus de plus grande taille (environ 200nm), un signal s'apparentant à un mode de vibration de virus a été observé.
Breitenstein, Jacques. "Etude par spectroscopie raman de conducteurs organiques unidimensionnels, (tmtsf) 2x." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077179.
Full textChalla, Jagannadha Reddy. "Electronic and Vibrational Dynamics of Heme Model Compounds-An Ultrafast Spectroscopic Study." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1181323422.
Full textWang, Jiangfeng. "Vibrations optiques dans les nanofils polaires de Nitrure de Gallium : une étude des effets de la dimension, du rapport d'aspect et de la densité." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2587/.
Full textThis thesis presents mainly a detailed investigation of the optical properties of GaN nanowires (NWs) ensemble and single GaN NW in particular by Raman spectroscopy. The Raman scattering in GaN/AlN superlattice has also investigated. NWs are often considered as potential building blocks for future nanometer scaled devices. This is based on several attractive features that are generally ascribed to NWs. For instance, they are expected to grow strain free and defects even on substrates with a large structural mismatch. This can be examined in different NWs samples by the Raman frequency and line width of non-polar E2h phonon. In the first part of the thesis, the characterization of morphologies, structure, dimensions and orientation have been investigated in the GaN NWs grown on Si substrates by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE) without any catalyst. These results indicate good crystallization quality of MBE and several inhomogeneity of NWs. The major part of this thesis discusses the vibrational properties of GaN NWs. The investigation of Raman scattering of NWs ensemble and single NW reveal the significant phonon behavior as a function of their large surface-to-volume ratio. First, certain optical features are only found in the Raman spectra of GaN NWs but not in that of bulk GaN. An unexpected emergence of a two peaks band located near 700 cm-1 has been found in the undoped NWs but not in Si-doped NWs. This is attributed to the Raman scattering by surface related modes and has been confirmed by their high sensitivity to the dielectric constant of the NWs surrounding medium. We used an effective dielectric continuum model to interpret and detailed analyze these observations. Second, the optical characteristics of individual NW are also investigated in this context. The dependence of Raman intensity on the size of NWs and polarization of light excitation has been studied. The observed enhancement of A1(TO) mode and a shoulder in high frequency side are strongly related to excitation wavelength and the aspect ratio of single NW. The frequencies and distribution of light electric field inside NW of these modes have been analyzed by a DDA-based calculation model. The Raman scattering of core-shell structural NWs and GaN/AlN superlattice are also discussed. By using UV resonant excitation, double strain states induced by AlN shell have been found in GaN/AlN core-shell structural NWs and the interface mode has been observed in addition to the Quasi-Longitudinal Optical mode in the GaN/AlN superlattice. Finally,the analysis of stress distribution on crack free thick GaN layers has been performed by Raman measurement. We have investigated the influence of different sizes and trench height of GaN mesa on the strain distribution. This strain/stress field was modeled within the framework of linear elasticity theory using finite element method (FEM)
MEDJAHDI-CHERRAK, ZINEB. "Etude en spectrometrie raman d'un modele d'une paire de bases d'acide nucleique : modes normaux de vibration de la 1-methylcytosine 9-ethylguanine dans le cristal." Lille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL22013.
Full textEgidi, Franco. "Theoretical models for the calculation of electric properties and raman spectra of molecules in solution." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/85800.
Full textChapet-Rousseau, Mireille. "Etude des modes de vibration actifs en effet Raman et en infra-rouge, dans différents échantillons de quartz naturel ou synthétique." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112286.
Full textIn this work, vibration mode parameters are compared for different samples of quartz. The experimental method, derived from stimulated Raman effect, needs two coherent light beams, one of which is frequency tunable. So, several lasers and the corresponding data acquisition and processing systems have been tested. From a theoretical point of view, vibration modes of a cristal have been reviewed in isotropic crystals or anisotropic ones as well, for bulk samples or slabs; coupling with an electromagnetic wave have been taken into account when necessary. The stimulated interaction between the two incident light beams have been calculated. The experimental results make evident the variations of vibration mode parameters from one sample to another; they point out the perturbations induced by mechanical stresses, in the vibration modes which are excited in a crystalline slab
Vijarnwannaluk, Sathon. "Optical studies of GaAs:C grown at low temperature and of localized vibrations in normal GaAs:C." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27491.
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Sirotkin, Sergey. "Modes de basse fréquence de petites nanoparticules (nanocristaux métalliques) et de grosses nanosphères (virus) : une étude par diffusion inélastique de la lumière." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573738.
Full textBismarck, Jonas von [Verfasser]. "Vibrational Raman Scattering of Liquid Water : Quantitative Incorporation into a Numeric Radiative Transfer Model of the Atmosphere-Ocean System and Analysis of its Impact on Remote Sensing Applications / Jonas von Bismarck." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1098185447/34.
Full textMiloudi, Lynda. "Application des techniques spectroscopiques vibrationnelles couplées aux analyses statistiques multivariées pour la caractérisation et l'objectivation des produits de soins comestiques." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR3801/document.
Full textThe barrier function of the skin, which protects the body against exogenous molecules, limits the penetration of active cosmetic ingredients (ACI), thus reduce the effectiveness of molecules with a deep cellular target. Therefore, it appeared crucial to optimize the administration of existing active cosmetic in order to get the full benefits expected. Some innovations are explored to bypass this issue, including the encapsulation of existing active cosmetic in nanocarriers. In parallel, it is important to also focus on the development of analytical methodologies that could provide qualitative and quantitative information, in particular the determination of ACI contents and potentially excipients incorporated in a final form, and biological evaluation at different stages of formulation
Kremer, David. "Sur des transitions Raman faiblement permises dans l'hexafluorure de soufre : spectroscopie de haute sensibilité de bandes harmoniques et induites." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01052857.
Full textCocco, Simona. "Uno studio teorico delle vibrazioni della struttura elicoidale del DNA B e della transizione di denaturazione." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENSL0151.
Full textRannou, Isabelle. "Etudes sous pression de la transition de phase interpolytypique du sulfure de gallium." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066063.
Full textGuichard, Vincent. "Etude par spectrometrie raman de resonnance d'amines a l'etat de radical-cation et a l'etat triplet : contribution a l'etude des etats radicalaires et excites des derives benzeniques." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066276.
Full textMaity, Nikhilesh. "Computational Modeling of two Dimensional Heterostructures for Optoelectronic and Catalytic Applications." Thesis, 2023. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/6052.
Full textGautam, Rekha. "Vibrational Microspectroscopic Studies of Biomedical Conditions Using Model Systems." Thesis, 2014. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3478.
Full textGautam, Rekha. "Vibrational Microspectroscopic Studies of Biomedical Conditions Using Model Systems." Thesis, 2014. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3478.
Full text鄭雯卉. "The Raman spectra study of formamide C=O vibrational mode by using Gaussian 09 molecular simulation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v9k9eq.
Full textSzeghalmi, Adriana Viorica. "The ground and excited state molecular structure of model systems undergoing photochemical processes and the characterization of active agents by means of vibrational spectroscopy and theoretical calculations." Doctoral thesis, 2005. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-11961.
Full textIn der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden schwingungsspektroskopische und quanten-chemische Untersuchungen an unterschiedlichen Modellsystemen, die an photochemischen Prozessen beteiligt sind, und an verschiedenen Pharmazeutika durchgeführt. Die Methoden der Infrarot- (IR) und Raman-Spektroskopie wurden für die Charakterisierung der Grund-zustandsgeometrie verwendet. Darüber hinaus konnten aus Resonanz-Raman- (RR) Spektren zusätzliche Informationen über den elektronisch angeregten Zustand erhalten werden. Diese aufschlussreichen Aussagen über die elektronisch angeregten Zustände der untersuchten Systeme wurden durch die simultane quantitative Analyse der Resonanz-Raman-Spektren und des Absorptionsspektrums gewonnen. Die Anregungsprofile für die Resonanz-Raman-Streuung und die Absorptionsquerschnitte wurden mittels zeitabhängiger Propagationsmethoden berechnet. Oberflächen-verstärkte Raman-Streu- (SERS) Experimente ermöglichten die Charakterisierung der Wechselwirkungen und Adsorptionsbindungsstellen von Wirkstoffen an Metalloberflächen. Des Weiteren wurden Dichtefunktionaltheorie- (DFT) und PED-Rechnungen durchgeführt, um eine genaue Zuordnung der Schwingungsspektren zu gestatten. CASSCF- und CI-Rechnungen wurden in einzelnen Fällen durchgeführt, um sie mit den experimentellen Ergebnissen für die Potenzialhyperfläche des angeregten Zustands vergleichen zu können. Die Grundlagen der Resonanz-Raman-Spekroskopie wurden ausführlich diskutiert. Dabei wurden die physikalischen Prozesse beschrieben und die mathematischen Techniken, die die Bestimmung der Parameter des angeregten Zustands durch die RR-Intensitätsanalyse ermöglichen, hervorgehoben. Das Modell des Brownian-Oszillators für die Ermittlung der Lösungsmittel-Reorganisations-energie wurde kurz beschrieben. Weiterhin wurden die SERS Verstärkungsmechanismen und Auswahlregeln diskutiert. Der Hartree-Fock-Ansatz zur Berechnung des Grundzustandes sowie die CI- und CASSCF-Methoden wurde erläutert. Das Kapitel endete mit einer kurzen Beschreibung der Grundlagen von DFT-Rechnungen. Im vierten Kapitel wurden die Untersuchungen an einem Modell-Systems (1-hydroxy-2-acetonaphthone HAN), das einen Protonentransferprozess im angeregten Zustand zeigt, dargestellt. Die Streck- und Deformationsmoden des Naphthalinrings und der konjugierten Carbonylgruppe weisen die größten Displacement-Parameter auf, während die O-H-Streckschwingung keine Resonanz-Verstärkung erfährt. Diese Gerüst-schwingungsmoden verringern den Abstand zwischen den Carbonyl- und Hydroxyl-Sauerstoffatomen, was mit einer generellen Umverteilung der Elektronendichte einhergeht. Daher wird der Protonentransferprozess durch die Zunahme der Elektronendichte auf dem Carbonylsauerstoffatom und der gleichzeitigen Abnahme der negativen Ladung auf dem Hydroxylsauerstoffatom gesteuert. Im fünften Kapitel wurden die strukturellen und vibronischen Eigenschaften eines organischen gemischtvalenten Systems, des N,N,N’,N’-tetraphenylphenylenediamine Radikalkations (1+), untersucht. Die Resonanz-Raman-Experimente zeigten, dass mindestens acht Schwingungsmoden stark an den optischen Ladungstransferprozess gekoppelt sind. Diese Franck-Condon aktiven Moden wurden vornehmlich symmetrischen Moden zugeordnet. Die am meisten verstärkte Mode entspricht der symmetrischen Streckschwingung entlang der N-Ar-N-Achse. Jedoch sind auch symmetrische Streckschwingungsmoden der Phenyl- und Phyenylen-Gruppen und Deformationsmoden an dem elektronischen Prozess beteiligt. Der Beitrag dieser symmetrischen Moden zur Reorganisationsenergie dominiert, während die Lösungsmittelreorganisationsenergie nur sehr gering ist. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse beweisen, dass es sich hier um ein symmetrisches delokalisiertes Robin-Day-Class-III-System handelt. Das sechste Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit einer schwingungsspektroskopischen Analyse eines photorefraktiven Thiophen-Derivat-Modellsystems, 2-(N,N-diethylamino)-5(2’,2’-dicyanovinyl)-thiophen. Die Geometrien des Grund- und ersten angeregten Zustands wurden optimiert und die FC Parameter unter Anwendung der CIS Methode berechnet. Diese Rechnungen ergaben, dass der Anteil der zwitterionischen Struktur im angeregten Zustand dominiert. Die Resonanz-Raman-Spektren zeigten, dass mehrere Streckschwingungsmoden entlang der Bindungen, die die Donor- und Akzeptor-Einheiten verknüpfen, und die S-C Streckschwingungsmoden verstärkt wurden. Das siebte Kapitel behandelt die Analyse eines Aziridinyl-Tripeptids, ein Wirkstoff gegen Cystein-Proteasen. Die Schwingungsanalyse ergab eine stärkere Wasserstoffbrückenbindung der Aziridin NH-Gruppe des Aziridinyl-Tripeptids im festen Zustand als in der flüssigen Baueinheit. Die Wasserstoffatome der Amidgruppen des Tripeptids sind an schwächeren Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen als die des Epoxid-Analogons beteiligt. Darüber hinaus wurden die charakteristischen Gerüstschwingungsmoden des Tripeptids diskutiert. Im vorletzten Kapitel wurde der Adsorptionsmechanismus von zwei Anti-Leukämie-Wirkstoffen, 6-Mercaptopurin (6MP) und 6-Mercaptopurin-ribose (6MPR) diskutiert. Unter basischen Bedingungen adsorbieren beide Moleküle über die N1- und S-Atome an der Metalloberfläche. Für biologisch kritischen Konzentrationen und pH-Werten, d.h. für nahezu neutrale Bedingungen (pH-Wert 7-9) und eine geringe Konzentration, wurde festgestellt, dass das 6MPR-Molekül mit dem Substrat sowohl über das N7- als auch N1-Atom wechselwirkt, wobei wahrscheinlich zwei unterschiedlich adsorbierte Spezies vorhanden sind. Im Gegensatz dazu weist das 6MP-Molekül nur eine über das N1-Atom adsorbierte Spezies auf