Journal articles on the topic 'Via Lata'
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Shen, Le, and Jerrold R. Turner. "Actin Depolymerization Disrupts Tight Junctions via Caveolae-mediated Endocytosis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 16, no. 9 (September 2005): 3919–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e04-12-1089.
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The tight junction (TJ) determines epithelial barrier function. Actin depolymerization disrupts TJ structure and barrier function, but the mechanisms of this effect remain poorly understood. The goal of this study was to define these mechanisms. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein-, enhanced yellow fluorescent protein-, or monomeric red fluorescent protein 1-fusion proteins of β-actin, occludin, claudin-1, ZO-1, clathrin light chain A1, and caveolin-1 were imaged by time-lapse multidimensional fluorescence microscopy with simultaneous measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Actin depolymerization was induced with latrunculin A (LatA). Within minutes of LatA addition TER began to fall. This coincided with occludin redistribution and internalization. In contrast, ZO-1 and claudin-1 redistribution occurred well after maximal TER loss. Occludin internalization and TER loss, but not actin depolymerization, were blocked at 14°C, suggesting that membrane traffic is required for both events. Inhibition of membrane traffic with 0.4 M sucrose also blocked occludin internalization and TER loss. Internalized occludin colocalized with caveolin-1 and dynamin II, but not with clathrin, and internalization was blocked by dominant negative dynamin II (K44A), but not by Eps15Δ95-295 expression. Inhibition of caveolae-mediated endocytosis by cholesterol extraction prevented both LatA-induced TER loss and occludin internalization. Thus, LatA-induced actin depolymerization causes TJ structural and functional disruption by mechanisms that include caveolae-mediated endocytosis of TJ components.
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Krause, Gerd, and Katrin Manuela Hinz. "Molecular Mechanisms of Thyroid Hormone Transport by l-Type Amino Acid Transporter." Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes 128, no. 06/07 (November 18, 2019): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1032-8369.
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AbstractThyroid hormones (TH) pass through the plasma membrane into the target cells via transporter proteins. Thyroid hormone transporters that have been identified until now belong to two different solute carrier (SLC) subfamilies i) the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) and ii) the amino acid polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. Both are comprised by 12 transmembrane helices, however with different structural topology. The TH transporter MCT8, MCT10 and OATP1C1 are members of the MSF. The l-type amino acid transporters (LATs) are transporting neutral amino acids across the membrane. Two LAT subtypes, LAT1 and LAT2 are members of the APC superfamily, need the escort protein 4F2hc and facilitate uptake but no efflux of TH-subtypes. Homology models of LAT2 that are based on crystal structures of APC transporters guided mutagenesis, revealed molecular structure-function determinants for recognition and transition for import and export of TH-subtypes. The recently solved cryo-EM structure of LAT1 confirmed the structural input. Two other LAT subtypes, LAT3 and LAT4 are members of the MFS. From previous observed negative effect of LAT3 and LAT4 on 3,3’-T2 uptake by LAT1 and LAT2 it was indirectly concluded that LAT3 might export 3,3’-T2. There are still open questions that need to be addressed in order to fully understand the molecular recognition pattern and traversing mechanism of import and export of particular TH-subtypes by LAT1 and LAT2. Moreover, clarification is needed whether LAT3 and LAT4 are exporting TH. Recent new data could not verify the initial hypothesis of TH export by LAT3. Therefore, further investigations are necessary to explain the negative effect of LAT3 on the TH import by LAT2.
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Habel, Dorothy Metzger. "Bernini's d'Aste Family Tombs in S. Maria in Via Lata, Rome: A Reconstruction." Art Bulletin 79, no. 2 (June 1997): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00043079.1997.10786736.
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Muth-seng, C., L. L. Gras, A. Roux, and S. Laporte. "Modelling of fascia lata rupture during tensile tests via the discrete element method." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 20, sup1 (October 27, 2017): S147—S148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2017.1382904.
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Habel, Dorothy Metzger. "Bernini's d'Aste Family Tombs in S. Maria in Via Lata, Rome: A Reconstruction." Art Bulletin 79, no. 2 (June 1997): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3046247.
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Gołaczyński, Jacek. "Informatization of Civil Proceedings in Poland. Conclusions de lege lata." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Legal Studies 10, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 191–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.47745/ausleg.2021.10.2.03.
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The informatization of civil proceedings is regulated in Poland by the use of several instruments pertaining to various aspects of civil procedure. The author presents the most relevant instruments and their major provisions in the context of what may be called ‘normal’ circumstances and also as they were amended to suit the needs of the judiciary during the COVID-19 pandemic. Submission of pleadings via the dedicated ICT (information and communication technology) system of the courts is presented, as is the electronic delivery service meant to facilitate the service of procedure and the communication of procedural documents in Poland (especially in the future). The rules applicable to open hearings and recording of hearings, as well as their transmission, are presented. The relatively novel rules on the taking of electronic evidence and on rendering an ‘e-judgment’ are also referred to.
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Ferreira, Manoel Luiz, Alberto Schanaider, Paulo César Silva, Antônio Victor de Abreu, Andrei Ferreira Nicolau Costa, Jalene Meira Braga, Raul Rousso Filho, and Lara de Paula M. Pereira. "Estudo da técnica da sindesmoplastia extra-articular com fascia lata autógena: modelo em cães." Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões 36, no. 2 (April 2009): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69912009000200014.
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OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia da técnica extra-capsular para o tratamento de ruptura do ligamento cruzado anterior em cães. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada a reparação cirúrgica extra-articular, sem artrotomia do ligamento cruzado anterior, com a utilização da fáscia lata autógena para estabilização da articulação do joelho em seis animais que apresentaram claudicação grave e movimento de gaveta positivo. RESULTADOS: A técnica cirúrgica extra-articular foi eficaz com boa estabilização articular e evolução satisfatória. CONCLUSÃO: A via extra capsular com uso da fáscia lata para correção da ruptura do ligamento cruzado anterior mostrou-se útil haja vista tratar-se de um procedimento simples e de rápida execução, causando o mínimo dano tecidual e recuperação pós-operatória eficiente.
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Bonkowski, Janusz A., Robin D. Gibson, and Leslie Snape. "Foramen magnum meningioma: transoral resection with a bone baffle to prevent CSF leakage." Journal of Neurosurgery 72, no. 3 (March 1990): 493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.72.3.0493.
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✓ A case of meningioma situated at the anterior rim of the foramen magnum with successful removal via a transoral approach is reported. A new technique of preventing cerebrospinal fluid leakage is described utilizing fascia lata and a bone baffle without any attempt to close the dura, either by primary suture or tissue sealants.
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Wójcicka, Ewa. "Oddanie pisma w placówce operatora pocztowego – uwagi de lege lata i de lege ferenda." Studia Iuridica 72 (April 17, 2018): 415–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.7642.
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The aim of this article is to discuss the problems of submitting process letters to courts and public administration bodies via a postal operator as well as to indicate essential problems caused by unjustified differentiation of standards concerning the compliance with time-limits when the subject has limited or excluded opportunity to lodge a pleading a letter in person. Only in criminal proceedings and proceedings in cases of offences the participants have full freedom to choose a postal operator and to benefit from the presumption of lodging of a submitting a letter in the date of sending. In administrative proceedings, administrative court proceedings and tax proceedings, to be sure that legal deadline will be met, one should submit a letter to a court or a public administration body via a postal operator providing universal postal services. The article drew attention to a lack of consistency and consequence of the legislator relating to the regulation of submitting letters depending on the nature of proceedings and place of residence.
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Fliss, Dan M., Ziv Gil, Sergey Spektor, Leonor Leider-Trejo, Avraham Abergel, Avi Khafif, Aharon Amir, Eyal Gur, and Jacob T. Cohen. "Skull base reconstruction after anterior subcranial tumor resection." Neurosurgical Focus 12, no. 5 (May 2002): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2002.12.5.11.
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Object The goal of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of a simple and reliable technique for anterior skull base and craniofacial reconstruction in patients who have undergone excision of tumors via the subcranial approach. Methods There were 63 patients who had undergone 71 anterior skull base resections of tumors via the aforementioned approach. Twenty-nine cases (41%) involved malignant tumors and 42 (59%) involved benign tumors. Reconstruction of the anterior skull base was performed by a single team who used double-layer fascial graft. Limited dural defects were reconstructed using the temporalis fascia, whereas large anterior skull base defects were reconstructed using a fascia lata sheath. Reconstruction was achieved without the support of bone graft or titanium mesh and without pericranial, galeal, or free flaps. Pericranial flap wrapping of the frontonasoorbital segment was performed to prevent osteoradionecrosis if postoperative radiotherapy was planned. The incidence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, intracranial infection, and tension pneumocephalus was 5.6%. Histopathological examination of fascia lata grafts obtained in patients who had undergone a second procedure demonstrated integration of vascularized fibrous tissue to the graft, as well as local proliferation of a newly formed vascular layer embedding the fascial sheath. Conclusions The use of a double-layer fascial graft alone was adequate for prevention of CSF leakage, meningitis, tension pneumocephalus, and brain herniation. The double-layer fascial flap provided a simple and reliable means for anterior skull base reconstruction after en bloc resection of both malignant and benign tumors.
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Xu, Zhaoyang, Lili Tu, Yanyan Zheng, Xiaohui Ma, Han Zhang, and Ming Zhang. "Fine architecture of the fascial planes around the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve at its pelvic exit: an epoxy sheet plastination and confocal microscopy study." Journal of Neurosurgery 131, no. 6 (December 2019): 1860–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.7.jns181596.
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OBJECTIVEMeralgia paresthetica is commonly caused by mechanical entrapment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). The entrapment often occurs at the site where the nerve exits the pelvis. Its optimal surgical management remains to be established, partly because the fine architecture of the fascial planes around the LFCN has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to define the fascial configuration around the LFCN at its pelvic exit.METHODSThirty-six cadavers (18 female, 18 male; age range 38–97 years) were used for dissection (57 sides of 30 cadavers) and sheet plastination and confocal microscopy (2 transverse and 4 sagittal sets of slices from 6 cadavers). Thirty-four healthy volunteers (19 female, 15 male; age range 20–62 years) were examined with ultrasonography.RESULTSThe LFCN exited the pelvis via a tendinous canal within the internal oblique–iliac fascia septum and then ran in an adipose compartment between the sartorius and iliolata ligaments inferior to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS). The iliolata ligaments newly defined and termed in this study were 2–3 curtain strip–like structures which attached to the ASIS superiorly, were interwoven with the fascia lata inferomedially, and continued laterally as skin ligaments anchoring to the skin. Between the sartorius and tensor fasciae latae, the LFCN ran in a longitudinal ligamental canal bordered by the iliolata ligaments.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated that 1) the pelvic exit of the LFCN is within the internal oblique aponeurosis and 2) the iliolata ligaments form the part of the fascia lata over the LFCN and upper sartorius. These results indicate that the internal oblique–iliac fascia septum and iliolata ligaments may make the LFCN susceptible to mechanical entrapment near the ASIS. To surgically decompress the LFCN, it may be necessary to incise the oblique aponeurosis and iliac fascia medial to the LFCN tendinous canal and to free the iliolata ligaments from the ASIS.
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Kim, Ji Heui, Jong Hwan Wang, and Yong Ju Jang. "Excision of a Nasal Dermoid Sinus Cyst via Open Rhinoplasty Approach and Primary Reconstruction Using Tutoplast-Processed Fascia Lata." Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology 3, no. 1 (2010): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/ceo.2010.3.1.48.
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Poutoglidis, Alexandros, Pavlos Pavlidis, Georgios Katsilis, and Gregory Alexander Schittek:. "Idiopathic temporal bone encephalocele: Diagnosed and treated during cochlear implantation." Medical Science and Discovery 7, no. 12 (December 27, 2020): 750–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v7i12.454.
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Objective: Meningoencephaloceles of the temporal bone are rare entities. There are two main categories, congenital and acquired. Acquired meningoencephaloceles are more common due to iatrogenic injury to the tegmen tympani which is a common complication during mastoidectomy.
Case Presentation: We present a case of an idiopathic meningoencephalocele that was diagnosed and treated successfully during cochlear implantation via transmastoid approach. Fascia lata graft was used to reconstruct the deficit of tegmen tympani. Audiological outcome has been improved.
Conclusions: Idiopathic Meningoencephaloceles present without specific clinical symptomatology and as a result diagnosis delay significant. In literature, there are various surgical approaches with mixed results.
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Falavigna, Asdrubal, Orlando Righesso Neto, Alisson Roberto Teles, Leonardo Ruschel, and Pedro Guarise da Silva. "Abordagem cirúrgica posterior e posterolateral para neurinomas cervicais em ampulheta da raiz de C2." Coluna/Columna 9, no. 2 (June 2010): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-18512010000200012.
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OBJETIVO: os autores relatam a experiência cirúrgica de 11 neurinomas em ampulheta de C2 comparando à via de acesso posterior com a posterolateral. MÉTODOS: onze pacientes com neurinomas em ampulheta de raiz cervical de C2 foram tratados cirurgicamente. A via de acesso utilizada para a remoção dos tumores foi a abordagem posterior em sete pacientes, e a posterolateral em quatro pacientes. RESULTADOS: houve predominância do sexo feminino (n=6) e a média de idade foi de 55,9±8,16 anos. O tempo médio de sintoma até o diagnóstico foi de 16,3 meses (±8,02 meses). Houve ressecção completa do tumor em todos os pacientes. O tempo cirúrgico médio na abordagem posterior foi de 180 minutos (±39,15) e de 192 minutos (±22,17) pela via posterolateral (p=0,52). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as abordagens em relação ao sangramento transoperatório (posterior: 70,71±16,93; posterolateral: 65,00±24,15; p=0,64). Ocorreu uma complicação com a via de acesso posterior ligada à presença de uma fístula de líquor, sendo necessária nova intervenção e reconstrução da dura-máter utilizando a fáscia lata. CONCLUSÃO: a retirada completa do tumor em ampulheta da raiz de C2 é possível através das abordagens posterior e posterolateral, entretanto, a abordagem posterior é preferível por ser a via de acesso mais familiar ao cirurgião.
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Hyun, S. M., J.-Y. Min, and Y. J. Jang. "Reduction osteoplasty for treating pneumosinus dilatans of the maxillary sinus." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 2 (January 7, 2013): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215112003039.
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AbstractObjective:To report a patient with maxillary pneumosinus dilatans and facial deformity treated by reduction osteoplasty and reconstruction.Case report:This study describes the successful management of facial deformity in a 17-year-old male with maxillary pneumosinus dilatans. The patient's facial deformity of the maxillary sinus, which had been slowly progressing over a 10-year period, was managed by reduction osteoplasty and reconstruction using the maxillary bone, conchal cartilage and Tutoplast-processed fascia lata via a sublabial approach. This treatment yielded satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes.Conclusion:As pneumosinus dilatans of the maxillary sinus is uncommon, there is no established surgical treatment protocol. This surgical technique was less invasive than other described procedures and revealed good cosmetic results.
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Santos, Márcio B. "VIRA-LATA." Nanocell News 3, no. 11 (June 6, 2016): NA. http://dx.doi.org/10.15729/nanocellnews.2016.06.06.005.
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Franco, R. A. "Combination of Autologous Fascia Lata and Fat Injection Into the Vocal Fold via the Cricothyroid Gap for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis." Yearbook of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2010 (January 2010): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1041-892x(10)79582-2.
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Cheng, You, Ze-qing Li, Jin-zhong Huang, Fei Xue, Man-jie Jiang, Kun-min Wu, and Qiu-ping Wang. "Combination of Autologous Fascia Lata and Fat Injection Into the Vocal Fold via the Cricothyroid Gap for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis." Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery 135, no. 8 (August 17, 2009): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archoto.2009.91.
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Liu, James K., Smruti K. Patel, Amanda J. Podolski, and Robert W. Jyung. "Fascial sling technique for dural reconstruction after translabyrinthine resection of acoustic neuroma: technical note." Neurosurgical Focus 33, no. 3 (September 2012): E17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.6.focus12168.
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Reconstruction of presigmoid dural defects after resection of acoustic neuromas via the translabyrinthine approach is paramount to prevent postoperative CSF leakage. However, primary dural reapproximation and achieving a watertight closure of the dural defect in this anatomical region are quite difficult. Standard closure techniques after the translabyrinthine approach often involve packing an abdominal fat graft that plugs the dural defect and mastoidectomy cavity. This technique, however, may pose the risk of direct compression of the fat graft on the facial nerve and brainstem. Nonetheless, even with the evolution in dural repair techniques, postoperative CSF leaks can still occur and provide a route for infection and meningitis. In this report, the authors describe a novel dural “sling” reconstruction technique using autologous fascia lata to repair presigmoid dural defects created after translabyrinthine resection of acoustic neuromas. The fascia lata is sewn to the edges of the presigmoid dural defect to create a sling to suspend the fat graft within the mastoidectomy defect. A titanium mesh plate embedded in porous polyethylene is secured over the mastoidectomy defect to apply pressure to the fat graft. In the authors' experience, this has been a successful technique for dural reconstruction after translabyrinthine removal of acoustic neuromas to prevent postoperative CSF leakage. There were no cases of CSF leakage in the first 8 patients treated using this technique. The operative details and preliminary results of this technique are presented.
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Krohn-Hansen, Dag, Erling Haaskjold, and Bjørn Nicolaissen. "Suspension surgery with autogenous fascia lata via a less invasive modification of the Crawford method on 85 patients with congenital severe eyelid ptosis." Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery 49, no. 4 (January 26, 2015): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/2000656x.2014.1001853.
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Martino, Lorenzo Pio Massimo. "The Interventions of Pietro da Cortona in the Crypt of Santa Maria in Via Lata in Rome, Studied through a Morphometric Three-Dimensional Survey." Open Journal of Civil Engineering 04, no. 02 (2014): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojce.2014.42009.
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Iplikcioglu, A. Celal, Sirzat Bek, Kerem Bıkmaz, and Kahan Basocak. "Tension Pneumocyst after Transsphenoidal Surgery for Rathke's Cleft Cyst: Case Report." Neurosurgery 52, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 960–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000053027.30314.64.
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Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Tension pneumocephalus is a rare but well-described complication of transsphenoidal surgery. It is usually associated with postoperative cerebrospinal fluid fistulae causing lower intracranial pressure, with air located in the subdural, subarachnoid, or intraventricular space. We report a case of suprasellar tension pneumocyst that caused visual deterioration to develop after an operation for a Rathke's cleft cyst. Only one similar case has been reported previously. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 54-year-old woman with a cystic sellar-suprasellar mass compressing the chiasm was operated on via a standard transsphenoidal approach. The intraoperative diagnosis was Rathke's cleft cyst, and the floor of sella was left open to avoid recurrence. The sphenoid sinus was filled with a fat graft, and the rostrum of the sphenoid was reconstructed with a bone fragment. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and her vision improved. Ten days after discharge, the patient was readmitted to the emergency service with headache and visual impairment. Emergent computed tomography confirmed a suprasellar tension pneumocyst. INTERVENTION The patient underwent immediate reoperation via an endonasal endoscopic approach. After the trapped air was evacuated, the sella was closed with fascia lata and muscle using fibrin glue. The patient's vision improved postoperatively. CONCLUSION Suprasellar tension pneumocyst is an extremely rare complication of transsphenoidal surgery. To avoid this complication, the sellar floor should be repaired in a watertight fashion, and patients should be instructed to avoid blowing the nose, sneezing, straining, and coughing postoperatively.
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Petite, Sarah E. "Role of Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist/Long-Acting β2-Agonist Therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 51, no. 8 (April 14, 2017): 696–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028017705149.
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Objective: To compare the available literature regarding the use of long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/long-acting β2 agonists (LABA) and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/LABA combination inhaler therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) maintenance therapy management. Data Sources: A MEDLINE literature search from database inception to February 2017 was conducted using the search terms chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, adrenergic beta-agonist, muscarinic antagonist, and inhaled corticosteroid. References from extracted sources were further searched for any relevant, missed data sources. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All English-language randomized-controlled trials comparing LAMA/LABA and ICS/LABA combination inhaler therapy were evaluated. Data Synthesis: A total of 10 randomized controlled trials have reviewed the use of LAMA/LABA compared with ICS/LABA therapy for COPD maintenance therapy. Results of clinical trials that evaluated LAMA/LABA and ICS/LABA maintenance therapy demonstrated superior improvements in pulmonary function tests via spirometry and improved clinical outcomes with LAMA/LABA therapy, specifically reduction in COPD exacerbation rates. The safety of LAMA/LABA combination therapy also is favorable compared with ICS/LABA combination therapy because of the increased infection risk with ICS therapy. Conclusions: COPD is a disease state with significant morbidity and mortality in the United States and is the third leading cause of death. Long-acting inhalers are recommended for the majority of COPD severities, and combination therapy is typically utilized. LAMA/LABA combination therapy has demonstrated superior improvements in pulmonary function and reduction in COPD exacerbation rates compared with ICS/LABA. LAMA/LABA combination therapy will have a larger future role in COPD maintenance management.
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Sakuma, Hisashi, Ichiro Tanaka, Masaki Yazawa, and Anna Oh. "Dual-innervated multivector muscle transfer using two superficial subslips of the serratus anterior muscle for long-standing facial paralysis." Archives of Plastic Surgery 48, no. 3 (May 15, 2021): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5999/aps.2020.01599.
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Recent reports have described several cases of double muscle transfers to restore natural, symmetrical smiles in patients with long-standing facial paralysis. However, these complex procedures sometimes result in cheek bulkiness owing to the double muscle transfer. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman with long-standing facial paralysis, who underwent two-stage facial reanimation using two superficial subslips of the serratus anterior muscle innervated by the masseteric and contralateral facial nerves via a sural nerve graft. Each muscle subslip was transferred to the upper lip and oral commissures, which were oriented in different directions. Furthermore, a horizontal fascia lata graft was added at the lower lip to prevent deformities such as lower lip elongation and deviation. Voluntary contraction was noted at roughly 4 months, and a spontaneous smile without biting was noted 8 months postoperatively. At 18 months after surgery, the patient demonstrated a spontaneous symmetrical smile with adequate excursion of the lower lip, upper lip, and oral commissure, without cheek bulkiness. Dual-innervated muscle transfer using two multivector superficial subslips of the serratus anterior muscle may be a good option for long-standing facial paralysis, as it can achieve a symmetrical smile that can be performed voluntarily and spontaneously.
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MARCHIORI, MARIA LAURA. "Rogatrix atque donatrix: the silver cover of the Berta Evangeliary (Vatican, S. Maria in Via Lata, MS. I 45) and the patronage of art by women in early medieval Rome." Early Medieval Europe 20, no. 2 (April 22, 2012): 111–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0254.2012.00338.x.
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Shindo, Haruhiko, Narumi Harada-Shoji, Akiko Ebata, Miku Sato, Tomoyoshi Soga, Minoru Miyashita, Hiroshi Tada, et al. "Targeting Amino Acid Metabolic Reprogramming via L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT1) for Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer." Cancers 13, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 4375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13174375.
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The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has been well known to interact with the estrogen receptor (ER)-pathway and to be also frequently upregulated in aromatase inhibitor (AI)-resistant breast cancer patients. Intracellular levels of free amino acids, especially leucine, regulate the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation. L-type amino acid transporters such as LAT1 and LAT3 are associated with the uptake of essential amino acids. LAT1 expression could mediate leucine uptake, mTORC1 signaling, and cell proliferation. Therefore, in this study, we explored amino acid metabolism, including LAT1, in breast cancer and clarified the potential roles of LAT1 in the development of therapeutic resistance and the eventual clinical outcome of the patients. We evaluated LAT1 and LAT3 expression before and after neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NAH) and examined LAT1 function and expression in estrogen deprivation-resistant (EDR) breast carcinoma cell lines. Tumors tended to be in advanced stages in the cases whose LAT1 expression was high. LAT1 expression in the EDR cell lines was upregulated. JPH203, a selective LAT1 inhibitor, demonstrated inhibitory effects on cell proliferation in EDR cells. Hormone therapy changed the tumor microenvironment and resulted in metabolic reprogramming through inducing LAT1 expression. LAT1 expression then mediated leucine uptake, enhanced mTORC1 signaling, and eventually resulted in AI resistance. Therefore, LAT1 could be the potential therapeutic target in AI-resistant breast cancer patients.
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Melo, E. G., C. M. F. Rezende, M. G. Gomes, P. M. Freitas, and S. A. Arias S. "Sulfato de condroitina e hialuronato de sódio no tratamento da doença articular degenerativa experimental em cães: aspectos clínicos e radiológicos." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 55, no. 1 (February 2003): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352003000100006.
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Avaliaram-se clínica e radiograficamente os efeitos do sulfato de condroitina e do hialuronato de sódio no tratamento da articulação femorotibiopatelar de cães com doença articular degenerativa (DAD) induzida experimentalmente. Foram utilizados 15 cães, sem raça definida, de ambos os sexos, pesando entre 18 e 25 kg, submetidos à secção artroscópica do ligamento cruzado cranial (LCCr) para desestabilização articular e indução da DAD. Após três semanas de instabilidade articular, o LCCr foi substituído utilizando-se a técnica intra-articular com emprego da fáscia lata. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos de cinco. Nos do grupo I fez-se somente a substituição do LCCr. Os do grupo II receberam 24mg/animal de sulfato de condroitina, via IM, de cinco em cinco dias, totalizando seis aplicações. Os do grupo III foram tratados com hialuronato de sódio na dose de 20mg/animal, via IV, de cinco em cinco dias, num total de três aplicações. Os animais foram observados por 90 dias, e avaliados clinicamente quanto à claudicação, à capacidade de suportar peso no membro afetado, à mensuração da atrofia muscular e à amplitude de movimento articular. Ao final, foram encaminhados para novo exame radiográfico. Os resultados demonstraram que os animais que receberam hialuronato de sódio apresentaram menor grau de claudicação quando comparados com os demais. Ao exame radiográfico observaram-se osteofitose periarticular e esclerose óssea subcondral. Essas alterações foram evidenciadas de forma mais acentuada nos animais tratados com hialuronato de sódio. Clinicamente, pôde-se observar melhor resultado com o hialuronato de sódio do que nos demais grupos, possivelmente devido à sua maior ação na membrana sinovial, reduzindo a dor e o grau de claudicação. O exame radiográfico não foi compatível com a sintomatologia clínica nos cães tratados com hialuronato de sódio.
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Chen, Ching-Yi, Wang-Chun Chen, Chi-Hsien Huang, Yi-Ping Hsiang, Chau-Chyun Sheu, Yung-Che Chen, Meng-Chih Lin, Kuo-An Chu, Cheng-Hung Lee, and Yu-Feng Wei. "LABA/LAMA fixed-dose combinations versus LAMA monotherapy in the prevention of COPD exacerbations: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease 14 (January 2020): 175346662093719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753466620937194.
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Background: Long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) monotherapy is recommended for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with high risk of exacerbations. It is unclear whether long-acting β2-agonist (LABA)/LAMA fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) are more effective than LAMAs alone in preventing exacerbations. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to investigate whether LABA/LAMA FDCs are more effective than LAMA monotherapy in preventing exacerbations. Methods: We searched several databases and manufacturers’ websites to identify relevant randomized clinical trials comparing LABA/LAMA FDC treatment with LAMAs alone ⩾24 weeks. Outcomes of interest were time to first exacerbation and rates of moderate to severe, severe and all exacerbations. Results: We included 10 trials in 9 articles from 2013 to 2018 with a total of 19,369 patients for analysis in this study. Compared with LAMA monotherapy, LABA/LAMA FDCs demonstrated similar efficacy in terms of time to first exacerbation [hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79–1.18; p = 0.71], moderate to severe exacerbations [risk ratio (RR), 0.96; 95% CI 0.90–1.03; p = 0.28], severe exacerbations (RR, 0.92; 95% CI 0.81–1.03; p = 0.15), and a marginal superiority in terms of all exacerbations (RR, 0.92; 95% CI 0.86–1.00; p = 0.04). The incidence of all exacerbation events was lower in the LABA/LAMA FDC group for the COPD patients with a history of previous exacerbations and those with a longer treatment period (52–64 weeks). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that LABA/LAMA FDCs are marginally superior in the prevention of all exacerbations compared with LAMA monotherapy in patients with COPD. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
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Sekhar, Laligam N., Anil Nanda, Chandra N. Sen, Carl N. Snyderman, and Ivo P. Janecka. "The extended frontal approach to tumors of the anterior, middle, and posterior skull base." Journal of Neurosurgery 76, no. 2 (February 1992): 198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1992.76.2.0198.
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✓ The extended frontal approach is a modification of the transbasal approach of Derome. The addition of a bilateral orbitofrontal or orbitofrontoethmoidal osteotomy improves the exposure of midline lesions of the anterior, middle, and posterior skull base, while minimizing the need for frontal lobe retraction. The authors present a 5-year experience with 49 patients operated on via the extended frontal approach. In seven patients, the extended frontal approach was used alone; in the remaining 42, it was combined with other skull base approaches. Highly malignant tumors were removed en bloc, whereas benign tumors and low-grade malignancies were removed either en bloc or piecemeal. Reconstruction was usually performed using fascia lata, a pericranial flap, and/or autologous fat. A temporalis muscle flap or a distant microvascular free flap was required for some patients. One patient died 1 month postoperatively due to superior mesenteric artery thrombosis. Three patients had postoperative infections, two had cerebrospinal fluid leaks requiring reoperation, and four had brain contusions or hematomas. All but two patients recovered to their preoperative functional level. After an average follow-up period of 26 months (range 6 to 56 months), 64% of patients with benign lesions, 64% of patients with low-grade malignancies, and 44% of patients with high-grade lesions were alive with no evidence of disease.
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Li, Wei, Sixia Yang, Zeping Xie, Hui Lu, Junjun Ling, and Weidong Cheng. "Neuroprotective Effects of Salidroside Against Beta-Amyloid-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice Through the PKC/p38MAPK Pathway." Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2020.2223.
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease as well as the main cause of dementia. A progressive cognitive decline with age is considered as the major manifestation of AD. Amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) is one of the primary causes leading to cognitive dysfunction in AD. Recent studies have suggested that the activation of PKC/p38MAPK pathway is related to the neurotoxicity induced by β-amyloid. Salidroside is the major active component of Rhodiola crenu-lata, has been reported with widely neuroprotective effects. The protective effects of salidroside against β-amyloid induced neural apoptosis via the MAPKs pathway has been confirmed in the vitro study. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of salidroside through the PKC/p38MAPK pathway in β-amyloid induced AD mice. The results by Y maze showed that salidroside improved Aβ-induced cognitive impairment. Nissl staining results showed that salidroside affected neuronal damage in hippocampus and cerebral cortex of AD mice. Western blot results revealed that salidroside enhanced protein expression of p-PKC, whereas it suppressed protein expression of p-p38MAPK, Bax and cleaved caspase-3. Thus, the present results demonstrated that salidroside ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in Aβ25–35 induced AD mice. And the effects on protein expression of p-PKC and p-p38MAPK contributed to the neuroprotective effects of salidroside against neural apoptosis in AD mice.
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Melo, E. G., V. A. Nunes, C. M. F. Rezende, M. G. Gomes, C. Malm, and V. A. Gheller. "Sulfato de condroitina e hialuronato de sódio no tratamento da doença articular degenerativa em cães: estudo histológico da cartilagem articular e membrana sinovial." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 60, no. 1 (February 2008): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352008000100013.
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Quinze cães, sem raça definida, de ambos os sexos, de peso entre 18 e 25kg, foram submetidos à secção artroscópica do ligamento cruzado cranial (LCCr) para indução da doença articular degenerativa (DAD). Após três semanas de instabilidade articular, o LCCr foi substituído pela fáscia lata segundo a técnica de Schwalder (1989) e os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos de cinco. Os animais do grupo I, controle, não receberam tratamento medicamentoso; os do grupo II, 24mg/animal de sulfato de condroitina, por via IM, de cinco em cinco dias, totalizando seis aplicações; e os do grupo III foram tratados com hialuronato de sódio na dose de 20mg/animal, por via IV, de cinco em cinco dias num total de três administrações. Ao final de 90 dias, os animais foram eutanasiados e procedeu-se à colheita e ao processamento histológico da membrana sinovial e da cartilagem articular para avaliações morfológica e morfométrica. No grupo I foram observadas alterações degenerativas de DAD mais acentuadas que nos demais grupos, como redução do número de condrócitos, presença de pânus, fibrilações, fissuras, erosões e irregularidades na superfície articular. No grupo II observou-se elevação do número de condrócitos com aumento da atividade de síntese da matriz e redução das lesões na superfície da cartilagem. No grupo III houve aumento do número de condrócitos que eram, muitas vezes, morfologicamente inviáveis. Todos os grupos apresentaram proliferação da membrana sinovial e presença de infiltrado linfoplasmocitário na subíntima e na perivascular. Nos grupos I e III, a proliferação da membrana sinovial era exuberante com formação de pânus, presença de sinoviócitos achatados ou ausência de sinóvia com tecido de granulação. Os resultados sugerem que o sulfato de condroitina estimulou a cartilagem articular, diminuindo ou retardando as alterações da DAD e o hialuronato de sódio não interferiu no processo degenerativo da cartilagem articular. Não foi constatada ação favorável das drogas na membrana sinovial.
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Liu, James K., and Robert W. Jyung. "Retractorless translabyrinthine approach for resection of a large acoustic neuroma: operative video and technical nuances." Neurosurgical Focus 36, v1supplement (January 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.v1.focus13441.
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Large acoustic neuromas, greater than 3 cm, can be technically challenging tumors to remove because of their intimate relationship with the brainstem and surrounding cranial nerves. Successful tumor resection involves functional preservation of the facial nerve and neurovascular structures. The translabyrinthine approach is useful for surgical resection of acoustic neuromas of various sizes in patients with poor preoperative hearing. The presigmoid surgical corridor allows direct exposure of the tumor in the cerebellopontine angle without any fixed cerebellar retraction. Early identification of the facial nerve at the fundus facilitates facial nerve preservation. Large acoustic tumors can be readily removed with a retractorless translabyrinthine approach using dynamic mobilization of the sigmoid sinus. In this operative video atlas report, the authors demonstrate their operative nuances for resection of a large acoustic neuroma via a translabyrinthine approach using a retractorless technique. Facial nerve preservation is achieved by maintaining a plane of dissection between the tumor capsule and the tumor arachnoid so that a layer of arachnoid protects the blood supply to the facial nerve. Multilayered closure is achieved with a fascial sling technique in which an autologous fascia lata graft is sutured to the dural defect to suspend the fat graft in the mastoidectomy defect. We describe the step-by-step technique and illustrate the operative nuances and surgical pearls to safely and efficiently perform the retractorless translabyrinthine approach, tumor resection, facial nerve preservation, and multi-layered reconstruction of the skull base dural defect to prevent postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/ros98UxqVMw.
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Bjelovic, Milos, Tamara Babic, Dragan Gunjic, Milan Veselinovic, and Bratislav Spica. "Laparoscopic repair of hiatal hernias: Experience after 200 consecutive cases." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 142, no. 7-8 (2014): 424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1408424b.
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Introduction. Repair of hiatal hernias has been performed traditionally via open laparotomy or thoracotomy. Since first laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair in 1992, this method had a growing popularity and today it is the standard approach in experienced centers specialized for minimally invasive surgery. Objective. In the current study we present our experience after 200 consecutive laparoscopic hiatal hernia repairs. Methods. A retrospective cohort study included 200 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair at the Department for Minimally Invasive Upper Digestive Surgery, Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia in Belgrade from April 2004 to December 2013. Results. Hiatal hernia types included 108 (54%) patients with type I, 30 (15%) with type III, 62 (31%) with giant paraesophageal hernia, while 27 (13.5%) patients presented with a chronic gastric volvulus. There were a total of 154 (77%) Nissen fundoplications. In 26 (13%) cases Nissen procedure was combined with esophageal lengthening procedure (Collis-Nissen), and in 17 (8.5%) Toupet fundoplications was performed. Primary retroesophageal crural repair was performed in 164 (82%) cases, Cleveland Clinic Foundation suture modification in 27 (13.5%), 4 (2%) patients underwent synthetic mesh hiatoplasty, 1 (0.5%) primary repair reinforced with pledgets, and 4 (2%) autologous fascia lata graft reinforcement. Poor result with anatomic and symptomatic recurrence (indication for revisional surgery) was detected in 5 patients (2.7%). Conclusion. Based on the result analysis, we found that laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair was a technically challenging but feasible technique, associated with good to excellent postoperative outcomes comparable to the best open surgery series.
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Zarei, Vahhab, Sharon C. Yson, Joan E. Bechtold, and Jonathan N. Sembrano. "Predicting the Effect of Bilateral Pelvic Osteotomy on Sagittal Alignment Correction and Surrounding Muscles: A Mathematical Model." Advances in Orthopedics 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3041359.
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Study Design. Mathematical Model. Objectives. To investigate the relationship between pelvic osteotomy opening angle (OA) and its effect on spinopelvic sagittal parameters as well as the resting length of surrounding muscles. Methods. Predictive equations correlating OA with spinopelvic parameters were derived using geometric relationships. A geometric model calculated spinopelvic parameters (SVA, pelvic incidence [PI], PT, and T1 pelvic angle [TPA]) produced by progressively increasing the OA. These values were compared to optimal balance criteria in the literature. Four muscles crossing the osteotomy site were evaluated: Gluteus Medius (GMED), Gluteus Maximus (GMAX), Piriformis (P), and Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL). Insertion points were obtained from an OpenSim software model. GMAX and GMED were subdivided into 3 (anterior, middle, and posterior). Results. OA correlated negatively with PI, TPA, and SVA and positively with PT. From baseline SVA of 22 cm, OA 21° reduced SVA to 5cm. OA 23° reduced TPA to 14°. OA 30° increased PT to 20°. OA 26° decreased PI-LL to 10°. OA range of 26°-30° resulted in optimal sagittal deformity correction. OA correlated with SR positively for TFL and anterior GMED and negatively for the rest of muscles. For this OA, the SR approximately decreased 6%, 5%, 6%, 8%, and 5% for posterior GMED, anterior GMAX, middle GMAX, posterior GMAX, and P, respectively. It increased 8% and 4% for anterior GMED and TFL, respectively. Conclusion. Predictive relationships between osteotomy OA and spinopelvic parameters were shown, providing proof of concept that sagittal balance may be achieved via pelvic osteotomy.
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Calzetta, Luigino, Paola Rogliani, Josuel Ora, Ermanno Puxeddu, Mario Cazzola, and Maria Gabriella Matera. "LABA/LAMA combination in COPD: a meta-analysis on the duration of treatment." European Respiratory Review 26, no. 143 (January 17, 2017): 160043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0043-2016.
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When there are no randomised clinical trials directly comparing all relevant treatment options, an indirect treatment comparison via meta-analysis of the available clinical evidence is an acceptable alternative. However, meta-analyses may be very misleading if not adequately performed. Here, we propose and validate a simple and effective approach to meta-analysis for exploring the effectiveness of long-acting β2-agonist (LABA)/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) fixed-dose combinations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.14 articles with 20 329 patients (combinations n=9292; monocomponents n=11 037) were included in this study. LABA/LAMA combinations were always more effective than the monocomponents in terms of the improvement in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 s, transition dyspnoea index and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire scores after 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment. No significant publication bias was identified. Significant discrepancies with previous network meta-analyses have been found, with overall differences ranging from 26.7% to 43.3%.Results from previous network meta-analyses were misleading because no adequate attention was given to formulating the review question, specifying eligibility criteria, correctly identifying studies, collecting appropriate information and deciding what it would be pharmacologically relevant to analyse. The real gradient of effectiveness of LABA/LAMA fixed-dose combinations remains an unmet medical need; however, it can be investigated indirectly using a high-quality meta-analytic approach.
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Lavigne, Philippe, Eric W. Wang, and Juan C. Fernandez-Miranda. "Supratotal Resection of Residual Clival Chordoma With Combined Endoscopic Endonasal and Contralateral Transmaxillary Approaches: 2-Dimensional Operative Video." Operative Neurosurgery 16, no. 3 (September 4, 2018): E88—E89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opy220.
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Abstract The optimal treatment for skull base chordomas is gross total resection followed by radiotherapy and not radiation of partially resected tumors. Supratotal resection, defined as removal beyond all involved bone and dura, is ideal but difficult to achieve. In this video, we present the case of a 37-yr-old man with new onset of progressive cranial nerve sixth palsy and a skull base lesion compatible with clival chordoma. He underwent partial surgical resection at an outside institution via transcranial approach, with significant tumor residual at the clivus, dorsum sella, posterior clinoids, and petrous apex, extensive dural invasion, and intradural extension with attachment to the basilar artery and its long perforating branches. Supratotal surgical resection was achieved using an endoscopic endonasal transclival approach, ipsilateral transpteryoid approach to the foramen lacerum for carotid artery mobilization, bilateral interdural transcavernous approach with posterior clinoidectomies, and con-tralateral transmaxillary approach to the petrous apex. Reconstruction was performed in a multilayer fashion with fascia lata and fat grafts, extended nasoseptal flap, a lumbar drainage for 3 d. No cerebrospinal fluid leak occurred, and the abducens nerve palsy significantly improved at 3-mo follow-up. Proton therapy is planned. Recent advances in endoscopic endonasal surgery allow for very high rates of complete and even supratotal resection despite the challenging location. A long learning curve to acquire the technical skills and complex surgical anatomy is required to decrease complication rates and achieve maximal resection in chordomas. Reoperations are more challenging and risky; therefore, first attempt should have curative intent. The patient signed informed consent including the use of photographic and video material for educational or academic purposes
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Almeida, Joao Paulo, Allan Vescan, and Fred Gentili. "Surgical Nuances of Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of Craniopharyngiomas: 2-Dimensional Operative Video." Operative Neurosurgery 19, no. 1 (December 12, 2019): E70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opz389.
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Abstract Understanding of the microsurgical anatomy of the sella and suprasellar space is necessary for successful selection of surgical approaches and resection of craniopharyngiomas. Endoscopic endonasal surgery provides excellent exposure of the suprasellar space and has become the approach of choice for most of those tumors. In this video, we discuss the anatomical and surgical nuances for resection of craniopharyngiomas via an endoscopic transtuberculum transplanum approach. Anatomical dissections and a clinical case are used to illustrate the technique. This is the case of a 52-yr-old woman who presented to our clinic with a history of progressive visual decline and headaches, but no hormonal deficiencies. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the presence of a sella suprasellar solid cystic lesion suggestive of a craniopharyngioma. The lesion was mainly located anterior to the chiasm, preinfundibular and medial to the posterior-communicating artery. Considering the patient presented with no hormonal deficits, it was decided to proceed with an endoscopic extended approach for maximum tumor resection while attempting to preserve the pituitary stalk and gland and its function. The patient provided consent to undergo the procedure and for the surgical video. After a binostril approach and harvesting of vascularized flap, a large sphenoidotomy was performed, followed by a transtuberculum transplanum approach. The tumor was resected with blunt and sharp dissection with careful preservation of the branches of the superior hypophyseal and posterior-communicating arteries. Closure was performed in a multilayer fashion, with dura substitute, fascia lata, and vascularized flap. The patient had visual improvement after surgery and was discharged at postoperative day 5 with no complications. Anatomical dissection pictures © 2019 Joao Paulo Almeida, MD. Used with permission.
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Vasavada, Sandip P., Craig V. Comiter, and Shlomo Raz. "Incisionless Pubovaginal Fascial Sling Using Transvaginal Bone Anchors for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence." Scientific World JOURNAL 4 (2004): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2004.90.
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Introduction: Bladder neck suspension (BNS) for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) can have significant morbidity, including bleeding, infection and pain. In an effort to reduce this potential morbidity, we have devised a technique which provides the same suburethral support as a standard anterior vaginal wall sling (AVWS), but without a vaginal or suprapubic incision. We describe this minimally invasive technique. Methods: From April 1998 to February 1999, 85 women underwent an incisionless suburethral fascial sling procedure. A transvaginal bone drill was used to place a bone anchor loaded with #1 prolene suture into the inferior aspect of the pubic bone on either side of the urethra. A subepithelial tunnel was created at the level of the bladder neck. A 2 x 7 cm segment of cadaveric fascia lata was placed through the subepithelial tunnel. The sutures were passed through the fascia 5mm from either edge, effectively creating a 6.0 cm sling. Finally, the sutures are tied up to the pubic symphysis.Results: Follow-up was via a self-administered questionnaire and patient interview. Recurrent SUI was noted in 2/85 (3%). New onset urge incontinence was present in 4/85 (5%). Permanent urinary retention has not occurred in either group. All procedures were performed on an outpatient basis and no operative complications occurred.Conclusions: Early results for the incisionless sling compare favorably with the long term results for the AVWS. This minimally invasive approach has thus far not been associated with any significant complications. Elimination of the vaginal and suprapubic incisions has not compromised efficacy, and appears to reduce the incidence of urge incontinence. Long term follow-up will establish the lasting efficacy of this novel surgical technique.
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Wang, Di, Mingzhu Zheng, Yuanjun Qiu, Chuansheng Guo, Jian Ji, Lei Lei, Xue Zhang, et al. "Tespa1 negatively regulates FcεRI-mediated signaling and the mast cell–mediated allergic response." Journal of Experimental Medicine 211, no. 13 (November 24, 2014): 2635–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20140470.
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Antigen-mediated cross-linking of IgE on mast cells triggers a signaling cascade that results in their degranulation and proinflammatory cytokine production, which are key effectors in allergic reactions. We show that the activation of mast cells is negatively regulated by the newly identified adaptor protein Tespa1. Loss of Tespa1 in mouse mast cells led to hyper-responsiveness to stimulation via FcεRI. Mice lacking Tespa1 also displayed increased sensitivity to IgE-mediated allergic responses. The dysregulated signaling in KO mast cells was associated with increased activation of Grb2-PLC-γ1-SLP-76 signaling within the LAT1 (linker for activation of T cells family, member 1) signalosome versus the LAT2 signalosome. Collectively, these findings show that Tespa1 orchestrates mast cell activation by tuning the balance of LAT1 and LAT2 signalosome assembly.
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Gong, Yiwen, Yinghua Lv, Hongxia Liu, Qingshan Zheng, and Lujin Li. "Quantitative analysis of efficacy and safety of LABA/LAMA fixed-dose combinations in the treatment of stable COPD." Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease 16 (January 2022): 175346662110660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17534666211066068.
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Objective: This study aimed to quantitatively compare the efficacy and safety of long-acting β2-agonist (LABA)/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) for the treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), especially in terms of their loss of efficacy in lung function. Methods: Randomized controlled clinical trials of LABA/LAMA FDCs for the treatment of stable COPD were comprehensively searched for in public databases. Pharmacodynamic models were established to describe the time course of the primary outcome [trough forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)]. Secondary outcomes [COPD exacerbations, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Transition Dyspnoea Index (TDI), and rescue medication use] and safety outcomes [mortality, serious adverse events (SAEs), and withdrawals due to adverse events (AEs)] were also compared via a meta-analysis. Results: A total of 22 studies involving 16,486 participants were included in this study. The results showed that in terms of primary outcome (change from baseline in trough FEV1), the efficacy of vilanterol/umeclidinium was the highest, while the efficacy of formoterol/aclidinium was the lowest, with a maximum effect value (Emax) of 0.185 L [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.173–0.197 L] and 0.119 L (95% CI: 0.103–0.135 L), respectively. The efficacy of other drugs, such as formoterol/glycopyrronium, indacaterol/glycopyrronium, and olodaterol/tiotropium, were comparable, and their Emax values were 0.150–0.177 L. Except for vilanterol/umeclidinium, the other four LABA/LAMA FDCs showed a certain degree of loss of efficacy. Compared with the efficacy at 2 days, the trough FEV1 (L) relative to baseline at 24 weeks decreased by 0.029–0.041 L. In terms of secondary outcomes, the efficacy of different LABA/LAMA FDCs was similar in TDI and rescue medication use. However, formoterol/aclidinium was better in preventing the COPD exacerbations, while vilanterol/umeclidinium was the best in terms of SGRQ. In addition, different LABA/LAMA FDCs and placebo had similar safety outcomes. Conclusion: The present findings may provide necessary quantitative information for COPD medication guidelines.
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Lopatin, Andrey S., Dmitry N. Kapitanov, and Alexander A. Potapov. "Spontaneous CSF Leaks and Meningoencephaloceles: Endoscopic Repair and Possible Etiology." An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics 3, no. 3 (2011): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1074.
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ABSTRACT Objective To assess the outcomes of endonasal endoscopic repair of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and to analyze its possible etiological factors. Patients During the period between January 1999 and November 2011, 173 patients who presented with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea underwent endonasal endoscopic surgery. Preoperative examination included CT scans, nasal endoscopy, measurement of glucose concentration in the nasal discharge and, in some cases, cisternographic evaluation via CT or MRI. CSF fistula closure was performed using endonasal endoscopic technique under general anesthesia. In all, 186 surgeries (173 primary attempts and 13 revisions) were carried out over the 12-year period. A combination of different plastic materials, i.e. nasal septum cartilage, facia lata, abdominal fat, rotating middle turbinate flaps, and fibrin glue was used for fistula repair. Results At the time of the surgery, sites of the CSF fistula were determined as follows: Cribriform plate—70, fovea ethmoidalis—55, sphenoid sinus—45, frontal sinus—3. Extremely pneumatized lateral extension of the sphenoid sinus was found in 26 patients, and a meningo/encephalocele protruding through the bony defect was the source of the leak in 23 of them. In terms of up to 11 years, 165 patients were treated successfully after first attempt and five more recovered after revision endoscopic surgery. Success rate after the first surgery was 95.4%, overall success rate—97.7%. There were no postoperative complications. Conclusion Possible etiological factors of this disease include obesity, innate skull base malformations, overpneumatized sphenoid sinus, particularly presence of its lateral extensions and the empty sella syndrome. Endoscopic endonasal repair of spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea appears to be a safe and successful procedure. However, technique of endoscopic closure of CSF fistulas in the lateral part of the sphenoid sinus needs further perfection.
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Harpaz, Guy. "The Dispute over the Sovereignty of Jerusalem: EU Policies and the Search for Internal Legal Coherence and Consistency with International Law." European Foreign Affairs Review 17, Issue 3 (August 1, 2012): 451–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2012033.
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This article examines the EU's post-1967 conflict resolution policies pertaining to the dispute over sovereignty over Jerusalem. Analytically, it provides the first in-depth, genealogical analysis of the evolution of the EU policies, distilling four 'generations' of them, while normatively, it offers a critique of the consistency, coherence and legal cogency of such policies and their compatibility with international law. Yet the importance of this article lies beyond the particular case-study of Jerusalem, as it establishes that EU conflict resolution policies may, drawing on the work of Aggestam, be contextualized within the conceptual in the EU's self-perceived role, from 'what it is' to 'what it does', from passively representing 'power of attraction' to adopting the proactive role of an 'ethical power'. In such a role, international legal norms upon which the EU strives to premise its contribution to the resolution of disputes over sovereignty serve it in both a constitutive and an instrumentalist manner. However, and as the article has striven to demonstrate, the EU faces significant difficulties when attempting to assist in solving disputes over contested territories, based on rule-based diplomacy and strict commitment to international law, while having to face well-entrenched realities and accommodate realpolitik considerations. Consequently, the EU cannot ensure at all times its strict compliance with international law as such compliance ignores political realities and such ignorance mitigates, in turn, the already compromised centrality and effectiveness of the EU as a Normative Power in the Middle East and elsewhere. Thus, the EU will have to continue to seek the via media between international legality and political reality, strict observance of international law and effectiveness, lex ferenda and lex lata and between Constructivist-led, universalistic, value-based conflict resolution policies and more Realist-led, self-interest, security-based and hegemony-motivated policies.
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Ahn, Jung Yong, and Sun Ho Kim. "A New Technique for Dural Suturing With Fascia Graft for Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage in Transsphenoidal Surgery." Operative Neurosurgery 65, suppl_6 (December 1, 2009): ons65—ons72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000327695.32775.bb.
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Abstract Objective: One of the most common postoperative complications of surgery using a transsphenoidal approach is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, which typically results from inadequate repair of a CSF fistula created at the time of the initial operation. Most techniques use autologous tissue grafts of fat, muscle, or fascia lata, with or without the use of postoperative lumbar CSF drainage; however, patients demonstrate a relatively high incidence of CSF rhinorrhea, especially after extended procedures. We have developed a new technique of dural suturing with fascia graft using special suture-tying microinstruments. Methods: Twenty-one consecutive patients with suprasellar tumors underwent dural suturing with fascia graft via new suture-tying microinstruments between January 2004 and December 2007. The 21 patients were retrospectively divided into 2 groups according to the transsphenoidal technique used. Group 1 consisted of 16 patients whose large dural defects were closed with a fascia graft suture for CSF leakage during or after an extended transsphenoidal approach. Group 2 consisted of 5 patients whose dural defects were closed with a fascia graft suture for postoperative CSF rhinorrhea after a conventional transsphenoidal approach. Results: None of the 21 patients developed any clinical symptoms of CSF leakage. There were no complications or infections. For 8 patients in group 1 and the 5 patients in Group 2, no postoperative lumbar drainage was performed after dural suturing with fascia graft, and none of the 13 patients developed postoperative CSF rhinorrhea. Conclusion: Our dural suturing technique with fascia graft may be more reliable than the conventional packing technique in achieving watertight dural closure and for the prevention of postoperative CSF rhinorrhea. Watertight dural suturing with fascia graft and the leaking point suture could allow surgeons to avoid unnecessary postoperative lumbar drainage.
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Sethi, Sanjay, James F. Donohue, Gary T. Ferguson, Chris N. Barnes, and Glenn D. Crater. "Efficacy and safety of revefenacin for nebulization in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease taking concomitant ICS/LABA or LABA: subgroup analysis from phase III trials." Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease 14 (January 2020): 175346662090527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753466620905278.
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Background: Combinations of a long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA), long-acting β-agonist (LABA), and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) are used for patients with persistent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations on bronchodilator monotherapy. In this prespecified subgroup analysis, we assessed the efficacy and safety of the LAMA revefenacin in patients with COPD taking concomitant LABA, including ICS/LABA (LABA subgroup). Methods: Efficacy data were obtained from two 12-week, replicate, placebo-controlled trials and safety data were pooled from the 12-week and a 52-week tiotropium-controlled trial. Patients received revefenacin 175 µg or placebo in the 12-week or tiotropium 18 µg in the 52-week studies. The efficacy endpoint was least squares (LS) mean change from baseline in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). Clinical health outcomes were assessed using the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Results: Revefenacin produced similar improvements from baseline in trough FEV1 in the non-LABA and LABA subgroups [placebo-adjusted LS mean change (95% confidence interval) in day 85 trough FEV1, 150.9 (110.3−191.6) ml and 139.2 (82.9−195.5) ml; p < 0.0001 versus placebo]. Similar improvements were observed in SGRQ scores in the non-LABA and LABA subgroups [−3.3 (−5.4 to −1.2) and −3.4 (−6.3 to −0.6)]. Improvements in lung function and health outcomes were observed regardless of airflow obstruction severity. Revefenacin was well tolerated with more adverse events reported in the LABA than the non-LABA subgroup. Conclusions: Once daily revefenacin for nebulization can be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients who require concomitant use of LABA with or without ICS. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02512510, NCT02459080, NCT02518139 The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
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Rogliani, Paola, Josuel Ora, Francesco Cavalli, Mario Cazzola, and Luigino Calzetta. "Comparing the Efficacy and Safety Profile of Triple Fixed-Dose Combinations in COPD: A Meta-Analysis and IBiS Score." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 15 (August 1, 2022): 4491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154491.
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Background: Triple fixed-dose combination (FDC) therapy is recommended in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients experiencing frequent exacerbations and/or symptoms not controlled by dual FDCs. Since no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have directly compared the different inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (ICS/LABA/LAMA) FDCs, we performed a meta-analysis to compare the impact of the current available ICS/LABA/LAMA FDCs in COPD. Methods: A meta-analysis was performed by connecting beclomethasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate/glycopyrronium bromide or glycopyrrolate (BDP/FOR/GLY), budesonide (BUD)/GLY/FOR, and fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) FDCs via ICS/LABA or LABA/LAMA FDCs arms. The safety and efficacy profiles were investigated, and the Implemented Bidimensional Surface under the cumulative ranking curve analysis (IBiS) was carried out. Protocol registration: CRD42022301189. Results: Data from 21,809 COPD patients were extracted from the ETHOS, IMPACT, KRONOS, and TRILOGY studies. No significant (p > 0.05) differences were detected across the triple FDCs with respect to the risk of exacerbation, trough forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), transition dyspnea index (TDI), St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), risk of serious adverse events (SAEs), cardiovascular (CV) SAEs, pneumonia, and all-cause mortality. According to IBiS score, BDP/FOR/GLY 200/12/25 µg twice daily (BID) was the FDC reporting the best combined efficacy/safety profile (area 41.41%), although FF/UMEC/VI 100/62.5/25 µg once daily (QD) showed the greatest efficacy profile (50.54%). The protection against mortality related to the dose of ICS. Conclusions: All triple FDCs are effective and safe in COPD regardless of the regimen of administration (twice daily vs. once daily), with no relevant difference in the risk of CV SAEs and pneumonia.
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BRÖER, Angelika, Carsten A. WAGNER, Florian LANG, and Stefan BRÖER. "The heterodimeric amino acid transporter 4F2hc/y+LAT2 mediates arginine efflux in exchange with glutamine." Biochemical Journal 349, no. 3 (July 25, 2000): 787–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3490787.
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The cationic amino acid arginine, due to its positive charge, is usually accumulated in the cytosol. Nevertheless, arginine has to be released by a number of cell types, e.g. kidney cells, which supply other organs with this amino acid, or the endothelial cells of the blood–brain barrier which release arginine into the brain. Arginine release in mammalian cells can be mediated by two different transporters, y+LAT1 and y+LAT2. For insertion into the plasma membrane, these transporters have to be associated with the type-II membrane glycoprotein 4F2hc [Torrents, Estevez, Pineda, Fernandez, Lloberas, Shi, Zorzano and Palacin (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 32437–32445]. The present study elucidates the function and distribution of y+LAT2. In contrast to y+LAT1, which is expressed mainly in kidney epithelial cells, lung and leucocytes, y+LAT2 has a wider tissue distribution, including brain, heart, testis, kidney, small intestine and parotis. When co-expressed with 4F2hc in Xenopus laevis oocytes, y+LAT2 mediated uptake of arginine, leucine and glutamine. Arginine uptake was inhibited strongly by lysine, glutamate, leucine, glutamine, methionine and histidine. Mutual inhibition was observed when leucine or glutamine was used as substrate. Inhibition of arginine uptake by neutral amino acids depended on the presence of Na+, which is a hallmark of y+LAT-type transporters. Although arginine transport was inhibited strongly by glutamate, this anionic amino acid was only weakly transported by 4F2hc/y+LAT2. Amino acid transport via 4F2hc/y+LAT2 followed an antiport mechanism similar to the other members of this new family. Only preloaded arginine could be released in exchange for extracellular amino acids, whereas marginal release of glutamine or leucine was observed under identical conditions. These results indicated that arginine has the highest affinity for the intracellular binding site and that arginine release may be the main physiological function of this transporter.
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Rotmann, Alexander, Alexandra Simon, Ursula Martiné, Alice Habermeier, and Ellen I. Closs. "Activation of classical protein kinase C decreases transport via systems y+and y+L." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 292, no. 6 (June 2007): C2259—C2268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00323.2006.
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Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) downregulates the human cationic amino acid transporters hCAT-1 (SLC7A1) and hCAT-3 (SLC7A3) (Rotmann A, Strand D, Martiné U, Closs EI. J Biol Chem 279: 54185–54192, 2004; Rotmann A, Vekony N, Gassner D, Niegisch G, Strand D, Martine U, Closs EI. Biochem J 395: 117–123, 2006). However, others found that PKC increased arginine transport in various mammalian cell types, suggesting that the expression of different arginine transporters might be responsible for the opposite PKC effects. We thus investigated the consequence of PKC activation by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) in various human cell lines expressing leucine-insensitive system y+[hCAT-1, hCAT-2B (SLC7A2), or hCAT-3] as well as leucine-sensitive system y+L [y+LAT1 (SLC7A7) or y+LAT2 (SLC7A6)] arginine transporters. PMA reduced system y+activity in all cell lines tested, independent of the hCAT isoform expressed, while mRNAs encoding the individual hCAT isoforms were either unchanged or increased. System y+L activity was also inhibited by PMA. The extent and onset of inhibition varied between cell lines; however, a PMA-induced increase in arginine transport was never observed. In addition, when expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, y+LAT1 and y+LAT2 activity was reduced by PMA, and this inhibition could be prevented by the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I. In ECV304 cells, PMA-induced inhibition of systems y+and y+L could be prevented by Gö6976, a specific inhibitor of conventional PKCs. Thymelea toxin, which activates preferentially classical PKC, had a similar inhibitory effect as PMA. In contrast, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate-dipalmitoyl, an activator of atypical PKC, had no effect. These data demonstrate that systems y+and y+L are both downregulated by classical PKC.
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Waltner, Ann. "Sharing the Dream with New Audiences via New Media." Late Imperial China 39, no. 1 (2018): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/late.2018.0005.
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Wahyuni, Nining Ika. "PENGARUH PERATAAN LABA MELALUI MANIPULASI AKTIVITAS RIIL TERHADAP PERSISTENSI LABA." JURNAL AKUNTANSI, EKONOMI dan MANAJEMEN BISNIS 5, no. 1 (July 25, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jaemb.v5i1.447.
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This research aims to provide empirical evidence concerning the effect of income smoothing through real activities manipulation to the earning persistence. By using quarterly financial statement, this study also supposes to determine the timing of smoothing taken by the suspect firm. This study investigates three types of real activity manipulation: abnormal cash flow operation, abnormal discretionary expense, and abnormal production cost. Real earning manipulation is measured by summing the standardized of the three proxies. Companies that have been used as a sample in according to the purposive sampling criteria’s are consist of 63 firms on five years observations (2011-2015). From this number, samples included into income smoothing criteria based on Eckel Model are consist of 26 firms. The first hypothesis was tested with regression analisys and the second was tested with independent sample t-test. The first hypothesis test result showed that income smoothing via real earning manipulation negatively affect the earning persistence. But, the statistic test of the second hypothesis show that mean difference between earning persistence in the fourth fiscal quarter and in the other quarters was statistically insignificant. Thus, we can conclude that there is no difference between earning persistence in the fourth fiscal quarter and other quarters.
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Canham, Maurice, and Simon J. Talbot. "A naturally occurring C-terminal truncated isoform of the latent nuclear antigen of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus does not associate with viral episomal DNA." Journal of General Virology 85, no. 6 (June 1, 2004): 1363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.79802-0.
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The latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) encoded by orf73 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) binds to viral episomal DNA and nuclear heterochromatin in infected cells. A 3·2 kb transcript in KSHV-positive primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells (BCP-1 and BC-3) encoding a C-terminal truncated form of LANA (LANA-Δ76) has been identified. This transcript has the addition of a poly(A) tail at nt 3264 of orf73 resulting in an in-frame stop codon (TAA) effectively truncating LANA by 76 aa (∼8 kDa). Examination of the coding region revealed the presence of a non-canonical polyadenylation signal (AGTAAA) 17 nt upstream of the poly(A) tail. The protein expressed from this transcript is representative of the faster migration of the LANA doublet bands observed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Mutation of the poly(A) signal from AGTAAA to TGTACA produced a protein that co-migrated with the larger LANA isoform. A C-terminal LANA-Δ76 EGFP fusion protein localized to the nucleus but did not co-localize with endogenous LANA in BCP-1 cells, or heterochromatin in HEK293 cells. Using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), the authors were able to show that LANA-Δ76 does not bind to the KSHV terminal repeat motif known to interact with LANA. These data provide evidence for the presence of an isoform of LANA that may perform alternative functions in KSHV-infected cells.